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* revised, ready for review
authorjcheney@inf.ed.ac.uk
Fri, 05 Apr 2013 17:21:40 +0100
changeset 6057 299a092f4bd0
parent 6056 fe75ff29dc80
child 6058 ff8007656fc6
* revised, ready for review
semantics/prov-sem.html
semantics/releases/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430/Overview.html 
--- a/semantics/prov-sem.html	Fri Apr 05 17:00:28 2013 +0100
+++ b/semantics/prov-sem.html	Fri Apr 05 17:21:40 2013 +0100
@@ -1007,24 +1007,24 @@
 This document is part of the PROV family of documents, a set of documents defining various aspects that are necessary to achieve the vision of inter-operable
 interchange of provenance information in heterogeneous environments such as the Web.  These documents are listed below. Please consult the [[PROV-OVERVIEW]] for a guide to reading these documents. 
 <ul>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-overview-20130312/">PROV-OVERVIEW</a> (To be published as Note), an overview of the PROV family of documents [[PROV-OVERVIEW]];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-primer-20130312/">PROV-PRIMER</a> (To be published as Note), a primer for the PROV data model [[PROV-PRIMER]];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-o-20130312/">PROV-O</a> (Proposed Recommendation), the PROV ontology, an OWL2 ontology allowing the mapping of PROV to RDF [[PROV-O]];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/">PROV-DM</a> (Proposed Recommendation), the PROV data model for provenance [[PROV-DM]];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-n-20130312/">PROV-N</a> (Proposed Recommendation), a notation for provenance aimed at human consumption [[PROV-N]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/">PROV-OVERVIEW</a> (Note), an overview of the PROV family of documents [[PROV-OVERVIEW]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/">PROV-PRIMER</a> (Note), a primer for the PROV data model [[PROV-PRIMER]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/">PROV-O</a> (Recommendation), the PROV ontology, an OWL2 ontology allowing the mapping of PROV to RDF [[PROV-O]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/">PROV-DM</a> (Recommendation), the PROV data model for provenance [[PROV-DM]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/">PROV-N</a> (Recommendation), a notation for provenance aimed at human consumption [[PROV-N]];</li>
 <li> <a
-href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-constraints-20130312/">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a>
-(Proposed Recommendation), a set of constraints applying to the PROV
+href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a>
+(Recommendation), a set of constraints applying to the PROV
 data model [[PROV-CONSTRAINTS]];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-xml-20130312/">PROV-XML</a> (To be published as Note),  an XML schema for the PROV data model [[PROV-XML]];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-aq-20130312/">PROV-AQ</a> (To be published as Note), the mechanisms for accessing and querying provenance [[PROV-AQ]]; </li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-dictionary-20130312/">PROV-DICTIONARY</a> (To be published as Note) introduces a specific type of collection, consisting of key-entity pairs [[PROV-DICTIONARY]];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-dc-20130312/">PROV-DC</a> (To be published as Note) provides a mapping between PROV and Dublic Core Terms [[PROV-DC]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/">PROV-XML</a> (Note),  an XML schema for the PROV data model [[PROV-XML]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/">PROV-AQ</a> (Note), the mechanisms for accessing and querying provenance [[PROV-AQ]]; </li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/">PROV-DICTIONARY</a> (Note) introduces a specific type of collection, consisting of key-entity pairs [[PROV-DICTIONARY]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/">PROV-DC</a> (Note) provides a mapping between PROV and Dublic Core Terms [[PROV-DC]];</li>
 <li> <a
-href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-sem-20130312/">PROV-SEM</a>
-(To be published as Note), a declarative specification in terms of
+href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430/">PROV-SEM</a>
+(Note), a declarative specification in terms of
 first-order logic of the PROV data model (this document);</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-links-20130312/">PROV-LINKS</a> (To be published as Note) introduces a mechanism to link across bundles [[PROV-LINKS]].</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/">PROV-LINKS</a> (Note) introduces a mechanism to link across bundles [[PROV-LINKS]].</li>
 </ul>
 
 </section>
@@ -1157,7 +1157,7 @@
 [[PROV-N]] notation.  In particular it assumes familiarity with the concepts
   from logic, and the relationship between PROV statements and
   instances and first-order formulas and theories, respectively,
-  presented in <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-constraints-20130312/#overview">Section 2.5</a> of PROV-CONSTRAINTS.
+  presented in <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#overview">Section 2.5</a> of PROV-CONSTRAINTS.
 </p>
 
   <p>This document may be useful to users of PROV who have a formal
@@ -1397,42 +1397,48 @@
 structure $W$ are given in the rest of the section in
 <em>components</em>, highlighted in boxes.
 
-<div class="note"><p>TODO: Introduce Events</p></div>
-<section>
+
 
 <h3> Things </h3> 
 
-<p><em>Things</em>  is a set of things in the situation being modeled.  Each thing has a lifetime during which it exists and attributes whose values can change over time.
+<p><em>Things</em>  is a set of things in the situation being modeled.
+Each thing has an associates set of $Events$ and attributes whose
+values can change over time.  Different kinds of $Events$ are specified further below.
 </p>
 <p>To model this, a structure $W$ includes:
 </p>
 <div class="component" id="things"><ol>
   <li> a set $Things$ of things</li>
-  <li> a function $lifetime : Things \to P(Times)$ from things to
-  sets of time instants.</li>
-  <li>a function $value : Things \times Attributes \times Times \to P(Values)$
+  <li> a set $Events$ of events</li>
+  <li> a function $events : Things \to P(Events)$ from things to
+  sets of events.</li>
+  <li>a function $value : Things \times Attributes \times Events \to
+  P(Values)$ giving the possible values of each attribute of a
+  $Thing$ at the instant of a given event.
 </li>
+<li>Attributes are only defined during the events of a thing, that
+is, $value(T,a,evt) \neq \emptyset$ implies $evt \in events(T)$.
 </ol>
 </div>
 <p>
 The range of $value$ is the set $P(Values)$, indicating that $value$
-is essentially a multi-valued function that returns a set of values (possibly empty).    When $value(x,a,t) =
-\emptyset$, we say that attribute $a$ is undefined for $x$ at time $t$.</p>
+is essentially a multi-valued function that returns a set of values (possibly empty).    When $value(x,a,evt) =
+\emptyset$, we say that attribute $a$ is undefined for $x$ at event $evt$.</p>
 
 <p>Note that this description does not say what the structure of a
-$Thing$ is, only how it may be described in terms of its lifetime
+$Thing$ is, only how it may be described in terms of its events
 and attribute values.  A thing could be a record of fixed
 attribute values; it could be a bear; it could be the Royal Society;
 it could be a transcendental number like $\pi$.  All that matters from
-our point of view is that we know how to map the $Thing$ to its lifetime and attribute mapping.
+our point of view is that we know how to map the $Thing$ to its events and attribute mapping.
 </p>
 
 
 <p>The identity of a Thing is not observable through its attributes or
-lifetime, so it is possible for two different $Things$ to be indistinguishable by their
-attribute values and lifetime.  That is, if the set of $Things = \{T_0,T_1\}$ and the attributes are
-specified as $value(T_0,a,t) = value(T_1,a,t)$ for each $t\in
-Times$ and $a \in Attributes$, this does not imply that $T_0 = T_1$.
+events, so it is possible for two different $Things$ to be indistinguishable by their
+attribute values and events.  That is, if the set of $Things = \{T_0,T_1\}$ and the attributes are
+specified as $value(T_0,a,evt) = value(T_1,a,evt)$ for each $evt\in
+Events$ and $a \in Attributes$, this does not imply that $T_0 = T_1$.
 </p>
 
 
@@ -1449,7 +1455,7 @@
   that have discrete, fixed features,  and relationships among these
   objects. Some objects, called $Entities$, are associated with
   $Things$, and their fixed attributes need to match those of the
-  associated $Thing$ during their common lifetime.  Others correspond
+  associated $Thing$ during their common events.  Others correspond
   to agents, activities, or identifiable interactions among them.</p>  
 
 <p>In this section, we detail the different subsets of $Objects$, and
@@ -1458,7 +1464,7 @@
 </p>
 
 <p>
-An <em>Object</em> is described by a time interval and attributes with
+An <em>Object</em> is described by a set of events and attributes with
 fixed values.  Objects encompass entities, activities, agents, and
 interactions (i.e., usage, generation, and other events or influence relations).
 To model this, a structure includes:
@@ -1466,13 +1472,13 @@
 
 <div class="component" id="objects">
   <ol><li> a set $Objects$ 
-</li><li> a function $lifetime : Objects \to P(Times)$ from objects to time intervals
-</li><li> a function $value : Objects \times Attributes \to P(Values)$
+</li><li> a function $events : Objects \to P(Events)$ from objects
+  to associated sets of events.
+</li><li> a function $value : Objects \times Attributes \to P(Values)$.
 </li></ol>
 </div>
 
-<p>Intuitively, $lifetime(e)$ is the time interval during which object
-$e$ exists.  The set $value(e,a)$ is the set of values of attribute $a$ during the object's lifetime.
+<p>Intuitively, $events(e)$ is the set of events in which $e$ participated.  The set $value(e,a)$ is the set of values of attribute $a$ during the object's events.
 </p>
 
 <p>As with <em>Things</em>, the range of $value$ is sets of values,
@@ -1500,10 +1506,10 @@
 <div class="component" id="entities">
   <ol><li> a set $Entities \subseteq Objects$ of entities, disjoint from $Activities$ below.
 </li><li> a function $thingOf : Entities \to Things$ that associates
-  each $Entity$ $e$ with a $Thing$, such that $lifetime(e) \subseteq
-  lifetime(thingOf(e))$ and for each $t \in
-  lifetime(e)$ and for each attribute $a$ we have $value(e,a)
-  \subseteq value(thingOf(e),a,t)$
+  each $Entity$ $e$ with a $Thing$, such that $events(e) \subseteq
+  events(thingOf(e))$ and for each $evt \in
+  events(e)$ and for each attribute $a$ we have $value(e,a)
+  \subseteq value(thingOf(e),a,evt)$.  
 </li>
 <!--<li>a relation $SpecializationOf \subseteq Entities \times Entities$
   that is irreflexive and transitive.  Furthermore, if $(e_1,e_2) \in
@@ -1511,7 +1517,7 @@
 <ol><li>
   $thingOf(e_1) = thingOf(e_2)$
   </li>
-  <li>$lifetime(e_1) \subseteq lifetime(e_2)$</li>
+  <li>$events(e_1) \subseteq events(e_2)$</li>
   <li>For each attribute $attr$ we have $value(e_1,attr) \supseteq
   value(e_2,attr)$.</li>
   </ol></li>
@@ -1522,19 +1528,19 @@
 
 <div class="remark"><p> Although both entities and things can have
   undefined or multiple attribute values, their meaning is slightly
-  different: for a thing, $value(x,a,t) = \emptyset$ means that the
-  attribute $a$ has no value at time $t$, whereas for an entity,
+  different: for a thing, $value(x,a,evt) = \emptyset$ means that the
+  attribute $a$ has no value at event $evt$, whereas for an entity,
   $value(x,a) = \emptyset$ only means that the thing associated to
   entity $x$ need not have a
-  fixed value for $a$ during the lifetime of $x$.  This does not imply
-  that $value(thingOf(e),a,t) = \emptyset$ when $t \in lifetime(e)$.
+  fixed value for $a$ during the events of $x$.  This does not imply
+  that $value(thingOf(e),a,evt) = \emptyset$ when $evt \in events(e)$.
   </p>
 
   <p>Furthermore, all of the attribute values of the entity must
-  be present in the associated thing throughout the lifetime of the
-  entity.  For example, suppose $value(thingOf(e),a,t)$ is $\{1\}$ at
-  some time in $lifetime(e)$ and $value(thingOf(e),a,t') = \{2\}$ at
-  some other time $t'$.  Then $value(e,a)$ must be $\emptyset$ because
+  be present in the associated thing throughout the events of the
+  entity.  For example, suppose $value(thingOf(e),a,evt)$ is $\{1\}$ at
+  some event $ evt \in events(e)$ and $value(thingOf(e),a,evt') = \{2\}$ at
+  some other event $evt'$.  Then $value(e,a)$ must be $\emptyset$ because
   there is no other set of values that is simultaneously contained in
   both $\{1\}$ and $\{2\}$.  </p> </div>
 
@@ -1544,10 +1550,10 @@
   <p>
   In the above description of how $Entities$ relate to $Things$, we
   require  $value(e,a) \subseteq
-  value(thingOf(e),a,t)$ whenever $t \in lifetime(e)$.  Intuitively, this means that if we are
+  value(thingOf(e),a,evt)$ whenever $evt \in events(e)$.  Intuitively, this means that if we are
   talking about a $Thing$ indirectly by describing an $Entity$, then
   any attributes we ascribe to the $Entity$ must also describe the
-  associated $Thing$ during their common lifetime.  Attributes of both
+  associated $Thing$ during their common events.  Attributes of both
   $Entities$ and $Things$ are multi-valued, so there is no
   inconsistency in saying that an entity has two different values for
   some attribute.  In some
@@ -1580,7 +1586,7 @@
   <em>collections</em>, with the following associated structure:</p>
   <div class="component" id="collections">
     <ul><li>A set $Collections \subseteq Entities$</li>
-    <li>A membership relation $MemberOf\subseteq Entities \times Collections$
+    <li>A membership relation $Contains\subseteq Collections \times Entities$
   indicating when an entity is a member of another (collection)
   entity.</li>
   </ul>
@@ -1654,7 +1660,7 @@
 <section>
 <h5> Events </h5>
 
-<p>An $Event$ is an influence whose lifetime is a single time
+<p>An $Event$ is an influence whose events is a single time
 instant, and relates an activity to an entity (which could be an
 agent).  Events have types including usage, generation, invalidation, starting and ending.  Events are instantaneous.  We introduce:
 </p>
@@ -1662,8 +1668,7 @@
 <ol><li> A set $Events \subseteq Influences$ of events, partitioned
   into disjoint subsets $Starts, Ends, Generations, Usages,
   Invalidations$.
-</li><li> A function $time : Events \to Times$ giving the time of each
-event, such that $lifetime(evt) = \{time(evt)\}$.
+</li><li> A function $time : Events \to Times$.
 </li>
 <li> A quasi-ordering on events $\preceq \subset Events \times
 Events$.  We write $e \prec e'$ when $e \preceq e'$ and $e'
@@ -1813,130 +1818,133 @@
     exists $c \in Communications$ such that $communicated(c) = (a_2,a_1)$.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom2">
+    If $e \in Entities$ then there exist $gen,inv,a,a'$ such that
+    $generated(gen) = (e,a)$ and $invalidated(inv) = (e,a')$.
+    </li>
+    <li id="axiom3">
     If $started(start) = (a_2,e,a_1)$ then there exists $gen$ such
     that $generated(gen) = (e,a_1)$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom3">
+    <li id="axiom4">
     If $ended(end) = (a_2,e,a_1)$ then there exists $gen$ such
     that $generated(gen) = (e,a_1)$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom4">
+    <li id="axiom5">
     If $d \in Derivations$ and $prov:Revision \in
     value(d,prov:type)$ and $derivationPath(deriv) = e_2 \cdot w \cdot
     e_1$ then $thingOf(e_1) = thingOf(e_2)$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom5">
+    <li id="axiom6">
     If $attributedTo(att) = (e,ag)$ then there exist $gen$ and $assoc$
     such that $generated(gen) = (e,a)$ and $associatedWith(assoc) = (a,ag)$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom6">
+    <li id="axiom7">
     If $actedFor(deleg) = (ag_2,ag_1,act)$ then there exist
     $assoc_1,assoc_2,pl_1,pl_2$ such that $associatedWith(assoc_1) = (ag_1,act,pl_1)$
     and $associatedWith(assoc_2) = (ag_2,act,pl_2)$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom7">
+    <li id="axiom8">
     If $generated(id) = (e,a)$ then $influenced(id) = (e,a)$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom8">
+    <li id="axiom9">
         If $used(id) = (e,a)$ then $influenced(id) = (e,a)$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom9">
+    <li id="axiom10">
             If $communicated(id) = (a_2,a_1)$ then $influenced(id) = (a_2,a_1)$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom10">
+    <li id="axiom11">
      If $started(id) = (a_2,e,a_1)$ then $influenced(id) = (a_2,e)$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom11">
+    <li id="axiom12">
          If $ended(id) = (a_2,e,a_1)$ then $influenced(id) = (a_2,e)$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom12">
+    <li id="axiom13">
     If $invalidated(id) = (e,a)$ then $influenced(id) = (e,a)$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom13">
+    <li id="axiom14">
     If $derivationPath(id) = e_2 \cdot w \cdot e_1$ then
     $influenced(id) = (e_2,e_1)$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom14">
+    <li id="axiom15">
     If $attributedTo(id) = (e,ag)$ then $influenced(id) = (e,ag)$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom15">
+    <li id="axiom16">
     If $associatedWith(id) = (a,ag,pl)$ then $influenced(id) = (a,ag)$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom16">
-    If $actedFor(id) = (ag_2,ag_1)$ then $influenced(id) = (ag_2,ag_1)$.
-    </li>
     <li id="axiom17">
-    If $generated(gen) = (e,a) = generated(gen')$ then $gen = gen'$.
+    If $actedFor(id) = (ag_2,ag_1)$ then $influenced(id) = (ag_2,ag_1)$.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom18">
-    If $invalidated(inv) = (e,a) = invalidated(inv')$ then $inv=inv'$.
+    If $generated(gen) = (e,a) = generated(gen')$ then $gen = gen'$.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom19">
-    If $started(st) = (a,e_1,a')$ and $started(st') = (a,e_2,a')$ then $st=st'$.
+    If $invalidated(inv) = (e,a) = invalidated(inv')$ then $inv=inv'$.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom20">
+    If $started(st) = (a,e_1,a')$ and $started(st') = (a,e_2,a')$ then $st=st'$.
+    </li>
+    <li id="axiom21">
     If $ended(end) = (a,e_1,a')$ and $ended(end') = (a,e_2,a')$ then $end=end'$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom21">
+    <li id="axiom22">
     If $started(st) = (a,e)$ then $st \preceq evt$ for all $evt \in
     events(a) - Invalidations$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom22">
+    <li id="axiom23">
         If $ended(end) = (a,e,a') $ then $evt \preceq end$ for all
     $evt \in events(a) - Invalidations$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom23">
+    <li id="axiom24">
     If $generated(gen) = (e,a)$ then $gen \preceq evt$ for all $evt \in events(e)$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom24">
+    <li id="axiom25">
         If $invalidated(inv) = (e,a)$ then $evt\preceq inv$ for all
     $evt \in events(e)$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom25">
+    <li id="axiom26">
     For any derivation $deriv$, with path $derivationPath(deriv) = w$,
     if $e_2 \cdot g \cdot a \cdot u \cdot e_1 $ is a substring of $w$
     where $e_1,e_2 \in Entities$, $g \in Generations$, $u \in Usages$
     and $a \in Activities$ then $u \preceq g$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom26">
+    <li id="axiom27">
     For any derivation $deriv$, with path $derivationPath(deriv) = e_2
     \cdot w \cdot e_1$, if $generated(gen_1) = (e_1,a_1)$ and
     $generated(gen_2) = (e_2,a_2)$ then $gen_1 \prec gen_2$.  
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom27">
+    <li id="axiom28">
     If  $associatedWith(assoc) = (a,ag,pl)$  and $started(start) = (a,e_1,a_1)$ and $invalidated(inv) =
     (ag,a_2)$ then $start \preceq inv$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom28">
+    <li id="axiom29">
     If  $associatedWith(assoc) = (a,ag,pl)$  and $generated(gen) =
     (ag,a_1)$ and $ended(end) = (a,e_2,a_2)$ then $gen \preceq end$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom29">
+    <li id="axiom30">
     If  $associatedWith(assoc) = (a,ag,pl)$  and $started(start) = (a,e_1,a_1)$ and $ended(end) =
     (ag,e_2,a_2)$ then $start \preceq end$.
     </li>
-    <li id="axiom30">
+    <li id="axiom31">
     If  $associatedWith(assoc) = (a,ag,pl)$  and $started(start) =
     (ag,e_1,a_1)$ and $ended(end) = (a,e_2,a_2)$ then $start \preceq end$.
     </li>
-       <li id="axiom31">
+       <li id="axiom32">
     If $attributedTo(attrib) = (e,ag)$  and $generated(gen_1) =
     (ag_1,a_1)$ and $generated(gen_2) = (e,a_2)$ then $gen_1 \preceq gen_2$.
     </li>
-       <li id="axiom32">
+       <li id="axiom33">
     If $attributedTo(attrib) = (e,ag)$  and $started(start) =
     (ag_1,e_1,a_1)$ and $generated(gen) = (e,a_2)$ then $start \preceq gen$.
     </li>
-       <li id="axiom33">
+       <li id="axiom34">
     If $actedFor(deleg) = (ag_2,ag_1,a)$  and $generated(gen) =
     (ag_1,a_1)$ and $invalidated(inv) = (ag_2,a_2)$ then $gen \preceq inv$.
     </li>
-       <li id="axiom34">
+       <li id="axiom35">
     If $actedFor(deleg) = (ag_2,ag_1,a)$ and $started(start) =
     (ag_1,e_1,a_1)$ and $ended(end) = (ag_2,e_2,a_2)$ then $start \preceq
     end$.
     </li>
-    
     </ol>
 </div>
 
@@ -1945,7 +1953,7 @@
   constraints hold in all structures.</p>
 
 <div class="remark">
-  <p> Axioms 21 and 22 do not require that invalidation events
+  <p> Axioms 22 and 23 do not require that invalidation events
   originating from an activity follow the activity's start
   event(s) or precede its end event(s).
   This is because
@@ -1974,7 +1982,10 @@
 For example, the functions $used, generated, invalidated, started,
 ended$ mapping events to their associated entities or activities, and
 $communicated, associatedWith, attributedTo, actedFor$ associating
-other types of influences with appropriate data.  On the other hand,
+other types of influences with appropriate data. 
+</p>
+  <p>
+  On the other hand,
 some features are more distinctive, and represent areas where formal
 modeling has been used to guide the development of PROV.  Derivation
 paths are one such distinctive feature; they correspond to an
@@ -2091,8 +2102,6 @@
 <ol>
 <li>[WF] $id$ denotes an entity $ent = \rho(id) \in Entities$
 </li>
-<li>There exists $gen,a$ such that $generated(gen) = (e,a)$.</li>
-<li>There exists $inv,a'$ such that $invalidated(inv) = (e,a)$.</li>
 <li>the attributes match: $match(W,ent, attrs)$.
 </li>
 </ol>
@@ -2500,11 +2509,11 @@
 <!--<li>$(ent_1,ent_2) \in SpecializationOf$.-->
   <li>The two entities present aspects of the same thing, that is, $thingOf(ent_1) = thingOf(ent_2)$.
 </li>
-<li>The lifetime of $ent_1$ is contained in that of $ent_2$, i.e. $lifetime(ent_1) \subseteq lifetime(ent_2)$.
+<li>The events of $ent_1$ is contained in that of $ent_2$, i.e. $events(ent_1) \subseteq events(ent_2)$.
 </li>
 <li>For each attribute $attr$ we have $value(ent_1,attr) \supseteq value(ent_2,attr)$.</li>
 <li>At least one of these inclusions is strict: that is, either
-  $lifetime(ent_1) \subsetneq lifetime(ent_2)$ or for some $attr$ we have
+  $events(ent_1) \subsetneq events(ent_2)$ or for some $attr$ we have
  $value(ent_1,attr) \supsetneq value(ent_2,attr)$.
 </li>
 </ol>
@@ -2516,14 +2525,14 @@
   <li>The two entities are different: $ent_1 \neq ent_2$.
   <li>The two Entities refer to the same Thing, that is, $thingOf(ent_1) = thingOf(ent_2)$.
 </li>
-<li>The lifetime of $ent_1$ is contained in that of $ent_2$, i.e. $lifetime(ent_1) \subseteq lifetime(ent_2)$.
+<li>The events of $ent_1$ is contained in that of $ent_2$, i.e. $events(ent_1) \subseteq events(ent_2)$.
 </li>
 <li>For each attribute $attr$ we have $value(ent_1,attr) \supseteq value(ent_2,attr)$.
 </li></ol>
 -->
 <p>The second criterion says that the two Entities present (possibly different) aspects of
 the same Thing. Note that the third criterion allows $ent_1$ and
-$ent_2$ to have the same lifetime (or that of $ent_2$ can be larger).
+$ent_2$ to have the same events (or that of $ent_2$ can be larger).
 The last criterion allows $ent_1$ to have more defined attributes than
 $ent_2$, but they must include the attributes defined by $ent_2$.  Two
   different entities that have the same attributes can also be related
@@ -2566,7 +2575,7 @@
   = \rho(c) \in Collections$ and $ent = \rho(e) \in Entities$.
 </li>
 <li>The entity $ent$ is a member of the collection $coll$: that is,
-$(ent,coll) \in MemberOf$.
+$(coll,ent) \in Contains$.
 </li></ol>
 </div>
 
@@ -2651,7 +2660,7 @@
       $\rho(c) \in Collections$.</li>
       <li>$W,\rho\models typeOf(c,EmptyCollection)$ holds if and only if
       $\rho(c) \in Collections$ and there is no $e \in Entities$ such
-    that $(e,\rho(c)) \in MemberOf$.</li>
+    that $(\rho(c),e) \in  Contains$.</li>
       </ol>
       
     </div>
@@ -2708,9 +2717,8 @@
 \end{array}$</div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p> This follows from the semantics of entity formulas, specifically
-  the requirement that generation and invalidation events exist for
-  the entity.</p>
+  <p> This follows from <a href="#axiom2">Axiom 2</a>, which
+  requires that generation and invalidation events exist for each entity.</p>
   </div>
 <div class="inference" number="8" id="activity-start-end-inference">$\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall a,t_1,t_2,attrs.~
@@ -2738,7 +2746,7 @@
 \end{array}$</div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom2">Axiom 2</a>.</p>
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom3">Axiom 3</a>.</p>
   </div>
 <div class="inference" number="10" id="wasEndedBy-inference">$\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,a,e_1,a_1,t,attrs.~
@@ -2750,7 +2758,7 @@
 \end{array}$</div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom3">Axiom 3</a>.</p>
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom4">Axiom 4</a>.</p>
   </div>
 <div class="inference" number="11"
   id="derivation-generation-use-inference">
@@ -2779,7 +2787,7 @@
 \end{array}$</div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p> This follows from the semantics of derivation steps (precise or
-  imprecise) and <a href="#axiom4">Axiom 4</a>.</p>
+  imprecise) and <a href="#axiom5">Axiom 5</a>.</p>
   </div>
 <div class="inference" number="13" id="attribution-inference">$\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall att,e,ag,attrs.~
@@ -2791,7 +2799,7 @@
 \end{array}$</div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p>This follows from the semantics of generation, association, and
-  attribution, by <a href="#axiom5">Axiom 5</a>.</p>
+  attribution, by <a href="#axiom6">Axiom 6</a>.</p>
   </div>
   
 <div class="inference" number="14" id="delegation-inference">$\begin{array}[t]{l}
@@ -2803,7 +2811,7 @@
 \exists id_1,pl_1,id_2,pl_2.~wasAssociatedWith(id_1,a,ag_1,pl_1,[]) \wedge wasAssociatedWith(id_2,a,ag_2,pl_2,[])
 \end{array}$</div>
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from the semantics of association and delegation, by <a href="#axiom6">Axiom 6</a>.</p>
+  <p>This follows from the semantics of association and delegation, by <a href="#axiom7">Axiom 7</a>.</p>
   </div>
 <div class="inference" number="15" id="influence-inference"><ol><li>$\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,e,a,t,attrs.~
@@ -2880,7 +2888,7 @@
 \end{array}$</li></ol></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows via <a href="#axiom7">Axioms 7</a> through <a href="#axiom16">16</a>.
+  <p>This follows via <a href="#axiom8">Axioms 8</a> through <a href="#axiom17">17</a>.
   </div>
 <div class="inference" number="16" id="alternate-reflexive">$\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall e.~
@@ -2935,8 +2943,8 @@
 <div class="proof">
   <p> Suppose the conditions for specialization hold of $ent_1$ and
   $ent_2$ and for $ent_2$ and $ent_3$, where $ent_1 = \rho(e_1)$ and $ent_2 = \rho(e_2)$ and $ent_3 =
-  \rho(e_3)$. Then $lifetime(e_1) \subseteq lifetime(e_2) \subseteq
-  lifetime(e_3)$.  Moreover, 
+  \rho(e_3)$. Then $events(e_1) \subseteq events(e_2) \subseteq
+  events(e_3)$.  Moreover, 
   $value(obj_2,attr) \supseteq value(obj_3,attr)$, and similarly
   $value(obj_1,attr)\supseteq value(obj_2,attr)$ so $value(obj_1,attr)
   \supseteq value(obj_3,attr)$.  Finally, at least one of the
@@ -2978,9 +2986,6 @@
   $e_2$ obviously denotes an entity, we can conclude $W,\rho \models entity(e_2,attrs)$.
   </p>
 </div>
-<div class="todo"> <p> How do we know $e_2$ has
-  generation/invalidation events?  May need axiom.</p>
-  </div>
 <section>
 <h2>Constraints</h2>
 <section>
@@ -3087,7 +3092,7 @@
 \end{array}$</div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p>
-  This follows from <a href="#axiom17">Axiom 17</a>.
+  This follows from <a href="#axiom18">Axiom 18</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 <div class="constraint" number="25" id="unique-invalidation">$\begin{array}[t]{l}
@@ -3100,7 +3105,7 @@
 \end{array}$</div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p>
-  This follows from <a href="#axiom17">Axiom 18</a>.
+  This follows from <a href="#axiom19">Axiom 19</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 <div class="constraint" number="26" id="unique-wasStartedBy">$\begin{array}[t]{l}
@@ -3113,7 +3118,7 @@
 \end{array}$</div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p>
-  This follows from <a href="#axiom17">Axiom 19</a>.
+  This follows from <a href="#axiom20">Axiom 20</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
@@ -3127,7 +3132,7 @@
 \end{array}$</div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p>
-  This follows from <a href="#axiom17">Axiom 20</a>.
+  This follows from <a href="#axiom21">Axiom 21</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 <div class="constraint" number="28" id="unique-startTime">$\begin{array}[t]{l}
@@ -3173,7 +3178,7 @@
 start \precedes end
 \end{array}$</div>
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom21">Axiom 21</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom22">Axiom 22</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
   
@@ -3186,7 +3191,7 @@
 start_1 \precedes start_2
 \end{array}$</div>
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom21">Axiom 21</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom22">Axiom 22</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
   
@@ -3219,8 +3224,8 @@
 use \precedes end
 \end{array}$</li></ol></div>
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>Part 1 follows from <a href="#axiom21">Axiom 21</a> and part 2
-  follows from <a href="#axiom22">Axiom 22</a>.
+  <p>Part 1 follows from <a href="#axiom22">Axiom 22</a> and part 2
+  follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 23</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
   
@@ -3240,8 +3245,8 @@
 gen \precedes end
 \end{array}$</li></ol></div>
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>Part 1 follows from <a href="#axiom21">Axiom 21</a> and part 2
-  follows from <a href="#axiom22">Axiom 22</a>.
+  <p>Part 1 follows from <a href="#axiom22">Axiom 22</a> and part 2
+  follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 23</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
   
@@ -3271,7 +3276,7 @@
 \end{array}$</div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom22">Axiom 22</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 23</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
@@ -3285,7 +3290,7 @@
 \end{array}$</div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 23</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
@@ -3299,7 +3304,7 @@
 \end{array}$</div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom25">Axiom 25</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
@@ -3313,7 +3318,7 @@
 \end{array}$</div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 23</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
@@ -3327,7 +3332,7 @@
 \end{array}$</div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom25">Axiom 25</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
@@ -3342,7 +3347,7 @@
 \end{array}$</div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom25">Axiom 25</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom26">Axiom 26</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
@@ -3356,7 +3361,7 @@
 \end{array}$</div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom25">Axiom 26</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom27">Axiom 27</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
@@ -3377,8 +3382,8 @@
 \end{array}$</li></ol></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>Part 1 follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 23</a>.  Part 2
-  follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a>.
+  <p>Part 1 follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a>.  Part 2
+  follows from <a href="#axiom25">Axiom 25</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
@@ -3399,8 +3404,8 @@
 \end{array}$</li></ol></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>Part 1 follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 23</a>.  Part 2
-  follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a>.
+  <p>Part 1 follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a>.  Part 2
+  follows from <a href="#axiom25">Axiom 25</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
@@ -3415,7 +3420,7 @@
 
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p> This follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 23</a> and the fact
+  <p> This follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a> and the fact
   that if $e_2$ specializes $e_1$ then all of the events of the $e_2$
   are events of $e_1$.  Thus, the generation of $e_1$ precedes all
   events of $e_2$.
@@ -3432,7 +3437,7 @@
 \end{array}$</div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p> This follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 24</a> and the fact
+  <p> This follows from <a href="#axiom25">Axiom 25</a> and the fact
   that if $e_2$ specializes $e_1$ then all of the events of the $e_2$
   are events of $e_1$.  Thus, the invalidation of $e_1$ follows all
   events of $e_2$.
@@ -3470,8 +3475,8 @@
 \end{array}$</li></ol></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>The four parts follow from <a href="#axiom27">Axiom 27</a> through
-  <a href="#axiom30">Axiom 30</a> respectively.
+  <p>The four parts follow from <a href="#axiom28">Axiom 28</a> through
+  <a href="#axiom31">Axiom 31</a> respectively.
   </p>
   </div>
 
@@ -3492,8 +3497,8 @@
 \end{array}$</li></ol></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>These properties follow from <a href="#axiom31">Axiom 31</a> and
-  <a href="#axiom32">Axiom 32</a>.
+  <p>These properties follow from <a href="#axiom32">Axiom 32</a> and
+  <a href="#axiom33">Axiom 33</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
@@ -3514,8 +3519,8 @@
 \end{array}$</li></ol></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>These properties follow from <a href="#axiom33">Axiom 33</a> and
-  <a href="#axiom34">Axiom 34</a>.
+  <p>These properties follow from <a href="#axiom34">Axiom 34</a> and
+  <a href="#axiom35">Axiom 35</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
@@ -3827,6 +3832,10 @@
   href="#structures">Section 3</a>, and finally verifying that the
   axioms hold.</p>
 
+  <p>First, without loss of generality, we assume that all times
+  specified in activity or event formulas in $I$ are ground values.
+  If not, set each variable in such a position to some dummy value.</p>
+
   <section>
 <h4>Sets</h4>
   <p> The sets of structure $M(I)$ are: </p>
@@ -3835,17 +3844,25 @@
   Entities &=& \{id \mid entity(id,attrs) \in I\}\\
   Plans &=& \{pl \mid wasAssociatedWith(id,ag,act,pl,attrs) \in I, pl
   \neq -\}\\
-  Collections &=& \{e \mid memberOf(e',e) \in I\} \\
+  Collections &=& \{e \mid hadMember(e',e) \in I\} \\
   &\cup& \{e \mid
   entity(e,attrs) \in I, prov:type=prov:emptyCollection \in attrs\}\\
   
   Activities &=& \{id \mid activity(id,attrs) \in I\}\\
+  &\cup& \{a_{id},a'_{id} \mid id \in Entities\}\\
   &\cup& \{a_{id} \mid wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs) \in I\}\\
   Agents &=& \{id \mid agent(id,attrs) \in I\}\\
   \\
   Usages &=&  \{id \mid used(id,a,e,t,attrs) \in I\}\\
-  &\cup& \{u_{id} \mid wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs) \in I\}\\  Generations &=&  \{id \mid wasGeneratedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in I\}\\
-  &\cup& \{g_{id} \mid wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs) \in I\}\\  Invalidations &=&  \{id \mid wasInvalidatedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in I\}\\
+  &\cup& \{u_{id} \mid wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs) \in
+  I\}\\
+  Generations &=&  \{id \mid wasGeneratedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in I\}\\
+  &\cup& \{g_{id} \mid wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs) \in
+  I\}\\
+ & \cup & \{g_{id} \mid id \in Entities\}\\
+   Invalidations &=&  \{id \mid wasInvalidatedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in
+  I\}\\
+  & \cup & \{i_{id} \mid id \in Entities\}\\
   Starts &=&  \{id \mid wasStartedBy(id,a,e,a',t,attrs) \in I\}\\
   Ends &=&  \{id \mid wasEndedBy(id,a,e,a',t,attrs) \in I\}\\
   Events &=& Usages \cup Generations \cup Invalidations \cup Starts
@@ -3905,8 +3922,8 @@
 &\cup& \{id \mid wasInvalidatedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in I\}\\
 &\cup& \{id \mid wasStartedBy(id,a,e,a',t,attrs) \in I\}\\
 &\cup& \{id \mid wasEndedBy(id,a,e,a',t,attrs) \in I\}\\
+&\cup& \{g_e,i_e\}\\
 events(e) &=& events'(e) \cup \bigcup_{specializationOf(e',e) \in I} events'(e')\\
-lifetime(e) &=& \{time(e) \mid evt \in events(e)\}\\
 value'(e,a) &=& \{v \mid entity(e,attrs) \in I, (a=v) \in attrs\}
 \quad (a \neq uniq)\\
 value'(e,uniq) &=&\{ uniq_{e}\}\\
@@ -3922,7 +3939,9 @@
 also define the set of all events involved in $e$ as the set of events
 immediately involved in $e$ or any specialization of $e$.  Similarly,
 the values of attributes of $e$ are those immediately declared for $e$
-along with those of any specialization.
+along with those of any specialization.  We also introduce dummy
+generation and invalidation events for each entity $e$, along with
+activities $a_e,a'_e$ to perform them.
 </p>
 <p> Similarly, for $Things$, we
 employ an auxiliary function $events:Things \to P(Events)$ that collects the set of all
@@ -3930,15 +3949,9 @@
 \[
 \begin{eqnarray*}
 events(T) &=& \bigcup_{e \in T} events(e)\\
-lifetime(e) &=& \{time(e) \mid evt \in events(T)\}\\
-value(T,a,t) &=& \bigcup_{e \in T, t \in lifetime(e)} value(e,a)\\
+value(T,a,evt) &=& \bigcup_{e \in T, evt \in events(e)} value(e,a)\\
 \end{eqnarray*}
 \]
-<div class="note">
-  <p> TODO: The above treatment of time/lifetime is flawed, as we are
-defining lifetimes to be sets of times, not intervals. What if
-  some of the times are symbolic?</p>
-  </div>
 
 <p> The functions $startTime$ and $endTime$ mapping activities to
   their start and end times is defined as follows:
@@ -3973,8 +3986,13 @@
   </p>
 \[\begin{eqnarray*}
   used(id) &=& (a,e) \text{ where } used(id,a,e,t,attrs) \in I\\
-  generated(id) &=&  (e,a) \text{ where } wasGeneratedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in I\\
+  used(u_{id}) &=& (a_{id},e_1) \text{ where } wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs) \in I\\
+  generated(id) &=&  (e,a) \text{ where }
+  wasGeneratedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in I\\
+ generated(g_{id}) &=& (e_2,a_{id}) \text{ where } wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs) \in I\\
+ generated(g_e) &=& (e,a_e) \text{ where } e \in Entities\\
   invalidated(id) &=& (e,a) \text{ where } wasInvalidatedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in I\\
+ invalidated(i_e) &=& (e,a'_e) \text{ where } e \in Entities\\
   started(id) &=& (a,e,a') \text{ where } wasStartedBy(id,a,e,a',t,attrs) \in I\\
   ended(id) &=& (a,e,a') \text{ where }wasEndedBy(id,a,e,a',t,attrs) \in I\\
  \\
@@ -4006,9 +4024,9 @@
   for the directed graph that is used during validation of $I$ to
   test for cycles amond event ordering constraints.  See Sec. 7.1 of PROV-CONSTRAINTS [[PROV-CONSTRAINTS]].</p>
 
-    <p> Finally, the collection membership relation $MemberOf$ is
+    <p> Finally, the collection membership relation $Contains$ is
     defined as follows:</p>
-    \[(e,c) \in MemberOf \iff memberOf(e,c) \in I\]
+    \[(c,e) \in Contains \iff hadMember(c,e) \in I\]
     
 </section>
     <section>
@@ -4024,47 +4042,53 @@
 <ol><li>
   Axiom 1 follows because $I$ is normalized with respect to Inference 6.
   </li>
+      <li> Axiom 2 follows from the construction, since we add dummy
+  generation and invalidation events for every entity.</li>
 <li>
-Axioms 2 and 3 follow because $I$ is normalized with respect to
+Axioms 3 and 4 follow because $I$ is normalized with respect to
   Inference 9 and 10 respectively.
-  </li><li>
-Axioms 5 and 6 follow because $I$ is normalized with respect to
+  </li>
+  <li>Axiom 5 follows because $I$ is normalized with respect to
+  Inference 12.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+  Axioms 6 and 7 follow because $I$ is normalized with respect to
   Inference 13 and 14 respectively.
   </li><li>
-Axioms 7 through 16 follow because $I$ is normalized with respect to
+Axioms 8 through 17 follow because $I$ is normalized with respect to
   Inference 15.
   </li><li>
-Axioms 17 through 20 follow because $I$ is normalized with respect to
+Axioms 18 through 21 follow because $I$ is normalized with respect to
   uniqueness constraints 24 through 27.
   </li><li>
-  Axiom 21 follows because constraints 30, 31, 33, 34 ensure that a
+  Axiom 22 follows because constraints 30, 31, 33, 34 ensure that a
   start event for an activity precedes any other start, end, usage or
   generation events involving that activity.
   </li>
   <li>
-  Axiom 22 follows because constraints 30, 32, 33, 34 ensure that an
+  Axiom 23 follows because constraints 30, 32, 33, 34 ensure that an
   end event for an activity follows any other events involving that activity.
   </li>
   <li>
-  Axiom 23 follows because constraints 34, 36, 37, 39 ensure that a
+  Axiom 24 follows because constraints 34, 36, 37, 39 ensure that a
   generation event for an entity precedes any other events involving that entity.
   </li>
   <li>
-  Axiom 24 follows because constraints 36, 38, 40, 43, 44 ensure that an
+  Axiom 25 follows because constraints 36, 38, 40, 43, 44 ensure that an
   invalidation event for an entity  follows any other generation,
   usage, or invalidation events involving
   that entity.
   </li>
-  <li>Axiom 25 follows from constraint 41.</li>
-  <li> Axiom 26 follows from constraint 42 and from the fact that the
+  <li>Axiom 26 follows from constraint 41.</li>
+  <li> Axiom 27 follows from constraint 42 and from the fact that the
   event ordering constraint graph $G_I$ associated with a valid
   instance $I$ cannot have any cycles involving a strict precedence
   edge.
   </li>
-  <li> Axioms 27 through 30 follow from Constraint 47.</li>
-  <li> Axioms 31 and 32 follow from Constraint 48.</li>
-  <li> Axioms 33 and 34 follow from Constraint 49.</li>
-    
+  <li> Axioms 28 through 31 follow from Constraint 47.</li>
+  <li> Axioms 32 and 33 follow from Constraint 48.</li>
+  <li> Axioms 34 and 35 follow from Constraint 49.</li>
+
   </ol>
   </section>
     
--- a/semantics/releases/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430/Overview.html	Fri Apr 05 17:00:28 2013 +0100
+++ b/semantics/releases/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430/Overview.html	Fri Apr 05 17:21:40 2013 +0100
@@ -735,51 +735,12 @@
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     margin-bottom:  0;
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-.note > p:first-child, .issue > p:first-child { margin-top: 0 }
-.issue, .note {
-    padding: .5em;
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-
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-.note {
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+</style><!--[if lt IE 9]><script src='http://www.w3.org/2008/site/js/html5shiv.js'></script><![endif]--></head> 
   <body><div id="MathJax_Message" style="display: none; "></div><div class="head">
   <p>
     
@@ -877,22 +838,22 @@
 This document is part of the PROV family of documents, a set of documents defining various aspects that are necessary to achieve the vision of inter-operable
 interchange of provenance information in heterogeneous environments such as the Web.  These documents are listed below. Please consult the [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-OVERVIEW">PROV-OVERVIEW</a></cite>] for a guide to reading these documents. 
 <ul>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-overview-20130312/">PROV-OVERVIEW</a> (To be published as Note), an overview of the PROV family of documents [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-OVERVIEW">PROV-OVERVIEW</a></cite>];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-primer-20130312/">PROV-PRIMER</a> (To be published as Note), a primer for the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-PRIMER">PROV-PRIMER</a></cite>];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-o-20130312/">PROV-O</a> (Proposed Recommendation), the PROV ontology, an OWL2 ontology allowing the mapping of PROV to RDF [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-O">PROV-O</a></cite>];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/">PROV-DM</a> (Proposed Recommendation), the PROV data model for provenance [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-n-20130312/">PROV-N</a> (Proposed Recommendation), a notation for provenance aimed at human consumption [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-N">PROV-N</a></cite>];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-constraints-20130312/">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a>
-(Proposed Recommendation), a set of constraints applying to the PROV
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/">PROV-OVERVIEW</a> (Note), an overview of the PROV family of documents [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-OVERVIEW">PROV-OVERVIEW</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/">PROV-PRIMER</a> (Note), a primer for the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-PRIMER">PROV-PRIMER</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/">PROV-O</a> (Recommendation), the PROV ontology, an OWL2 ontology allowing the mapping of PROV to RDF [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-O">PROV-O</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/">PROV-DM</a> (Recommendation), the PROV data model for provenance [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/">PROV-N</a> (Recommendation), a notation for provenance aimed at human consumption [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-N">PROV-N</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a>
+(Recommendation), a set of constraints applying to the PROV
 data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-xml-20130312/">PROV-XML</a> (To be published as Note),  an XML schema for the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-XML">PROV-XML</a></cite>];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-aq-20130312/">PROV-AQ</a> (To be published as Note), the mechanisms for accessing and querying provenance [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-AQ">PROV-AQ</a></cite>]; </li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-dictionary-20130312/">PROV-DICTIONARY</a> (To be published as Note) introduces a specific type of collection, consisting of key-entity pairs [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DICTIONARY">PROV-DICTIONARY</a></cite>];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-dc-20130312/">PROV-DC</a> (To be published as Note) provides a mapping between PROV and Dublic Core Terms [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DC">PROV-DC</a></cite>];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-sem-20130312/">PROV-SEM</a>
-(To be published as Note), a declarative specification in terms of
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/">PROV-XML</a> (Note),  an XML schema for the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-XML">PROV-XML</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/">PROV-AQ</a> (Note), the mechanisms for accessing and querying provenance [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-AQ">PROV-AQ</a></cite>]; </li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/">PROV-DICTIONARY</a> (Note) introduces a specific type of collection, consisting of key-entity pairs [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DICTIONARY">PROV-DICTIONARY</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/">PROV-DC</a> (Note) provides a mapping between PROV and Dublic Core Terms [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DC">PROV-DC</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430/">PROV-SEM</a>
+(Note), a declarative specification in terms of
 first-order logic of the PROV data model (this document);</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-links-20130312/">PROV-LINKS</a> (To be published as Note) introduces a mechanism to link across bundles [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-LINKS">PROV-LINKS</a></cite>].</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/">PROV-LINKS</a> (Note) introduces a mechanism to link across bundles [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-LINKS">PROV-LINKS</a></cite>].</li>
 </ul>
 
 
@@ -940,7 +901,7 @@
       
     
   
-</section><section id="toc"><h2 class="introductory">Table of Contents</h2><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#introduction" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#purpose" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.1 </span>Purpose of this document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#structure-of-this-document" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.2 </span>Structure of this document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#audience" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.3 </span> Audience </a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#basics" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2. </span> Basics </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#identifiers" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.1 </span> Identifiers </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#attributes-and-values" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.2 </span> Attributes and Values </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#times" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.3 </span> Times </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#formulas" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.4 </span>Atomic Formulas</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#first-order-formulas" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.5 </span>First-Order Formulas</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#structures" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3. </span> Structures and Interpretations </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#things-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1 </span> Things </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#objects-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2 </span> Objects </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#entities-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.1 </span> Entities </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#plans-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.1.1 </span> Plans </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#collections-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.1.2 </span>Collections</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#activities-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.2 </span> Activities </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#agents-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.3 </span> Agents </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#influences-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.4 </span> Influences </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#events-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.4.1 </span> Events </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#associations-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.4.2 </span> Associations </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#attributions-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.4.3 </span> Attributions </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#communications-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.4.4 </span>Communications</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#delegations-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.4.5 </span>Delegations</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#derivations-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.4.6 </span> Derivations </a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#additional-axioms" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3 </span>Additional axioms</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#putting-it-all-together" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.4 </span> Putting it all together </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#interpretations" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.5 </span> Interpretations </a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#semantics" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4. </span> Semantics </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#satisfaction" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.1 </span> Satisfaction </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#attribute-matching" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.2 </span> Attribute matching </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#semantics-of-element-formulas" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.3 </span> Semantics of Element Formulas </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#entity" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.3.1 </span> Entity </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#activity" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.3.2 </span> Activity </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#agent" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.3.3 </span> Agent </a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#semantics-of-relations" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4 </span> Semantics of Relations </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#generation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.1 </span> Generation </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#use" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.2 </span> Use </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#invalidation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.3 </span> Invalidation </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#association" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.4 </span> Association </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#start" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.5 </span> Start </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#end" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.6 </span> End </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#attribution" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.7 </span> Attribution </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#communication" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.8 </span>Communication</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#delegation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.9 </span> Delegation </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#derivation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.10 </span> Derivation </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#precise" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.10.1 </span> Precise </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#imprecise" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.10.2 </span> Imprecise </a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#influence" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.11 </span>Influence</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#specialization" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.12 </span> Specialization </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#alternate" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.13 </span> Alternate </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#membership" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.14 </span> Membership </a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#semantics-of-auxiliary-formulas" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.5 </span>Semantics of Auxiliary Formulas</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#precedes-and-strictly-precedes" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.5.1 </span>Precedes and Strictly Precedes</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#notnull" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.5.2 </span>notNull</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#typeof" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.5.3 </span>typeOf</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#theory" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5. </span> Inferences and Constraints </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#inferences" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.1 </span>Inferences</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#constraints" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.2 </span>Constraints</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#uniqueness-constraints" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.2.1 </span>Uniqueness constraints</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#ordering-constraints" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.2.2 </span>Ordering constraints</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#typing-constraints" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.2.3 </span>Typing constraints</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#impossibility-constraints" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.2.4 </span>Impossibility constraints</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#soundness-completeness" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">6. </span>Soundness and Completeness</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#soundness" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">6.1 </span>Soundness</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#completeness" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">6.2 </span>Weak Completeness</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#sets" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">6.2.1 </span>Sets</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#functions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">6.2.2 </span>Functions</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#relations" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">6.2.3 </span>Relations</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#axioms-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">6.2.4 </span>Axioms</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#main-results" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">6.2.5 </span>Main results</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#acknowledgements" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A. </span>Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B. </span>References</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#informative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B.1 </span>Informative references</a></li></ul></li></ul></section>
+</section><section id="toc"><h2 class="introductory">Table of Contents</h2><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#introduction" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#purpose" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.1 </span>Purpose of this document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#structure-of-this-document" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.2 </span>Structure of this document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#audience" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.3 </span> Audience </a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#basics" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2. </span> Basics </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#identifiers" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.1 </span> Identifiers </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#attributes-and-values" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.2 </span> Attributes and Values </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#times" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.3 </span> Times </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#formulas" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.4 </span>Atomic Formulas</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#first-order-formulas" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.5 </span>First-Order Formulas</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#structures" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3. </span> Structures and Interpretations </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#objects-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4. </span> Objects </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#entities-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.1 </span> Entities </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#plans-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.1.1 </span> Plans </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#collections-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.1.2 </span>Collections</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#activities-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.2 </span> Activities </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#agents-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.3 </span> Agents </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#influences-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4 </span> Influences </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#events-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.1 </span> Events </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#associations-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.2 </span> Associations </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#attributions-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.3 </span> Attributions </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#communications-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.4 </span>Communications</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#delegations-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.5 </span>Delegations</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#derivations-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4.4.6 </span> Derivations </a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#additional-axioms" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5. </span>Additional axioms</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#putting-it-all-together" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">6. </span> Putting it all together </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#interpretations" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">7. </span> Interpretations </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#semantics" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8. </span> Semantics </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#satisfaction" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.1 </span> Satisfaction </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#attribute-matching" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.2 </span> Attribute matching </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#semantics-of-element-formulas" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.3 </span> Semantics of Element Formulas </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#entity" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.3.1 </span> Entity </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#activity" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.3.2 </span> Activity </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#agent" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.3.3 </span> Agent </a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#semantics-of-relations" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.4 </span> Semantics of Relations </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#generation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.4.1 </span> Generation </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#use" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.4.2 </span> Use </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#invalidation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.4.3 </span> Invalidation </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#association" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.4.4 </span> Association </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#start" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.4.5 </span> Start </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#end" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.4.6 </span> End </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#attribution" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.4.7 </span> Attribution </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#communication" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.4.8 </span>Communication</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#delegation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.4.9 </span> Delegation </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#derivation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.4.10 </span> Derivation </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#precise" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.4.10.1 </span> Precise </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#imprecise" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.4.10.2 </span> Imprecise </a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#influence" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.4.11 </span>Influence</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#specialization" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.4.12 </span> Specialization </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#alternate" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.4.13 </span> Alternate </a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#membership" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.4.14 </span> Membership </a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#semantics-of-auxiliary-formulas" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.5 </span>Semantics of Auxiliary Formulas</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#precedes-and-strictly-precedes" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.5.1 </span>Precedes and Strictly Precedes</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#notnull" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.5.2 </span>notNull</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#typeof" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">8.5.3 </span>typeOf</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#theory" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">9. </span> Inferences and Constraints </a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#inferences" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">9.1 </span>Inferences</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#constraints" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">9.2 </span>Constraints</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#uniqueness-constraints" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">9.2.1 </span>Uniqueness constraints</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#ordering-constraints" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">9.2.2 </span>Ordering constraints</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#typing-constraints" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">9.2.3 </span>Typing constraints</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#impossibility-constraints" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">9.2.4 </span>Impossibility constraints</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#soundness-completeness" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">10. </span>Soundness and Completeness</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#soundness" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">10.1 </span>Soundness</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#completeness" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">10.2 </span>Weak Completeness</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#sets" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">10.2.1 </span>Sets</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#functions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">10.2.2 </span>Functions</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#relations" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">10.2.3 </span>Relations</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#axioms-1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">10.2.4 </span>Axioms</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#main-results" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">10.2.5 </span>Main results</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#acknowledgements" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A. </span>Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B. </span>References</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#informative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B.1 </span>Informative references</a></li></ul></li></ul></section>
 
 
 
@@ -1072,7 +1033,7 @@
 [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-N">PROV-N</a></cite>] notation.  In particular it assumes familiarity with the concepts
   from logic, and the relationship between PROV statements and
   instances and first-order formulas and theories, respectively,
-  presented in <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-constraints-20130312/#overview">Section 2.5</a> of PROV-CONSTRAINTS.
+  presented in <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#overview">Section 2.5</a> of PROV-CONSTRAINTS.
 </p>
 
   <p>This document may be useful to users of PROV who have a formal
@@ -1312,113 +1273,119 @@
 structure <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-32-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-32">W</script> are given in the rest of the section in
 <em>components</em>, highlighted in boxes.
 
-</p><div class="note"><div class="note-title"><span>Note</span></div><div class=""><p>TODO: Introduce Events</p></div></div>
-<section id="things-1">
-
-<h3><span class="secno">3.1 </span> Things </h3> 
-
-<p><em>Things</em>  is a set of things in the situation being modeled.  Each thing has a lifetime during which it exists and attributes whose values can change over time.
+
+
+</p><h2 id="things-1"> Things </h2> 
+
+<p><em>Things</em>  is a set of things in the situation being modeled.
+Each thing has an associates set of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-33-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-33">Events</script> and attributes whose
+values can change over time.  Different kinds of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-34-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-34">Events</script> are specified further below.
 </p>
-<p>To model this, a structure <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-33-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-33">W</script> includes:
+<p>To model this, a structure <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-35-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-35">W</script> includes:
 </p>
 <div class="component" id="things" data-count="1" data-title="Component 1 (things)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#things">Component 1 (things)</a></div><ol>
-  <li> a set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-34-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-34">Things</script> of things</li>
-  <li> a function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-35-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-35">lifetime : Things \to P(Times)</script> from things to
-  sets of time instants.</li>
-  <li>a function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-36-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>V</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-36">value : Things \times Attributes \times Times \to P(Values)</script>
+  <li> a set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-36-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-36">Things</script> of things</li>
+  <li> a set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-37-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-37">Events</script> of events</li>
+  <li> a function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-38-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-38">events : Things \to P(Events)</script> from things to
+  sets of events.</li>
+  <li>a function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-39-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>V</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-39">value : Things \times Attributes \times Events \to
+  P(Values)</script> giving the possible values of each attribute of a
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-40-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-40">Thing</script> at the instant of a given event.
 </li>
-</ol>
+<li>Attributes are only defined during the events of a thing, that
+is, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-41-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">≠</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-41">value(T,a,evt) \neq \emptyset</script> implies <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-42-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-42">evt \in events(T)</script>.
+</li></ol>
 </div>
 <p>
-The range of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-37-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-37">value</script> is the set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-38-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>V</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-38">P(Values)</script>, indicating that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-39-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-39">value</script>
-is essentially a multi-valued function that returns a set of values (possibly empty).    When <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-40-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-40">value(x,a,t) =
-\emptyset</script>, we say that attribute <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-41-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-41">a</script> is undefined for <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-42-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-42">x</script> at time <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-43-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-43">t</script>.</p>
+The range of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-43-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-43">value</script> is the set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-44-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>V</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-44">P(Values)</script>, indicating that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-45-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-45">value</script>
+is essentially a multi-valued function that returns a set of values (possibly empty).    When <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-46-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-46">value(x,a,evt) =
+\emptyset</script>, we say that attribute <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-47-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-47">a</script> is undefined for <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-48-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-48">x</script> at event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-49-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-49">evt</script>.</p>
 
 <p>Note that this description does not say what the structure of a
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-44-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-44">Thing</script> is, only how it may be described in terms of its lifetime
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-50-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-50">Thing</script> is, only how it may be described in terms of its events
 and attribute values.  A thing could be a record of fixed
 attribute values; it could be a bear; it could be the Royal Society;
-it could be a transcendental number like <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-45-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">π</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-45">\pi</script>.  All that matters from
-our point of view is that we know how to map the <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-46-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-46">Thing</script> to its lifetime and attribute mapping.
+it could be a transcendental number like <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-51-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">π</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-51">\pi</script>.  All that matters from
+our point of view is that we know how to map the <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-52-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-52">Thing</script> to its events and attribute mapping.
 </p>
 
 
 <p>The identity of a Thing is not observable through its attributes or
-lifetime, so it is possible for two different <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-47-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-47">Things</script> to be indistinguishable by their
-attribute values and lifetime.  That is, if the set of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-48-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-48">Things = \{T_0,T_1\}</script> and the attributes are
-specified as <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-49-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-49">value(T_0,a,t) = value(T_1,a,t)</script> for each <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-50-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-50">t\in
-Times</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-51-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-51">a \in Attributes</script>, this does not imply that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-52-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-52">T_0 = T_1</script>.
+events, so it is possible for two different <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-53-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-53">Things</script> to be indistinguishable by their
+attribute values and events.  That is, if the set of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-54-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-54">Things = \{T_0,T_1\}</script> and the attributes are
+specified as <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-55-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-55">value(T_0,a,evt) = value(T_1,a,evt)</script> for each <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-56-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-56">evt\in
+Events</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-57-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-57">a \in Attributes</script>, this does not imply that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-58-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-58">T_0 = T_1</script>.
 </p>
 
 
 </section>
 
 <section id="objects-1">
-<h3><span class="secno">3.2 </span> Objects </h3>
-
-
-<p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-53-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-53">Things</script> are things in the world that have attributes that
-  can change over time.  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-54-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-54">Things</script> may not have distinguishing features
+<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">4. </span> Objects </h2>
+
+
+<p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-59-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-59">Things</script> are things in the world that have attributes that
+  can change over time.  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-60-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-60">Things</script> may not have distinguishing features
   that are readily observable and permanent.  In PROV, we do not talk
-  explicitly about <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-55-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-55">Things</script>, but instead we talk about various objects
+  explicitly about <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-61-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-61">Things</script>, but instead we talk about various objects
   that have discrete, fixed features,  and relationships among these
-  objects. Some objects, called <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-56-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-56">Entities</script>, are associated with
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-57-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-57">Things</script>, and their fixed attributes need to match those of the
-  associated <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-58-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-58">Thing</script> during their common lifetime.  Others correspond
+  objects. Some objects, called <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-62-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-62">Entities</script>, are associated with
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-63-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-63">Things</script>, and their fixed attributes need to match those of the
+  associated <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-64-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-64">Thing</script> during their common events.  Others correspond
   to agents, activities, or identifiable interactions among them.</p>  
 
-<p>In this section, we detail the different subsets of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-59-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-59">Objects</script>, and
+<p>In this section, we detail the different subsets of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-65-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-65">Objects</script>, and
 give disjointness constraints and associated functions.  Generally, these constraints are necessary to validate
 disjointness constraints from PROV-CONSTRAINTS [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>].
 </p>
 
 <p>
-An <em>Object</em> is described by a time interval and attributes with
+An <em>Object</em> is described by a set of events and attributes with
 fixed values.  Objects encompass entities, activities, agents, and
 interactions (i.e., usage, generation, and other events or influence relations).
 To model this, a structure includes:
 </p>
 
 <div class="component" id="objects" data-count="2" data-title="Component 2 (objects)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#objects">Component 2 (objects)</a></div>
-  <ol><li> a set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-60-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-60">Objects</script> 
-</li><li> a function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-61-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-61">lifetime : Objects \to P(Times)</script> from objects to time intervals
-</li><li> a function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-62-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>V</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-62">value : Objects \times Attributes \to P(Values)</script>
+  <ol><li> a set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-66-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-66">Objects</script> 
+</li><li> a function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-67-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-67">events : Objects \to P(Events)</script> from objects
+  to associated sets of events.
+</li><li> a function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-68-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>V</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-68">value : Objects \times Attributes \to P(Values)</script>.
 </li></ol>
 </div>
 
-<p>Intuitively, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-63-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-63">lifetime(e)</script> is the time interval during which object
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-64-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-64">e</script> exists.  The set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-65-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-65">value(e,a)</script> is the set of values of attribute <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-66-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-66">a</script> during the object's lifetime.
+<p>Intuitively, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-69-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-69">events(e)</script> is the set of events in which <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-70-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-70">e</script> participated.  The set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-71-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-71">value(e,a)</script> is the set of values of attribute <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-72-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-72">a</script> during the object's events.
 </p>
 
-<p>As with <em>Things</em>, the range of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-67-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-67">value</script> is sets of values,
-making <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-68-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-68">value</script> effectively a multivalued function.  It is also
+<p>As with <em>Things</em>, the range of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-73-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-73">value</script> is sets of values,
+making <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-74-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-74">value</script> effectively a multivalued function.  It is also
 possible to have two different objects that are indistinguishable by
 their attributes and time intervals.  Objects are not things, and the
-sets of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-69-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-69">Objects</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-70-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-70">Things</script> are disjoint; however, certain objects,
+sets of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-75-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-75">Objects</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-76-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-76">Things</script> are disjoint; however, certain objects,
 namely entities, are associated with things.
 </p>
 
 <div class="remark">
   <p>
-  Disjointness between <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-71-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-71">Objects</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-72-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-72">Things</script> is not necessary but is
+  Disjointness between <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-77-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-77">Objects</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-78-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-78">Things</script> is not necessary but is
   assumed in order to avoid confusion between the different categories
-  (time-varying <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-73-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-73">Things</script> vs fixed <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-74-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-74">Objects</script>).
+  (time-varying <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-79-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-79">Things</script> vs fixed <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-80-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-80">Objects</script>).
   </p>
   </div>
   
 <section id="entities-1">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.2.1 </span> Entities </h4>
+<h3><span class="secno">4.1 </span> Entities </h3>
 
 <p>An <em>entity</em> is a kind of object that fixes some aspects of a
   thing. We assume:</p>
 
 <div class="component" id="entities" data-count="3" data-title="Component 3 (entities)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#entities">Component 3 (entities)</a></div>
-  <ol><li> a set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-75-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-75">Entities \subseteq Objects</script> of entities, disjoint from <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-76-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-76">Activities</script> below.
-</li><li> a function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-77-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-77">thingOf : Entities \to Things</script> that associates
-  each <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-78-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-78">Entity</script> <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-79-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-79">e</script> with a <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-80-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-80">Thing</script>, such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-81-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-81">lifetime(e) \subseteq
-  lifetime(thingOf(e))</script> and for each <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-82-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-82">t \in
-  lifetime(e)</script> and for each attribute <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-83-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-83">a</script> we have <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-84-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-84">value(e,a)
-  \subseteq value(thingOf(e),a,t)</script>
+  <ol><li> a set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-81-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-81">Entities \subseteq Objects</script> of entities, disjoint from <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-82-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-82">Activities</script> below.
+</li><li> a function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-83-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-83">thingOf : Entities \to Things</script> that associates
+  each <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-84-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-84">Entity</script> <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-85-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-85">e</script> with a <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-86-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-86">Thing</script>, such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-87-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-87">events(e) \subseteq
+  events(thingOf(e))</script> and for each <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-88-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-88">evt \in
+  events(e)</script> and for each attribute <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-89-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-89">a</script> we have <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-90-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-90">value(e,a)
+  \subseteq value(thingOf(e),a,evt)</script>.  
 </li>
 <!--<li>a relation $SpecializationOf \subseteq Entities \times Entities$
   that is irreflexive and transitive.  Furthermore, if $(e_1,e_2) \in
@@ -1426,7 +1393,7 @@
 <ol><li>
   $thingOf(e_1) = thingOf(e_2)$
   </li>
-  <li>$lifetime(e_1) \subseteq lifetime(e_2)$</li>
+  <li>$events(e_1) \subseteq events(e_2)$</li>
   <li>For each attribute $attr$ we have $value(e_1,attr) \supseteq
   value(e_2,attr)$.</li>
   </ol></li>
@@ -1437,65 +1404,65 @@
 
 <div class="remark"><p> Although both entities and things can have
   undefined or multiple attribute values, their meaning is slightly
-  different: for a thing, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-85-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-85">value(x,a,t) = \emptyset</script> means that the
-  attribute <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-86-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-86">a</script> has no value at time <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-87-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-87">t</script>, whereas for an entity,
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-88-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-88">value(x,a) = \emptyset</script> only means that the thing associated to
-  entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-89-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-89">x</script> need not have a
-  fixed value for <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-90-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-90">a</script> during the lifetime of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-91-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-91">x</script>.  This does not imply
-  that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-92-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-92">value(thingOf(e),a,t) = \emptyset</script> when <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-93-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-93">t \in lifetime(e)</script>.
+  different: for a thing, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-91-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-91">value(x,a,evt) = \emptyset</script> means that the
+  attribute <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-92-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-92">a</script> has no value at event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-93-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-93">evt</script>, whereas for an entity,
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-94-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-94">value(x,a) = \emptyset</script> only means that the thing associated to
+  entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-95-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-95">x</script> need not have a
+  fixed value for <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-96-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-96">a</script> during the events of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-97-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-97">x</script>.  This does not imply
+  that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-98-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-98">value(thingOf(e),a,evt) = \emptyset</script> when <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-99-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-99">evt \in events(e)</script>.
   </p>
 
   <p>Furthermore, all of the attribute values of the entity must
-  be present in the associated thing throughout the lifetime of the
-  entity.  For example, suppose <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-94-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-94">value(thingOf(e),a,t)</script> is <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-95-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>1</mn><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-95">\{1\}</script> at
-  some time in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-96-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-96">lifetime(e)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-97-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>2</mn><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-97">value(thingOf(e),a,t') = \{2\}</script> at
-  some other time <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-98-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-98">t'</script>.  Then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-99-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-99">value(e,a)</script> must be <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-100-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-100">\emptyset</script> because
+  be present in the associated thing throughout the events of the
+  entity.  For example, suppose <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-100-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-100">value(thingOf(e),a,evt)</script> is <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-101-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>1</mn><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-101">\{1\}</script> at
+  some event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-102-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-102"> evt \in events(e)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-103-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>2</mn><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-103">value(thingOf(e),a,evt') = \{2\}</script> at
+  some other event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-104-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-104">evt'</script>.  Then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-105-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-105">value(e,a)</script> must be <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-106-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-106">\emptyset</script> because
   there is no other set of values that is simultaneously contained in
-  both <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-101-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>1</mn><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-101">\{1\}</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-102-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>2</mn><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-102">\{2\}</script>.  </p> </div>
+  both <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-107-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>1</mn><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-107">\{1\}</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-108-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>2</mn><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-108">\{2\}</script>.  </p> </div>
 
 
 
 <div class="remark">
   <p>
-  In the above description of how <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-103-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-103">Entities</script> relate to <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-104-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-104">Things</script>, we
-  require  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-105-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-105">value(e,a) \subseteq
-  value(thingOf(e),a,t)</script> whenever <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-106-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-106">t \in lifetime(e)</script>.  Intuitively, this means that if we are
-  talking about a <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-107-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-107">Thing</script> indirectly by describing an <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-108-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-108">Entity</script>, then
-  any attributes we ascribe to the <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-109-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-109">Entity</script> must also describe the
-  associated <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-110-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-110">Thing</script> during their common lifetime.  Attributes of both
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-111-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-111">Entities</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-112-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-112">Things</script> are multi-valued, so there is no
+  In the above description of how <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-109-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-109">Entities</script> relate to <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-110-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-110">Things</script>, we
+  require  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-111-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-111">value(e,a) \subseteq
+  value(thingOf(e),a,evt)</script> whenever <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-112-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-112">evt \in events(e)</script>.  Intuitively, this means that if we are
+  talking about a <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-113-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-113">Thing</script> indirectly by describing an <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-114-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-114">Entity</script>, then
+  any attributes we ascribe to the <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-115-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-115">Entity</script> must also describe the
+  associated <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-116-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-116">Thing</script> during their common events.  Attributes of both
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-117-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-117">Entities</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-118-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-118">Things</script> are multi-valued, so there is no
   inconsistency in saying that an entity has two different values for
   some attribute.  In some
   situations, further uniqueness constraints or range constraints
   could be imposed on attributes.
   </p>
-  <p>Only <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-113-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-113">Entities</script> are associated with <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-114-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-114">Things</script>, and this
+  <p>Only <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-119-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-119">Entities</script> are associated with <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-120-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-120">Things</script>, and this
   association is
-  necessary to provide an interpretation for the <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-115-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-115">alternateOf</script> and
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-116-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-116">specializationOf</script> relations.  It might also make sense
-  to associate <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-117-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-117">Agents</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-118-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-118">Activities</script>, and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-119-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-119">Interactions</script> with
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-120-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-120">Things</script>, or with some other structures; however, this is not
+  necessary to provide an interpretation for the <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-121-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-121">alternateOf</script> and
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-122-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-122">specializationOf</script> relations.  It might also make sense
+  to associate <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-123-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-123">Agents</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-124-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-124">Activities</script>, and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-125-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-125">Interactions</script> with
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-126-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-126">Things</script>, or with some other structures; however, this is not
   necessary to model any of the current features of PROV, so in the
   interest of simplicity we do not do this.
   </p>
   </div>
   
 <section id="plans-1">  
-<h5><span class="secno">3.2.1.1 </span> Plans </h5>
+<h4><span class="secno">4.1.1 </span> Plans </h4>
 <p>We identify a specific subset of the entities called
   <em>plans</em>:</p>
 <div class="component" id="plans" data-count="4" data-title="Component 4 (plans)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#plans">Component 4 (plans)</a></div>
- <p> A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-121-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>P</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-121">Plans \subseteq Entities</script> of plans.</p>
+ <p> A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-127-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>P</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-127">Plans \subseteq Entities</script> of plans.</p>
   </div>
 </section>
 
 <section id="collections-1">
-  <h5><span class="secno">3.2.1.2 </span>Collections</h5>
+  <h4><span class="secno">4.1.2 </span>Collections</h4>
   <p>We identify another specific subset of the entities called
   <em>collections</em>, with the following associated structure:</p>
   <div class="component" id="collections" data-count="5" data-title="Component 5 (collections)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#collections">Component 5 (collections)</a></div>
-    <ul><li>A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-122-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-122">Collections \subseteq Entities</script></li>
-    <li>A membership relation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-123-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-123">MemberOf\subseteq Entities \times Collections</script>
+    <ul><li>A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-128-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-128">Collections \subseteq Entities</script></li>
+    <li>A membership relation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-129-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-129">Contains\subseteq Collections \times Entities</script>
   indicating when an entity is a member of another (collection)
   entity.</li>
   </ul>
@@ -1504,22 +1471,22 @@
   </section>
 
     <section id="activities-1">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.2.2 </span> Activities </h4>
+<h3><span class="secno">4.2 </span> Activities </h3>
 
 
 <p>An <em>activity</em> is an object that encompasses a set of events.  We introduce:
 </p>
 <div class="component" id="activities" data-count="6" data-title="Component 6 (activities)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#activities">Component 6 (activities)</a></div>
-  <ol><li>A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-124-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-124">Activities \subseteq Objects</script> of activities.</li>
-  <li>Functions <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-125-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-125">startTime : Activities \to Times</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-126-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-126">endTime
+  <ol><li>A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-130-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-130">Activities \subseteq Objects</script> of activities.</li>
+  <li>Functions <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-131-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-131">startTime : Activities \to Times</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-132-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-132">endTime
   :Activities \to Times</script> giving the start and end time of each activity.</li>
-  <li> Activities are disjoint from Entities: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-127-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∩</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-127">Entities\cap Activities
+  <li> Activities are disjoint from Entities: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-133-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∩</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-133">Entities\cap Activities
   = \emptyset</script>.</li>
   </ol>
 </div></section>
   
   <section id="agents-1">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.2.3 </span> Agents </h4>
+<h3><span class="secno">4.3 </span> Agents </h3>
 
 <p>An agent is an object that can act, by controlling, starting,
   ending, or participating in activities.  An agent is something that
@@ -1530,7 +1497,7 @@
   entities and activities are disjoint.  We introduce:
 </p>
 <div class="component" id="agents" data-count="7" data-title="Component 7 (agents)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#agents">Component 7 (agents)</a></div>
-  <p>A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-128-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-128">Agents \subseteq Objects</script> of agents.</p>
+  <p>A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-134-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-134">Agents \subseteq Objects</script> of agents.</p>
   </div>
   <div class="remark">
     <p>There is no requirement that every agent is either an activity
@@ -1539,157 +1506,156 @@
 
 
 <section id="influences-1">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.2.4 </span> Influences </h4>
-
-<p>We consider a set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-129-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-129">Influences \subseteq Objects</script> which has disjoint
+<h3><span class="secno">4.4 </span> Influences </h3>
+
+<p>We consider a set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-135-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-135">Influences \subseteq Objects</script> which has disjoint
   subsets
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-130-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-130">Events</script> connecting entities and activities,
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-131-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-131">Associations</script> between agents and activities,
-    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-132-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-132">Attributions</script> between entities and agents,
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-133-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-133">Communications</script> between pairs of activities,
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-134-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-134">Delegations</script> between pairs of agents, and
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-135-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-135">Derivations</script> that describe chains of generation and usage
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-136-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-136">Events</script> connecting entities and activities,
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-137-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-137">Associations</script> between agents and activities,
+    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-138-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-138">Attributions</script> between entities and agents,
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-139-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-139">Communications</script> between pairs of activities,
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-140-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-140">Delegations</script> between pairs of agents, and
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-141-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-141">Derivations</script> that describe chains of generation and usage
   steps.  These kinds of influences are discussed further below.  Influences are disjoint from entities, activities and agents.
 </p>
 <div class="component" id="influences" data-count="8" data-title="Component 8 (influences)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#influences">Component 8 (influences)</a></div>
-  <ol><li> A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-136-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-136">Influences = Events \cup Associations \cup
+  <ol><li> A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-142-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-142">Influences = Events \cup Associations \cup
   Communications \cup Delegations \cup Derivations \subseteq Objects</script>
 </li>
-<li> The sets <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-137-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-137">Events</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-138-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-138">Associations</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-139-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-139">Communications</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-140-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-140">Delegations</script>
-  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-141-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-141">Derivations</script> are all pairwise disjoint.
+<li> The sets <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-143-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-143">Events</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-144-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-144">Associations</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-145-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-145">Communications</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-146-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-146">Delegations</script>
+  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-147-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-147">Derivations</script> are all pairwise disjoint.
 </li><li> Influences are disjoint from entities, agents and
-activities:  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-142-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∩</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-142">Influences \cap (Entities \cup Activities \cup Agents) = \emptyset</script>
+activities:  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-148-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∩</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-148">Influences \cap (Entities \cup Activities \cup Agents) = \emptyset</script>
 </li>
-<li>An associated function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-143-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-143">influenced : Influences \to
+<li>An associated function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-149-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-149">influenced : Influences \to
   Objects \times Objects</script> giving the source and target of each influence.</li>
 </ol>
 </div>
 
 
 <section id="events-1">
-<h5><span class="secno">3.2.4.1 </span> Events </h5>
-
-<p>An <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-144-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-144">Event</script> is an influence whose lifetime is a single time
+<h4><span class="secno">4.4.1 </span> Events </h4>
+
+<p>An <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-150-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-150">Event</script> is an influence whose events is a single time
 instant, and relates an activity to an entity (which could be an
 agent).  Events have types including usage, generation, invalidation, starting and ending.  Events are instantaneous.  We introduce:
 </p>
 <div class="component" id="events" data-count="9" data-title="Component 9 (events)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#events">Component 9 (events)</a></div>
-<ol><li> A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-145-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-145">Events \subseteq Influences</script> of events, partitioned
-  into disjoint subsets <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-146-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-146">Starts, Ends, Generations, Usages,
+<ol><li> A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-151-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-151">Events \subseteq Influences</script> of events, partitioned
+  into disjoint subsets <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-152-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-152">Starts, Ends, Generations, Usages,
   Invalidations</script>.
-</li><li> A function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-147-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-147">time : Events \to Times</script> giving the time of each
-event, such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-148-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-148">lifetime(evt) = \{time(evt)\}</script>.
+</li><li> A function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-153-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-153">time : Events \to Times</script>.
 </li>
-<li> A quasi-ordering on events <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-149-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">⪯⊂</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-149">\preceq \subset Events \times
-Events</script>.  We write <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-150-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">≺</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-150">e \prec e'</script> when <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-151-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-151">e \preceq e'</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-152-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">⪯̸</mo><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-152">e'
+<li> A quasi-ordering on events <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-154-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">⪯⊂</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-154">\preceq \subset Events \times
+Events</script>.  We write <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-155-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">≺</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-155">e \prec e'</script> when <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-156-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-156">e \preceq e'</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-157-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">⪯̸</mo><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-157">e'
 \not\preceq e</script> hold.
 </li>
-<li>A function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-153-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-153">started : Starts \to Activities \times Entities \times Activities</script>.
-</li>
-<li>A function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-154-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-154">ended : Ends \to Activities \times Entities \times Activities</script>.
+<li>A function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-158-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-158">started : Starts \to Activities \times Entities \times Activities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>A function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-155-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-155">used : Usages \to Activities \times Entities</script>.
+<li>A function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-159-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-159">ended : Ends \to Activities \times Entities \times Activities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>A function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-156-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-156">generated : Generations \to Entities \times Activities</script>.
+<li>A function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-160-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-160">used : Usages \to Activities \times Entities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>A function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-157-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-157">invalidated : Invalidations \to Entities \times Activities</script>.
+<li>A function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-161-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-161">generated : Generations \to Entities \times Activities</script>.
+</li>
+<li>A function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-162-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-162">invalidated : Invalidations \to Entities \times Activities</script>.
 </li>
 </ol>
 </div>
 </section>
 <section id="associations-1">
 
-<h5><span class="secno">3.2.4.2 </span> Associations </h5>
-
-<p>An <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-158-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-158">Association</script> is an influence relating an agent to an activity
+<h4><span class="secno">4.4.2 </span> Associations </h4>
+
+<p>An <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-163-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-163">Association</script> is an influence relating an agent to an activity
 and optional plan.  To model associations, we introduce:
 </p>
 <div class="component" id="associations" data-count="10" data-title="Component 10 (associations)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#associations">Component 10 (associations)</a></div>
-  <p>A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-159-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-159">Associations \subseteq Influences</script> with associated
-  function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-160-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>P</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">⊥</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-160">associatedWith : Associations \to  Agents \times Activities \times Plans_\bot</script>.
+  <p>A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-164-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-164">Associations \subseteq Influences</script> with associated
+  function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-165-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>P</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">⊥</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-165">associatedWith : Associations \to  Agents \times Activities \times Plans_\bot</script>.
 </p>
   </div>
   </section>
 <section id="attributions-1">
 
-<h5><span class="secno">3.2.4.3 </span> Attributions </h5>
-
-<p>An <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-161-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-161">Attribution</script> is an influence relating an entity to an agent.  To model attributions, we introduce:
+<h4><span class="secno">4.4.3 </span> Attributions </h4>
+
+<p>An <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-166-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-166">Attribution</script> is an influence relating an entity to an agent.  To model attributions, we introduce:
 </p>
 <div class="component" id="attributions" data-count="11" data-title="Component 11 (attributions)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#attributions">Component 11 (attributions)</a></div>
-  <p>A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-162-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-162">Attributions \subseteq Influences</script> with associated
-  function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-163-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-163">attributedTo : Attributions \to Entities \times Agents</script>.
+  <p>A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-167-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-167">Attributions \subseteq Influences</script> with associated
+  function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-168-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-168">attributedTo : Attributions \to Entities \times Agents</script>.
 </p>
   </div>
   
 </section>
   <section id="communications-1">
-  <h5><span class="secno">3.2.4.4 </span>Communications</h5>
-  <p>A <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-164-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-164">Communication</script> is an influence indicating exchange of
+  <h4><span class="secno">4.4.4 </span>Communications</h4>
+  <p>A <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-169-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-169">Communication</script> is an influence indicating exchange of
   information between activities.  To model communications, we introduce:
 </p>
 <div class="component" id="communications" data-count="12" data-title="Component 12 (communications)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#communications">Component 12 (communications)</a></div>
-  <p>A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-165-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-165">Communications \subseteq Influences</script> with associated
-  function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-166-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-166">communicated : Communications \to Activities \times Activities</script>.
+  <p>A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-170-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-170">Communications \subseteq Influences</script> with associated
+  function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-171-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-171">communicated : Communications \to Activities \times Activities</script>.
 </p>
   </div>
   
 
 </section>
   <section id="delegations-1">
-  <h5><span class="secno">3.2.4.5 </span>Delegations</h5>
-<p>A <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-167-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-167">Delegation</script> is an influence relating  two agents.  To
+  <h4><span class="secno">4.4.5 </span>Delegations</h4>
+<p>A <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-172-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-172">Delegation</script> is an influence relating  two agents.  To
   model delegations, we introduce:
 </p>
 <div class="component" id="delegations" data-count="13" data-title="Component 13 (delegations)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#delegations">Component 13 (delegations)</a></div>
-  <p>A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-168-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-168">Delegations \subseteq Influences</script> and associated function
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-169-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-169">actedFor : Delegations \to Agents \times Agents \times Activities</script>
+  <p>A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-173-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-173">Delegations \subseteq Influences</script> and associated function
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-174-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">×</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-174">actedFor : Delegations \to Agents \times Agents \times Activities</script>
 </p>
   </div>
   
 </section>
   <section id="derivations-1">
   
-  <h5><span class="secno">3.2.4.6 </span> Derivations </h5>
-
-<p>A <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-170-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-170">Derivation</script> is an influence chaining one or more
+  <h4><span class="secno">4.4.6 </span> Derivations </h4>
+
+<p>A <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-175-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-175">Derivation</script> is an influence chaining one or more
   generation and use steps.  To model derivations, we introduce an
   auxiliary notion of <em>derivation path</em>.  These paths are of the form </p>
 
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-171-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mo>.</mo><mo>.</mo><mo>.</mo><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-171">ent_n\cdot g_n\cdot  act_n\cdot  u_n\cdot  ent_{n-1}\cdot  ...\cdot
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-176-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mo>.</mo><mo>.</mo><mo>.</mo><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-176">ent_n\cdot g_n\cdot  act_n\cdot  u_n\cdot  ent_{n-1}\cdot  ...\cdot
 ent_1\cdot  g_1\cdot  act_1\cdot  u_1\cdot  ent_0</script>
 
-<p>where the <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-172-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-172">ent_i</script> are entities, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-173-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-173">act_i</script> are activities, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-174-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>g</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-174">g_i</script> are generations, and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-175-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-175">u_i</script> are usages.
+<p>where the <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-177-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-177">ent_i</script> are entities, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-178-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-178">act_i</script> are activities, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-179-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>g</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-179">g_i</script> are generations, and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-180-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-180">u_i</script> are usages.
 </p>
 <p>Formally, we consider the (regular) language:
 </p>
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-176-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">+</mo></msup></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-176">DerivationPaths = Entities \cdot (Generations \cdot Activities \cdot
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-181-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">+</mo></msup></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-181">DerivationPaths = Entities \cdot (Generations \cdot Activities \cdot
 Usages \cdot Entities)^+</script>
 <p>with the constraints that for each derivation path:
 </p>
 <ul>
-<li>for each substring <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-177-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-177">ent\cdot g \cdot act</script> we have <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-178-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-178">generated(g) = (ent,act)</script>, and
+<li>for each substring <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-182-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-182">ent\cdot g \cdot act</script> we have <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-183-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-183">generated(g) = (ent,act)</script>, and
 </li>
-<li>for each substring <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-179-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-179">act \cdot u \cdot ent</script> we have <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-180-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-180">used(u) = (act,ent)</script>.
+<li>for each substring <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-184-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-184">act \cdot u \cdot ent</script> we have <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-185-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-185">used(u) = (act,ent)</script>.
 </li>
 </ul>
 
 
 <div class="component" id="derivations" data-count="14" data-title="Component 14 (derivations)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#derivations">Component 14 (derivations)</a></div>
-<p>  A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-181-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-181">Derivations \subseteq Influences</script> with an associated
-  function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-182-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-182">derivationPath : Derivations \to
+<p>  A set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-186-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-186">Derivations \subseteq Influences</script> with an associated
+  function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-187-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-187">derivationPath : Derivations \to
 DerivationPaths</script>  linking each derivation to a derivation path.  </p>
 <p></p>
 </div>
 
 <div class="remark">
   <p>
-  The <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-183-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-183">derivationPath</script> function links each <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-184-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-184"> d \in Derivations</script> to a
+  The <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-188-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-188">derivationPath</script> function links each <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-189-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-189"> d \in Derivations</script> to a
   derivation path.  A derivation has exactly one associated derivation
   path.  However, if the PROV-N statement <span class="name">wasDerivedFrom(e_2,e_1,-,-,-)</span> is asserted in an
-  instance, there may be multiple derivation paths linking <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-185-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-185">e_2</script> to
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-186-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-186">e_1</script>, each corresponding to a different path, identified by different
-  derivations <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-187-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-187">d \in Derivations</script>.
+  instance, there may be multiple derivation paths linking <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-190-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-190">e_2</script> to
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-191-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-191">e_1</script>, each corresponding to a different path, identified by different
+  derivations <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-192-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-192">d \in Derivations</script>.
   </p>
 
   <p>A derivation path implies the existence of at least one chained generation
@@ -1702,7 +1668,7 @@
   </p>
 <p>
   The reason why we need paths and not just individual derivation
-  steps is to reflect that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-188-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-188">wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs)</script> formulas can
+  steps is to reflect that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-193-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-193">wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs)</script> formulas can
   represent multiple derivation steps.  However, there is no way to
   express a multi-step derivation path in PROV: any valid PROV
   instance turns out to have a model in which all derivation paths are
@@ -1713,7 +1679,7 @@
 </section>
 
   <section id="additional-axioms">
-  <h3><span class="secno">3.3 </span>Additional axioms</h3>
+  <!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">5. </span>Additional axioms</h2>
 
   <p> Above we have stated some properties of the components.  We
   impose some additional properties that relate several components, as
@@ -1723,134 +1689,137 @@
     
   <ol>
     <li id="axiom1">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-189-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-189">generated(g) = (e,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-190-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-190">used(u) = (a_2,e)</script> then there
-    exists <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-191-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-191">c \in Communications</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-192-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-192">communicated(c) = (a_2,a_1)</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-194-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-194">generated(g) = (e,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-195-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-195">used(u) = (a_2,e)</script> then there
+    exists <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-196-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-196">c \in Communications</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-197-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-197">communicated(c) = (a_2,a_1)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom2">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-193-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-193">started(start) = (a_2,e,a_1)</script> then there exists <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-194-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-194">gen</script> such
-    that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-195-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-195">generated(gen) = (e,a_1)</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-198-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-198">e \in Entities</script> then there exist <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-199-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-199">gen,inv,a,a'</script> such that
+    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-200-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-200">generated(gen) = (e,a)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-201-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-201">invalidated(inv) = (e,a')</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom3">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-196-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-196">ended(end) = (a_2,e,a_1)</script> then there exists <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-197-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-197">gen</script> such
-    that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-198-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-198">generated(gen) = (e,a_1)</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-202-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-202">started(start) = (a_2,e,a_1)</script> then there exists <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-203-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-203">gen</script> such
+    that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-204-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-204">generated(gen) = (e,a_1)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom4">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-199-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-199">d \in Derivations</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-200-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>R</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-200">prov:Revision \in
-    value(d,prov:type)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-201-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>w</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-201">derivationPath(deriv) = e_2 \cdot w \cdot
-    e_1</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-202-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-202">thingOf(e_1) = thingOf(e_2)</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-205-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-205">ended(end) = (a_2,e,a_1)</script> then there exists <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-206-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-206">gen</script> such
+    that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-207-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-207">generated(gen) = (e,a_1)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom5">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-203-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-203">attributedTo(att) = (e,ag)</script> then there exist <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-204-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-204">gen</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-205-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-205">assoc</script>
-    such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-206-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-206">generated(gen) = (e,a)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-207-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-207">associatedWith(assoc) = (a,ag)</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-208-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-208">d \in Derivations</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-209-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>R</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-209">prov:Revision \in
+    value(d,prov:type)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-210-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>w</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-210">derivationPath(deriv) = e_2 \cdot w \cdot
+    e_1</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-211-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-211">thingOf(e_1) = thingOf(e_2)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom6">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-208-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-208">actedFor(deleg) = (ag_2,ag_1,act)</script> then there exist
-    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-209-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><msub><mi>c</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><msub><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-209">assoc_1,assoc_2,pl_1,pl_2</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-210-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><msub><mi>c</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-210">associatedWith(assoc_1) = (ag_1,act,pl_1)</script>
-    and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-211-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><msub><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-211">associatedWith(assoc_2) = (ag_2,act,pl_2)</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-212-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-212">attributedTo(att) = (e,ag)</script> then there exist <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-213-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-213">gen</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-214-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-214">assoc</script>
+    such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-215-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-215">generated(gen) = (e,a)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-216-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-216">associatedWith(assoc) = (a,ag)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom7">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-212-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-212">generated(id) = (e,a)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-213-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-213">influenced(id) = (e,a)</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-217-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-217">actedFor(deleg) = (ag_2,ag_1,act)</script> then there exist
+    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-218-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><msub><mi>c</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><msub><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-218">assoc_1,assoc_2,pl_1,pl_2</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-219-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><msub><mi>c</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-219">associatedWith(assoc_1) = (ag_1,act,pl_1)</script>
+    and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-220-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><msub><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-220">associatedWith(assoc_2) = (ag_2,act,pl_2)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom8">
-        If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-214-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-214">used(id) = (e,a)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-215-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-215">influenced(id) = (e,a)</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-221-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-221">generated(id) = (e,a)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-222-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-222">influenced(id) = (e,a)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom9">
-            If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-216-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-216">communicated(id) = (a_2,a_1)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-217-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-217">influenced(id) = (a_2,a_1)</script>.
+        If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-223-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-223">used(id) = (e,a)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-224-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-224">influenced(id) = (e,a)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom10">
-     If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-218-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-218">started(id) = (a_2,e,a_1)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-219-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-219">influenced(id) = (a_2,e)</script>.
+            If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-225-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-225">communicated(id) = (a_2,a_1)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-226-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-226">influenced(id) = (a_2,a_1)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom11">
-         If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-220-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-220">ended(id) = (a_2,e,a_1)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-221-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-221">influenced(id) = (a_2,e)</script>.
+     If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-227-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-227">started(id) = (a_2,e,a_1)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-228-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-228">influenced(id) = (a_2,e)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom12">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-222-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-222">invalidated(id) = (e,a)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-223-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-223">influenced(id) = (e,a)</script>.
+         If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-229-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-229">ended(id) = (a_2,e,a_1)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-230-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-230">influenced(id) = (a_2,e)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom13">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-224-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>w</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-224">derivationPath(id) = e_2 \cdot w \cdot e_1</script> then
-    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-225-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-225">influenced(id) = (e_2,e_1)</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-231-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-231">invalidated(id) = (e,a)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-232-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-232">influenced(id) = (e,a)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom14">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-226-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-226">attributedTo(id) = (e,ag)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-227-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-227">influenced(id) = (e,ag)</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-233-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>w</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-233">derivationPath(id) = e_2 \cdot w \cdot e_1</script> then
+    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-234-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-234">influenced(id) = (e_2,e_1)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom15">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-228-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-228">associatedWith(id) = (a,ag,pl)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-229-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-229">influenced(id) = (a,ag)</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-235-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-235">attributedTo(id) = (e,ag)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-236-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-236">influenced(id) = (e,ag)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom16">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-230-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-230">actedFor(id) = (ag_2,ag_1)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-231-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-231">influenced(id) = (ag_2,ag_1)</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-237-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-237">associatedWith(id) = (a,ag,pl)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-238-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-238">influenced(id) = (a,ag)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom17">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-232-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msup><mi>n</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-232">generated(gen) = (e,a) = generated(gen')</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-233-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msup><mi>n</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-233">gen = gen'</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-239-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-239">actedFor(id) = (ag_2,ag_1)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-240-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-240">influenced(id) = (ag_2,ag_1)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom18">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-234-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msup><mi>v</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-234">invalidated(inv) = (e,a) = invalidated(inv')</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-235-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msup><mi>v</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-235">inv=inv'</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-241-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msup><mi>n</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-241">generated(gen) = (e,a) = generated(gen')</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-242-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msup><mi>n</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-242">gen = gen'</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom19">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-236-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-236">started(st) = (a,e_1,a')</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-237-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-237">started(st') = (a,e_2,a')</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-238-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>s</mi><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-238">st=st'</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-243-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msup><mi>v</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-243">invalidated(inv) = (e,a) = invalidated(inv')</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-244-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msup><mi>v</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-244">inv=inv'</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom20">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-239-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-239">ended(end) = (a,e_1,a')</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-240-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msup><mi>d</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-240">ended(end') = (a,e_2,a')</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-241-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msup><mi>d</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-241">end=end'</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-245-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-245">started(st) = (a,e_1,a')</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-246-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-246">started(st') = (a,e_2,a')</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-247-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>s</mi><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-247">st=st'</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom21">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-242-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-242">started(st) = (a,e)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-243-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-243">st \preceq evt</script> for all <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-244-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-244">evt \in
-    events(a) - Invalidations</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-248-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-248">ended(end) = (a,e_1,a')</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-249-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msup><mi>d</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-249">ended(end') = (a,e_2,a')</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-250-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msup><mi>d</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-250">end=end'</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom22">
-        If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-245-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-245">ended(end) = (a,e,a') </script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-246-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-246">evt \preceq end</script> for all
-    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-247-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-247">evt \in events(a) - Invalidations</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-251-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-251">started(st) = (a,e)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-252-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-252">st \preceq evt</script> for all <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-253-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-253">evt \in
+    events(a) - Invalidations</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom23">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-248-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-248">generated(gen) = (e,a)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-249-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-249">gen \preceq evt</script> for all <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-250-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-250">evt \in events(e)</script>.
+        If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-254-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-254">ended(end) = (a,e,a') </script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-255-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-255">evt \preceq end</script> for all
+    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-256-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-256">evt \in events(a) - Invalidations</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom24">
-        If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-251-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-251">invalidated(inv) = (e,a)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-252-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-252">evt\preceq inv</script> for all
-    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-253-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-253">evt \in events(e)</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-257-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-257">generated(gen) = (e,a)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-258-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-258">gen \preceq evt</script> for all <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-259-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-259">evt \in events(e)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom25">
-    For any derivation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-254-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-254">deriv</script>, with path <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-255-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>w</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-255">derivationPath(deriv) = w</script>,
-    if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-256-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-256">e_2 \cdot g \cdot a \cdot u \cdot e_1 </script> is a substring of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-257-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-257">w</script>
-    where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-258-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-258">e_1,e_2 \in Entities</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-259-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-259">g \in Generations</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-260-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-260">u \in Usages</script>
-    and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-261-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-261">a \in Activities</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-262-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-262">u \preceq g</script>.
+        If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-260-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-260">invalidated(inv) = (e,a)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-261-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-261">evt\preceq inv</script> for all
+    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-262-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-262">evt \in events(e)</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom26">
-    For any derivation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-263-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-263">deriv</script>, with path <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-264-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>w</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-264">derivationPath(deriv) = e_2
-    \cdot w \cdot e_1</script>, if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-265-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-265">generated(gen_1) = (e_1,a_1)</script> and
-    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-266-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-266">generated(gen_2) = (e_2,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-267-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">≺</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-267">gen_1 \prec gen_2</script>.  
+    For any derivation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-263-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-263">deriv</script>, with path <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-264-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>w</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-264">derivationPath(deriv) = w</script>,
+    if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-265-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-265">e_2 \cdot g \cdot a \cdot u \cdot e_1 </script> is a substring of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-266-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-266">w</script>
+    where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-267-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-267">e_1,e_2 \in Entities</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-268-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-268">g \in Generations</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-269-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-269">u \in Usages</script>
+    and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-270-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-270">a \in Activities</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-271-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-271">u \preceq g</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom27">
-    If  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-268-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-268">associatedWith(assoc) = (a,ag,pl)</script>  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-269-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-269">started(start) = (a,e_1,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-270-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-270">invalidated(inv) =
-    (ag,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-271-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-271">start \preceq inv</script>.
+    For any derivation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-272-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-272">deriv</script>, with path <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-273-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>w</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-273">derivationPath(deriv) = e_2
+    \cdot w \cdot e_1</script>, if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-274-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-274">generated(gen_1) = (e_1,a_1)</script> and
+    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-275-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-275">generated(gen_2) = (e_2,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-276-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">≺</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-276">gen_1 \prec gen_2</script>.  
     </li>
     <li id="axiom28">
-    If  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-272-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-272">associatedWith(assoc) = (a,ag,pl)</script>  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-273-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-273">generated(gen) =
-    (ag,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-274-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-274">ended(end) = (a,e_2,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-275-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-275">gen \preceq end</script>.
+    If  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-277-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-277">associatedWith(assoc) = (a,ag,pl)</script>  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-278-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-278">started(start) = (a,e_1,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-279-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-279">invalidated(inv) =
+    (ag,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-280-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-280">start \preceq inv</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom29">
-    If  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-276-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-276">associatedWith(assoc) = (a,ag,pl)</script>  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-277-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-277">started(start) = (a,e_1,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-278-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-278">ended(end) =
-    (ag,e_2,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-279-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-279">start \preceq end</script>.
+    If  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-281-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-281">associatedWith(assoc) = (a,ag,pl)</script>  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-282-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-282">generated(gen) =
+    (ag,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-283-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-283">ended(end) = (a,e_2,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-284-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-284">gen \preceq end</script>.
     </li>
     <li id="axiom30">
-    If  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-280-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-280">associatedWith(assoc) = (a,ag,pl)</script>  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-281-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-281">started(start) =
-    (ag,e_1,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-282-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-282">ended(end) = (a,e_2,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-283-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-283">start \preceq end</script>.
+    If  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-285-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-285">associatedWith(assoc) = (a,ag,pl)</script>  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-286-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-286">started(start) = (a,e_1,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-287-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-287">ended(end) =
+    (ag,e_2,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-288-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-288">start \preceq end</script>.
     </li>
-       <li id="axiom31">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-284-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-284">attributedTo(attrib) = (e,ag)</script>  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-285-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-285">generated(gen_1) =
-    (ag_1,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-286-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-286">generated(gen_2) = (e,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-287-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-287">gen_1 \preceq gen_2</script>.
+    <li id="axiom31">
+    If  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-289-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-289">associatedWith(assoc) = (a,ag,pl)</script>  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-290-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-290">started(start) =
+    (ag,e_1,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-291-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-291">ended(end) = (a,e_2,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-292-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-292">start \preceq end</script>.
     </li>
        <li id="axiom32">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-288-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-288">attributedTo(attrib) = (e,ag)</script>  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-289-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-289">started(start) =
-    (ag_1,e_1,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-290-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-290">generated(gen) = (e,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-291-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-291">start \preceq gen</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-293-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-293">attributedTo(attrib) = (e,ag)</script>  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-294-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-294">generated(gen_1) =
+    (ag_1,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-295-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-295">generated(gen_2) = (e,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-296-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-296">gen_1 \preceq gen_2</script>.
     </li>
        <li id="axiom33">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-292-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-292">actedFor(deleg) = (ag_2,ag_1,a)</script>  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-293-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-293">generated(gen) =
-    (ag_1,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-294-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-294">invalidated(inv) = (ag_2,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-295-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-295">gen \preceq inv</script>.
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-297-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-297">attributedTo(attrib) = (e,ag)</script>  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-298-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-298">started(start) =
+    (ag_1,e_1,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-299-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-299">generated(gen) = (e,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-300-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-300">start \preceq gen</script>.
     </li>
        <li id="axiom34">
-    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-296-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-296">actedFor(deleg) = (ag_2,ag_1,a)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-297-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-297">started(start) =
-    (ag_1,e_1,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-298-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-298">ended(end) = (ag_2,e_2,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-299-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-299">start \preceq
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-301-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-301">actedFor(deleg) = (ag_2,ag_1,a)</script>  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-302-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-302">generated(gen) =
+    (ag_1,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-303-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-303">invalidated(inv) = (ag_2,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-304-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-304">gen \preceq inv</script>.
+    </li>
+       <li id="axiom35">
+    If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-305-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-305">actedFor(deleg) = (ag_2,ag_1,a)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-306-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-306">started(start) =
+    (ag_1,e_1,a_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-307-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-307">ended(end) = (ag_2,e_2,a_2)</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-308-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-308">start \preceq
     end</script>.
     </li>
-    
     </ol>
 </div>
 
@@ -1859,7 +1828,7 @@
   constraints hold in all structures.</p>
 
 <div class="remark">
-  <p> Axioms 21 and 22 do not require that invalidation events
+  <p> Axioms 22 and 23 do not require that invalidation events
   originating from an activity follow the activity's start
   event(s) or precede its end event(s).
   This is because
@@ -1871,12 +1840,12 @@
   </section>
 
 <section id="putting-it-all-together">
-<h3><span class="secno">3.4 </span> Putting it all together </h3>
-
-<p>A <em>PROV structure</em> <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-300-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-300">W</script> is a collection of sets, functions, and relations containing all of the above
+<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">6. </span> Putting it all together </h2>
+
+<p>A <em>PROV structure</em> <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-309-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-309">W</script> is a collection of sets, functions, and relations containing all of the above
 described components and satisfying all of the associated properties
 and axions.  If we need to talk about the objects or relations of
-more than one structure then we may write <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-301-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>W</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-301">W_1.Objects</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-302-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>W</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-302">W_1.Things</script>,
+more than one structure then we may write <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-310-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>W</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-310">W_1.Objects</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-311-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>W</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-311">W_1.Things</script>,
 etc.; otherwise, to
 decrease notational clutter, when we consider a fixed structure then the names of the sets, relations and functions above refer to the components of that model.
 </p>
@@ -1885,129 +1854,130 @@
 <p>
 Some features of PROV structures are relatively obvious or routine,
 corresponding directly to features of PROV and associated inferences.
-For example, the functions <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-303-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-303">used, generated, invalidated, started,
+For example, the functions <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-312-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-312">used, generated, invalidated, started,
 ended</script> mapping events to their associated entities or activities, and
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-304-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-304">communicated, associatedWith, attributedTo, actedFor</script> associating
-other types of influences with appropriate data.  On the other hand,
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-313-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-313">communicated, associatedWith, attributedTo, actedFor</script> associating
+other types of influences with appropriate data. 
+</p>
+  <p>
+  On the other hand,
 some features are more distinctive, and represent areas where formal
 modeling has been used to guide the development of PROV.  Derivation
 paths are one such distinctive feature; they correspond to an
 intuition that derivations may describe one or multiple generation-use
 steps leading from one entity to another.  Another distinctive feature
-is the use of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-305-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-305">Things</script>, which correspond to changing, real-world
-things, as opposed to <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-306-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-306">Entities</script>, which correspond to limited views or
-perspectives on <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-307-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-307">Things</script>, with some fixed aspects.  The semantic
-structures of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-308-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-308">Things</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-309-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-309">Entities</script> provides a foundation for the
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-310-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-310">alternateOf</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-311-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-311">specializationOf</script> relations.
+is the use of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-314-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-314">Things</script>, which correspond to changing, real-world
+things, as opposed to <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-315-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-315">Entities</script>, which correspond to limited views or
+perspectives on <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-316-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-316">Things</script>, with some fixed aspects.  The semantic
+structures of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-317-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-317">Things</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-318-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-318">Entities</script> provides a foundation for the
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-319-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-319">alternateOf</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-320-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-320">specializationOf</script> relations.
 </p>
   
 
 
 </section>
 <section id="interpretations">
-<h3><span class="secno">3.5 </span> Interpretations </h3>
+<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">7. </span> Interpretations </h2>
 
 <p>We need to link identifiers to the objects they denote.  We do this using a function which we shall call an <em>interpretation</em>.
- An interpretation is a function  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-312-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-312">\rho : Identifiers \to Objects</script> describing
+ An interpretation is a function  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-321-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-321">\rho : Identifiers \to Objects</script> describing
 which object is the target of each identifier. The mapping from
  identifiers to objects may <b>not</b> change over time; only
- <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-313-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-313">Objects</script> can be denoted by <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-314-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-314">Identifiers</script>.
+ <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-322-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-322">Objects</script> can be denoted by <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-323-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-323">Identifiers</script>.
 </p>
 </section>
 
 
-</section>
+
 <section id="semantics">
-<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">4. </span> Semantics </h2>
-
-<p>In what follows, let <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-315-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-315">W</script> be a fixed structure with the associated sets and relations discussed in the previous section, and let <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-316-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-316">\rho</script> be an interpretation of identifiers as objects in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-317-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-317">W</script>.
+<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">8. </span> Semantics </h2>
+
+<p>In what follows, let <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-324-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-324">W</script> be a fixed structure with the associated sets and relations discussed in the previous section, and let <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-325-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-325">\rho</script> be an interpretation of identifiers as objects in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-326-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-326">W</script>.
 The annotations [WF] refer to well-formedness constraints that correspond to typing constraints.
 </p>
 
 <section id="satisfaction">
-<h3><span class="secno">4.1 </span> Satisfaction </h3>
-
-<p>Consider a formula <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-318-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-318">\phi</script>, a structure <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-319-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-319">W</script> and an interpretation
- <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-320-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-320">\rho</script>.
-We define notation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-321-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-321">W,\rho \models \phi</script> which means that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-322-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-322">\phi</script> is
- satisfied in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-323-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-323">W,\rho</script>. For atomic formulas, the definition of the
+<h3><span class="secno">8.1 </span> Satisfaction </h3>
+
+<p>Consider a formula <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-327-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-327">\phi</script>, a structure <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-328-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-328">W</script> and an interpretation
+ <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-329-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-329">\rho</script>.
+We define notation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-330-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-330">W,\rho \models \phi</script> which means that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-331-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-331">\phi</script> is
+ satisfied in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-332-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-332">W,\rho</script>. For atomic formulas, the definition of the
  satisfaction relation is given in the next few subsections.  We give
  the standard definition of the semantics of the other formulas:
 </p>
 
 <div class="semantics" id="first-order-logic-semantics" data-count="16" data-title="Semantics 16 (first-order-logic-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#first-order-logic-semantics">Semantics 16 (first-order-logic-semantics)</a></div>
 <ol>
-  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-324-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-324">W,\rho \models True</script> always holds.</li>
-  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-325-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-325">W,\rho \models False</script> never holds.</li>
-  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-326-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-326">W,\rho \models x = y</script> holds if and only if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-327-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-327">\rho(x) =
+  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-333-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-333">W,\rho \models True</script> always holds.</li>
+  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-334-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-334">W,\rho \models False</script> never holds.</li>
+  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-335-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-335">W,\rho \models x = y</script> holds if and only if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-336-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-336">\rho(x) =
     \rho(y)</script>.</li>
-  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-328-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">¬</mi><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-328">W,\rho \models \neg \phi</script> holds if and only if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-329-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-329">W,\rho \models
+  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-337-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">¬</mi><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-337">W,\rho \models \neg \phi</script> holds if and only if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-338-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-338">W,\rho \models
   \phi</script> does not hold.</li>
-  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-330-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ψ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-330">W,\rho \models \phi \wedge \psi</script> holds if and only if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-331-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-331">W,\rho \models
-  \phi</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-332-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ψ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-332">W,\rho \models \psi</script>.</li>
-  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-333-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi><mo stretchy="false">∨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ψ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-333">W,\rho \models \phi \vee \psi</script> holds if either <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-334-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-334">W,\rho \models \phi</script>
-  or <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-335-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ψ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-335">W,\rho \models \psi</script>.</li>
-  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-336-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ψ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-336">W,\rho \models \phi \Rightarrow \psi</script> holds if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-337-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-337">W,\rho \models \phi</script>
-  implies <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-338-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ψ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-338">W,\rho \models \psi</script>.</li>
-  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-339-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>x</mi><mo>.</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-339">W,\rho \models \exists x. \phi</script> holds if there exists some <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-340-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-340">obj \in
-  Objects</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-341-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">:=</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-341">W,\rho[x:=obj] \models \phi</script>.</li>
-  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-342-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>x</mi><mo>.</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-342">W,\rho \models \forall x. \phi</script> holds if there for every <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-343-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-343">obj \in
-  Objects</script> we have <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-344-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">:=</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-344">W,\rho[x:=obj] \models \phi</script>.</li>
+  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-339-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ψ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-339">W,\rho \models \phi \wedge \psi</script> holds if and only if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-340-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-340">W,\rho \models
+  \phi</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-341-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ψ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-341">W,\rho \models \psi</script>.</li>
+  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-342-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi><mo stretchy="false">∨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ψ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-342">W,\rho \models \phi \vee \psi</script> holds if either <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-343-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-343">W,\rho \models \phi</script>
+  or <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-344-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ψ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-344">W,\rho \models \psi</script>.</li>
+  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-345-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ψ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-345">W,\rho \models \phi \Rightarrow \psi</script> holds if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-346-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-346">W,\rho \models \phi</script>
+  implies <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-347-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ψ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-347">W,\rho \models \psi</script>.</li>
+  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-348-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>x</mi><mo>.</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-348">W,\rho \models \exists x. \phi</script> holds if there exists some <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-349-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-349">obj \in
+  Objects</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-350-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">:=</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-350">W,\rho[x:=obj] \models \phi</script>.</li>
+  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-351-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>x</mi><mo>.</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-351">W,\rho \models \forall x. \phi</script> holds if there for every <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-352-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-352">obj \in
+  Objects</script> we have <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-353-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">:=</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-353">W,\rho[x:=obj] \models \phi</script>.</li>
   </ol></div>
 
 <div class="remark">
   <p>In the semantics above, note that the domain of quantification is
-  the set of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-345-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-345">Objects</script>; that is, quantifiers range over entities,
+  the set of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-354-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-354">Objects</script>; that is, quantifiers range over entities,
   activities, agents, or influences (which are in turn further
-  subdivided into types of influences).  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-346-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-346">Things</script> and relations
+  subdivided into types of influences).  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-355-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-355">Things</script> and relations
   cannot be referenced directly by identifiers.  
 </p>
   </div>
 
   <div class="remark">
-    <p>A PROV instance <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-347-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-347">I</script> consists of a set of statements, each of
+    <p>A PROV instance <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-356-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-356">I</script> consists of a set of statements, each of
     which can be translated to an atomic formula following the
     definitional rules in PROV-CONSTRAINTS, possibly by introducing
     fresh existential variables.  Thus, we can view an
-    instance <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-348-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-348">I</script> as a set of atomic formulas <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-349-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><msub><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-349">\{\phi_1,\ldots,\phi_n\}</script>, or equivalently a
-    single formula <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-350-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>k</mi></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><msub><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mo stretchy="false">⋯</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-350">\exists x_1,\ldots,x_k.~\phi_1 \wedge \cdots
-    \wedge \phi_n</script>, where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-351-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>k</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-351">x_1,\ldots,x_k</script> are the existential
-    variables of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-352-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-352">I</script>.
+    instance <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-357-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-357">I</script> as a set of atomic formulas <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-358-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><msub><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-358">\{\phi_1,\ldots,\phi_n\}</script>, or equivalently a
+    single formula <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-359-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>k</mi></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><msub><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mo stretchy="false">⋯</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi mathvariant="italic">ϕ</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-359">\exists x_1,\ldots,x_k.~\phi_1 \wedge \cdots
+    \wedge \phi_n</script>, where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-360-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>k</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-360">x_1,\ldots,x_k</script> are the existential
+    variables of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-361-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-361">I</script>.
     </p>
     </div>
 
 </section>
     <section id="attribute-matching">
     
-<h3><span class="secno">4.2 </span> Attribute matching </h3>
-
-
-<p>We say that an object <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-353-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-353">obj</script> matches attributes <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-354-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><msub><mi>r</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo>.</mo><mo>.</mo><mo>.</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-354">[attr_1=val_1,...]</script> in structure <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-355-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-355">W</script> provided:
-for each attribute <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-356-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><msub><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-356">attr_i</script>, we have <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-357-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>W</mi><mo>.</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><msub><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-357">val_i \in W.value(obj,attr_i)</script>.
-This is sometimes abbreviated as: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-358-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-358">match(W,obj,attrs)</script>.
+<h3><span class="secno">8.2 </span> Attribute matching </h3>
+
+
+<p>We say that an object <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-362-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-362">obj</script> matches attributes <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-363-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><msub><mi>r</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo>.</mo><mo>.</mo><mo>.</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-363">[attr_1=val_1,...]</script> in structure <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-364-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-364">W</script> provided:
+for each attribute <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-365-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><msub><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-365">attr_i</script>, we have <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-366-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>W</mi><mo>.</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><msub><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-366">val_i \in W.value(obj,attr_i)</script>.
+This is sometimes abbreviated as: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-367-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-367">match(W,obj,attrs)</script>.
 </p>
     
 </section>
 
 <section id="semantics-of-element-formulas">
-<h3><span class="secno">4.3 </span> Semantics of Element Formulas </h3>
+<h3><span class="secno">8.3 </span> Semantics of Element Formulas </h3>
 
 <section id="entity">
 
-<h4><span class="secno">4.3.1 </span> Entity </h4>
-
-<p>An entity formula is of the form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-359-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-359">entity(id,attrs)</script> where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-360-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-360">id</script> denotes an entity.
+<h4><span class="secno">8.3.1 </span> Entity </h4>
+
+<p>An entity formula is of the form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-368-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-368">entity(id,attrs)</script> where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-369-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-369">id</script> denotes an entity.
 </p>
-<p>Entity formulas <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-361-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-361">entity(id,attrs)</script> can be interpreted as follows:
+<p>Entity formulas <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-370-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-370">entity(id,attrs)</script> can be interpreted as follows:
 </p>
 <div class="semantics" id="entity-semantics" data-count="17" data-title="Semantics 17 (entity-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#entity-semantics">Semantics 17 (entity-semantics)</a></div>
- <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-362-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-362">W,\rho \models entity(id,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
+ <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-371-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-371">W,\rho \models entity(id,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
 <ol>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-363-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-363">id</script> denotes an entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-364-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-364">ent = \rho(id) \in Entities</script>
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-372-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-372">id</script> denotes an entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-373-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-373">ent = \rho(id) \in Entities</script>
 </li>
-<li>There exists <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-365-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-365">gen,a</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-366-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-366">generated(gen) = (e,a)</script>.</li>
-<li>There exists <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-367-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-367">inv,a'</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-368-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-368">invalidated(inv) = (e,a)</script>.</li>
-<li>the attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-369-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-369">match(W,ent, attrs)</script>.
+<li>the attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-374-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-374">match(W,ent, attrs)</script>.
 </li>
 </ol>
 
@@ -2015,7 +1985,7 @@
 </div>
 <div class="remark">
 <p>Not all of the attributes of an entity object are
-  required to be present in an entity formula about that object.  For example, the following formulas all hold if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-370-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-370">x</script> denotes an entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-371-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-371">e</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-372-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>4</mn><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mn>5</mn><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>6</mn><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-372">value(e,a) = \{4,5\}, value(e,b) = \{6\}</script> hold:
+  required to be present in an entity formula about that object.  For example, the following formulas all hold if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-375-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-375">x</script> denotes an entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-376-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-376">e</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-377-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>4</mn><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mn>5</mn><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>6</mn><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-377">value(e,a) = \{4,5\}, value(e,b) = \{6\}</script> hold:
 </p><pre> entity(x,[])
  entity(x,[a=5])
  entity(x,[a=4,a=5])
@@ -2031,44 +2001,44 @@
   </section>
 <section id="activity">
 
-<h4><span class="secno">4.3.2 </span> Activity </h4>
-
-<p>An activity formula  is of the form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-373-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-373">activity(id,st,et,attrs)</script>
-where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-374-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-374">id</script> is a identifier referring to the activity, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-375-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-375">st</script> is a start
-time and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-376-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-376">et</script> is an end time, and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-377-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-377">attrs</script> are the attributes of
-activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-378-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-378">id</script>.
+<h4><span class="secno">8.3.2 </span> Activity </h4>
+
+<p>An activity formula  is of the form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-378-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-378">activity(id,st,et,attrs)</script>
+where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-379-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-379">id</script> is a identifier referring to the activity, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-380-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-380">st</script> is a start
+time and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-381-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-381">et</script> is an end time, and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-382-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-382">attrs</script> are the attributes of
+activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-383-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-383">id</script>.
 </p>
 <div class="semantics" id="activity-semantics" data-count="18" data-title="Semantics 18 (activity-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#activity-semantics">Semantics 18 (activity-semantics)</a></div>
-  <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-379-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-379">W,\rho \models activity(id,st,et,attrs)</script>
+  <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-384-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-384">W,\rho \models activity(id,st,et,attrs)</script>
   holds if and only if:</p>
 <ol>
-<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-380-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-380">id</script> maps to an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-381-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-381">act = \rho(id) \in Activities</script>
-</li>
-<li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-382-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-382">\rho(st) \in Times</script> is the activity's start time, that is:
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-383-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-383">startTime(id) = \rho(st)</script>
+<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-385-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-385">id</script> maps to an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-386-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-386">act = \rho(id) \in Activities</script>
 </li>
-<li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-384-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-384">\rho(et)</script> is the activity's end time, that is: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-385-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-385">endTime(id) = \rho(et)</script>
+<li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-387-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-387">\rho(st) \in Times</script> is the activity's start time, that is:
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-388-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-388">startTime(id) = \rho(st)</script>
 </li>
-<li>There exists <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-386-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-386">start,e,a</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-387-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-387">started(start) = (act,e,a)</script>.</li>
-<li>There exists <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-388-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-388">end,e',a'</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-389-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-389">ended(end) = (act,e',a')</script>.</li>
-<li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-390-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-390">match(W,act,attrs)</script>.
+<li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-389-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-389">\rho(et)</script> is the activity's end time, that is: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-390-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-390">endTime(id) = \rho(et)</script>
+</li>
+<li>There exists <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-391-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-391">start,e,a</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-392-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-392">started(start) = (act,e,a)</script>.</li>
+<li>There exists <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-393-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-393">end,e',a'</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-394-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-394">ended(end) = (act,e',a')</script>.</li>
+<li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-395-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-395">match(W,act,attrs)</script>.
 </li>
 </ol>
 </div>
 </section>
 <section id="agent">
 
-<h4><span class="secno">4.3.3 </span> Agent </h4>
-
-<p>An agent formula is of the form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-391-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-391">agent(id,attrs)</script> where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-392-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-392">id</script> denotes the agent and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-393-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-393">attrs</script> describes additional attributes.
+<h4><span class="secno">8.3.3 </span> Agent </h4>
+
+<p>An agent formula is of the form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-396-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-396">agent(id,attrs)</script> where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-397-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-397">id</script> denotes the agent and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-398-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-398">attrs</script> describes additional attributes.
 </p>
 <div class="semantics" id="agent-semantics" data-count="19" data-title="Semantics 19 (agent-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#agent-semantics">Semantics 19 (agent-semantics)</a></div>
-  <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-394-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-394">W,\rho \models agent(id,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:
+  <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-399-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-399">W,\rho \models agent(id,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:
   </p>
   <ol>
-    <li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-395-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-395">id</script> denotes an agent <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-396-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-396">ag = \rho(id) \in Agents</script>
+    <li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-400-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-400">id</script> denotes an agent <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-401-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-401">ag = \rho(id) \in Agents</script>
     </li>
-    <li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-397-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-397">match(W,ag,attrs)</script>.
+    <li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-402-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-402">match(W,ag,attrs)</script>.
     </li>
   </ol>
 </div>
@@ -2076,215 +2046,215 @@
 </section>
 
 <section id="semantics-of-relations">
-<h3><span class="secno">4.4 </span> Semantics of Relations </h3>
+<h3><span class="secno">8.4 </span> Semantics of Relations </h3>
 
 
 <section id="generation">
-<h4><span class="secno">4.4.1 </span> Generation </h4>
+<h4><span class="secno">8.4.1 </span> Generation </h4>
 
 <p>The generation formula is of the form
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-398-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-398">wasGeneratedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs)</script> where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-399-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-399">id</script> is an event identifier,
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-400-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-400">e</script> is an entity identifier, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-401-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-401">a</script> is an activity identifier, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-402-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-402">attrs</script> is
-a set of attribute-value pairs, and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-403-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-403">t</script> is a time.
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-403-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-403">wasGeneratedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs)</script> where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-404-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-404">id</script> is an event identifier,
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-405-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-405">e</script> is an entity identifier, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-406-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-406">a</script> is an activity identifier, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-407-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-407">attrs</script> is
+a set of attribute-value pairs, and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-408-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-408">t</script> is a time.
 </p>
 <div class="semantics" id="generation-semantics" data-count="20" data-title="Semantics 20 (generation-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#generation-semantics">Semantics 20 (generation-semantics)</a></div>
- <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-404-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-404">W,\rho \models
+ <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-409-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-409">W,\rho \models
   wasGeneratedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs)</script>  holds if and only if:
 </p><ol>
-<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-405-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-405">id</script> denotes a generation event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-406-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-406">evt = \rho(id) \in Generations</script>.
-</li>
-<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-407-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-407">e</script> denotes an entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-408-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-408">ent = \rho(e) \in Entities</script>.
+<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-410-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-410">id</script> denotes a generation event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-411-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-411">evt = \rho(id) \in Generations</script>.
 </li>
-<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-409-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-409">a</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-410-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-410">act = \rho(a) \in Activities</script>.
+<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-412-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-412">e</script> denotes an entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-413-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-413">ent = \rho(e) \in Entities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-411-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-411">evt</script> occurred at time <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-412-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-412">\rho(t) \in Times</script>, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-413-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-413">time(evt) = \rho(t)</script>.
+<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-414-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-414">a</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-415-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-415">act = \rho(a) \in Activities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-414-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-414">act</script> generated <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-415-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-415">ent</script> via <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-416-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-416">evt</script>, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-417-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-417">generated(evt) = (ent,act)</script>.
+<li>The event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-416-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-416">evt</script> occurred at time <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-417-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-417">\rho(t) \in Times</script>, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-418-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-418">time(evt) = \rho(t)</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The attribute values match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-418-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-418">match(W,evt,attrs)</script>.
+<li>The activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-419-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-419">act</script> generated <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-420-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-420">ent</script> via <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-421-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-421">evt</script>, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-422-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-422">generated(evt) = (ent,act)</script>.
+</li>
+<li>The attribute values match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-423-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-423">match(W,evt,attrs)</script>.
 </li>
 </ol>
 </div>
 
 </section>
 <section id="use">
-<h4><span class="secno">4.4.2 </span> Use </h4>
-
-<p>The use formula is of the form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-419-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-419">used(id,a,e,t,attrs)</script> where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-420-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-420">id</script>
-denotes an event, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-421-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-421">a</script> is an activity identifier, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-422-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-422">e</script> is an object
-identifier, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-423-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-423">attrs</script> is a set of attribute-value pairs, and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-424-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-424">t</script> is a time.
+<h4><span class="secno">8.4.2 </span> Use </h4>
+
+<p>The use formula is of the form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-424-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-424">used(id,a,e,t,attrs)</script> where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-425-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-425">id</script>
+denotes an event, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-426-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-426">a</script> is an activity identifier, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-427-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-427">e</script> is an object
+identifier, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-428-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-428">attrs</script> is a set of attribute-value pairs, and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-429-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-429">t</script> is a time.
 </p>
 <div class="semantics" id="usage-semantics" data-count="21" data-title="Semantics 21 (usage-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#usage-semantics">Semantics 21 (usage-semantics)</a></div>
-  <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-425-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-425">W,\rho \models used(id,a,e,t,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
+  <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-430-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-430">W,\rho \models used(id,a,e,t,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
   <ol>
 
-<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-426-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-426">id</script> denotes a usage event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-427-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-427">evt = \rho(id) \in Usages</script>.
-</li>
-<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-428-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-428">a</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-429-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-429">act = \rho(id) \in Activities</script>.
+<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-431-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-431">id</script> denotes a usage event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-432-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-432">evt = \rho(id) \in Usages</script>.
 </li>
-<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-430-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-430">e</script> denotes an entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-431-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-431">ent = \rho(e) \in Entities</script>.
+<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-433-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-433">a</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-434-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-434">act = \rho(id) \in Activities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-432-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-432">evt</script> occurred at time <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-433-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-433">\rho(t) \in Times</script>,
-i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-434-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-434">time(evt) = \rho(t)</script>.
+<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-435-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-435">e</script> denotes an entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-436-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-436">ent = \rho(e) \in Entities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-435-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-435">act</script> used <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-436-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-436">obj</script> via <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-437-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-437">evt</script>, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-438-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-438">used(evt) = (act,ent)</script>.
+<li>The event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-437-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-437">evt</script> occurred at time <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-438-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-438">\rho(t) \in Times</script>,
+i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-439-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-439">time(evt) = \rho(t)</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The attribute values match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-439-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-439">match(W,evt,attrs)</script>.
+<li>The activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-440-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-440">act</script> used <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-441-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-441">obj</script> via <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-442-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-442">evt</script>, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-443-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-443">used(evt) = (act,ent)</script>.
+</li>
+<li>The attribute values match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-444-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-444">match(W,evt,attrs)</script>.
 </li></ol></div>
 
 </section>
 <section id="invalidation">
-<h4><span class="secno">4.4.3 </span> Invalidation </h4>
-
-<p>The invalidation formula is of the form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-440-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-440">wasInvalidatedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs)</script> where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-441-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-441">id</script> is an event identifier, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-442-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-442">e</script> is an entity identifier, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-443-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-443">a</script> is an activity identifier, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-444-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-444">attrs</script> is a set of attribute-value pairs, and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-445-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-445">t</script> is a time.</p>
-
-<div class="semantics" id="invalidation-semantics" data-count="22" data-title="Semantics 22 (invalidation-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#invalidation-semantics">Semantics 22 (invalidation-semantics)</a></div> <p>An invalidation formula <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-446-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-446">W,\rho \models
+<h4><span class="secno">8.4.3 </span> Invalidation </h4>
+
+<p>The invalidation formula is of the form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-445-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-445">wasInvalidatedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs)</script> where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-446-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-446">id</script> is an event identifier, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-447-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-447">e</script> is an entity identifier, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-448-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-448">a</script> is an activity identifier, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-449-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-449">attrs</script> is a set of attribute-value pairs, and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-450-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-450">t</script> is a time.</p>
+
+<div class="semantics" id="invalidation-semantics" data-count="22" data-title="Semantics 22 (invalidation-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#invalidation-semantics">Semantics 22 (invalidation-semantics)</a></div> <p>An invalidation formula <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-451-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-451">W,\rho \models
   wasInvalidatedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs)</script> holds  if and only if:</p>
 <ol>
-<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-447-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-447">id</script> denotes an invalidation event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-448-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-448">evt = \rho(id) \in Invalidations</script>.
-</li>
-<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-449-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-449">e</script> denotes an entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-450-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-450">ent = \rho(e) \in Entities</script>.
-</li>
-<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-451-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-451">a</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-452-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-452">act = \rho(a) \in Activities</script>.
+<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-452-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-452">id</script> denotes an invalidation event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-453-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-453">evt = \rho(id) \in Invalidations</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-453-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-453">evt</script> occurred at time <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-454-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-454">\rho(t) \in Times</script>,
-  i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-455-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-455">time(evt) = \rho(t)</script>.
+<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-454-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-454">e</script> denotes an entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-455-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-455">ent = \rho(e) \in Entities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-456-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-456">act</script> invalidated <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-457-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-457">ent</script> via <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-458-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-458">evt</script>, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-459-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-459">invalidated(evt) = (ent,act)</script>.
+<li>[WF] The identifier <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-456-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-456">a</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-457-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-457">act = \rho(a) \in Activities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The attribute values match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-460-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-460">match(W,evt,attrs)</script>.
+<li>The event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-458-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-458">evt</script> occurred at time <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-459-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-459">\rho(t) \in Times</script>,
+  i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-460-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-460">time(evt) = \rho(t)</script>.
+</li>
+<li>The activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-461-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-461">act</script> invalidated <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-462-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-462">ent</script> via <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-463-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-463">evt</script>, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-464-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-464">invalidated(evt) = (ent,act)</script>.
+</li>
+<li>The attribute values match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-465-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-465">match(W,evt,attrs)</script>.
 </li></ol></div>
 </section>
 
 <section id="association">
 
-<h4><span class="secno">4.4.4 </span> Association </h4>
-
-<p>An association formula has the form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-461-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-461">wasAssociatedWith(id,a,ag,pl,attrs)</script>.</p>
+<h4><span class="secno">8.4.4 </span> Association </h4>
+
+<p>An association formula has the form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-466-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-466">wasAssociatedWith(id,a,ag,pl,attrs)</script>.</p>
 
 <div class="semantics" id="association-plan-semantics" data-count="23" data-title="Semantics 23 (association-plan-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#association-plan-semantics">Semantics 23 (association-plan-semantics)</a></div><p>
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-462-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-462">W,\rho \models wasAssociatedWith(id,a,ag,pl,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-467-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-467">W,\rho \models wasAssociatedWith(id,a,ag,pl,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
 <ol>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-463-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-463">assoc</script> denotes an association <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-464-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-464">assoc = \rho(id) \in Associations</script>.
-</li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-465-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-465">a</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-466-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-466">act = \rho(a) \in Activities</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-468-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-468">assoc</script> denotes an association <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-469-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-469">assoc = \rho(id) \in Associations</script>.
 </li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-467-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-467">ag</script> denotes an agent <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-468-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-468">agent = \rho(ag) \in Agents</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-470-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-470">a</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-471-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-471">act = \rho(a) \in Activities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-469-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-469">pl</script> denotes a plan <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-470-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>P</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-470">plan=\rho(pl) \in Plans</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-472-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-472">ag</script> denotes an agent <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-473-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-473">agent = \rho(ag) \in Agents</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The association associates the agent with the activity and plan, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-471-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-471">associatedWith(assoc) = (agent,act,plan)</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-474-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-474">pl</script> denotes a plan <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-475-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>P</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-475">plan=\rho(pl) \in Plans</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-472-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-472">match(W,assoc,attrs)</script>.
+<li>The association associates the agent with the activity and plan, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-476-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-476">associatedWith(assoc) = (agent,act,plan)</script>.
+</li>
+<li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-477-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-477">match(W,assoc,attrs)</script>.
 </li></ol></div>
 
 <div class="semantics" id="assocation-semantics" data-count="24" data-title="Semantics 24 (assocation-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#assocation-semantics">Semantics 24 (assocation-semantics)</a></div><p>
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-473-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-473">W,\rho \models wasAssociatedWith(id,a,ag,-,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-478-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-478">W,\rho \models wasAssociatedWith(id,a,ag,-,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
 <ol>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-474-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-474">assoc</script> denotes an association <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-475-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-475">assoc = \rho(id) \in Associations</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-479-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-479">assoc</script> denotes an association <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-480-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-480">assoc = \rho(id) \in Associations</script>.
 </li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-476-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-476">a</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-477-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-477">act = \rho(a) \in Activities</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-481-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-481">a</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-482-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-482">act = \rho(a) \in Activities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-478-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-478">ag</script> denotes an agent <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-479-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-479">agent = \rho(ag) \in Agents</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-483-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-483">ag</script> denotes an agent <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-484-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-484">agent = \rho(ag) \in Agents</script>.
 </li>
 <li>The association associates the agent with the activity and no
-  plan, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-480-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">⊥</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-480">associatedWith(assoc) = (agent,act,\bot)</script>.
+  plan, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-485-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">⊥</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-485">associatedWith(assoc) = (agent,act,\bot)</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-481-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-481">match(W,assoc,attrs)</script>.
+<li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-486-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-486">match(W,assoc,attrs)</script>.
 </li></ol></div>
 </section>
 <section id="start">
-<h4><span class="secno">4.4.5 </span> Start </h4>
-
-<p>A start formula <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-482-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-482">wasStartedBy(id,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs)</script> is interpreted as follows:</p>
+<h4><span class="secno">8.4.5 </span> Start </h4>
+
+<p>A start formula <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-487-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-487">wasStartedBy(id,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs)</script> is interpreted as follows:</p>
 
 <div class="semantics" id="start-semantics" data-count="25" data-title="Semantics 25 (start-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#start-semantics">Semantics 25 (start-semantics)</a></div>
-  <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-483-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-483">W,\rho \models wasStartedBy(id,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
+  <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-488-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-488">W,\rho \models wasStartedBy(id,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
 <ol>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-484-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-484">id</script> denotes a start event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-485-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-485">evt = \rho(id) \in Starts</script>.
-</li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-486-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-486">a_2</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-487-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-487">act_2 = \rho(a_2) \in Activities</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-489-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-489">id</script> denotes a start event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-490-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-490">evt = \rho(id) \in Starts</script>.
 </li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-488-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-488">e</script> denotes an entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-489-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-489">ent = \rho(e) \in Entities</script>.
-</li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-490-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-490">a_1</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-491-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-491">act_1 = \rho(a_1) \in Activities</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-491-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-491">a_2</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-492-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-492">act_2 = \rho(a_2) \in Activities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The event happened at the start of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-492-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-492">act_2</script>, that is, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-493-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-493">\rho(t) = startTime(act_2) = time(evt)</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-493-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-493">e</script> denotes an entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-494-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-494">ent = \rho(e) \in Entities</script>.
 </li>
-<li> The activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-494-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-494">act_1</script> started <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-495-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-495">act_2</script> via entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-496-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-496">ent</script>: that is,
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-497-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-497">started(evt) = (act_2,ent,act_1)</script>.</li>
-<li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-498-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-498">match(W,evt,attrs)</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-495-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-495">a_1</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-496-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-496">act_1 = \rho(a_1) \in Activities</script>.
+</li>
+<li>The event happened at the start of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-497-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-497">act_2</script>, that is, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-498-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-498">\rho(t) = startTime(act_2) = time(evt)</script>.
+</li>
+<li> The activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-499-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-499">act_1</script> started <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-500-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-500">act_2</script> via entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-501-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-501">ent</script>: that is,
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-502-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-502">started(evt) = (act_2,ent,act_1)</script>.</li>
+<li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-503-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-503">match(W,evt,attrs)</script>.
 </li></ol></div>
 </section>
 <section id="end">
-<h4><span class="secno">4.4.6 </span> End </h4>
-
-<p>An activity end formula <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-499-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-499">wasEndedBy(id,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs)</script> is interpreted as follows:</p>
+<h4><span class="secno">8.4.6 </span> End </h4>
+
+<p>An activity end formula <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-504-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-504">wasEndedBy(id,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs)</script> is interpreted as follows:</p>
 
 <div class="semantics" id="end-semantics" data-count="26" data-title="Semantics 26 (end-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#end-semantics">Semantics 26 (end-semantics)</a></div>
 <p>
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-500-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-500">W,\rho \models wasEndedBy(id,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs)</script> holds if and only
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-505-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-505">W,\rho \models wasEndedBy(id,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs)</script> holds if and only
   if:</p>
   
 <ol>
-  <li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-501-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-501">id</script> denotes an end event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-502-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-502">evt = \rho(id) \in Ends</script>.</li>
-<li> [WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-503-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-503">a_2</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-504-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-504">act_2 = \rho(a_2)\in Activities</script>.</li>
-<li> [WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-505-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-505">e</script> denotes an entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-506-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-506">ent = \rho(e)\in Entities</script>.</li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-507-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-507">a_1</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-508-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-508">act_1 = \rho(a_1)\in Activities</script>.</li>
-<li>The event happened at the end of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-509-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-509">act_2</script>, that is, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-510-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-510">\rho(t) = endTime(act_2) = time(evt)</script>.</li>
-<li> The activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-511-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-511">act_1</script> ended <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-512-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-512">act_2</script> via entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-513-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-513">ent</script>: that is,
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-514-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-514">ended(evt) = (act_2,ent,act_1)</script>.</li>
-<li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-515-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-515">match(W,evt,attrs)</script>.</li>
+  <li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-506-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-506">id</script> denotes an end event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-507-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-507">evt = \rho(id) \in Ends</script>.</li>
+<li> [WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-508-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-508">a_2</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-509-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-509">act_2 = \rho(a_2)\in Activities</script>.</li>
+<li> [WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-510-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-510">e</script> denotes an entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-511-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-511">ent = \rho(e)\in Entities</script>.</li>
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-512-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-512">a_1</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-513-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-513">act_1 = \rho(a_1)\in Activities</script>.</li>
+<li>The event happened at the end of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-514-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-514">act_2</script>, that is, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-515-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-515">\rho(t) = endTime(act_2) = time(evt)</script>.</li>
+<li> The activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-516-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-516">act_1</script> ended <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-517-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-517">act_2</script> via entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-518-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-518">ent</script>: that is,
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-519-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-519">ended(evt) = (act_2,ent,act_1)</script>.</li>
+<li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-520-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-520">match(W,evt,attrs)</script>.</li>
 </ol>
 </div>
 </section>
 
 <section id="attribution">
-<h4><span class="secno">4.4.7 </span> Attribution </h4>
+<h4><span class="secno">8.4.7 </span> Attribution </h4>
 
 <p>
-An attribution formula <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-516-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-516">wasAttributedTo(id,e,ag,attrs)</script> is interpreted as follows:
+An attribution formula <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-521-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-521">wasAttributedTo(id,e,ag,attrs)</script> is interpreted as follows:
 </p>
 <div class="semantics" id="attribution-semantics" data-count="27" data-title="Semantics 27 (attribution-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#attribution-semantics">Semantics 27 (attribution-semantics)</a></div>
   <p>
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-517-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-517">W,\rho \models wasAttributedTo(id,e,ag,attrs)</script>
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-522-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-522">W,\rho \models wasAttributedTo(id,e,ag,attrs)</script>
   holds if and only if:
   </p>
 <ol>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-518-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-518">id</script> denotes an association <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-519-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-519">assoc = \rho(id) \in Associations</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-523-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-523">id</script> denotes an association <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-524-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-524">assoc = \rho(id) \in Associations</script>.
 </li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-520-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-520">e</script> denotes an entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-521-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-521">ent = \rho(e) \in Entities</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-525-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-525">e</script> denotes an entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-526-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-526">ent = \rho(e) \in Entities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-522-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-522">ag</script> denotes an agent <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-523-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-523">agent = \rho(ag) \in Agents</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-527-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-527">ag</script> denotes an agent <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-528-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-528">agent = \rho(ag) \in Agents</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The entity was attributed to the agent, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-524-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-524">attributedTo(assoc)
+<li>The entity was attributed to the agent, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-529-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-529">attributedTo(assoc)
 = (ent,agent)</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-525-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-525">match(W,assoc,attrs)</script>.
+<li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-530-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-530">match(W,assoc,attrs)</script>.
 </li></ol>
 </div>
 </section>
 
 
 <section id="communication">
-<h4><span class="secno">4.4.8 </span>Communication</h4>
-<p>A communication formula <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-526-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-526">wasInformedBy(id,a_2,a_2,attrs)</script> is
+<h4><span class="secno">8.4.8 </span>Communication</h4>
+<p>A communication formula <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-531-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-531">wasInformedBy(id,a_2,a_2,attrs)</script> is
 interpreted as follows: </p>
 <div class="semantics" id="communication-semantics" data-count="28" data-title="Semantics 28 (communication-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#communication-semantics">Semantics 28 (communication-semantics)</a></div>
   <p>
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-527-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-527">W,\rho \models wasInformedBy(id,a_2,a_1,attrs)</script>
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-532-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-532">W,\rho \models wasInformedBy(id,a_2,a_1,attrs)</script>
   holds if and only if:
   </p>
 <ol>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-528-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-528">id</script> denotes a communication <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-529-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-529">comm = \rho(id) \in Communications</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-533-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-533">id</script> denotes a communication <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-534-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-534">comm = \rho(id) \in Communications</script>.
 </li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-530-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-530">a_1,a_2</script> denote  activities <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-531-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-531">act_1 = \rho(a_1) \in
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-535-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-535">a_1,a_2</script> denote  activities <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-536-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-536">act_1 = \rho(a_1) \in
 Activities, act_2 = \rho(a_2)\in Activities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>There exist <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-532-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-532">gen,use,ent</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-533-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-533">communicated(comm) =
-(act_2,act_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-534-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-534">generated(gen) = (ent,act_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-535-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-535">used(use) = (act_2,ent)</script>.
+<li>There exist <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-537-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-537">gen,use,ent</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-538-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-538">communicated(comm) =
+(act_2,act_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-539-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-539">generated(gen) = (ent,act_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-540-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-540">used(use) = (act_2,ent)</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-536-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-536">match(W,comm,attrs)</script>.
+<li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-541-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-541">match(W,comm,attrs)</script>.
 </li></ol>
 </div>
 </section>
@@ -2292,103 +2262,103 @@
 
 <section id="delegation">
 
-<h4><span class="secno">4.4.9 </span> Delegation </h4>
-
-<p>The <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-537-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-537">actedOnBehalfOf(id,ag_2,ag_1,act,attrs)</script> relation is interpreted using the <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-538-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-538">ActsFor</script> relation as follows:</p>
+<h4><span class="secno">8.4.9 </span> Delegation </h4>
+
+<p>The <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-542-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-542">actedOnBehalfOf(id,ag_2,ag_1,act,attrs)</script> relation is interpreted using the <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-543-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-543">ActsFor</script> relation as follows:</p>
 
 <div class="semantics" id="delegation-semantics" data-count="29" data-title="Semantics 29 (delegation-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#delegation-semantics">Semantics 29 (delegation-semantics)</a></div>
   <p>
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-539-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-539">W,\rho \models actedOnBehalfOf(id,ag_2,ag_1,act,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-544-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-544">W,\rho \models actedOnBehalfOf(id,ag_2,ag_1,act,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
 <ol>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-540-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-540">id</script> denotes a delegation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-541-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-541">deleg=\rho(id) \in Delegations</script>.
-</li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-542-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-542">a</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-543-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-543">act=\rho(a) \in Activities</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-545-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-545">id</script> denotes a delegation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-546-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-546">deleg=\rho(id) \in Delegations</script>.
 </li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-544-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-544">ag_1,ag_2</script> denote agents <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-545-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-545">agent_1=\rho(ag_1), agent_2=\rho(ag_2) \in Agents</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-547-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-547">a</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-548-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-548">act=\rho(a) \in Activities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The agent <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-546-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-546">agent_2</script> acted for the agent <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-547-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-547">agent_1</script> with respect to
-  the activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-548-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-548">act</script>, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-549-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-549">actedFor(deleg) = (agent_2,agent_1,act)</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-549-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-549">ag_1,ag_2</script> denote agents <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-550-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-550">agent_1=\rho(ag_1), agent_2=\rho(ag_2) \in Agents</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-550-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-550">match(W,deleg,attrs)</script>.
+<li>The agent <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-551-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-551">agent_2</script> acted for the agent <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-552-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-552">agent_1</script> with respect to
+  the activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-553-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-553">act</script>, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-554-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-554">actedFor(deleg) = (agent_2,agent_1,act)</script>.
+</li>
+<li>The attributes match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-555-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-555">match(W,deleg,attrs)</script>.
 </li></ol></div>
 </section>
 
 
 <section id="derivation">
 
-<h4><span class="secno">4.4.10 </span> Derivation </h4>
+<h4><span class="secno">8.4.10 </span> Derivation </h4>
 
 <p>
 Derivation formulas can be of one of two forms:</p>
-<ul><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-551-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-551">wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,a,g,u,attrs)</script>, which specifies an
+<ul><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-556-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-556">wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,a,g,u,attrs)</script>, which specifies an
   activity, generation and usage event.  For convenience we call this
   a <dfn id="dfn-precise-derivation">precise derivation</dfn>.</li>
-  <li> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-552-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-552">wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs)</script>, which does not
+  <li> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-557-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-557">wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs)</script>, which does not
   specify an activity, generation and usage event.  For convenience we
   call this an <dfn id="dfn-imprecise-derivation">imprecise derivation</dfn>.</li>
   </ul>
 
 <section id="precise">
-<h5><span class="secno">4.4.10.1 </span> Precise </h5>
-
-<p>A precise derivation formula has the form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-553-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-553">wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,a,g,u,attrs)</script>.
+<h5><span class="secno">8.4.10.1 </span> Precise </h5>
+
+<p>A precise derivation formula has the form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-558-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-558">wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,a,g,u,attrs)</script>.
 </p>
 <div class="semantics" id="derivation-precise-semantics" data-count="30" data-title="Semantics 30 (derivation-precise-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#derivation-precise-semantics">Semantics 30 (derivation-precise-semantics)</a></div>
-  <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-554-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-554">W,\rho \models wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,act,g,u,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
+  <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-559-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-559">W,\rho \models wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,act,g,u,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
 <ol>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-555-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-555">id</script> denotes a derivation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-556-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-556">deriv = \rho(id) \in Derivations</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-560-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-560">id</script> denotes a derivation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-561-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-561">deriv = \rho(id) \in Derivations</script>.
 </li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-557-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-557">e_1,e_2</script> denote entities <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-558-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-558">ent_1 = \rho(e_1), ent_2=\rho(e_2)  \in Entities</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-562-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-562">e_1,e_2</script> denote entities <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-563-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-563">ent_1 = \rho(e_1), ent_2=\rho(e_2)  \in Entities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-559-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-559">a</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-560-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-560">act = \rho(a) \in Activities</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-564-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-564">a</script> denotes an activity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-565-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-565">act = \rho(a) \in Activities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-561-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-561">g</script> denotes a generation event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-562-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-562">gen = \rho(g) \in Generations</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-566-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-566">g</script> denotes a generation event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-567-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-567">gen = \rho(g) \in Generations</script>.
 </li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-563-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-563">u</script> denotes a use event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-564-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-564">\rho(u) \in Usages</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-568-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-568">u</script> denotes a use event <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-569-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-569">\rho(u) \in Usages</script>.
 </li>
 <li>The derivation denotes a one-step derivation path linking the
-entities via the activity, generation and use: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-565-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-565">derivationPath(deriv) =
+entities via the activity, generation and use: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-570-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-570">derivationPath(deriv) =
 ent_2 \cdot gen \cdot act \cdot use \cdot ent_1</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The attribute values match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-566-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-566">match(W,deriv,attrs)</script>.</li>
+<li>The attribute values match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-571-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-571">match(W,deriv,attrs)</script>.</li>
 </ol>
 </div>
 </section>
 <section id="imprecise">
 
-<h5><span class="secno">4.4.10.2 </span> Imprecise </h5>
+<h5><span class="secno">8.4.10.2 </span> Imprecise </h5>
 <p>
-An imprecise derivation formula has the form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-567-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-567">wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs)</script>.</p>
+An imprecise derivation formula has the form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-572-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-572">wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs)</script>.</p>
 
 <div class="semantics" id="derivation-imprecise-semantics" data-count="31" data-title="Semantics 31 (derivation-imprecise-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#derivation-imprecise-semantics">Semantics 31 (derivation-imprecise-semantics)</a></div>
-  <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-568-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-568">W,\rho \models wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
+  <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-573-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-573">W,\rho \models wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
 <ol>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-569-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-569">id</script> denotes a derivation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-570-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-570">deriv = \rho(id) \in Derivations</script>.
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-574-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-574">id</script> denotes a derivation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-575-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-575">deriv = \rho(id) \in Derivations</script>.
 </li>
-<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-571-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-571">e_1,e_2</script> denote entities <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-572-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-572">ent_1 = \rho(e_1), ent_2=\rho(e_2)  \in Entities</script> .
+<li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-576-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-576">e_1,e_2</script> denote entities <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-577-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-577">ent_1 = \rho(e_1), ent_2=\rho(e_2)  \in Entities</script> .
 </li>
-<li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-573-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>w</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-573">derivationPath(deriv)= ent_2 \cdot  w \cdot ent_1</script> for some <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-574-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-574">w</script>.
+<li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-578-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>w</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-578">derivationPath(deriv)= ent_2 \cdot  w \cdot ent_1</script> for some <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-579-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-579">w</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The attribute values match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-575-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-575">match(W,deriv,attrs)</script>.
+<li>The attribute values match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-580-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-580">match(W,deriv,attrs)</script>.
 </li></ol></div>
 </section>
 </section>
 
   <section id="influence">
-  <h4><span class="secno">4.4.11 </span>Influence</h4>
+  <h4><span class="secno">8.4.11 </span>Influence</h4>
 
   <div class="semantics" id="influence-semantics" data-count="32" data-title="Semantics 32 (influence-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#influence-semantics">Semantics 32 (influence-semantics)</a></div>
-  <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-576-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-576">W,\rho \models wasInfluencedBy(id,o_2,o_1,attrs)</script> holds if
+  <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-581-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-581">W,\rho \models wasInfluencedBy(id,o_2,o_1,attrs)</script> holds if
   and only if at least one of the following hold:</p>
     <ol>
-      <li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-577-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-577">id</script> denotes an influence <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-578-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-578">inf = \rho(id)  \in Influences</script>.
-      </li><li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-579-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-579">o_1</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-580-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-580">o_2</script> denote objects <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-581-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-581">obj_1 = \rho(o_1) \in
-  Objects</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-582-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-582">obj_2= \rho(o_2)
+      <li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-582-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-582">id</script> denotes an influence <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-583-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-583">inf = \rho(id)  \in Influences</script>.
+      </li><li>[WF] <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-584-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-584">o_1</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-585-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-585">o_2</script> denote objects <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-586-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-586">obj_1 = \rho(o_1) \in
+  Objects</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-587-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-587">obj_2= \rho(o_2)
   \in Objects</script>.</li>
-  <li>The influence <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-583-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-583">inf</script> links <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-584-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-584">o_2</script> with <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-585-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-585">o_1</script>; that is,
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-586-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-586">influenced(inf) = (o_2,o_1)</script>.
+  <li>The influence <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-588-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-588">inf</script> links <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-589-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-589">o_2</script> with <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-590-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-590">o_1</script>; that is,
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-591-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-591">influenced(inf) = (o_2,o_1)</script>.
   </li>
-  <li>The attribute values match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-587-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-587">match(W,deriv,attrs)</script>.
+  <li>The attribute values match: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-592-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-592">match(W,deriv,attrs)</script>.
 </li>
       </ol>
 
@@ -2396,28 +2366,28 @@
   </div></section>
 
 <section id="specialization">
-<h4><span class="secno">4.4.12 </span> Specialization </h4>
-
-<p>The <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-588-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-588">specializationOf(e_1,e_2)</script> relation indicates when one entity formula presents more specific aspects of another.  
+<h4><span class="secno">8.4.12 </span> Specialization </h4>
+
+<p>The <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-593-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-593">specializationOf(e_1,e_2)</script> relation indicates when one entity formula presents more specific aspects of another.  
 </p>
 
     
 <div class="semantics" id="specialization-semantics" data-count="33" data-title="Semantics 33 (specialization-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#specialization-semantics">Semantics 33 (specialization-semantics)</a></div>  <p>
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-589-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-589">W,\rho \models specializationOf(e_1,e_2)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-594-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-594">W,\rho \models specializationOf(e_1,e_2)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
 <ol>
-<li>[WF] Both <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-590-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-590">e_1</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-591-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-591">e_2</script> are entity identifiers, denoting
-  entities <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-592-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-592">ent_1
-  = \rho(e_1) \in Entities</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-593-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-593">ent_2 = \rho(e_2) \in Entities</script>.
+<li>[WF] Both <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-595-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-595">e_1</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-596-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-596">e_2</script> are entity identifiers, denoting
+  entities <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-597-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-597">ent_1
+  = \rho(e_1) \in Entities</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-598-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-598">ent_2 = \rho(e_2) \in Entities</script>.
 </li>
 <!--<li>$(ent_1,ent_2) \in SpecializationOf$.-->
-  <li>The two entities present aspects of the same thing, that is, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-594-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-594">thingOf(ent_1) = thingOf(ent_2)</script>.
-</li>
-<li>The lifetime of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-595-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-595">ent_1</script> is contained in that of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-596-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-596">ent_2</script>, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-597-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-597">lifetime(ent_1) \subseteq lifetime(ent_2)</script>.
+  <li>The two entities present aspects of the same thing, that is, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-599-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-599">thingOf(ent_1) = thingOf(ent_2)</script>.
 </li>
-<li>For each attribute <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-598-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-598">attr</script> we have <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-599-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊇</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-599">value(ent_1,attr) \supseteq value(ent_2,attr)</script>.</li>
+<li>The events of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-600-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-600">ent_1</script> is contained in that of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-601-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-601">ent_2</script>, i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-602-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-602">events(ent_1) \subseteq events(ent_2)</script>.
+</li>
+<li>For each attribute <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-603-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-603">attr</script> we have <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-604-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊇</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-604">value(ent_1,attr) \supseteq value(ent_2,attr)</script>.</li>
 <li>At least one of these inclusions is strict: that is, either
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-600-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊊</mo><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-600">lifetime(ent_1) \subsetneq lifetime(ent_2)</script> or for some <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-601-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-601">attr</script> we have
- <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-602-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊋</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-602">value(ent_1,attr) \supsetneq value(ent_2,attr)</script>.
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-605-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊊</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-605">events(ent_1) \subsetneq events(ent_2)</script> or for some <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-606-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-606">attr</script> we have
+ <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-607-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊋</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-607">value(ent_1,attr) \supsetneq value(ent_2,attr)</script>.
 </li>
 </ol>
 </div>
@@ -2428,16 +2398,16 @@
   <li>The two entities are different: $ent_1 \neq ent_2$.
   <li>The two Entities refer to the same Thing, that is, $thingOf(ent_1) = thingOf(ent_2)$.
 </li>
-<li>The lifetime of $ent_1$ is contained in that of $ent_2$, i.e. $lifetime(ent_1) \subseteq lifetime(ent_2)$.
+<li>The events of $ent_1$ is contained in that of $ent_2$, i.e. $events(ent_1) \subseteq events(ent_2)$.
 </li>
 <li>For each attribute $attr$ we have $value(ent_1,attr) \supseteq value(ent_2,attr)$.
 </li></ol>
 -->
 <p>The second criterion says that the two Entities present (possibly different) aspects of
-the same Thing. Note that the third criterion allows <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-603-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-603">ent_1</script> and
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-604-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-604">ent_2</script> to have the same lifetime (or that of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-605-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-605">ent_2</script> can be larger).
-The last criterion allows <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-606-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-606">ent_1</script> to have more defined attributes than
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-607-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-607">ent_2</script>, but they must include the attributes defined by <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-608-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-608">ent_2</script>.  Two
+the same Thing. Note that the third criterion allows <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-608-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-608">ent_1</script> and
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-609-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-609">ent_2</script> to have the same events (or that of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-610-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-610">ent_2</script> can be larger).
+The last criterion allows <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-611-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-611">ent_1</script> to have more defined attributes than
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-612-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-612">ent_2</script>, but they must include the attributes defined by <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-613-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-613">ent_2</script>.  Two
   different entities that have the same attributes can also be related
   by specialization.  The fifth criterion (indirectly) ensures that
   specialization is irreflexive.
@@ -2446,17 +2416,17 @@
 </section>
 <section id="alternate">
 
-<h4><span class="secno">4.4.13 </span> Alternate </h4>
-
-<p>The <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-609-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-609">alternateOf</script> relation indicates when two entity formulas present (possibly different) aspects of the same thing.  The two entities may or may not overlap in time.
+<h4><span class="secno">8.4.13 </span> Alternate </h4>
+
+<p>The <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-614-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-614">alternateOf</script> relation indicates when two entity formulas present (possibly different) aspects of the same thing.  The two entities may or may not overlap in time.
 </p>
 <div class="semantics" id="alternate-semantics" data-count="34" data-title="Semantics 34 (alternate-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#alternate-semantics">Semantics 34 (alternate-semantics)</a></div>
   <p>
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-610-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-610">W,\rho \models alternateOf(e_1,e_2)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-615-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-615">W,\rho \models alternateOf(e_1,e_2)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
 <ol>
-<li>[WF] Both <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-611-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-611">e_1</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-612-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-612">e_2</script> are entity identifiers, denoting <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-613-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-613">ent_1 = \rho(e_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-614-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-614">ent_2 = \rho(e_2)</script>.
+<li>[WF] Both <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-616-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-616">e_1</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-617-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-617">e_2</script> are entity identifiers, denoting <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-618-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-618">ent_1 = \rho(e_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-619-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-619">ent_2 = \rho(e_2)</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The two objects refer to the same underlying Thing: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-615-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-615">thingOf(ent_1) = thingOf(ent_2)</script>
+<li>The two objects refer to the same underlying Thing: <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-620-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-620">thingOf(ent_1) = thingOf(ent_2)</script>
 </li></ol>
 </div>
 
@@ -2466,19 +2436,19 @@
 
 <section id="membership">
 
-<h4><span class="secno">4.4.14 </span> Membership </h4>
-
-<p>The <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-616-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>M</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-616">hadMember</script> relation relates a collection to an element of the collection.
+<h4><span class="secno">8.4.14 </span> Membership </h4>
+
+<p>The <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-621-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>M</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-621">hadMember</script> relation relates a collection to an element of the collection.
 </p>
 <div class="semantics" id="membership-semantics" data-count="35" data-title="Semantics 35 (membership-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#membership-semantics">Semantics 35 (membership-semantics)</a></div>
   <p>
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-617-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>M</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-617">W,\rho \models hadMember(c,e)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-622-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>M</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-622">W,\rho \models hadMember(c,e)</script> holds if and only if:</p>
 <ol>
-<li>[WF] Both <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-618-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-618">e_1</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-619-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-619">e_2</script> are entity identifiers, denoting <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-620-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-620">coll
-  = \rho(c) \in Collections</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-621-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-621">ent = \rho(e) \in Entities</script>.
+<li>[WF] Both <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-623-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-623">e_1</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-624-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-624">e_2</script> are entity identifiers, denoting <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-625-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-625">coll
+  = \rho(c) \in Collections</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-626-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-626">ent = \rho(e) \in Entities</script>.
 </li>
-<li>The entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-622-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-622">ent</script> is a member of the collection <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-623-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-623">coll</script>: that is,
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-624-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>M</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-624">(ent,coll) \in MemberOf</script>.
+<li>The entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-627-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-627">ent</script> is a member of the collection <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-628-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-628">coll</script>: that is,
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-629-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-629">(coll,ent) \in Contains</script>.
 </li></ol>
 </div>
 
@@ -2489,28 +2459,28 @@
 </section>
 
   <section id="semantics-of-auxiliary-formulas">
-  <h3><span class="secno">4.5 </span>Semantics of Auxiliary Formulas</h3>
+  <h3><span class="secno">8.5 </span>Semantics of Auxiliary Formulas</h3>
   
   <p>In this section, we define the semantics of additional formulas
   concerning ordering, null values, and typing.  These are used in the
   logical versions of constraints.</p>
   
   <section id="precedes-and-strictly-precedes">
-  <h4><span class="secno">4.5.1 </span>Precedes and Strictly Precedes</h4>
-  <p>The precedes relation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-625-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-625">x \precedes y</script> holds between two events, one taking
+  <h4><span class="secno">8.5.1 </span>Precedes and Strictly Precedes</h4>
+  <p>The precedes relation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-630-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-630">x \precedes y</script> holds between two events, one taking
   place before (or simultaneously with) another.  Its meaning is
   defined in terms of the quasiordering on events specified by
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-626-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-626">\preceq</script>.  The semantics of strictly precedes (<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-627-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">strictlyPrecedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-627">x
-  \strictlyPrecedes y</script>) is similar, only <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-628-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-628">x</script> must take place strictly
-  before <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-629-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-629">y</script>.  It is interpreted as <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-630-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">≺</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-630">\prec</script>, which we recall is
-  defined from <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-631-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-631">\preceq</script> as <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-632-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">≺</mo><mi>y</mi><mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⟺</mo><mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>y</mi><mtext>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</mtext><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯̸</mo><mi>x</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-632">x \prec y \iff x \preceq y \text{ and } y
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-631-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-631">\preceq</script>.  The semantics of strictly precedes (<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-632-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">strictlyPrecedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-632">x
+  \strictlyPrecedes y</script>) is similar, only <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-633-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-633">x</script> must take place strictly
+  before <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-634-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-634">y</script>.  It is interpreted as <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-635-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">≺</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-635">\prec</script>, which we recall is
+  defined from <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-636-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-636">\preceq</script> as <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-637-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">≺</mo><mi>y</mi><mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⟺</mo><mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>y</mi><mtext>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</mtext><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯̸</mo><mi>x</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-637">x \prec y \iff x \preceq y \text{ and } y
   \not\preceq x</script>.</p>
   <div class="semantics" id="precedes-semantics" data-count="36" data-title="Semantics 36 (precedes-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#precedes-semantics">Semantics 36 (precedes-semantics)</a></div>
     <ol>
-      <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-633-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>x</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-633">W,\rho \models x \precedes y</script> holds if and only if
-      <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-634-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-634">\rho(x),\rho(y) \in Events</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-635-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-635">\rho(x) \preceq\rho(y)</script>.</li>
-      <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-636-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>x</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">strictlyPrecedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-636">W,\rho \models x \strictlyPrecedes y</script> holds if and only if
-       <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-637-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-637">\rho(x),\rho(y) \in Events</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-638-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">≺</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-638">\rho(x) \prec \rho(y)</script>.</li>
+      <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-638-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>x</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-638">W,\rho \models x \precedes y</script> holds if and only if
+      <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-639-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-639">\rho(x),\rho(y) \in Events</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-640-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-640">\rho(x) \preceq\rho(y)</script>.</li>
+      <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-641-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>x</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">strictlyPrecedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-641">W,\rho \models x \strictlyPrecedes y</script> holds if and only if
+       <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-642-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-642">\rho(x),\rho(y) \in Events</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-643-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">≺</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-643">\rho(x) \prec \rho(y)</script>.</li>
     </ol>
   </div>
 
@@ -2524,7 +2494,7 @@
 wasGeneratedBy(gen2; e, a2, 2012-11-16T16:05:00) //different date
 </pre>
     <p>This instance is valid, and must satisfy precedence constraints
-    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-639-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-639">gen_1 \precedes gen_2</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-640-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-640">gen_2 \precedes gen_1</script>, but this does not
+    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-644-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-644">gen_1 \precedes gen_2</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-645-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-645">gen_2 \precedes gen_1</script>, but this does not
     imply anything about the relative orderings of the associated
     times, or vice versa.
     </p>
@@ -2533,12 +2503,12 @@
   </section>
   
   <section id="notnull">
-  <h4><span class="secno">4.5.2 </span>notNull</h4>
-  <p>The <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-641-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-641">notNull(x)</script> formula is used to specify that a value may not
-  be the null value <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-642-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">⊥</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-642">\bot</script>.  The symbol <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-643-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">−</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-643">-</script> always denotes the null
-  value (i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-644-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">⊥</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-644">\rho(-) = \bot</script>).
+  <h4><span class="secno">8.5.2 </span>notNull</h4>
+  <p>The <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-646-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-646">notNull(x)</script> formula is used to specify that a value may not
+  be the null value <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-647-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">⊥</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-647">\bot</script>.  The symbol <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-648-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">−</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-648">-</script> always denotes the null
+  value (i.e. <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-649-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">⊥</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-649">\rho(-) = \bot</script>).
   </p><div class="semantics" id="notNull-semantics" data-count="37" data-title="Semantics 37 (notNull-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#notNull-semantics">Semantics 37 (notNull-semantics)</a></div>
-    <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-645-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-645">W,\rho\models notNull(e)</script> holds if and only if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-646-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">≠</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">⊥</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-646">\rho(e) \neq
+    <p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-650-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-650">W,\rho\models notNull(e)</script> holds if and only if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-651-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">≠</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">⊥</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-651">\rho(e) \neq
   \bot</script>.
       </p>
   </div> 
@@ -2546,23 +2516,23 @@
       </section>
 
   <section id="typeof">
-  <h4><span class="secno">4.5.3 </span>typeOf</h4>
+  <h4><span class="secno">8.5.3 </span>typeOf</h4>
   
-  <p>The typing formula <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-647-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-647">typeOf(x,t)</script> constrains the type of the value of
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-648-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-648">x</script>.  </p>
+  <p>The typing formula <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-652-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-652">typeOf(x,t)</script> constrains the type of the value of
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-653-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-653">x</script>.  </p>
 
   <div class="semantics" id="typeOf-semantics" data-count="38" data-title="Semantics 38 (typeOf-semantics)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#typeOf-semantics">Semantics 38 (typeOf-semantics)</a></div>
-    <ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-649-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-649">W,\rho\models typeOf(e,entity)</script> holds if and only if
-      <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-650-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-650">\rho(e) \in Entities</script>.</li>
-      <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-651-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-651">W,\rho\models typeOf(a,activity)</script> holds if and only if
-      <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-652-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-652">\rho(a) \in Activities</script>.</li>
-      <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-653-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-653">W,\rho\models typeOf(ag,agent)</script> holds if and only if
-      <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-654-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-654">\rho(ag) \in Agents</script>.</li>
-      <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-655-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-655">W,\rho\models typeOf(c,Collection)</script> holds if and only if
-      <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-656-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-656">\rho(c) \in Collections</script>.</li>
-      <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-657-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-657">W,\rho\models typeOf(c,EmptyCollection)</script> holds if and only if
-      <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-658-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-658">\rho(c) \in Collections</script> and there is no <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-659-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-659">e \in Entities</script> such
-    that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-660-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>M</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-660">(e,\rho(c)) \in MemberOf</script>.</li>
+    <ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-654-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-654">W,\rho\models typeOf(e,entity)</script> holds if and only if
+      <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-655-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-655">\rho(e) \in Entities</script>.</li>
+      <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-656-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-656">W,\rho\models typeOf(a,activity)</script> holds if and only if
+      <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-657-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-657">\rho(a) \in Activities</script>.</li>
+      <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-658-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-658">W,\rho\models typeOf(ag,agent)</script> holds if and only if
+      <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-659-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-659">\rho(ag) \in Agents</script>.</li>
+      <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-660-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-660">W,\rho\models typeOf(c,Collection)</script> holds if and only if
+      <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-661-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-661">\rho(c) \in Collections</script>.</li>
+      <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-662-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-662">W,\rho\models typeOf(c,EmptyCollection)</script> holds if and only if
+      <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-663-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-663">\rho(c) \in Collections</script> and there is no <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-664-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-664">e \in Entities</script> such
+    that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-665-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-665">(\rho(c),e) \in  Contains</script>.</li>
       </ol>
       
     </div>
@@ -2573,7 +2543,7 @@
     </section>
     
 <section id="theory">
-<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">5. </span> Inferences and Constraints </h2>
+<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">9. </span> Inferences and Constraints </h2>
 
     <p>
     In this section we restate all of the inferences and constraints
@@ -2584,9 +2554,9 @@
     needed for expanding the abbreviated forms of PROV-N statements to
     the logical formulas used here.</p>
 <section id="inferences">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.1 </span>Inferences</h3>
-
-<div class="inference" id="communication-generation-use-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#communication-generation-use-inference">Inference 5 (communication-generation-use-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-661-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-661">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<h3><span class="secno">9.1 </span>Inferences</h3>
+
+<div class="inference" id="communication-generation-use-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#communication-generation-use-inference">Inference 5 (communication-generation-use-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-666-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-666">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,a_2,a_1,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasInformedBy(id,a_2,a_1,attrs)
@@ -2596,9 +2566,9 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-<p> This follows immediately from the semantics of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-662-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-662">wasInformedBy</script>.</p>
+<p> This follows immediately from the semantics of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-667-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-667">wasInformedBy</script>.</p>
   </div>
-<div class="inference" id="generation-use-communication-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#generation-use-communication-inference">Inference 6 (generation-use-communication-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-663-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-663">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="inference" id="generation-use-communication-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#generation-use-communication-inference">Inference 6 (generation-use-communication-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-668-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-668">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall gen,e,a_1,t_1,attrs_1,use,a_2,t_2,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasGeneratedBy(gen,e,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge used(use,a_2,e,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -2607,9 +2577,9 @@
 \exists id.~wasInformedBy(id,a_2,a_1,[])
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
-<p> This follows from the semantics of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-664-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-664">wasInformedBy</script> and <a href="#axiom1">Axiom 1</a>.</p>
+<p> This follows from the semantics of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-669-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-669">wasInformedBy</script> and <a href="#axiom1">Axiom 1</a>.</p>
   </div>
-<div class="inference" id="entity-generation-invalidation-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#entity-generation-invalidation-inference">Inference 7 (entity-generation-invalidation-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-665-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-665">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="inference" id="entity-generation-invalidation-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#entity-generation-invalidation-inference">Inference 7 (entity-generation-invalidation-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-670-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-670">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall e,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad entity(e,attrs)
@@ -2619,11 +2589,10 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p> This follows from the semantics of entity formulas, specifically
-  the requirement that generation and invalidation events exist for
-  the entity.</p>
+  <p> This follows from <a href="#axiom2">Axiom 2</a>, which
+  requires that generation and invalidation events exist for each entity.</p>
   </div>
-<div class="inference" id="activity-start-end-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#activity-start-end-inference">Inference 8 (activity-start-end-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-666-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-666">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="inference" id="activity-start-end-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#activity-start-end-inference">Inference 8 (activity-start-end-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-671-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-671">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall a,t_1,t_2,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad activity(a,t_1,t_2,attrs)
@@ -2639,7 +2608,7 @@
   </div>
 
   
-<div class="inference" id="wasStartedBy-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#wasStartedBy-inference">Inference 9 (wasStartedBy-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-667-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-667">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="inference" id="wasStartedBy-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#wasStartedBy-inference">Inference 9 (wasStartedBy-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-672-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-672">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,a,e_1,a_1,t,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasStartedBy(id,a,e_1,a_1,t,attrs)
@@ -2649,9 +2618,9 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom2">Axiom 2</a>.</p>
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom3">Axiom 3</a>.</p>
   </div>
-<div class="inference" id="wasEndedBy-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#wasEndedBy-inference">Inference 10 (wasEndedBy-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-668-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-668">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="inference" id="wasEndedBy-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#wasEndedBy-inference">Inference 10 (wasEndedBy-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-673-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-673">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,a,e_1,a_1,t,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasEndedBy(id,a,e_1,a_1,t,attrs)
@@ -2661,10 +2630,10 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom3">Axiom 3</a>.</p>
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom4">Axiom 4</a>.</p>
   </div>
 <div class="inference" id="derivation-generation-use-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#derivation-generation-use-inference">Inference 11 (derivation-generation-use-inference)</a></div>
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-669-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-669">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-674-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-674">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,e_2,e_1,a,gen_2,use_1,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad notNull(a) \wedge notNull(gen_2) \wedge notNull(use_1) \wedge wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,a,gen_2,use_1,attrs)
@@ -2678,7 +2647,7 @@
   </div>
   
 <div class="inference" id="revision-is-alternate-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#revision-is-alternate-inference">Inference 12 (revision-is-alternate-inference)</a></div>
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-670-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>R</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-670">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-675-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>R</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-675">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,e_1,e_2,a,g,u.~
 \\
 \qquad wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,a,g,u,[prov:type = prov:Revision]))
@@ -2688,9 +2657,9 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p> This follows from the semantics of derivation steps (precise or
-  imprecise) and <a href="#axiom4">Axiom 4</a>.</p>
+  imprecise) and <a href="#axiom5">Axiom 5</a>.</p>
   </div>
-<div class="inference" id="attribution-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#attribution-inference">Inference 13 (attribution-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-671-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-671">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="inference" id="attribution-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#attribution-inference">Inference 13 (attribution-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-676-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-676">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall att,e,ag,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasAttributedTo(att,e,ag,attrs)
@@ -2700,10 +2669,10 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p>This follows from the semantics of generation, association, and
-  attribution, by <a href="#axiom5">Axiom 5</a>.</p>
+  attribution, by <a href="#axiom6">Axiom 6</a>.</p>
   </div>
   
-<div class="inference" id="delegation-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#delegation-inference">Inference 14 (delegation-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-672-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>i</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-672">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="inference" id="delegation-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#delegation-inference">Inference 14 (delegation-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-677-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∃</mi><mi>i</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-677">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,ag_1,ag_2,a,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad actedOnBehalfOf(id,ag_1,ag_2,a,attrs)
@@ -2712,51 +2681,51 @@
 \exists id_1,pl_1,id_2,pl_2.~wasAssociatedWith(id_1,a,ag_1,pl_1,[]) \wedge wasAssociatedWith(id_2,a,ag_2,pl_2,[])
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from the semantics of association and delegation, by <a href="#axiom6">Axiom 6</a>.</p>
+  <p>This follows from the semantics of association and delegation, by <a href="#axiom7">Axiom 7</a>.</p>
   </div>
-<div class="inference" id="influence-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#influence-inference">Inference 15 (influence-inference)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-673-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-673">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="inference" id="influence-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#influence-inference">Inference 15 (influence-inference)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-678-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-678">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,e,a,t,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasGeneratedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 wasInfluencedBy(id,e,a,attrs)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-674-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-674">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-679-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-679">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,a,e,t,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad used(id,a,e,t,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 wasInfluencedBy(id,a,e,attrs)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-675-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-675">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-680-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-680">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,a_2,a_1,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasInformedBy(id,a_2,a_1,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 wasInfluencedBy(id,a_2,a_1,attrs)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-676-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-676">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-681-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-681">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasStartedBy(id,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 wasInfluencedBy(id,a_2,e,attrs)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-677-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-677">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-682-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-682">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasEndedBy(id,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 wasInfluencedBy(id,a_2,e,attrs)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-678-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-678">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-683-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-683">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,e,a,t,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasInvalidatedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 wasInfluencedBy(id,e,a,attrs)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-679-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-679">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-684-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-684">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,e_2,e_1,a,g,u,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,a,g,u,attrs)
@@ -2764,7 +2733,7 @@
 \quad\Rightarrow
 wasInfluencedBy(id,e_2,e_1,attrs)
 \end{array}</script></li><li>
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-680-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-680">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-685-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-685">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,e,ag,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasAttributedTo(id,e,ag,attrs)
@@ -2772,14 +2741,14 @@
 \quad\Rightarrow
 wasInfluencedBy(id,e,ag,attrs)
 \end{array}</script></li><li>
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-681-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-681">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-686-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-686">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,a,ag,pl,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasAssociatedWith(id,a,ag,pl,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 wasInfluencedBy(id,a,ag,attrs)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-682-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-682">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-687-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-687">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,ag_2,ag_1,a,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad actedOnBehalfOf(id,ag_2,ag_1,a,attrs)
@@ -2789,9 +2758,9 @@
 \end{array}</script></li></ol></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows via <a href="#axiom7">Axioms 7</a> through <a href="#axiom16">16</a>.
+  <p>This follows via <a href="#axiom8">Axioms 8</a> through <a href="#axiom17">17</a>.
   </p></div>
-<div class="inference" id="alternate-reflexive"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#alternate-reflexive">Inference 16 (alternate-reflexive)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-683-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-683">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="inference" id="alternate-reflexive"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#alternate-reflexive">Inference 16 (alternate-reflexive)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-688-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-688">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall e.~
 \\
 \qquad entity(e)
@@ -2800,10 +2769,10 @@
 alternateOf(e,e)
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
-  <p> Suppose <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-684-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-684">ent = \rho(e)</script>.  Clearly <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-685-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-685">ent \in Entities</script> and
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-686-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-686">thingOf(ent) = thingOf(ent)</script>, so <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-687-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-687">W,\rho \models alternateOf(e,e)</script>.</p>
+  <p> Suppose <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-689-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-689">ent = \rho(e)</script>.  Clearly <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-690-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-690">ent \in Entities</script> and
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-691-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-691">thingOf(ent) = thingOf(ent)</script>, so <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-692-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-692">W,\rho \models alternateOf(e,e)</script>.</p>
   </div>
-<div class="inference" id="alternate-transitive"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#alternate-transitive">Inference 17 (alternate-transitive)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-688-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-688">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="inference" id="alternate-transitive"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#alternate-transitive">Inference 17 (alternate-transitive)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-693-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-693">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall e_1,e_2,e_3.~
 \\
 \qquad alternateOf(e_1,e_2) \wedge alternateOf(e_2,e_3)
@@ -2812,13 +2781,13 @@
 alternateOf(e_1,e_3)
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
-  <p> Suppose <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-689-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-689">ent_1 = \rho(e_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-690-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-690">ent_2 = \rho(e_2)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-691-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-691">ent_3 = \rho(e_3)</script>.  Then  by
-  assumption <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-692-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-692">ent_1</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-693-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-693">ent_2</script>, and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-694-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-694">ent_3</script> are in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-695-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-695">Entities</script> and
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-696-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-696">thingOf(e_1) = thingOf(e_2)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-697-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-697">thingOf(e_2) = thingOf(e_3)</script>, so
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-698-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-698">thingOf(e_1) = thingOf(e_3)</script>, as required to conclude <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-699-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-699">W,\rho
+  <p> Suppose <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-694-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-694">ent_1 = \rho(e_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-695-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-695">ent_2 = \rho(e_2)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-696-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-696">ent_3 = \rho(e_3)</script>.  Then  by
+  assumption <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-697-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-697">ent_1</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-698-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-698">ent_2</script>, and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-699-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-699">ent_3</script> are in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-700-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-700">Entities</script> and
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-701-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-701">thingOf(e_1) = thingOf(e_2)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-702-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-702">thingOf(e_2) = thingOf(e_3)</script>, so
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-703-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-703">thingOf(e_1) = thingOf(e_3)</script>, as required to conclude <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-704-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-704">W,\rho
   \models alternateOf(e_1,e_3)</script>.</p>
   </div>
-<div class="inference" id="alternate-symmetric"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#alternate-symmetric">Inference 18 (alternate-symmetric)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-700-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-700">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="inference" id="alternate-symmetric"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#alternate-symmetric">Inference 18 (alternate-symmetric)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-705-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-705">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall e_1,e_2.~
 \\
 \qquad alternateOf(e_1,e_2)
@@ -2827,13 +2796,13 @@
 alternateOf(e_2,e_1)
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
-  <p> Suppose <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-701-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-701">ent_1 = \rho(e_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-702-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-702">ent_2 = \rho(e_2)</script>.  Then  by
-  assumption both <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-703-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-703">ent_1</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-704-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-704">ent_2</script> are in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-705-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-705">Entities</script> and
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-706-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-706">thingOf(e_1) = thingOf(e_2)</script>, as required to conclude <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-707-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-707">W,\rho
+  <p> Suppose <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-706-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-706">ent_1 = \rho(e_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-707-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-707">ent_2 = \rho(e_2)</script>.  Then  by
+  assumption both <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-708-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-708">ent_1</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-709-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-709">ent_2</script> are in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-710-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-710">Entities</script> and
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-711-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-711">thingOf(e_1) = thingOf(e_2)</script>, as required to conclude <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-712-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-712">W,\rho
   \models alternateOf(e_2,e_1)</script>.</p>
   </div>
   
-<div class="inference" id="specialization-transitive"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#specialization-transitive">Inference 19 (specialization-transitive)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-708-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-708">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="inference" id="specialization-transitive"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#specialization-transitive">Inference 19 (specialization-transitive)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-713-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-713">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall e_1,e_2,e_3.~
 \\
 \qquad specializationOf(e_1,e_2) \wedge specializationOf(e_2,e_3)
@@ -2842,20 +2811,20 @@
 specializationOf(e_1,e_3)
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
-  <p> Suppose the conditions for specialization hold of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-709-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-709">ent_1</script> and
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-710-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-710">ent_2</script> and for <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-711-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-711">ent_2</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-712-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-712">ent_3</script>, where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-713-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-713">ent_1 = \rho(e_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-714-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-714">ent_2 = \rho(e_2)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-715-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-715">ent_3 =
-  \rho(e_3)</script>. Then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-716-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-716">lifetime(e_1) \subseteq lifetime(e_2) \subseteq
-  lifetime(e_3)</script>.  Moreover, 
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-717-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊇</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-717">value(obj_2,attr) \supseteq value(obj_3,attr)</script>, and similarly
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-718-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊇</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-718">value(obj_1,attr)\supseteq value(obj_2,attr)</script> so <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-719-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊇</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-719">value(obj_1,attr)
+  <p> Suppose the conditions for specialization hold of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-714-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-714">ent_1</script> and
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-715-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-715">ent_2</script> and for <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-716-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-716">ent_2</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-717-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-717">ent_3</script>, where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-718-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-718">ent_1 = \rho(e_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-719-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-719">ent_2 = \rho(e_2)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-720-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-720">ent_3 =
+  \rho(e_3)</script>. Then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-721-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊆</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-721">events(e_1) \subseteq events(e_2) \subseteq
+  events(e_3)</script>.  Moreover, 
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-722-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊇</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-722">value(obj_2,attr) \supseteq value(obj_3,attr)</script>, and similarly
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-723-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊇</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-723">value(obj_1,attr)\supseteq value(obj_2,attr)</script> so <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-724-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊇</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-724">value(obj_1,attr)
   \supseteq value(obj_3,attr)</script>.  Finally, at least one of the
-  inclusions between <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-720-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-720">obj_1</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-721-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-721">obj_2</script> is strict, so the same is the
-  case for <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-722-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-722">obj_1</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-723-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-723">obj_3</script>.
+  inclusions between <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-725-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-725">obj_1</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-726-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-726">obj_2</script> is strict, so the same is the
+  case for <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-727-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-727">obj_1</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-728-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>o</mi><mi>b</mi><msub><mi>j</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-728">obj_3</script>.
 </p>
 </div>
 
 
-<div class="inference" id="specialization-alternate-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#specialization-alternate-inference">Inference 20 (specialization-alternate-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-724-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-724">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="inference" id="specialization-alternate-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#specialization-alternate-inference">Inference 20 (specialization-alternate-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-729-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-729">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall e_1,e_2.~
 \\
 \qquad specializationOf(e_1,e_2)
@@ -2864,12 +2833,12 @@
 alternateOf(e_1,e_2)
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
-  <p> If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-725-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-725">ent_1=\rho(e_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-726-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-726">ent_2 = \rho(e_2)</script> are
-  specializations, then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-727-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-727">thingOf(ent_1) = thingOf(ent_2)</script>.
+  <p> If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-730-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-730">ent_1=\rho(e_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-731-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-731">ent_2 = \rho(e_2)</script> are
+  specializations, then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-732-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-732">thingOf(ent_1) = thingOf(ent_2)</script>.
 </p>
 </div>
 
-<div class="inference" id="specialization-attributes-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#specialization-attributes-inference">Inference 21 (specialization-attributes-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-728-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-728">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="inference" id="specialization-attributes-inference"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#specialization-attributes-inference">Inference 21 (specialization-attributes-inference)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-733-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-733">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall e_1,attrs,e_2.~
 \\
 \qquad entity(e_1,attrs) \wedge specializationOf(e_2,e_1)
@@ -2879,31 +2848,28 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 </section>
 <div class="proof">
-  <p> Suppose <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-729-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-729">ent_1 = \rho(e_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-730-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-730">ent_2 = \rho(e_2)</script>.  Suppose
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-731-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-731">(att,v)</script> is an attribute-value pair in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-732-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-732">attrs</script>.  Since
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-733-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-733">entity(e_1,attrs)</script> holds, we know that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-734-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-734">v \in value(ent_1,att)</script>.
-  Thus <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-735-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-735">v \in value(ent_2,att)</script> since <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-736-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊇</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-736">value(ent_2,att) \supseteq value(ent_1,att)</script>.  Since
-  this is the case for all attribute-value pairs in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-737-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-737">attrs</script>, and since
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-738-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-738">e_2</script> obviously denotes an entity, we can conclude <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-739-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-739">W,\rho \models entity(e_2,attrs)</script>.
+  <p> Suppose <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-734-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-734">ent_1 = \rho(e_1)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-735-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-735">ent_2 = \rho(e_2)</script>.  Suppose
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-736-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-736">(att,v)</script> is an attribute-value pair in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-737-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-737">attrs</script>.  Since
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-738-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-738">entity(e_1,attrs)</script> holds, we know that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-739-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-739">v \in value(ent_1,att)</script>.
+  Thus <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-740-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-740">v \in value(ent_2,att)</script> since <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-741-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊇</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-741">value(ent_2,att) \supseteq value(ent_1,att)</script>.  Since
+  this is the case for all attribute-value pairs in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-742-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-742">attrs</script>, and since
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-743-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-743">e_2</script> obviously denotes an entity, we can conclude <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-744-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-744">W,\rho \models entity(e_2,attrs)</script>.
   </p>
 </div>
-<div class="todo"> <p> How do we know <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-740-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-740">e_2</script> has
-  generation/invalidation events?  May need axiom.</p>
-  </div>
 <section id="constraints">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.2 </span>Constraints</h3>
+<h3><span class="secno">9.2 </span>Constraints</h3>
 <section id="uniqueness-constraints">
-<h4><span class="secno">5.2.1 </span>Uniqueness constraints</h4>
+<h4><span class="secno">9.2.1 </span>Uniqueness constraints</h4>
 
 <div class="constraint" id="key-object"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#key-object">Constraint 22 (key-object)</a></div>
-  <ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-741-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-741">\forall
+  <ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-745-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-745">\forall
   id,attrs_1,attrs_2. entity(id,attrs_1) \wedge entity(id,attrs_2)
   \Rightarrow entity(id,attrs_1\cup attrs_2)</script></li>
-  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-742-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-742">\forall
+  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-746-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-746">\forall
   id,t_1,t_1',t_2,t_2',attrs_1,attrs_2.~ activity(id,t_1,t_2,attrs_1)
   \wedge activity(id,t_1',t_2',attrs_2) \Rightarrow
   activity(id,t_1,t_2,attrs_1\cup attrs_2) \wedge t_1=t_1' \wedge t_2=t_2'</script></li>
-  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-743-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-743">\forall
+  <li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-747-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-747">\forall
   id,attrs_1,attrs_2. agent(id,attrs_1) \wedge agent(id,attrs_2)
   \Rightarrow agent(id,attrs_1\cup attrs_2)</script>.</li></ol></div>
   <div class="proof">
@@ -2912,7 +2878,7 @@
   for the underlying data.</p>
     </div>
 <div class="constraint" id="key-properties"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#key-properties">Constraint 23 (key-properties)</a></div>
-  <ol><li><br><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-744-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-744">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+  <ol><li><br><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-748-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-748">\begin{array}[t]{l}
     \forall
   id,e,e',a,a',t,t',attrs_1,attrs_2.~ \\
     wasGeneratedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs)
@@ -2920,61 +2886,61 @@
     \quad \Rightarrow
   wasGeneratedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs_1 \cup attrs_2) \wedge e=e' \wedge
   a=a' \wedge t = t'\end{array}</script></li>
-    <li><br> <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-745-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-745">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
+    <li><br> <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-749-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-749">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
   id,e,e',a,a',t,t',attrs_1,attrs_2.~ \\used(id,a,e,t,attrs)
   \wedge used(id,a',e',t',attrs_2)\\ \quad \Rightarrow
   used(id,a,e',t,attrs_1 \cup attrs_2) \wedge e=e' \wedge
   a=a' \wedge t = t'
     \end{array}</script></li>
-    <li><br> <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-746-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-746">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
+    <li><br> <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-750-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-750">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
   id,a_1,a_2,a_1',a_2',attrs_1,attrs_2.~ \\wasInformedBy(id,a_1,a_2,attrs)
   \wedge wasInformedBy(id,a_1',a_2',attrs_2)\\ \Rightarrow
   wasInformedBy(id,a_1,a_2,attrs_1 \cup attrs_2) \wedge a_1=a_1'
   \wedge a_2=a_2'
     \end{array}</script></li>
-    <li><br> <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-747-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-747">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
+    <li><br> <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-751-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-751">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
   id,e,e'a_1,a_2,a_1',a_2',t,t',attrs_1,attrs_2.~ \\wasStartedBy(id,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs_1)
   \wedge wasStartedBy(id,a_2',e',a_1',t',attrs_2)\\ \Rightarrow
   wasStartedBy(id,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs_1 \cup attrs_2) \wedge a_1=a_1'
   \wedge e=e' \wedge
   a_2=a_2' \wedge t = t'
     \end{array}</script></li>
-    <li><br><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-748-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-748">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
+    <li><br><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-752-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-752">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
   id,e,e'a_1,a_2,a_1',a_2',t,t',attrs_1,attrs_2.~ \\wasEndedBy(id,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs_1)
   \wedge wasEndedBy(id,a_2',e',a_1',t',attrs_2)\\ \Rightarrow
   wasEndedBy(id,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs_1 \cup attrs_2) \wedge a_1=a_1'
   \wedge e=e' \wedge
   a_2=a_2' \wedge t = t'
     \end{array}</script></li>
-    <li><br><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-749-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-749">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
+    <li><br><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-753-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-753">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
   id,e,e',a,a',t,t',attrs_1,attrs_2.~ \\wasInvalidatedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs_1)
   \wedge wasInvalidatedBy(id,e',a',t',attrs_2)\\ \Rightarrow
   wasInvalidatedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs_1 \cup attrs_2) \wedge e=e' \wedge
   a=a' \wedge t = t'
     \end{array}</script></li>
-    <li><br><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-750-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>u</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>u</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>u</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-750">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
+    <li><br><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-754-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>u</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>u</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>u</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-754">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
   id,e_1,e_1',e_2,e_2',a,a',g,g',u,u',attrs_1,attrs_2.~ \\wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,a,g_2,u_1,attrs_1)
   \wedge wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2',e_1',a',g_2',u_1',attrs_2)\\ \Rightarrow
   wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,a,g_2,u_1,attrs_1 \cup attrs_2) \wedge e_1=e_1'\wedge e_2=e_2'\wedge a=a'\wedge g=g'\wedge u=u'
     \end{array}</script></li>
-    <li><br> <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-751-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>a</mi><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-751">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
+    <li><br> <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-755-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>a</mi><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-755">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
   id,e,e',ag,ag',attrs_1,attrs_2.~ \\wasAttributedTo(id,e,ag,attrs_1)
   \wedge wasAttributedTo(id,e',ag',attrs_2)\\ \Rightarrow
   wasAttributedTo(id,e,ag,attrs_1 \cup attrs_2) \wedge e=e' \wedge ag = ag'
     \end{array}</script></li>
-    <li> <br><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-752-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msup><mi>l</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msup><mi>l</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>a</mi><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>p</mi><msup><mi>l</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-752">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
+    <li> <br><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-756-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msup><mi>l</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><msup><mi>l</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>a</mi><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>p</mi><msup><mi>l</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-756">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
   id,a,a',ag,ag',pl,pl',attrs_1,attrs_2.~ \\wasAssociatedWith(id,a,ag,pl,attrs_1)
   \wedge wasAssociatedWith(id,a',ag',pl',attrs_2)\\ \Rightarrow
   wasAssociatedWith(id,a,ag,pl,attrs_1 \cup attrs_2) \wedge a=a'
   \wedge ag=ag'   \wedge pl=pl'
     \end{array}</script></li>
-    <li><br><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-753-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msubsup><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msubsup><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msubsup><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msubsup><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>a</mi><msubsup><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>a</mi><msubsup><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-753">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
+    <li><br><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-757-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msubsup><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msubsup><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msubsup><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msubsup><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>a</mi><msubsup><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>a</mi><msubsup><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-757">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
   id,ag_1,ag_1',ag_2,ag_2',a,a',attrs_1,attrs_2.~ \\actedOnBehalfOf(id,ag_2,ag_1,a,attrs_1)
   \wedge actedOnBehalfOf(id,ag_2',ag_1',a',attrs_2)\\ \Rightarrow
   actedOnBehalfOf(id,ag_2,ag_1,a,attrs_1 \cup attrs_2) \wedge
   ag_1=ag_1' \wedge ag_2 = ag_2' \wedge a = a'
     \end{array}</script></li>
-    <li><br><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-754-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-754">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
+    <li><br><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-758-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>o</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><msub><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msubsup><mi>o</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-758">\begin{array}[t]{l}\forall
   id,o_1,o_2,o_1',o_2',attrs_1,attrs_2.~ \\wasInfluencedBy(id,o_2',o_1',attrs_1)
   \wedge wasInfluencedBy(id,o_2',o_1',attrs_2)\\ \Rightarrow
   wasInfluencedBy(id,o_2,o_1,attrs_1 \cup attrs_2) \wedge o_1=o_1'
@@ -2986,7 +2952,7 @@
   semantics of the respective assertions, again because functions are
   used for the underlying data.</p>
     </div>
-<div class="constraint" id="unique-generation"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#unique-generation">Constraint 24 (unique-generation)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-755-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-755">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="unique-generation"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#unique-generation">Constraint 24 (unique-generation)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-759-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-759">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall gen_1,gen_2,e,a,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasGeneratedBy(gen_1,e,a,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasGeneratedBy(gen_2,e,a,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -2996,10 +2962,10 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p>
-  This follows from <a href="#axiom17">Axiom 17</a>.
+  This follows from <a href="#axiom18">Axiom 18</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
-<div class="constraint" id="unique-invalidation"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#unique-invalidation">Constraint 25 (unique-invalidation)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-756-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-756">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="unique-invalidation"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#unique-invalidation">Constraint 25 (unique-invalidation)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-760-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-760">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall inv_1,inv_2,e,a,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasInvalidatedBy(inv_1,e,a,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasInvalidatedBy(inv_2,e,a,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3009,10 +2975,10 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p>
-  This follows from <a href="#axiom17">Axiom 18</a>.
+  This follows from <a href="#axiom19">Axiom 19</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
-<div class="constraint" id="unique-wasStartedBy"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#unique-wasStartedBy">Constraint 26 (unique-wasStartedBy)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-757-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-757">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="unique-wasStartedBy"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#unique-wasStartedBy">Constraint 26 (unique-wasStartedBy)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-761-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-761">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall start_1,start_2,a,e_1,e_2,a_0,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasStartedBy(start_1,a,e_1,a_0,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasStartedBy(start_2,a,e_2,a_0,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3022,11 +2988,11 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p>
-  This follows from <a href="#axiom17">Axiom 19</a>.
+  This follows from <a href="#axiom20">Axiom 20</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
-<div class="constraint" id="unique-wasEndedBy"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#unique-wasEndedBy">Constraint 27 (unique-wasEndedBy)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-758-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-758">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="unique-wasEndedBy"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#unique-wasEndedBy">Constraint 27 (unique-wasEndedBy)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-762-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-762">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall end_1,end_2,a,e_1,e_2,a_0,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasEndedBy(end_1,a,e_1,a_0,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasEndedBy(end_2,a,e_2,a_0,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3036,10 +3002,10 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p>
-  This follows from <a href="#axiom17">Axiom 20</a>.
+  This follows from <a href="#axiom21">Axiom 21</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
-<div class="constraint" id="unique-startTime"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#unique-startTime">Constraint 28 (unique-startTime)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-759-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-759">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="unique-startTime"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#unique-startTime">Constraint 28 (unique-startTime)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-763-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-763">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall start,a_1,a_2,t,t_1,t_2,e,attrs,attrs_1.~
 \\
 \qquad activity(a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs) \wedge wasStartedBy(start,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs_1)
@@ -3049,11 +3015,11 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p>
-  This follows from the semantics of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-760-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-760">wasStartedBy</script>, since the start times
+  This follows from the semantics of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-764-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-764">wasStartedBy</script>, since the start times
   must both match that of the activity.
   </p>
   </div>
-<div class="constraint" id="unique-endTime"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#unique-endTime">Constraint 29 (unique-endTime)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-761-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-761">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="unique-endTime"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#unique-endTime">Constraint 29 (unique-endTime)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-765-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>t</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-765">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall end,a_1,a_2,t,t_1,t_2,e,attrs,attrs_1.~
 \\
 \qquad activity(a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs) \wedge wasEndedBy(end,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs_1)
@@ -3063,17 +3029,17 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p>
-  This follows from the semantics of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-762-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-762">wasEndedBy</script>, since the end times
+  This follows from the semantics of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-766-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-766">wasEndedBy</script>, since the end times
   must both match that of the activity.
   </p>
   </div>
 </section>
 
 <section id="ordering-constraints">
-<h4><span class="secno">5.2.2 </span>Ordering constraints</h4>
-
-
-<div class="constraint" id="start-precedes-end"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#start-precedes-end">Constraint 30 (start-precedes-end)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-763-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-763">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<h4><span class="secno">9.2.2 </span>Ordering constraints</h4>
+
+
+<div class="constraint" id="start-precedes-end"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#start-precedes-end">Constraint 30 (start-precedes-end)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-767-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-767">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall start,end,a,e_1,e_2,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasStartedBy(start,a,e_1,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasEndedBy(end,a,e_2,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3082,11 +3048,11 @@
 start \precedes end
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom21">Axiom 21</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom22">Axiom 22</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
   
-<div class="constraint" id="start-start-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#start-start-ordering">Constraint 31 (start-start-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-764-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-764">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="start-start-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#start-start-ordering">Constraint 31 (start-start-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-768-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-768">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall start_1,start_2,a,e_1,e_2,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasStartedBy(start_1,a,e_1,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasStartedBy(start_2,a,e_2,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3095,11 +3061,11 @@
 start_1 \precedes start_2
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom21">Axiom 21</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom22">Axiom 22</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
   
-<div class="constraint" id="end-end-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#end-end-ordering">Constraint 32 (end-end-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-765-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-765">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="end-end-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#end-end-ordering">Constraint 32 (end-end-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-769-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-769">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall end_1,end_2,a,e_1,e_2,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasEndedBy(end_1,a,e_1,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasEndedBy(end_2,a,e_2,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3112,14 +3078,14 @@
   </p>
   </div>
   
-<div class="constraint" id="usage-within-activity"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#usage-within-activity">Constraint 33 (usage-within-activity)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-766-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-766">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="usage-within-activity"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#usage-within-activity">Constraint 33 (usage-within-activity)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-770-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-770">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall start,use,a,e_1,e_2,a_1,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasStartedBy(start,a,e_1,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge used(use,a,e_2,t_2,attrs_2)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 start \precedes use
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-767-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-767">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-771-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-771">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall use,end,a,e_1,e_2,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad used(use,a,e_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasEndedBy(end,a,e_2,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3128,19 +3094,19 @@
 use \precedes end
 \end{array}</script></li></ol></div>
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>Part 1 follows from <a href="#axiom21">Axiom 21</a> and part 2
-  follows from <a href="#axiom22">Axiom 22</a>.
+  <p>Part 1 follows from <a href="#axiom22">Axiom 22</a> and part 2
+  follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 23</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
   
-<div class="constraint" id="generation-within-activity"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#generation-within-activity">Constraint 34 (generation-within-activity)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-768-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-768">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="generation-within-activity"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#generation-within-activity">Constraint 34 (generation-within-activity)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-772-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-772">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall start,gen,e_1,e_2,a,a_1,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasStartedBy(start,a,e_1,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasGeneratedBy(gen,e_2,a,t_2,attrs_2)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 start \precedes gen
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-769-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-769">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-773-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-773">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall gen,end,e,e_1,a,a_1,t,t_1,attrs,attrs_1.~
 \\
 \qquad wasGeneratedBy(gen,e,a,t,attrs) \wedge wasEndedBy(end,a,e_1,a_1,t_1,attrs_1)
@@ -3149,12 +3115,12 @@
 gen \precedes end
 \end{array}</script></li></ol></div>
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>Part 1 follows from <a href="#axiom21">Axiom 21</a> and part 2
-  follows from <a href="#axiom22">Axiom 22</a>.
+  <p>Part 1 follows from <a href="#axiom22">Axiom 22</a> and part 2
+  follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 23</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
   
-<div class="constraint" id="wasInformedBy-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#wasInformedBy-ordering">Constraint 35 (wasInformedBy-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-770-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-770">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="wasInformedBy-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#wasInformedBy-ordering">Constraint 35 (wasInformedBy-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-774-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-774">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,start,end,a_1,a_1',a_2,a_2',e_1,e_2,t_1,t_2,attrs,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasInformedBy(id,a_2,a_1,attrs) \wedge wasStartedBy(start,a_1,e_1,a_1',t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasEndedBy(end,a_2,e_2,a_2',t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3163,14 +3129,14 @@
 start \precedes end
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from the semantics of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-771-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-771">wasInformedBy</script> and the
-  previous two constraints, because <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-772-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-772">wasInformedBy</script> implies the
-  existence of intermediate generation and usage events linking <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-773-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-773">a_1</script>
-  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-774-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-774">a_2</script>.
+  <p>This follows from the semantics of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-775-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-775">wasInformedBy</script> and the
+  previous two constraints, because <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-776-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-776">wasInformedBy</script> implies the
+  existence of intermediate generation and usage events linking <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-777-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-777">a_1</script>
+  and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-778-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-778">a_2</script>.
   </p>
   </div>
   
-<div class="constraint" id="generation-precedes-invalidation"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#generation-precedes-invalidation">Constraint 36 (generation-precedes-invalidation)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-775-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-775">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="generation-precedes-invalidation"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#generation-precedes-invalidation">Constraint 36 (generation-precedes-invalidation)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-779-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-779">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall gen,inv,e,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasGeneratedBy(gen,e,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasInvalidatedBy(inv,e,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3180,11 +3146,11 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom22">Axiom 22</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 23</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
-  <div class="constraint" id="generation-precedes-usage"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#generation-precedes-usage">Constraint 37 (generation-precedes-usage)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-776-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-776">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+  <div class="constraint" id="generation-precedes-usage"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#generation-precedes-usage">Constraint 37 (generation-precedes-usage)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-780-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-780">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall gen,use,e,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasGeneratedBy(gen,e,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge used(use,a_2,e,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3194,11 +3160,11 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 23</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
-<div class="constraint" id="usage-precedes-invalidation"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#usage-precedes-invalidation">Constraint 38 (usage-precedes-invalidation)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-777-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-777">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="usage-precedes-invalidation"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#usage-precedes-invalidation">Constraint 38 (usage-precedes-invalidation)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-781-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-781">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall use,inv,a_1,a_2,e,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad used(use,a_1,e,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasInvalidatedBy(inv,e,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3208,11 +3174,11 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom25">Axiom 25</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
-<div class="constraint" id="generation-generation-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#generation-generation-ordering">Constraint 39 (generation-generation-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-778-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-778">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="generation-generation-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#generation-generation-ordering">Constraint 39 (generation-generation-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-782-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-782">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall gen_1,gen_2,e,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasGeneratedBy(gen_1,e,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasGeneratedBy(gen_2,e,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3222,11 +3188,11 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 23</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
-<div class="constraint" id="invalidation-invalidation-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#invalidation-invalidation-ordering">Constraint 40 (invalidation-invalidation-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-779-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-779">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="invalidation-invalidation-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#invalidation-invalidation-ordering">Constraint 40 (invalidation-invalidation-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-783-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-783">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall inv_1,inv_2,e,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasInvalidatedBy(inv_1,e,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasInvalidatedBy(inv_2,e,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3236,11 +3202,11 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom25">Axiom 25</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
-<div class="constraint" id="derivation-usage-generation-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#derivation-usage-generation-ordering">Constraint 41 (derivation-usage-generation-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-780-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-780">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="derivation-usage-generation-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#derivation-usage-generation-ordering">Constraint 41 (derivation-usage-generation-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-784-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-784">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall d,e_1,e_2,a,gen_2,use_1,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad notNull(a) \wedge notNull(gen_2) \wedge notNull(use_1) \wedge wasDerivedFrom(d,e_2,e_1,a,gen_2,use_1,attrs)
@@ -3250,11 +3216,11 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom25">Axiom 25</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom26">Axiom 26</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
-<div class="constraint" id="derivation-generation-generation-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#derivation-generation-generation-ordering">Constraint 42 (derivation-generation-generation-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-781-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">strictlyPrecedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-781">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="derivation-generation-generation-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#derivation-generation-generation-ordering">Constraint 42 (derivation-generation-generation-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-785-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">strictlyPrecedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-785">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall d,gen_1,gen_2,e_1,e_2,a,a_1,a_2,g,u,t_1,t_2,attrs,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasDerivedFrom(d,e_2,e_1,a,g,u,attrs) \wedge wasGeneratedBy(gen_1,e_1,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasGeneratedBy(gen_2,e_2,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3264,18 +3230,18 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom25">Axiom 26</a>.
+  <p>This follows from <a href="#axiom27">Axiom 27</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
-<div class="constraint" id="wasStartedBy-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#wasStartedBy-ordering">Constraint 43 (wasStartedBy-ordering)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-782-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-782">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="wasStartedBy-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#wasStartedBy-ordering">Constraint 43 (wasStartedBy-ordering)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-786-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-786">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall gen,start,e,a,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasGeneratedBy(gen,e,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasStartedBy(start,a,e,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 gen \precedes start
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-783-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-783">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-787-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-787">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall start,inv,e,a,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasStartedBy(start,a,e,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasInvalidatedBy(inv,e,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3285,19 +3251,19 @@
 \end{array}</script></li></ol></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>Part 1 follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 23</a>.  Part 2
-  follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a>.
+  <p>Part 1 follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a>.  Part 2
+  follows from <a href="#axiom25">Axiom 25</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
-<div class="constraint" id="wasEndedBy-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#wasEndedBy-ordering">Constraint 44 (wasEndedBy-ordering)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-784-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-784">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="wasEndedBy-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#wasEndedBy-ordering">Constraint 44 (wasEndedBy-ordering)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-788-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-788">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall gen,end,e,a,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasGeneratedBy(gen,e,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasEndedBy(end,a,e,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 gen \precedes end
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-785-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-785">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-789-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-789">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall end,inv,e,a,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasEndedBy(end,a,e,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasInvalidatedBy(inv,e,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3307,12 +3273,12 @@
 \end{array}</script></li></ol></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>Part 1 follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 23</a>.  Part 2
-  follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a>.
+  <p>Part 1 follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a>.  Part 2
+  follows from <a href="#axiom25">Axiom 25</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
-<div class="constraint" id="specialization-generation-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#specialization-generation-ordering">Constraint 45 (specialization-generation-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-786-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-786">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="specialization-generation-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#specialization-generation-ordering">Constraint 45 (specialization-generation-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-790-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-790">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall gen_1,gen_2,e_1,e_2,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad specializationOf(e_2,e_1) \wedge wasGeneratedBy(gen_1,e_1,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasGeneratedBy(gen_2,e_2,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3323,14 +3289,14 @@
 
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p> This follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 23</a> and the fact
-  that if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-787-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-787">e_2</script> specializes <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-788-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-788">e_1</script> then all of the events of the <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-789-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-789">e_2</script>
-  are events of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-790-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-790">e_1</script>.  Thus, the generation of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-791-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-791">e_1</script> precedes all
-  events of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-792-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-792">e_2</script>.
+  <p> This follows from <a href="#axiom24">Axiom 24</a> and the fact
+  that if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-791-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-791">e_2</script> specializes <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-792-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-792">e_1</script> then all of the events of the <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-793-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-793">e_2</script>
+  are events of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-794-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-794">e_1</script>.  Thus, the generation of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-795-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-795">e_1</script> precedes all
+  events of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-796-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-796">e_2</script>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
-  <div class="constraint" id="specialization-invalidation-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#specialization-invalidation-ordering">Constraint 46 (specialization-invalidation-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-793-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-793">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+  <div class="constraint" id="specialization-invalidation-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#specialization-invalidation-ordering">Constraint 46 (specialization-invalidation-ordering)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-797-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-797">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall inv_1,inv_2,e_1,e_2,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad specializationOf(e_1,e_2) \wedge wasInvalidatedBy(inv_1,e_1,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasInvalidatedBy(inv_2,e_2,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3340,35 +3306,35 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p> This follows from <a href="#axiom23">Axiom 24</a> and the fact
-  that if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-794-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-794">e_2</script> specializes <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-795-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-795">e_1</script> then all of the events of the <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-796-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-796">e_2</script>
-  are events of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-797-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-797">e_1</script>.  Thus, the invalidation of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-798-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-798">e_1</script> follows all
-  events of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-799-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-799">e_2</script>.
+  <p> This follows from <a href="#axiom25">Axiom 25</a> and the fact
+  that if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-798-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-798">e_2</script> specializes <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-799-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-799">e_1</script> then all of the events of the <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-800-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-800">e_2</script>
+  are events of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-801-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-801">e_1</script>.  Thus, the invalidation of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-802-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-802">e_1</script> follows all
+  events of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-803-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-803">e_2</script>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
-<div class="constraint" id="wasAssociatedWith-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#wasAssociatedWith-ordering">Constraint 47 (wasAssociatedWith-ordering)</a></div><p>In the following inferences, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-800-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-800">pl</script> may be a placeholder -.</p><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-801-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-801">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="wasAssociatedWith-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#wasAssociatedWith-ordering">Constraint 47 (wasAssociatedWith-ordering)</a></div><p>In the following inferences, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-804-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-804">pl</script> may be a placeholder -.</p><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-805-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-805">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall assoc,start_1,inv_2,ag,e_1,e_2,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasAssociatedWith(assoc,a,ag,pl,attrs) \wedge wasStartedBy(start_1,a,e_1,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasInvalidatedBy(inv_2,ag,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 start_1 \precedes inv_2
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-802-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-802">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-806-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-806">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall assoc,gen_1,end_2,ag,e_1,e_2,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasAssociatedWith(assoc,a,ag,pl,attrs) \wedge wasGeneratedBy(gen_1,ag,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasEndedBy(end_2,a,e_2,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 gen_1 \precedes end_2
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-803-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-803">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-807-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-807">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall assoc,start_1,end_2,ag,e_1,e_2,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasAssociatedWith(assoc,a,ag,pl,attrs) \wedge wasStartedBy(start_1,a,e_1,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasEndedBy(end_2,ag,e_2,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 start_1 \precedes end_2
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-804-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-804">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-808-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-808">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall assoc,start_1,end_2,ag,e_1,e_2,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasAssociatedWith(assoc,a,ag,pl,attrs) \wedge wasStartedBy(start_1,ag,e_1,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasEndedBy(end_2,a,e_2,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3378,19 +3344,19 @@
 \end{array}</script></li></ol></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>The four parts follow from <a href="#axiom27">Axiom 27</a> through
-  <a href="#axiom30">Axiom 30</a> respectively.
+  <p>The four parts follow from <a href="#axiom28">Axiom 28</a> through
+  <a href="#axiom31">Axiom 31</a> respectively.
   </p>
   </div>
 
-<div class="constraint" id="wasAttributedTo-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#wasAttributedTo-ordering">Constraint 48 (wasAttributedTo-ordering)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-805-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-805">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="wasAttributedTo-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#wasAttributedTo-ordering">Constraint 48 (wasAttributedTo-ordering)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-809-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-809">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall att,gen_1,gen_2,e,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,ag,attrs,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasAttributedTo(att,e,ag,attrs) \wedge wasGeneratedBy(gen_1,ag,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasGeneratedBy(gen_2,e,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 gen_1 \precedes gen_2
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-806-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-806">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-810-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-810">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall att,start_1,gen_2,e,e_1,a_1,a_2,ag,t_1,t_2,attrs,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad wasAttributedTo(att,e,ag,attrs) \wedge wasStartedBy(start_1,ag,e_1,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasGeneratedBy(gen_2,e,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3400,19 +3366,19 @@
 \end{array}</script></li></ol></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>These properties follow from <a href="#axiom31">Axiom 31</a> and
-  <a href="#axiom32">Axiom 32</a>.
+  <p>These properties follow from <a href="#axiom32">Axiom 32</a> and
+  <a href="#axiom33">Axiom 33</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
-<div class="constraint" id="actedOnBehalfOf-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#actedOnBehalfOf-ordering">Constraint 49 (actedOnBehalfOf-ordering)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-807-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-807">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="actedOnBehalfOf-ordering"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#actedOnBehalfOf-ordering">Constraint 49 (actedOnBehalfOf-ordering)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-811-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><msub><mi>n</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-811">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall del,gen_1,inv_2,ag_1,ag_2,a,a_1,a_2,t_1,t_2,attrs,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad actedOnBehalfOf(del,ag_2,ag_1,a,attrs) \wedge wasGeneratedBy(gen_1,ag_1,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasInvalidatedBy(inv_2,ag_2,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 gen_1 \precedes inv_2
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-808-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-808">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-812-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mtext mathvariant="normal">precedes</mtext></mrow></mrow><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-812">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall del,start_1,end_2,ag_1,ag_2,a,a_1,a_2,e_1,e_2,t_1,t_2,attrs,attrs_1,attrs_2.~
 \\
 \qquad actedOnBehalfOf(del,ag_2,ag_1,a,attrs) \wedge wasStartedBy(start_1,ag_1,e_1,a_1,t_1,attrs_1) \wedge wasEndedBy(end_2,ag_2,e_2,a_2,t_2,attrs_2)
@@ -3422,8 +3388,8 @@
 \end{array}</script></li></ol></div>
 
 <div class="proof">
-  <p>These properties follow from <a href="#axiom33">Axiom 33</a> and
-  <a href="#axiom34">Axiom 34</a>.
+  <p>These properties follow from <a href="#axiom34">Axiom 34</a> and
+  <a href="#axiom35">Axiom 35</a>.
   </p>
   </div>
 
@@ -3431,135 +3397,135 @@
 </section>
 
 <section id="typing-constraints">
-<h4><span class="secno">5.2.3 </span>Typing constraints</h4>
-
-<div class="constraint" id="typing"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#typing">Constraint 50 (typing)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-809-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-809">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<h4><span class="secno">9.2.3 </span>Typing constraints</h4>
+
+<div class="constraint" id="typing"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#typing">Constraint 50 (typing)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-813-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-813">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall e,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad entity(e,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(e,entity)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-810-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-810">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-814-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-814">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall ag,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad agent(ag,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(ag,agent)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-811-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-811">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-815-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-815">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall a,t_1,t_2,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad activity(a,t_1,t_2,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(a,activity)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-812-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-812">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-816-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-816">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall u,a,e,t,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad used(u,a,e,t,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(a,activity) \wedge typeOf(e,entity)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-813-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-813">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-817-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-817">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall g,a,e,t,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasGeneratedBy(g,e,a,t,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(a,activity) \wedge typeOf(e,entity)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-814-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-814">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-818-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-818">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall inf,a_2,a_1,t,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasInformedBy(inf,a_2,a_1,t,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(a_1,activity) \wedge typeOf(a_2,activity)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-815-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-815">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-819-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-819">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall start,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasStartedBy(start,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(a_1,activity) \wedge typeOf(a_2,activity) \wedge typeOf(e,entity)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-816-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-816">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-820-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-820">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall end,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasEndedBy(end,a_2,e,a_1,t,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(a_1,activity) \wedge typeOf(a_2,activity) \wedge typeOf(e,entity)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-817-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-817">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-821-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-821">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall inv,a,e,t,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasInvalidatedBy(inv,e,a,t,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(a,activity) \wedge typeOf(e,entity)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-818-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-818">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-822-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-822">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,e_2,e_1,a,g_2,u_1,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad notNull(a) \wedge notNull(g_2) \wedge notNull(u_1) \wedge wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,a,g_2,u_1,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(e_2,entity) \wedge typeOf(e_1,activity) \wedge typeOf(a,activity)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-819-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-819">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-823-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-823">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,e_2,e_1,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(e_2,entity) \wedge typeOf(e_1,activity)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-820-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-820">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-824-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-824">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,e,ag,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasAttributedTo(id,e,ag,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(e,entity) \wedge typeOf(ag,agent)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-821-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-821">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-825-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-825">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,a,ag,pl,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad notNull(pl) \wedge wasAssociatedWith(id,a,ag,pl,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(a,activity) \wedge typeOf(ag,agent) \wedge typeOf(pl,entity)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-822-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-822">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-826-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-826">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,a,ag,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad wasAssociatedWith(id,a,ag,-,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(a,activity) \wedge typeOf(ag,agent)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-823-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-823">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-827-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-827">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,ag_2,ag_1,a,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad actedOnBehalfOf(id,ag_2,ag_1,a,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(ag_2,agent) \wedge typeOf(ag_1,agent) \wedge typeOf(a,activity)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-824-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-824">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-828-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-828">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall e_2,e_1.~
 \\
 \qquad alternateOf(e_2,e_1)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(e_2,entity) \wedge typeOf(e_1,entity)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-825-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-825">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-829-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-829">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall e_2,e_1.~
 \\
 \qquad specializationOf(e_2,e_1)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(e_2,entity) \wedge typeOf(e_1,entity)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-826-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>M</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-826">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-830-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>M</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-830">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall c,e.~
 \\
 \qquad hadMember(c,e)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 typeOf(c,Collection) \wedge typeOf(e,entity)
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-827-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-827">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-831-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-831">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall c.~
 \\
 \qquad entity(c,[prov:type = prov:emptyCollection]))
@@ -3575,23 +3541,23 @@
 </section>
 
 <section id="impossibility-constraints">
-<h4><span class="secno">5.2.4 </span>Impossibility constraints</h4>
-
-<div class="constraint" id="impossible-unspecified-derivation-generation-use"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#impossible-unspecified-derivation-generation-use">Constraint 51 (impossible-unspecified-derivation-generation-use)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-828-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-828">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<h4><span class="secno">9.2.4 </span>Impossibility constraints</h4>
+
+<div class="constraint" id="impossible-unspecified-derivation-generation-use"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#impossible-unspecified-derivation-generation-use">Constraint 51 (impossible-unspecified-derivation-generation-use)</a></div><ol><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-832-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-832">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,e_1,e_2,g,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad notNull(g) \wedge wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,g,-,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 False
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-829-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-829">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-833-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-833">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,e_1,e_2,u,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad notNull(u) \wedge wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,u,attrs)
 \\
 \quad\Rightarrow
 False
-\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-830-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-830">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+\end{array}</script></li><li><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-834-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>n</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-834">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,e_1,e_2,g,u,attrs.~
 \\
 \qquad notNull(g) \wedge notNull(u) \wedge wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,g,u,attrs)
@@ -3601,10 +3567,10 @@
 \end{array}</script></li></ol></div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p>Each part follows from the fact that the semantics of
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-831-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-831">wasDerivedFrom</script> only allows formulas to hold when either all three
-  of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-832-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-832">a,g,u</script> are <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-833-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">−</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-833">-</script> (denoting <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-834-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">⊥</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-834">\bot</script>) or none of them are.</p>
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-835-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-835">wasDerivedFrom</script> only allows formulas to hold when either all three
+  of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-836-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-836">a,g,u</script> are <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-837-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">−</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-837">-</script> (denoting <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-838-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">⊥</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-838">\bot</script>) or none of them are.</p>
   </div>
-<div class="constraint" id="impossible-specialization-reflexive"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#impossible-specialization-reflexive">Constraint 52 (impossible-specialization-reflexive)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-835-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-835">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="impossible-specialization-reflexive"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#impossible-specialization-reflexive">Constraint 52 (impossible-specialization-reflexive)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-839-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>e</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-839">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall e.~
 \\
 \qquad specializationOf(e,e)
@@ -3614,11 +3580,11 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p>This follows from the fact that in the semantics of
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-836-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-836">specializationOf</script>, the requirement that one of the inclusions is
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-840-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-840">specializationOf</script>, the requirement that one of the inclusions is
   strict implies that the two entities cannot be the same.
   </p>
   </div>
-<div class="constraint" id="impossible-property-overlap"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#impossible-property-overlap">Constraint 53 (impossible-property-overlap)</a></div><p>For each <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-837-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>r</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-837">r</script>  and  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-838-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-838">s \in \{ used, wasGeneratedBy, wasInvalidatedBy, wasStartedBy, wasEndedBy, wasInformedBy, wasAttributedTo, wasAssociatedWith, actedOnBehalfOf\}</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-839-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>r</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-839">r</script>  and  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-840-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-840">s</script> are different relation names, the following constraint holds:</p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-841-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>m</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>m</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-841">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="impossible-property-overlap"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#impossible-property-overlap">Constraint 53 (impossible-property-overlap)</a></div><p>For each <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-841-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>r</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-841">r</script>  and  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-842-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-842">s \in \{ used, wasGeneratedBy, wasInvalidatedBy, wasStartedBy, wasEndedBy, wasInformedBy, wasAttributedTo, wasAssociatedWith, actedOnBehalfOf\}</script> such that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-843-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>r</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-843">r</script>  and  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-844-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-844">s</script> are different relation names, the following constraint holds:</p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-845-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>m</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>m</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-845">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,a_1,\ldots,a_m,b_1,\ldots,b_n.~
 \\
 \qquad r(id,a_1,\ldots,a_m) \wedge s(id,b_1,\ldots,b_n)
@@ -3631,7 +3597,7 @@
   influences are disjoint sets, characterized by their types.
   </p>
   </div>
-<div class="constraint" id="impossible-object-property-overlap"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#impossible-object-property-overlap">Constraint 54 (impossible-object-property-overlap)</a></div><p>For each <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-842-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-842">p \in \{entity,activity,agent\}</script>  and each <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-843-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-843">r \in \{ used, wasGeneratedBy, wasInvalidatedBy, wasStartedBy, wasEndedBy, wasInformedBy, wasAttributedTo, wasAssociatedWith, actedOnBehalfOf\}</script>, the following constraint holds:</p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-844-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>m</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>p</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>m</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-844">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="impossible-object-property-overlap"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#impossible-object-property-overlap">Constraint 54 (impossible-object-property-overlap)</a></div><p>For each <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-846-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-846">p \in \{entity,activity,agent\}</script>  and each <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-847-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-847">r \in \{ used, wasGeneratedBy, wasInvalidatedBy, wasStartedBy, wasEndedBy, wasInformedBy, wasAttributedTo, wasAssociatedWith, actedOnBehalfOf\}</script>, the following constraint holds:</p><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-848-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>m</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>p</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>m</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-848">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id,a_1,\ldots,a_m,b_1,\ldots,b_n.~
 \\
 \qquad p(id,a_1,\ldots,a_m) \wedge r(id,b_1,\ldots,b_n)
@@ -3644,7 +3610,7 @@
   from other objects (entities, activities or agents).
   </p>
   </div>
-<div class="constraint" id="entity-activity-disjoint"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#entity-activity-disjoint">Constraint 55 (entity-activity-disjoint)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-845-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-845">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="entity-activity-disjoint"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#entity-activity-disjoint">Constraint 55 (entity-activity-disjoint)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-849-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-849">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall id.~
 \\
 \qquad typeOf(id,entity) \wedge typeOf(id,activity)
@@ -3656,7 +3622,7 @@
   <p>This follows from the assumption that entities and activities are disjoint.
   </p>
   </div>
-<div class="constraint" id="membership-empty-collection"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#membership-empty-collection">Constraint 56 (membership-empty-collection)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-846-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>M</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-846">\begin{array}[t]{l}
+<div class="constraint" id="membership-empty-collection"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#membership-empty-collection">Constraint 56 (membership-empty-collection)</a></div><span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-850-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mtable align="baseline 1" columnalign="left" rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"><mtr><mtd><mi mathvariant="normal">∀</mi><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo>.</mo><mtext>&nbsp;</mtext></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="2em"></mspace><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>M</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⇒</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-850">\begin{array}[t]{l}
 \forall c,e.~
 \\
 \qquad hasMember(c,e) \wedge typeOf(c,EmptyCollection)
@@ -3666,8 +3632,8 @@
 \end{array}</script></div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p>This follows from the definition of the semantics of
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-847-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-847">typeOf(c,EmptyCollection)</script>, which requires that there are no
-  members of the collection denoted by <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-848-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-848">c</script>.
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-851-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-851">typeOf(c,EmptyCollection)</script>, which requires that there are no
+  members of the collection denoted by <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-852-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>c</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-852">c</script>.
   </p>
   </div>
 </section>
@@ -3676,7 +3642,7 @@
 
 
 <section id="soundness-completeness">
-  <!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">6. </span>Soundness and Completeness</h2>
+  <!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">10. </span>Soundness and Completeness</h2>
 
   <p>Above we have presented arguments for the soundness of the
 constraints and inferences with respect to the naive semantics.
@@ -3685,74 +3651,86 @@
 </p>
   
 <section id="soundness">
-  <h3><span class="secno">6.1 </span>Soundness</h3>
+  <h3><span class="secno">10.1 </span>Soundness</h3>
 
 <p>Our main soundness result is:</p>
 
 <div class="theorem" id="soundness-theorem" data-count="39" data-title="Theorem 39 (soundness-theorem)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#soundness-theorem">Theorem 39 (soundness-theorem)</a></div>
-  <p> Let <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-849-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-849">W</script> be a PROV structure, that is, a structure providing all
+  <p> Let <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-853-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-853">W</script> be a PROV structure, that is, a structure providing all
   of the components above and satisfying all of
   the axioms.</p>
   <ol>
-  <li>If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-850-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-850">I</script> is an instance and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-851-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-851">W \models I</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-852-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-852">I'</script> is obtained from <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-853-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-853">I</script> by applying one
-  of the PROV inferences, then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-854-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-854">W \models I'</script>.</li>
-  <li>If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-855-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-855">I</script> is an instance and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-856-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-856">W \models I</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-857-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-857">I</script> has a normal
-  form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-858-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-858">I'</script> and   <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-859-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-859"> W \models I'</script>.</li>
-  <li>If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-860-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-860">I</script> is a normal form and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-861-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-861">W \models I</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-862-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-862">I</script> satisfies all of the ordering,
+  <li>If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-854-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-854">I</script> is an instance and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-855-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-855">W \models I</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-856-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-856">I'</script> is obtained from <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-857-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-857">I</script> by applying one
+  of the PROV inferences, then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-858-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-858">W \models I'</script>.</li>
+  <li>If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-859-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-859">I</script> is an instance and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-860-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-860">W \models I</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-861-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-861">I</script> has a normal
+  form <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-862-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-862">I'</script> and   <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-863-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-863"> W \models I'</script>.</li>
+  <li>If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-864-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-864">I</script> is a normal form and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-865-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-865">W \models I</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-866-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-866">I</script> satisfies all of the ordering,
   typing and impossibility constraints.
-  </li><li>If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-863-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-863">W \models I</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-864-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-864">I</script> is valid.</li>
+  </li><li>If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-867-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-867">W \models I</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-868-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-868">I</script> is valid.</li>
 </ol>
   </div>
 <div class="proof">
   <p>For part 1, the arguments are as in the previous section.  </p>
   <p>For
   part 2, proceed by induction on a terminating sequence of inference
-  or uniqueness constraint steps: if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-865-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-865">I</script> is in normal form then we are
-  done. If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-866-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-866">I</script> is not in normal form then if an inference is  applicable, then use part 1; if a uniqueness constraint is
-  applicable, then from <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-867-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-867">W \models I</script> the uniqueness constraint cannot
-  fail on <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-868-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-868">I</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-869-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-869">W \models I'</script>, as argued for the key constraints in
+  or uniqueness constraint steps: if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-869-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-869">I</script> is in normal form then we are
+  done. If <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-870-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-870">I</script> is not in normal form then if an inference is  applicable, then use part 1; if a uniqueness constraint is
+  applicable, then from <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-871-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-871">W \models I</script> the uniqueness constraint cannot
+  fail on <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-872-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-872">I</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-873-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-873">W \models I'</script>, as argued for the key constraints in
   the previous section.</p>
 <p>
   For part 3, the arguments are as
   in the previous section for each constraint. </p>
   <p>Finally, for part 4,
-  suppose <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-870-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-870">W \models I</script>.  Then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-871-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-871">W \models I'</script> where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-872-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-872">I'</script> is the normal
-  form of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-873-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-873">I</script> by part 2.  By part 3, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-874-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-874">I'</script> satisfies all of the
-  remaining constraints, so <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-875-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-875">I</script> is valid.</p>
+  suppose <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-874-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-874">W \models I</script>.  Then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-875-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-875">W \models I'</script> where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-876-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-876">I'</script> is the normal
+  form of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-877-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-877">I</script> by part 2.  By part 3, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-878-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-878">I'</script> satisfies all of the
+  remaining constraints, so <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-879-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-879">I</script> is valid.</p>
   </div>
 
   </section>
 <section id="completeness">
-  <h3><span class="secno">6.2 </span>Weak Completeness</h3>
+  <h3><span class="secno">10.2 </span>Weak Completeness</h3>
 
 <p> In this section we give a translation from valid PROV instances to
   structures, and show that a valid PROV instance has a model.</p>
 
   
-  <p> Let <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-876-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-876">I</script> be a valid PROV instance that is in normal form.
-  We define a structure <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-877-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-877">M(I)</script> as follows, by giving the sets,
+  <p> Let <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-880-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-880">I</script> be a valid PROV instance that is in normal form.
+  We define a structure <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-881-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-881">M(I)</script> as follows, by giving the sets,
   functions and relations specified in the components in <a href="#structures">Section 3</a>, and finally verifying that the
   axioms hold.</p>
 
+  <p>First, without loss of generality, we assume that all times
+  specified in activity or event formulas in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-882-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-882">I</script> are ground values.
+  If not, set each variable in such a position to some dummy value.</p>
+
   <section id="sets">
-<h4><span class="secno">6.2.1 </span>Sets</h4>
-  <p> The sets of structure <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-878-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-878">M(I)</script> are: </p>
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-879-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mtable columnalign="right center left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="thickmathspace" displaystyle="true" side="right" minlabelspacing="0.8em"><mtr><mtd><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>P</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">≠</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>q</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>q</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-879">
+<h4><span class="secno">10.2.1 </span>Sets</h4>
+  <p> The sets of structure <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-883-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-883">M(I)</script> are: </p>
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-884-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mtable columnalign="right center left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="thickmathspace" displaystyle="true" side="right" minlabelspacing="0.8em"><mtr><mtd><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>P</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">≠</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>M</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><msub><mi>i</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>q</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>q</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>O</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>j</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-884">
   \begin{eqnarray*}
   Entities &=& \{id \mid entity(id,attrs) \in I\}\\
   Plans &=& \{pl \mid wasAssociatedWith(id,ag,act,pl,attrs) \in I, pl
   \neq -\}\\
-  Collections &=& \{e \mid memberOf(e',e) \in I\} \\
+  Collections &=& \{e \mid hadMember(e',e) \in I\} \\
   &\cup& \{e \mid
   entity(e,attrs) \in I, prov:type=prov:emptyCollection \in attrs\}\\
   
   Activities &=& \{id \mid activity(id,attrs) \in I\}\\
+  &\cup& \{a_{id},a'_{id} \mid id \in Entities\}\\
   &\cup& \{a_{id} \mid wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs) \in I\}\\
   Agents &=& \{id \mid agent(id,attrs) \in I\}\\
   \\
   Usages &=&  \{id \mid used(id,a,e,t,attrs) \in I\}\\
-  &\cup& \{u_{id} \mid wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs) \in I\}\\  Generations &=&  \{id \mid wasGeneratedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in I\}\\
-  &\cup& \{g_{id} \mid wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs) \in I\}\\  Invalidations &=&  \{id \mid wasInvalidatedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in I\}\\
+  &\cup& \{u_{id} \mid wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs) \in
+  I\}\\
+  Generations &=&  \{id \mid wasGeneratedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in I\}\\
+  &\cup& \{g_{id} \mid wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs) \in
+  I\}\\
+ & \cup & \{g_{id} \mid id \in Entities\}\\
+   Invalidations &=&  \{id \mid wasInvalidatedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in
+  I\}\\
+  & \cup & \{i_{id} \mid id \in Entities\}\\
   Starts &=&  \{id \mid wasStartedBy(id,a,e,a',t,attrs) \in I\}\\
   Ends &=&  \{id \mid wasEndedBy(id,a,e,a',t,attrs) \in I\}\\
   Events &=& Usages \cup Generations \cup Invalidations \cup Starts
@@ -3772,48 +3750,48 @@
   Objects &=& Entities \cup Activities \cup Agents \cup Influences\\
   \end{eqnarray*}
   </script>
-<p>In the definitions of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-880-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-880">Activities</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-881-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-881">Generations</script>, and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-882-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-882">Usages</script> we
-  write <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-883-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>a</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-883">a_{id}</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-884-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>g</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-884">g_{id}</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-885-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>u</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-885">u_{id}</script> respectively to indicate
+<p>In the definitions of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-885-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-885">Activities</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-886-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-886">Generations</script>, and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-887-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>U</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-887">Usages</script> we
+  write <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-888-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>a</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-888">a_{id}</script>, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-889-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>g</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-889">g_{id}</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-890-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>u</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-890">u_{id}</script> respectively to indicate
   additional activities, generations and usages added for imprecise derivations.
 </p>
-  <p> In addition, to define the set of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-886-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-886">Things</script>, we introduce an
-  equivalence relation on <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-887-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-887">Entities</script> as follows:
+  <p> In addition, to define the set of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-891-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-891">Things</script>, we introduce an
+  equivalence relation on <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-892-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-892">Entities</script> as follows:
   </p>
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-888-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⟺</mo><mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-888">e_1 \equiv e_2 \iff alternateOf(e_1,e_2) \in I</script>
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-893-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⟺</mo><mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-893">e_1 \equiv e_2 \iff alternateOf(e_1,e_2) \in I</script>
   <p>The fact that this is an equivalence relation follows from the
-  fact that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-889-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-889">I</script> is in normal form, since the constraints on
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-890-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-890">alternateOf</script> ensure that it is an equivalence relation.  Recall
-  that given an equivalence relation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-891-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-891">\equiv</script> on some set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-892-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>X</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-892">X</script>, the
-  <em>equivalence class</em> of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-893-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>X</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-893">x \in X</script> is the set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-894-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>x</mi><msub><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo><mi>y</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-894">[x]_\equiv = \{y
+  fact that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-894-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-894">I</script> is in normal form, since the constraints on
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-895-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-895">alternateOf</script> ensure that it is an equivalence relation.  Recall
+  that given an equivalence relation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-896-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-896">\equiv</script> on some set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-897-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>X</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-897">X</script>, the
+  <em>equivalence class</em> of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-898-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>X</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-898">x \in X</script> is the set <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-899-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>x</mi><msub><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo><mi>y</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-899">[x]_\equiv = \{y
   \in X \mid x
-  \equiv y\}</script>.  The <em>quotient</em> of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-895-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>X</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-895">X</script> by an equivalence
-  relation on <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-896-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>X</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-896">X</script> is the set of equivalence classes, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-897-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>x</mi><msub><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></msub><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>X</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-897">X_\equiv =
+  \equiv y\}</script>.  The <em>quotient</em> of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-900-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>X</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-900">X</script> by an equivalence
+  relation on <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-901-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>X</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-901">X</script> is the set of equivalence classes, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-902-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>x</mi><msub><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></msub><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>X</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-902">X_\equiv =
   \{[x]_\equiv \mid x \in X\}</script>.  Now we
-  define the set of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-898-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-898">Things</script> as the quotient of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-899-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-899">\equiv</script>-equivalence classes of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-900-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-900">Entities</script>.</p>
-
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-901-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo stretchy="false">/</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>e</mi><msub><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></msub><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-901">Things = Entities /_{\equiv} = \{[e]_\equiv \mid e \in Entities\}</script>
-
-<p> Observe that since <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-902-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-902">I</script> is normalized and valid, entities and
+  define the set of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-903-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-903">Things</script> as the quotient of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-904-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-904">\equiv</script>-equivalence classes of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-905-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-905">Entities</script>.</p>
+
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-906-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><msub><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo stretchy="false">/</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>e</mi><msub><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></msub><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-906">Things = Entities /_{\equiv} = \{[e]_\equiv \mid e \in Entities\}</script>
+
+<p> Observe that since <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-907-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-907">I</script> is normalized and valid, entities and
 activities are disjoint, the influences are disjoint from entities,
 activities, and agents, 
 and the different subsets of events and influences are pairwise
 disjoint, as required.</p>
 </section>
 <section id="functions">
-<h4><span class="secno">6.2.2 </span>Functions</h4>
-
-<p> First, we consider the functions associated with <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-903-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-903">Entities</script>.  We
-employ an auxiliary function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-904-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-904">events:Entities \to P(Events)</script> that collects the set of all
-events in which <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-905-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-905">e</script> participated.</p>
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-906-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mtable columnalign="right center left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="thickmathspace" displaystyle="true" side="right" minlabelspacing="0.8em"><mtr><mtd><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><msup><mi>s</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><msup><mi>s</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><munder><mo stretchy="false">⋃</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mrow></munder><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><msup><mi>s</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">≠</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>q</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>q</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><msub><mi>q</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><munder><mo stretchy="false">⋃</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mrow></munder><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>e</mi><msub><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-906">
+<h4><span class="secno">10.2.2 </span>Functions</h4>
+
+<p> First, we consider the functions associated with <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-908-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-908">Entities</script>.  We
+employ an auxiliary function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-909-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-909">events:Entities \to P(Events)</script> that collects the set of all
+events in which <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-910-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-910">e</script> participated.</p>
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-911-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mtable columnalign="right center left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="thickmathspace" displaystyle="true" side="right" minlabelspacing="0.8em"><mtr><mtd><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><msup><mi>s</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi></msub><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><msup><mi>s</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><munder><mo stretchy="false">⋃</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mrow></munder><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><msup><mi>s</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>v</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo><mspace width="1em"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">≠</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>q</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>q</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><msub><mi>q</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><munder><mo stretchy="false">⋃</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>z</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mrow></munder><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>e</mi><msub><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></msub></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-911">
 \begin{eqnarray*}
 events'(e) &=& \{id \mid used(id,a,e,t,attrs) \in I\}\\
 &\cup& \{id \mid wasGeneratedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in I\}\\
 &\cup& \{id \mid wasInvalidatedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in I\}\\
 &\cup& \{id \mid wasStartedBy(id,a,e,a',t,attrs) \in I\}\\
 &\cup& \{id \mid wasEndedBy(id,a,e,a',t,attrs) \in I\}\\
+&\cup& \{g_e,i_e\}\\
 events(e) &=& events'(e) \cup \bigcup_{specializationOf(e',e) \in I} events'(e')\\
-lifetime(e) &=& \{time(e) \mid evt \in events(e)\}\\
 value'(e,a) &=& \{v \mid entity(e,attrs) \in I, (a=v) \in attrs\}
 \quad (a \neq uniq)\\
 value'(e,uniq) &=&\{ uniq_{e}\}\\
@@ -3821,36 +3799,32 @@
 thingOf(e) &=& [e]_\equiv
 \end{eqnarray*}
 </script>
-<p>Above, we introduce a fresh attribute name <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-907-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>q</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-907">uniq</script>, not already in
-use in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-908-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-908">I</script>, along with a fresh value <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-909-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-909">e</script> and for each entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-910-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-910">e</script> we
-add an attribute-value pair <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-911-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>q</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><msub><mi>q</mi><mi>e</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-911">uniq=uniq_e</script> to <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-912-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>q</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-912">values(e,uniq)</script>.  This
+<p>Above, we introduce a fresh attribute name <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-912-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>q</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-912">uniq</script>, not already in
+use in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-913-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-913">I</script>, along with a fresh value <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-914-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-914">e</script> and for each entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-915-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-915">e</script> we
+add an attribute-value pair <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-916-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>q</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><msub><mi>q</mi><mi>e</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-916">uniq=uniq_e</script> to <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-917-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>q</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-917">values(e,uniq)</script>.  This
 construction ensures that if an entity is a specialization of another
-in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-913-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-913">I</script> then the specialization relationship will hold in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-914-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-914">M(I)</script>.  We
-also define the set of all events involved in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-915-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-915">e</script> as the set of events
-immediately involved in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-916-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-916">e</script> or any specialization of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-917-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-917">e</script>.  Similarly,
-the values of attributes of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-918-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-918">e</script> are those immediately declared for <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-919-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-919">e</script>
-along with those of any specialization.
+in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-918-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-918">I</script> then the specialization relationship will hold in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-919-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-919">M(I)</script>.  We
+also define the set of all events involved in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-920-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-920">e</script> as the set of events
+immediately involved in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-921-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-921">e</script> or any specialization of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-922-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-922">e</script>.  Similarly,
+the values of attributes of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-923-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-923">e</script> are those immediately declared for <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-924-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-924">e</script>
+along with those of any specialization.  We also introduce dummy
+generation and invalidation events for each entity <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-925-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-925">e</script>, along with
+activities <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-926-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>e</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msubsup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-926">a_e,a'_e</script> to perform them.
 </p>
-<p> Similarly, for <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-920-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-920">Things</script>, we
-employ an auxiliary function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-921-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-921">events:Things \to P(Events)</script> that collects the set of all
+<p> Similarly, for <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-927-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-927">Things</script>, we
+employ an auxiliary function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-928-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">:</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-928">events:Things \to P(Events)</script> that collects the set of all
 events in which one of the entities constituting the thing participated.</p>
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-922-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mtable columnalign="right center left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="thickmathspace" displaystyle="true" side="right" minlabelspacing="0.8em"><mtr><mtd><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><munder><mo stretchy="false">⋃</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>T</mi></mrow></munder><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∣</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><munder><mo stretchy="false">⋃</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></munder><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-922">
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-929-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mtable columnalign="right center left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="thickmathspace" displaystyle="true" side="right" minlabelspacing="0.8em"><mtr><mtd><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><munder><mo stretchy="false">⋃</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>T</mi></mrow></munder><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><munder><mo stretchy="false">⋃</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></munder><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-929">
 \begin{eqnarray*}
 events(T) &=& \bigcup_{e \in T} events(e)\\
-lifetime(e) &=& \{time(e) \mid evt \in events(T)\}\\
-value(T,a,t) &=& \bigcup_{e \in T, t \in lifetime(e)} value(e,a)\\
+value(T,a,evt) &=& \bigcup_{e \in T, evt \in events(e)} value(e,a)\\
 \end{eqnarray*}
 </script>
-<div class="note"><div class="note-title"><span>Note</span></div><div class="">
-  <p> TODO: The above treatment of time/lifetime is flawed, as we are
-defining lifetimes to be sets of times, not intervals. What if
-  some of the times are symbolic?</p>
-  </div></div>
-
-<p> The functions <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-923-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-923">startTime</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-924-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-924">endTime</script> mapping activities to
+
+<p> The functions <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-930-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-930">startTime</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-931-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-931">endTime</script> mapping activities to
   their start and end times is defined as follows:
   </p>
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-925-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mtable columnalign="right center left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="thickmathspace" displaystyle="true" side="right" minlabelspacing="0.8em"><mtr><mtd><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mtext>&nbsp;or&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mtext>&nbsp;or&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-925">\begin{eqnarray*}
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-932-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mtable columnalign="right center left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="thickmathspace" displaystyle="true" side="right" minlabelspacing="0.8em"><mtr><mtd><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mtext>&nbsp;or&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd><mtd><mtext>&nbsp;or&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-932">\begin{eqnarray*}
   startTime(id) &=& t_1 \text{ where } activity(a,t_1,t_2,attrs) \in
   I\\
   & \text{ or } wasStartedBy(start,a,e,a',t_1,attrs) \in I\\
@@ -3860,12 +3834,12 @@
   \end{eqnarray*}
 </script>
   <p>Note that the above definition is deterministic because the start
-  and end times in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-926-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-926">activity</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-927-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo stretchy="false">/</mo></mrow><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-927">wasStartedBy/wasEndedBy</script> statements
+  and end times in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-933-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-933">activity</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-934-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo stretchy="false">/</mo></mrow><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-934">wasStartedBy/wasEndedBy</script> statements
   must be equal.</p>
-<p> The function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-928-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-928">time</script> mapping <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-929-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-929">Events</script> to their <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-930-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-930">Times</script> is defined
+<p> The function <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-935-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-935">time</script> mapping <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-936-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>E</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-936">Events</script> to their <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-937-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-937">Times</script> is defined
   as follows:
   </p>
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-931-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mtable columnalign="right center left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="thickmathspace" displaystyle="true" side="right" minlabelspacing="0.8em"><mtr><mtd><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-931">\begin{eqnarray*}
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-938-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mtable columnalign="right center left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="thickmathspace" displaystyle="true" side="right" minlabelspacing="0.8em"><mtr><mtd><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mi>t</mi><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-938">\begin{eqnarray*}
   time(id) &=& t \text{ where } used(id,a,e,t,attrs) \in I\\
   time(id) &=&  t \text{ where } wasGeneratedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in I\\
 time(id) &=& t\text{ where } wasInvalidatedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in I\\
@@ -3878,10 +3852,15 @@
   <p>Finally, the functions giving the interpretations of the
   different identified influences are as follows:
   </p>
-<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-932-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mtable columnalign="right center left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="thickmathspace" displaystyle="true" side="right" minlabelspacing="0.8em"><mtr><mtd><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-932">\begin{eqnarray*}
+<span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-939-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mtable columnalign="right center left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="thickmathspace" displaystyle="true" side="right" minlabelspacing="0.8em"><mtr><mtd><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>e</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mi>e</mi><mo>′</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi>a</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>p</mi><mi>l</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>u</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mtd><mtd><mo stretchy="false">=</mo></mtd><mtd><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>g</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">⋅</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mtext>&nbsp;where&nbsp;</mtext><mi>w</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">−</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-939">\begin{eqnarray*}
   used(id) &=& (a,e) \text{ where } used(id,a,e,t,attrs) \in I\\
-  generated(id) &=&  (e,a) \text{ where } wasGeneratedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in I\\
+  used(u_{id}) &=& (a_{id},e_1) \text{ where } wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs) \in I\\
+  generated(id) &=&  (e,a) \text{ where }
+  wasGeneratedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in I\\
+ generated(g_{id}) &=& (e_2,a_{id}) \text{ where } wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs) \in I\\
+ generated(g_e) &=& (e,a_e) \text{ where } e \in Entities\\
   invalidated(id) &=& (e,a) \text{ where } wasInvalidatedBy(id,e,a,t,attrs) \in I\\
+ invalidated(i_e) &=& (e,a'_e) \text{ where } e \in Entities\\
   started(id) &=& (a,e,a') \text{ where } wasStartedBy(id,a,e,a',t,attrs) \in I\\
   ended(id) &=& (a,e,a') \text{ where }wasEndedBy(id,a,e,a',t,attrs) \in I\\
  \\
@@ -3895,33 +3874,33 @@
   derivationPath(id) &=& e_2\cdot g_{id} \cdot a_{id} \cdot u_{id} \cdot e_1 \text{ where } wasDerivedFrom(id,e_2,e_1,-,-,-,attrs) \in I\\
   \end{eqnarray*}
   </script>
-  <p>Note that since <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-933-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-933">I</script> is normalized and valid, by the uniqueness
+  <p>Note that since <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-940-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-940">I</script> is normalized and valid, by the uniqueness
   constraints these functions are all well-defined.  In the case for
   imprecise derivations, we generate additional activities, generations
-  and usages linking <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-934-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-934">e_2</script> to <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-935-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-935">e_1</script>.
+  and usages linking <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-941-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-941">e_2</script> to <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-942-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-942">e_1</script>.
   </p>
 
 </section>
 <section id="relations">
-<h4><span class="secno">6.2.3 </span>Relations</h4>
-<p>We introduced a relation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-936-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-936">\equiv</script> corresponding to <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-937-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-937">alternateOf</script>
-  above, in defining <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-938-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-938">Things</script>, but this relation is not a component of
+<h4><span class="secno">10.2.3 </span>Relations</h4>
+<p>We introduced a relation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-943-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo stretchy="false">≡</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-943">\equiv</script> corresponding to <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-944-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-944">alternateOf</script>
+  above, in defining <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-945-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>T</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-945">Things</script>, but this relation is not a component of
   the semantics.</p>
     <p>The event ordering relation is defined as follows:</p>
-    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-939-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⟺</mo><mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><msub><mi>G</mi><mi>I</mi></msub></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-939">evt \preceq evt' \iff (evt,evt') \in G_I</script>
-    <p> Here, we are using a slight abuse of notation: we write <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-940-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>G</mi><mi>I</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-940">G_I</script>
-  for the directed graph that is used during validation of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-941-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-941">I</script> to
+    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-946-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">⪯</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⟺</mo><mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><msub><mi>G</mi><mi>I</mi></msub></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-946">evt \preceq evt' \iff (evt,evt') \in G_I</script>
+    <p> Here, we are using a slight abuse of notation: we write <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-947-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>G</mi><mi>I</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-947">G_I</script>
+  for the directed graph that is used during validation of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-948-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-948">I</script> to
   test for cycles amond event ordering constraints.  See Sec. 7.1 of PROV-CONSTRAINTS [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>].</p>
 
-    <p> Finally, the collection membership relation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-942-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-942">MemberOf</script> is
+    <p> Finally, the collection membership relation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-949-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-949">Contains</script> is
     defined as follows:</p>
-    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-943-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>M</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⟺</mo><mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace><mi>m</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-943">(e,c) \in MemberOf \iff memberOf(e,c) \in I</script>
+    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><div class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-950-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi><mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">⟺</mo><mspace width="thickmathspace"></mspace><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>M</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-950">(c,e) \in Contains \iff hadMember(c,e) \in I</script>
     
 </section>
     <section id="axioms-1">
-    <h4><span class="secno">6.2.4 </span>Axioms</h4>
-
-    <p>To verify that the construction of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-944-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-944">M(I)</script> yields a PROV
+    <h4><span class="secno">10.2.4 </span>Axioms</h4>
+
+    <p>To verify that the construction of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-951-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-951">M(I)</script> yields a PROV
     structure, we must ensure that all of the axioms and
     side-conditions in the components are satisfied.  As noted above,
     the disjointness constraints are satisfied by construction. </p>
@@ -3929,112 +3908,118 @@
 <p>For each axiom we give the corresponding justification:</p>
 
 <ol><li>
-  Axiom 1 follows because <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-945-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-945">I</script> is normalized with respect to Inference 6.
+  Axiom 1 follows because <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-952-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-952">I</script> is normalized with respect to Inference 6.
   </li>
+      <li> Axiom 2 follows from the construction, since we add dummy
+  generation and invalidation events for every entity.</li>
 <li>
-Axioms 2 and 3 follow because <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-946-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-946">I</script> is normalized with respect to
+Axioms 3 and 4 follow because <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-953-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-953">I</script> is normalized with respect to
   Inference 9 and 10 respectively.
-  </li><li>
-Axioms 5 and 6 follow because <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-947-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-947">I</script> is normalized with respect to
+  </li>
+  <li>Axiom 5 follows because <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-954-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-954">I</script> is normalized with respect to
+  Inference 12.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+  Axioms 6 and 7 follow because <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-955-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-955">I</script> is normalized with respect to
   Inference 13 and 14 respectively.
   </li><li>
-Axioms 7 through 16 follow because <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-948-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-948">I</script> is normalized with respect to
+Axioms 8 through 17 follow because <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-956-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-956">I</script> is normalized with respect to
   Inference 15.
   </li><li>
-Axioms 17 through 20 follow because <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-949-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-949">I</script> is normalized with respect to
+Axioms 18 through 21 follow because <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-957-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-957">I</script> is normalized with respect to
   uniqueness constraints 24 through 27.
   </li><li>
-  Axiom 21 follows because constraints 30, 31, 33, 34 ensure that a
+  Axiom 22 follows because constraints 30, 31, 33, 34 ensure that a
   start event for an activity precedes any other start, end, usage or
   generation events involving that activity.
   </li>
   <li>
-  Axiom 22 follows because constraints 30, 32, 33, 34 ensure that an
+  Axiom 23 follows because constraints 30, 32, 33, 34 ensure that an
   end event for an activity follows any other events involving that activity.
   </li>
   <li>
-  Axiom 23 follows because constraints 34, 36, 37, 39 ensure that a
+  Axiom 24 follows because constraints 34, 36, 37, 39 ensure that a
   generation event for an entity precedes any other events involving that entity.
   </li>
   <li>
-  Axiom 24 follows because constraints 36, 38, 40, 43, 44 ensure that an
+  Axiom 25 follows because constraints 36, 38, 40, 43, 44 ensure that an
   invalidation event for an entity  follows any other generation,
   usage, or invalidation events involving
   that entity.
   </li>
-  <li>Axiom 25 follows from constraint 41.</li>
-  <li> Axiom 26 follows from constraint 42 and from the fact that the
-  event ordering constraint graph <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-950-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>G</mi><mi>I</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-950">G_I</script> associated with a valid
-  instance <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-951-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-951">I</script> cannot have any cycles involving a strict precedence
+  <li>Axiom 26 follows from constraint 41.</li>
+  <li> Axiom 27 follows from constraint 42 and from the fact that the
+  event ordering constraint graph <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-958-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>G</mi><mi>I</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-958">G_I</script> associated with a valid
+  instance <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-959-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-959">I</script> cannot have any cycles involving a strict precedence
   edge.
   </li>
-  <li> Axioms 27 through 30 follow from Constraint 47.</li>
-  <li> Axioms 31 and 32 follow from Constraint 48.</li>
-  <li> Axioms 33 and 34 follow from Constraint 49.</li>
-    
+  <li> Axioms 28 through 31 follow from Constraint 47.</li>
+  <li> Axioms 32 and 33 follow from Constraint 48.</li>
+  <li> Axioms 34 and 35 follow from Constraint 49.</li>
+
   </ol>
   </section>
     
 <section id="main-results">
-<h4><span class="secno">6.2.5 </span>Main results</h4>
+<h4><span class="secno">10.2.5 </span>Main results</h4>
 
 <p> The main results of this section are that if a valid PROV instance
-    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-952-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-952">I</script> normalizes to
-    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-953-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-953">I'</script>, then  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-954-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-954">M(I') \models I</script>, and that furthermore <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-955-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-955">M(I')</script>
+    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-960-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-960">I</script> normalizes to
+    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-961-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-961">I'</script>, then  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-962-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-962">M(I') \models I</script>, and that furthermore <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-963-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>I</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-963">M(I')</script>
     satisfies all of the inferences and constraints.  Thus, a form of
     completeness holds: every valid PROV instance has a model.</p>
 
 <div class="theorem" id="weak-completeness-theorem" data-count="40" data-title="Theorem 40 (weak-completeness-theorem)"><div class="ruleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#weak-completeness-theorem">Theorem 40 (weak-completeness-theorem)</a></div>
-  <p>Suppose <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-956-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-956">J</script> is a valid PROV instance and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-957-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-957">I</script> is a normal form for
-  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-958-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-958">J</script>.  Then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-959-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-959">M(I) \models J</script>.</p>
+  <p>Suppose <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-964-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-964">J</script> is a valid PROV instance and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-965-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-965">I</script> is a normal form for
+  <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-966-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-966">J</script>.  Then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-967-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-967">M(I) \models J</script>.</p>
   </div>
   <div class="proof">
     <p>
-    First, we consider the case where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-960-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-960">J</script> itself is a valid,
-  normalized PROV instance <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-961-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-961">I</script>, and let <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-962-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-962">M(I)</script>
-  be the corresponding structure.  Then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-963-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-963">M(I)</script> is a PROV structure,
+    First, we consider the case where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-968-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-968">J</script> itself is a valid,
+  normalized PROV instance <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-969-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-969">I</script>, and let <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-970-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-970">M(I)</script>
+  be the corresponding structure.  Then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-971-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-971">M(I)</script> is a PROV structure,
   satisfying all of the axioms (and hence all of the inferences and
   constraints) stated above.
     </p>
 
-    <p>Moreover, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-964-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-964">M(I) \models I</script>, as can be verified on a
+    <p>Moreover, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-972-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-972">M(I) \models I</script>, as can be verified on a
     case-by-case basis for each type of formula by considering its
-    semantics and the definition of the construction of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-965-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-965">M</script>.  </p>
-
-    <p> To conclude, we need to show that if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-966-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-966">J</script> is not in normal
-    form, and normalizes to <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-967-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-967">I</script>, then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-968-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-968">M(I) \models J</script>.  We can prove
+    semantics and the definition of the construction of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-973-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-973">M</script>.  </p>
+
+    <p> To conclude, we need to show that if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-974-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-974">J</script> is not in normal
+    form, and normalizes to <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-975-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-975">I</script>, then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-976-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-976">M(I) \models J</script>.  We can prove
     this by induction on the length of the sequence of normalization
-    steps.  The base case, when <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-969-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>J</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-969">J = I</script>, is established already.
-    Suppose <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-970-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-970">J</script> normalizes in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-971-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-971">n+1</script> steps and we can perform one
-    normalization step on it to obtain <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-972-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-972">J'</script>, which normalizes to <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-973-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-973">I</script>
-    in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-974-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-974">n</script> steps.  By induction, we know that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-975-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-975">M(I) \models J'</script>.  For
-    each possible normalization step, we must show that if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-976-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-976">M(I)
-    \models J'</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-977-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-977">M(I) \models J</script>.
+    steps.  The base case, when <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-977-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>J</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-977">J = I</script>, is established already.
+    Suppose <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-978-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-978">J</script> normalizes in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-979-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">+</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-979">n+1</script> steps and we can perform one
+    normalization step on it to obtain <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-980-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-980">J'</script>, which normalizes to <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-981-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>I</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-981">I</script>
+    in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-982-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>n</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-982">n</script> steps.  By induction, we know that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-983-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-983">M(I) \models J'</script>.  For
+    each possible normalization step, we must show that if <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-984-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-984">M(I)
+    \models J'</script> then <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-985-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-985">M(I) \models J</script>.
     </p>
     <p>First consider inference steps.  These add information, that
-    is, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-978-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">⊇</mo><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-978">J' \supseteq J</script>.  Hence it is immediate that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-979-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-979">M(I) \models J</script>
-    since every formula in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-980-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-980">J</script> is in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-981-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-981">J'</script>, and all formulas of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-982-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-982">J'</script>
-    are satisfied in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-983-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-983">M(I)</script>.
+    is, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-986-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">⊇</mo><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-986">J' \supseteq J</script>.  Hence it is immediate that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-987-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-987">M(I) \models J</script>
+    since every formula in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-988-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-988">J</script> is in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-989-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-989">J'</script>, and all formulas of <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-990-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-990">J'</script>
+    are satisfied in <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-991-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-991">M(I)</script>.
     </p>
     <p>Next consider uniqueness constraint steps, which may involve
-    merging formulas.  That is, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-984-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>J</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>J</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-984">J = J_0 \cup
+    merging formulas.  That is, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-992-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>J</mi><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>J</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-992">J = J_0 \cup
     \{r(id,a_1,\ldots,a_n,attrs_1), r(id,b_1,\ldots,b_n,attrs_2)\}</script>
-    and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-985-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>J</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-985">J' = S(J_0) \cup \{r(id,S(a_1),\ldots,S(a_n),attrs_1\cup
-    attrs_2)\}</script>, where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-986-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-986">S</script> is a unifying substitution making <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-987-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-987">S(a_i) =
-    S(b_i)</script> for each <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-988-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>n</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-988">i \in \{1,\ldots,n\}</script>.  Since <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-989-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-989">M(I) \models J'</script>,
-    we must have <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-990-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-990">M(I),\rho \models J'</script>  for some <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-991-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-991">\rho</script>, and therefore
-    we must also have that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-992-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>J</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-992">M(I),\rho \models S(J_0)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-993-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-993">M(I),\rho \models r(id,S(a_1),\ldots,S(a_n),attrs_1\cup
-    attrs_2)</script>.  We can extend <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-994-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-994">\rho</script> to a valuation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-995-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-995">\rho'</script> such that
-    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-996-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mo stretchy="false">⋯</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>k</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>k</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-996">M(I),\rho' \models S(x_1) = x_1 \wedge \cdots \wedge S(x_k) =
-    x_k</script> where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-997-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>k</mi></msub><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-997">dom(S) = \{x_1,\ldots,x_k\}</script>.  Also, 
-    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-998-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msub><mi>J</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-998">M(I),\rho' \models J_0</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-999-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-999">M(I),\rho' \models r(id,a_1,\ldots,a_n,attrs_1\cup
-    attrs_2)</script>.  Moreover, since <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1000-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1000">S</script> is a unifier, we also have <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1001-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1001">M(I),\rho' \models r(id,b_1,\ldots,b_n,attrs_1\cup
+    and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-993-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>J</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-993">J' = S(J_0) \cup \{r(id,S(a_1),\ldots,S(a_n),attrs_1\cup
+    attrs_2)\}</script>, where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-994-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-994">S</script> is a unifying substitution making <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-995-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-995">S(a_i) =
+    S(b_i)</script> for each <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-996-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>i</mi><mo stretchy="false">∈</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>n</mi><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-996">i \in \{1,\ldots,n\}</script>.  Since <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-997-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-997">M(I) \models J'</script>,
+    we must have <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-998-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msup><mi>J</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-998">M(I),\rho \models J'</script>  for some <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-999-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-999">\rho</script>, and therefore
+    we must also have that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1000-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>J</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1000">M(I),\rho \models S(J_0)</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1001-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1001">M(I),\rho \models r(id,S(a_1),\ldots,S(a_n),attrs_1\cup
+    attrs_2)</script>.  We can extend <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1002-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1002">\rho</script> to a valuation <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1003-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1003">\rho'</script> such that
+    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1004-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mo stretchy="false">⋯</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>k</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>k</mi></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1004">M(I),\rho' \models S(x_1) = x_1 \wedge \cdots \wedge S(x_k) =
+    x_k</script> where <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1005-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>m</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">=</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>k</mi></msub><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1005">dom(S) = \{x_1,\ldots,x_k\}</script>.  Also, 
+    <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1006-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msub><mi>J</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1006">M(I),\rho' \models J_0</script> and <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1007-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1007">M(I),\rho' \models r(id,a_1,\ldots,a_n,attrs_1\cup
+    attrs_2)</script>.  Moreover, since <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1008-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1008">S</script> is a unifier, we also have <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1009-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1009">M(I),\rho' \models r(id,b_1,\ldots,b_n,attrs_1\cup
     attrs_2)</script>.  Finally, since we can always remove attributes from an
     atomic formula without damaging its satisfiability, we can
-    conclude that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1002-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1002">M(I),\rho' \models r(id,a_1,\ldots,a_n,attrs_1)
+    conclude that <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1010-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="italic">ρ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">∧</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1010">M(I),\rho' \models r(id,a_1,\ldots,a_n,attrs_1)
     \wedge r(id,b_1,\ldots,b_n,    attrs_2)</script>.  To conclude, we have
-    shown <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1003-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msub><mi>J</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1003">M(I) \models J_0 \cup \{ r(id,a_1,\ldots,a_n,attrs_1)
-   r(id,b_1,\ldots,b_n,    attrs_2)\}</script>, that is, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1004-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1004">M(I) \models J</script>, as
+    shown <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1011-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><msub><mi>J</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">∪</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mi>r</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>d</mi><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mo stretchy="false">…</mo><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">,</mo><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>r</mi><msub><mi>s</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1011">M(I) \models J_0 \cup \{ r(id,a_1,\ldots,a_n,attrs_1)
+   r(id,b_1,\ldots,b_n,    attrs_2)\}</script>, that is, <span class="MathJax_Preview"></span><span class="MathJax_MathML" id="MathJax-Element-1012-Frame" style="font-size: 100%; "><span class="MathJax_MathContainer" style="position: relative; display: inline-block; white-space: nowrap; "><span style="display: inline-block; "><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊨</mo><mi>J</mi></math></span></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1012">M(I) \models J</script>, as
     desired.
 </p>
 </div></section>
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