--- a/ontology/prov-o-html-sections/description-expanded-terms.inc.html Sun Jul 01 00:34:52 2012 -0400
+++ b/ontology/prov-o-html-sections/description-expanded-terms.inc.html Sun Jul 01 00:38:19 2012 -0400
@@ -1,40 +1,46 @@
<section id="description-expanded-terms">
<h3>Expanded Terms</h3>
- <p>The terms introduced in this section provide additional ways to describe the provenance among Entities, Activities, and Agents. The terms are illustrated in the following figure.</p>
+ <p>The terms introduced in this section provide additional ways to describe the provenance among Entities, Activities, and Agents.
+ The additional terms are illustrated in the following figure and can be separated into four different categories.</p>
<div id="expanded-terms-figure" style="text-align: center;" class="figure">
<!-- When publishing to w3c: replace prov-o-diagrams/ with diagrams/ -->
<!--img src="prov-o-diagrams/Starting-points-terms.png"-->
<img src="http://dvcs.w3.org/hg/prov/raw-file/tip/ontology/diagram-history/2012-05-03/expanded.svg"
- style="width: 50%; min-width: 25em; max-width: 60em"
+ style="width: 70%; min-width: 25em; max-width: 60em"
alt="PROV-O Starting Point terms"/>
<div class="figcaption"><a href="#expanded-terms-figure">Figure 2</a>. The expanded terms build upon those in the Starting Points section.</div>
</div>
- <p>The expanded terms can be separated into five different categories.</p>
- <p>The <strong>first</strong> category extends the Starting Point terms with subclasses and subproperties. Three common subclasses of Agent are provided: <a href="#Person" class="qname">prov:Person</a>, <a href="#Organization" class="qname">prov:Organization</a>, and <a href="#SoftwareAgent" class="qname">prov:SoftwareAgent</a>. These classes are not disjoint and may overlap. For example, Agents may also be Entities in cases where one wishes to describe the provenance of Agents.
- </p>
- <p>
- On the properties, three subproperties of <span class="repeated">prov:wasDerivedFrom</span> are provided: <a href="#wasQuotedFrom" class="qname">prov:wasQuotedFrom</a>, <a href="#wasRevisionOf" class="qname">prov:wasRevisionOf</a>, and <a href="#hadPrimarySource" class="qname">prov:hadPrimarySource</a>. <span class="repeated">prov:wasQuotedFrom</span> cites a potentially larger Entity (such as a Book, or Blog) from which a quote was taken, <span class="repeated">prov:wasRevisionOf</span> cites an older version of a revised Entity, and <span class="repeated">prov:hadPrimarySource</span> cites the Entity that is closest to the person, information, period, or idea being studied (such as a news article that "broke the story"). The property <a href="#tracedTo" class="qname">prov:tracedTo</a> is a superproperty of all four of these properties, and is transitive.
+ <p>The <strong>first</strong> category extends the <a href="#description-starting-point-terms">Starting Point terms</a> with subclasses and subproperties.</p>
+
+ <p>Three subclasses of Agent are provided (<a href="#Person" class="qname">prov:Person</a>, <a href="#Organization" class="qname">prov:Organization</a>, and <a href="#SoftwareAgent" class="qname">prov:SoftwareAgent</a>),
+ while two subclasses of Entity are also provided: <a href="#Collection" class="qname">prov:Collection</a> is an Entity that provides a structure to some constituents (which are themselves Entities) and
+ <a href="#Bundle" class="qname">prov:Bundle</a> is a named set of provenance descriptions that enables the expression of provenance of provenance.
+Note that a named set of provenance descriptions can take any form beyond PROV-O triples, including videotaped testimony or scribbles on a drink napkin. The extension of Bundle that contains only PROV-O assertions is not named by PROV or PROV-O, since it is more appropriate to do so using other recommendations, standards, or technologies. In any case, a Bundle of PROV-O assertions is an abstract set of RDF triples, and adding or removing a triple creates a distinct Bundle of PROV-O assertions.
+ </p>
+
+ <p>More generally, the property <a href="#wasInfluencedBy" class="qname">prov:wasInfluencedBy</a> is a superproperty that relates any influenced Entity, Activity, or Agent to any other influencing Entity, Activity, or Agent that had an effect on its characteristics.
+ More specifically, three subproperties of <span class="repeated">prov:wasDerivedFrom</span> are provided for certain kinds of derivation among Entities: <a href="#wasQuotedFrom" class="qname">prov:wasQuotedFrom</a> cites a potentially larger Entity (such as a Book, or Blog) from which an Entity was taken, <a href="#wasRevisionOf" class="qname">prov:wasRevisionOf</a> cites an older version of a revised Entity (such as first edition of a book), and <a href="#hadPrimarySource" class="qname">prov:hadPrimarySource</a> cites an ancestor Entity produced by some agent with direct experience and knowledge about the topic.
+
</p>
- <p>The <strong>second</strong> category refers to the provenance of dinamyc resources. <a href="#specializationOf" class="qname">prov:specializationOf</a> and <a href="#alternateOf" class="qname">prov:alternateOf</a> relate Entities that exist at different levels of specificity. While <span class="repeated">prov:specializationOf</span> links a more specific Entity to a more general one (e.g., today's BBC news home page versus BBC's news home page on any day), <span class="repeated">prov:alternateOf</span> links Entities that present aspects of the same thing, but not necessarily the same aspects or at the same time (e.g., the serialization of a document in different formats).
+ <p>The <strong>second</strong> category relates Entities according to their levels of abstraction, where some Entities may present more aspects than their more general counterparts.
+ While <a href="#specializationOf" class="qname">prov:specializationOf</a> links a more specific Entity to a more general one (e.g., today's BBC news home page versus BBC's news home page on any day), <a href="#alternateOf" class="qname">prov:alternateOf</a> links Entities that present aspects of the same thing, but not necessarily the same aspects or at the same time (e.g., the serialization of a document in different formats).
+ <a href="#mentionOf" class="qname">prov:mentionOf</a> is a special type of <span class="repeated">prov:specializationOf</span> whose subject presents as an aspect a particular <span class="repeated">prov:Bundle</span> in which its more general Entity was described (<a href="#asInBundle" class="qname">prov:asInBundle</a> is used to cite the Bundle in which the generalization was mentioned).
</p>
- <p>The <strong>third</strong> category groups the provenance of provenance: a <a href="#Bundle" class="qname">prov:Bundle</a> is a named set of provenance descriptions, and is itself an entity, so allowing provenance of provenance to be expressed. Note that a named set of provenance descriptions can take any form, including scribbles on a drink napkin. A named set of PROV-O assertions is a special type of bundle that is not named by PROV or PROV-O.
- </p>
- <p>
- Similarly to how Activities have start and end times, an Entity may be bound by points in time for which it was generated or is no longer usable. The <strong>fourth</strong> category consists on the properties <a href="#generatedAtTime" class="qname">prov:generatedAtTime</a>, <a href="#generated" class="qname">prov:generated</a> and <a href="#invalidatedAtTime" class="qname">prov:invalidatedAtTime</a> for this purpose. For example, a painting could not have been displayed before it was painted, and it cannot be sold after it is destroyed by fire.
- The property <a href="#wasInvalidatedBy" class="qname">prov:wasInvalidatedBy</a> may be used to cite the Activity that invalidated any further uses of an Entity, so it is included in this category as well.
- <span class="repeated">prov:generated</span> is the inverse of <span class="repeated">prov:wasGeneratedBy</span> and is defined so that Activities being described can reference their generated outputs directly without needing to 'stop' and start describing the Entity.
- This helps 'Activity-centric' modeling as opposed to 'Entity-centric' modeling.
+ <p>The <strong>third</strong> category describes the lifetime of an Entity beyond being generated by an Activity and used by other Activities. For example, a painting could not have been displayed before it was painted, and it cannot be sold after it is destroyed by fire.
+ Similarly to how Activities have start and end times, an Entity may be bound by points in time for which it was generated or is no longer usable.
+The properties <a href="#generatedAtTime" class="qname">prov:generatedAtTime</a> and <a href="#invalidatedAtTime" class="qname">prov:invalidatedAtTime</a> can be used to bound the starting and ending moments of an Entity's existence. The Activities that led to the generation or invalidation of an Entity can be provided using <span class="repeated">prov:wasGeneratedBy</span> and <a href="#wasInvalidatedBy" class="qname">prov:wasInvalidatedBy</a>, respectively.
+<a href="#generated" class="qname">prov:generated</a> is the inverse of <span class="repeated">prov:wasGeneratedBy</span> and is defined to facilitate Activity-centric in addition to Entity-centric modeling.
</p>
<p>
- The <strong>fifth</strong> category contains miscellaneous properties that extend but don't specialize any starting points:<a href="#value" class="qname">prov:value</a>, <a href="#wasStartedBy" class=" qname">prov:wasStartedBy</a>, <a href="#wasEndedBy" class="qname">prov:wasEndedBy</a>, <a href="#atLocation" class="qname">prov:atLocation</a> and <a href="#Location" class="qname">prov:Location</a>. Entities may use the property <a href="#value" class="repeated">prov:value</a> to hold a literal value. For example, the <span class="repeated">prov:value</span> of a quote could be the quote itself, or the <span class="repeated">prov:value</span> of an Entity involved in a numeric calculation could be the xsd:integer four.
+ The <strong>fourth</strong> category contains miscellaneous properties that extend but don't specialize any starting points:<a href="#value" class="qname">prov:value</a>, <a href="#wasStartedBy" class=" qname">prov:wasStartedBy</a>, <a href="#wasEndedBy" class="qname">prov:wasEndedBy</a>, <a href="#atLocation" class="qname">prov:atLocation</a> and <a href="#Location" class="qname">prov:Location</a>. Entities may use the property <a href="#value" class="repeated">prov:value</a> to hold a literal value. For example, the <span class="repeated">prov:value</span> of a quote could be the quote itself, or the <span class="repeated">prov:value</span> of an Entity involved in a numeric calculation could be the xsd:integer four.
</p>
<p>Activities may be started or ended by Entities, which is described using the properties <a href="#wasStartedBy" class="repeated">prov:wasStartedBy</a> and <a href="#wasEndedBy" class="qname">prov:wasEndedBy</a>, respectively. Since Entities may start or end Activities, and Agents may be Entities, then Agents may also start or end Activities.