first version
authorGuus Schreiber <guus.schreiber@vu.nl>
Thu, 12 Dec 2013 15:25:59 +0100
changeset 1551 5246965ac9a1
parent 1550 74e528b7211c
child 1552 f7ce086927f8
first version
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+<html lang="en" typeof="bibo:Document " about="" property="dcterms:language" content="en" prefix="bibo: http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ w3p: http://www.w3.org/2001/02pd/rec54#" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
+<head>
+    <meta charset="utf-8" />
+    <title>What’s New in RDF 1.1</title>
+    
+    
+    
+
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+      figure { text-align: center; }
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+ * ReSpec 3 CSS
+ * Robin Berjon - http://berjon.com/
+ *****************************************************************/
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+
+</style><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-WD" />
+<!--[if lt IE 9]><script src='https://www.w3.org/2008/site/js/html5shiv.js'></script><![endif]-->
+</head>
+
+<body class="h-entry" role="document" id="respecDocument"><div class="head" role="contentinfo" id="respecHeader">
+  <p>
+    
+      <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img width="72" height="48" alt="W3C" src="https://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" /></a>
+    
+  </p>
+  <h1 property="dcterms:title" id="title" class="title p-name">What’s New in RDF 1.1</h1>
+  
+  <h2 content="2013-12-12T14:22:07.000Z" datatype="xsd:dateTime" property="dcterms:issued" id="w3c-first-public-working-draft-12-december-2013"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> First Public Working Draft <time datetime="2013-12-12" class="dt-published">12 December 2013</time></h2>
+  <dl>
+    
+      <dt>This version:</dt>
+      <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-rdf11-new-20131212/" class="u-url">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-rdf11-new-20131212/</a></dd>
+      <dt>Latest published version:</dt>
+      <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-new/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-new/</a></dd>
+    
+    
+      <dt>Latest editor's draft:</dt>
+      <dd><a href="https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/rdf/raw-file/default/rdf-new/index.html">https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/rdf/raw-file/default/rdf-new/index.html</a></dd>
+    
+    
+    
+    
+    
+    
+    <dt>Editor:</dt>
+    <dd inlist="" rel="bibo:editor" class="p-author h-card vcard"><span typeof="foaf:Person"><a href="http://about.me/david_wood" content="David Wood" property="foaf:name" rel="foaf:homepage" class="u-url url p-name fn">David Wood</a>, <a href="http://3roundstones.com/" class="p-org org h-org h-card" rel="foaf:workplaceHomepage">3 Round Stones Inc.</a></span>
+</dd>
+
+    
+    
+  </dl>
+  
+  
+  
+  
+    
+      <p class="copyright">
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a> ©
+        2013
+        
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr></a><sup>®</sup>
+        (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr></a>,
+        <a href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr></a>,
+        <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>, <a href="http://ev.buaa.edu.cn/">Beihang</a>), 
+        
+        All Rights Reserved.
+        
+        <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a> and
+        
+          <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document use</a>
+        
+        rules apply.
+      </p>
+    
+  
+  <hr />
+</div>
+
+<div class="head" role="contentinfo" id="respecHeader">
+  <section id="abstract" class="introductory" property="dcterms:abstract" datatype="" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter"><h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_abstract">Abstract</h2>
+
+    <p>The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a language for
+    representing information about resources in the World Wide
+    Web. This document is intended to provide the reader with a summary
+		of changes to RDF introduced in RDF version 1.1.
+    </p>
+	</section><section class="introductory" id="sotd" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter"><h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_sotd">Status of This Document</h2>
+  
+    
+      
+        <p>
+          <em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication.
+          Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> publications and the
+          latest revision of this technical report can be found in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> technical reports index</a> at
+          http://www.w3.org/TR/.</em>
+        </p>
+        
+
+
+        <p>
+          This document was published by the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/rdf-wg/">RDF Working Group</a> as a First Public Working Draft.
+          
+            This document is intended to become a <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Recommendation.
+          
+          
+            If you wish to make comments regarding this document, please send them to 
+            <a href="mailto:public-rdf-comments@w3.org">public-rdf-comments@w3.org</a> 
+            (<a href="mailto:public-rdf-comments-request@w3.org?subject=subscribe">subscribe</a>,
+            <a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-rdf-comments/">archives</a>).
+          
+          
+          
+          
+            All comments are welcome.
+          
+        </p>
+        
+        
+          <p>
+            Publication as a First Public Working Draft does not imply endorsement by the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>
+            Membership. This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other
+            documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this document as other than work in
+            progress.
+          </p>
+        
+        
+        <p>
+          
+            This document was produced by a group operating under the 
+            <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/" rel="w3p:patentRules" about="" id="sotd_patent">5 February 2004 <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Patent
+            Policy</a>.
+          
+          
+          
+            
+              <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> maintains a <a rel="disclosure" href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/46168/status">public list of any patent
+              disclosures</a> 
+            
+            made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes
+            instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent
+            which the individual believes contains
+            <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential
+            Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with
+            <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section
+            6 of the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Patent Policy</a>.
+          
+          
+        </p>
+        
+      
+    
+  
+</section><section id="toc"><h2 class="introductory" aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_toc">Table of Contents</h2><ul class="toc" role="directory" id="respecContents"><li class="tocline"><a href="#section-introduction" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#section-abstract-syntax" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2. </span>Abstract Syntax</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#identifiers" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.1 </span>Identifiers</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#literals" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.2 </span>Literals</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#datasets" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.3 </span>Datasets</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#datatypes" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.4 </span>Datatypes</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#section-serializations" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3. </span>New Serialization Formats</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#section-semantics" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4. </span>Semantics</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#section-Acknowledgments" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A. </span>Acknowledgments</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B. </span>References</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#normative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B.1 </span>Normative references</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#informative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B.2 </span>Informative references</a></li></ul></li></ul></section>
+
+
+
+</div>
+
+<section id="section-introduction" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+	
+    
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_section-introduction"><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</h2>
+
+    <p>This document is informative in nature.  Its
+    purpose is to provide a summary of differences between RDF versions 1.0
+		and 1.1 and to introduce new additions in a very brief manner.
+    </p> 
+
+		<p>Readers new to RDF should start with the RDF 1.1 Primer
+		[<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF11-PRIMER">RDF11-PRIMER</a></cite>] and then move on to the specifications in which they are
+		most interested.  This document is meant to serve as a guide for those
+		already familiar with RDF 1.0 who wish to understand changes in version
+		1.1.</p>
+      
+    <p>Normative specifications of RDF can be found in the
+		following documents: </p>
+    <ul>
+      <li>A document describing the basic concepts underlying RDF, as
+      well as abstract syntax (&quot;RDF Concepts and Abstract Syntax&quot;)
+      [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF11-CONCEPTS">RDF11-CONCEPTS</a></cite>]</li>
+      <li>A document describing the formal model-theoretic semantics
+      of RDF (&quot;RDF Semantics&quot;) [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF11-MT">RDF11-MT</a></cite>]</li>
+      <li>Specifications of concrete syntaxes for RDF, such as Turtle
+      [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-TURTLE">TURTLE</a></cite>], TriG [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-TRIG">TRIG</a></cite>], N-Triples [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-N-TRIPLES">N-TRIPLES</a></cite>], 
+			N-Quads [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-N-QUADS">N-QUADS</a></cite>] and JSON-LD [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-JSON-LD">JSON-LD</a></cite>].  RDFa [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDFA-PRIMER">RDFA-PRIMER</a></cite>]
+			is also a concrete syntax for RDF, but it was not defined
+			by the RDF Working Group.</li> 
+      <li>An RDF Vocabulary Description Language, RDF Schema
+      [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF-SCHEMA">RDF-SCHEMA</a></cite>]</li>
+    </ul>
+
+		<p>The following prefixes are used in this document:</p>
+		
+		<table class="simple">
+		      <caption>Prefixes and IRIs</caption>
+		      <tbody><tr><th>Namespace prefix</th><th>Namespace IRI</th><th>RDF vocabulary</th></tr>
+		      <tr><td>rdf</td><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"><code>http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#</code></a></td><td>The RDF built-in vocabulary [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF-SCHEMA">RDF-SCHEMA</a></cite>]</td></tr>
+		      <tr><td>xsd</td><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"><code>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#</code></a></td><td>The
+		      RDF-compatible XML Schema datatypes</td></tr>
+		</tbody></table>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="section-abstract-syntax" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+	
+		
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_section-abstract-syntax"><span class="secno">2. </span>Abstract Syntax</h2>
+		
+		<section id="identifiers" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+			
+			<h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_identifiers"><span class="secno">2.1 </span>Identifiers</h3>
+			
+			<p>Identifiers in RDF 1.1 are now IRIs.  The following table summarizes specific differences.</p>
+			
+			<table class="simple">
+				<caption>Identifiers in RDF 1.0 and 1.1.</caption>
+				<tbody><tr>
+					<th></th>
+					<th>RDF 1.0</th>
+					<th>RDF 1.1</th>
+				</tr>
+				<tr>
+					<td>
+						Identifiers
+					</td>
+					<td>
+						RDF URI References
+					</td>
+					<td>
+						IRIs
+					</td>
+				</tr>
+				<tr>
+					<td>
+						Additional characters
+					</td>
+					<td>
+						&quot;&lt;&quot;, &quot;&gt;&quot;,
+						&quot;{&quot;, &quot;}&quot;, &quot;|&quot;, &quot;\&quot;, &quot;^&quot;,
+						&quot;`&quot;, ‘&quot;’ (double quote), and &quot; &quot; (space)
+					</td>
+					<td>
+						None; percent-encoding must be used as described in section 2.1 of [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3986">RFC3986</a></cite>].
+					</td>
+				</tr>
+				<tr>
+					<td>
+						Fragment identifiers
+					</td>
+					<td>
+						Fragment identifiers interpreted in accordance with RDF/XML representation.
+					</td>
+					<td>
+						Full IRIs, including possible fragment identifiers, denote a resource.
+					</td>
+				</tr>
+				<tr>
+					<td>
+						Blank nodes
+					</td>
+					<td>
+						RDF 1.0 makes no reference to any internal structure of blank nodes. Given two
+						blank nodes, it is possible to determine whether or not they are the same.
+					</td>
+					<td>
+						Blank node identifiers are local identifiers that are used in some concrete
+						RDF syntaxes or RDF store implementations. They are always locally scoped to
+						the file or RDF store, and are not persistent or portable identifiers for
+						blank nodes. See the section in Concepts and Abstract Syntax regarding
+						Skolemization if blank nodes must be shared between implementations.
+					</td>
+				</tr>
+			</tbody></table>
+		
+		</section>
+		
+		<section id="literals" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+			
+			<h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_literals"><span class="secno">2.2 </span>Literals</h3>
+			
+			<p>The following table summarizes differences in the handling of literals.</p>
+		
+			<table class="simple">
+				<caption>Literals in RDF 1.0 and 1.1.</caption>
+				<tbody><tr>
+					<th></th>
+					<th>RDF 1.0</th>
+					<th>RDF 1.1</th>
+				</tr>
+				<tr>
+					<td>
+						Language tags
+					</td>
+					<td>
+						Literals with a language tag did not have a datatype URI.
+					</td>
+					<td>
+						Literals with language tags now have the datatype IRI <code>rdf:langString</code>.
+					</td>
+				</tr>
+				<tr>
+					<td rowspan="2">
+						Simple literals
+					</td>
+					<td>
+						Simple literals could appear directly, e.g. &quot;a literal&quot;.
+					</td>
+					<td>
+						Literals all have datatypes; serializations or other implementations
+						might choose to support syntax for simple literals, but only as synonyms
+						for <code>xsd:string</code> literals.
+					</td>
+				</tr>
+				<tr>
+					<td>
+						Control codes in the #x0-#x1F range were permitted.
+					</td>
+					<td>
+						The <code>xsd:string</code> datatype does not permit the #x0 character, and implementations
+						might not permit control codes in the #x1-#x1F range.  A literal with type
+						<code>xsd:string</code> containing the #x0 character is ill-typed.
+					</td>
+				</tr>
+				<tr>
+					<td>
+						Language tags
+					</td>
+					<td>
+						Permitted language tags that adhered to the generic tag/subtag syntax
+						of language tags, but were not well-formed according to [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-BCP47">BCP47</a></cite>].
+					</td>
+					<td>
+						Language tags must be well-formed according to [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-BCP47">BCP47</a></cite>].
+					</td>
+				</tr>
+			</tbody></table>
+			
+			<p>Planned updates to DOM version 4 [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-DOM4">DOM4</a></cite>] are not complete as of this writing.  The Working
+				Group decided to follow the changes to the DOM in order to support the new datatype <code>rdf:HTML</code>.
+				The unfinished status of DOM version 4 is why both <code>rdf:HTML</code> and <code>rdf:XMLLiteral</code> are non-normative
+				in RDF 1.1 Concepts.  RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract Syntax clarifies functionality deemed to be
+				useful for those including fragments of XML and HTML content in RDF serialization formats.</p>
+				
+		</section>
+			
+		<section id="datasets" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+
+			<h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_datasets"><span class="secno">2.3 </span>Datasets</h3>
+			
+			<p>RDF 1.1 introduces the concept of RDF Datasets.  An RDF Dataset is a collection of RDF
+				Graphs.  The semantics of RDF Datasets are minimally specified as of RDF 1.1.</p>
+				
+			<p>RDF Graphs may be named using an IRI or a blank node.  RDF Graphs that are so named are
+				called named graphs.</p>
+				
+			<p>RDF 1.1 includes three new serialization formats capable of representing multiple graphs.</p>
+			
+		</section>
+
+		<section id="datatypes" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+	
+		<h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_datatypes"><span class="secno">2.4 </span>Datatypes</h3>
+	
+			<p>A table of RDF-compatible XSD datatypes has been added to RDF 1.1 Concepts and
+				Abstract Syntax.  Any XSD datatypes not represented in this table are incompatible
+				with RDF.  The following XSD 1.1 datatypes were added to the list of
+				RDF-compatible datatypes:</p>
+	
+			<ul>
+				<li><code>xsd:duration</code></li>
+				<li><code>xsd:dayTimeDuration</code></li>
+				<li><code>xsd:yearMonthDuration</code></li>
+				<li><code>xsd:dateTimeStamp</code></li>
+			</ul>
+		
+			<p>Support for <code>rdf:XMLLiteral</code> support is now optional.  Technically, support for
+				any individual datatype is optional and therefore may not be present in a given
+				implementation.  RDF-conformant specifications may require specific datatype maps.</p>
+		
+		</section>
+		
+</section>
+
+<section id="section-serializations" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+
+    
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_section-serializations"><span class="secno">3. </span>New Serialization Formats</h2>
+		
+		<p>RDF 1.1 introduces a number of new serialization formats. RDF 1.1 Concepts and
+			Abstract Syntax makes it clear that RDF/XML is no longer the only recommended serialization
+			format; RDF itself should be considered to be the data model (the abstract syntax), not any
+			particular serialization.</p>
+
+		<figure id="fig-rdf-1.0-and-1.1-serialization-formats">
+			<img width="717" height="370" src="serialization-formats.png" />
+			<figcaption>Fig. <span class="figno">1</span> <span class="fig-title">RDF 1.0 and 1.1 serialization formats</span></figcaption>
+		</figure>
+		
+</section>
+
+<section id="section-semantics" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+
+    
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_section-semantics"><span class="secno">4. </span>Semantics</h2>
+
+		<p>Most of the changes between RDF and RDF 1.1 do not have any effect on
+			implementations of entailment.</p>
+
+		<p>Datatype entailment formally refers to a set of 'recognized' datatypes,
+			replacing datatype maps in RDF 1.0 Semantics, but this does not have any
+			effect on implementation.</p>
+		
+		<p>Datatype entailment formally refers to a set of 'recognized' datatype IRIs.
+			The RDF 1.0 Semantics used the concept of a datatype map: in the new semantic
+			description, this is the mapping from recognized IRIs to the datatypes they
+			identify. This change does not have any effect on implementation or semantic
+			entailments.</p>
+
+		<p>RDF entailment has two required datatypes <code>xsd:string</code> and <code>rdf:langString</code>
+			which must be recognized, but this doesn't appreciably add to RDF
+			entailment as these two datatypes replace plain literals.</p>
+
+		<p>One change that does affect entailment is that graphs containing invalid
+			literals (e.g., <code>&quot;a&quot;^^xsd:integer</code>) are immediately inconsistent for
+			recognized datatypes, even in sub-RDFS entailment regimes.</p>
+
+		<p>RDF 1.1 includes RDF Datasets. However, the semantics of RDF Datasets in
+			RDF 1.1 is minimal and entailment per se is only defined on RDF graphs so
+			there are no changes here.</p>
+
+</section>
+
+<section class="appendix" id="section-Acknowledgments" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+	
+    
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_section-Acknowledgments"><span class="secno">A. </span>Acknowledgments</h2>
+
+    <div class="issue"><div class="issue-title" aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h_issue_1"><span>Issue 1</span></div><p class="">This section does not yet list all those who
+    contributed to this document.  It should certainly include reviewers
+		and perhaps current RDF WG members.</p></div>
+
+		<p>The editor gratefully acknowledges the members of the RDF Working
+		Group who contributed to this document, including Richard Cyganiak,
+		Gavin Garothers, Pat Hayes, Sandro Hawke, Gregg Kellogg, Markus
+		Lanthaler, Peter Patel-Schneider, Eric Prud-hommeaux, Guus Schreiber
+		and Manu Sporny.
+
+</p></section>
+
+
+<section id="references" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter"></section>
+
+  
+
+<section class="appendix" id="references" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_references"><span class="secno">B. </span>References</h2><section id="normative-references" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter"><h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_normative-references"><span class="secno">B.1 </span>Normative references</h3><dl class="bibliography" about=""><dt id="bib-BCP47">[BCP47]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">A. Phillips; M. Davis. <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47"><cite>Tags for Identifying Languages</cite></a>. September 2009. IETF Best Current Practice. URL: <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47">http://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-DOM4">[DOM4]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Anne van Kesteren; Aryeh Gregor; Ms2ger; Alex Russell; Robin Berjon. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/dom/"><cite>W3C DOM4</cite></a>. 7 November 2013. W3C Working Draft. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/dom/">http://www.w3.org/TR/dom/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-JSON-LD">[JSON-LD]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Manu Sporny, Gregg Kellogg, Markus Lanthaler, Editors. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-json-ld-20131105/">JSON-LD 1.0</a>.</cite> 5 November 2013. W3C Proposed Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-json-ld-20131105/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-json-ld-20131105/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/">http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-N-QUADS">[N-QUADS]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Gavin Carothers, Editor. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-n-quads-20131105/">RDF 1.1 N-Quads</a></cite>. 5 November 2013. W3C Candidate Recommendation (work in progress). URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-n-quads-20131105/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-n-quads-20131105/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/n-quads/">http://www.w3.org/TR/n-quads/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-N-TRIPLES">[N-TRIPLES]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Gavin Carothers, Editor. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-n-triples-20131105/">RDF 1.1 N-Triples</a></cite>. 5 November 2013. W3C Candidate Recommendation (work in progress). URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-n-triples-20131105/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-n-triples-20131105/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/n-triples/">http://www.w3.org/TR/n-triples/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDF-SCHEMA">[RDF-SCHEMA]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Dan Brickley; Ramanathan Guha. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema"><cite>RDF Vocabulary Description Language 1.0: RDF Schema</cite></a>. 10 February 2004. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDF11-CONCEPTS">[RDF11-CONCEPTS]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Richard Cyganiak, David Wood, Markus Lanthaler, Editors. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-rdf11-concepts-20131105/">RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract Syntax.</a></cite> 5 November 2013. W3C Candidate Recommendation (work in progress). URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-rdf11-concepts-20131105/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-rdf11-concepts-20131105/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-concepts/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-concepts/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDF11-MT">[RDF11-MT]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Patrick J. Hayes, Peter F. Patel-Schneider, Editors. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-rdf11-mt-20131105/">RDF 1.1 Semantics.</a></cite> 5 November 2013. W3C Candidate Recommendation (work in progress). URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-rdf11-mt-20131105/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-rdf11-mt-20131105/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-mt/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-mt/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDFA-PRIMER">[RDFA-PRIMER]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Ivan Herman; Ben Adida; Manu Sporny; Mark Birbeck. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdfa-primer/"><cite>RDFa 1.1 Primer - Second Edition</cite></a>. 22 August 2013. W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdfa-primer/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdfa-primer/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RFC3986">[RFC3986]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">T. Berners-Lee; R. Fielding; L. Masinter. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt"><cite>Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax (RFC 3986)</cite></a>. January 2005. RFC. URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-TRIG">[TRIG]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Gavin Carothers, Andy Seaborne, Editors. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-trig-20130919/">TriG: RDF Dataset Language</a></cite>. 19 September 2013. W3C Candidate Recommendation (work in progress). URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-trig-20130919/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-trig-20130919/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/trig/">http://www.w3.org/TR/trig/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-TURTLE">[TURTLE]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Eric Prud'hommeaux, Gavin Carothers, Editors. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-turtle-20130219/">RDF 1.1 Turtle: Terse RDF Triple Language.</a></cite> 19 February 2013. W3C Candidate Recommendation (work in progress). URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-turtle-20130219/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-turtle-20130219/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/turtle/">http://www.w3.org/TR/turtle/</a>
+</dd></dl></section><section id="informative-references" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter"><h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_informative-references"><span class="secno">B.2 </span>Informative references</h3><dl class="bibliography" about=""><dt id="bib-RDF11-PRIMER">[RDF11-PRIMER]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:references">Guus Schreiber, Yves Raimond. <cite><a href="https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/rdf/raw-file/default/rdf-primer/index.html">RDF 1.1 Primer</a></cite>. 2013. The latest version is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-primer/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-primer/</a>.
+</dd></dl></section></section></body></html>
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