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+<html dir="ltr" about="" property="dcterms:language" content="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:dcterms='http://purl.org/dc/terms/' xmlns:bibo='http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/' xmlns:foaf='http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/' xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#'>
+<head>
+ <title>WebID 1.0</title>
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+
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+
+<!-- <script src='/ReSpec.js/js/respec.js' class='remove'></script> -->
+
+
+ <link href="http://dev.w3.org/2009/dap/ReSpec.js/css/respec.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" charset="utf-8" /><link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/w3c-unofficial" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" charset="utf-8" /></head><body style="display: inherit; "><div class="head"><p></p><h1 rel="dcterms:title" class="title" id="title">WebID 1.0</h1><h2 rel="bibo:subtitle" id="subtitle">Web Identification and Discovery</h2><h2 property="dcterms:issued" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2010-07-12T01:01:38+0000" id="unofficial-draft-11-july-2010">Unofficial Draft 11 July 2010</h2><dl><dt>Editor:</dt><dd rel="bibo:editor"><span typeof="foaf:Person"><span property="foaf:name">Manu Sporny</span>, <a rel="foaf:workplaceHomepage" href="http://blog.digitalbazaar.com/">Digital Bazaar, Inc.</a> <a rel="foaf:mbox" href="mailto:msporny@digitalbazaar.com">msporny@digitalbazaar.com</a> </span>
+</dd>
+<dt>Authors:</dt><dd><span><span>Toby Inkster</span></span>
+</dd>
+<dd><span><a content="Henry Story" href="http://bblfish.net/">Henry Story</a></span>
+</dd>
+</dl><p class="copyright">This document is licensed under a <a class="subfoot" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/" rel="license">Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License</a>.</p><hr></hr></div>
+ <div id="abstract" class="introductory section" property="dcterms:abstract" datatype="" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#abstract"><h2>Abstract</h2>
+
+<p>Identification and privacy have been at the center of how we
+interact with sites on the Web. The explosion of Websites over the last decade
+and a half has created a point of pain for anyone that uses the Web on a
+regular basis. Remembering login details, passwords,
+and sharing private information across the many websites that people use on a
+daily basis has become more difficult and complicated than necessary. This
+specification outlines a simple universal identification mechanism that is
+distributed, openly extensible, improves privacy, security and control over how
+one can identify themselves and control access to their information on the Web.
+</p>
+
+<div typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#how-to-read-this-document" class="section">
+<h3 id="how-to-read-this-document">How to Read this Document</h3>
+
+<p>There are a number of concepts that are covered in this document that the
+reader may want to be aware of before continuing. General knowledge of
+<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_cryptography">public key cryptography</a>
+is necessary to understand how to implement this specification.
+WebID also uses HTTP over TLS [<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-HTTP-TLS">HTTP-TLS</a>], X.509 certificates
+[<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-X509V3">X509V3</a>], and RDFa [<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-RDFA-CORE">RDFA-CORE</a>].</p>
+
+<p>A general <a href="#introduction">Introduction</a> is provided for all that
+would like to understand why this specification is necessary to simplify usage
+of the Web.</p>
+
+<p>The terms used throughout this specification are listed in the section
+titled <a href="#terminology">Terminology</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Developers that are interested in implementing this specification will be
+most interested in the sections titled
+<a href="#authentication-sequence">Authentication Sequence</a> and
+<a href="#authentication-sequence-details">Authentication Sequence Details</a>.
+
+</p></div>
+</div><div id="sotd" class="introductory section" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#sotd"><h2>Status of This Document</h2><p>This document is merely a public working draft of a potential specification. It has no official standing of any kind and does not represent the support or consensus of any standards organisation.</p>
+
+<!-- <p>This document has been reviewed by W3C Members, by software
+developers, and by other W3C groups and interested parties, and is
+endorsed by the Director as a W3C Recommendation. It is a stable
+document and may be used as reference material or cited from another
+document. W3C's role in making the Recommendation is to draw attention
+to the specification and to promote its widespread deployment. This
+enhances the functionality and interoperability of the Web.</p> -->
+
+
+The source code for this document is available via Github at the following
+URL: <a href="http://github.com/msporny/webid-spec">http://github.com/msporny/webid-spec</a>
+
+</div><div id="toc" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#toc" class="section"><h2 class="introductory">Table of Contents</h2><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#introduction" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#motivation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.1 </span>Motivation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#relation-to-openid" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.2 </span>Relation to OpenID</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#relation-to-oauth" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.3 </span>Relation to OAuth</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#the-webid-protocol" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2. </span>The WebID Protocol</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#terminology" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.1 </span>Terminology</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#authentication-sequence" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.2 </span>Authentication Sequence</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#authentication-sequence-details" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.3 </span>Authentication Sequence Details</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#initiating-a-tls-connection" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.3.1 </span>Initiating a TLS Connection</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#exchanging-the-identification-certificate" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.3.2 </span>Exchanging the Identification Certificate</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#processing-the-webid-profile" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.3.3 </span>Processing the WebID Profile</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#extracting-identification-url-details" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.3.4 </span>Extracting Identification URL Details</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#determining-access-privileges" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.3.5 </span>Determining Access Privileges</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A. </span>References</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#normative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A.1 </span>Normative references</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#informative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A.2 </span>Informative references</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
+
+
+
+<div class="informative section" id="introduction" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#introduction">
+
+<!-- OddPage -->
+<h2><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</h2><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
+
+<p>
+The WebID specification is designed to help alleviate the difficultly that
+remembering different logins, passwords and settings for websites has created.
+It is also designed to provide a universal and extensible mechanism to express
+public and private information about yourself. This section outlines the
+motivation behind the specification and the relationship to other similar
+specifications that are in active use today.
+</p>
+
+<div class="informative section" id="motivation" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#motivation">
+<h3><span class="secno">1.1 </span>Motivation</h3><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
+
+<p>
+It is a fundamental design criteria of the Web to enable individuals and
+organizations to control how they interact with the rest of society. This
+includes how one expresses their identity, public information and personal
+details to social networks, Web sites and services.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Semantic Web vocabularies such as Friend-of-a-Friend (FOAF) permit distributed
+hyperlinked social networks to exist. This vocabulary, along with other
+vocabularies, allow one to add information and services protection to
+distributed social networks.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One major criticism of open networks is that they seem to have no way of
+protecting the personal information distributed on the web or limiting
+access to resources. Few people are willing to make all their personal
+information public, many would like large pieces to be protected, making
+it available only to a select group of agents. Giving access to
+information is very similar to giving access to services. There are many
+occasions when people would like services to only be accessible to
+members of a group, such as allowing only friends, family members,
+colleagues to post an article, photo or comment on a blog. How does one do
+this in a flexible way, without requiring a central point of
+access control?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Using an process made popular by OpenID, we show how one can tie a User
+Agent to a URL by proving that one has write access to the URL. WebID is
+a simpler alternative to OpenID (fewer connections), that uses X.509
+certificates to tie a User Agent (Browser) to a Person identified via a URL.
+WebID also provides a few additional features to OpenID. These
+features include trust management, via digital signatures, and free-form
+extensibility via RDFa. By using the existing SSL certificate exchange
+mechanism, WebID integrates more smoothly with existing Web browsers, including
+browsers on mobile devices. WebID also permits automated session login
+in addition to interactive session login. Additionally, all data is encrypted
+and guaranteed to only be received by the person or organization that was
+intended to receive it.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="informative section" id="relation-to-openid" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#relation-to-openid">
+<h3><span class="secno">1.2 </span>Relation to OpenID</h3><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
+
+<p>While some may say that OpenID and WebID conflict, WebID is 100% compatible
+with OpenID since both use a URL for identification. Therefore, WebID does not
+intend to replace OpenID, but can work beside OpenID just as easily as providing
+a complete solution. That said, there are a number of benefits that WebID
+achieves over OpenID:
+</p>
+
+<p>WebID gives people and other agents a Web ID URL for identification, just
+like OpenId does. However, in the case of WebID, the user does not need to
+remember the URL, the browser or User Agent does. A login button on a
+WebID web site is just a button. No need to enter any identifier like one
+has to for OpenID. Just click the button. Your browser will then ask you what
+identity you wish to use. The person that is browsing does not need to
+remember either the WebID URL or the website password. The only password one
+needs to remember is the one that is used to access their collection of
+WebIDs in their browser.</p>
+
+<p>The WebID protocol requires just one direct network connection to establish
+identity via the client. The server requires one connection to the client and
+one connection to retrieve the WebID Profile if it does not have the credential
+information cached. Compare this to the much more complex OpenID sequence, which
+requires six connections by the client to establish a login. In a world of
+distributed data where each site can point to data on any other site, multiple
+connections become costly to manage.</p>
+
+<p>WebID builds on well established Internet and Web standards;
+<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/REST">REST</a>,
+RDF [<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-RDF-PRIMER">RDF-PRIMER</a>], RDFa [<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-RDFA-CORE">RDFA-CORE</a>], TLS [<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-HTTP-TLS">HTTP-TLS</a>], and X.509
+[<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-X509V3">X509V3</a>]. By building on previous standards, it makes both explaining and
+implementing WebID easier on developers.</p>
+
+<p>Since WebID is RESTful, you can perform basic HTTP operations to
+<code>GET</code> your WebID, and if you needed update it, you can use
+HTTP <code>PUT</code> semantics. You can also create a WebID via
+<code>POST</code>. This is improved from the OpenID specification, which
+requires a new set of operations described in the OpenID Attribute Exchange
+specification.</p>
+
+<p>It is easy to extend a WebID with new attributes via RDF. The power of
+RDF and RDFa allows developers to add extensions to WebID by defining new
+vocabularies that they publish. There is no authorization process necessary
+and thus WebID allows for distributed innovation. Every WebID property is
+a URI, which when clicked, can give you yet more information about what the
+property means. A developer can create new usage classes by extending their
+vocabulary at will. A developer can add relationships to a WebID by simply
+adding more HTML to the developer's page. OpenID does not provide any type of
+distributed innovation akin to RDF or RDFa.</p>
+
+<p>WebID is built on RDF and thus enables all of the advanced semantic web
+concepts that RDF enables. For example, a developer may perform machine
+reasoning with a WebID. One can construct machine-executable statements like
+"If this WebID claims to be a friend of one of our partner WebIDs that is
+trusted and the relationship is bi-directional, trust the WebID."
+While OpenID attempts to support this use case by mapping OpenID to RDF, it's
+far easier to do with WebID because WebID is natively RDF-aware.</p>
+
+<p>Implementing WebID is easier than OpenID because all of the basic
+technologies have been working and integrated into Web browsers for many years.
+There were already three interoperable implementations of WebID before this
+specification was written.</p>
+
+<p>WebID is truly decentralized - with WebID you get a web of trust.
+OpenID only supports the Web of Trust model if you indirectly trust the
+OpenID provider. In other words - OpenID is not truly decentralized. In OpenID
+you must trust OpenID providers. With WebID you only have to trust the people
+and the organizations with which you are communicating. In other words, you
+don't have to ask anyone whether or not you can trust your friends. You can
+query people that you trust directly to see if someone is trustworthy or not.
+There is no need for a central WebID authority.
+</p>
+
+<p>WebID is fully distributed, anyone can setup a WebID by placing a single
+file on a web server of their choosing. There is no need for a special
+OpenID-like provider service. The only thing anyone that wants a WebID needs
+is a web account where you can post your WebID file, ideally on your own domain
+name. You can also use a WebID hosting provider, but it's not necessary for
+WebID to work. While it is possible to run an OpenID server, other
+OpenID applications may not trust you and thus you won't be able to fully
+utilize your private OpenID credentials. The reason that there are a few
+large OpenID providers and very few small OpenID providers is because of this
+trust design issue related to OpenID.</p>
+
+<p>WebID does not require HTTP redirects. Redirects are are problematic on many
+cell phones, because telecoms heavily rely on proxys, which selectively block
+redirects.</p>
+
+<p>A WebID provider is 100% compatible with an OpenID provider and thus can
+inter-operate with OpenID-powered networks.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="informative section" id="relation-to-oauth" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#relation-to-oauth">
+<h3><span class="secno">1.3 </span>Relation to OAuth</h3><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
+
+<p>
+OAuth and WebID are mutually beneficial when used together. WebID can be
+used to provide RSA parameters to the RSA-SHA1 signature method required by
+OAuth 1.0. WebID can also be used to establish the consumer_key and HTTPS
+connection that will be used to transmit OAuth Tokens in OAuth 2.0.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="normative section" id="the-webid-protocol" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#the-webid-protocol">
+
+<!-- OddPage -->
+<h2><span class="secno">2. </span>The WebID Protocol</h2>
+
+<div class="normative section" id="terminology" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#terminology">
+<h3><span class="secno">2.1 </span>Terminology</h3>
+
+<dl>
+
+<dt><dfn title="Verification_Agent" id="dfn-verification_agent">Verification Agent</dfn></dt>
+<dd>Performs authentication on provided WebID credentials and determines if
+an <a class="tref internalDFN" title="Identification_Agent" href="#dfn-identification_agent">Identification Agent</a> can have access to a particular
+resource. A <a class="tref internalDFN" title="Verification_Agent" href="#dfn-verification_agent">Verification Agent</a> is typically a Web server, but
+may also be a peer on a peer-to-peer network.</dd>
+
+<dt><dfn title="Identification_Agent" id="dfn-identification_agent">Identification Agent</dfn></dt>
+<dd>Provides identification credentials to a Verification Agent. The
+<a class="tref internalDFN" title="Identification_Agent" href="#dfn-identification_agent">Identification Agent</a> is typically also a User Agent.</dd>
+
+<dt><dfn title="Identification_Certificate" id="dfn-identification_certificate">Identification Certificate</dfn></dt>
+<dd>An X.509 [<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-X509V3">X509V3</a>] Certificate that <em class="rfc2119" title="must">must</em> contain the
+<code>Subject Alternative Name</code> field pointing to a URL that is
+dereference-able and results in a document containing RDF data. For example
+the certificate would contain <code>http://example.org/webid#public</code>,
+known as a <a class="tref internalDFN" title="WebID_URL" href="#dfn-webid_url">WebID URL</a>, as
+the <code>Subject Alternative Name</code>:
+<code><pre>
+X509v3 extensions:
+ ...
+ X509v3 Subject Alternative Name:
+ URI:http://example.org/webid#public
+</pre></code>
+
+</dd><dt><dfn title="WebID_URL" id="dfn-webid_url">WebID URL</dfn></dt>
+<dd>A URL specified in the <code>Subject Alternative Name</code> field of the
+<a class="tref internalDFN" title="Identification_Certificate" href="#dfn-identification_certificate">Identification Certificate</a> that identifies a
+<a class="tref internalDFN" title="WebID_Profile" href="#dfn-webid_profile">WebID Profile</a> document.</dd>
+
+<dt><dfn title="WebID_Profile" id="dfn-webid_profile">WebID Profile</dfn></dt>
+<dd>
+A structured document that contains identification credentials for the
+<a class="tref internalDFN" title="Identification_Agent" href="#dfn-identification_agent">Identification Agent</a> expressed using the Resource Description
+Framework [<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-RDF-CONCEPTS">RDF-CONCEPTS</a>]. The XHTML+RDFa 1.1 [<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-XHTML-RDFA">XHTML-RDFA</a>] serialization
+format <em class="rfc2119" title="must">must</em> be supported by the mechanism, e.g. a Web Service, providing the
+WebID Profile document. Alternate RDF serialization
+formats, such as N3 [<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-N3">N3</a>], Turtle [<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-TURTLE">TURTLE</a>], or RDF/XML
+[<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-RDF-SYNTAX-GRAMMAR">RDF-SYNTAX-GRAMMAR</a>] <em class="rfc2119" title="may">may</em> be supported by the mechanism providing the
+WebID Profile document.
+</dd>
+
+</dl>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="normative section" id="authentication-sequence" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#authentication-sequence">
+<h3><span class="secno">2.2 </span>Authentication Sequence</h3>
+
+<p>The following steps are executed by Verification Agents and Identification
+Agents to determine if access should be granted to a particular resource.
+</p>
+
+<ol>
+<li>The <a class="tref internalDFN" title="Identification_Agent" href="#dfn-identification_agent">Identification Agent</a> attempts to access a resource
+using HTTP over TLS [<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-HTTP-TLS">HTTP-TLS</a>] via the <a class="tref internalDFN" title="Verification_Agent" href="#dfn-verification_agent">Verification Agent</a>.</li>
+
+<li>The <a class="tref internalDFN" title="Verification_Agent" href="#dfn-verification_agent">Verification Agent</a> <em class="rfc2119" title="must">must</em> request the
+<a class="tref internalDFN" title="Identification_Certificate" href="#dfn-identification_certificate">Identification Certificate</a> of the <a class="tref internalDFN" title="Identification_Agent" href="#dfn-identification_agent">Identification Agent</a>
+as a part of the TLS client-cerificate retrieval protocol.</li>
+
+<li>The <a class="tref internalDFN" title="Verification_Agent" href="#dfn-verification_agent">Verification Agent</a> <em class="rfc2119" title="must">must</em> extract the <a class="tref internalDFN" title="WebID_URL" href="#dfn-webid_url">WebID URL</a>
+contained in the <code>Subject Alternative Name</code> field of the
+<a class="tref internalDFN" title="Identification_Certificate" href="#dfn-identification_certificate">Identification Certificate</a>. The <a class="tref internalDFN" title="WebID_Profile" href="#dfn-webid_profile">WebID Profile</a> document
+<em class="rfc2119" title="must">must</em> be dereferenced and all triples pertaining to the public key associated
+with the <a class="tref internalDFN" title="WebID_URL" href="#dfn-webid_url">WebID URL</a> <em class="rfc2119" title="must">must</em> be extracted.
+</li>
+
+<li>The remote document triples <em class="rfc2119" title="must">must</em> be queried for information about the
+public key contained in the <a class="tref internalDFN" title="Identification_Certificate" href="#dfn-identification_certificate">Identification Certificate</a>.
+If the public key in the certificate is found in the list of public keys
+associated with the <a class="tref internalDFN" title="WebID_URL" href="#dfn-webid_url">WebID URL</a>, the <a class="tref internalDFN" title="Verification_Agent" href="#dfn-verification_agent">Verification Agent</a>
+<em class="rfc2119" title="must">must</em> assume that the client has write access to the <a class="tref internalDFN" title="WebID_Profile" href="#dfn-webid_profile">WebID Profile</a> and
+therefore owns the document.</li>
+
+<li>At this point, the <a class="tref internalDFN" title="Verification_Agent" href="#dfn-verification_agent">Verification Agent</a> has verified that the
+<a class="tref internalDFN" title="WebID_Profile" href="#dfn-webid_profile">WebID Profile</a> is owned by the <a class="tref internalDFN" title="Identification_Agent" href="#dfn-identification_agent">Identification Agent</a>. The
+<a class="tref internalDFN" title="Verification_Agent" href="#dfn-verification_agent">Verification Agent</a> <em class="rfc2119" title="must">must</em> use the now verified public key contained
+in the <a class="tref internalDFN" title="Identification_Certificate" href="#dfn-identification_certificate">Identification Certificate</a> for all TLS-based communication
+with the <a class="tref internalDFN" title="Identification_Agent" href="#dfn-identification_agent">Identification Agent</a>.
+</li></ol>
+
+<p>
+The <a class="tref internalDFN" title="Identification_Agent" href="#dfn-identification_agent">Identification Agent</a> <em class="rfc2119" title="may">may</em> re-establish a different identity at
+any time by executing all of the steps in the Authentication Sequence again.
+Additional algorithms, detailed in the next section, <em class="rfc2119" title="may">may</em> be performed to
+determine if the <a class="tref internalDFN" title="Verification_Agent" href="#dfn-verification_agent">Verification Agent</a> can access a particular
+resource after the last step of the Authentication Sequence has been
+completed.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="normative section" id="authentication-sequence-details" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#authentication-sequence-details">
+<h3><span class="secno">2.3 </span>Authentication Sequence Details</h3>
+
+<p>This section covers details about each step in the authentication process.
+</p>
+
+<div class="normative section" id="initiating-a-tls-connection" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#initiating-a-tls-connection">
+<h4><span class="secno">2.3.1 </span>Initiating a TLS Connection</h4>
+
+<p class="issue">This section will detail how the TLS connection process is
+started and used by WebID to create a secure channel between the
+Identification Agent and the Verification Agent.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="normative section" id="exchanging-the-identification-certificate" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#exchanging-the-identification-certificate">
+<h4><span class="secno">2.3.2 </span>Exchanging the Identification Certificate</h4>
+
+<p class="issue">This section will detail how the certificate is selected and
+sent to the Verification Agent.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="normative section" id="processing-the-webid-profile" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#processing-the-webid-profile">
+<h4><span class="secno">2.3.3 </span>Processing the WebID Profile</h4>
+
+<p>A server responding to a WebID Profile request <em class="rfc2119" title="must">must</em> support returning an
+XHTML+RDFa [<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-XHTML-RDFA">XHTML-RDFA</a>] document with either a <code>text/html</code> or
+<code>application/xhtml+xml</code> MIMEtype. A server <em class="rfc2119" title="may">may</em> support HTTP content
+negotiation and return a document that conforms to N3 [<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-N3">N3</a>], Turtle
+[<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-TURTLE">TURTLE</a>], or RDF/XML [<a class="bibref" rel="biblioentry" href="#bib-RDF-SYNTAX-GRAMMAR">RDF-SYNTAX-GRAMMAR</a>].
+
+</p><p class="issue">This section will explain how a Verification Agent extracts
+semantic data describing the identification credentials from a WebID Profile.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="normative section" id="extracting-identification-url-details" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#extracting-identification-url-details">
+<h4><span class="secno">2.3.4 </span>Extracting Identification URL Details</h4>
+
+<p>
+The <a class="tref internalDFN" title="Verification_Agent" href="#dfn-verification_agent">Verification Agent</a> may use a number of different methods to
+extract the public key information from the <a class="tref internalDFN" title="WebID_Profile" href="#dfn-webid_profile">WebID Profile</a>.
+</p>
+The following SPARQL query outlines one way in which the public key
+could be extracted from the <a class="tref internalDFN" title="WebID_Profile" href="#dfn-webid_profile">WebID Profile</a>:
+<code><pre>
+PREFIX cert: <http://www.w3.org/ns/auth/cert#>
+PREFIX rsa: <http://www.w3.org/ns/auth/rsa#>
+SELECT ?modulus ?exp
+WHERE {
+ ?key cert:identity <http://example.org/webid#public>;
+ a rsa:RSAPublicKey;
+ rsa:modulus [ cert:hex ?modulus; ];
+ rsa:public_exponent [ cert:decimal ?exp ] .
+}
+</pre></code>
+
+<p class="issue">This section still needs more information.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="normative section" id="determining-access-privileges" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#determining-access-privileges">
+<h4><span class="secno">2.3.5 </span>Determining Access Privileges</h4>
+
+<p class="issue">This section will explain how a Verification Agent may
+use the information discovered via a WebID URL to determine if one should
+be able to access a particular resource. It will explain how a Verification
+Agent can use links to other RDFa documents to build knowledge about the
+given WebID.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div id="appendix" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#appendix" class="section">
+
+<div class="informative section" id="history" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#history">
+<h4>Change History</h4><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
+<p>2010-07-11 Initial version.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="informative section" id="acknowledgements" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#acknowledgements">
+<h4>Acknowledgments</h4><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
+
+<p>The following people have been instrumental in providing thoughts, feedback,
+reviews, criticism and input in the creation of this specification:</p>
+
+<ul>
+<li>Melvin Carvalho</li>
+<li>Bruno Harbulot</li>
+<li>Toby Inkster</li>
+<li>Ian Jacobi</li>
+<li>Jeff Sayre</li>
+<li>Henry Story</li>
+</ul>
+
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+
+</div><div id="references" class="appendix section" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#references">
+<!-- OddPage -->
+<h2><span class="secno">A. </span>References</h2><div id="normative-references" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#normative-references" class="section"><h3><span class="secno">A.1 </span>Normative references</h3><dl class="bibliography" about=""><dt id="bib-HTTP-TLS">[HTTP-TLS]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">E. Rescorla. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2818.txt"><cite>HTTP Over TLS.</cite></a> May 2000. Internet RFC 2818. URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2818.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2818.txt</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-N3">[N3]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Tim Berners-Lee; Dan Connolly. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TeamSubmission/2008/SUBM-n3-20080114/"><cite>Notation3 (N3): A readable RDF syntax.</cite></a> 14 January 2008. W3C Team Submission. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TeamSubmission/2008/SUBM-n3-20080114/">http://www.w3.org/TeamSubmission/2008/SUBM-n3-20080114/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDF-SYNTAX-GRAMMAR">[RDF-SYNTAX-GRAMMAR]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Dave Beckett. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-syntax-grammar-20040210"><cite>RDF/XML Syntax Specification (Revised).</cite></a> 10 February 2004. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-syntax-grammar-20040210">http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-syntax-grammar-20040210</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDFA-CORE">[RDFA-CORE]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Shane McCarron; et al. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/WD-rdfa-core-20100422"><cite>RDFa Core 1.1: Syntax and processing rules for embedding RDF through attributes.</cite></a>22 April 2010. W3C Working Draft. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/WD-rdfa-core-20100422">http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/WD-rdfa-core-20100422</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-TURTLE">[TURTLE]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">David Beckett, Tim Berners-Lee. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TeamSubmission/turtle/">Turtle: Terse RDF Triple Language</a> January 2008. W3C Team Submission. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TeamSubmission/turtle/">http://www.w3.org/TeamSubmission/turtle/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-X509V3">[X509V3]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires"><cite>ITU-T Recommendation X.509 version 3 (1997). "Information Technology - Open Systems Interconnection - The Directory Authentication Framework" ISO/IEC 9594-8:1997</cite>.
+</dd><dt id="bib-XHTML-RDFA">[XHTML-RDFA]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Shane McCarron; et. al. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/WD-xhtml-rdfa-20100422"><cite>XHTML+RDFa 1.1.</cite></a> 22 April 2010. W3C Working Draft. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/WD-xhtml-rdfa-20100422">http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xhtml-rdfa-20100422</a>
+</dd></dl></div><div id="informative-references" typeof="bibo:Chapter" about="#informative-references" class="section"><h3><span class="secno">A.2 </span>Informative references</h3><dl class="bibliography" about=""><dt id="bib-RDF-CONCEPTS">[RDF-CONCEPTS]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:references">Graham Klyne; Jeremy J. Carroll. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-concepts-20040210"><cite>Resource Description Framework (RDF): Concepts and Abstract Syntax.</cite></a> 10 February 2004. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-concepts-20040210">http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-concepts-20040210</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDF-PRIMER">[RDF-PRIMER]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:references">Frank Manola; Eric Miller. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-primer-20040210/"><cite>RDF Primer.</cite></a> 10 February 2004. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-primer-20040210/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-primer-20040210/</a>
+</dd></dl></div></div></body></html>