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+<head>
+ <meta charset="utf-8" />
+ <title>What’s New in RDF 1.1</title>
+
+
+
+
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+ * Robin Berjon - http://berjon.com/
+ *****************************************************************/
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+<!--[if lt IE 9]><script src='https://www.w3.org/2008/site/js/html5shiv.js'></script><![endif]-->
+</head>
+
+<body class="h-entry" role="document" id="respecDocument"><div class="head" role="contentinfo" id="respecHeader">
+ <p>
+
+ <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img width="72" height="48" alt="W3C" src="https://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" /></a>
+
+ </p>
+ <h1 property="dcterms:title" id="title" class="title p-name">What’s New in RDF 1.1</h1>
+
+ <h2 content="2013-12-12T14:22:07.000Z" datatype="xsd:dateTime" property="dcterms:issued" id="w3c-first-public-working-draft-12-december-2013"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> First Public Working Draft <time datetime="2013-12-12" class="dt-published">12 December 2013</time></h2>
+ <dl>
+
+ <dt>This version:</dt>
+ <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-rdf11-new-20131212/" class="u-url">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-rdf11-new-20131212/</a></dd>
+ <dt>Latest published version:</dt>
+ <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-new/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-new/</a></dd>
+
+
+ <dt>Latest editor's draft:</dt>
+ <dd><a href="https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/rdf/raw-file/default/rdf-new/index.html">https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/rdf/raw-file/default/rdf-new/index.html</a></dd>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ <dt>Editor:</dt>
+ <dd inlist="" rel="bibo:editor" class="p-author h-card vcard"><span typeof="foaf:Person"><a href="http://about.me/david_wood" content="David Wood" property="foaf:name" rel="foaf:homepage" class="u-url url p-name fn">David Wood</a>, <a href="http://3roundstones.com/" class="p-org org h-org h-card" rel="foaf:workplaceHomepage">3 Round Stones Inc.</a></span>
+</dd>
+
+
+
+ </dl>
+
+
+
+
+
+ <p class="copyright">
+ <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a> ©
+ 2013
+
+ <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr></a><sup>®</sup>
+ (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr></a>,
+ <a href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr></a>,
+ <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>, <a href="http://ev.buaa.edu.cn/">Beihang</a>),
+
+ All Rights Reserved.
+
+ <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
+ <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a> and
+
+ <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document use</a>
+
+ rules apply.
+ </p>
+
+
+ <hr />
+</div>
+
+<div class="head" role="contentinfo" id="respecHeader">
+ <section id="abstract" class="introductory" property="dcterms:abstract" datatype="" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter"><h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_abstract">Abstract</h2>
+
+ <p>The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a language for
+ representing information about resources in the World Wide
+ Web. This document is intended to provide the reader with a summary
+ of changes to RDF introduced in RDF version 1.1.
+ </p>
+ </section><section class="introductory" id="sotd" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter"><h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_sotd">Status of This Document</h2>
+
+
+
+ <p>
+ <em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication.
+ Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> publications and the
+ latest revision of this technical report can be found in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> technical reports index</a> at
+ http://www.w3.org/TR/.</em>
+ </p>
+
+
+
+ <p>
+ This document was published by the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/rdf-wg/">RDF Working Group</a> as a First Public Working Draft.
+
+ This document is intended to become a <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Recommendation.
+
+
+ If you wish to make comments regarding this document, please send them to
+ <a href="mailto:public-rdf-comments@w3.org">public-rdf-comments@w3.org</a>
+ (<a href="mailto:public-rdf-comments-request@w3.org?subject=subscribe">subscribe</a>,
+ <a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-rdf-comments/">archives</a>).
+
+
+
+
+ All comments are welcome.
+
+ </p>
+
+
+ <p>
+ Publication as a First Public Working Draft does not imply endorsement by the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>
+ Membership. This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other
+ documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this document as other than work in
+ progress.
+ </p>
+
+
+ <p>
+
+ This document was produced by a group operating under the
+ <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/" rel="w3p:patentRules" about="" id="sotd_patent">5 February 2004 <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Patent
+ Policy</a>.
+
+
+
+
+ <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> maintains a <a rel="disclosure" href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/46168/status">public list of any patent
+ disclosures</a>
+
+ made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes
+ instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent
+ which the individual believes contains
+ <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential
+ Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with
+ <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section
+ 6 of the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Patent Policy</a>.
+
+
+ </p>
+
+
+
+
+</section><section id="toc"><h2 class="introductory" aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_toc">Table of Contents</h2><ul class="toc" role="directory" id="respecContents"><li class="tocline"><a href="#section-introduction" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#section-abstract-syntax" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2. </span>Abstract Syntax</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#identifiers" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.1 </span>Identifiers</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#literals" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.2 </span>Literals</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#datasets" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.3 </span>Datasets</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#datatypes" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.4 </span>Datatypes</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#section-serializations" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3. </span>New Serialization Formats</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#section-semantics" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4. </span>Semantics</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#section-Acknowledgments" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A. </span>Acknowledgments</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B. </span>References</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#normative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B.1 </span>Normative references</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#informative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B.2 </span>Informative references</a></li></ul></li></ul></section>
+
+
+
+</div>
+
+<section id="section-introduction" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+
+
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_section-introduction"><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</h2>
+
+ <p>This document is informative in nature. Its
+ purpose is to provide a summary of differences between RDF versions 1.0
+ and 1.1 and to introduce new additions in a very brief manner.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>Readers new to RDF should start with the RDF 1.1 Primer
+ [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF11-PRIMER">RDF11-PRIMER</a></cite>] and then move on to the specifications in which they are
+ most interested. This document is meant to serve as a guide for those
+ already familiar with RDF 1.0 who wish to understand changes in version
+ 1.1.</p>
+
+ <p>Normative specifications of RDF can be found in the
+ following documents: </p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>A document describing the basic concepts underlying RDF, as
+ well as abstract syntax ("RDF Concepts and Abstract Syntax")
+ [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF11-CONCEPTS">RDF11-CONCEPTS</a></cite>]</li>
+ <li>A document describing the formal model-theoretic semantics
+ of RDF ("RDF Semantics") [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF11-MT">RDF11-MT</a></cite>]</li>
+ <li>Specifications of concrete syntaxes for RDF, such as Turtle
+ [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-TURTLE">TURTLE</a></cite>], TriG [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-TRIG">TRIG</a></cite>], N-Triples [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-N-TRIPLES">N-TRIPLES</a></cite>],
+ N-Quads [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-N-QUADS">N-QUADS</a></cite>] and JSON-LD [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-JSON-LD">JSON-LD</a></cite>]. RDFa [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDFA-PRIMER">RDFA-PRIMER</a></cite>]
+ is also a concrete syntax for RDF, but it was not defined
+ by the RDF Working Group.</li>
+ <li>An RDF Vocabulary Description Language, RDF Schema
+ [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF-SCHEMA">RDF-SCHEMA</a></cite>]</li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <p>The following prefixes are used in this document:</p>
+
+ <table class="simple">
+ <caption>Prefixes and IRIs</caption>
+ <tbody><tr><th>Namespace prefix</th><th>Namespace IRI</th><th>RDF vocabulary</th></tr>
+ <tr><td>rdf</td><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"><code>http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#</code></a></td><td>The RDF built-in vocabulary [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF-SCHEMA">RDF-SCHEMA</a></cite>]</td></tr>
+ <tr><td>xsd</td><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"><code>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#</code></a></td><td>The
+ RDF-compatible XML Schema datatypes</td></tr>
+ </tbody></table>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="section-abstract-syntax" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+
+
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_section-abstract-syntax"><span class="secno">2. </span>Abstract Syntax</h2>
+
+ <section id="identifiers" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+
+ <h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_identifiers"><span class="secno">2.1 </span>Identifiers</h3>
+
+ <p>Identifiers in RDF 1.1 are now IRIs. The following table summarizes specific differences.</p>
+
+ <table class="simple">
+ <caption>Identifiers in RDF 1.0 and 1.1.</caption>
+ <tbody><tr>
+ <th></th>
+ <th>RDF 1.0</th>
+ <th>RDF 1.1</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ Identifiers
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ RDF URI References
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ IRIs
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ Additional characters
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "<", ">",
+ "{", "}", "|", "\", "^",
+ "`", ‘"’ (double quote), and " " (space)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ None; percent-encoding must be used as described in section 2.1 of [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3986">RFC3986</a></cite>].
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ Fragment identifiers
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Fragment identifiers interpreted in accordance with RDF/XML representation.
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Full IRIs, including possible fragment identifiers, denote a resource.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ Blank nodes
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ RDF 1.0 makes no reference to any internal structure of blank nodes. Given two
+ blank nodes, it is possible to determine whether or not they are the same.
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Blank node identifiers are local identifiers that are used in some concrete
+ RDF syntaxes or RDF store implementations. They are always locally scoped to
+ the file or RDF store, and are not persistent or portable identifiers for
+ blank nodes. See the section in Concepts and Abstract Syntax regarding
+ Skolemization if blank nodes must be shared between implementations.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </tbody></table>
+
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="literals" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+
+ <h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_literals"><span class="secno">2.2 </span>Literals</h3>
+
+ <p>The following table summarizes differences in the handling of literals.</p>
+
+ <table class="simple">
+ <caption>Literals in RDF 1.0 and 1.1.</caption>
+ <tbody><tr>
+ <th></th>
+ <th>RDF 1.0</th>
+ <th>RDF 1.1</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ Language tags
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Literals with a language tag did not have a datatype URI.
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Literals with language tags now have the datatype IRI <code>rdf:langString</code>.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td rowspan="2">
+ Simple literals
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Simple literals could appear directly, e.g. "a literal".
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Literals all have datatypes; serializations or other implementations
+ might choose to support syntax for simple literals, but only as synonyms
+ for <code>xsd:string</code> literals.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ Control codes in the #x0-#x1F range were permitted.
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ The <code>xsd:string</code> datatype does not permit the #x0 character, and implementations
+ might not permit control codes in the #x1-#x1F range. A literal with type
+ <code>xsd:string</code> containing the #x0 character is ill-typed.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ Language tags
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Permitted language tags that adhered to the generic tag/subtag syntax
+ of language tags, but were not well-formed according to [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-BCP47">BCP47</a></cite>].
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Language tags must be well-formed according to [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-BCP47">BCP47</a></cite>].
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </tbody></table>
+
+ <p>Planned updates to DOM version 4 [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-DOM4">DOM4</a></cite>] are not complete as of this writing. The Working
+ Group decided to follow the changes to the DOM in order to support the new datatype <code>rdf:HTML</code>.
+ The unfinished status of DOM version 4 is why both <code>rdf:HTML</code> and <code>rdf:XMLLiteral</code> are non-normative
+ in RDF 1.1 Concepts. RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract Syntax clarifies functionality deemed to be
+ useful for those including fragments of XML and HTML content in RDF serialization formats.</p>
+
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="datasets" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+
+ <h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_datasets"><span class="secno">2.3 </span>Datasets</h3>
+
+ <p>RDF 1.1 introduces the concept of RDF Datasets. An RDF Dataset is a collection of RDF
+ Graphs. The semantics of RDF Datasets are minimally specified as of RDF 1.1.</p>
+
+ <p>RDF Graphs may be named using an IRI or a blank node. RDF Graphs that are so named are
+ called named graphs.</p>
+
+ <p>RDF 1.1 includes three new serialization formats capable of representing multiple graphs.</p>
+
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="datatypes" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+
+ <h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_datatypes"><span class="secno">2.4 </span>Datatypes</h3>
+
+ <p>A table of RDF-compatible XSD datatypes has been added to RDF 1.1 Concepts and
+ Abstract Syntax. Any XSD datatypes not represented in this table are incompatible
+ with RDF. The following XSD 1.1 datatypes were added to the list of
+ RDF-compatible datatypes:</p>
+
+ <ul>
+ <li><code>xsd:duration</code></li>
+ <li><code>xsd:dayTimeDuration</code></li>
+ <li><code>xsd:yearMonthDuration</code></li>
+ <li><code>xsd:dateTimeStamp</code></li>
+ </ul>
+
+ <p>Support for <code>rdf:XMLLiteral</code> support is now optional. Technically, support for
+ any individual datatype is optional and therefore may not be present in a given
+ implementation. RDF-conformant specifications may require specific datatype maps.</p>
+
+ </section>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="section-serializations" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+
+
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_section-serializations"><span class="secno">3. </span>New Serialization Formats</h2>
+
+ <p>RDF 1.1 introduces a number of new serialization formats. RDF 1.1 Concepts and
+ Abstract Syntax makes it clear that RDF/XML is no longer the only recommended serialization
+ format; RDF itself should be considered to be the data model (the abstract syntax), not any
+ particular serialization.</p>
+
+ <figure id="fig-rdf-1.0-and-1.1-serialization-formats">
+ <img width="717" height="370" src="serialization-formats.png" />
+ <figcaption>Fig. <span class="figno">1</span> <span class="fig-title">RDF 1.0 and 1.1 serialization formats</span></figcaption>
+ </figure>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="section-semantics" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+
+
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_section-semantics"><span class="secno">4. </span>Semantics</h2>
+
+ <p>Most of the changes between RDF and RDF 1.1 do not have any effect on
+ implementations of entailment.</p>
+
+ <p>Datatype entailment formally refers to a set of 'recognized' datatypes,
+ replacing datatype maps in RDF 1.0 Semantics, but this does not have any
+ effect on implementation.</p>
+
+ <p>Datatype entailment formally refers to a set of 'recognized' datatype IRIs.
+ The RDF 1.0 Semantics used the concept of a datatype map: in the new semantic
+ description, this is the mapping from recognized IRIs to the datatypes they
+ identify. This change does not have any effect on implementation or semantic
+ entailments.</p>
+
+ <p>RDF entailment has two required datatypes <code>xsd:string</code> and <code>rdf:langString</code>
+ which must be recognized, but this doesn't appreciably add to RDF
+ entailment as these two datatypes replace plain literals.</p>
+
+ <p>One change that does affect entailment is that graphs containing invalid
+ literals (e.g., <code>"a"^^xsd:integer</code>) are immediately inconsistent for
+ recognized datatypes, even in sub-RDFS entailment regimes.</p>
+
+ <p>RDF 1.1 includes RDF Datasets. However, the semantics of RDF Datasets in
+ RDF 1.1 is minimal and entailment per se is only defined on RDF graphs so
+ there are no changes here.</p>
+
+</section>
+
+<section class="appendix" id="section-Acknowledgments" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+
+
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_section-Acknowledgments"><span class="secno">A. </span>Acknowledgments</h2>
+
+ <div class="issue"><div class="issue-title" aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h_issue_1"><span>Issue 1</span></div><p class="">This section does not yet list all those who
+ contributed to this document. It should certainly include reviewers
+ and perhaps current RDF WG members.</p></div>
+
+ <p>The editor gratefully acknowledges the members of the RDF Working
+ Group who contributed to this document, including Richard Cyganiak,
+ Gavin Garothers, Pat Hayes, Sandro Hawke, Gregg Kellogg, Markus
+ Lanthaler, Peter Patel-Schneider, Eric Prud-hommeaux, Guus Schreiber
+ and Manu Sporny.
+
+</p></section>
+
+
+<section id="references" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter"></section>
+
+
+
+<section class="appendix" id="references" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_references"><span class="secno">B. </span>References</h2><section id="normative-references" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter"><h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_normative-references"><span class="secno">B.1 </span>Normative references</h3><dl class="bibliography" about=""><dt id="bib-BCP47">[BCP47]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">A. Phillips; M. Davis. <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47"><cite>Tags for Identifying Languages</cite></a>. September 2009. IETF Best Current Practice. URL: <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47">http://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-DOM4">[DOM4]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Anne van Kesteren; Aryeh Gregor; Ms2ger; Alex Russell; Robin Berjon. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/dom/"><cite>W3C DOM4</cite></a>. 7 November 2013. W3C Working Draft. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/dom/">http://www.w3.org/TR/dom/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-JSON-LD">[JSON-LD]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Manu Sporny, Gregg Kellogg, Markus Lanthaler, Editors. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-json-ld-20131105/">JSON-LD 1.0</a>.</cite> 5 November 2013. W3C Proposed Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-json-ld-20131105/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-json-ld-20131105/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/">http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-N-QUADS">[N-QUADS]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Gavin Carothers, Editor. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-n-quads-20131105/">RDF 1.1 N-Quads</a></cite>. 5 November 2013. W3C Candidate Recommendation (work in progress). URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-n-quads-20131105/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-n-quads-20131105/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/n-quads/">http://www.w3.org/TR/n-quads/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-N-TRIPLES">[N-TRIPLES]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Gavin Carothers, Editor. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-n-triples-20131105/">RDF 1.1 N-Triples</a></cite>. 5 November 2013. W3C Candidate Recommendation (work in progress). URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-n-triples-20131105/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-n-triples-20131105/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/n-triples/">http://www.w3.org/TR/n-triples/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDF-SCHEMA">[RDF-SCHEMA]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Dan Brickley; Ramanathan Guha. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema"><cite>RDF Vocabulary Description Language 1.0: RDF Schema</cite></a>. 10 February 2004. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDF11-CONCEPTS">[RDF11-CONCEPTS]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Richard Cyganiak, David Wood, Markus Lanthaler, Editors. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-rdf11-concepts-20131105/">RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract Syntax.</a></cite> 5 November 2013. W3C Candidate Recommendation (work in progress). URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-rdf11-concepts-20131105/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-rdf11-concepts-20131105/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-concepts/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-concepts/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDF11-MT">[RDF11-MT]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Patrick J. Hayes, Peter F. Patel-Schneider, Editors. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-rdf11-mt-20131105/">RDF 1.1 Semantics.</a></cite> 5 November 2013. W3C Candidate Recommendation (work in progress). URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-rdf11-mt-20131105/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-rdf11-mt-20131105/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-mt/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-mt/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDFA-PRIMER">[RDFA-PRIMER]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Ivan Herman; Ben Adida; Manu Sporny; Mark Birbeck. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdfa-primer/"><cite>RDFa 1.1 Primer - Second Edition</cite></a>. 22 August 2013. W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdfa-primer/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdfa-primer/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RFC3986">[RFC3986]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">T. Berners-Lee; R. Fielding; L. Masinter. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt"><cite>Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax (RFC 3986)</cite></a>. January 2005. RFC. URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-TRIG">[TRIG]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Gavin Carothers, Andy Seaborne, Editors. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-trig-20130919/">TriG: RDF Dataset Language</a></cite>. 19 September 2013. W3C Candidate Recommendation (work in progress). URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-trig-20130919/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-trig-20130919/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/trig/">http://www.w3.org/TR/trig/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-TURTLE">[TURTLE]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Eric Prud'hommeaux, Gavin Carothers, Editors. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-turtle-20130219/">RDF 1.1 Turtle: Terse RDF Triple Language.</a></cite> 19 February 2013. W3C Candidate Recommendation (work in progress). URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-turtle-20130219/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-turtle-20130219/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/turtle/">http://www.w3.org/TR/turtle/</a>
+</dd></dl></section><section id="informative-references" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter"><h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_informative-references"><span class="secno">B.2 </span>Informative references</h3><dl class="bibliography" about=""><dt id="bib-RDF11-PRIMER">[RDF11-PRIMER]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:references">Guus Schreiber, Yves Raimond. <cite><a href="https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/rdf/raw-file/default/rdf-primer/index.html">RDF 1.1 Primer</a></cite>. 2013. The latest version is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-primer/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-primer/</a>.
+</dd></dl></section></section></body></html>
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