--- a/ttml10/spec/ttaf1-dfxp.html Thu May 09 23:43:07 2013 -0600
+++ b/ttml10/spec/ttaf1-dfxp.html Mon May 13 11:31:28 2013 -0600
@@ -80,15 +80,15 @@
.strong { font-weight: bold }
.reqattr { font-weight: bold }
.optattr { font-style: italic }
-</style><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-ED.css"></head><body>Last Modified: $Date: 2013/05/10 04:54:33 $<div id="revisions"></div><div class="head">
-<h1><a name="title" id="title"></a>Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) 1.0 (Second Edition)</h1>
-<h2><a name="w3c-doctype" id="w3c-doctype"></a>Editors' copy $Date: 2013/05/10 04:54:33 $ @@ @@@@ @@@@</h2><dl><dt>This version:</dt><dd>
+</style><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-ED.css"></head><body>Last Modified: $Date$<div id="revisions"></div><div class="head">
+<h1><a id="title"></a>Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) 1.0 (Second Edition)</h1>
+<h2><a id="w3c-doctype"></a>Editors' copy $Date$ @@ @@@@ @@@@</h2><dl><dt>This version:</dt><dd>
<a href="ttaf1-dfxp.html">ttaf1-dfxp.html</a>
</dd><dt>Latest version:</dt><dd><a href="http://dvcs.w3.org/hg/ttml/raw-file/tip/ttml10/spec/ttaf1-dfxp.html?content-type=text/html;charset=utf-8">http://dvcs.w3.org/hg/ttml/raw-file/tip/ttml10/spec/ttaf1-dfxp.html?content-type=text/html;charset=utf-8</a></dd><dt>Previous version:</dt><dd>
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-ttaf1-dfxp-20101118/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-ttaf1-dfxp-20101118/</a>
</dd><dt>Editor:</dt><dd>Glenn Adams, Cox Communications, Inc.</dd><dt>Contributing Authors:</dt><dd>Mike Dolan, Invited Expert</dd><dd>Geoff Freed, WGBH National Center for Accessible Media</dd><dd>Sean Hayes, Microsoft</dd><dd>Erik Hodge, RealNetworks</dd><dd>David Kirby, British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)</dd><dd>Thierry Michel, W3C</dd><dd>Dave Singer, Apple Computer</dd></dl><p>Please refer to the <a href="https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/ttml/raw-file/default/ttml10/spec/ttml-issues.html">errata</a> for this document, which may
include normative corrections.</p><p>See also <a href="http://www.w3.org/2003/03/Translations/byTechnology?technology=ttaf1-dfxp"><strong>translations</strong></a>.</p><p class="copyright"><a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a> © @@@@ <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><acronym title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</acronym></a><sup>®</sup> (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><acronym title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</acronym></a>, <a href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><acronym title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</acronym></a>, <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>, <a href="http://ev.buaa.edu.cn/">Beihang</a>), All Rights Reserved. W3C <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a> and <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document use</a> rules apply.</p></div><hr><div>
-<h2><a name="abstract" id="abstract"></a>Abstract</h2><p>This document specifies the Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) in terms of a
+<h2><a id="abstract"></a>Abstract</h2><p>This document specifies the Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) in terms of a
vocabulary and semantics thereof.</p><p>The Timed Text Markup Language is a content type that represents
timed text media for the purpose of interchange among authoring
systems. Timed text is textual information that is intrinsically or
@@ -96,13 +96,13 @@
for the purpose of transcoding or exchanging timed text information
among legacy distribution content formats presently in use for
subtitling and captioning functions.</p><p>In addition to being used for interchange among legacy distribution content
-formats, TTML content may be used directly as a distribution format,
+formats, TTML Content may be used directly as a distribution format,
for example, providing a standard content format to reference from a <code><track></code>
element in an HTML5 document, or a <code><text></code> or
-<code><textstream></code> media object element in a <a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a> document.</p></div><div>
-<h2><a name="status" id="status"></a>Status of this Document</h2><p><strong>This document is an editor's copy that has
+<code><textstream></code> media element in a <a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a> document.</p></div><div>
+<h2><a id="status"></a>Status of this Document</h2><p><strong>This document is an editor's copy that has
no official standing.</strong></p><p></p></div><div class="toc">
-<h2><a name="contents" id="contents"></a>Table of Contents</h2><p class="toc">1 <a href="#intro">Introduction</a><br>
+<h2><a id="contents"></a>Table of Contents</h2><p class="toc">1 <a href="#intro">Introduction</a><br>
1.1 <a href="#model">System Model</a><br>
1.2 <a href="#example">Document Example</a><br>
2 <a href="#definitions">Definitions</a><br>
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@
3.2.3 <a href="#conformance-presentation-processor">Presentation Processor Conformance</a><br>
3.3 <a href="#claims">Claims</a><br>
4 <a href="#doctypes">Document Types</a><br>
- 4.1 <a href="#dfxp-content-doctype">DFXP Content</a><br>
+ 4.1 <a href="#ttml-content-doctype">TTML Content</a><br>
5 <a href="#vocabulary">Vocabulary</a><br>
5.1 <a href="#vocabulary-namespaces">Namespaces</a><br>
5.2 <a href="#vocabulary-profiles">Profiles</a><br>
@@ -256,14 +256,14 @@
12.2.1 <a href="#metadata-attribute-agent">ttm:agent</a><br>
12.2.2 <a href="#metadata-attribute-role">ttm:role</a><br>
</p>
-<h3><a name="appendices" id="appendices"></a>Appendices</h3><p class="toc">A <a href="#reduced-infoset">Reduced XML Infoset</a><br>
+<h3><a id="appendices"></a>Appendices</h3><p class="toc">A <a href="#reduced-infoset">Reduced XML Infoset</a><br>
A.1 <a href="#reduced-infoset-document">Document Information Item</a><br>
A.2 <a href="#reduced-infoset-element">Element Information Item</a><br>
A.3 <a href="#reduced-infoset-attribute">Attribute Information Item</a><br>
A.4 <a href="#reduced-infoset-character">Character Information Item</a><br>
B <a href="#schemas">Schemas</a><br>
- B.1 <a href="#dfxp-schema-rnc">Relax NG Schema</a><br>
- B.2 <a href="#dfxp-schema-xsd">XML Schema Definition (XSD) Schema</a><br>
+ B.1 <a href="#ttml-schema-rnc">Relax NG Compact (RNC) Schema</a><br>
+ B.2 <a href="#ttml-schema-xsd">XML Schema Definition (XSD) Schema</a><br>
C <a href="#media-types-registration">Media Type Registration</a><br>
D <a href="#features">Features</a><br>
D.1 <a href="#feature-designations">Feature Designations</a><br>
@@ -392,11 +392,11 @@
H <a href="#other-references">Other References</a> (Non-Normative)<br>
I <a href="#requirements">Requirements</a> (Non-Normative)<br>
J <a href="#derivation">Vocabulary Derivation</a> (Non-Normative)<br>
- J.1 <a href="#d3e17572">Element Derivation</a><br>
- J.2 <a href="#d3e18051">Attribute Derivation</a><br>
+ J.1 <a href="#d3e18212">Element Derivation</a><br>
+ J.2 <a href="#d3e18691">Attribute Derivation</a><br>
K <a href="#qa">QA Framework Compliance</a> (Non-Normative)<br>
- K.1 <a href="#d3e18919">Requirements</a><br>
- K.2 <a href="#d3e19083">Guidelines</a><br>
+ K.1 <a href="#d3e19561">Requirements</a><br>
+ K.2 <a href="#d3e19725">Guidelines</a><br>
L <a href="#streaming">Streaming TTML Content</a> (Non-Normative)<br>
M <a href="#concrete-encoding">Concrete Encoding</a> (Non-Normative)<br>
N <a href="#time-expression-semantics">Time Expression Semantics</a> (Non-Normative)<br>
@@ -409,35 +409,39 @@
O.3 <a href="#paint-on-example">Paint-On Caption Example</a><br>
P <a href="#acknowledgments">Acknowledgments</a> (Non-Normative)<br>
</p></div><hr><div class="body"><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="intro" id="intro"></a>1 Introduction</h2><p><em>Unless specified otherwise, this section and its sub-sections are non-normative.</em></p><p>The Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) 1.0
+<h2><a id="intro"></a>1 Introduction</h2><p><em>Unless specified otherwise, this section and its sub-sections are non-normative.</em></p><p>The Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) 1.0
provides a standardized representation of a particular subset of
textual information with which stylistic, layout, and timing semantics are associated by
-an author or an authoring system for the purpose of interchange and potential presentation.</p><p>TTML is expressly designed to meet only a limited set of requirements
+an author or an authoring system for the purpose of interchange and processing.</p><p>TTML is expressly designed to meet only a limited set of requirements
established by <a href="#ttaf1-req">[TTAF1-REQ]</a>, and summarized in <a href="#requirements"><b>I Requirements</b></a>. In particular, only those requirements which service the
need of performing interchange with existing, legacy distribution systems are
satisfied.</p><p>In addition to being used for interchange among legacy distribution content
-formats, TTML content may be used directly as a distribution format, providing, for
+formats, TTML Content may be used directly as a distribution format (as implied by
+the acronym DFXP), providing, for
example, a standard content format to reference from a <code><track></code>
element in an HTML5 document, or a <code><text></code> or
<code><textstream></code> media element in a <a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a> document. Certain properties of TTML support
-streamability of content, as described in <a href="#streaming"><b>L Streaming TTML Content</b></a>.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>While TTML was not expressly designed for direct (embedded) integration into a
-SMIL document instance, such integration is not precluded.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In some contexts of use, it may be appropriate to employ
+streamability of content, as described in <a href="#streaming"><b>L Streaming TTML Content</b></a>.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>While TTML was not expressly designed for direct (embedded) integration into an
+HTML or a SMIL document instance, such integration is not precluded.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In some contexts of use, it may be appropriate to employ
animated content to depict sign language representations of the same content
-as expressed by a Timed Text document instance. This use case is not
+as expressed by a Timed Text <em>Document Instance</em>. This use case is not
explicitly addressed by TTML mechanisms, but may be addressed by some
-external multimedia integration technology, such as SMIL.</p></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="model" id="model"></a>1.1 System Model</h3><p>Use of TTML is intended to function in a wider context of Timed Text
-Authoring and Distribution mechanisms that are based upon a system
-model, depicted in <a href="#model-graphic"><b>Figure 1 – System Model</b></a>, wherein the Timed Text Markup Language
+external multimedia integration technology, such as SMIL.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In previous drafts of this specification, TTML was referred to as DFXP (Distribution
+Format Exchange Profile). This latter term is retained for historical reasons in
+certain contexts, such as profile names and designators, and the short name
+<code>ttaf1-dfxp</code> used in URLs to refer to this specification.</p></div><div class="div2">
+<h3><a id="model"></a>1.1 System Model</h3><p>Use of TTML is intended to function in a wider context of Timed Text
+Authoring and Distribution mechanisms that are based upon the system
+model depicted in <a href="#model-graphic"><b>Figure 1 – System Model</b></a>, wherein the Timed Text Markup Language
serves as a bidirectional interchange format among a heterogeneous collection of
authoring systems, and as a unidirectional interchange format to a
heterogeneous collection of distribution formats after undergoing transcoding
or compilation to the target distribution formats as required, and where one
-particular distribution format is TTML.</p><a name="model-graphic" id="model-graphic"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Figure 1 – System Model</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/model.png" alt="System Model"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="example" id="example"></a>1.2 Document Example</h3><p>A TTML document instance consists of a <code>tt</code> document element that contains
+particular distribution format is TTML (labeled as "DFXP" in the figure).</p><a id="model-graphic"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Figure 1 – System Model</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/model.png" alt="System Model"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div2">
+<h3><a id="example"></a>1.2 Document Example</h3><p>A TTML <em>Document Instance</em> consists of a <code>tt</code> document element that contains
a header and a body, where the header specifies document level metadata, styling
definitions and layout definitions, and the body specifies text content intermixed
-with references to style and layout information and inline timing information.</p><a name="dfxp-example-document-structure" id="dfxp-example-document-structure"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – TTML Document Structure</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+with references to style and layout information and inline styling and timing information.</p><a id="ttml-example-document-structure"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – TTML Document Structure</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<tt xml:lang="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml">
<head>
@@ -450,7 +454,7 @@
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Document level metadata may specify a document title, description,
and copyright information. In addition, arbitrary metadata drawn from
-other namespaces may be specified.</p><a name="dfxp-example-metadata" id="dfxp-example-metadata"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – TTML Metadata</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+other namespaces may be specified.</p><a id="ttml-example-metadata"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – TTML Metadata</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<metadata xmlns:ttm="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#metadata">
<ttm:title>Timed Text TTML Example</ttm:title>
@@ -458,8 +462,9 @@
</metadata>
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Styling information may be specified in the form of style specification
-definitions that are referenced by layout and content information.</p><p>In <a href="#dfxp-example-styling"><b>Example Fragment – TTML Styling</b></a>, four style sets of specifications
-are defined, with one set serving as a collection of default styles.</p><a name="dfxp-example-styling" id="dfxp-example-styling"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – TTML Styling</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+definitions that are referenced by layout and content information,
+specified inline with content information, or both.</p><p>In <a href="#ttml-example-styling"><b>Example Fragment – TTML Styling</b></a>, four style sets of specifications
+are defined, with one set serving as a collection of default styles.</p><a id="ttml-example-styling"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – TTML Styling</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<styling xmlns:tts="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#styling">
<!-- s1 specifies default color, font, and text alignment -->
@@ -481,11 +486,12 @@
is intended to be presented. A region definition may reference one or
more sets of style specifications in order to permit content flowed in the
region to inherit from these styles.
-In <a href="#dfxp-example-layout"><b>Example Fragment – TTML Layout</b></a>, the region definition makes
-reference to style specification <code>s1</code> which allows all content
-flowed into the region to inherit from the region's styles (in the case
+In <a href="#ttml-example-layout"><b>Example Fragment – TTML Layout</b></a>, the region definition makes
+reference to style specification <code>s1</code> augmented by specific inline
+styles which, together, allow content flowed into the region to inherit
+from the region's styles (in the case
that a style is not already explicitly specified on content or inherited
-via the content hierarchy.)</p><a name="dfxp-example-layout" id="dfxp-example-layout"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – TTML Layout</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+via the content hierarchy.)</p><a id="ttml-example-layout"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – TTML Layout</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<layout xmlns:tts="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#styling">
<region xml:id="subtitleArea"
@@ -497,16 +503,16 @@
/>
</layout>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The content of a TTML document instance is expressed in its
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The content of a <em>Document Instance</em> is expressed in its
body, which is organized in terms of block and inline text elements.
The hierarchical organization of content elements serves a primary role in
determining both spatial and temporal relationships. For example, in
-<a href="#dfxp-example-body"><b>Example Fragment – TTML Body</b></a>, each paragraph (<code>p</code> element)
+<a href="#ttml-example-body"><b>Example Fragment – TTML Body</b></a>, each paragraph (<code>p</code> element)
is flowed into its target region in the specified lexical order; furthermore,
the active time interval of each paragraph is timed in accordance to its
parent or sibling according to the applicable time containment semantics —
-in this case, the division parent is interpreted as a parallel time
-container.</p><a name="dfxp-example-body" id="dfxp-example-body"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – TTML Body</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+in this case, the division parent is interpreted (by default) as a parallel time
+container.</p><a id="ttml-example-body"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – TTML Body</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<body region="subtitleArea">
<div>
@@ -551,14 +557,14 @@
</div>
</body>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The first subtitle <a href="#dfxp-example-subtitle-1"><b>Subtitle 1 – Time Interval [0.76, 3.45)</b></a> is
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The first subtitle <a href="#ttml-example-subtitle-1"><b>Subtitle 1 – Time Interval [0.76, 3.45)</b></a> is
presented during the time interval 0.76 to 3.45 seconds.
This
subtitle inherits its font family, font size,
foreground color, and text alignment from the region into which it is
presented. Since no region is explicitly specified on the paragraph,
the nearest ancestor that specifies a region determines the
-region. Note also that content is presented
+targeted region. Note also that content is presented
at the bottom (after edge) of the containing region due to the <code>tts:displayAlign="after"</code>
being specified on the region definition.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The notation "[<em>X</em>,<em>Y</em>]" denotes a closed
interval from <em>X</em> to <em>Y</em>, including
@@ -572,43 +578,46 @@
"(<em>X</em>,<em>Y</em>)" denotes an open
interval from <em>X</em> to <em>Y</em>, not including
<em>X</em> or <em>Y</em>.
-</p></div><a name="dfxp-example-subtitle-1" id="dfxp-example-subtitle-1"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitle 1 – Time Interval [0.76, 3.45)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle1.png" alt="Subtitle 1"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The second subtitle continues with the default style, except that it contains
-two lines of text with an intervening author-specified line break. Note the effects of
+</p></div><a id="ttml-example-subtitle-1"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitle 1 – Time Interval [0.76, 3.45)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle1.png" alt="Subtitle 1"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The second subtitle continues with the default style, except that it contains
+two lines of text with an intervening author-specified line break. Note the affect of
the use of <code>tts:textAlign="center"</code> to specify the paragraph's alignment
-in the inline progression direction.</p><a name="dfxp-example-subtitle-2" id="dfxp-example-subtitle-2"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitle 2 – Time Interval [5.0, 10.0)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle2.png" alt="Subtitle 2"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The third subtitle continues, using a variant style which overrides the default style's
-foreground color with a different color.</p><a name="dfxp-example-subtitle-3" id="dfxp-example-subtitle-3"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitle 3 – Time Interval [10.0, 16.0)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle3.png" alt="Subtitle 3"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The fourth subtitle reverts to the default style.</p><a name="dfxp-example-subtitle-4" id="dfxp-example-subtitle-4"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitle 4 – Time Interval [17.2, 23.0)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle4.png" alt="Subtitle 4"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The fifth subtitle continues, again using a variant style which
-overrides the default style's foreground color with a different color.</p><a name="dfxp-example-subtitle-5" id="dfxp-example-subtitle-5"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitle 5 – Time Interval [23.0, 27.0)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle5.png" alt="Subtitle 5"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>During the next active time interval, two distinct subtitles are simultaneously active, with
-the paragraph expressing each subtitle using a different style that overrides color and paragraph
+in the inline progression direction.</p><a id="ttml-example-subtitle-2"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitle 2 – Time Interval [5.0, 10.0)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle2.png" alt="Subtitle 2"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The third subtitle continues, using a variant style which overrides the default style's
+foreground color with a different color.</p><a id="ttml-example-subtitle-3"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitle 3 – Time Interval [10.0, 16.0)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle3.png" alt="Subtitle 3"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The fourth subtitle reverts to the default style.</p><a id="ttml-example-subtitle-4"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitle 4 – Time Interval [17.2, 23.0)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle4.png" alt="Subtitle 4"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The fifth subtitle continues, again using a variant style which
+overrides the default style's foreground color with a different color.</p><a id="ttml-example-subtitle-5"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitle 5 – Time Interval [23.0, 27.0)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle5.png" alt="Subtitle 5"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>During the next active time interval, two distinct subtitles are simultaneously active, with
+the paragraphs expressing each subtitle using different styles that override color and paragraph
text alignment of the default style. Note that the flow order is determined by the lexical
-order of elements as they appear in the content hierarchy.</p><a name="dfxp-example-subtitle-6" id="dfxp-example-subtitle-6"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitles 6a and 6b – Time Interval [28.0, 34.6)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle6.png" alt="Subtitles 6a and 6b"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The next subtitle is specified in a similar manner using
-a style override to give a paragraph right (end) justified in the
-inline progression direction.</p><a name="dfxp-example-subtitle-7" id="dfxp-example-subtitle-7"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitle 7 – Time Interval [34.6, 45.0)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle7.png" alt="Subtitles 7a and 7b"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The eighth subtitle uses the same style override as the previous
+order of elements as they appear in the content hierarchy.</p><a id="ttml-example-subtitle-6"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitles 6a and 6b – Time Interval [28.0, 34.6)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle6.png" alt="Subtitles 6a and 6b"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The next subtitle is specified in a similar manner using
+a style override to give the paragraph right (end) justification in the
+inline progression direction.</p><a id="ttml-example-subtitle-7"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitle 7 – Time Interval [34.6, 45.0)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle7.png" alt="Subtitles 7a and 7b"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The eighth subtitle uses the same style override as the previous
subtitle in order to maintain the right (end) justification of the
-paragraph.</p><a name="dfxp-example-subtitle-8" id="dfxp-example-subtitle-8"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitle 8 – Time Interval [47.3, 49.0)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle8.png" alt="Subtitle 8"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>During the final (ninth) active time interval, two distinct
+paragraph.</p><a id="ttml-example-subtitle-8"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitle 8 – Time Interval [47.3, 49.0)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle8.png" alt="Subtitle 8"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>During the final (ninth) active time interval, two distinct
subtitles are again simultaneously active, but with a different
style applied to the second paragraph to override the default color.
Note that the flow order is determined by the lexical order of
-elements as they appear in the content hierarchy.</p><a name="dfxp-example-subtitle-9" id="dfxp-example-subtitle-9"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitles 9a and 9b – Time Interval [53.5, 58.7)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle9.png" alt="Subtitles 9a and 9b"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The examples shown above demonstrate the primary types of information that may
+elements as they appear in the content hierarchy.</p><a id="ttml-example-subtitle-9"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Subtitles 9a and 9b – Time Interval [53.5, 58.7)</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/subtitle9.png" alt="Subtitles 9a and 9b"></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The examples shown above demonstrate the primary types of information that may
be authored using TTML: metadata, styling, layout, timing, and content. In typical cases,
-styling and layout information are separately specified in a document instance. Content information
+styling and layout information are separately specified in a <em>Document Instance</em>. Content information
is expressed in a hierarchical fashion that embodies the organization of both spatial (flow) and
timing information. Content makes direct or indirect references to styling and layout information
and may specify inline overrides to styling.</p></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="definitions" id="definitions"></a>2 Definitions</h2><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="acronyms" id="acronyms"></a>2.1 Acronyms</h3><table class="acronyms" summary="Glossary List"><tr><td class="label"><b>DFXP</b></td><td class="def"><p>Distribution Format Exchange Profile</p></td></tr><tr><td class="label"><b>TT</b></td><td class="def"><p>Timed Text</p></td></tr><tr><td class="label"><b>TTML</b></td><td class="def"><p>Timed Text Markup Language</p></td></tr><tr><td class="label"><b>TT AS</b></td><td class="def"><p>Timed Text Authoring System</p></td></tr><tr><td class="label"><b>TT AF</b></td><td class="def"><p>Timed Text Authoring Format</p></td></tr><tr><td class="label"><b>TT WG</b></td><td class="def"><p>Timed Text Working Group</p></td></tr></table></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="terms" id="terms"></a>2.2 Terminology</h3><dl><dt class="label">Abstract Document Instance</dt><dd><p>An instance of an abstract data set as represented by a
+<h2><a id="definitions"></a>2 Definitions</h2><div class="div2">
+<h3><a id="acronyms"></a>2.1 Acronyms</h3><table class="acronyms" summary="Glossary List"><tr><td class="label"><b>DFXP</b></td><td class="def"><p>Distribution Format Exchange Profile</p></td></tr><tr><td class="label"><b>TT</b></td><td class="def"><p>Timed Text</p></td></tr><tr><td class="label"><b>TTML</b></td><td class="def"><p>Timed Text Markup Language</p></td></tr><tr><td class="label"><b>TT AS</b></td><td class="def"><p>Timed Text Authoring System</p></td></tr><tr><td class="label"><b>TT AF</b></td><td class="def"><p>Timed Text Authoring Format</p></td></tr><tr><td class="label"><b>TT WG</b></td><td class="def"><p>Timed Text Working Group</p></td></tr></table></div><div class="div2">
+<h3><a id="terms"></a>2.2 Terminology</h3><dl><dt class="label">Abstract Document Instance</dt><dd><p>An instance of an abstract data set as represented by a
<em>Reduced XML Infoset</em>.</p></dd><dt class="label">Abstract Document Type</dt><dd><p>A set of constraints that defines a class of <em>XML Information
-Set</em>s <a href="#infoset">[XML InfoSet]</a>.</p></dd><dt class="label">Attribute Information Item</dt><dd><p>Each specified or defaulted attribute of an XML document corresponds with an attribute information
+Sets</em> <a href="#infoset">[XML InfoSet]</a>.</p></dd><dt class="label">Attribute Information Item</dt><dd><p>Each specified or defaulted attribute of an XML document corresponds with an attribute information
item as defined by <a href="#infoset">[XML InfoSet]</a>, §2.3.</p></dd><dt class="label">Character Information Item</dt><dd><p>Each data character appearing in an XML document corresponds with a character information
item as defined by <a href="#infoset">[XML InfoSet]</a>, §2.6.</p></dd><dt class="label">Content Processor</dt><dd><p>A processing system capable of importing (receiving) Timed Text Markup Language
content for the purpose of transforming, presenting, or otherwise processing the content.</p></dd><dt class="label">Content Profile</dt><dd><p>A collection of features and extensions that are (or may be) employed by
Timed Text Markup Language content.</p></dd><dt class="label">Content Region</dt><dd><p>A logical region into which rendered content is placed when modeling or
-performing presentation processing.</p></dd><dt class="label">Document Interchange Context</dt><dd><p>The implied context or environment external to a <em>Content Processor</em> in
+performing presentation processing.</p></dd><dt class="label">Document Instance</dt><dd><p>A concrete realization of a Timed Text Markup Language document, where the concrete form
+is specific to the context of reference. For example, a sequence of bytes that represents an
+XML serialization of a Timed Text document, an internal, parsed representation of such a
+Timed Text document, etc.</p></dd><dt class="label">Document Interchange Context</dt><dd><p>The implied context or environment external to a <em>Content Processor</em> in
which document interchange occurs, and in which out-of-band protocols or specifications
may define certain behavioral defaults, such as an implied <em>Content Profile</em>.</p></dd><dt class="label">Document Processing Context</dt><dd><p>The implied context or environment internal to a <em>Content Processor</em> in
which document processing occurs, and in which out-of-band protocols or specifications
may define certain behavioral defaults, such as the establishment or creation of a
-<em>Synthetic Syncbase</em>.</p></dd><dt class="label">Element Information Item</dt><dd><p>Each element appearing in an XML document corresponds with an element information
+<em>Synthetic Document Syncbase</em>.</p></dd><dt class="label">Element Information Item</dt><dd><p>Each element appearing in an XML document corresponds with an element information
item as defined by <a href="#infoset">[XML InfoSet]</a>, §2.2.</p></dd><dt class="label">Exchange Profile</dt><dd><p>A content profile that serves a set of needs
for content interchange.</p></dd><dt class="label">Extension</dt><dd><p>A syntactic or semantic expression or capability that is defined and
labeled (using a extension designation) in another (public or private)
@@ -622,16 +631,17 @@
processor.</p></dd><dt class="label">Region</dt><dd><p>A logical construct that models authorial intention regarding
desired or potential presentation processing, and which is represented as
a rectangular area of a presentation surface into which content
-is composed and rendered during presentation processing.</p></dd><dt class="label">Reduced XML Infoset</dt><dd><p>An XML Information Set <a href="#infoset">[XML InfoSet]</a> that satisfieds the
+is composed and rendered during presentation processing.</p></dd><dt class="label">Reduced XML Infoset</dt><dd><p>An XML Information Set <a href="#infoset">[XML InfoSet]</a> that satisfies the
constraints specify by <a href="#reduced-infoset"><b>A Reduced XML Infoset</b></a>.</p></dd><dt class="label">Related Media Object</dt><dd><p>A (possibly null) media object associated with or otherwise related
-to a TTML document instance. For example, an aggregate audio/video media
-object for which a TTML document instance provides caption or subtitle
-information, and with which that TTML document instance is associated.</p></dd><dt class="label">Root Container Region</dt><dd><p>A logical region that establishes a coordinate system into which
-TTML document instance content regions are placed and optionally clipped.</p></dd><dt class="label">Root Temporal Extent</dt><dd><p>
-The temporal extent (interval) defined by the temporal beginning and ending of a TTML document instance in relationship with some external application or presentation context.
-</p></dd><dt class="label">SMPTE Time Code</dt><dd><p>A time code whose format and semantics is established by <a href="#smpte12m">[SMPTE 12M]</a>
+to a <em>Document Instance</em>. For example, an aggregate audio/video media
+object for which a <em>Document Instance</em> provides caption or subtitle
+information, and with which that <em>Document Instance</em> is associated.</p></dd><dt class="label">Root Container Region</dt><dd><p>A logical region that establishes a coordinate system into which
+<em>Document Instance</em> content regions are placed and optionally clipped.</p></dd><dt class="label">Root Temporal Extent</dt><dd><p>
+The temporal extent (interval) defined by the temporal beginning and ending of a <em>Document Instance</em> in relationship with some external application or presentation context.
+</p></dd><dt class="label">SMPTE Time Code</dt><dd><p>A time code whose format and semantics are established by <a href="#smpte12m">[SMPTE 12M]</a>,
which may be embedded into or otherwise associated with media content, such
-as a broadcast audio/video stream.</p></dd><dt class="label">Synthetic Document Syncbase</dt><dd><p>A document level syncbase synthesized or otherwise established by
+as a broadcast audio/video stream.</p></dd><dt class="label">Synthetic Document Syncbase</dt><dd><p>A document level <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-SMIL2-20051213/smil-timing.html#Timing-Syncbases">syncbase</a>
+<a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a>, § 10.7.1, synthesized or otherwise established by
the <em>Document Processing Context</em> in accordance with the
<em>Related Media Object</em> or other processing criteria.</p></dd><dt class="label">Synthetic SMPTE Document Syncbase</dt><dd><p>A <em>Synthetic Document Syncbase</em> constructed from <em>SMPTE Time
Code</em> values embedded in or associated with the <em>Related Media Object</em> or
@@ -644,16 +654,26 @@
or rewrites TTML features so as to conform to a profile of TTML. An example of the latter is
a processor that translates TTML into a completely different timed text format. Because this
specification does not otherwise define a target profile or format for transformation processing,
-no further transformation semantics are defined by this specification.</p></dd></dl></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="conventions" id="conventions"></a>2.3 Documentation Conventions</h3><p>Within normative prose in this specification, the words
+no further transformation semantics are defined by this specification.</p></dd><dt class="label">Valid Abstract Document Instance</dt><dd><p>An <em>Abstract Document Instance</em> which has been assessed for validity
+and found to be valid as defined by <a href="#doctypes"><b>4 Document Types</b></a>.</p></dd></dl></div><div class="div2">
+<h3><a id="conventions"></a>2.3 Documentation Conventions</h3><p>Within normative prose in this specification, the words
<em>may</em>, <em>should</em>, and <em>must</em> are
defined as follows:</p><dl class="conformance-keywords"><dt class="label">may</dt><dd><p>Conforming documents and/or TTML processors are permitted to,
but need not behave as described. </p></dd><dt class="label">should</dt><dd><p>Conforming documents and/or TTML processors are strongly
recommended to, but need not behave as described.</p></dd><dt class="label">must</dt><dd><p>Conforming documents and/or TTML processors are required
-to behave as described; otherwise, they are in error. </p></dd></dl><p>All normative syntactic definitions of XML representations and
-other related terms are depicted with a light orange background color
+to behave as described; otherwise, they are in error. </p></dd></dl><p>If normative specification language takes an imperative form,
+then it is to be treated as if the term <span class="strong">must</span>
+applies. Furthermore, if normative language takes a declarative form,
+and this language is governed by <span class="strong">must</span>,
+then it is also to be treated as if the term <span class="strong">must</span>
+applies.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>For example, the phrases "treat X as an error" and "consider X
+as an error" are to be read as mandatory requirements in the context of use. Similarly, if the specification
+prose is "X must apply", "X applies", or "X is mandatory", and "X" is further defined as "X is Y and Z",
+then, by transitive closure, this last declarative phrase is to be read as "Y is mandatory" and
+"Z is mandatory" in the context of use.</p></div><p>All normative syntactic definitions of XML representations and
+other related terms are depicted with a light yellow-orange background color
and labeled as "XML Representation" or "Syntax Representation", such
-as in the following:</p><a name="elt-syntax-example" id="elt-syntax-example"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: example</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+as in the following:</p><a id="elt-syntax-example"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: example</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<example
<span class="reqattr">count</span> = integer
@@ -676,7 +696,7 @@
header contains the expression "Non-Normative", then the entirety
of the section or appendix is considered non-normative.</p><p>All paragraphs marked as a <span class="strong">Note</span> are considered non-normative.</p><p>Example code fragments are depicted with a light blue-green
background color and labeled as "Example Fragment", such as in
-the following:</p><a name="example-fragment-1" id="example-fragment-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Sample</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+the following:</p><a id="example-fragment-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Sample</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<tt xml:lang="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml">
<head>
@@ -688,45 +708,42 @@
</tt>
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="conformance" id="conformance"></a>3 Conformance</h2><p>This section specifies the general conformance requirements for
-TTML content and processors.</p><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="conformance-content" id="conformance-content"></a>3.1 Content Conformance</h3><p>A TTML document instance conforms to this specification if the following criteria are
-satisfied:</p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>When transporting a document instance in a context in which a
-Media Type <a href="#media-types">[Media Types]</a> identifies the content type of the interchanged document
-instance, then the specified media type is
+<h2><a id="conformance"></a>3 Conformance</h2><p>This section specifies the general conformance requirements for
+TTML Content and processors.</p><div class="div2">
+<h3><a id="conformance-content"></a>3.1 Content Conformance</h3><p>A TTML <em>Document Instance</em> conforms to this specification if the following criteria are
+satisfied:</p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>When transporting a <em>Document Instance</em> in a <em>Document Interchange Context</em> in which a
+Media Type <a href="#media-types">[Media Types]</a> identifies the content type of the interchanged <em>Document Instance</em>, then the specified media type is
<code>application/ttml+xml</code> in conformance with <a href="#rfc3023">[XML Media Types]</a> § 7, with which an optional
<code>profile</code> parameter may appear, the value of which
conforms to
a profile designator as
defined by
-<a href="#vocabulary-profiles"><b>5.2 Profiles</b></a>.</p></li><li><p>The document instance is or can be represented as a Reduced XML
+<a href="#vocabulary-profiles"><b>5.2 Profiles</b></a>.</p></li><li><p>The <em>Document Instance</em> is or can be represented as a Reduced XML
Infoset as defined by <a href="#reduced-infoset"><b>A Reduced XML Infoset</b></a>.</p></li><li><p>The Reduced XML
-Infoset that corresponds to the document instance is or can
-be associated with one of the TTML Abstract
-Document Types defined by
-<a href="#doctypes"><b>4 Document Types</b></a>.</p></li><li><p>The Reduced XML Infoset that corresponds to the document instance is a
-Valid Abstract Document Instance of the associated
-Abstract Document Type.</p></li><li><p>The Reduced XML Infoset satisfies all additional mandatory syntactic and
+Infoset that corresponds to the <em>Document Instance</em> is or can
+be associated with one of the <em>Abstract Document Types</em> defined by
+<a href="#doctypes"><b>4 Document Types</b></a>.</p></li><li><p>The <em>Reduced XML Infoset</em> that corresponds to the <em>Document Instance</em> is a
+<em>Valid Abstract Document Instance</em> of the associated
+<em>Abstract Document Type</em>.</p></li><li><p>The <em>Reduced XML Infoset</em> satisfies all additional mandatory syntactic and
semantic constraints defined by this specification. In addition, this Infoset
should satisfy the web content accessibility guidelines specified by
<a href="#wcag">[WCAG]</a>.</p></li></ol></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="conformance-processor" id="conformance-processor"></a>3.2 Processor Conformance</h3><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="conformance-generic-processor" id="conformance-generic-processor"></a>3.2.1 Generic Processor Conformance</h4><p>A TTML processor conforms to this specification if the following
+<h3><a id="conformance-processor"></a>3.2 Processor Conformance</h3><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="conformance-generic-processor"></a>3.2.1 Generic Processor Conformance</h4><p>A TTML <em>Content Processor</em> conforms to this specification if the following
generic processor criteria are
satisfied:</p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>The processor provides at least one mechanism for notionally
instantiating a Reduced XML
-Infoset representation of a conformant TTML document
-instance.</p></li><li><p>If a process does or can perform validation of a candidate TTML
-document instance, then it provides at least one mechanism to
+Infoset representation of a conformant <em>Document Instance</em>.</p></li><li><p>If a process does or can perform validation of a candidate
+<em>Document Instance</em>, then it provides at least one mechanism to
implicitly or explicitly associate the
-Reduced XML Infoset representation
-of a conformant TTML document instance with one of the
-TTML Abstract Document Types defined by
+<em>Reduced XML Infoset</em> representation
+of a conformant <em>Document Instance</em> with one of the
+<em>Abstract Document Types</em> defined by
<a href="#doctypes"><b>4 Document Types</b></a>.</p></li><li><p>The processor does not <em>a priori</em> reject or abort the
-processing of a conformant TTML document instance
+processing of a conformant <em>Document Instance</em>
unless the processor does not support some required
-(mandatory) feature specified or implied by a TTML content profile
-declared to apply to the document instance.</p></li><li><p>The processor supports all mandatory processing semantics defined by this specification.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The phrase <em>mandatory semantics</em> refers to all explicit use of the conformance
+(mandatory) feature specified or implied by a TTML Content profile
+declared to apply to the <em>Document Instance</em>.</p></li><li><p>The processor supports all mandatory processing semantics defined by this specification.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The phrase <em>mandatory semantics</em> refers to all explicit use of the conformance
key phrases <span class="strong">must</span> and <span class="strong">must not</span> as well as any
declarative statement that can be reasonably inferred from such key phrases. For example, these
mandatory semantics include support for all features marked as mandatory in <a href="#feature-support"><b>D.2 Feature Support</b></a>.</p></div></li><li><p>If the processor supports some optional processing semantics defined by this specification,
@@ -735,22 +752,23 @@
<span class="strong">may</span>, and <span class="strong">may not</span>,
as well as any declarative statement that can be reasonably inferred from such key phrases. For example, these
optional semantics include support for all features marked as optional in <a href="#feature-support"><b>D.2 Feature Support</b></a>.</p></div></li></ol></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="conformance-transformation-processor" id="conformance-transformation-processor"></a>3.2.2 Transformation Processor Conformance</h4><p>A TTML processor is a conformant TTML transformation processor if
+<h4><a id="conformance-transformation-processor"></a>3.2.2 Transformation Processor Conformance</h4><p>A TTML <em>Content Processor</em> is a conformant TTML <em>Transformation Processor</em> if
the following criteria are satisfied:</p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>The processor satisfies all requirements specified by
<a href="#conformance-generic-processor"><b>3.2.1 Generic Processor Conformance</b></a>.</p></li><li><p>The processor supports the DFXP Transformation profile as specified
by <a href="#profile-dfxp-transformation"><b>F.1 DFXP Transformation Profile</b></a>.</p></li></ol></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="conformance-presentation-processor" id="conformance-presentation-processor"></a>3.2.3 Presentation Processor Conformance</h4><ol class="enumar"><li><p>The processor satisfies all requirements specified by
+<h4><a id="conformance-presentation-processor"></a>3.2.3 Presentation Processor Conformance</h4><p>A TTML <em>Content Processor</em> is a conformant TTML <em>Presentation Processor</em> if
+the following criteria are satisfied:</p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>The processor satisfies all requirements specified by
<a href="#conformance-generic-processor"><b>3.2.1 Generic Processor Conformance</b></a>.</p></li><li><p>The processor supports the DFXP Presentation profile as specified
by <a href="#profile-dfxp-presentation"><b>F.2 DFXP Presentation Profile</b></a>.</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="claims" id="claims"></a>3.3 Claims</h3><p>Any claim of compliance with respect to TTML content or processor
-conformance must make
+<h3><a id="claims"></a>3.3 Claims</h3><p>Any claim of compliance with respect to the conformance of a TTML <em>Document Instance</em> or
+<em>Content Processor</em> must make
reference to an implementation compliance statement (ICS).</p><p>An implementation compliance statement must identify all mandatory
and optional features of this specification that are satisfied by the
-content or processor implementation. In particular, the statement must
+document instance or the content processor implementation. In particular, the statement must
identify the utilized or supported TTML vocabulary profile(s) as
defined by <a href="#vocabulary-profiles"><b>5.2 Profiles</b></a>, and, if a subset or
superset profile is used or supported, then what features are excluded
-or included in the subset or superset profile.</p><p>A TTML document instance for which a compliance claim is made
+or included in the subset or superset profile.</p><p>A <em>Document Instance</em> for which a compliance claim is made
must specify
either (1)
a <code>ttp:profile</code> attribute on its root
@@ -761,61 +779,59 @@
a <code>ttp:profile</code> element as a child of the
<code>head</code> element as defined by
<a href="#parameter-vocabulary-profile"><b>6.1.1 ttp:profile</b></a>.</p></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="doctypes" id="doctypes"></a>4 Document Types</h2><p>This section defines the following TTML Abstract Document Types:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#dfxp-content-doctype"><b>4.1 DFXP Content</b></a></p></li></ul><p>Each abstract document type consists of the following constraints:</p><ul><li><p>a non-empty collection of element types, where each element type consists of a name,
-a (possibly empty) collection of attributes, and a content specification</p></li><li><p>a non-empty collection of element types that may appear as the document element</p></li></ul><p>An Abstract Document Instance may be assessed in terms of validity,
-and is considered to be a Valid Abstract Document Instance if it
+<h2><a id="doctypes"></a>4 Document Types</h2><p>This section defines the following TTML <em>Abstract Document Types</em>:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#ttml-content-doctype"><b>4.1 TTML Content</b></a></p></li></ul><p>Each <em>Abstract Document Type</em> consists of the following constraints:</p><ul><li><p>a non-empty collection of element types, where each element type consists of a name,
+a (possibly empty) collection of attributes, and a content specification</p></li><li><p>a non-empty collection of element types that may appear as the document element</p></li></ul><p>An <em>Abstract Document Instance</em> may be assessed in terms of validity,
+and is considered to be a <em>Valid Abstract Document Instance</em> if it
satisfies the following condition: if after</p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>pruning all element information
items whose names are not members of the collection of element types defined
-by the associated abstract document type, then</p></li><li><p>pruning character
+by the associated <em>Abstract Document Type</em>, then</p></li><li><p>pruning character
information item children from any remaining element in case that all
character children of the element denote XML whitespace characters and the element's type
-is defined as empty in the associated Abstract Document Type, and then</p></li><li><p>pruning all attribute
+is defined as empty in the associated <em>Abstract Document Type</em>, and then</p></li><li><p>pruning all attribute
information items having expanded names such that the namespace URI of the
expanded names are not listed in <a href="#namespace-vocab-table"><b>Table 1 – Namespaces</b></a>,</p></li></ol><p>then the document element is one of the document
-element types permitted by the associated abstract document type,
+element types permitted by the associated <em>Abstract Document Type</em>,
the descendants of the document
element satisfy their respective element type's content
specifications, all required attributes are present, and the declared
value of each attribute satisfies the type declared by the
-associated abstract document type.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>While a conformant processor may not <em>a priori</em> reject a
-conformant document instance that adheres to a
-supported content profile, a given document instance may be
+associated <em>Abstract Document Type</em>.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>While a conformant processor may not <em>a priori</em> reject a
+conformant <em>Document Instance</em> that adheres to a
+supported content profile, a given <em>Document Instance</em> may be
constrained by the author or authoring tool to satisfy a more
restrictive definition of validity.</p></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="dfxp-content-doctype" id="dfxp-content-doctype"></a>4.1 DFXP Content</h3><p>DFXP Content is an abstract document type of a profile of the Timed Text Markup Language intended
+<h3><a id="ttml-content-doctype"></a>4.1 TTML Content</h3><p>TTML Content is an <em>Abstract Document Type</em> of a profile of the Timed Text Markup Language intended
to be used for interchange among distribution systems. This document type
is defined in terms of the
element and attribute vocabulary
-specified in <a href="#vocabulary"><b>5 Vocabulary</b></a>.</p><p>This specification defines two types of schemas that may be used to validate a subset of
-conformant DFXP Content document instances:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#dfxp-schema-rnc"><b>B.1 Relax NG Schema</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#dfxp-schema-xsd"><b>B.2 XML Schema Definition (XSD) Schema</b></a></p></li></ul><p>The (root) document element of a DFXP Content document instance must be a
-<code>tt</code> element, as defined by <a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-tt"><b>7.1.1 tt</b></a>.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The schemas included in this specification do not validate all syntactic constraints
-defined by this specification. In particular, performing validation with one of the above
+specified in <a href="#vocabulary"><b>5 Vocabulary</b></a>.</p><p>This specification references two types of schemas that may be used to validate a superset/subset
+of conformant TTML Content <em>Document Instances</em>:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#ttml-schema-rnc"><b>B.1 Relax NG Compact (RNC) Schema</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ttml-schema-xsd"><b>B.2 XML Schema Definition (XSD) Schema</b></a></p></li></ul><p>The (root) document element of a TTML Content <em>Document Instance</em> must be a
+<code>tt</code> element, as defined by <a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-tt"><b>7.1.1 tt</b></a>.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The schemas referenced by this specification do not validate all syntactic constraints
+defined by this specification, and, as such, represent a superset of conformant
+TTML Content. In particular, performing validation with one of the above
referenced schemas may result in a <em>false positive</em> indication of validity.
-However, with one exception, their
-use will not produce a <em>false negative</em> indication of validity
-when used with a compliant validating
-processor.</p><p>In exception to the above statement about false negatives,
-if the Relax NG schema included in this specification is used to validate a
-TTML Document containing elements in a foreign namespace and the <code>xml:id</code>
-attribute is used with any of those (foreign) elements,
-then an error will be reported even though such usage is permitted by this
-specification. In this case, the false negative arises due
-to a specific limitation in expressing wildcard patterns involving <code>xsd:ID</code>
-typed attributes in Relax NG schemas.
-Note that this specification defines the formal validity of a TTML Document to be
-based on an abstract document instance from which all foreign namespace elements and
-attributes have been removed. Therefore, the exceptional reporting of this false
-negative does not impact the formal assessment of TTML Document validity.</p></div></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="vocabulary" id="vocabulary"></a>5 Vocabulary</h2><p>This section defines the
-namespaces, profiles, and vocabulary (as an element an attribute
+For example, both the RNC and XSD schemas specify
+that a <code>tts:fontFamily</code> attribute must
+satisfy the <code>xs:string</code> XSD data type; however, this data type is a superset
+of the values permitted to be used with the <code>tts:fontFamily</code> attribute.</p><p>In addition, the RNC schema may produce a <em>false negative</em>
+indication of validity when using the <code>xml:id</code> attribute with an element in
+a foreign namespace, thus representing a subset of conformant TTML Content. This is
+due to a specific limitation in expressing wildcard patterns involving <code>xsd:ID</code>
+typed attributes in Relax NG schemas. Note that this specification defines the
+formal validity of a <em>Document Instance</em> to be based on an <em>Abstract Document Instance</em> from
+which all foreign namespace elements and attributes have been removed. Therefore, the
+exceptional reporting of this false negative does not impact the formal assessment
+of <em>Document Instance</em> validity.</p></div></div></div><div class="div1">
+<h2><a id="vocabulary"></a>5 Vocabulary</h2><p>This section defines the
+namespaces, profiles, and vocabulary (as an element and attribute
catalog) of the Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) as follows:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#vocabulary-namespaces"><b>5.1 Namespaces</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#vocabulary-profiles"><b>5.2 Profiles</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#vocabulary-overview"><b>5.3 Catalog</b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="vocabulary-namespaces" id="vocabulary-namespaces"></a>5.1 Namespaces</h3><p>The Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) employs a number of
-namespaces for elements and certain
+<h3><a id="vocabulary-namespaces"></a>5.1 Namespaces</h3><p>The Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) employs a number of
+XML Namespaces <a href="#xmlns10">[XML Namespaces 1.0]</a> for elements and certain
global attributes. The following table specifies this set of namespaces
and indicates the default prefix used within this specification and the
-normative URI that denotes each namespace.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In a specific document instance, it is not required that the default
+normative URI that denotes each namespace.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In a specific <em>Document Instance</em>, it is not required that the default
prefixes shown below are used. Any prefix or namespace binding that satisfies the constraints
-of XML Namespaces may be used that is associated with the specified namespace URI.</p></div><a name="namespace-vocab-table" id="namespace-vocab-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table 1 – Namespaces</caption><col width="30%" span="1"><col span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><th>Name</th><th>Prefix</th><th>Value</th></tr><tr><td>TT</td><td><code>tt:</code></td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml</code></td></tr><tr><td>TT Parameter</td><td><code>ttp:</code></td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#parameter</code></td></tr><tr><td>TT Style</td><td><code>tts:</code></td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#styling</code></td></tr><tr><td>TT Metadata</td><td><code>ttm:</code></td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#metadata</code></td></tr><tr><td>TT Profile</td><td><em>none</em></td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/profile/</code></td></tr><tr><td>TT Feature</td><td><em>none</em></td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/feature/</code></td></tr><tr><td>TT Extension</td><td><em>none</em></td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/extension/</code></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>If a reference to an element type is used in this specification and the name
+of XML Namespaces <a href="#xmlns10">[XML Namespaces 1.0]</a> may be used that is associated with the specified namespace URI.</p></div><a id="namespace-vocab-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table 1 – Namespaces</caption><col width="30%" span="1"><col span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><th>Name</th><th>Prefix</th><th>Value</th></tr><tr><td>TT</td><td><code>tt:</code></td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml</code></td></tr><tr><td>TT Parameter</td><td><code>ttp:</code></td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#parameter</code></td></tr><tr><td>TT Style</td><td><code>tts:</code></td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#styling</code></td></tr><tr><td>TT Metadata</td><td><code>ttm:</code></td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#metadata</code></td></tr><tr><td>TT Profile</td><td><em>none</em></td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/profile/</code></td></tr><tr><td>TT Feature</td><td><em>none</em></td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/feature/</code></td></tr><tr><td>TT Extension</td><td><em>none</em></td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/extension/</code></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>If a reference to an element type is used in this specification and the name
of the element type is not namespace qualified, then the TT Namespace applies.</p><p>For certain namespaces defined above, the default prefix
is specified as <em>none</em> if no XML vocabulary is defined in
the namespace by this specification (nor expected to be defined in a
@@ -825,7 +841,7 @@
dereferencing standard profile definitions.</p></div><p>All TTML Namespaces are <a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/tag/doc/namespaceState#namespacedef"><em>mutable</em></a>
<a href="#nsstate">[NSState]</a>; all undefined names in these namespaces are reserved for future
standardization by the W3C.</p></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="vocabulary-profiles" id="vocabulary-profiles"></a>5.2 Profiles</h3><p>The Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) employs a number of
+<h3><a id="vocabulary-profiles"></a>5.2 Profiles</h3><p>The Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) employs a number of
standard, predefined profiles of its
vocabulary and associated semantics.
The following table specifies this set of
@@ -834,7 +850,7 @@
and designator for each
predefined profile,
and where each of these profiles is formally elaborated in
-<a href="#profiles"><b>F Profiles</b></a>.</p><a name="profile-vocab-table" id="profile-vocab-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table 2 – Profiles</caption><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><th>Name</th><th>Designator</th></tr><tr><td>DFXP Transformation</td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/profile/dfxp-transformation</code></td></tr><tr><td>DFXP Presentation</td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/profile/dfxp-presentation</code></td></tr><tr><td>DFXP Full</td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/profile/dfxp-full</code></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p>A profile designator must adhere to the
+<a href="#profiles"><b>F Profiles</b></a>.</p><a id="profile-vocab-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table 2 – Profiles</caption><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><th>Name</th><th>Designator</th></tr><tr><td>DFXP Transformation</td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/profile/dfxp-transformation</code></td></tr><tr><td>DFXP Presentation</td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/profile/dfxp-presentation</code></td></tr><tr><td>DFXP Full</td><td><code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/profile/dfxp-full</code></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p>A profile designator must adhere to the
<code>xsd:anyURI</code> data type defined by <a href="#xsd-2">[XML Schema Part 2]</a>,
§3.2.17. If the profile designator is expressed as a relative URI,
then it must be absolutized by using the TT Profile Namespace value as
@@ -843,9 +859,8 @@
would be
<code>http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/profile/dfxp-presentation</code>.</p></div><p>A profile designator is not restricted to the set of designators enumerated
in <a href="#profile-vocab-table"><b>Table 2 – Profiles</b></a>, but may be any URI that
-feasibly dereferences a TTML Profile Definition Document.</p><p>The profile of TTML that must be supported by a
-TTML content processor in order to process a document
-instance is specified either (1) by specifying a
+feasibly dereferences a TTML <em>Profile Definition Document</em>.</p><p>The profile of TTML that must be supported by a
+TTML <em>Content Processor</em> in order to process a <em>Document Instance</em> is determined either (1) by specifying a
<code>ttp:profile</code> attribute on the root <code>tt</code> element, as
defined by <a href="#parameter-attribute-profile"><b>6.2.8 ttp:profile</b></a>, or (2) by
including one or more <code>ttp:profile</code>
@@ -854,10 +869,10 @@
descendant of the <code>tt</code> element, then the <a href="#parameter-attribute-profile"><code>ttp:profile</code></a>
attribute should not be specified on the <code>tt</code> element. If both
a <code>ttp:profile</code> element and a <code>ttp:profile</code>
-attribute are present (in a given document instance), then the
+attribute are present (in a given <em>Document Instance</em>), then the
<code>ttp:profile</code> attribute must be ignored for the purpose of
determining the declared profile requirements.</p><p>If more than one <code>ttp:profile</code> element appears in
-a TTML document instance, then all specified profiles apply
+a <em>Document Instance</em>, then all specified profiles apply
simultaneously. In such a case, if some feature or some extension is
specified by one profile to be used (mandatory and enabled) and by
another profile to be required (mandatory) or optional (voluntary),
@@ -869,25 +884,25 @@
<a href="#parameter-attribute-profile"><code>ttp:profile</code></a>
attribute nor
<a href="#parameter-vocabulary-profile"><code>ttp:profile</code></a>
-element is present in a TTML document instance, and if the Document
-Interchange Context does not make an implicit or explicit
-reference to a pre-defined Content Profile or does not specify a Profile Definition
-Document or another equivalent set of feature designations,
-then the DFXP Transformation profile applies.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>It is not a requirement on a conformant document instance that a <em>Content Profile</em> be internally
+element is present in a <em>Document Instance</em>, and if the <em>Document
+Interchange Context</em> does not make an implicit or explicit
+reference to a pre-defined Content Profile or does not specify a <em>Profile Definition
+Document</em> or another equivalent set of feature designations,
+then the DFXP Transformation profile applies.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>It is not a requirement on a conformant <em>Document Instance</em> that a <em>Content Profile</em> be internally
defined by use of a <code>ttp:profile</code> element or internally referenced by a
<code>ttp:profile</code> attribute. More specifically, it is permitted that the <em>Document
Interchange Context</em> determines the applicable <em>Content Profile</em> through private
agreement, out-of-band protocol, or common use (between sender and receiver) of a profile defined
by an external specification.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>It is intended that the <code>ttp:profile</code> attribute be used when
the author wishes to reference one of the standard, predefined profiles of
-TTML content, and does not wish to modify (by supersetting or subsetting)
+TTML Content, and does not wish to modify (by supersetting or subsetting)
that profile. This attribute may also be used by an author to indicate the use
of a non-standard profile, in which case the specified profile designator expresses
-a URI that denotes an externally defined TTML Profile Definition Document.
-However, it is not required that a conformant TTML content processor be able
+a URI that denotes an externally defined <em>Profile Definition Document</em>.
+However, it is not required that a conformant TTML Content processor be able
to dereference such an externally specified profile definition.</p><p>In contrast, it is intended that the <code>ttp:profile</code> element be
used when the author wishes to make use of a modified predefined profile or
-wishes to include in the document instance a non-standard profile definition
+wishes to include in the <em>Document Instance</em> a non-standard profile definition
not based upon one of the predefined profiles.</p><p>A predefined profile is supersetted by specifying some feature or extension to
be required (mandatory) that was either not specified in the underlying, baseline
profile or was specified as optional (voluntary) in the baseline profile.
@@ -897,13 +912,13 @@
is referred to as a <em>subtractive</em> profile; when modified by supersetting, the result
is referred to as an <em>additive</em> profile.
It is also possible to define a derived profile that is simultaneously subtractive
-and additive.</p></div><p>If a TTML document instance makes use of a feature defined by
+and additive.</p></div><p>If a <em>Document Instance</em> makes use of a feature defined by
<a href="#feature-designations"><b>D.1 Feature Designations</b></a> and if the intended use of the
document requires the recognition and processing of that feature, then
the document must include a <em>required feature</em> or
a <em>used feature</em>
specification in one of its declared or
-referenced profiles. If a TTML document instance makes use
+referenced profiles. If a <em>Document Instance</em> makes use
of an extension designatable by <a href="#extension-designations"><b>E.1 Extension Designations</b></a> and if the intended use of the document
requires the recognition and processing of that extension, then the
document must include a <em>required extension</em> or
@@ -922,7 +937,7 @@
respectively.</p></div><p>An example of an author defined
additive, derived profile of the DFXP Presentation
profile is shown
-below in <a href="#dfxp-example-sub-profile"><b>Example Fragment – DFXP Additive Profile</b></a>.</p><a name="dfxp-example-sub-profile" id="dfxp-example-sub-profile"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – DFXP Additive Profile</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+below in <a href="#ttml-example-sub-profile"><b>Example Fragment – DFXP Additive Profile</b></a>.</p><a id="ttml-example-sub-profile"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – DFXP Additive Profile</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<tt xml:lang="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml">
<head>
@@ -941,17 +956,16 @@
optional as it is defined
in <a href="#profile-dfxp-presentation"><b>F.2 DFXP Presentation Profile</b></a>). Note also the resetting of the
default XMLNS binding on the <code>profile</code> element to the TT Parameter Namespace.</p></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="vocabulary-overview" id="vocabulary-overview"></a>5.3 Catalog</h3><p>The vocabulary of the Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) is
+<h3><a id="vocabulary-overview"></a>5.3 Catalog</h3><p>The vocabulary of the Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) is
defined in the following major catalogs (divisions of vocabulary):</p><ul><li><p><a href="#core-vocabulary-overview"><b>5.3.1 Core Catalog</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#extension-vocabulary-overview"><b>5.3.2 Extension Catalog</b></a></p></li></ul><p>The core catalog defines the baseline, core vocabulary of TTML,
-and, in particular, the vocabulary of DFXP Content. The extension catalog
+and, in particular, the vocabulary of TTML Content. The extension catalog
serves as a placeholder for extensions to the core vocabulary defined
by TTML.</p><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="core-vocabulary-overview" id="core-vocabulary-overview"></a>5.3.1 Core Catalog</h4><p>The core vocabulary catalog is intended to satisfy the needs of
+<h4><a id="core-vocabulary-overview"></a>5.3.1 Core Catalog</h4><p>The core vocabulary catalog is intended to satisfy the needs of
TTML while providing a baseline vocabulary for future profiles. This vocabulary
is divided into distinct categories, specified in detail
-in the following sections:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#parameters"><b>6 Parameters</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content"><b>7 Content</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#styling"><b>8 Styling</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#layout"><b>9 Layout</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#timing"><b>10 Timing</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation"><b>11 Animation</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#metadata"><b>12 Metadata</b></a></p></li></ul><p>The core element vocabulary specified for use with a TTML document
-instance is enumerated in
-<a href="#element-vocab-table"><b>Table 3 – Element Vocabulary</b></a>.</p><a name="element-vocab-table" id="element-vocab-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table 3 – Element Vocabulary</caption><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><th>Module</th><th>Elements</th></tr><tr><td>
+in the following sections:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#parameters"><b>6 Parameters</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content"><b>7 Content</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#styling"><b>8 Styling</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#layout"><b>9 Layout</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#timing"><b>10 Timing</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation"><b>11 Animation</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#metadata"><b>12 Metadata</b></a></p></li></ul><p>The core element vocabulary specified for use with a <em>Document Instance</em> is enumerated in
+<a href="#element-vocab-table"><b>Table 3 – Element Vocabulary</b></a>.</p><a id="element-vocab-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table 3 – Element Vocabulary</caption><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><th>Module</th><th>Elements</th></tr><tr><td>
Animation
</td><td>
<a href="#animation-vocabulary-set">set</a>
@@ -1000,7 +1014,7 @@
<a href="#styling-vocabulary-styling">styling</a>,
<a href="#styling-vocabulary-style">style</a>
</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p>Element vocabulary groups that are used in defining content models
-for TTML element types are enumerated in <a href="#element-vocab-group-table"><b>Table 4 – Element Vocabulary Groups</b></a>.</p><a name="element-vocab-group-table" id="element-vocab-group-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table 4 – Element Vocabulary Groups</caption><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><th>Group</th><th>Elements</th></tr><tr><td>
+for TTML element types are enumerated in <a href="#element-vocab-group-table"><b>Table 4 – Element Vocabulary Groups</b></a>.</p><a id="element-vocab-group-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table 4 – Element Vocabulary Groups</caption><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><th>Group</th><th>Elements</th></tr><tr><td>
Animation.class
</td><td>
<a href="#animation-vocabulary-set">set</a>
@@ -1025,7 +1039,7 @@
<a href="#metadata-vocabulary-title">ttm:title</a>
</td></tr><tr><td>Parameters.class</td><td><a href="#parameter-vocabulary-profile">ttp:profile</a></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p>The attribute vocabulary specified for use with the core vocabulary
catalog is enumerated in
-<a href="#attribute-vocab-table"><b>Table 5 – Attribute Vocabulary</b></a>.</p><a name="attribute-vocab-table" id="attribute-vocab-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table 5 – Attribute Vocabulary</caption><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><th>Module</th><th>Attributes</th></tr><tr><td>
+<a href="#attribute-vocab-table"><b>Table 5 – Attribute Vocabulary</b></a>.</p><a id="attribute-vocab-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table 5 – Attribute Vocabulary</caption><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><th>Module</th><th>Attributes</th></tr><tr><td>
Core Attributes
</td><td>
<a href="#content-attribute-id">xml:id</a>,
@@ -1099,31 +1113,31 @@
the so-called <em>lowerCamelCase</em> naming convention. In some cases, this results in the
change of a name when the name was based upon another specification
that used a different naming convention.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="extension-vocabulary-overview" id="extension-vocabulary-overview"></a>5.3.2 Extension Catalog</h4><p>The extension vocabulary catalog is intended for use by future
+<h4><a id="extension-vocabulary-overview"></a>5.3.2 Extension Catalog</h4><p>The extension vocabulary catalog is intended for use by future
profiles of TTML, and is not further defined
-by this version of this specification.</p><p>In addition to standardized extension vocabulary, a conforming TTML
-document instance may contain arbitrary namespace qualified
+by this version of this specification.</p><p>In addition to standardized extension vocabulary, a conforming
+<em>Document Instance</em> may contain arbitrary namespace qualified
elements that reside in any namespace other than those namespaces
-defined for use with this specification. Furthermore, a conforming TTML
-document instance may contain arbitrary namespace qualified
+defined for use with this specification. Furthermore, a conforming
+<em>Document Instance</em> may contain arbitrary namespace qualified
attributes on TTML defined vocabulary where such attributes reside in
any namespace other than those defined for use with this
specification.</p></div></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="parameters" id="parameters"></a>6 Parameters</h2><p>This section specifies the <em>parameters</em> matter of the
+<h2><a id="parameters"></a>6 Parameters</h2><p>This section specifies the <em>parameters</em> matter of the
core vocabulary catalog, where
parameters are to be understood as information that is either (1)
essential or (2) of significant importance for the purpose of
interpreting the semantics of other types of information expressed by
-core vocabulary items or for establishing a processing context by means
-of which TTML content can be related to an external environment.</p><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="parameter-element-vocabulary" id="parameter-element-vocabulary"></a>6.1 Parameter Element Vocabulary</h3><p>The following elements, all defined in the TT Parameter
-Namespace, specify parametric information that applies to a document
-or a content processor:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#parameter-vocabulary-profile"><b>6.1.1 ttp:profile</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-vocabulary-features"><b>6.1.2 ttp:features</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-vocabulary-feature"><b>6.1.3 ttp:feature</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-vocabulary-extensions"><b>6.1.4 ttp:extensions</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-vocabulary-extension"><b>6.1.5 ttp:extension</b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="parameter-vocabulary-profile" id="parameter-vocabulary-profile"></a>6.1.1 ttp:profile</h4><p>The <code>ttp:profile</code> element is used to specify a collection of
+core vocabulary items or for establishing a <em>Document Processing Context</em> by means
+of which TTML Content can be related to an external environment.</p><div class="div2">
+<h3><a id="parameter-element-vocabulary"></a>6.1 Parameter Element Vocabulary</h3><p>The following elements, all defined in the TT Parameter
+Namespace, specify parametric information that applies to a <em>Document Instance</em>
+or <em>Content Processor</em>:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#parameter-vocabulary-profile"><b>6.1.1 ttp:profile</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-vocabulary-features"><b>6.1.2 ttp:features</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-vocabulary-feature"><b>6.1.3 ttp:feature</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-vocabulary-extensions"><b>6.1.4 ttp:extensions</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-vocabulary-extension"><b>6.1.5 ttp:extension</b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="parameter-vocabulary-profile"></a>6.1.1 ttp:profile</h4><p>The <code>ttp:profile</code> element is used to specify a collection of
used (mandatory and enabled), required (mandatory),
and optional (voluntary) features and extensions that must or
-may be supported by a TTML content processor in order to process a TTML
-document that makes use (or may make use) of such features and
+may be supported by a <em>Content Processor</em> in order to process a
+<em>Document Instance</em> that makes (or may make) use of such features and
extensions.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The difference between a <em>feature</em> and an
<em>extension</em> is where it is defined and how it is labeled:
if defined in this specification (or a future revision thereof) and
@@ -1132,21 +1146,20 @@
and labeled there with an extension designation, then it is considered
to be an extension. In general, features are expected to be defined by
the W3C standards process, while extensions are expected to be defined by
-third parties.</p></div><p>This specification defines two distinct uses of the <code>ttp:profile</code> element:</p><ul><li><p>as a child of the <code>head</code> element within a TTML document
-instance;</p></li><li><p>as the root element of a TTML Profile Definition document
-instance;</p></li></ul><p>When a <code>tt:profile</code> element appears within a TTML document
-instance, its purpose is to express authorial intentions about which
+third parties.</p></div><p>This specification defines two distinct uses of the <code>ttp:profile</code> element:</p><ul><li><p>as a child of the <code>head</code> element within a TTML <em>Document Instance</em>;</p></li><li><p>as the root element of a TTML <em>Profile Definition Document</em>
+instance;</p></li></ul><p>When a <code>tt:profile</code> element appears within a TTML <em>Document Instance</em>,
+its purpose is to express authorial intentions about which
features and extensions must or may be supported by a recipient
content processor. In addition, the element indirectly expresses
information about the set of features or extensions that are (or may
-expected to be) used by the document instance.</p><p>When a <code>tt:profile</code> element is used by a TTML
-Profile Definition document instance, it serves to publish a machine
-readable specification of a specific TTML content profile, of which
-this specification defines three such Profile Definition Documents in
+expected to be) used by the <em>Document Instance</em>.</p><p>When a <code>tt:profile</code> element is used by a TTML <em>Profile Definition Document</em> instance,
+it serves to publish a machine
+readable specification of a specific TTML Content profile, of which
+this specification defines three such <em>Profile Definition Documents</em> in
<a href="#profiles"><b>F Profiles</b></a>.</p><p>The <code>ttp:profile</code> element accepts as its children zero or more
elements in the <code>Metadata.class</code> element group, followed by
zero or more <code>ttp:features</code> elements, followed by
-zero or more <code>ttp:extensions</code> elements.</p><a name="elt-syntax-parameter-profile" id="elt-syntax-parameter-profile"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttp:profile</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+zero or more <code>ttp:extensions</code> elements.</p><a id="elt-syntax-parameter-profile"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttp:profile</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<ttp:profile
use = string
@@ -1160,9 +1173,9 @@
§3.2.17, and, furthermore, must denote a profile designator in
accordance with <a href="#vocabulary-profiles"><b>5.2 Profiles</b></a>. In this case,
the profile designator must refer to (1) a standard, predefined
-TTML Profile Definition Document as defined by <a href="#profiles"><b>F Profiles</b></a>,
-or (2) a dereferenceable resource representing a valid TTML Profile Definition
-document instance. In either case, the referenced profile serves as the
+<em>Profile Definition Document</em> as defined by <a href="#profiles"><b>F Profiles</b></a>,
+or (2) a feasibly dereferenceable resource representing a valid <em>Profile Definition
+Document</em> instance. In either case, the referenced profile serves as the
baseline profile of the specifying <code>ttp:profile</code> element.</p><p>If the <code>use</code> attribute is not specified, then the baseline
profile of the <code>ttp:profile</code> element must be considered to be
the empty (null) profile, i.e., a profile definition containing no
@@ -1177,20 +1190,20 @@
entails replacing an existing feature or extension specification, if
it already exists, or adding a new feature or extension specification,
if it does not yet exist in the profile;</p></li></ol><p>A conformant TTML processor is not required to be able to
-dereference a TTML Profile Definition Document that is not one of the
-standard, predefined profiles defined by <a href="#profiles"><b>F Profiles</b></a>. A
-conformant TTML processor may make use of a built-in, static
+dereference a <em>Profile Definition Document</em> that is not one of the
+standard, predefined profiles defined by <a href="#profiles"><b>F Profiles</b></a>. Furthermore,
+a conformant TTML processor may make use of a built-in, static
form of each standard, predefined profile so as not to require
-dereferencing a network resource.</p><p>If a TTML processor is unable to dereference a non-standard TTML
-Profile Definition Document, then it must not further process the
+dereferencing a network resource.</p><p>If a TTML processor is unable to dereference a non-standard
+<em>Profile Definition Document</em>, then it must not further process the
document without the presence of an explicit override from an end-user
or some implementation specific parameter traceable to an end-user or
to a user or system configuration setting. If a TTML processor aborts
-processing of a TTML document instance due to the inability to
-reference a non-standard TTML Profile Definition Document, then some
+processing of a <em>Document Instance</em> due to the inability to
+reference a non-standard <em>Profile Definition Document</em>, then some
end-user notification should be given unless the end-user or system
has disabled such a notification, or if the processor does not permit
-or entail the intervention of an end-user.</p><p>The <code>ttp:profile</code> element is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="parameter-vocabulary-profile-example-1" id="parameter-vocabulary-profile-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – ttp:profile</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+or entail the intervention of an end-user.</p><p>The <code>ttp:profile</code> element is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="parameter-vocabulary-profile-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – ttp:profile</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<ttp:profile use="dfxp-presentation">
<ttp:features xml:base="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/feature/">
@@ -1202,10 +1215,10 @@
baseline profile. This baseline profile is then supersetted (thus
creating an additive derived profile) by requiring support for
<code>#text-outline</code> feature.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="parameter-vocabulary-features" id="parameter-vocabulary-features"></a>6.1.2 ttp:features</h4><p>The <code>ttp:features</code> element is a container element used to group
+<h4><a id="parameter-vocabulary-features"></a>6.1.2 ttp:features</h4><p>The <code>ttp:features</code> element is a container element used to group
infomation about feature support requirements.</p><p>The <code>ttp:features</code> element accepts as its children zero or more
elements in the <code>Metadata.class</code> element group, followed by
-zero or more <code>ttp:feature</code> elements.</p><a name="elt-syntax-parameter-features" id="elt-syntax-parameter-features"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttp:features</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+zero or more <code>ttp:feature</code> elements.</p><a id="elt-syntax-parameter-features"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttp:features</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<ttp:features
xml:base = string : <em>TT Feature Namespace</em>
@@ -1225,11 +1238,11 @@
value applies, which is the TT Feature Namespace.</p><p>The <code>xml:base</code> attribute is
used to permit the abbreviation of feature designation URIs expressed
by child <code>ttp:feature</code> elements.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="parameter-vocabulary-feature" id="parameter-vocabulary-feature"></a>6.1.3 ttp:feature</h4><p>The <code>ttp:feature</code> element is used to specify
+<h4><a id="parameter-vocabulary-feature"></a>6.1.3 ttp:feature</h4><p>The <code>ttp:feature</code> element is used to specify
infomation about support requirements for a particular feature.</p><p>The children of the <code>ttp:feature</code> element must express a non-empty
sequence of character information items that adheres to the
<code>xsd:anyURI</code> data type defined by <a href="#xsd-2">[XML Schema Part 2]</a>,
-§3.2.17.</p><a name="elt-syntax-parameter-feature" id="elt-syntax-parameter-feature"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttp:feature</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+§3.2.17.</p><a id="elt-syntax-parameter-feature"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttp:feature</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<ttp:feature
value = (optional|required|use) : required
@@ -1265,13 +1278,15 @@
item definition. Therefore, if a <code>value</code> attribute is not
specified on a <code>ttp:feature</code> element, it is equivalent to
specifying that support for the feature is required.</p></div><p>If the value of the <code>value</code> attribute is
-<code>required</code> or <code>use</code>,
-and if the TTML processor implementation does
-not support the feature, then it must not further process the document
+<code>required</code> or <code>use</code>
+and the TTML processor implementation does
+not support the feature, or if the <code>value</code> attribute is
+<code>use</code> and the TTML processor implementation supports but has disabled
+that feature, then it must not further process the document
without the presence of an explicit override from an end-user or some
implementation specific parameter traceable to an end-user or to a
user or system configuration setting. If a TTML processor aborts
-processing of a TTML document instance due to the specification of a
+processing of a <em>Document Instance</em> due to the specification of a
required, but unsupported feature by this element, then some end-user
notification should be given unless the end-user or system has
disabled such a notification, or if the processor does not permit or
@@ -1289,8 +1304,8 @@
valid.</p><p>If some defined (i.e., standardized) or otherwise well known feature is not specified by
a <code>ttp:feature</code> element in a given profile, then it must be interpreted as if the feature were specified
with the <code>value</code> attribute equal to <code>optional</code>.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In particular, if some feature is not present in a profile definition, then
-it is not to be interpreted as meaning the use of that feature (in a document instance)
-is disallowed or otherwise prohibited.</p></div><p>The <code>ttp:feature</code> element is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="parameter-vocabulary-feature-example-1" id="parameter-vocabulary-feature-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – ttp:feature</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+it is not to be interpreted as meaning the use of that feature (in a <em>Document Instance</em>)
+is disallowed or otherwise prohibited.</p></div><p>The <code>ttp:feature</code> element is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="parameter-vocabulary-feature-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – ttp:feature</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<ttp:profile use="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/profile/dfxp-presentation">
<ttp:features xml:base="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/feature/">
@@ -1308,10 +1323,10 @@
</p><p>The effect of this example is to express authorial intentions that
italic font style and text underlining must be
supported.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="parameter-vocabulary-extensions" id="parameter-vocabulary-extensions"></a>6.1.4 ttp:extensions</h4><p>The <code>ttp:extensions</code> element is a container element used to group
+<h4><a id="parameter-vocabulary-extensions"></a>6.1.4 ttp:extensions</h4><p>The <code>ttp:extensions</code> element is a container element used to group
infomation about extension support requirements.</p><p>The <code>ttp:extensions</code> element accepts as its children zero or more
elements in the <code>Metadata.class</code> element group, followed by
-zero or more <code>ttp:extension</code> elements.</p><a name="elt-syntax-parameter-extensions" id="elt-syntax-parameter-extensions"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttp:extensions</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+zero or more <code>ttp:extension</code> elements.</p><a id="elt-syntax-parameter-extensions"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttp:extensions</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<ttp:extensions
xml:base = string : <em>TT Extension Namespace</em>
@@ -1331,11 +1346,11 @@
value applies, which is the TT Extension Namespace.</p><p>The <code>xml:base</code> attribute is
used to permit the abbreviation of feature designation URIs expressed
by child <code>ttp:extension</code> elements.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="parameter-vocabulary-extension" id="parameter-vocabulary-extension"></a>6.1.5 ttp:extension</h4><p>The <code>ttp:extension</code> element is used to specify
+<h4><a id="parameter-vocabulary-extension"></a>6.1.5 ttp:extension</h4><p>The <code>ttp:extension</code> element is used to specify
infomation about support requirements for a particular extension.</p><p>The children of the <code>ttp:extension</code> element must express a non-empty
sequence of character information items that adheres to the
<code>xsd:anyURI</code> data type defined by <a href="#xsd-2">[XML Schema Part 2]</a>,
-§3.2.17.</p><a name="elt-syntax-parameter-extension" id="elt-syntax-parameter-extension"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttp:extension</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+§3.2.17.</p><a id="elt-syntax-parameter-extension"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttp:extension</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<ttp:extension
value = (optional|required|use) : required
@@ -1370,13 +1385,15 @@
item definition. Therefore, if a <code>value</code> attribute is not
specified on a <code>ttp:extension</code> element, it is equivalent to
specifying that support for the extension is required.</p></div><p>If the value of the <code>value</code> attribute is
-<code>required</code> or <code>use</code>,
-and if the TTML processor implementation does not support the
-extension, then it must not further process the document without the
+<code>required</code> or <code>use</code>
+and the TTML processor implementation does
+not support the extension, or if the <code>value</code> attribute is
+<code>use</code> and the TTML processor implementation supports but has disabled
+that extension, then it must not further process the document without the
presence of an explicit override from an end-user or some
implementation specific parameter traceable to an end-user or to a
user or system configuration setting. If a TTML processor aborts
-processing of a TTML document instance due to the specification of a
+processing of a <em>Document Instance</em> due to the specification of a
required, but unsupported extension by this element, then some
end-user notification should be given unless the end-user or system
has disabled such a notification, or if the processor does not permit
@@ -1391,10 +1408,14 @@
presence or reference to an optional extension by a document must not be
considered to be a violation of document validity or a barrier to
further processing if the syntactic expression is well-formed and
-valid.</p><p>The <code>ttp:extension</code> element is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="parameter-vocabulary-extension-example-1" id="parameter-vocabulary-extension-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – ttp:extension</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+valid.</p><p>If some well known extension is not specified by
+a <code>ttp:extension</code> element in a given profile, then it must be interpreted as if the extension were specified
+with the <code>value</code> attribute equal to <code>optional</code>.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In particular, if some extension is not present in a profile definition, then
+it is not to be interpreted as meaning the use of that extension (in a <em>Document Instance</em>)
+is disallowed or otherwise prohibited.</p></div><p>The <code>ttp:extension</code> element is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="parameter-vocabulary-extension-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – ttp:extension</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<ttp:profile use="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/profile/dfxp-transformation">
- <ttp:extensions xml:base="http://foo.bar.example.org/ttaf1/extension/">
+ <ttp:extensions xml:base="http://example.org/ttaf1/extension/">
<span class="strong"><ttp:extension value="use">#prefilter-by-language</ttp:extension></span>
</ttp:extensions>
</ttp:profile>
@@ -1404,13 +1425,14 @@
specifying that support and use is required for a private extension
defined in a third party namespace.</p><p>The effect of this example is to express authorial intentions that
a recipient processor must support the DFXP transformation profile and
-must also support and use an extension defined by a third party.</p></div></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="parameter-attribute-vocabulary" id="parameter-attribute-vocabulary"></a>6.2 Parameter Attribute Vocabulary</h3><p>The following attributes are defined in the TT Parameter Namespace.</p><ul><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-cellResolution"><b>6.2.1 ttp:cellResolution</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-clockMode"><b>6.2.2 ttp:clockMode</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-dropMode"><b>6.2.3 ttp:dropMode</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-frameRate"><b>6.2.4 ttp:frameRate</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-frameRateMultiplier"><b>6.2.5 ttp:frameRateMultiplier</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-markerMode"><b>6.2.6 ttp:markerMode</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-pixelAspectRatio"><b>6.2.7 ttp:pixelAspectRatio</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-profile"><b>6.2.8 ttp:profile</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-subFrameRate"><b>6.2.9 ttp:subFrameRate</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-tickRate"><b>6.2.10 ttp:tickRate</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-timeBase"><b>6.2.11 ttp:timeBase</b></a></p></li></ul><p>Unless explicitly stated otherwise, linear white-space (LWSP) may
-appear between tokens of a value of a TT Parameter.</p><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="parameter-attribute-cellResolution" id="parameter-attribute-cellResolution"></a>6.2.1 ttp:cellResolution</h4><p>The <code>ttp:cellResolution</code> attribute may be used by an author
+must also support and enable an extension defined by a third party.</p></div></div></div><div class="div2">
+<h3><a id="parameter-attribute-vocabulary"></a>6.2 Parameter Attribute Vocabulary</h3><p>The following attributes are defined in the TT Parameter Namespace.</p><ul><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-cellResolution"><b>6.2.1 ttp:cellResolution</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-clockMode"><b>6.2.2 ttp:clockMode</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-dropMode"><b>6.2.3 ttp:dropMode</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-frameRate"><b>6.2.4 ttp:frameRate</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-frameRateMultiplier"><b>6.2.5 ttp:frameRateMultiplier</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-markerMode"><b>6.2.6 ttp:markerMode</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-pixelAspectRatio"><b>6.2.7 ttp:pixelAspectRatio</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-profile"><b>6.2.8 ttp:profile</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-subFrameRate"><b>6.2.9 ttp:subFrameRate</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-tickRate"><b>6.2.10 ttp:tickRate</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-attribute-timeBase"><b>6.2.11 ttp:timeBase</b></a></p></li></ul><p>Unless explicitly stated otherwise, linear white-space (LWSP) must
+appear between adjacent non-terminal components of a TT Parameter value
+unless some other delimiter is permitted and used.</p><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="parameter-attribute-cellResolution"></a>6.2.1 ttp:cellResolution</h4><p>The <code>ttp:cellResolution</code> attribute may be used by an author
to express the number of horizontal and vertical cells into which the root container region
area is divided for the purpose of expressing presentation semantics in terms of
-a uniform grid.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a name="parameter-attribute-cellResolution-syntax" id="parameter-attribute-cellResolution-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:cellResolution</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+a uniform grid.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a id="parameter-attribute-cellResolution-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:cellResolution</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
ttp:cellResolution
: columns rows // <em>columns</em> != 0; <em>rows</em> != 0
@@ -1434,10 +1456,10 @@
is 20 by 10, and the root container extent is 640 by 480, then, assuming top to bottom,
left to right writing mode, the start and end padding will be 640 / 20 * 0.1 pixels and the
before and after padding will be 480 / 10 * 0.1 pixels.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="parameter-attribute-clockMode" id="parameter-attribute-clockMode"></a>6.2.2 ttp:clockMode</h4><p>The <code>ttp:clockMode</code> attribute is used to specify the
+<h4><a id="parameter-attribute-clockMode"></a>6.2.2 ttp:clockMode</h4><p>The <code>ttp:clockMode</code> attribute is used to specify the
interpretation of time expressions as real-time time coordinates when
operating with time base of <code>clock</code> as defined by <a href="#parameter-attribute-timeBase"><b>6.2.11 ttp:timeBase</b></a>.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>See <a href="#timing-time-value-expressions"><b>10.3 Time Value Expressions</b></a> for the
-specification of time expression syntax.</p></div><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a name="parameter-attribute-clockMode-syntax" id="parameter-attribute-clockMode-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:clockMode</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+specification of time expression syntax and semantics.</p></div><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a id="parameter-attribute-clockMode-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:clockMode</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
ttp:clockMode
: "local"
@@ -1463,11 +1485,11 @@
tolerance of TAI.</p></div><p>If not specified, the value of this parameter must be considered
to be <code>utc</code>.</p><p>A <code>ttp:clockMode</code> attribute is considered to be significant only
when specified on the <code>tt</code> element.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="parameter-attribute-dropMode" id="parameter-attribute-dropMode"></a>6.2.3 ttp:dropMode</h4><p>The <code>ttp:dropMode</code> attribute is used to specify
+<h4><a id="parameter-attribute-dropMode"></a>6.2.3 ttp:dropMode</h4><p>The <code>ttp:dropMode</code> attribute is used to specify
constraints on the interpretation and use of frame counts
that correspond with <a href="#smpte12m">[SMPTE 12M]</a> time coordinates when operating
with time base of <code>smpte</code> as defined by
-<a href="#parameter-attribute-timeBase"><b>6.2.11 ttp:timeBase</b></a>.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a name="parameter-attribute-dropMode-syntax" id="parameter-attribute-dropMode-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:dropMode</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<a href="#parameter-attribute-timeBase"><b>6.2.11 ttp:timeBase</b></a>.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a id="parameter-attribute-dropMode-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:dropMode</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
ttp:dropMode
: "dropNTSC"
@@ -1520,28 +1542,30 @@
code, which uses PAL modulation with the NTSC frame rate of ~29.97
frames/second. The M/PAL system is used primarily in Brazil.</p></div><p>If not specified, then <code>nonDrop</code> must be assumed to apply.</p><p>A <code>ttp:dropMode</code> attribute is considered to be significant only
when specified on the <code>tt</code> element.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="parameter-attribute-frameRate" id="parameter-attribute-frameRate"></a>6.2.4 ttp:frameRate</h4><p>The <code>ttp:frameRate</code> attribute is used to specify the frame rate of a related
-media object or the intrinsic frame rate of a document instance in case it is intended
-to function as an independent media object.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a name="parameter-attribute-frameRate-syntax" id="parameter-attribute-frameRate-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:frameRate</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="parameter-attribute-frameRate"></a>6.2.4 ttp:frameRate</h4><p>The <code>ttp:frameRate</code> attribute is used to specify the frame rate of a related
+media object or the intrinsic frame rate of a <em>Document Instance</em> in case it is intended
+to function as an independent media object.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a id="parameter-attribute-frameRate-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:frameRate</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
ttp:frameRate
: <a href="#style-value-digit"><digit></a>+ // <em>value</em> > 0
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The frame rate that applies to a document instance is used to
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The frame rate that applies to a <em>Document Instance</em> is used to
interpret time expressions that are expressed in <em>frames</em>
-as defined by <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><b>10.3.1 <timeExpression></b></a>.</p><p>A frame is interpreted as a division of a second of media
+as defined by <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><b>10.3.1 <timeExpression></b></a>.</p><p>If the <code>media</code> time base applies and the effective frame rate is
+integral, then a frame is interpreted as a division of a second of media
time, such that if the frame rate is specified as <em>F</em>, then
a second of media time is divided into <em>F</em> intervals of
equal duration, where each interval is labeled as frame <em>f</em>,
-with <em>f</em> ∈ [0…<em>F−1</em>].</p><p>If not specified, the frame rate must be considered to be equal to some
+with <em>f</em> ∈ [0…<em>F−1</em>].</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>See <a href="#time-expression-semantics-media"><b>N.2 Media Time Base</b></a> for further details
+on the interpretation of time expressions for the <code>media</code> time base.</p></div><p>If not specified, the frame rate must be considered to be equal to some
application defined frame rate, or if no application defined frame rate applies,
then thirty (30) frames per second. If specified, then the frame rate must
be greater than zero (0).</p><p>A <code>ttp:frameRate</code> attribute is considered to be significant only
when specified on the <code>tt</code> element.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="parameter-attribute-frameRateMultiplier" id="parameter-attribute-frameRateMultiplier"></a>6.2.5 ttp:frameRateMultiplier</h4><p>The <code>ttp:frameRateMultiplier</code> attribute is used to
+<h4><a id="parameter-attribute-frameRateMultiplier"></a>6.2.5 ttp:frameRateMultiplier</h4><p>The <code>ttp:frameRateMultiplier</code> attribute is used to
specify a multiplier to be applied to the frame rate specified by a
<code>ttp:frameRate</code> attribute in order to compute the effective
-frame rate.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a name="parameter-attribute-frameRateMultiplier-syntax" id="parameter-attribute-frameRateMultiplier-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:frameRateMultiplier</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+frame rate.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a id="parameter-attribute-frameRateMultiplier-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:frameRateMultiplier</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
ttp:frameRateMultiplier
: numerator denominator // <em>numerator</em> != 0; <em>denominator</em> != 0
@@ -1561,11 +1585,11 @@
second. Other frame rate multipliers apply to different regions of
usage and video format standards.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>Except in the case of PAL/M, the frame rate multiplier used for synchronizing with PAL
formatted video objects at 25 frames per second is nominally 1:1.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="parameter-attribute-markerMode" id="parameter-attribute-markerMode"></a>6.2.6 ttp:markerMode</h4><p>The <code>ttp:markerMode</code> attribute is used to specify
+<h4><a id="parameter-attribute-markerMode"></a>6.2.6 ttp:markerMode</h4><p>The <code>ttp:markerMode</code> attribute is used to specify
constraints on the interpretation and use of time expressions
that correspond with <a href="#smpte12m">[SMPTE 12M]</a> time coordinates when operating
with time base of <code>smpte</code> as defined by
-<a href="#parameter-attribute-timeBase"><b>6.2.11 ttp:timeBase</b></a>.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a name="parameter-attribute-markerMode-syntax" id="parameter-attribute-markerMode-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:markerMode</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<a href="#parameter-attribute-timeBase"><b>6.2.11 ttp:timeBase</b></a>.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a id="parameter-attribute-markerMode-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:markerMode</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
ttp:markerMode
: "continuous"
@@ -1633,9 +1657,9 @@
example, two consecutive frames labeled as <code>10:00:00:00</code>
and <code>10:00:01:00</code>.
</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="parameter-attribute-pixelAspectRatio" id="parameter-attribute-pixelAspectRatio"></a>6.2.7 ttp:pixelAspectRatio</h4><p>The <code>ttp:pixelAspectRatio</code> attribute may be used by a content author
+<h4><a id="parameter-attribute-pixelAspectRatio"></a>6.2.7 ttp:pixelAspectRatio</h4><p>The <code>ttp:pixelAspectRatio</code> attribute may be used by a content author
to express the aspect ratio of non-square pixels in the production of content that
-makes use of pixel coordinates.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a name="parameter-attribute-pixelAspectRatio-syntax" id="parameter-attribute-pixelAspectRatio-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:pixelAspectRatio</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+makes use of pixel coordinates.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a id="parameter-attribute-pixelAspectRatio-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:pixelAspectRatio</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
ttp:pixelAspectRatio
: width height // <em>width</em> != 0; <em>height</em> != 0
@@ -1648,46 +1672,50 @@
when specified on the <code>tt</code> element.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>This parameter may be used by a content transcoder or translator in
order to convert pixel measurements between different pixel aspect
ratios while still maintaining authorial layout intentions.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="parameter-attribute-profile" id="parameter-attribute-profile"></a>6.2.8 ttp:profile</h4><p>The <code>ttp:profile</code> attribute may be used by a content author
+<h4><a id="parameter-attribute-profile"></a>6.2.8 ttp:profile</h4><p>The <code>ttp:profile</code> attribute may be used by a content author
to express the profile of the Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) used
-in a document instance.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the
+in a <em>Document Instance</em>.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the
<code>xsd:anyURI</code> data type defined by <a href="#xsd-2">[XML Schema Part 2]</a>,
§3.2.17, and, further, must specify a
profile designator in accordance with
<a href="#vocabulary-profiles"><b>5.2 Profiles</b></a>.</p><p>A <code>ttp:profile</code>
attribute is considered to be significant only when specified on the
<code>tt</code> element.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="parameter-attribute-subFrameRate" id="parameter-attribute-subFrameRate"></a>6.2.9 ttp:subFrameRate</h4><p>The <code>ttp:subFrameRate</code> attribute is used to specify the sub-frame rate of a related
-media object or the intrinsic sub-frame rate of a document instance in case it is intended
-to function as an independent media object.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a name="parameter-attribute-subFrameRate-syntax" id="parameter-attribute-subFrameRate-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:subFrameRate</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="parameter-attribute-subFrameRate"></a>6.2.9 ttp:subFrameRate</h4><p>The <code>ttp:subFrameRate</code> attribute is used to specify the sub-frame rate of a related
+media object or the intrinsic sub-frame rate of a <em>Document Instance</em> in case it is intended
+to function as an independent media object.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a id="parameter-attribute-subFrameRate-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:subFrameRate</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
ttp:subFrameRate
: <a href="#style-value-digit"><digit></a>+ // <em>value</em> > 0
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The sub-frame rate that applies to a document instance is used to
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The sub-frame rate that applies to a <em>Document Instance</em> is used to
interpret time expressions that are expressed in <em>sub-frames</em>
-as defined by <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><b>10.3.1 <timeExpression></b></a>.</p><p>A sub-frame is interpreted as a division of a frame of media
+as defined by <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><b>10.3.1 <timeExpression></b></a>.</p><p>If the <code>media</code> time base applies and the effective frame rate is
+integral, a sub-frame is interpreted as a division of a frame of media
time, such that if the sub-frame rate is specified as <em>S</em>, then
a frame of media time is divided into <em>S</em> intervals of
equal duration, where each interval is labeled as sub-frame <em>s</em>,
-with <em>s</em> ∈ [0…<em>S−1</em>].</p><p>If not specified, the sub-frame rate must be considered to be
+with <em>s</em> ∈ [0…<em>S−1</em>].</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>See <a href="#time-expression-semantics-media"><b>N.2 Media Time Base</b></a> for further details
+on the interpretation of time expressions for the <code>media</code> time base.</p></div><p>If not specified, the sub-frame rate must be considered to be
equal to one (1). If specified, then the sub-frame rate must be greater than zero (0).</p><p>A <code>ttp:subFrameRate</code> attribute is considered to be significant only
when specified on the <code>tt</code> element.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The sub-frame is sometimes referred to as a <em>field</em> in
the context of synchronization with an interlaced video media object.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="parameter-attribute-tickRate" id="parameter-attribute-tickRate"></a>6.2.10 ttp:tickRate</h4><p>The <code>ttp:tickRate</code> attribute is used to specify the tick rate of a related
-media object or the intrinsic tick rate of content of a document instance in case it is intended
-to function as an independent media object.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a name="parameter-attribute-tickRate-syntax" id="parameter-attribute-tickRate-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:tickRate</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="parameter-attribute-tickRate"></a>6.2.10 ttp:tickRate</h4><p>The <code>ttp:tickRate</code> attribute is used to specify the tick rate of a related
+media object or the intrinsic tick rate of content of a <em>Document Instance</em> in case it is intended
+to function as an independent media object.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a id="parameter-attribute-tickRate-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:tickRate</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
ttp:tickRate
: <a href="#style-value-digit"><digit></a>+ // <em>value</em> > 0
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The tick rate that applies to a document instance is used to
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The tick rate that applies to a <em>Document Instance</em> is used to
interpret time expressions that are expressed in <em>ticks</em> by
-using the <code>t</code> metric as defined by <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><b>10.3.1 <timeExpression></b></a>.</p><p>A tick is interpreted as an integral division of a second of media
+using the <code>t</code> metric as defined by <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><b>10.3.1 <timeExpression></b></a>.</p><p>If the <code>media</code> time base applies,
+a tick is interpreted as an integral division of a second of media
time, such that if the tick rate is specified as <em>T</em>, then
a second of media time is divided into <em>T</em> intervals of
equal duration, where each interval is labeled as tick <em>t</em>,
-with <em>t</em> ∈ [0…<em>T−1</em>].</p><p>If not specified, then if a frame rate is specified, the tick rate
+with <em>t</em> ∈ [0…<em>T−1</em>].</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>See <a href="#time-expression-semantics-media"><b>N.2 Media Time Base</b></a> for further details
+on the interpretation of time expressions for the <code>media</code> time base.</p></div><p>If not specified, then if a frame rate is specified, the tick rate
must be considered to be the effective frame rate multiplied by the
sub-frame rate (i.e., ticks are interpreted as sub-frames); or, if no
frame rate is specified, the tick rate must be considered to be one (1)
@@ -1697,9 +1725,9 @@
use of fixed point arithmetic rather than fractional (and potentially
inexact) expressions of seconds.</p></div><p>A <code>ttp:tickRate</code> attribute is considered to be significant only
when specified on the <code>tt</code> element.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="parameter-attribute-timeBase" id="parameter-attribute-timeBase"></a>6.2.11 ttp:timeBase</h4><p>The <code>ttp:timeBase</code> attribute is used to specify the
+<h4><a id="parameter-attribute-timeBase"></a>6.2.11 ttp:timeBase</h4><p>The <code>ttp:timeBase</code> attribute is used to specify the
temporal coordinate system by means of which time expressions are
-interpreted in a document instance.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a name="parameter-attribute-timeBase-syntax" id="parameter-attribute-timeBase-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:timeBase</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+interpreted in a <em>Document Instance</em>.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p><a id="parameter-attribute-timeBase-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:timeBase</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
ttp:timeBase
: "media"
@@ -1709,17 +1737,18 @@
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>If the time base is designated as <code>media</code>, then a time
expression denotes a coordinate in some media object's time line,
where the media object may be an external media object with which the
-content of a document instance is to be synchronized, or it may
-be the content of a document instance itself in a case where
+content of a <em>Document Instance</em> is to be synchronized, or it may
+be the content of a <em>Document Instance</em> itself in a case where
the timed text content is intended to establish an independent time
line.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>When using a media time base, if that time base is paused or
-scaled positively or negatively, then it is expected that the
+scaled positively or negatively, i.e., the media play rate is
+not unity, then it is expected that the
presentation of associated Timed Text content will be similarly
paused, accelerated, or decelerated, respectively. The means for
controlling an external
media time base is outside the scope of this specification.</p></div><p>If the time base is designated as <code>smpte</code>,
then a time expression denotes a <a href="#smpte12m">[SMPTE 12M]</a> time
-coordinate with which the content of a document instance is to
+coordinate with which the content of a <em>Document Instance</em> is to
be synchronized. In this case, the value of the <code>ttp:markerMode</code>
and <code>ttp:dropMode</code> parameters apply, as defined by <a href="#parameter-attribute-markerMode"><b>6.2.6 ttp:markerMode</b></a> and <a href="#parameter-attribute-dropMode"><b>6.2.3 ttp:dropMode</b></a>, respectively.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>When the time base is designated as <code>smpte</code>,
every time expression denotes a media marker value akin to that
@@ -1732,25 +1761,22 @@
time lines.</p><p>If not specified, the default time base must be considered to be
<code>media</code>.</p><p>A <code>ttp:timeBase</code> attribute is considered to be significant only
when specified on the <code>tt</code> element.</p><p>When operating with either <code>media</code> or <code>smpte</code>
-time bases, a diachronic presentation of a document instance may
+time bases, a diachronic presentation of a <em>Document Instance</em> may
be subject to transformations of the controlling time line, such as
temporal reversal, dilation (expansion), or constriction
(compression); however, when operating with the <code>clock</code>
time base, no transformations are permitted, and diachronic
presentation proceeds on a linear, monotonically increasing time line
based on the passage of real time.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>Due to there being only one time base parameter that applies to a
-given document instance, the interpretation of time expressions
-is uniform throughout the document instance.</p></div><p>When operating with the <code>clock</code> time base,
-the expression <em>media time</em> as used in this specification is
-to be interpreted as the real-time clock selected by
-<a href="#parameter-attribute-clockMode"><b>6.2.2 ttp:clockMode</b></a>.</p></div></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="content" id="content"></a>7 Content</h2><p>This section specifies the <em>content</em> matter of the core
+given <em>Document Instance</em>, the interpretation of time expressions
+is uniform throughout the <em>Document Instance</em>.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>See <a href="#time-expression-semantics"><b>N Time Expression Semantics</b></a> for further details
+on the interpretation of time expressions according to the designated time base.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="div1">
+<h2><a id="content"></a>7 Content</h2><p>This section specifies the <em>content</em> matter of the core
vocabulary catalog.</p><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="content-element-vocabulary" id="content-element-vocabulary"></a>7.1 Content Element Vocabulary</h3><p>The following elements specify the structure and principal content aspects of a
-document instance:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-tt"><b>7.1.1 tt</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-head"><b>7.1.2 head</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><b>7.1.3 body</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-div"><b>7.1.4 div</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-p"><b>7.1.5 p</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-span"><b>7.1.6 span</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-br"><b>7.1.7 br</b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="document-structure-vocabulary-tt" id="document-structure-vocabulary-tt"></a>7.1.1 tt</h4><p>The <code>tt</code> element serves as the root document element of a document
-instance.</p><p>The <code>tt</code> element accepts as its children zero or one <code>head</code> element followed by
-zero or one <code>body</code> element.</p><a name="elt-syntax-tt" id="elt-syntax-tt"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: tt</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h3><a id="content-element-vocabulary"></a>7.1 Content Element Vocabulary</h3><p>The following elements specify the structure and principal content aspects of a
+<em>Document Instance</em>:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-tt"><b>7.1.1 tt</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-head"><b>7.1.2 head</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><b>7.1.3 body</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-div"><b>7.1.4 div</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-p"><b>7.1.5 p</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-span"><b>7.1.6 span</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-br"><b>7.1.7 br</b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="document-structure-vocabulary-tt"></a>7.1.1 tt</h4><p>The <code>tt</code> element serves as the root document element of a <em>Document Instance</em>.</p><p>The <code>tt</code> element accepts as its children zero or one <code>head</code> element followed by
+zero or one <code>body</code> element.</p><a id="elt-syntax-tt"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: tt</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<tt
<a href="#style-attribute-extent">tts:extent</a> = string
@@ -1762,22 +1788,24 @@
<em>Content:</em> <a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-head">head</a>?, <a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body">body</a>?
</tt>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The <em>Root Temporal Extent</em>, i.e., the time interval over which a document instance is active, has an implicit duration that is equal to the
-implicit duration of the <code>body</code> element of the document, if present, or zero, if not present.</p><p>If the <code>tts:extent</code> attribute is specified on the <code>tt</code>
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The <em>Root Temporal Extent</em>, i.e., the time interval over which a <em>Document Instance</em> is active, has an implicit duration that is equal to the
+implicit duration of the <code>body</code> element of the document, if the <code>body</code> element is present, or zero, if the <code>body</code> element is absent.</p><p>If the <code>tts:extent</code> attribute is specified on the <code>tt</code>
element, then it must adhere to <a href="#style-attribute-extent"><b>8.2.7 tts:extent</b></a>, in which case it
-specifies the spatial extent of the root container region in
+specifies the spatial extent of the <em>Root Container Region</em> in
which content regions are located and presented. If no <code>tts:extent</code>
-attribute is specified, then the spatial extent of the root container region is
-considered to be determined by the external authoring or presentation
-context. The root container origin is determined by the <em>Document Processing Context</em>.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>If an author desires to signal the (storage or image) aspect ratio of the root container
-region without specifying its resolution, then this may be accomplished by using metadata specified
+attribute is specified, then the spatial extent of the <em>Root Container Region</em> is
+considered to be determined by the <em>Document Processing Context</em>.
+The origin of the <em>Root Container Region</em> is determined by the <em>Document Processing Context</em>.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>If an author desires to signal the (storage or image) aspect ratio of the <em>Root Container Region</em>
+without specifying its resolution, then this may be accomplished by using metadata specified
in an external namespace, such as <code>m708:aspectRatio</code> as defined in <a href="#smpte2052">[SMPTE 2052-11]</a>, §5.4.4.
This would permit, for example, the interchange of information that reflects the
-the semantics of <a href="#cea708d">[CEA-708-D]</a> , §4.5 “Caption Service Metadata”, “ASPECT RATIO”.</p></div><p>An <code>xml:lang</code> attribute must be specified on the <code>tt</code> element.
+the semantics of <a href="#cea708d">[CEA-708-D]</a> , §4.5 “Caption Service Metadata”, “ASPECT RATIO”.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In the absence of other requirements, and if a <em>Related Media Object</em> exists, then it is recommended
+that the origin of the <em>Root Container Region</em> be established so that it is centered in the region within
+which the <em>Related Media Object</em> is presented.</p></div><p>An <code>xml:lang</code> attribute must be specified on the <code>tt</code> element.
If the attribute value is empty, it signifies that there is no default language that applies
-to the text contained within the document instance.</p><p>If no <code>xml:space</code> attribute is specified upon the <code>tt</code> element, then it must
+to the text contained within the <em>Document Instance</em>.</p><p>If no <code>xml:space</code> attribute is specified upon the <code>tt</code> element, then it must
be considered as if the attribute had been specified with a value of <code>default</code>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="document-structure-vocabulary-head" id="document-structure-vocabulary-head"></a>7.1.2 head</h4><p>The <code>head</code> element is a container element used to group
+<h4><a id="document-structure-vocabulary-head"></a>7.1.2 head</h4><p>The <code>head</code> element is a container element used to group
header matter, including metadata,
profile, styling, and layout information.</p><p>The <code>head</code> element accepts as its children zero or more
elements in the <code>Metadata.class</code> element group,
@@ -1785,13 +1813,13 @@
<code>Parameters.class</code> element group,
followed by zero or one <code>styling</code> element,
followed by zero or one <code>layout</code> element.</p><p>Any metadata specified by children in the <code>Metadata.class</code>
-element group applies semantically to the document instance as a
+element group applies semantically to the <em>Document Instance</em> as a
whole, and not just the <code>head</code> element.</p><p>Any parameters specified by children in the <code>Parameters.class</code>
-element group applies semantically to the document instance as a
+element group applies semantically to the <em>Document Instance</em> as a
whole, and not just the <code>head</code> element.</p><p>A <code>styling</code> child element is used to specify style constructs
that are referenced from other style constructs, by layout constructs, and by
content elements.</p><p>A <code>layout</code> child element is used to specify layout constructs that
-are referenced by content elements.</p><a name="elt-syntax-head" id="elt-syntax-head"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: head</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+are referenced by content elements.</p><a id="elt-syntax-head"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: head</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<head
<a href="#content-attribute-id">xml:id</a> = ID
@@ -1804,7 +1832,7 @@
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>To the extent that time semantics apply to the content of the
<code>head</code> element, the implied time interval of this element is
defined to be coterminous with the <em>Root Temporal Extent</em>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="document-structure-vocabulary-body" id="document-structure-vocabulary-body"></a>7.1.3 body</h4><p>The <code>body</code> element functions as a logical container and a temporal
+<h4><a id="document-structure-vocabulary-body"></a>7.1.3 body</h4><p>The <code>body</code> element functions as a logical container and a temporal
structuring element for a sequence of textual content units represented as
logical divisions.</p><p>The <code>body</code> element accepts as its children zero or more
elements in the <code>Metadata.class</code> element group,
@@ -1813,7 +1841,7 @@
followed by
zero or more <code>div</code> elements.</p><p>Any metadata specified by children in the <code>Metadata.class</code>
element group applies semantically to the <code>body</code> element and its descendants as a whole.</p><p>Any animation elements specified by children in the <code>Animation.class</code>
-element group apply semantically to the <code>body</code> element.</p><a name="elt-syntax-body" id="elt-syntax-body"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: body</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+element group apply semantically to the <code>body</code> element.</p><a id="elt-syntax-body"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: body</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<body
<a href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><timeExpression></a>
@@ -1835,7 +1863,7 @@
the <code>begin</code>, <code>dur</code>, and <code>end</code> attributes. If the begin point
of this interval remains unspecified, then the begin point is interpreted as the beginning
point of the <em>Root Temporal Extent</em>. Similarly, if the end point of this interval remains unspecified, then the
-end point is interpreted as the ending point of the <em>Root Temporal Extent</em>.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>A TTML document instance referenced from a SMIL presentation
+end point is interpreted as the ending point of the <em>Root Temporal Extent</em>.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>A <em>Document Instance</em> referenced from a SMIL presentation
is expected to follow the same timing rules as apply to other SMIL media
objects.</p></div><p>If relative begin or end times are specified on the <code>body</code>
element, then these times are resolved by reference to the beginning and
@@ -1844,14 +1872,14 @@
truncated to the active end point of the <em>Root Temporal Extent</em>.</p><p>An author may associate a set of style properties with a
<code>body</code> element by means of either the <code>style</code>
attribute or inline style attributes or a combination thereof.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>Style properties that are associated with a <code>body</code> element
-in a document instance are available for style inheritance by
+in a <em>Document Instance</em> are available for style inheritance by
descendant content elements such as <code>div</code>, <code>p</code>,
<code>span</code>
and <code>br</code>.</p></div><p>If no <code>timeContainer</code> attribute is specified on a
<code>body</code> element, then it must be interpreted as having
<em>parallel</em>
time containment semantics.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="content-vocabulary-div" id="content-vocabulary-div"></a>7.1.4 div</h4><p>The <code>div</code> element functions as a logical container and a temporal
+<h4><a id="content-vocabulary-div"></a>7.1.4 div</h4><p>The <code>div</code> element functions as a logical container and a temporal
structuring element for a sequence of textual content units represented as
logical sub-divisions or paragraphs.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>When rendered on a continuous (non-paged) visual presentation medium,
a <code>div</code> element is expected to generate
@@ -1872,7 +1900,7 @@
<code>div</code> or
<code>p</code> elements.</p><p>Any metadata specified by children in the <code>Metadata.class</code>
element group applies semantically to the <code>div</code> element and its descendants as a whole.</p><p>Any animation elements specified by children in the <code>Animation.class</code>
-element group apply semantically to the <code>div</code> element.</p><a name="elt-syntax-div" id="elt-syntax-div"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: div</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+element group apply semantically to the <code>div</code> element.</p><a id="elt-syntax-div"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: div</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<div
<a href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><timeExpression></a>
@@ -1893,7 +1921,7 @@
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>An author may associate a set of style properties with a <code>div</code> element by means of either
the <code>style</code> attribute or inline style attributes or a combination thereof.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>Style properties that are associated
with
-a <code>div</code> element in a document instance
+a <code>div</code> element in a <em>Document Instance</em>
are available for style inheritance by descendant content elements such as
<code>div</code>,
<code>p</code>,
@@ -1901,18 +1929,18 @@
<code>br</code>.</p></div><p>If no <code>timeContainer</code> attribute is specified on
a <code>div</code> element, then it must be interpreted as having
<em>parallel</em> time containment semantics.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="content-vocabulary-p" id="content-vocabulary-p"></a>7.1.5 p</h4><p>A <code>p</code> element represents a logical paragraph, serving as
+<h4><a id="content-vocabulary-p"></a>7.1.5 p</h4><p>A <code>p</code> element represents a logical paragraph, serving as
a transition between block level and inline level formatting semantics.</p><p>The <code>p</code> element accepts as its children zero or more
elements in the <code>Metadata.class</code> element group,
followed by zero or more
elements in the <code>Animation.class</code> element group,
followed by
-zero or more
-<code>span</code> element,
-<code>br</code> element,
-or text nodes interpreted as anonymous spans.</p><p>Any metadata specified by children in the <code>Metadata.class</code>
+zero or more intermixed
+<code>span</code> elements,
+<code>br</code> elements,
+or text nodes interpreted as an anonymous spans.</p><p>Any metadata specified by children in the <code>Metadata.class</code>
element group applies semantically to the <code>p</code> element and its descendants as a whole.</p><p>Any animation elements specified by children in the <code>Animation.class</code>
-element group apply semantically to the <code>p</code> element.</p><a name="elt-syntax-p" id="elt-syntax-p"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: p</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+element group apply semantically to the <code>p</code> element.</p><a id="elt-syntax-p"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: p</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<p
<a href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><timeExpression></a>
@@ -1933,7 +1961,7 @@
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>An author may associate a set of style properties with a
<code>p</code> element by means of either the <code>style</code>
attribute or inline style attributes or a combination thereof.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>Style properties that are associated with a <code>p</code> element
-in a document instance are available for style inheritance by
+in a <em>Document Instance</em> are available for style inheritance by
descendant content elements such as <code>span</code> and
<code>br</code>.</p></div><p>If no <code>timeContainer</code> attribute is specified on
a <code>p</code> element, then it must be interpreted as having
@@ -1945,7 +1973,7 @@
it is associated with a block-stacking constraint both before the first
generated line area and after the last generated line area. See
<a href="#semantics-region-layout-step-2"><b>9.3.3 Synchronic Flow Processing</b></a> for further details.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="content-vocabulary-span" id="content-vocabulary-span"></a>7.1.6 span</h4><p>The <code>span</code> element functions as a logical container and a temporal
+<h4><a id="content-vocabulary-span"></a>7.1.6 span</h4><p>The <code>span</code> element functions as a logical container and a temporal
structuring element for a sequence of textual content units having inline
level formatting semantics.</p><p>When presented on a visual medium, a <code>span</code> element is intended to
generate a sequence of inline areas, each containing one or more glyph areas.</p><p>The <code>span</code> element accepts as its children zero or more
@@ -1953,12 +1981,12 @@
followed by zero or more
elements in the <code>Animation.class</code> element group,
followed by
-zero or more
+zero or more intermixed
<code>span</code> elements,
<code>br</code> elements,
or text nodes interpreted as anonymous spans.</p><p>Any metadata specified by children in the <code>Metadata.class</code>
element group applies semantically to the <code>span</code> element and its descendants as a whole.</p><p>Any animation elements specified by children in the <code>Animation.class</code>
-element group apply semantically to the <code>span</code> element.</p><a name="elt-syntax-span" id="elt-syntax-span"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: span</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+element group apply semantically to the <code>span</code> element.</p><a id="elt-syntax-span"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: span</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<span
<a href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><timeExpression></a>
@@ -1979,12 +2007,12 @@
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>An author may associate a set of style properties with a
<code>span</code> element by means of either the <code>style</code>
attribute or inline style attributes or a combination thereof.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>Style properties that are associated with a <code>span</code> element
-in a document instance are available for style inheritance by
+in a <em>Document Instance</em> are available for style inheritance by
descendant content elements such as <code>span</code> and
<code>br</code>.</p></div><p>If no <code>timeContainer</code> attribute is specified on
a <code>span</code> element, then it must be interpreted as having
<em>parallel</em> time containment semantics.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="content-vocabulary-br" id="content-vocabulary-br"></a>7.1.7 br</h4><p>The <code>br</code> element denotes an explicit line break.</p><a name="elt-syntax-br" id="elt-syntax-br"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: br</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="content-vocabulary-br"></a>7.1.7 br</h4><p>The <code>br</code> element denotes an explicit line break.</p><a id="elt-syntax-br"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: br</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<br
<a href="#style-attribute-style">style</a> = IDREFS
@@ -2001,22 +2029,22 @@
interpreted as a forced line break.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The visual presentation of a <code>br</code> element is
intended to produce the same effect as the control character
<code>CR</code> (U+000D)
-followed by the control code <code>NL</code> (U+000A) when presented on a teletype device.
+followed by the control code <code>LF</code> (U+000A) when presented on a teletype device.
Therefore, two <code>br</code> elements in sequence will produce a
different effect than a single <code>br</code> element.</p></div></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="content-attribute-vocabulary" id="content-attribute-vocabulary"></a>7.2 Content Attribute Vocabulary</h3><p>This section defines the following common attributes used with many or all element types
+<h3><a id="content-attribute-vocabulary"></a>7.2 Content Attribute Vocabulary</h3><p>This section defines the following common attributes used with many or all element types
in the core vocabulary catalog:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#content-attribute-id"><b>7.2.1 xml:id</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-attribute-lang"><b>7.2.2 xml:lang</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-attribute-space"><b>7.2.3 xml:space</b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="content-attribute-id" id="content-attribute-id"></a>7.2.1 xml:id</h4><p>The <code>xml:id</code> attribute is used as defined by
+<h4><a id="content-attribute-id"></a>7.2.1 xml:id</h4><p>The <code>xml:id</code> attribute is used as defined by
<a href="#xmlid">[XML ID]</a>.</p><p>The <code>xml:id</code> attribute may be used with any element in the
core vocabulary catalog.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="content-attribute-lang" id="content-attribute-lang"></a>7.2.2 xml:lang</h4><p>The <code>xml:lang</code> attribute is used as defined by
+<h4><a id="content-attribute-lang"></a>7.2.2 xml:lang</h4><p>The <code>xml:lang</code> attribute is used as defined by
<a href="#xml10">[XML 1.0]</a>, §2.12, <em>Language Identification</em>.</p><p>The <code>xml:lang</code> attribute must be specified on the <code>tt</code>
element and may be specified by an instance of any other element type
in the core vocabulary catalog.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="content-attribute-space" id="content-attribute-space"></a>7.2.3 xml:space</h4><p>The <code>xml:space</code> attribute is used as defined by
+<h4><a id="content-attribute-space"></a>7.2.3 xml:space</h4><p>The <code>xml:space</code> attribute is used as defined by
<a href="#xml10">[XML 1.0]</a>, §2.10, <em>White Space Handling</em>.</p><p>The <code>xml:space</code> attribute may be used with any element in
the core vocabulary catalog.</p><p>The semantics of the value <code>default</code> are fixed to mean that
-when performing presentation processing of a document instance as
+when performing presentation processing of a <em>Document Instance</em> as
described by <a href="#semantics-region-layout-step-2"><b>9.3.3 Synchronic Flow Processing</b></a>,
processing must occur as
if the following properties were specified on the affected
@@ -2033,7 +2061,7 @@
of processing, the treatment of the <code>xml:space</code> attribute
is processor dependent, but should respect the semantics described
above if possible.</p></div></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="styling" id="styling"></a>8 Styling</h2><p>This section specifies the <em>styling</em> matter of the core
+<h2><a id="styling"></a>8 Styling</h2><p>This section specifies the <em>styling</em> matter of the core
vocabulary catalog, where
styling is to be understood as a separable layer of information that applies to
content and that denotes authorial intentions about the presentation of
@@ -2041,7 +2069,7 @@
Styling attributes are included in TTML to enable authorial intent of presentation
to be included within a self-contained document. This section describes
the semantics of style presentation in terms of a standard processing
- model. TTML Processors are not required to present TTML documents in any particular way;
+ model. TTML Processors are not required to present <em>Document Instances</em> in any particular way;
but an implementation of this model by a TTML Presentation Processor
that provides externally observable results that are consistent with this model is
likely to lead to a user experience that closely resembles the experience intended by
@@ -2056,12 +2084,12 @@
</p><p>No normative use of an
<code><?xml-stylesheet ... ?></code> processing instruction is defined
by this specification.</p><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="styling-element-vocabulary" id="styling-element-vocabulary"></a>8.1 Styling Element Vocabulary</h3><p>The following elements specify the structure and principal styling aspects of a
-document instance:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#styling-vocabulary-styling"><b>8.1.1 styling</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#styling-vocabulary-style"><b>8.1.2 style</b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="styling-vocabulary-styling" id="styling-vocabulary-styling"></a>8.1.1 styling</h4><p>The <code>styling</code> element is a container element used to group
+<h3><a id="styling-element-vocabulary"></a>8.1 Styling Element Vocabulary</h3><p>The following elements specify the structure and principal styling aspects of a
+<em>Document Instance</em>:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#styling-vocabulary-styling"><b>8.1.1 styling</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#styling-vocabulary-style"><b>8.1.2 style</b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="styling-vocabulary-styling"></a>8.1.1 styling</h4><p>The <code>styling</code> element is a container element used to group
styling matter, including metadata that applies to styling matter.</p><p>The <code>styling</code> element accepts as its children zero or more
elements in the <code>Metadata.class</code> element group, followed by
-zero or more <code>style</code> elements.</p><a name="elt-syntax-styling" id="elt-syntax-styling"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: styling</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+zero or more <code>style</code> elements.</p><a id="elt-syntax-styling"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: styling</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<styling
<a href="#content-attribute-id">xml:id</a> = ID
@@ -2074,10 +2102,10 @@
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>To the extent that time semantics apply to the content of the
<code>styling</code> element, the implied time interval of this element is
defined to be coterminous with the <em>Root Temporal Extent</em>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="styling-vocabulary-style" id="styling-vocabulary-style"></a>8.1.2 style</h4><p>The <code>style</code> element is used to define
+<h4><a id="styling-vocabulary-style"></a>8.1.2 style</h4><p>The <code>style</code> element is used to define
a set of style specifications expressed as a
specified style set in accordance with
-<a href="#semantics-style-resolution-processing-sss"><b>8.4.4.2 Specified Style Set Processing</b></a>.</p><p>The <code>style</code> element accepts as its children zero or more <code>metadata</code> elements.</p><a name="elt-syntax-style" id="elt-syntax-style"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: style</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<a href="#semantics-style-resolution-processing-sss"><b>8.4.4.2 Specified Style Set Processing</b></a>.</p><p>The <code>style</code> element accepts as its children zero or more <code>metadata</code> elements.</p><a id="elt-syntax-style"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: style</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<style
<a href="#style-attribute-style">style</a> = IDREFS
@@ -2086,8 +2114,7 @@
<a href="#content-attribute-space">xml:space</a> = (<em>default</em>|<em>preserve</em>)
{<em>any attribute in TT Style namespace</em>}
{<em>any attribute not in default or any TT namespace</em>}>
-
- <em>Content:</em> EMPTY
+ <em>Content:</em> EMPTY
</style>
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>If a <code>style</code> element appears as a descendant of a
@@ -2096,14 +2123,17 @@
<a href="#semantics-style-association-referential"><b>8.4.1.2 Referential Styling</b></a> and <a href="#semantics-style-association-chained-referential"><b>8.4.1.3 Chained Referential Styling</b></a>.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>That is to say, when referential styling is used by an element to
refer to a <code>style</code> element, then the referenced <code>style</code>
element must appear as a descendant of the <code>styling</code> element, and
-not in any other context.</p></div></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="styling-attribute-vocabulary" id="styling-attribute-vocabulary"></a>8.2 Styling Attribute Vocabulary</h3><p>This section defines the <a href="#style-attribute-style"><b>8.2.1 style</b></a> attribute used
+not in any other context.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In this version of this specification, the <code>style</code> element is the
+only non-metadata element that is not defined to accept <code>Metadata.class</code>
+children. It is expected that this asymmetry will be corrected in the next
+revision of this specification.</p></div></div></div><div class="div2">
+<h3><a id="styling-attribute-vocabulary"></a>8.2 Styling Attribute Vocabulary</h3><p>This section defines the <a href="#style-attribute-style"><b>8.2.1 style</b></a> attribute used
with both style definition elements as well as content elements.</p><p>In addition, this section specifies the following attributes in the TT Style Namespace
for use with style definition elements, certain layout elements, and content elements
-that support inline style specifications:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-backgroundColor"><b>8.2.2 tts:backgroundColor</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-color"><b>8.2.3 tts:color</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-direction"><b>8.2.4 tts:direction</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-display"><b>8.2.5 tts:display</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-displayAlign"><b>8.2.6 tts:displayAlign</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-extent"><b>8.2.7 tts:extent</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-fontFamily"><b>8.2.8 tts:fontFamily</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-fontSize"><b>8.2.9 tts:fontSize</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-fontStyle"><b>8.2.10 tts:fontStyle</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-fontWeight"><b>8.2.11 tts:fontWeight</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-lineHeight"><b>8.2.12 tts:lineHeight</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-opacity"><b>8.2.13 tts:opacity</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-origin"><b>8.2.14 tts:origin</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-overflow"><b>8.2.15 tts:overflow</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-padding"><b>8.2.16 tts:padding</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-showBackground"><b>8.2.17 tts:showBackground</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-textAlign"><b>8.2.18 tts:textAlign</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-textDecoration"><b>8.2.19 tts:textDecoration</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-textOutline"><b>8.2.20 tts:textOutline</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-unicodeBidi"><b>8.2.21 tts:unicodeBidi</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-visibility"><b>8.2.22 tts:visibility</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-wrapOption"><b>8.2.23 tts:wrapOption</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-writingMode"><b>8.2.24 tts:writingMode</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-zIndex"><b>8.2.25 tts:zIndex</b></a></p></li></ul><p>Unless explicitly stated otherwise, linear white-space (LWSP) may
-appear between tokens of a value of a TT
+that support inline style specifications:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-backgroundColor"><b>8.2.2 tts:backgroundColor</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-color"><b>8.2.3 tts:color</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-direction"><b>8.2.4 tts:direction</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-display"><b>8.2.5 tts:display</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-displayAlign"><b>8.2.6 tts:displayAlign</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-extent"><b>8.2.7 tts:extent</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-fontFamily"><b>8.2.8 tts:fontFamily</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-fontSize"><b>8.2.9 tts:fontSize</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-fontStyle"><b>8.2.10 tts:fontStyle</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-fontWeight"><b>8.2.11 tts:fontWeight</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-lineHeight"><b>8.2.12 tts:lineHeight</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-opacity"><b>8.2.13 tts:opacity</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-origin"><b>8.2.14 tts:origin</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-overflow"><b>8.2.15 tts:overflow</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-padding"><b>8.2.16 tts:padding</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-showBackground"><b>8.2.17 tts:showBackground</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-textAlign"><b>8.2.18 tts:textAlign</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-textDecoration"><b>8.2.19 tts:textDecoration</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-textOutline"><b>8.2.20 tts:textOutline</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-unicodeBidi"><b>8.2.21 tts:unicodeBidi</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-visibility"><b>8.2.22 tts:visibility</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-wrapOption"><b>8.2.23 tts:wrapOption</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-writingMode"><b>8.2.24 tts:writingMode</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-zIndex"><b>8.2.25 tts:zIndex</b></a></p></li></ul><p>Unless explicitly stated otherwise, linear white-space (LWSP) must
+appear between adjacent non-terminal components of a value of a TT
Style or TT Style Extension
-Property.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>This specification makes use of <em>lowerCamelCased</em> local
+Property value unless some other delimiter is permitted and used.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>This specification makes use of <em>lowerCamelCased</em> local
names for style attributes that
are based upon like-named properties defined by <a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a>.
This convention is likewise extended to token values of such
@@ -2112,20 +2142,22 @@
element type. This capability permits the expression of an inheritable
style property on ancestor elements to which the property
does not apply.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-style" id="style-attribute-style"></a>8.2.1 style</h4><p>The <code>style</code> attribute is used
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-style"></a>8.2.1 style</h4><p>The <code>style</code> attribute is used
by referential style association
to reference one or more <code>style</code>
elements each of which define a
specified
style set.</p><p>The <code>style</code> attribute may be specified by an instance of the following
-element types:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><code>body</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-div"><code>div</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-p"><code>p</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-span"><code>span</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#styling-vocabulary-style"><code>style</code></a></p></li></ul><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>See the specific element type definitions that permit use of the
+element types:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><code>body</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-div"><code>div</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-p"><code>p</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-span"><code>span</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#styling-vocabulary-style"><code>style</code></a></p></li></ul><p>If specified, the value of a <code>style</code> attribute must
+adhere to the <code>IDREFS</code> data type defined by <a href="#xsd-2">[XML Schema Part 2]</a>,
+§ 3.3.10.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>See the specific element type definitions that permit use of the
<code>style</code> attribute, as well as <a href="#semantics-style-association-referential"><b>8.4.1.2 Referential Styling</b></a> and <a href="#semantics-style-association-chained-referential"><b>8.4.1.3 Chained Referential Styling</b></a>, for
further information on its semantics.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-backgroundColor" id="style-attribute-backgroundColor"></a>8.2.2 tts:backgroundColor</h4><p>The <code>tts:backgroundColor</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-backgroundColor"></a>8.2.2 tts:backgroundColor</h4><p>The <code>tts:backgroundColor</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines the background color of a region or an area generated by content flowed into a region.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-backgroundColor" id="style-property-details-backgroundColor"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-backgroundColor"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<a href="#style-value-color"><color></a>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Initial:</em></td><td><code>transparent</code></td></tr><tr><td><em>Applies to:</em></td><td>
<a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><code>body</code></a>,
@@ -2135,7 +2167,7 @@
<a href="#content-vocabulary-span"><code>span</code></a>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Inherited:</em></td><td>no</td></tr><tr><td><em>Percentages:</em></td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td><em>Animatable:</em></td><td>discrete</td></tr></tbody></table><p>For the purpose of determining applicability of this style property,
each character child of a <code>p</code> element is considered to be enclosed in an anonymous
-span.</p><p>The <code>tts:backgroundColor</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-backgroundColor-example-1" id="style-attribute-backgroundColor-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Background Color</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+span.</p><p>The <code>tts:backgroundColor</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-backgroundColor-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Background Color</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:extent="306px 114px"/>
@@ -2150,12 +2182,12 @@
How <span <span class="strong">tts:backgroundColor="green"</span>>I wonder</span> where you're at!
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-backgroundColor-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-backgroundColor-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Background Color</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/backgroundColor.png" alt="TTML backgroundColor style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-color" id="style-attribute-color"></a>8.2.3 tts:color</h4><p>The <code>tts:color</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-backgroundColor-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Background Color</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/backgroundColor.png" alt="TTML backgroundColor style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-color"></a>8.2.3 tts:color</h4><p>The <code>tts:color</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines the foreground color of marks associated with an area generated by content flowed into a region.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-color" id="style-property-details-color"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-color"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<a href="#style-value-color"><color></a>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Initial:</em></td><td>see prose</td></tr><tr><td><em>Applies to:</em></td><td>
<a href="#content-vocabulary-span"><code>span</code></a>
@@ -2165,7 +2197,7 @@
is considered to be implementation dependent. In the absence of
end-user preference information, a conformant presentation processor
should use an initial value that is highly contrastive to the
-background color of the root container region.</p><p>The <code>tts:color</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-color-example-1" id="style-attribute-color-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Color</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+background color of the root container region.</p><p>The <code>tts:color</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-color-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Color</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:backgroundColor="black"/>
@@ -2179,13 +2211,13 @@
I'll try and tell you what I mean.
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-color-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-color-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Color</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/color.png" alt="TTML color style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-direction" id="style-attribute-direction"></a>8.2.4 tts:direction</h4><p>The <code>tts:direction</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-color-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Color</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/color.png" alt="TTML color style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-direction"></a>8.2.4 tts:direction</h4><p>The <code>tts:direction</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines the directionality of an embedding or override according to
the Unicode bidirectional algorithm.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-direction" id="style-property-details-direction"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-direction"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>ltr</code> |
<code>rtl</code>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Initial:</em></td><td>
@@ -2196,7 +2228,7 @@
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Inherited:</em></td><td>yes</td></tr><tr><td><em>Percentages:</em></td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td><em>Animatable:</em></td><td>discrete</td></tr></tbody></table><p>For the purpose of determining applicability of this style property,
each character child of a <code>p</code> element is considered to be enclosed in an anonymous
span.</p><p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
-then a presentation processor must ignore the attribute.</p><p>The <code>tts:direction</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-direction-example-1" id="style-attribute-direction-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Direction</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+then a presentation processor must ignore the attribute.</p><p>The <code>tts:direction</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-direction-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Direction</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:extent="265px 84px"/>
@@ -2213,15 +2245,15 @@
<span tts:unicodeBidi="bidiOverride" <span class="strong">tts:direction="rtl"</span>>where the tourists snore.</span>
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-direction-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-direction-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Direction</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-direction-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Direction</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<img src="images/direction.png" alt="TTML direction style property">
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-display" id="style-attribute-display"></a>8.2.5 tts:display</h4><p>The <code>tts:display</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-display"></a>8.2.5 tts:display</h4><p>The <code>tts:display</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines whether an element is a candidate for layout and composition
in a region.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-display" id="style-property-details-display"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-display"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>auto</code> |
<code>none</code>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Initial:</em></td><td>
@@ -2238,7 +2270,7 @@
then the affected element is a candidate for region layout and
presentation; however, if the value is <code>none</code>, then the
affected element and its descendants must be considered ineligible for region
-layout and presentation.</p><p>The <code>tts:display</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-display-example-1" id="style-attribute-display-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Display</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+layout and presentation.</p><p>The <code>tts:display</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-display-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Display</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:extent="369px 119px"
@@ -2267,7 +2299,7 @@
</p>
</div>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-display-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-display-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Display</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-display-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Display</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<img src="images/display_0.png" alt="TTML display style property - [0,1)">
</td></tr><tr><td>
<img src="images/display_1.png" alt="TTML display style property - [1,2)">
@@ -2278,11 +2310,11 @@
</td></tr><tr><td>
<img src="images/display_4.png" alt="TTML display style property - [4,5)">
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-displayAlign" id="style-attribute-displayAlign"></a>8.2.6 tts:displayAlign</h4><p>The <code>tts:displayAlign</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-displayAlign"></a>8.2.6 tts:displayAlign</h4><p>The <code>tts:displayAlign</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines the alignment of block areas in the block progression direction.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-displayAlign" id="style-property-details-displayAlign"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-displayAlign"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>before</code> |
<code>center</code> |
<code>after</code>
@@ -2292,7 +2324,7 @@
<a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Inherited:</em></td><td>no</td></tr><tr><td><em>Percentages:</em></td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td><em>Animatable:</em></td><td>discrete</td></tr></tbody></table><p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
then a presentation processor must interpret the attribute as if the
-value <code>before</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:displayAlign</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-displayAlign-example-1" id="style-attribute-displayAlign-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Display Align</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+value <code>before</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:displayAlign</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-displayAlign-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Display Align</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:extent="128px 66px" tts:origin="0px 0px"
@@ -2326,13 +2358,13 @@
<p region="r4">They sent an<br/> answer back to me.</p>
</div>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-displayAlign-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-displayAlign-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Display Align</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/displayAlign.png" alt="TTML displayAlign style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-extent" id="style-attribute-extent"></a>8.2.7 tts:extent</h4><p>The <code>tts:extent</code> attribute is used to specify the
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-displayAlign-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Display Align</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/displayAlign.png" alt="TTML displayAlign style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-extent"></a>8.2.7 tts:extent</h4><p>The <code>tts:extent</code> attribute is used to specify the
<em>width</em> and <em>height</em> of a region area
(which may be the root container region).</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-extent" id="style-property-details-extent"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-extent"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>auto</code> |
<a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Initial:</em></td><td><code>auto</code></td></tr><tr><td><em>Applies to:</em></td><td>
@@ -2360,7 +2392,7 @@
these specifications must be expressed as non-percentage,
definite lengths using pixel units.</p><p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
then a presentation processor must interpret the attribute as if the
-value <code>auto</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:extent</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-extent-example-1" id="style-attribute-extent-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Extent</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+value <code>auto</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:extent</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-extent-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Extent</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style <span class="strong">tts:extent="330px 122px"</span>/>
@@ -2377,13 +2409,13 @@
I must sugar my hair."
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-extent-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-extent-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Extent</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/extent.png" alt="TTML extent style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-fontFamily" id="style-attribute-fontFamily"></a>8.2.8 tts:fontFamily</h4><p>The <code>tts:fontFamily</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-extent-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Extent</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/extent.png" alt="TTML extent style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-fontFamily"></a>8.2.8 tts:fontFamily</h4><p>The <code>tts:fontFamily</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines the font family from which glyphs are selected for glyph areas generated
by content flowed into a region.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-fontFamily" id="style-property-details-fontFamily"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-fontFamily"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
(<a href="#style-value-familyName"><familyName></a> | <a href="#style-value-genericFamilyName"><genericFamilyName></a>)
(<code>","</code>
(<a href="#style-value-familyName"><familyName></a> | <a href="#style-value-genericFamilyName"><genericFamilyName></a>))*
@@ -2397,7 +2429,7 @@
to an available font family that has similar typographic
characteristics, or, in the absence of such a mapping, it must
interpret the font family as if the value <code>default</code> were
-specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:fontFamily</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-fontFamily-example-1" id="style-attribute-fontFamily-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Font Family</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:fontFamily</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-fontFamily-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Font Family</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:extent="474px 146px"/>
@@ -2423,14 +2455,14 @@
</p>
</div>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-fontFamily-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-fontFamily-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Font Family</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/fontFamily.png" alt="TTML fontFamily style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-fontSize" id="style-attribute-fontSize"></a>8.2.9 tts:fontSize</h4><p>The <code>tts:fontSize</code> attribute is used to specify a style property
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-fontFamily-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Font Family</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/fontFamily.png" alt="TTML fontFamily style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-fontSize"></a>8.2.9 tts:fontSize</h4><p>The <code>tts:fontSize</code> attribute is used to specify a style property
that defines the font size for glyphs that are selected for glyph areas
generated by content flowed into a region, where font size is interpreted as a
scaling transform to the font's design EM square.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-fontSize" id="style-property-details-fontSize"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-fontSize"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a>?
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Initial:</em></td><td><code>1c</code></td></tr><tr><td><em>Applies to:</em></td><td>
<a href="#content-vocabulary-span"><code>span</code></a>
@@ -2445,7 +2477,7 @@
span.</p><p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
then a presentation processor must interpret the attribute as if the
value <code>1c</code> were specified.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The expression <code>1c</code> means one cell, where <code>'c'</code> expresses
-the <em>cell</em> length unit as defined by <a href="#style-value-length"><b>8.3.9 <length></b></a>.</p></div><p>The <code>tts:fontSize</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-fontSize-example-1" id="style-attribute-fontSize-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Font Size</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+the <em>cell</em> length unit as defined by <a href="#style-value-length"><b>8.3.9 <length></b></a>.</p></div><p>The <code>tts:fontSize</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-fontSize-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Font Size</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:extent="299px 97px"/>
@@ -2464,15 +2496,15 @@
that is <span <span class="strong">tts:fontSize="24px"</span>>pleasant</span> to drink.
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-fontSize-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-fontSize-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Font Size</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/fontSize.png" alt="TTML fontSize style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-fontStyle" id="style-attribute-fontStyle"></a>8.2.10 tts:fontStyle</h4><p>The <code>tts:fontStyle</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-fontSize-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Font Size</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/fontSize.png" alt="TTML fontSize style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-fontStyle"></a>8.2.10 tts:fontStyle</h4><p>The <code>tts:fontStyle</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines the font style to apply to glyphs that are selected for glyph areas generated
by content flowed into a region, where the mapping from font
style value to specific font face or style parameterization is not determined
by this specification.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-fontStyle" id="style-property-details-fontStyle"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-fontStyle"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>normal</code> |
<code>italic</code> |
<code>oblique</code>
@@ -2487,7 +2519,7 @@
to an available font style that has similar typographic
characteristics, or, in the absence of such a mapping, it must
interpret the font style as if the value <code>normal</code> were
-specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:fontStyle</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-fontStyle-example-1" id="style-attribute-fontStyle-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Font Style</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:fontStyle</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-fontStyle-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Font Style</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:extent="331px 84px"/>
@@ -2503,15 +2535,15 @@
Take pen and ink, and <span <span class="strong">tts:fontStyle="italic"</span>>write it down.</span>
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-fontStyle-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-fontStyle-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Font Style</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/fontStyle.png" alt="TTML fontStyle style property"></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-fontWeight" id="style-attribute-fontWeight"></a>8.2.11 tts:fontWeight</h4><p>The <code>tts:fontWeight</code> attribute is used to specify a style property
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-fontStyle-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Font Style</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/fontStyle.png" alt="TTML fontStyle style property"></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p></div><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-fontWeight"></a>8.2.11 tts:fontWeight</h4><p>The <code>tts:fontWeight</code> attribute is used to specify a style property
that defines the font weight to apply to glyphs that are selected for glyph
areas generated by content flowed into a region, where the mapping from font
weight value to specific font face or weight parameterization is not determined
by this specification.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-fontWeight" id="style-property-details-fontWeight"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-fontWeight"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>normal</code> |
<code>bold</code>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Initial:</em></td><td><code>normal</code></td></tr><tr><td><em>Applies to:</em></td><td>
@@ -2523,7 +2555,7 @@
to an available font weight that has similar typographic
characteristics, or, in the absence of such a mapping, it must
interpret the font weight as if the value <code>normal</code> were
-specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:fontWeight</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-fontWeight-example-1" id="style-attribute-fontWeight-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Font Weight</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:fontWeight</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-fontWeight-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Font Weight</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:extent="376px 95px"/>
@@ -2541,12 +2573,12 @@
<span <span class="strong">tts:fontWeight="bold"</span>>but said I could not swim.</span>
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-fontWeight-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-fontWeight-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Font Weight</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/fontWeight.png" alt="TTML fontWeight style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-lineHeight" id="style-attribute-lineHeight"></a>8.2.12 tts:lineHeight</h4><p>The <code>tts:lineHeight</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-fontWeight-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Font Weight</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/fontWeight.png" alt="TTML fontWeight style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-lineHeight"></a>8.2.12 tts:lineHeight</h4><p>The <code>tts:lineHeight</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines the inter-baseline separation between line areas generated by content flowed into a region.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-lineHeight" id="style-property-details-lineHeight"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-lineHeight"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>normal</code> |
<a href="#style-value-length"><length></a>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Initial:</em></td><td><code>normal</code></td></tr><tr><td><em>Applies to:</em></td><td>
@@ -2557,7 +2589,7 @@
descendant element.</p><p>If specified as a <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a>, then the length must
be non-negative.</p><p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
then a presentation processor must interpret the attribute as if the
-value <code>normal</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:lineHeight</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-lineHeight-example-1" id="style-attribute-lineHeight-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Line Height</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+value <code>normal</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:lineHeight</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-lineHeight-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Line Height</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:extent="255px 190px"/>
@@ -2579,22 +2611,22 @@
"The bitterness of Life.
"</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-lineHeight-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-lineHeight-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Line Height</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/lineHeight.png" alt="TTML lineHeight style property"></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-opacity" id="style-attribute-opacity"></a>8.2.13 tts:opacity</h4><p>The <code>tts:opacity</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-lineHeight-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Line Height</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/lineHeight.png" alt="TTML lineHeight style property"></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p></div><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-opacity"></a>8.2.13 tts:opacity</h4><p>The <code>tts:opacity</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines the opacity (or conversely, the transparency)
of marks associated with a region.</p><p>When presented onto a visual medium, the opacity of the region is applied uniformly and on a linear scale
to all marks produced by content targeted to the
region.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-opacity" id="style-property-details-opacity"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-opacity"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<a href="#style-value-alpha"><alpha></a>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Initial:</em></td><td>
<code>1.0</code>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Applies to:</em></td><td>
<a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Inherited:</em></td><td>no</td></tr><tr><td><em>Percentages:</em></td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td><em>Animatable:</em></td><td>discrete</td></tr></tbody></table><p>An <a href="#style-value-alpha"><alpha></a> value greater
-than 1.0 must be considered equivalent to an <a href="#style-value-alpha"><alpha></a> value of 1.0.</p><p>The <code>tts:opacity</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-opacity-example-1" id="style-attribute-opacity-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Opacity</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+than 1.0 must be considered equivalent to an <a href="#style-value-alpha"><alpha></a> value of 1.0.</p><p>The <code>tts:opacity</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-opacity-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Opacity</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1" dur="5s">
<set begin="0s" dur="1s" <span class="strong">tts:opacity="1.00"</span>/>
@@ -2613,7 +2645,7 @@
The sun was shining on the sea
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-opacity-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-opacity-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Opacity</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-opacity-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Opacity</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<img src="images/opacity_0.png" alt="TTML opacity style property - [0,1)">
</td></tr><tr><td>
<img src="images/opacity_1.png" alt="TTML opacity style property - [1,2)">
@@ -2624,13 +2656,13 @@
</td></tr><tr><td>
<img src="images/opacity_4.png" alt="TTML opacity style property - [4,5)">
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-origin" id="style-attribute-origin"></a>8.2.14 tts:origin</h4><p>The <code>tts:origin</code> attribute is used to specify the
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-origin"></a>8.2.14 tts:origin</h4><p>The <code>tts:origin</code> attribute is used to specify the
<em>x</em> and <em>y</em> coordinates of the origin of a
region area with respect to the origin of the root container extent,
if specified, or the external authoring context, if not specified.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-origin" id="style-property-details-origin"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-origin"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>auto</code> |
<a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Initial:</em></td><td><code>auto</code></td></tr><tr><td><em>Applies to:</em></td><td>
@@ -2641,7 +2673,7 @@
of the style property must be considered to be the same as the root container
origin.</p><p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
then a presentation processor must interpret the attribute as if the
-value <code>auto</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:origin</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-origin-example-1" id="style-attribute-origin-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Origin</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+value <code>auto</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:origin</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-origin-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Origin</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style <span class="strong">tts:origin="40px 40px"</span>/>
@@ -2658,13 +2690,13 @@
To simper at a table-cloth!"
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-origin-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-origin-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Origin</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/origin.png" alt="TTML origin style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-overflow" id="style-attribute-overflow"></a>8.2.15 tts:overflow</h4><p>The <code>tts:overflow</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-origin-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Origin</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/origin.png" alt="TTML origin style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-overflow"></a>8.2.15 tts:overflow</h4><p>The <code>tts:overflow</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines whether a region area is clipped or not if the descendant areas of the region overflow
its extent.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-overflow" id="style-property-details-overflow"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-overflow"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>visible</code> |
<code>hidden</code>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Initial:</em></td><td><code>hidden</code></td></tr><tr><td><em>Applies to:</em></td><td>
@@ -2681,7 +2713,7 @@
region is <code>visible</code> and if the applicable <code>tts:wrapOption</code>
style is <code>noWrap</code>.</p></div><p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
then a presentation processor must interpret the attribute as if the
-value <code>hidden</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:overflow</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-overflow-example-1" id="style-attribute-overflow-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Overflow</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+value <code>hidden</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:overflow</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-overflow-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Overflow</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:extent="232px 40px"/>
@@ -2717,15 +2749,15 @@
And all of us are fat!"
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-overflow-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-overflow-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Overflow</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/overflow.png" alt="TTML overflow style property"></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In the above example, the <code>tts:noWrap</code> is set to
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-overflow-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Overflow</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/overflow.png" alt="TTML overflow style property"></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In the above example, the <code>tts:noWrap</code> is set to
<code>noWrap</code> to prevent automatic line wrapping (breaking);
if this were not specified, then overflow would occur in the block
progression direction as opposed to the inline progression direction.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-padding" id="style-attribute-padding"></a>8.2.16 tts:padding</h4><p>The <code>tts:padding</code> attribute is used to specify padding (or inset)
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-padding"></a>8.2.16 tts:padding</h4><p>The <code>tts:padding</code> attribute is used to specify padding (or inset)
space on all sides of a region area.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-padding" id="style-property-details-padding"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-padding"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> |
<a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> |
<a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> |
@@ -2742,7 +2774,7 @@
If four <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> specifications are provided, then they apply to before, end,
after, and start edges, respectively.</p><p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
then a presentation processor must interpret the attribute as if the
-value <code>0px</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:padding</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-padding-example-1" id="style-attribute-padding-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Padding</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+value <code>0px</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:padding</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-padding-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Padding</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:extent="446px 104px"/>
@@ -2761,15 +2793,15 @@
</p>
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>When rendering an area to which padding applies, the background color that
-applies to the area is rendered into the padded portion of the area.</p><a name="style-attribute-padding-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-padding-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Padding</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+applies to the area is rendered into the padded portion of the area.</p><a id="style-attribute-padding-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Padding</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<img src="images/padding.png" alt="TTML padding style property">
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-showBackground" id="style-attribute-showBackground"></a>8.2.17 tts:showBackground</h4><p>The <code>tts:showBackground</code> attribute is used to specify
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-showBackground"></a>8.2.17 tts:showBackground</h4><p>The <code>tts:showBackground</code> attribute is used to specify
constraints on when the background color of a region is intended to be
presented.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-showBackground" id="style-property-details-showBackground"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-showBackground"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>always</code> |
<code>whenActive</code>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Initial:</em></td><td><code>always</code></td></tr><tr><td><em>Applies to:</em></td><td>
@@ -2780,7 +2812,7 @@
then the background color of a region is rendered only when some
content is selected into the region.</p><p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
then a presentation processor must interpret the attribute as if the
-value <code>always</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:showBackground</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-showBackground-example-1" id="style-attribute-showBackground-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Show Background</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+value <code>always</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:showBackground</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-showBackground-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Show Background</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:origin="0px 0px"/>
@@ -2802,12 +2834,12 @@
</region>
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-textAlign" id="style-attribute-textAlign"></a>8.2.18 tts:textAlign</h4><p>The <code>tts:textAlign</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-textAlign"></a>8.2.18 tts:textAlign</h4><p>The <code>tts:textAlign</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines how inline areas are aligned within a containing block area in the inline progression
direction.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-textAlign" id="style-property-details-textAlign"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-textAlign"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>left</code> |
<code>center</code> |
<code>right</code> |
@@ -2817,7 +2849,7 @@
<a href="#content-vocabulary-p"><code>p</code></a>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Inherited:</em></td><td>yes</td></tr><tr><td><em>Percentages:</em></td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td><em>Animatable:</em></td><td>discrete</td></tr></tbody></table><p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
then a presentation processor must interpret the attribute as if the
-value <code>start</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:textAlign</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-textAlign-example-1" id="style-attribute-textAlign-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Text Align</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+value <code>start</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:textAlign</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-textAlign-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Text Align</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:extent="355px 43px"/>
@@ -2843,13 +2875,13 @@
The frumious Bandersnatch!
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-textAlign-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-textAlign-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Text Align</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/textAlign.png" alt="TTML textAlign style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-textDecoration" id="style-attribute-textDecoration"></a>8.2.19 tts:textDecoration</h4><p>The <code>tts:textDecoration</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-textAlign-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Text Align</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/textAlign.png" alt="TTML textAlign style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-textDecoration"></a>8.2.19 tts:textDecoration</h4><p>The <code>tts:textDecoration</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines a text decoration effect to apply to glyph areas or other inline
areas that are generated by content flowed into a region.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-textDecoration" id="style-property-details-textDecoration"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-textDecoration"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>none</code> |
[ [
<code>underline</code> |
@@ -2865,7 +2897,10 @@
style property, each character child of a <code>p</code> element is
considered to be enclosed in an anonymous span.</p><p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
then a presentation processor must interpret the attribute as if the
-value <code>none</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:textDecoration</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-textDecoration-example-1" id="style-attribute-textDecoration-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Text Decoration</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+value <code>none</code> were specified.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The syntax used above in defining the value of this property is based on the
+value component syntax defined in <a href="#css2">[CSS2]</a>, § 1.4.2.1. In essence,
+one or more of the values separated by <code>||</code> may appear in the property
+value in any order, such as <code>"noUnderline overline lineThrough"</code>.</p></div><p>The <code>tts:textDecoration</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-textDecoration-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Text Decoration</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:extent="385px 82px"/>
@@ -2888,13 +2923,13 @@
</span>
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-textDecoration-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-textDecoration-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Text Decoration</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/textDecoration.png" alt="TTML textDecoration style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-textOutline" id="style-attribute-textOutline"></a>8.2.20 tts:textOutline</h4><p>The <code>tts:textOutline</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-textDecoration-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Text Decoration</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/textDecoration.png" alt="TTML textDecoration style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-textOutline"></a>8.2.20 tts:textOutline</h4><p>The <code>tts:textOutline</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines a text outline effect to apply to glyphs that are selected for glyph areas generated
by content flowed into a region.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-textOutline" id="style-property-details-textOutline"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-textOutline"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>none</code> |
<a href="#style-value-color"><color></a>?
<a href="#style-value-length"><length></a>
@@ -2917,7 +2952,7 @@
without taking into account rasterization effects.</p></div><p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
then a presentation processor must interpret the attribute as if the
value <code>none</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:textOutline</code> style is illustrated by the following
-example.</p><a name="style-attribute-textOutline-example-1" id="style-attribute-textOutline-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Text Outline</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+example.</p><a id="style-attribute-textOutline-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Text Outline</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:backgroundColor="transparent"/>
@@ -2938,13 +2973,13 @@
With gently smiling jaws!
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-textOutline-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-textOutline-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Text Outline</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/textOutline.png" alt="backgroundColor style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-unicodeBidi" id="style-attribute-unicodeBidi"></a>8.2.21 tts:unicodeBidi</h4><p>The <code>tts:unicodeBidi</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-textOutline-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Text Outline</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/textOutline.png" alt="backgroundColor style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-unicodeBidi"></a>8.2.21 tts:unicodeBidi</h4><p>The <code>tts:unicodeBidi</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines a directional embedding or override according to
the Unicode bidirectional algorithm.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-unicodeBidi" id="style-property-details-unicodeBidi"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-unicodeBidi"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>normal</code> |
<code>embed</code> |
<code>bidiOverride</code>
@@ -2957,7 +2992,7 @@
each character child of a <code>p</code> element is considered to be enclosed in an anonymous
span.</p><p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
then a presentation processor must interpret the attribute as if the
-value <code>normal</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:unicodeBidi</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-unicodeBidi-example-1" id="style-attribute-unicodeBidi-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Unicode Bidirectionality</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+value <code>normal</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:unicodeBidi</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-unicodeBidi-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Unicode Bidirectionality</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:extent="265px 84px"/>
@@ -2974,15 +3009,15 @@
<span <span class="strong">tts:unicodeBidi="bidiOverride"</span> tts:direction="rtl">where the tourists snore.</span>
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-unicodeBidi-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-unicodeBidi-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Unicode Bidirectionality</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-unicodeBidi-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Unicode Bidirectionality</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<img src="images/unicodeBidi.png" alt="TTML unicodeBidi style property">
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-visibility" id="style-attribute-visibility"></a>8.2.22 tts:visibility</h4><p>The <code>tts:visibility</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-visibility"></a>8.2.22 tts:visibility</h4><p>The <code>tts:visibility</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines whether generated areas are visible or not when rendered on a visual
presentation medium.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-visibility" id="style-property-details-visibility"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-visibility"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>visible</code> |
<code>hidden</code>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Initial:</em></td><td>
@@ -2998,7 +3033,7 @@
span.</p><p>The <code>tts:visibility</code> style has no affect on content layout or
composition, but merely determines whether composed content is visible or not.</p><p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
then a presentation processor must interpret the attribute as if the
-value <code>visible</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:visibility</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-visibility-example-1" id="style-attribute-visibility-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Visibility</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+value <code>visible</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:visibility</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-visibility-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Visibility</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:extent="398px 121px"/>
@@ -3022,7 +3057,7 @@
</span>
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-visibility-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-visibility-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Visibility</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-visibility-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Visibility</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<img src="images/visibility_0.png" alt="TTML visibility style property - [0,1)">
</td></tr><tr><td>
<img src="images/visibility_1.png" alt="TTML visibility style property - [1,2)">
@@ -3031,12 +3066,12 @@
</td></tr><tr><td>
<img src="images/visibility_3.png" alt="TTML visibility style property - [3,4)">
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-wrapOption" id="style-attribute-wrapOption"></a>8.2.23 tts:wrapOption</h4><p>The <code>tts:wrapOption</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-wrapOption"></a>8.2.23 tts:wrapOption</h4><p>The <code>tts:wrapOption</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines whether or not automatic line wrapping (breaking) applies within the context of
the affected element.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-wrapOption" id="style-property-details-wrapOption"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-wrapOption"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>wrap</code> |
<code>noWrap</code>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Initial:</em></td><td><code>wrap</code></td></tr><tr><td><em>Applies to:</em></td><td>
@@ -3045,7 +3080,7 @@
each character child of a <code>p</code> element is considered to be enclosed in an anonymous
span.</p><p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
then a presentation processor must interpret the attribute as if the
-value <code>wrap</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:wrapOption</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-wrapOption-example-1" id="style-attribute-wrapOption-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Wrap Option</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+value <code>wrap</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:wrapOption</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-wrapOption-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Wrap Option</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:extent="192px 117px"/>
@@ -3063,13 +3098,13 @@
A-sitting on a gate.
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-wrapOption-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-wrapOption-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Wrap Option</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/wrapOption.png" alt="TTML wrapOption style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-writingMode" id="style-attribute-writingMode"></a>8.2.24 tts:writingMode</h4><p>The <code>tts:writingMode</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-wrapOption-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Wrap Option</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/wrapOption.png" alt="TTML wrapOption style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-writingMode"></a>8.2.24 tts:writingMode</h4><p>The <code>tts:writingMode</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines the block and inline progression directions to be used for the purpose of
stacking block and inline areas within a region area.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-writingMode" id="style-property-details-writingMode"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-writingMode"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>lrtb</code> |
<code>rltb</code> |
<code>tbrl</code> |
@@ -3081,7 +3116,7 @@
<a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Inherited:</em></td><td>no</td></tr><tr><td><em>Percentages:</em></td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td><em>Animatable:</em></td><td>discrete</td></tr></tbody></table><p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
then a presentation processor must interpret the attribute as if the
-value <code>lrtb</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:writingMode</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-writingMode-example-1" id="style-attribute-writingMode-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Writing Mode</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+value <code>lrtb</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:writingMode</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-writingMode-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Writing Mode</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:extent="50px 570px"/>
@@ -3108,17 +3143,17 @@
I sometimes search the grassy knolls for the wheels of Hansom-cabs.
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a name="style-attribute-writingMode-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-writingMode-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Writing Mode</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/writingMode.png" alt="TTML writingMode style property"></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In the second paragraph in the above example that targets region
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><a id="style-attribute-writingMode-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Writing Mode</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/writingMode.png" alt="TTML writingMode style property"></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In the second paragraph in the above example that targets region
<code>r2</code>, the <code>tts:unicodeBidi</code> and
<code>tts:direction</code> properties are set to
<code>bidiOverride</code> and <code>rtl</code>, respectively, in order
to override the normally left-to-right directionality of characters in
the Latin script.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-attribute-zIndex" id="style-attribute-zIndex"></a>8.2.25 tts:zIndex</h4><p>The <code>tts:zIndex</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
+<h4><a id="style-attribute-zIndex"></a>8.2.25 tts:zIndex</h4><p>The <code>tts:zIndex</code> attribute is used to specify a style property that
defines the front-to-back ordering of region areas in the case that they overlap.</p><p>This attribute may be specified by any
element type
that permits use of attributes in the TT Style Namespace; however, this attribute applies
-as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a name="style-property-details-zIndex" id="style-property-details-zIndex"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
+as a style property only to those element types indicated in the following table.</p><a id="style-property-details-zIndex"></a><table class="common"><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><em>Values:</em></td><td>
<code>auto</code> |
<a href="#style-value-integer"><integer></a>
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Initial:</em></td><td><code>auto</code></td></tr><tr><td><em>Applies to:</em></td><td>
@@ -3126,12 +3161,11 @@
</td></tr><tr><td><em>Inherited:</em></td><td>no</td></tr><tr><td><em>Percentages:</em></td><td>N/A</td></tr><tr><td><em>Animatable:</em></td><td>discrete</td></tr></tbody></table><p>If two areas are associated with the same Z-index value, then, if those areas
overlap in space, the area(s) generated by lexically subsequent elements must be
rendered over area(s) generated by lexically prior elements, where lexical
-order is defined as the postorder traversal of a document
-instance.</p><p>The semantics of the value <code>auto</code> are those defined by
+order is defined as the postorder traversal of a <em>Document Instance</em>.</p><p>The semantics of the value <code>auto</code> are those defined by
<a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a>, § 7.30.18, where the <code>tt</code> element
is considered to establish the root stacking context.</p><p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
then a presentation processor must interpret the attribute as if the
-value <code>auto</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:zIndex</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="style-attribute-zIndex-example-1" id="style-attribute-zIndex-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Z Index</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+value <code>auto</code> were specified.</p><p>The <code>tts:zIndex</code> style is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="style-attribute-zIndex-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Z Index</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<style tts:origin="0px 0px"/>
@@ -3186,10 +3220,10 @@
And concluded the banquet by...
</p>
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p></p><a name="style-attribute-zIndex-example-1-images" id="style-attribute-zIndex-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Z Index</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/zIndex.png" alt="TTML zIndex style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="styling-style-value-expressions" id="styling-style-value-expressions"></a>8.3 Style Value Expressions</h3><p>Style property values include the use of the following expressions:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#style-value-alpha"><b>8.3.1 <alpha></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-color"><b>8.3.2 <color></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-digit"><b>8.3.3 <digit></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-duration"><b>8.3.4 <duration></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-familyName"><b>8.3.5 <familyName></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-genericFamilyName"><b>8.3.6 <genericFamilyName></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-hexDigit"><b>8.3.7 <hexDigit></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-integer"><b>8.3.8 <integer></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-length"><b>8.3.9 <length></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-namedColor"><b>8.3.10 <namedColor></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-quotedString"><b>8.3.11 <quotedString></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-string"><b>8.3.12 <string></b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-value-alpha" id="style-value-alpha"></a>8.3.1 <alpha></h4><p>An <alpha> expression is used to express an opacity value,
-where 0 means fully transparent and 1 means fully opaque.</p><a name="alpha-style-expression-syntax" id="alpha-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <alpha></caption><tbody><tr><td>
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p></p><a id="style-attribute-zIndex-example-1-images"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Example Rendition – Z Index</caption><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/zIndex.png" alt="TTML zIndex style property"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="div2">
+<h3><a id="styling-style-value-expressions"></a>8.3 Style Value Expressions</h3><p>Style property values include the use of the following expressions:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#style-value-alpha"><b>8.3.1 <alpha></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-color"><b>8.3.2 <color></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-digit"><b>8.3.3 <digit></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-duration"><b>8.3.4 <duration></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-familyName"><b>8.3.5 <familyName></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-genericFamilyName"><b>8.3.6 <genericFamilyName></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-hexDigit"><b>8.3.7 <hexDigit></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-integer"><b>8.3.8 <integer></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-length"><b>8.3.9 <length></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-namedColor"><b>8.3.10 <namedColor></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-quotedString"><b>8.3.11 <quotedString></b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-value-string"><b>8.3.12 <string></b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="style-value-alpha"></a>8.3.1 <alpha></h4><p>An <alpha> expression is used to express an opacity value,
+where 0 means fully transparent and 1 means fully opaque.</p><a id="alpha-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <alpha></caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<alpha>
: <em>float</em>
@@ -3203,11 +3237,11 @@
1.0. The value NaN must be interpreted as 0.0.</p><p>If a presentation processor does not support a specific,
valid opacity value, then it must interpret it as being equal to the
closest supported value.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-value-color" id="style-value-color"></a>8.3.2 <color></h4><p>A <color> expression is used to specify a named color, exact RGB color triple,
+<h4><a id="style-value-color"></a>8.3.2 <color></h4><p>A <color> expression is used to specify a named color, exact RGB color triple,
or exact RGBA color tuple, where the alpha component, if expressed,
is maximum (255) at 100% opacity
and minimum (0) at 0% opacity, and where the applicable color space is
-defined by <a href="#srgb">[SRGB]</a>.</p><a name="color-style-expression-syntax" id="color-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <color></caption><tbody><tr><td>
+defined by <a href="#srgb">[SRGB]</a>.</p><a id="color-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <color></caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<color>
: "#" rrggbb
@@ -3243,13 +3277,13 @@
used here to the YUV color space for rendition on a television device.</p></div><p>If a presentation processor does not support a specific,
valid color or alpha value, then it must interpret it as being equal
to the closest supported value.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-value-digit" id="style-value-digit"></a>8.3.3 <digit></h4><p>A <digit> is used to express integers and other types of numbers or tokens.</p><a name="digit-style-expression-syntax" id="digit-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <digit></caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="style-value-digit"></a>8.3.3 <digit></h4><p>A <digit> is used to express integers and other types of numbers or tokens.</p><a id="digit-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <digit></caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<digit>
: "0" | "1" | "2" | "3" | "4" | "5" | "6" | "7" | "8" | "9"
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-value-duration" id="style-value-duration"></a>8.3.4 <duration></h4><p>A <duration> expression is used to express a temporal duration value.</p><a name="duration-style-expression-syntax" id="duration-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <duration></caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="style-value-duration"></a>8.3.4 <duration></h4><p>A <duration> expression is used to express a temporal duration value.</p><a id="duration-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <duration></caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<duration>
: <a href="#style-value-digit"><digit></a>+ ( "." <a href="#style-value-digit"><digit></a>+ )? metric
@@ -3264,22 +3298,22 @@
<code>discontinuous</code> mode, a duration expression must be
considered to denote a duration in (local) real-time, independently of the
governing time base.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-value-familyName" id="style-value-familyName"></a>8.3.5 <familyName></h4><p>A <familyName> expression specifies a font family name.</p><p>If the name contains a quotation delimiter character,
+<h4><a id="style-value-familyName"></a>8.3.5 <familyName></h4><p>A <familyName> expression specifies a font family name.</p><p>If the name contains a quotation delimiter character,
then it must be expressed as a
<quotedString>. If the name contains a
whitespace character,
then it should be expressed as a
<quotedString>; however, if it is expressed as a <string>, then it
-must not contain a <code>COMMA</code> ',' character.</p><a name="familyName-style-expression-syntax" id="familyName-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <familyName></caption><tbody><tr><td>
+must not contain a <code>COMMA</code> ',' character.</p><a id="familyName-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <familyName></caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<familyName>
: <a href="#style-value-string"><string></a>
| <a href="#style-value-quotedString"><quotedString></a>
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-value-genericFamilyName" id="style-value-genericFamilyName"></a>8.3.6 <genericFamilyName></h4><p>A <genericFamilyName> expression specifies a font family using a general
+<h4><a id="style-value-genericFamilyName"></a>8.3.6 <genericFamilyName></h4><p>A <genericFamilyName> expression specifies a font family using a general
token that indicates a class of font families.</p><p>The resolution of a generic family name to a concrete font instance is considered to
-be implementation dependent, both in the case of content authoring and content interpretation.</p><a name="genericFamilyName-style-expression-syntax" id="genericFamilyName-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <genericFamilyName></caption><tbody><tr><td>
+be implementation dependent, both in the case of content authoring and content interpretation.</p><a id="genericFamilyName-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <genericFamilyName></caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<genericFamilyName>
: "default"
@@ -3302,8 +3336,8 @@
an initial value), then its typographic characteristics is considered to be implementation
dependent; however, it is recommended that this default font family be mapped to
an monospaced, sans-serif font.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-value-hexDigit" id="style-value-hexDigit"></a>8.3.7 <hexDigit></h4><p>A <hexDigit> is used to express integers and other types of numbers or tokens
-that employ base 16 arithmetic.</p><p>For the purpose of parsing, no distinction must be made between lower and upper case.</p><a name="hexDigit-style-expression-syntax" id="hexDigit-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <hexDigit></caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="style-value-hexDigit"></a>8.3.7 <hexDigit></h4><p>A <hexDigit> is used to express integers and other types of numbers or tokens
+that employ base 16 arithmetic.</p><p>For the purpose of parsing, no distinction must be made between lower and upper case.</p><a id="hexDigit-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <hexDigit></caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<hexDigit>
: <a href="#style-value-digit"><digit></a>
@@ -3311,14 +3345,14 @@
| "A" | "B" | "C" | "D" | "E" | "F"
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-value-integer" id="style-value-integer"></a>8.3.8 <integer></h4><p>An <integer> expression is used to express an arbitrary, signed integral value.</p><a name="integer-style-expression-syntax" id="integer-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <integer></caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="style-value-integer"></a>8.3.8 <integer></h4><p>An <integer> expression is used to express an arbitrary, signed integral value.</p><a id="integer-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <integer></caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<integer>
: ( "+" | "-" )? <a href="#style-value-digit"><digit></a>+
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-value-length" id="style-value-length"></a>8.3.9 <length></h4><p>A <length> expression is used to express either a coordinate component of point
-in a cartesian space or a distance between two points in a cartesian space.</p><a name="length-style-expression-syntax" id="length-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <length></caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="style-value-length"></a>8.3.9 <length></h4><p>A <length> expression is used to express either a coordinate component of point
+in a cartesian space or a distance between two points in a cartesian space.</p><a id="length-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <length></caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<length>
: scalar
@@ -3364,8 +3398,8 @@
direction and equal to the block progression dimension of the scaled
font when used to specify lengths in the block progression direction.</p><p>The semantics of the unit of measure <code>c</code> (cell) are
defined by the parameter <a href="#parameter-attribute-cellResolution"><b>6.2.1 ttp:cellResolution</b></a>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-value-namedColor" id="style-value-namedColor"></a>8.3.10 <namedColor></h4><p>A <namedColor> is used to express an RGBA color with a convenient name, and where the applicable color space is
-defined by <a href="#srgb">[SRGB]</a>.</p><p>For the purpose of parsing, no distinction must be made between lower and upper case.</p><a name="namedColor-style-expression-syntax" id="namedColor-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <namedColor></caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="style-value-namedColor"></a>8.3.10 <namedColor></h4><p>A <namedColor> is used to express an RGBA color with a convenient name, and where the applicable color space is
+defined by <a href="#srgb">[SRGB]</a>.</p><p>For the purpose of parsing, no distinction must be made between lower and upper case.</p><a id="namedColor-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <namedColor></caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<namedColor>
: "transparent" // #00000000
@@ -3390,9 +3424,9 @@
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>Except for <code>transparent</code>, the set of named colors specified above constitutes a proper
subset of the set of named colors specified by <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, § 4.2.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-value-quotedString" id="style-value-quotedString"></a>8.3.11 <quotedString></h4><p>A <quotedString> is used to express a delimited string that may contain
+<h4><a id="style-value-quotedString"></a>8.3.11 <quotedString></h4><p>A <quotedString> is used to express a delimited string that may contain
a whitespace or a quotation delimiter character. Two types of quotation delimiters
-are provided in order to accommodate strings that contain the other delimiter.</p><a name="quotedString-style-expression-syntax" id="quotedString-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <quotedString></caption><tbody><tr><td>
+are provided in order to accommodate strings that contain the other delimiter.</p><a id="quotedString-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <quotedString></caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<quotedString>
: "\"" ( <em>char</em> - { "\"" } )* "\""
@@ -3401,8 +3435,8 @@
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>In the above syntax representation, the syntactic element <em><code>char</code></em> must adhere to production
[2] <code>Char</code> as defined by <a href="#xml10">[XML 1.0]</a> §
2.2.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="style-value-string" id="style-value-string"></a>8.3.12 <string></h4><p>A <string> expression consists of a sequence of characters where no character
-is a quotation delimiter character.</p><a name="string-style-expression-syntax" id="string-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <string></caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="style-value-string"></a>8.3.12 <string></h4><p>A <string> expression consists of a sequence of characters where no character
+is a quotation delimiter character.</p><a id="string-style-expression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <string></caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<string>
: ( <em>char</em> - { "\"" | "\'" } )+
@@ -3410,20 +3444,20 @@
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>In the above syntax representation, the syntactic element <em><code>char</code></em> must adhere to production
[2] <code>Char</code> as defined by <a href="#xml10">[XML 1.0]</a> §
2.2.</p></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="semantics-style-resolution" id="semantics-style-resolution"></a>8.4 Style Resolution</h3><p>This section defines the semantics of style resolution in terms of
+<h3><a id="semantics-style-resolution"></a>8.4 Style Resolution</h3><p>This section defines the semantics of style resolution in terms of
a standard processing model as follows:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#semantics-style-association"><b>8.4.1 Style Association</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#semantics-style-inheritance"><b>8.4.2 Style Inheritance</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#semantics-style-resolution-value-categories"><b>8.4.3 Style Resolution Value Categories</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#semantics-style-resolution-processing"><b>8.4.4 Style Resolution Processing</b></a></p></li></ul><p>Any implementation of this model is permitted provided that the
externally observable results are consistent with the results produced
by this model.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The semantics of style resolution employed here are based upon
<a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a>, § 5.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="semantics-style-association" id="semantics-style-association"></a>8.4.1 Style Association</h4><p>Style association is a sub-process of <a href="#semantics-style-resolution-processing"><b>8.4.4 Style Resolution Processing</b></a> used to determine the
+<h4><a id="semantics-style-association"></a>8.4.1 Style Association</h4><p>Style association is a sub-process of <a href="#semantics-style-resolution-processing"><b>8.4.4 Style Resolution Processing</b></a> used to determine the
specified style set of each content and
layout element.</p><p>Style matter may be associated with content
and layout matter in a number of ways:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#semantics-style-association-inline">inline styling</a></p></li><li><p><a href="#semantics-style-association-referential">referential styling</a></p></li><li><p><a href="#semantics-style-association-chained-referential">chained referential styling</a></p></li></ul><p>In addition to the above, style matter may be associated with layout matter using:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#semantics-style-association-nested">nested styling</a></p></li></ul><div class="div4">
-<h5><a name="semantics-style-association-inline" id="semantics-style-association-inline"></a>8.4.1.1 Inline Styling</h5><p>Style properties may be expressed in an inline manner by direct
+<h5><a id="semantics-style-association-inline"></a>8.4.1.1 Inline Styling</h5><p>Style properties may be expressed in an inline manner by direct
specification of an attribute from the TT Style Namespace on the
affected element. When expressed in this manner, the association of
style information is referred to as <em>inline styling</em>.</p><p>Style properties associated by inline styling are afforded a higher priority than all other
-forms of style association.</p><a name="style-association-example-1" id="style-association-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Inline Styling</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+forms of style association.</p><a id="style-association-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Inline Styling</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<p <span class="strong">tts:color="white"</span>>White 1 <span <span class="strong">tts:color="yellow"</span>>Yellow</span> White 2</p>
</pre></div>
@@ -3431,7 +3465,7 @@
<code>" White 2"</code>, which are interpreted as anonymous spans, are not
associated with a color style property; rather, they inherit their color style
from their parent <code>p</code> element as described in <a href="#semantics-style-inheritance-content"><b>8.4.2.1 Content Style Inheritance</b></a> below. </p></div></div><div class="div4">
-<h5><a name="semantics-style-association-referential" id="semantics-style-association-referential"></a>8.4.1.2 Referential Styling</h5><p>Style properties may be expressed in an out-of-line manner and referenced by the
+<h5><a id="semantics-style-association-referential"></a>8.4.1.2 Referential Styling</h5><p>Style properties may be expressed in an out-of-line manner and referenced by the
affected element using the <code>style</code> attribute. When expressed in this manner,
the association of style information is referred to as <em>referential styling</em>.</p><p>If a <code>style</code> attribute specifies multiple references, then those references are
evaluated in the specified order, and that order applies to resolution of the value of a
@@ -3441,7 +3475,7 @@
element that is a descendant of a <code>layout</code> element.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The use of referential styling encourages the reuse of style specifications while
sacrificing locality of reference.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>A single content element may be associated with style properties by a hybrid mixture of
inline and referential styling, in which case inline styling is given priority as described above
-by <a href="#semantics-style-association-inline"><b>8.4.1.1 Inline Styling</b></a>.</p></div><a name="style-association-example-2" id="style-association-example-2"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Referential Styling</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+by <a href="#semantics-style-association-inline"><b>8.4.1.1 Inline Styling</b></a>.</p></div><a id="style-association-example-2"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Referential Styling</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<style <span class="strong">xml:id="s1"</span> tts:color="white"/>
<style <span class="strong">xml:id="s2"</span> tts:color="yellow"/>
@@ -3452,7 +3486,7 @@
<code>" White 2"</code>, which are interpreted as anonymous spans, are not
associated with a color style property; rather, they inherit their color style
from their parent <code>p</code> element as described in <a href="#semantics-style-inheritance-content"><b>8.4.2.1 Content Style Inheritance</b></a> below.</p></div></div><div class="div4">
-<h5><a name="semantics-style-association-chained-referential" id="semantics-style-association-chained-referential"></a>8.4.1.3 Chained Referential Styling</h5><p>Style properties may be expressed in an out-of-line manner and may themselves reference
+<h5><a id="semantics-style-association-chained-referential"></a>8.4.1.3 Chained Referential Styling</h5><p>Style properties may be expressed in an out-of-line manner and may themselves reference
other out-of-line style properties, thus creating a chain of references starting at the
affected element. When expressed in this manner, the association of style information
is referred to as <em>chained referential styling</em>.</p><p>If the same style property is specified in more than one referenced
@@ -3471,7 +3505,7 @@
element that is a descendant of a <code>layout</code> element.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The use of chained referential styling encourages the grouping of style specifications
into general and specific sets, which further aids in style specification reuse.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>A single content element may be associated with style properties by a hybrid mixture of
inline, referential styling, and chained referential styling, in which case inline styling is
-given priority as described above by <a href="#semantics-style-association-inline"><b>8.4.1.1 Inline Styling</b></a>.</p></div><a name="style-association-example-3" id="style-association-example-3"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Chained Referential Styling</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+given priority as described above by <a href="#semantics-style-association-inline"><b>8.4.1.1 Inline Styling</b></a>.</p></div><a id="style-association-example-3"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Chained Referential Styling</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<style <span class="strong">xml:id="s1"</span> tts:color="white" tts:fontFamily="monospaceSerif"/>
<style <span class="strong">xml:id="s2"</span> <span class="strong">style="s1"</span> tts:color="yellow"/>
@@ -3480,11 +3514,11 @@
<p <span class="strong">style="s2"</span>>Yellow Monospace</p>
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div4">
-<h5><a name="semantics-style-association-nested" id="semantics-style-association-nested"></a>8.4.1.4 Nested Styling</h5><p>Style properties may be expressed in an nested manner by direct specification of one or
+<h5><a id="semantics-style-association-nested"></a>8.4.1.4 Nested Styling</h5><p>Style properties may be expressed in an nested manner by direct specification of one or
more <code>style</code> element children of the affected element.
When expressed in this manner, the association of style information
is referred to as <em>nested styling</em>.</p><p>Style properties associated by nested styling are afforded a lower priority than inline
-styling but with higher priority than referential styling.</p><a name="style-association-example-4" id="style-association-example-4"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Nested Styling</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+styling but with higher priority than referential styling.</p><a id="style-association-example-4"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Nested Styling</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region xml:id="r1">
<span class="strong"><style tts:extent="128px 66px"/></span>
@@ -3494,16 +3528,16 @@
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In this version of this specification, nested styling applies only
to the <code>region</code> element.</p></div></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="semantics-style-inheritance" id="semantics-style-inheritance"></a>8.4.2 Style Inheritance</h4><p>Style inheritance is a sub-process of <a href="#semantics-style-resolution-processing"><b>8.4.4 Style Resolution Processing</b></a> used to determine the
+<h4><a id="semantics-style-inheritance"></a>8.4.2 Style Inheritance</h4><p>Style inheritance is a sub-process of <a href="#semantics-style-resolution-processing"><b>8.4.4 Style Resolution Processing</b></a> used to determine the
specified style set of each content and
layout element.</p><p>Styles are further propagated to content matter
using:
</p><ul><li><p><a href="#semantics-style-inheritance-content">content style inheritance</a></p></li><li><p><a href="#semantics-style-inheritance-content">region style inheritance</a></p></li></ul><p>For the purpose of determining inherited styles, the element hierarchy of
-an intermediate synchronic document form of a TTML document instance must be used, where
+an intermediate synchronic document form of a <em>Document Instance</em> must be used, where
such intermediate forms are defined by <a href="#semantics-region-layout-step-1"><b>9.3.2 Intermediate Synchronic Document Construction</b></a>.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The intermediate synchronic document form is utilized rather than
the original form in order to facilitate region inheritance
processing.</p></div><div class="div4">
-<h5><a name="semantics-style-inheritance-content" id="semantics-style-inheritance-content"></a>8.4.2.1 Content Style Inheritance</h5><p>Style properties are inherited from ancestor content elements
+<h5><a id="semantics-style-inheritance-content"></a>8.4.2.1 Content Style Inheritance</h5><p>Style properties are inherited from ancestor content elements
within an intermediate synchronic document
if a style property is not associated with a content element (or
an anonymous span) and the style property is designated as
@@ -3511,7 +3545,7 @@
be the value of the same named style property in the computed
style set of the
element's immediate ancestor element
-within the applicable intermediate synchronic document.</p><a name="style-inheritance-example-2" id="style-inheritance-example-2"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Content Style Inheritance</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+within the applicable intermediate synchronic document.</p><a id="style-inheritance-example-2"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Content Style Inheritance</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<p <span class="strong">tts:fontFamily="monospaceSansSerif"</span>>
<span tts:color="yellow">Yellow Monospace</span>
@@ -3527,7 +3561,7 @@
specified
style
set of the <code>span</code> element.</p></div></div><div class="div4">
-<h5><a name="semantics-style-inheritance-region" id="semantics-style-inheritance-region"></a>8.4.2.2 Region Style Inheritance</h5><p>Style properties are inherited from a region element in the following case:</p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>if a style property <em>P</em> is not associated with
+<h5><a id="semantics-style-inheritance-region"></a>8.4.2.2 Region Style Inheritance</h5><p>Style properties are inherited from a region element in the following case:</p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>if a style property <em>P</em> is not associated with
a content
element or an anonymous span <em>E</em> and the style
property is designated as inheritable, and</p></li><li><p>if that
@@ -3535,7 +3569,7 @@
set of region
<em>R</em>,
and</p></li><li><p>if that element <em>E</em> is flowed into (presented within) region
-<em>R</em>.</p></li></ol><a name="style-inheritance-example-3" id="style-inheritance-example-3"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Region Style Inheritance</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<em>R</em>.</p></li></ol><a id="style-inheritance-example-3"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Region Style Inheritance</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region <span class="strong">xml:id="r1"</span>>
<style tts:color="yellow"/>
@@ -3548,14 +3582,14 @@
items <code>Yellow Monospace</code> effectively inherits the <code>tts:color</code>
and <code>tts:fontFamily</code> styles specified on the <code>region</code>
element into which the <code>p</code> element is flowed (presented).</p></div></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="semantics-style-resolution-value-categories" id="semantics-style-resolution-value-categories"></a>8.4.3 Style Resolution Value Categories</h4><p>During style resolution, layout, and presentation processing,
+<h4><a id="semantics-style-resolution-value-categories"></a>8.4.3 Style Resolution Value Categories</h4><p>During style resolution, layout, and presentation processing,
three categories of style property values are distinguished as
follows:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#semantics-style-resolved-value-category-specified">specified values</a></p></li><li><p><a href="#semantics-style-resolved-value-category-computed">computed values</a></p></li><li><p><a href="#semantics-style-resolved-value-category-actual">actual values</a></p></li></ul><div class="div4">
-<h5><a name="semantics-style-resolved-value-category-specified" id="semantics-style-resolved-value-category-specified"></a>8.4.3.1 Specified Values</h5><p>Values of style properties that are associated with or inherited
+<h5><a id="semantics-style-resolved-value-category-specified"></a>8.4.3.1 Specified Values</h5><p>Values of style properties that are associated with or inherited
by an element or anonymous span are referred to as <em>specified values</em>. The
set of all specified style properties of a given element is referred to
as the <em>specified style set</em> of that element.</p></div><div class="div4">
-<h5><a name="semantics-style-resolved-value-category-computed" id="semantics-style-resolved-value-category-computed"></a>8.4.3.2 Computed Values</h5><p>When style properties are specified using relative value expressions,
+<h5><a id="semantics-style-resolved-value-category-computed"></a>8.4.3.2 Computed Values</h5><p>When style properties are specified using relative value expressions,
such as a named color, a relative unit (e.g., cell), or a percentage, then
they need to be further resolved into absolute units, such as an RGB triple,
pixels, etc.</p><p>During the style resolution process, all specified style values are
@@ -3568,7 +3602,7 @@
such as percentage, require evaluating the expression in the immediate
(local) context of reference, and not in a distant (remote) context of
reference where the related (resolving) expression is not available.</p></div><div class="div4">
-<h5><a name="semantics-style-resolved-value-category-actual" id="semantics-style-resolved-value-category-actual"></a>8.4.3.3 Actual Values</h5><p>During the actual presentation process, other transformations occur
+<h5><a id="semantics-style-resolved-value-category-actual"></a>8.4.3.3 Actual Values</h5><p>During the actual presentation process, other transformations occur
that map some value expressions to concrete, physical values. For example,
the colors of computed style values are further subjected to closest color
approximation and gamma correction
@@ -3588,16 +3622,16 @@
to actual style set values; as a consequence, no further use or reference
to actual values is made below when formally describing the style
resolution process.</p></div></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="semantics-style-resolution-processing" id="semantics-style-resolution-processing"></a>8.4.4 Style Resolution Processing</h4><p>The process of style resolution is defined herein as the procedure
+<h4><a id="semantics-style-resolution-processing"></a>8.4.4 Style Resolution Processing</h4><p>The process of style resolution is defined herein as the procedure
(and results thereof) for resolving (determining) the computed values
of all style properties that apply to content and layout elements:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#semantics-style-resolution-processing-definitions"><b>8.4.4.1 Conceptual Definitions</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#semantics-style-resolution-processing-sss"><b>8.4.4.2 Specified Style Set Processing</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#semantics-style-resolution-processing-css"><b>8.4.4.3 Computed Style Set Processing</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#semantics-style-resolution-process-overall"><b>8.4.4.4 Style Resolution Process</b></a></p></li></ul><p>The process described here forms an integral sub-process of
<a href="#semantics-region-layout"><b>9.3 Region Layout and Presentation</b></a>.</p><div class="div4">
-<h5><a name="semantics-style-resolution-processing-definitions" id="semantics-style-resolution-processing-definitions"></a>8.4.4.1 Conceptual Definitions</h5><p>For the purpose of interpreting the style resolution processing
+<h5><a id="semantics-style-resolution-processing-definitions"></a>8.4.4.1 Conceptual Definitions</h5><p>For the purpose of interpreting the style resolution processing
model specified below, the following conceptual definitions apply:</p><dl><dt class="label">[style property]</dt><dd><p>a style property, <em>P</em>, is considered to consist of a
tuple <code>[name, value]</code>, where the name of the
property is a tuple <code>[namespace value,
unqualified name]</code> and the value of the property is a
-tuple <code>[category, type, value expression]</code></p><a name="conceptual-definition-example-style-property" id="conceptual-definition-example-style-property"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – conceptual style property</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+tuple <code>[category, type, value expression]</code></p><a id="conceptual-definition-example-style-property"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – conceptual style property</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
[
["http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#styling", "color"],
@@ -3609,7 +3643,7 @@
identical name, where by "identical name" is meant equality of
namespace value of name tuple and unqualified name of name tuple;</p><p>in a specified style (property) set, the category of each style
property is "specified"; a specified style (property) set of an
-element <em>E</em> is referred to as <em>SSS(E)</em>;</p><a name="conceptual-definition-example-specified-style-set" id="conceptual-definition-example-specified-style-set"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – conceptual (specified) style (property) set</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+element <em>E</em> is referred to as <em>SSS(E)</em>;</p><a id="conceptual-definition-example-specified-style-set"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – conceptual (specified) style (property) set</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
{
[
@@ -3632,7 +3666,7 @@
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>in a computed style (property) set, the category of each style
property is either "specified" or "computed"; a computed style (property) set of an element
-<em>E</em> is referred to as <em>CSS(E)</em>;</p><a name="conceptual-definition-example-computed-style-set" id="conceptual-definition-example-computed-style-set"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – conceptual (computed) style (property) set</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<em>E</em> is referred to as <em>CSS(E)</em>;</p><a id="conceptual-definition-example-computed-style-set"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – conceptual (computed) style (property) set</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
{
[
@@ -3665,7 +3699,7 @@
follows: for each style property <em>P<sub>new</sub></em> in
<em>SS<sub>new</sub></em>, merge <em>P<sub>new</sub></em> into
<em>SS<sub>old</sub></em>;</p></dd></dl></div><div class="div4">
-<h5><a name="semantics-style-resolution-processing-sss" id="semantics-style-resolution-processing-sss"></a>8.4.4.2 Specified Style Set Processing</h5><p>The specified style set <em>SSS</em> of an element or
+<h5><a id="semantics-style-resolution-processing-sss"></a>8.4.4.2 Specified Style Set Processing</h5><p>The specified style set <em>SSS</em> of an element or
anonymous span <em>E</em>,
<em>SSS(E)</em>, is determined according to the following ordered
rules:</p><ol class="enumar"><li><p><span class="strong">[initialization]</span> initialize
@@ -3710,7 +3744,7 @@
<em>CSS(PARENT(E))</em>;</p></li><li><p>if the value of <em>P′</em> is not undefined, then merge
<em>P′</em> into the specified style set of <em>E</em>,
<em>SSS(E)</em>.</p></li></ol></li></ol></div><div class="div4">
-<h5><a name="semantics-style-resolution-processing-css" id="semantics-style-resolution-processing-css"></a>8.4.4.3 Computed Style Set Processing</h5><p>The computed style set <em>CSS</em> of an element or
+<h5><a id="semantics-style-resolution-processing-css"></a>8.4.4.3 Computed Style Set Processing</h5><p>The computed style set <em>CSS</em> of an element or
anonymous span <em>E</em>,
<em>CSS(E)</em>, is determined according to the following ordered
rules:</p><ol class="enumar"><li><p><span class="strong">[resolve specified styles]</span>
@@ -3733,7 +3767,7 @@
context of a layout or content element which has a presentation
context, and not in the non-presentation, declaration context
of a referentiable <code>style</code> element.</p></div></div><div class="div4">
-<h5><a name="semantics-style-resolution-process-overall" id="semantics-style-resolution-process-overall"></a>8.4.4.4 Style Resolution Process</h5><p>The top-level style resolution process is defined as follows: using
+<h5><a id="semantics-style-resolution-process-overall"></a>8.4.4.4 Style Resolution Process</h5><p>The top-level style resolution process is defined as follows: using
a preorder traversal of each element and anonymous span,
<em>E</em>, of an intermediate synchronic document,
<em>DOC<sub>inter</sub></em>, perform the following ordered
@@ -3746,7 +3780,7 @@
determine (obtain) the computed style set <em>CSS</em> of
<em>E</em>, namely, <em>CSS(E)</em>, in accordance with
<a href="#semantics-style-resolution-processing-css"><b>8.4.4.3 Computed Style Set Processing</b></a>.</p></li></ol></div></div></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="layout" id="layout"></a>9 Layout</h2><p>This section specifies the <em>layout</em> matter of the core
+<h2><a id="layout"></a>9 Layout</h2><p>This section specifies the <em>layout</em> matter of the core
vocabulary catalog, where
layout is to be understood as a separable layer of information that applies to
content and that denotes authorial intentions about the presentation of
@@ -3758,12 +3792,12 @@
exists – use of referential styling –
in which the style
matter is not embedded (inlined).</p></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="layout-element-vocabulary" id="layout-element-vocabulary"></a>9.1 Layout Element Vocabulary</h3><p>The following elements specify the structure and principal layout aspects of a
-document instance:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#layout-vocabulary-layout"><b>9.1.1 layout</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><b>9.1.2 region</b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="layout-vocabulary-layout" id="layout-vocabulary-layout"></a>9.1.1 layout</h4><p>The <code>layout</code> element is a container element used to group
+<h3><a id="layout-element-vocabulary"></a>9.1 Layout Element Vocabulary</h3><p>The following elements specify the structure and principal layout aspects of a
+<em>Document Instance</em>:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#layout-vocabulary-layout"><b>9.1.1 layout</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><b>9.1.2 region</b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="layout-vocabulary-layout"></a>9.1.1 layout</h4><p>The <code>layout</code> element is a container element used to group
layout matter, including metadata that applies to layout matter.</p><p>The <code>layout</code> element accepts as its children zero or more
elements in the <code>Metadata.class</code> element group, followed by
-zero or more <code>region</code> elements.</p><a name="elt-syntax-layout" id="elt-syntax-layout"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: layout</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+zero or more <code>region</code> elements.</p><a id="elt-syntax-layout"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: layout</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<layout
<a href="#content-attribute-id">xml:id</a> = ID
@@ -3776,7 +3810,7 @@
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>To the extent that time semantics apply to the content of the
<code>layout</code> element, the implied time interval of this element is
defined to be coterminous with the <em>Root Temporal Extent</em>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="layout-vocabulary-region" id="layout-vocabulary-region"></a>9.1.2 region</h4><p>The <code>region</code> element is used to define a space or area into which content is
+<h4><a id="layout-vocabulary-region"></a>9.1.2 region</h4><p>The <code>region</code> element is used to define a space or area into which content is
to be flowed for the purpose of presentation.</p><p>In addition, and in accordance with
<a href="#semantics-style-inheritance-region"><b>8.4.2.2 Region Style Inheritance</b></a>,
the <code>region</code> element may be used to specify inheritable style properties to be
@@ -3791,7 +3825,7 @@
element group apply semantically to the <code>region</code> element.
Any <code>style</code> child element must be considered a local style
definition that applies only to the containing <code>region</code>
-element, i.e., does not apply for resolving referential styling.</p><a name="elt-syntax-region" id="elt-syntax-region"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: region</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+element, i.e., does not apply for resolving referential styling.</p><a id="elt-syntax-region"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: region</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<region
<a href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><timeExpression></a>
@@ -3815,7 +3849,7 @@
If specified, these begin and end points are relative to the time
interval of the nearest ancestor element associated with a time
interval, irregardless of whether that interval is explicit or implied.</p><p>The nearest ancestor element of a <code>region</code> element that is associated
-with a time interval is the document instance's root <code>tt</code> element.</p><p>If a <code>dur</code> attribute is specified on the <code>region</code> element, then it
+with a time interval is the <em>Document Instance</em>'s root <code>tt</code> element.</p><p>If a <code>dur</code> attribute is specified on the <code>region</code> element, then it
specifies the simple duration of the region.</p><p>For the purpose of determining the semantics of presentation processing, a
region that is temporally inactive must not produce any visible marks when
presented on a visual medium.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>A <code>region</code> element may be associated with a time interval for two
@@ -3836,33 +3870,32 @@
by this attribute expresses the semantic role(s) of the region
independently from the semantic role(s) of any content targeted to
(associated with) the region.</p></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="layout-attribute-vocabulary" id="layout-attribute-vocabulary"></a>9.2 Layout Attribute Vocabulary</h3><p>This section defines the <a href="#layout-attribute-region"><b>9.2.1 region</b></a> attribute used with content elements.</p><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="layout-attribute-region" id="layout-attribute-region"></a>9.2.1 region</h4><p>The <code>region</code> attribute is used to reference a <code>region</code>
+<h3><a id="layout-attribute-vocabulary"></a>9.2 Layout Attribute Vocabulary</h3><p>This section defines the <a href="#layout-attribute-region"><b>9.2.1 region</b></a> attribute used with content elements.</p><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="layout-attribute-region"></a>9.2.1 region</h4><p>The <code>region</code> attribute is used to reference a <code>region</code>
element which defines a space or area into which a content element is intended to be flowed.</p><p>The <code>region</code> attribute may be specified by an instance of the following
element types:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><code>body</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-div"><code>div</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-p"><code>p</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-span"><code>span</code></a></p></li></ul><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>See <a href="#semantics-region-layout"><b>9.3 Region Layout and Presentation</b></a> below for further information on content
flow in a region.</p></div></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="semantics-region-layout" id="semantics-region-layout"></a>9.3 Region Layout and Presentation</h3><p>This section defines the semantics of region layout and
+<h3><a id="semantics-region-layout"></a>9.3 Region Layout and Presentation</h3><p>This section defines the semantics of region layout and
presentation in terms of a standard processing model as
follows:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#semantics-default-region"><b>9.3.1 Default Region</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#semantics-region-layout-step-1"><b>9.3.2 Intermediate Synchronic Document Construction</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#semantics-region-layout-step-2"><b>9.3.3 Synchronic Flow Processing</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#semantics-region-layout-example"><b>9.3.4 Elaborated Example (Informative)</b></a></p></li></ul><p>Any
implementation is permitted provided that the externally observable
results are consistent with the results produced by this model.
</p><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="semantics-default-region" id="semantics-default-region"></a>9.3.1 Default Region</h4><p>If a TTML document instance does not specify a
+<h4><a id="semantics-default-region"></a>9.3.1 Default Region</h4><p>If a <em>Document Instance</em> does not specify a
<a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element,
then a <em>default region</em> is implied with the following characteristics:</p><ul><li><p>the identity of the default region is considered to be anonymous;</p></li><li><p>the extent of the default region is the same as the root container
region;</p></li><li><p>the temporal interval of the default region is the same as temporal
-interval of the document instance;</p></li></ul><p>Furthermore, if no <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element was
+interval of the <em>Document Instance</em>;</p></li></ul><p>Furthermore, if no <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element was
specified, then the <a href="#layout-attribute-region"><code>region</code></a> attribute must
-not be specified on any content element in the document
-instance.</p><p>If a default region is implied for a given document instance, then
+not be specified on any content element in the <em>Document Instance</em>.</p><p>If a default region is implied for a given <em>Document Instance</em>, then
the <a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><code>body</code></a> element
-is implicitly targeted to (associated with) the default region.</p><p>When implying a default region, the document instance is to be
+is implicitly targeted to (associated with) the default region.</p><p>When implying a default region, the <em>Document Instance</em> is to be
treated as if a <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element and its
parent <a href="#layout-vocabulary-layout"><code>layout</code></a>
element were specified in a <a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-head"><code>head</code></a>
element, and a matching <a href="#layout-attribute-region"><code>region</code></a> attribute were
specified on the <a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><code>body</code></a> element
-as shown in the following example:</p><a name="semantics-default-region-example" id="semantics-default-region-example"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Implied Default Region</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+as shown in the following example:</p><a id="semantics-default-region-example"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Implied Default Region</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<tt xml:lang="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml">
<head>
@@ -3876,11 +3909,10 @@
</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In the above example, a default <code>region</code> element and <code>region</code>
attribute are implied. In addition, a <code>layout</code> container element is implied for
the implied <code>region</code> element.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="semantics-region-layout-step-1" id="semantics-region-layout-step-1"></a>9.3.2 Intermediate Synchronic Document Construction</h4><p>For the purposes of performing presentation processing, the active time
-duration of a document instance is divided into a sequence of time coordinates where at
+<h4><a id="semantics-region-layout-step-1"></a>9.3.2 Intermediate Synchronic Document Construction</h4><p>For the purposes of performing presentation processing, the active time
+duration of a <em>Document Instance</em> is divided into a sequence of time coordinates where at
each time coordinate, some element becomes temporally active or inactive,
-then, at each such time coordinate, a document
-instance is mapped from its original, source
+then, at each such time coordinate, a <em>Document Instance</em> is mapped from its original, source
form, <em>DOC<sub>source</sub></em> ,
to an intermediate
synchronic document form,
@@ -3911,16 +3943,16 @@
<a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element),
then the element is associated with the default region;</p></li><li><p>the element is not associated with any region.</p></li></ol><p>The result of performing the processing described above will be a sequence of
<em>N</em> intermediate synchronic
-document instances,
+<em>Document Instances</em>,
<em>DOC<sub><span>inter<sub>0</sub></span></sub></em> …
<em>DOC<sub><span>inter<sub>N−1</sub></span></sub></em>.</p><div class="note" id="semantics-smooth-scrolling-recommendation"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>Where an implementation is able to detect significant similarity between two
-adjacent synchronic document instances,
+adjacent synchronic <em>Document Instances</em>,
<em>DOC<sub><span>inter<sub>N</sub></span></sub></em>
<em>DOC<sub><span>inter<sub>N−1</sub></span></sub></em>,
then it is preferred that the implementation make the transition between
presenting the two instances as smooth as possible, e.g., as described
by <a href="#cea608c">[CEA-608-C]</a>, § C.3.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="semantics-region-layout-step-2" id="semantics-region-layout-step-2"></a>9.3.3 Synchronic Flow Processing</h4><p>Subsequent to performing a temporal (synchronic) slice and subsequent
+<h4><a id="semantics-region-layout-step-2"></a>9.3.3 Synchronic Flow Processing</h4><p>Subsequent to performing a temporal (synchronic) slice and subsequent
remapping of regionally selected content hierarchy, the resulting intermediate
synchronic document is subjected to a flow transformation step that produces
a rooted flow object tree represented as an XSL FO document instance as defined by <a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a>,
@@ -3954,7 +3986,7 @@
associated with a <code>tts:display</code> style property with the value
<code>none</code>, map the element to a distinct <code>fo:block</code> element,
populating the style properties of <code>fo:block</code> by using the computed
-style set associated with each original TTML content element;</p></li><li><p>for the resulting <code>fo:block</code> formatting object
+style set associated with each original TTML Content element;</p></li><li><p>for the resulting <code>fo:block</code> formatting object
produced in the previous step that corresponds to the <code>body</code>
element, perform the following ordered sub-steps:</p><ol class="enumla"><li><p>if the <code>display-align</code> style property of this <code>fo:block</code>
has the value <code>center</code> or <code>after</code>,
@@ -3981,7 +4013,7 @@
map the element or
sequence of character items to a distinct <code>fo:inline</code> element,
populating the style properties of <code>fo:inline</code> by using the computed
-style set associated with each original TTML content element
+style set associated with each original TTML Content element
or anonymous span;</p></li><li><p>for each <code>br</code> element that is not
associated with a <code>tts:display</code> style property with the value
<code>none</code>, map the element to
@@ -3989,7 +4021,7 @@
properties:</p><ul><li><p><code>character="&#x000A;"</code></p></li><li><p><code>suppress-at-line-break="retain"</code></p></li></ul></li><li><p>for each TTML style property attribute in some computed
style set that
has no counterpart in <a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a>, map that attribute directly through
-to the relevant formatting object produced by the input TTML content element to
+to the relevant formatting object produced by the input TTML Content element to
which the style property applies;</p></li><li><p>optionally, synthesize a unique <code>id</code> attribute on each resulting
formatting object element that relates that element to the input element that
resulted in that formatting object element;</p></li></ol><p>For each resulting document instance F, if processing requires presentation on a
@@ -4001,7 +4033,7 @@
reference to the sole generated <code>fo:simple-page-master</code>
element, would correspond to the <em>root container region</em> defined
above in <a href="#definitions"><b>2 Definitions</b></a>.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>Due to the possible presence of TTML style properties or style property values
-in a given TTML document instance for which there is no <a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a> counterpart,
+in a given <em>Document Instance</em> for which there is no <a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a> counterpart,
Implementors should recognize that it is the layout model of <a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a> that is being referenced
by this specification, not the requirement to use a compliant <a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a> formatting processor,
since such would not necessarily be sufficient to satisfy the full presentation semantics
@@ -4014,7 +4046,7 @@
to satisfy alignment in the block progression dimension. For example, this assures that
the background color associated with the <code>body</code> element, if not <code>transparent</code>,
will fill the containing region wholly.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="semantics-region-layout-example" id="semantics-region-layout-example"></a>9.3.4 Elaborated Example (Informative)</h4><p>An example of the processing steps described above is elaborated below, starting with <a href="#region-mapping-example-1-s"><b>Example – Sample Source Document</b></a>.</p><a name="region-mapping-example-1-s" id="region-mapping-example-1-s"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Sample Source Document</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="semantics-region-layout-example"></a>9.3.4 Elaborated Example (Informative)</h4><p>An example of the processing steps described above is elaborated below, starting with <a href="#region-mapping-example-1-s"><b>Example – Sample Source Document</b></a>.</p><a id="region-mapping-example-1-s"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Sample Source Document</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre><tt tts:extent="640px 480px" xml:lang="en"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml"
xmlns:tts="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#styling">
@@ -4061,9 +4093,9 @@
the (and, in this case, anonymous) spans reparented into the regions.</p><p>The following, first intermediate document shows the synchronic state at time
interval [0,1), during which time only division <code>d1</code> is temporally active,
and where paragraphs <code>p1</code> and <code>p2</code> (and their ancestors)
-are selected into regions <code>r1</code> and <code>r2</code>, respectively.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The intermediate documents shown below are not valid TTML document instances,
+are selected into regions <code>r1</code> and <code>r2</code>, respectively.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The intermediate documents shown below are not valid <em>Document Instances</em>,
but rather, are representations of possible internal processing states used for
-didactic purposes.</p></div><a name="region-mapping-example-1-i0" id="region-mapping-example-1-i0"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Intermediate Document – [0s,1s)</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+didactic purposes.</p></div><a id="region-mapping-example-1-i0"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Intermediate Document – [0s,1s)</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre><tt tts:extent="640px 480px" xml:lang="en"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml"
xmlns:tts="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#styling">
@@ -4108,7 +4140,7 @@
An XSL FO document instance that would yield rendering consistent with TTML, and
which may be produced by performing flow processing upon the first intermediate
document is illustrated below.
-</p><a name="region-mapping-example-1-f0" id="region-mapping-example-1-f0"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – XSL FO Document – [0s,1s)</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+</p><a id="region-mapping-example-1-f0"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – XSL FO Document – [0s,1s)</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre><fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format">
<fo:layout-master-set>
<fo:simple-page-master master-name="m1"
@@ -4179,7 +4211,7 @@
<code>d2</code> are temporally active, and where paragraphs <code>p1</code> and
<code>p4</code> (and their ancestors) are selected into region <code>r1</code>
and paragraphs <code>p2</code> and <code>p3</code> (and their ancestors) are
-selected into region <code>r2</code>.</p><a name="region-mapping-example-1-i1" id="region-mapping-example-1-i1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Intermediate Document – [1s,2s)</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+selected into region <code>r2</code>.</p><a id="region-mapping-example-1-i1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Intermediate Document – [1s,2s)</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre><tt tts:extent="640px 480px" xml:lang="en"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml"
xmlns:tts="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#styling">
@@ -4228,7 +4260,7 @@
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The following, third intermediate document shows the synchronic state at time
interval [2,3), at which time only division <code>d2</code> is temporally active,
and where paragraphs <code>p4</code> and <code>p3</code> (and their ancestors)
-are selected into regions <code>r1</code> and <code>r2</code>, respectively.</p><a name="region-mapping-example-1-i2" id="region-mapping-example-1-i2"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Intermediate Document – [2s,3s)</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+are selected into regions <code>r1</code> and <code>r2</code>, respectively.</p><a id="region-mapping-example-1-i2"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Intermediate Document – [2s,3s)</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre><tt tts:extent="640px 480px" xml:lang="en"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml"
xmlns:tts="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#styling">
@@ -4269,29 +4301,29 @@
</tt>
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="semantics-line-layout" id="semantics-line-layout"></a>9.4 Line Layout</h3><p>If a profile that applies to a document instance
+<h3><a id="semantics-line-layout"></a>9.4 Line Layout</h3><p>If a profile that applies to a <em>Document Instance</em>
requires use of the <a href="#feature-lineBreak-uax14">#lineBreak-uax14</a> feature
(i.e., the value attribute for the feature is specified as <code>use</code>), then
the recommendations defined by <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr14/#Algorithm">Line
Breaking Algorithm</a> <a href="#uax14">[UAX14]</a> apply when performing
-line layout on the content of the document instance.</p></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="timing" id="timing"></a>10 Timing</h2><p>This section specifies the <em>timing</em> matter of the core
+line layout on the content of the <em>Document Instance</em>.</p></div></div><div class="div1">
+<h2><a id="timing"></a>10 Timing</h2><p>This section specifies the <em>timing</em> matter of the core
vocabulary catalog, where
timing is to be understood as a separable layer of information that applies to
content and that denotes authorial intentions about the temporal presentation of
that content.</p><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="timing-element-vocabulary" id="timing-element-vocabulary"></a>10.1 Timing Element Vocabulary</h3><p>No timing related element vocabulary is defined for use in the core
+<h3><a id="timing-element-vocabulary"></a>10.1 Timing Element Vocabulary</h3><p>No timing related element vocabulary is defined for use in the core
vocabulary catalog.</p></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="timing-attribute-vocabulary" id="timing-attribute-vocabulary"></a>10.2 Timing Attribute Vocabulary</h3><p>This section defines the following basic timing attributes for use with timed elements:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#timing-attribute-begin"><b>10.2.1 begin</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#timing-attribute-end"><b>10.2.2 end</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#timing-attribute-dur"><b>10.2.3 dur</b></a></p></li></ul><p>In addition, this section defines the <a href="#timing-attribute-timeContainer"><b>10.2.4 timeContainer</b></a> attribute for use with timed elements
+<h3><a id="timing-attribute-vocabulary"></a>10.2 Timing Attribute Vocabulary</h3><p>This section defines the following basic timing attributes for use with timed elements:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#timing-attribute-begin"><b>10.2.1 begin</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#timing-attribute-end"><b>10.2.2 end</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#timing-attribute-dur"><b>10.2.3 dur</b></a></p></li></ul><p>In addition, this section defines the <a href="#timing-attribute-timeContainer"><b>10.2.4 timeContainer</b></a> attribute for use with timed elements
that serve simultaneously as timing containers.</p><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="timing-attribute-begin" id="timing-attribute-begin"></a>10.2.1 begin</h4><p>The <code>begin</code> attribute is used to specify the begin
+<h4><a id="timing-attribute-begin"></a>10.2.1 begin</h4><p>The <code>begin</code> attribute is used to specify the begin
point of a temporal interval associated with a timed element. If
specified, the value of a <code>begin</code> attribute must adhere to
a <timeExpression> specification as defined by <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><b>10.3.1 <timeExpression></b></a>.</p><p>The begin point of a temporal interval is included in the
interval; i.e., the interval is left-wise closed.</p><p>The semantics of the <code>begin</code> attribute are those defined
by <a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a>, § 10.4.1,
while taking into account any overriding semantics defined by this specification.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="timing-attribute-end" id="timing-attribute-end"></a>10.2.2 end</h4><p>The <code>end</code> attribute is used to specify the ending point
+<h4><a id="timing-attribute-end"></a>10.2.2 end</h4><p>The <code>end</code> attribute is used to specify the ending point
of a temporal interval associated with a timed element. If
specified, the value of an <code>end</code> attribute must adhere to a
<timeExpression> specification as defined by <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><b>10.3.1 <timeExpression></b></a>.</p><p>The ending point of a temporal interval is not included in the
@@ -4305,12 +4337,12 @@
as [300f,310f).</p></div><p>The semantics of the <code>end</code> attribute are those defined
by <a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a>, § 10.4.1,
while taking into account any overriding semantics defined by this specification.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="timing-attribute-dur" id="timing-attribute-dur"></a>10.2.3 dur</h4><p>The <code>dur</code> attribute is used to specify the duration of a
+<h4><a id="timing-attribute-dur"></a>10.2.3 dur</h4><p>The <code>dur</code> attribute is used to specify the duration of a
temporal interval associated with a timed element. If specified,
the value of a <code>dur</code> attribute must adhere to a
<timeExpression> specification as defined by <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><b>10.3.1 <timeExpression></b></a>.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>When the <code>clock-time</code> form of a <timeExpression> specification
is used with a <code>dur</code> attribute, it is intended to be interpreted as
-a difference between two implied clock time expressions.</p></div><p>When a TTML document instance specifies the use of the
+a difference between two implied clock time expressions.</p></div><p>When a <em>Document Instance</em> specifies the use of the
<code>smpte</code> time base and <code>discontinuous</code> marker
mode, the <code>dur</code> attribute must not be specified on any
element.</p><p>The semantics of the <code>dur</code> attribute are those defined
@@ -4320,7 +4352,7 @@
<code>end</code> and <code>dur</code> attributes is equal to the lesser of the value of
the <code>dur</code> attribute and the difference between the value of the
<code>end</code> attribute and the element's begin time.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="timing-attribute-timeContainer" id="timing-attribute-timeContainer"></a>10.2.4 timeContainer</h4><p>The <code>timeContainer</code> attribute is used to specify a local temporal
+<h4><a id="timing-attribute-timeContainer"></a>10.2.4 timeContainer</h4><p>The <code>timeContainer</code> attribute is used to specify a local temporal
context by means of which timed child elements are temporally situated.</p><p>If specified, the value of a <code>timeContainer</code> attribute must be one
of the following:</p><ul><li><p><code>par</code></p></li><li><p><code>seq</code></p></li></ul><p>If the time container semantics of an element instance is <code>par</code>,
then the temporal intervals of child elements are considered to apply in
@@ -4341,13 +4373,16 @@
has time container semantics, then <code>par</code> time container semantics must apply.</p><p>Time container semantics applies only to the following element types:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><code>body</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-div"><code>div</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-p"><code>p</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-span"><code>span</code></a></p></li></ul><p>The semantics of parallel and sequential time
containment are those defined by <a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a>, § 10.4.2,
while taking into account any overriding semantics defined by this specification.</p></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="timing-time-value-expressions" id="timing-time-value-expressions"></a>10.3 Time Value Expressions</h3><p>Timing attribute values include the use of the following expressions:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><b>10.3.1 <timeExpression></b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="timing-value-timeExpression" id="timing-value-timeExpression"></a>10.3.1 <timeExpression></h4><p>A <timeExpression> is used to specify a coordinate along
+<h3><a id="timing-time-value-expressions"></a>10.3 Time Value Expressions</h3><p>Timing attribute values include the use of the following expressions:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><b>10.3.1 <timeExpression></b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="timing-value-timeExpression"></a>10.3.1 <timeExpression></h4><p>A <timeExpression> is used to specify a coordinate within
some time base, where the applicable time base is determined by the
<code>ttp:timeBase</code> parameter, and where the semantics defined
-by <a href="#time-expression-semantics"><b>N Time Expression Semantics</b></a> apply.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>See <a href="#parameter-attribute-timeBase"><b>6.2.11 ttp:timeBase</b></a>, <a href="#parameter-attribute-frameRate"><b>6.2.4 ttp:frameRate</b></a>, <a href="#parameter-attribute-subFrameRate"><b>6.2.9 ttp:subFrameRate</b></a>, and <a href="#parameter-attribute-tickRate"><b>6.2.10 ttp:tickRate</b></a> for further information on
-explicit specification of time base, frame rate, sub-frame rate, and
-tick rate.</p></div><a name="timeExpression-syntax" id="timeExpression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <timeExpression></caption><tbody><tr><td>
+by <a href="#time-expression-semantics"><b>N Time Expression Semantics</b></a> apply.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>See
+<a href="#parameter-attribute-frameRate"><b>6.2.4 ttp:frameRate</b></a>,
+<a href="#parameter-attribute-subFrameRate"><b>6.2.9 ttp:subFrameRate</b></a>,
+<a href="#parameter-attribute-tickRate"><b>6.2.10 ttp:tickRate</b></a>, and
+<a href="#parameter-attribute-timeBase"><b>6.2.11 ttp:timeBase</b></a> for further information on
+explicit specification of frame rate, sub-frame rate, tick rate, and time base.</p></div><a id="timeExpression-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – <timeExpression></caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<timeExpression>
: clock-time
@@ -4405,7 +4440,7 @@
sub-frame rate determined by the <code>ttp:subFrameRate</code> parameter as defined by <a href="#parameter-attribute-subFrameRate"><b>6.2.9 ttp:subFrameRate</b></a>.
It is considered an error if a <em>sub-frames</em> term is specified
when the <code>clock</code> time base applies.</p></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="timing-time-intervals" id="timing-time-intervals"></a>10.4 Time Intervals</h3><p>The semantics of time containment, durations, and intervals defined by
+<h3><a id="timing-time-intervals"></a>10.4 Time Intervals</h3><p>The semantics of time containment, durations, and intervals defined by
<a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a> apply to the interpretation of like-named timed elements and timing
vocabulary defined by this specification, given the following
constraints:</p><ul><li><p>The implicit duration of an anonymous span is defined as follows: if
@@ -4430,18 +4465,18 @@
expressions are considered to be equivalent to either offset
based timing or event based timing in <a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a>, where the specific semantics of
<a href="#time-expression-semantics-smpte"><b>N.3 SMPTE Time Base</b></a> apply.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="animation" id="animation"></a>11 Animation</h2><p>This section specifies the <em>animation</em> matter of the
+<h2><a id="animation"></a>11 Animation</h2><p>This section specifies the <em>animation</em> matter of the
core vocabulary catalog, where
animation is to be understood as a separable layer of information that combines
timing and styling in order to denote authorial intention about (temporally) dynamic
styling of content.</p><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="animation-element-vocabulary" id="animation-element-vocabulary"></a>11.1 Animation Element Vocabulary</h3><p>The following elements specify the structure and principal animation aspects of a
-document instance:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#animation-vocabulary-set"><b>11.1.1 set</b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="animation-vocabulary-set" id="animation-vocabulary-set"></a>11.1.1 set</h4><p>The <code>set</code> element is used as a child element of a content
+<h3><a id="animation-element-vocabulary"></a>11.1 Animation Element Vocabulary</h3><p>The following elements specify the structure and principal animation aspects of a
+<em>Document Instance</em>:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#animation-vocabulary-set"><b>11.1.1 set</b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="animation-vocabulary-set"></a>11.1.1 set</h4><p>The <code>set</code> element is used as a child element of a content
element or a <code>region</code> element
in order to express a discrete change of some style parameter value
that applies over some time interval.</p><p>The <code>set</code> element accepts as its children zero or more
-elements in the <code>Metadata.class</code> element group.</p><a name="elt-syntax-set" id="elt-syntax-set"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: set</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+elements in the <code>Metadata.class</code> element group.</p><a id="elt-syntax-set"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: set</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<set
<a href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><timeExpression></a>
@@ -4457,7 +4492,7 @@
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The use of multiple <code>set</code> element children may be used to effect fade and
position transitions.</p></div><p>An example of using the <code>set</code> element to animate content
-styling is illustrated below:</p><a name="animation-vocabulary-set-example-1" id="animation-vocabulary-set-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Content Style Animation</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+styling is illustrated below:</p><a id="animation-vocabulary-set-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Content Style Animation</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
...
<p dur="5s" tts:color="yellow">
@@ -4471,7 +4506,7 @@
</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In the above example, the foreground color of the content "Text
with Flashing Colors" is animated from yellow, to red, to green, to
red, then back to yellow over a 5 second period.</p></div><p>An example of using the <code>set</code> element to animate region
-styling is illustrated below:</p><a name="animation-vocabulary-set-example-2" id="animation-vocabulary-set-example-2"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Region Style Animation</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+styling is illustrated below:</p><a id="animation-vocabulary-set-example-2"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Region Style Animation</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<tt xml:lang="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml"
xmlns:ttp="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#parameter"
@@ -4500,23 +4535,23 @@
to avoid obscuring characters in an underlying video with captions.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The semantics of the <code>set</code> element
are based upon that defined by <a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a>,
§ 3.6.2.</p></div></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="animation-attribute-vocabulary" id="animation-attribute-vocabulary"></a>11.2 Animation Attribute Vocabulary</h3><p>No animation related attribute vocabulary is defined for use in the
+<h3><a id="animation-attribute-vocabulary"></a>11.2 Animation Attribute Vocabulary</h3><p>No animation related attribute vocabulary is defined for use in the
core vocabulary catalog.</p></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="metadata" id="metadata"></a>12 Metadata</h2><p>This section specifies the <em>metadata</em> matter of the core
+<h2><a id="metadata"></a>12 Metadata</h2><p>This section specifies the <em>metadata</em> matter of the core
vocabulary catalog, where
metadata is to be understood as a separable layer of information that applies to
parameters, content,
style, layout, timing, and even metadata itself, where the information
represented by metadata takes one of two forms: (1) metadata defined by this
-specification for standardized use in a document instance, and (2) arbitrary
+specification for standardized use in a <em>Document Instance</em>, and (2) arbitrary
metadata defined outside of the scope of this specification, whose use and
-semantics depend entirely upon an application's use of TTML content.</p><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="metadata-element-vocabulary" id="metadata-element-vocabulary"></a>12.1 Metadata Element Vocabulary</h3><p>The <a href="#metadata-vocabulary-metadata"><b>12.1.1 metadata</b></a> element serves as
+semantics depend entirely upon an application's use of TTML Content.</p><div class="div2">
+<h3><a id="metadata-element-vocabulary"></a>12.1 Metadata Element Vocabulary</h3><p>The <a href="#metadata-vocabulary-metadata"><b>12.1.1 metadata</b></a> element serves as
a generic container element for grouping metadata information.</p><p>In addition, the following elements, all defined in the TT Metadata Namespace,
provide standard representations for common metadata that is expected to be commonly
-used in a document instances:
+used in a <em>Document Instances</em>:
</p><ul><li><p><a href="#metadata-vocabulary-title"><b>12.1.2 ttm:title</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#metadata-vocabulary-desc"><b>12.1.3 ttm:desc</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#metadata-vocabulary-copyright"><b>12.1.4 ttm:copyright</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#metadata-vocabulary-agent"><b>12.1.5 ttm:agent</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#metadata-vocabulary-name"><b>12.1.6 ttm:name</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#metadata-vocabulary-actor"><b>12.1.7 ttm:actor</b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="metadata-vocabulary-metadata" id="metadata-vocabulary-metadata"></a>12.1.1 metadata</h4><p>The <code>metadata</code> element functions as a generic container for metadata
+<h4><a id="metadata-vocabulary-metadata"></a>12.1.1 metadata</h4><p>The <code>metadata</code> element functions as a generic container for metadata
information.</p><p>Metadata information may be expressed by a <code>metadata</code> element
in one of two (non-mutually exclusive) manners: (1) by specifying one
or more metadata attributes on the <code>metadata</code>
@@ -4524,7 +4559,7 @@
or more child elements
in the <code>metadata</code> element
that express metadata. Both types of metadata
-are referred to in this document as <em>metadata items</em>.</p><a name="elt-syntax-metadata" id="elt-syntax-metadata"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: metadata</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+are referred to in this document as <em>metadata items</em>.</p><a id="elt-syntax-metadata"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: metadata</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<metadata
<a href="#content-attribute-id">xml:id</a> = ID
@@ -4541,7 +4576,7 @@
content element type except for the
<code>tt</code> element. See specific element
vocabulary definitions for any constraints that apply to such
-usage.</p></div><p>The use of document metadata is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="metadata-vocabulary-metadata-example-1" id="metadata-vocabulary-metadata-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Document Metadata</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+usage.</p></div><p>The use of document metadata is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="metadata-vocabulary-metadata-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Document Metadata</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
...
<head>
@@ -4552,7 +4587,7 @@
</head>
...
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p>The use of element metadata is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="metadata-vocabulary-metadata-example-2" id="metadata-vocabulary-metadata-example-2"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Element Metadata</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p>The use of element metadata is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="metadata-vocabulary-metadata-example-2"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Element Metadata</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
...
<div>
@@ -4563,10 +4598,10 @@
</div>
...
</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p>The use of metadata attribute items is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="metadata-vocabulary-metadata-example-3" id="metadata-vocabulary-metadata-example-3"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Foreign Metadata Attribute Items</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p>The use of metadata attribute items is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="metadata-vocabulary-metadata-example-3"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Foreign Metadata Attribute Items</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
...
-<div xmlns:ext="http://foo.bar.example.org/ttaf1#metadata">
+<div xmlns:ext="http://example.org/ttaf1#metadata">
<metadata ext:ednote="remove this division prior to publishing"/>
</div>
...
@@ -4577,7 +4612,7 @@
attribute may also be expressed directly on the <code>div</code> element;
however, in this case the author wishes to segregate certain metadata
attributes by expressing them indirectly on <code>metadata</code>
-elements.</p></div><p></p><p>The use of foreign element metadata is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="metadata-vocabulary-metadata-example-4" id="metadata-vocabulary-metadata-example-4"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Foreign Element Metadata</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+elements.</p></div><p></p><p>The use of foreign element metadata is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="metadata-vocabulary-metadata-example-4"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Foreign Element Metadata</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
...
<metadata
@@ -4592,8 +4627,8 @@
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In the above example, a number of elements defined by the Dublin
Core metadata vocabulary are used to express document level metadata.</p></div><p></p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="metadata-vocabulary-title" id="metadata-vocabulary-title"></a>12.1.2 ttm:title</h4><p>The <code>ttm:title</code> element is used to express a human-readable title of
-a specific element instance.</p><a name="elt-syntax-metadata-title" id="elt-syntax-metadata-title"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttm:title</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="metadata-vocabulary-title"></a>12.1.2 ttm:title</h4><p>The <code>ttm:title</code> element is used to express a human-readable title of
+a specific element instance.</p><a id="elt-syntax-metadata-title"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttm:title</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<ttm:title
<a href="#content-attribute-id">xml:id</a> = ID
@@ -4606,8 +4641,8 @@
</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>No specific use of the <code>ttm:title</code> element is defined by this specification.</p></div><p>Examples of the <code>ttm:title</code> element are shown above in
<a href="#metadata-vocabulary-metadata-example-1"><b>Example Fragment – Document Metadata</b></a> and
<a href="#metadata-vocabulary-metadata-example-2"><b>Example Fragment – Element Metadata</b></a>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="metadata-vocabulary-desc" id="metadata-vocabulary-desc"></a>12.1.3 ttm:desc</h4><p>The <code>ttm:desc</code> element is used to express a human-readable description of
-a specific element instance.</p><a name="elt-syntax-metadata-desc" id="elt-syntax-metadata-desc"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttm:desc</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="metadata-vocabulary-desc"></a>12.1.3 ttm:desc</h4><p>The <code>ttm:desc</code> element is used to express a human-readable description of
+a specific element instance.</p><a id="elt-syntax-metadata-desc"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttm:desc</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<ttm:desc
<a href="#content-attribute-id">xml:id</a> = ID
@@ -4620,9 +4655,9 @@
</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>No specific use of the <code>ttm:desc</code> element is defined by this specification.</p></div><p>Examples of the <code>ttm:desc</code> element are shown above in
<a href="#metadata-vocabulary-metadata-example-1"><b>Example Fragment – Document Metadata</b></a> and
<a href="#metadata-vocabulary-metadata-example-2"><b>Example Fragment – Element Metadata</b></a>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="metadata-vocabulary-copyright" id="metadata-vocabulary-copyright"></a>12.1.4 ttm:copyright</h4><p>The <code>ttm:copyright</code> element is used to express a human-readable copyright that
+<h4><a id="metadata-vocabulary-copyright"></a>12.1.4 ttm:copyright</h4><p>The <code>ttm:copyright</code> element is used to express a human-readable copyright that
applies to some scoping level.</p><p>A copyright statement that applies to a document as a whole should appear as a
-child of the <code>head</code> element.</p><a name="elt-syntax-metadata-copyright" id="elt-syntax-metadata-copyright"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttm:copyright</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+child of the <code>head</code> element.</p><a id="elt-syntax-metadata-copyright"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttm:copyright</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<ttm:copyright
<a href="#content-attribute-id">xml:id</a> = ID
@@ -4633,10 +4668,10 @@
</ttm:copyright>
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>No specific use of the <code>ttm:copyright</code> element is defined by this specification.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="metadata-vocabulary-agent" id="metadata-vocabulary-agent"></a>12.1.5 ttm:agent</h4><p>The <code>ttm:agent</code> element is used to define an agent for the purpose of associating
+<h4><a id="metadata-vocabulary-agent"></a>12.1.5 ttm:agent</h4><p>The <code>ttm:agent</code> element is used to define an agent for the purpose of associating
content information with an agent who is involved in the production or expression of that content.</p><p>The <code>ttm:agent</code> element accepts as its children zero or more <code>ttm:name</code> elements followed by
zero or one <code>ttm:actor</code> element.</p><p>At least one <code>ttm:name</code> element child should be specified that expresses a name for the
-agent, whether it be the name of a person, character, group, or organization.</p><a name="elt-syntax-metadata-agent" id="elt-syntax-metadata-agent"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttm:agent</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+agent, whether it be the name of a person, character, group, or organization.</p><a id="elt-syntax-metadata-agent"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttm:agent</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<ttm:agent
<span class="reqattr">type</span> = (<em>person</em>|<em>character</em>|<em>group</em>|<em>organization</em>|<em>other</em>)
@@ -4655,7 +4690,7 @@
<code>metadata</code> element child of the <code>head</code> element.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>A <code>ttm:agent</code> element instance is typically referenced using a <code>ttm:agent</code>
attribute on a content element.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>If a character agent is played by multiple actors, then multiple character
agents may be specified (and referenced) wherein different definitions of the
-character specify different actors.</p></div><p>The use of agent metadata is illustrated by the following example.</p><a name="metadata-vocabulary-agent-example-1" id="metadata-vocabulary-agent-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Agent Metadata</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+character specify different actors.</p></div><p>The use of agent metadata is illustrated by the following example.</p><a id="metadata-vocabulary-agent-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Agent Metadata</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<tt xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml" xmlns:ttm="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#metadata">
@@ -4691,8 +4726,8 @@
the <code>ttm:agent</code> metadata items are specified as immediate
children of the document's <code>head</code> element rather than being
placed in a container <code>metadata</code> element.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="metadata-vocabulary-name" id="metadata-vocabulary-name"></a>12.1.6 ttm:name</h4><p>The <code>ttm:name</code> element is used to specify a name of a person, character,
-group, or organization.</p><a name="elt-syntax-metadata-name" id="elt-syntax-metadata-name"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttm:name</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="metadata-vocabulary-name"></a>12.1.6 ttm:name</h4><p>The <code>ttm:name</code> element is used to specify a name of a person, character,
+group, or organization.</p><a id="elt-syntax-metadata-name"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttm:name</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<ttm:name
<span class="reqattr">type</span> = (<em>full</em>|<em>family</em>|<em>given</em>|<em>alias</em>|<em>other</em>)
@@ -4707,8 +4742,8 @@
if specified, must have one of the following values:</p><ul><li><p><code>full</code></p></li><li><p><code>family</code></p></li><li><p><code>given</code></p></li><li><p><code>alias</code></p></li><li><p><code>other</code></p></li></ul><p>The relationship between the type of a name and the syntactic expression of the name
is not defined by this specification.</p><p>Two examples of the <code>ttm:name</code> element are shown above in
<a href="#metadata-vocabulary-agent-example-1"><b>Example Fragment – Agent Metadata</b></a>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="metadata-vocabulary-actor" id="metadata-vocabulary-actor"></a>12.1.7 ttm:actor</h4><p>The <code>ttm:actor</code> element is used to link the definition of a (role-based) character
-agent with another agent that portrays the character.</p><a name="elt-syntax-metadata-actor" id="elt-syntax-metadata-actor"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttm:actor</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="metadata-vocabulary-actor"></a>12.1.7 ttm:actor</h4><p>The <code>ttm:actor</code> element is used to link the definition of a (role-based) character
+agent with another agent that portrays the character.</p><a id="elt-syntax-metadata-actor"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: ttm:actor</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
<ttm:actor
<span class="reqattr">agent</span> = IDREF
@@ -4723,25 +4758,25 @@
reference a <code>ttm:agent</code> element that denotes the person,
group, or organization acting the part of a character.</p><p>An example of the <code>ttm:actor</code> element is shown above in
<a href="#metadata-vocabulary-agent-example-1"><b>Example Fragment – Agent Metadata</b></a>.</p></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="metadata-attribute-vocabulary" id="metadata-attribute-vocabulary"></a>12.2 Metadata Attribute Vocabulary</h3><p>This section specifies the following attributes in the TT Metadata Namespace
+<h3><a id="metadata-attribute-vocabulary"></a>12.2 Metadata Attribute Vocabulary</h3><p>This section specifies the following attributes in the TT Metadata Namespace
for use with the <code>metadata</code> element and with certain content elements:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#metadata-attribute-agent"><b>12.2.1 ttm:agent</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#metadata-attribute-role"><b>12.2.2 ttm:role</b></a></p></li></ul><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>Only certain metadata item attributes may be used with content elements. See
the definitions of content elements to determine permissible usage.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="metadata-attribute-agent" id="metadata-attribute-agent"></a>12.2.1 ttm:agent</h4><p>The <code>ttm:agent</code> attribute takes an <code>IDREFS</code>
+<h4><a id="metadata-attribute-agent"></a>12.2.1 ttm:agent</h4><p>The <code>ttm:agent</code> attribute takes an <code>IDREFS</code>
value, and is used with certain content elements to designate the
agents that perform or are
involved in the performance of the content.</p><p>If specified, a <code>ttm:agent</code> attribute must reference
<code>ttm:agent</code> element instances that appear
-as a descendent of the same document instance as
+as a descendent of the same <em>Document Instance</em> as
that of the referring element.</p><p>An example of the <code>ttm:agent</code> attribute is shown above in
<a href="#metadata-vocabulary-agent-example-1"><b>Example Fragment – Agent Metadata</b></a>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="metadata-attribute-role" id="metadata-attribute-role"></a>12.2.2 ttm:role</h4><p>The <code>ttm:role</code> attribute may be used by a content author
+<h4><a id="metadata-attribute-role"></a>12.2.2 ttm:role</h4><p>The <code>ttm:role</code> attribute may be used by a content author
to express
the roles, functions, or characteristics
of some content element that is so labeled.</p><p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following
syntax, where
the syntactic element <em>S</em> must adhere to production
[3] <code>S</code> as defined by <a href="#xml10">[XML 1.0]</a> §
-2.3:</p><a name="metadata-attribute-role-syntax" id="metadata-attribute-role-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttm:role</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+2.3:</p><a id="metadata-attribute-role-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – ttm:role</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
ttm:role
role ( <em>S</em> role )*
@@ -4773,40 +4808,45 @@
: { XML NameChar } // XML 1.1 Production [4a]
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>All values of <code>ttm:role</code> that do not start with the prefix
-<code>x-</code> are reserved for future standardization.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="back"><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="reduced-infoset" id="reduced-infoset"></a>A Reduced XML Infoset</h2><p><em>This appendix is normative.</em></p><p>For the purposes of this specification, a Reduced XML Infoset is
+<code>x-</code> are reserved for future standardization.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>If using a custom <code>x-</code> prefixed form of <code>ttm:role</code>, it
+is recommended that an organization unique infix be used as well in order to
+prevent collisions. For example, <code>x-example-org-custom-role</code>. Furthermore,
+a registry for role values is available at
+<a href="http://www.w3.org/wiki/TTML/RoleRegistry">http://www.w3.org/wiki/TTML/RoleRegistry</a>
+in order to promote interoperability and collision avoidance.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="back"><div class="div1">
+<h2><a id="reduced-infoset"></a>A Reduced XML Infoset</h2><p><em>This appendix is normative.</em></p><p>For the purposes of this specification, a <em>Reduced XML Infoset</em> is
an XML Information Set <a href="#infoset">[XML InfoSet]</a> that consists of only the following information items
and information item properties:</p><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="reduced-infoset-document" id="reduced-infoset-document"></a>A.1 Document Information Item</h3><ul><li><p><code>[document element]</code></p></li></ul></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="reduced-infoset-element" id="reduced-infoset-element"></a>A.2 Element Information Item</h3><ul><li><p><code>[namespace URI]</code></p></li><li><p><code>[local name]</code></p></li><li><p><code>[children]</code></p></li><li><p><code>[attributes]</code></p></li></ul><p>Child information items <code>[children]</code> are reduced to
+<h3><a id="reduced-infoset-document"></a>A.1 Document Information Item</h3><ul><li><p><code>[document element]</code></p></li></ul></div><div class="div2">
+<h3><a id="reduced-infoset-element"></a>A.2 Element Information Item</h3><ul><li><p><code>[namespace URI]</code></p></li><li><p><code>[local name]</code></p></li><li><p><code>[children]</code></p></li><li><p><code>[attributes]</code></p></li></ul><p>Child information items <code>[children]</code> are reduced to
only element and character information items.</p></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="reduced-infoset-attribute" id="reduced-infoset-attribute"></a>A.3 Attribute Information Item</h3><ul><li><p><code>[namespace URI]</code></p></li><li><p><code>[local name]</code></p></li><li><p><code>[normalized value]</code></p></li></ul></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="reduced-infoset-character" id="reduced-infoset-character"></a>A.4 Character Information Item</h3><ul><li><p><code>[character code]</code></p></li></ul><p>Contiguous character information items are not required to be represented distinctly,
+<h3><a id="reduced-infoset-attribute"></a>A.3 Attribute Information Item</h3><ul><li><p><code>[namespace URI]</code></p></li><li><p><code>[local name]</code></p></li><li><p><code>[normalized value]</code></p></li></ul></div><div class="div2">
+<h3><a id="reduced-infoset-character"></a>A.4 Character Information Item</h3><ul><li><p><code>[character code]</code></p></li></ul><p>Contiguous character information items are not required to be represented distinctly,
but may be aggregated (chunked) into a sequence of character codes (i.e., a character string).</p></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="schemas" id="schemas"></a>B Schemas</h2><p><em>This appendix is normative.</em></p><p>This appendix specifies the following schemas for use with
-DFXP Content document instances:</p><ul><li><p>Relax NG, Compact Syntax (RNC) Schema</p></li><li><p>XML Schema Definition (XSD) Schema</p></li></ul><p>In any case where a schema specified by this appendix differs from the
+<h2><a id="schemas"></a>B Schemas</h2><p><em>This appendix is normative.</em></p><p>This appendix specifies the following schemas for use with
+<em>Document Instances</em>:</p><ul><li><p>Relax NG, Compact Syntax (RNC) Schema</p></li><li><p>XML Schema Definition (XSD) Schema</p></li></ul><p>In any case where a schema specified by this appendix differs from the
normative definitions of document type, element type, or attribute type
as defined by the body of this specification, then the body of this
specification takes precedence.</p><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="dfxp-schema-rnc" id="dfxp-schema-rnc"></a>B.1 Relax NG Schema</h3><p>A Relax NG Compact Syntax (RNC) <a href="#rng">[RELAX NG]</a> based schema
+<h3><a id="ttml-schema-rnc"></a>B.1 Relax NG Compact (RNC) Schema</h3><p>A Relax NG Compact Syntax (RNC) <a href="#rng">[RELAX NG]</a> based schema
for TTML Content is available at <a href="rnc/schema.zip">ZIP
Archive</a>. This schema does not normatively define the validity
of Timed Text Markup Language content as defined by this specification.
-In particular, the formal validity of TTML content
+In particular, the formal validity of TTML Content
is defined by <a href="#conformance-content"><b>3.1 Content Conformance</b></a>.</p></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="dfxp-schema-xsd" id="dfxp-schema-xsd"></a>B.2 XML Schema Definition (XSD) Schema</h3><p>A W3C XML Schema Definition (XSD) <a href="#xsd-1">[XML Schema Part 1]</a> based schema
+<h3><a id="ttml-schema-xsd"></a>B.2 XML Schema Definition (XSD) Schema</h3><p>A W3C XML Schema Definition (XSD) <a href="#xsd-1">[XML Schema Part 1]</a> based schema
for TTML Content is available at <a href="xsd/schema.zip">ZIP
Archive</a>. This schema does not normatively define the validity
of Timed Text Markup Language content as defined by this specification.
-In particular, the formal validity of TTML content
+In particular, the formal validity of TTML Content
is defined by <a href="#conformance-content"><b>3.1 Content Conformance</b></a>.</p></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="media-types-registration" id="media-types-registration"></a>C Media Type Registration</h2><p><em>This appendix is normative.</em></p><p>This appendix registers a new media type,
+<h2><a id="media-types-registration"></a>C Media Type Registration</h2><p><em>This appendix is normative.</em></p><p>This appendix registers a new media type,
"application/ttml+xml" in conformance with
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4288.txt">BCP 13</a> and
<a href="http://www.w3.org/2002/06/registering-mediatype.html">W3CRegMedia</a>.
The information in this appendix is being submitted to the Internet
Engineering Steering Group (IESG) for review, approval, and
-registration with the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA).</p><dl><dt class="label">Type name:</dt><dd><p>application</p></dd><dt class="label">Subtype name:</dt><dd><p>ttml+xml</p></dd><dt class="label">Required parameters:</dt><dd><p>None.</p></dd><dt class="label">Optional parameters:</dt><dd><dl><dt class="label">charset</dt><dd><p>If specified, the <code>charset</code> parameter must match the XML encoding declaration, or if absent, the actual encoding.</p></dd><dt class="label">profile</dt><dd><p>The document profile of a TTML document may be specified using
+registration with the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA).</p><dl><dt class="label">Type name:</dt><dd><p>application</p></dd><dt class="label">Subtype name:</dt><dd><p>ttml+xml</p></dd><dt class="label">Required parameters:</dt><dd><p>None.</p></dd><dt class="label">Optional parameters:</dt><dd><dl><dt class="label">charset</dt><dd><p>If specified, the <code>charset</code> parameter must match the XML encoding declaration, or if absent, the actual encoding.</p></dd><dt class="label">profile</dt><dd><p>The document profile of a <em>Document Instance</em> may be specified using
an optional <code>profile</code> parameter, which, if specified,
the value of which must adhere to the syntax and semantics of
<code>ttp:profile</code> parameter defined by
@@ -4839,7 +4879,7 @@
Registration of the Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) 1.0 specification:
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/ttaf1-dfxp/">Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) 1.0</a>.</p></dd><dt class="label">Applications that use this media type:</dt><dd><p> TTML is used in the television industry for the purpose of authoring, transcoding and exchanging timed text information and for delivering captions for television material repurposed for the internet.</p><p>There is partial and full support of TTML in components used by several Web browsers plugins, and in a number of caption authoring tools.</p></dd><dt class="label">Additional information:</dt><dd><dl><dt class="label">Magic number(s):</dt><dd></dd><dt class="label">File extension(s):</dt><dd><p>.ttml</p></dd><dt class="label">Macintosh file type code(s):</dt><dd><p>"TTML"</p></dd><dt class="label">Fragment identifiers:</dt><dd><p>For documents labeled as application/ttml+xml, the fragment identifier notation is intended to be used with xml:id attributes, as described in section 7.2.1 of the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/ttaf1-dfxp/">Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) 1.0</a> specification.</p></dd></dl></dd><dt class="label">Person & email address to contact for further information:</dt><dd><p>Timed Text Working Group (public-tt@w3.org)</p></dd><dt class="label">Intended usage:</dt><dd><p>COMMON</p></dd><dt class="label">Restrictions on usage:</dt><dd><p>None</p></dd><dt class="label">Author:</dt><dd><p>The published specification is a work product of the World Wide Web
Consortium's Timed Text (TT) Working Group.</p></dd><dt class="label">Change controller:</dt><dd><p>The W3C has change control over this specification.</p></dd></dl></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="features" id="features"></a>D Features</h2><p><em>This appendix is normative.</em></p><p>This appendix specifies (1) a set of feature designations, each of which
+<h2><a id="features"></a>D Features</h2><p><em>This appendix is normative.</em></p><p>This appendix specifies (1) a set of feature designations, each of which
labels one or more syntactic and/or semantic features defined by this
specification, and (2) for each designated feature, whether the feature is mandatory
or optional for a transformation or presentation processor.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>A TTML processor is said to <em>implement the transformation semantics</em> or
@@ -4847,7 +4887,7 @@
if it satisfies the requirements of this appendix with respect to the definition of
feature designation <em>F</em> as pertains to transformation or
presentation processing, respectively.</p></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="feature-designations" id="feature-designations"></a>D.1 Feature Designations</h3><p>A feature designation is expressed as a string that adheres to the following
+<h3><a id="feature-designations"></a>D.1 Feature Designations</h3><p>A feature designation is expressed as a string that adheres to the following
form:</p><div class="exampleInner"><pre>
feature-designation
: feature-namespace designation
@@ -4864,12 +4904,12 @@
for future standardization.</p><p>The following sub-sections define all feature designations, expressed
as relative URIs (fragment identifiers) with respect to the
TT Feature Namespace base URI.</p><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-animation" id="feature-animation"></a>D.1.1 #animation</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#animation</code>
+<h4><a id="feature-animation"></a>D.1.1 #animation</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#animation</code>
feature if it recognizes and is capable of transforming the following
vocabulary defined by <a href="#animation"><b>11 Animation</b></a>:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#animation-vocabulary-set"><code>set</code></a></p></li></ul><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the <code>#animation</code>
feature if it implements presentation semantic support for the
same vocabulary enumerated above.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-backgroundColor" id="feature-backgroundColor"></a>D.1.2 #backgroundColor</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-backgroundColor"></a>D.1.2 #backgroundColor</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#backgroundColor</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#style-attribute-backgroundColor"><code>tts:backgroundColor</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
@@ -4879,7 +4919,7 @@
and (2) is capable of displaying or generating an output display
signal that distinguishes between at least sixteen (16) values of color,
including all primary and secondary colors of the SRGB color space.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-backgroundColor-block" id="feature-backgroundColor-block"></a>D.1.3 #backgroundColor-block</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-backgroundColor-block"></a>D.1.3 #backgroundColor-block</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#backgroundColor-block</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-backgroundColor"><code>tts:backgroundColor</code></a>
attribute when applied to a content element that would generate a
@@ -4891,7 +4931,7 @@
and (2) is capable of displaying or generating an output display
signal that distinguishes between at least sixteen (16) values of color,
including all primary and secondary colors of the SRGB color space.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-backgroundColor-inline" id="feature-backgroundColor-inline"></a>D.1.4 #backgroundColor-inline</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-backgroundColor-inline"></a>D.1.4 #backgroundColor-inline</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#backgroundColor-inline</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-backgroundColor"><code>tts:backgroundColor</code></a>
attribute when applied to a content element that would generate an
@@ -4903,7 +4943,7 @@
and (2) is capable of displaying or generating an output display
signal that distinguishes between at least sixteen (16) values of color,
including all primary and secondary colors of the SRGB color space.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-backgroundColor-region" id="feature-backgroundColor-region"></a>D.1.5 #backgroundColor-region</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-backgroundColor-region"></a>D.1.5 #backgroundColor-region</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#backgroundColor-region</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-backgroundColor"><code>tts:backgroundColor</code></a>
attribute when applied to a <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
@@ -4914,44 +4954,44 @@
signal that distinguishes between at least sixteen (16) values of color,
including all primary and secondary colors of the SRGB color space
.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-bidi" id="feature-bidi"></a>D.1.6 #bidi</h4><p>A TTML processor supports the <code>#bidi</code> feature if it
+<h4><a id="feature-bidi"></a>D.1.6 #bidi</h4><p>A TTML processor supports the <code>#bidi</code> feature if it
supports the following features:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#feature-direction"><code>#direction</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#feature-unicodeBidi"><code>#unicodeBidi</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#feature-writingMode-horizontal"><code>#writingMode-horizontal</code></a></p></li></ul></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-cellResolution" id="feature-cellResolution"></a>D.1.7 #cellResolution</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-cellResolution"></a>D.1.7 #cellResolution</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#cellResolution</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#parameter-attribute-cellResolution"><code>ttp:cellResolution</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#cellResolution</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <a href="#parameter-attribute-cellResolution"><code>ttp:cellResolution</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-clockMode" id="feature-clockMode"></a>D.1.8 #clockMode</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-clockMode"></a>D.1.8 #clockMode</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#clockMode</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#parameter-attribute-clockMode"><code>ttp:clockMode</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#clockMode</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <a href="#parameter-attribute-clockMode"><code>ttp:clockMode</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-clockMode-gps" id="feature-clockMode-gps"></a>D.1.9 #clockMode-gps</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-clockMode-gps"></a>D.1.9 #clockMode-gps</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#clockMode-gps</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <code>gps</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-clockMode"><code>ttp:clockMode</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#clockMode-gps</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <code>gps</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-clockMode"><code>ttp:clockMode</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-clockMode-local" id="feature-clockMode-local"></a>D.1.10 #clockMode-local</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-clockMode-local"></a>D.1.10 #clockMode-local</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#clockMode-local</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <code>local</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-clockMode"><code>ttp:clockMode</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#clockMode-local</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <code>local</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-clockMode"><code>ttp:clockMode</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-clockMode-utc" id="feature-clockMode-utc"></a>D.1.11 #clockMode-utc</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-clockMode-utc"></a>D.1.11 #clockMode-utc</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#clockMode-utc</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <code>utc</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-clockMode"><code>ttp:clockMode</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#clockMode-utc</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <code>utc</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-clockMode"><code>ttp:clockMode</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-color" id="feature-color"></a>D.1.12 #color</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-color"></a>D.1.12 #color</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#color</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#style-attribute-color"><code>tts:color</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
@@ -4961,31 +5001,31 @@
and (2) is capable of displaying or generating an output display
signal that distinguishes between at least sixteen (16) values of color,
including all primary and secondary colors of the SRGB color space.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-content" id="feature-content"></a>D.1.13 #content</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#content</code>
+<h4><a id="feature-content"></a>D.1.13 #content</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#content</code>
feature if it recognizes and is capable of transforming the following
vocabulary defined by <a href="#content"><b>7 Content</b></a>:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><code>body</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-div"><code>div</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-p"><code>p</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-span"><code>span</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-br"><code>br</code></a></p></li></ul><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the <code>#content</code>
feature if it implements presentation semantic support for the
same vocabulary enumerated above.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-core" id="feature-core"></a>D.1.14 #core</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#core</code>
+<h4><a id="feature-core"></a>D.1.14 #core</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#core</code>
feature if it recognizes and is capable of transforming the following
core attributes vocabulary defined by <a href="#content"><b>7 Content</b></a>:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#content-attribute-id">@<code>xml:id</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-attribute-id">@<code>xml:lang</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-attribute-id">@<code>xml:space</code></a></p></li></ul><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the <code>#core</code>
feature if it implements presentation semantic support for the
same vocabulary enumerated above.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-direction" id="feature-direction"></a>D.1.15 #direction</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-direction"></a>D.1.15 #direction</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#direction</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-direction"><code>tts:direction</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#direction</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-direction"><code>tts:direction</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-display" id="feature-display"></a>D.1.16 #display</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-display"></a>D.1.16 #display</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#display</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-display"><code>tts:display</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#display</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-display"><code>tts:display</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-display-block" id="feature-display-block"></a>D.1.17 #display-block</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-display-block"></a>D.1.17 #display-block</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#display-block</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-display"><code>tts:display</code></a>
attribute when applied to a content element that would generate a
@@ -4994,7 +5034,7 @@
support for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-display"><code>tts:display</code></a>
attribute when applied to a content element that generates a
block area.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-display-inline" id="feature-display-inline"></a>D.1.18 #display-inline</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-display-inline"></a>D.1.18 #display-inline</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#display-inline</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-display"><code>tts:display</code></a>
attribute when applied to a content element that would generate an
@@ -5003,77 +5043,77 @@
support for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-display"><code>tts:display</code></a>
attribute when applied to a content element that generates an
inline area.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-display-region" id="feature-display-region"></a>D.1.19 #display-region</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-display-region"></a>D.1.19 #display-region</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#display-region</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-display"><code>tts:display</code></a>
attribute when applied to a <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#display-region</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic
support for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-display"><code>tts:display</code></a>
attribute when applied to a <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-displayAlign" id="feature-displayAlign"></a>D.1.20 #displayAlign</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-displayAlign"></a>D.1.20 #displayAlign</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#displayAlign</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-displayAlign"><code>tts:displayAlign</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#displayAlign</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-displayAlign"><code>tts:displayAlign</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-dropMode" id="feature-dropMode"></a>D.1.21 #dropMode</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-dropMode"></a>D.1.21 #dropMode</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#dropMode</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#parameter-attribute-dropMode"><code>ttp:dropMode</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#dropMode</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <a href="#parameter-attribute-dropMode"><code>ttp:dropMode</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-dropMode-dropNTSC" id="feature-dropMode-dropNTSC"></a>D.1.22 #dropMode-dropNTSC</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-dropMode-dropNTSC"></a>D.1.22 #dropMode-dropNTSC</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#dropMode-dropNTSC</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <code>dropNTSC</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-dropMode"><code>ttp:dropMode</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#dropMode-dropNTSC</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <code>dropNTSC</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-dropMode"><code>ttp:dropMode</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-dropMode-dropPAL" id="feature-dropMode-dropPAL"></a>D.1.23 #dropMode-dropPAL</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-dropMode-dropPAL"></a>D.1.23 #dropMode-dropPAL</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#dropMode-dropPAL</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <code>dropPAL</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-dropMode"><code>ttp:dropMode</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#dropMode-dropPAL</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <code>dropPAL</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-dropMode"><code>ttp:dropMode</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-dropMode-nonDrop" id="feature-dropMode-nonDrop"></a>D.1.24 #dropMode-nonDrop</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-dropMode-nonDrop"></a>D.1.24 #dropMode-nonDrop</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#dropMode-nonDrop</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <code>nonDrop</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-dropMode"><code>ttp:dropMode</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#dropMode-nonDrop</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <code>nonDrop</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-dropMode"><code>ttp:dropMode</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-extent" id="feature-extent"></a>D.1.25 #extent</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-extent"></a>D.1.25 #extent</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#extent</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#style-attribute-extent"><code>tts:extent</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#extent</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support for
the <a href="#style-attribute-extent"><code>tts:extent</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-extent-region" id="feature-extent-region"></a>D.1.26 #extent-region</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-extent-region"></a>D.1.26 #extent-region</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#extent-region</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#style-attribute-extent"><code>tts:extent</code></a>
attribute when applied to a <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#extent-region</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support for
the <a href="#style-attribute-extent"><code>tts:extent</code></a>
attribute when applied to a <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-extent-root" id="feature-extent-root"></a>D.1.27 #extent-root</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-extent-root"></a>D.1.27 #extent-root</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#extent-root</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#style-attribute-extent"><code>tts:extent</code></a>
attribute when applied to the <a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-tt"><code>tt</code></a> element.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#extent-root</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support for
the <a href="#style-attribute-extent"><code>tts:extent</code></a>
attribute when applied to a <a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-tt"><code>tt</code></a> element.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-fontFamily" id="feature-fontFamily"></a>D.1.28 #fontFamily</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-fontFamily"></a>D.1.28 #fontFamily</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#fontFamily</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#style-attribute-fontFamily"><code>tts:fontFamily</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#fontFamily</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <a href="#style-attribute-fontFamily"><code>tts:fontFamily</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-fontFamily-generic" id="feature-fontFamily-generic"></a>D.1.29 #fontFamily-generic</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-fontFamily-generic"></a>D.1.29 #fontFamily-generic</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#fontFamily-generic</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming <a href="#style-value-genericFamilyName"><genericFamilyName></a>
values when used with the <a href="#style-attribute-fontFamily"><code>tts:fontFamily</code></a>
@@ -5082,7 +5122,7 @@
support for <a href="#style-value-genericFamilyName"><genericFamilyName></a>
values when used with the <a href="#style-attribute-fontFamily"><code>tts:fontFamily</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-fontFamily-non-generic" id="feature-fontFamily-non-generic"></a>D.1.30 #fontFamily-non-generic</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-fontFamily-non-generic"></a>D.1.30 #fontFamily-non-generic</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#fontFamily-non-generic</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming <a href="#style-value-familyName"><familyName></a>
values when used with the <a href="#style-attribute-fontFamily"><code>tts:fontFamily</code></a>
@@ -5091,83 +5131,83 @@
support for <a href="#style-value-familyName"><familyName></a>
values when used with the <a href="#style-attribute-fontFamily"><code>tts:fontFamily</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-fontSize" id="feature-fontSize"></a>D.1.31 #fontSize</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-fontSize"></a>D.1.31 #fontSize</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#fontSize</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#style-attribute-fontSize"><code>tts:fontSize</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#fontSize</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <a href="#style-attribute-fontSize"><code>tts:fontSize</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-fontSize-anamorphic" id="feature-fontSize-anamorphic"></a>D.1.32 #fontSize-anamorphic</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-fontSize-anamorphic"></a>D.1.32 #fontSize-anamorphic</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#fontSize-anamorphic</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming values of the <a href="#style-attribute-fontSize"><code>tts:fontSize</code></a>
attribute that consist of two <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> specifications.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#fontSize-anamorphic</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic
support for defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-fontSize"><code>tts:fontSize</code></a>
attribute that consist of two <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> specifications.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-fontSize-isomorphic" id="feature-fontSize-isomorphic"></a>D.1.33 #fontSize-isomorphic</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-fontSize-isomorphic"></a>D.1.33 #fontSize-isomorphic</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#fontSize-isomorphic</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming values of the <a href="#style-attribute-fontSize"><code>tts:fontSize</code></a>
attribute that consist of a single <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> specification.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#fontSize-isomorphic</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic
support for defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-fontSize"><code>tts:fontSize</code></a>
attribute that consist of a single <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> specification.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-fontStyle" id="feature-fontStyle"></a>D.1.34 #fontStyle</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-fontStyle"></a>D.1.34 #fontStyle</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#fontStyle</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-fontStyle"><code>tts:fontStyle</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#fontStyle</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-fontStyle"><code>tts:fontStyle</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-fontStyle-italic" id="feature-fontStyle-italic"></a>D.1.35 #fontStyle-italic</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-fontStyle-italic"></a>D.1.35 #fontStyle-italic</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#fontStyle-italic</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming the <code>italic</code> value of the <a href="#style-attribute-fontStyle"><code>tts:fontStyle</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#fontStyle-italic</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic
support for the <code>italic</code> of the <a href="#style-attribute-fontStyle"><code>tts:fontStyle</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-fontStyle-oblique" id="feature-fontStyle-oblique"></a>D.1.36 #fontStyle-oblique</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-fontStyle-oblique"></a>D.1.36 #fontStyle-oblique</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#fontStyle-oblique</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming the <code>oblique</code> value of the <a href="#style-attribute-fontStyle"><code>tts:fontStyle</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#fontStyle-oblique</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic
support for the <code>oblique</code> of the <a href="#style-attribute-fontStyle"><code>tts:fontStyle</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-fontWeight" id="feature-fontWeight"></a>D.1.37 #fontWeight</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-fontWeight"></a>D.1.37 #fontWeight</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#fontWeight</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-fontWeight"><code>tts:fontWeight</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#fontWeight</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-fontWeight"><code>tts:fontWeight</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-fontWeight-bold" id="feature-fontWeight-bold"></a>D.1.38 #fontWeight-bold</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-fontWeight-bold"></a>D.1.38 #fontWeight-bold</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#fontWeight-bold</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming <code>bold</code> value of the <a href="#style-attribute-fontWeight"><code>tts:fontWeight</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#fontWeight-bold</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic
support for the <code>bold</code> of the <a href="#style-attribute-fontWeight"><code>tts:fontWeight</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-frameRate" id="feature-frameRate"></a>D.1.39 #frameRate</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-frameRate"></a>D.1.39 #frameRate</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#frameRate</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#parameter-attribute-frameRate"><code>ttp:frameRate</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#frameRate</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <a href="#parameter-attribute-frameRate"><code>ttp:frameRate</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-frameRateMultiplier" id="feature-frameRateMultiplier"></a>D.1.40 #frameRateMultiplier</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-frameRateMultiplier"></a>D.1.40 #frameRateMultiplier</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#frameRateMultiplier</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#parameter-attribute-frameRateMultiplier"><code>ttp:frameRateMultiplier</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#frameRateMultiplier</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <a href="#parameter-attribute-frameRateMultiplier"><code>ttp:frameRateMultiplier</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-layout" id="feature-layout"></a>D.1.41 #layout</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#layout</code>
+<h4><a id="feature-layout"></a>D.1.41 #layout</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#layout</code>
feature if it (1) recognizes and is capable of transforming the following
vocabulary defined by <a href="#layout"><b>9 Layout</b></a>:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#layout-vocabulary-layout"><code>layout</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#layout-attribute-region">@<code>region</code></a></p></li></ul><p>and (2) supports the following attributes when applied to the
<a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-extent"><code>tts:extent</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-origin"><code>tts:origin</code></a></p></li></ul><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the <code>#layout</code>
feature if it implements presentation semantic support for the
same vocabulary and features enumerated above.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-length" id="feature-length"></a>D.1.42 #length</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#length</code>
+<h4><a id="feature-length"></a>D.1.42 #length</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#length</code>
feature if it recognizes and is capable of transforming all defined
values of the <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a>
style value expression.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the <code>#length</code>
@@ -5182,7 +5222,7 @@
<code>#length-em</code>,
<code>#length-percentage</code>, and
<code>#length-pixel</code>.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-length-cell" id="feature-length-cell"></a>D.1.43 #length-cell</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-length-cell"></a>D.1.43 #length-cell</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#length-cell</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming scalar values of the <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> style value expression
that use <code>c</code> (cell) units.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
@@ -5193,7 +5233,7 @@
<code>#length-real</code>,
<code>#length-positive</code>, or
<code>#length-negative</code> features.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-length-em" id="feature-length-em"></a>D.1.44 #length-em</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-length-em"></a>D.1.44 #length-em</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#length-em</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming scalar values of the <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> style value expression
that use <code>em</code> (EM) units.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
@@ -5204,7 +5244,7 @@
<code>#length-real</code>,
<code>#length-positive</code>, or
<code>#length-negative</code> features.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-length-integer" id="feature-length-integer"></a>D.1.45 #length-integer</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-length-integer"></a>D.1.45 #length-integer</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#length-integer</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming integer values of the <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> style value
expression.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
@@ -5214,7 +5254,7 @@
</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>Support for <code>#length-integer</code> does not, by itself, imply support for
<code>#length-positive</code> or
<code>#length-negative</code> features.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-length-negative" id="feature-length-negative"></a>D.1.46 #length-negative</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-length-negative"></a>D.1.46 #length-negative</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#length-negative</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming negative values of the <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> style value
expression.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
@@ -5224,7 +5264,7 @@
</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>Support for <code>#length-negative</code> does not, by itself, imply support for
<code>#length-integer</code> or
<code>#length-real</code> features.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-length-percentage" id="feature-length-percentage"></a>D.1.47 #length-percentage</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-length-percentage"></a>D.1.47 #length-percentage</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#length-percentage</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming percentage values of the <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> style value
expression.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
@@ -5236,7 +5276,7 @@
<code>#length-real</code>,
<code>#length-positive</code>, or
<code>#length-negative</code> features.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-length-pixel" id="feature-length-pixel"></a>D.1.48 #length-pixel</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-length-pixel"></a>D.1.48 #length-pixel</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#length-pixel</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming scalar values of the <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> style value expression
that use <code>px</code> (pixel) units.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
@@ -5247,7 +5287,7 @@
<code>#length-real</code>,
<code>#length-positive</code>, or
<code>#length-negative</code> features.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-length-positive" id="feature-length-positive"></a>D.1.49 #length-positive</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-length-positive"></a>D.1.49 #length-positive</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#length-positive</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming positive values of the <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> style value
expression.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
@@ -5259,7 +5299,7 @@
expressions.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>Support for <code>#length-positive</code> does not, by itself, imply support for
<code>#length-integer</code> or
<code>#length-real</code> features.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-length-real" id="feature-length-real"></a>D.1.50 #length-real</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-length-real"></a>D.1.50 #length-real</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#length-real</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming real values of the <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> style value
expression.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
@@ -5271,41 +5311,41 @@
expressions as well as real valued expressions.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>Support for <code>#length-real</code> does not, by itself, imply support for
<code>#length-positive</code> or
<code>#length-negative</code> features.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-lineBreak-uax14" id="feature-lineBreak-uax14"></a>D.1.51 #lineBreak-uax14</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-lineBreak-uax14"></a>D.1.51 #lineBreak-uax14</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#lineBreak-uax14</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming requirements expressed by <a href="#uax14">[UAX14]</a> into its
target document space.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#lineBreak-uax14</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for <a href="#uax14">[UAX14]</a> as applies to line breaking.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-lineHeight" id="feature-lineHeight"></a>D.1.52 #lineHeight</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-lineHeight"></a>D.1.52 #lineHeight</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#lineHeight</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#style-attribute-lineHeight"><code>tts:lineHeight</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#lineHeight</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support for
the <a href="#style-attribute-lineHeight"><code>tts:lineHeight</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-markerMode" id="feature-markerMode"></a>D.1.53 #markerMode</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-markerMode"></a>D.1.53 #markerMode</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#markerMode</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#parameter-attribute-markerMode"><code>ttp:markerMode</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#markerMode</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <a href="#parameter-attribute-markerMode"><code>ttp:markerMode</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-markerMode-continuous" id="feature-markerMode-continuous"></a>D.1.54 #markerMode-continuous</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-markerMode-continuous"></a>D.1.54 #markerMode-continuous</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#markerMode-continuous</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <code>continuous</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-markerMode"><code>ttp:markerMode</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#markerMode-continuous</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <code>continuous</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-markerMode"><code>ttp:markerMode</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-markerMode-discontinuous" id="feature-markerMode-discontinuous"></a>D.1.55 #markerMode-discontinuous</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-markerMode-discontinuous"></a>D.1.55 #markerMode-discontinuous</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#markerMode-discontinuous</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <code>discontinuous</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-markerMode"><code>ttp:markerMode</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#markerMode-discontinuous</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <code>discontinuous</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-markerMode"><code>ttp:markerMode</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-metadata" id="feature-metadata"></a>D.1.56 #metadata</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#metadata</code>
+<h4><a id="feature-metadata"></a>D.1.56 #metadata</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#metadata</code>
feature if it recognizes and is capable of transforming the following
vocabulary defined by <a href="#metadata"><b>12 Metadata</b></a>:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#metadata-vocabulary-metadata"><code>metadata</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#metadata-vocabulary-title"><code>ttm:title</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#metadata-vocabulary-title"><code>ttm:desc</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#metadata-vocabulary-title"><code>ttm:copyright</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#metadata-vocabulary-title"><code>ttm:agent</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#metadata-vocabulary-title"><code>ttm:name</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#metadata-vocabulary-title"><code>ttm:actor</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#metadata-attribute-agent">@<code>ttm:agent</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#metadata-attribute-role">@<code>ttm:role</code></a></p></li></ul><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the <code>#metadata</code>
feature if it recognizes and is capable of presenting the information
@@ -5313,17 +5353,17 @@
presentation of metadata information. The presentation or ability to
present metadata information is considered to be implementation
dependent.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-nested-div" id="feature-nested-div"></a>D.1.57 #nested-div</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#nested-div</code>
+<h4><a id="feature-nested-div"></a>D.1.57 #nested-div</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#nested-div</code>
feature if it recognizes and is capable of transforming nested
<a href="#content-vocabulary-div"><code>div</code></a> elements.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the <code>#nested-div</code>
feature if it implements presentation semantic support for nested
<a href="#content-vocabulary-div"><code>div</code></a> elements.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-nested-span" id="feature-nested-span"></a>D.1.58 #nested-span</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#nested-span</code>
+<h4><a id="feature-nested-span"></a>D.1.58 #nested-span</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#nested-span</code>
feature if it recognizes and is capable of transforming nested
<a href="#content-vocabulary-span"><code>span</code></a> elements.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the <code>#nested-span</code>
feature if it implements presentation semantic support for nested
<a href="#content-vocabulary-span"><code>span</code></a> elements.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-opacity" id="feature-opacity"></a>D.1.59 #opacity</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-opacity"></a>D.1.59 #opacity</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#opacity</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#style-attribute-opacity"><code>tts:opacity</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
@@ -5331,66 +5371,66 @@
the <a href="#style-attribute-opacity"><code>tts:opacity</code></a>
attribute and (2) is capable of displaying or generating an output display
signal that distinguishes between at least eight (8) values of opacity.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-origin" id="feature-origin"></a>D.1.60 #origin</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-origin"></a>D.1.60 #origin</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#origin</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#style-attribute-origin"><code>tts:origin</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#origin</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support for
the <a href="#style-attribute-origin"><code>tts:origin</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-overflow" id="feature-overflow"></a>D.1.61 #overflow</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-overflow"></a>D.1.61 #overflow</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#overflow</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-overflow"><code>tts:overflow</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#overflow</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support for
all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-overflow"><code>tts:overflow</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-overflow-visible" id="feature-overflow-visible"></a>D.1.62 #overflow-visible</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-overflow-visible"></a>D.1.62 #overflow-visible</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#overflow-visible</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <code>visible</code> value of the <a href="#style-attribute-overflow"><code>tts:overflow</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#overflow-visible</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support for
the <code>visible</code> value of the <a href="#style-attribute-overflow"><code>tts:overflow</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-padding" id="feature-padding"></a>D.1.63 #padding</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-padding"></a>D.1.63 #padding</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#padding</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#style-attribute-padding"><code>tts:padding</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#padding</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support for
the <a href="#style-attribute-padding"><code>tts:padding</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-padding-1" id="feature-padding-1"></a>D.1.64 #padding-1</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-padding-1"></a>D.1.64 #padding-1</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#padding-1</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming values of the <a href="#style-attribute-padding"><code>tts:padding</code></a> attribute
that consist of one <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> specification.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the <code>#padding-1</code>
feature if it implements presentation semantic support for values of the <a href="#style-attribute-padding"><code>tts:padding</code></a> attribute
that consist of one <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> specification.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-padding-2" id="feature-padding-2"></a>D.1.65 #padding-2</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-padding-2"></a>D.1.65 #padding-2</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#padding-2</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming values of the <a href="#style-attribute-padding"><code>tts:padding</code></a> attribute
that consist of two <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> specification.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the <code>#padding-2</code>
feature if it implements presentation semantic support for values of the <a href="#style-attribute-padding"><code>tts:padding</code></a> attribute
that consist of two <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> specification.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-padding-3" id="feature-padding-3"></a>D.1.66 #padding-3</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-padding-3"></a>D.1.66 #padding-3</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#padding-3</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming values of the <a href="#style-attribute-padding"><code>tts:padding</code></a> attribute
that consist of three <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> specification.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the <code>#padding-3</code>
feature if it implements presentation semantic support for values of the <a href="#style-attribute-padding"><code>tts:padding</code></a> attribute
that consist of three <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> specification.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-padding-4" id="feature-padding-4"></a>D.1.67 #padding-4</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-padding-4"></a>D.1.67 #padding-4</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#padding-4</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming values of the <a href="#style-attribute-padding"><code>tts:padding</code></a> attribute
that consist of four <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> specification.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the <code>#padding-4</code>
feature if it implements presentation semantic support for values of the <a href="#style-attribute-padding"><code>tts:padding</code></a> attribute
that consist of four <a href="#style-value-length"><length></a> specification.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-pixelAspectRatio" id="feature-pixelAspectRatio"></a>D.1.68 #pixelAspectRatio</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-pixelAspectRatio"></a>D.1.68 #pixelAspectRatio</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#pixelAspectRatio</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#parameter-attribute-pixelAspectRatio"><code>ttp:pixelAspectRatio</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#pixelAspectRatio</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <a href="#parameter-attribute-pixelAspectRatio"><code>ttp:pixelAspectRatio</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-presentation" id="feature-presentation"></a>D.1.69 #presentation</h4><p>A TTML processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-presentation"></a>D.1.69 #presentation</h4><p>A TTML processor supports the
<code>#presentation</code> feature if it
(1) satisfies the generic processor criteria defined by
<a href="#conformance-generic-processor"><b>3.2.1 Generic Processor Conformance</b></a>,
@@ -5401,7 +5441,7 @@
In addition, a TTML processor that supports the
<code>#presentation</code> feature should satisfy the user agent
accessibility guidelines specified by <a href="#uaag">[UAAG]</a>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-profile" id="feature-profile"></a>D.1.70 #profile</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#profile</code>
+<h4><a id="feature-profile"></a>D.1.70 #profile</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#profile</code>
feature if it recognizes and is capable of transforming the
<a href="#parameter-attribute-profile"><code>ttp:profile</code></a>
attribute on the <a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-tt"><code>tt</code></a> element and
@@ -5409,70 +5449,70 @@
<a href="#parameter-element-vocabulary"><b>6.1 Parameter Element Vocabulary</b></a>:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#parameter-vocabulary-profile"><code>ttp:profile</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-vocabulary-features"><code>ttp:features</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-vocabulary-feature"><code>ttp:feature</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-vocabulary-extensions"><code>ttp:extensions</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#parameter-vocabulary-extension"><code>ttp:extension</code></a></p></li></ul><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#profile</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the same vocabulary specified above.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-showBackground" id="feature-showBackground"></a>D.1.71 #showBackground</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-showBackground"></a>D.1.71 #showBackground</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#showBackground</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable
of transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-showBackground"><code>tts:showBackground</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#showBackground</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-showBackground"><code>tts:showBackground</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-structure" id="feature-structure"></a>D.1.72 #structure</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#structure</code>
+<h4><a id="feature-structure"></a>D.1.72 #structure</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#structure</code>
feature if it recognizes and is capable of transforming the following
vocabulary defined by <a href="#content"><b>7 Content</b></a>:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-tt"><code>tt</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-head"><code>head</code></a></p></li></ul><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the <code>#structure</code>
feature if it implements presentation semantic support for the
same vocabulary enumerated above.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-styling" id="feature-styling"></a>D.1.73 #styling</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#styling</code>
+<h4><a id="feature-styling"></a>D.1.73 #styling</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#styling</code>
feature if it recognizes and is capable of transforming the following
vocabulary defined by <a href="#styling"><b>8 Styling</b></a>:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#styling-vocabulary-styling"><code>styling</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#styling-vocabulary-style"><code>style</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-style">@<code>style</code></a></p></li></ul><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the <code>#styling</code>
feature if it implements presentation semantic support for the
same vocabulary enumerated above.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-styling-chained" id="feature-styling-chained"></a>D.1.74 #styling-chained</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-styling-chained"></a>D.1.74 #styling-chained</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#styling-chained</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable
of transforming chained style association as defined by <a href="#semantics-style-association-chained-referential"><b>8.4.1.3 Chained Referential Styling</b></a>.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#styling-chained</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic
support for chained style association as defined by <a href="#semantics-style-association-chained-referential"><b>8.4.1.3 Chained Referential Styling</b></a>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-styling-inheritance-content" id="feature-styling-inheritance-content"></a>D.1.75 #styling-inheritance-content</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-styling-inheritance-content"></a>D.1.75 #styling-inheritance-content</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#styling-inheritance</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming content style inheritance as defined by
<a href="#semantics-style-inheritance-content"><b>8.4.2.1 Content Style Inheritance</b></a>.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#styling-inheritance-content</code> feature if it implements
presentation semantic support for content style inheritance as defined by <a href="#semantics-style-inheritance-content"><b>8.4.2.1 Content Style Inheritance</b></a>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-styling-inheritance-region" id="feature-styling-inheritance-region"></a>D.1.76 #styling-inheritance-region</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-styling-inheritance-region"></a>D.1.76 #styling-inheritance-region</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#styling-inheritance</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming region style inheritance as defined by
<a href="#semantics-style-inheritance-region"><b>8.4.2.2 Region Style Inheritance</b></a>.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#styling-inheritance-region</code> feature if it implements
presentation semantic support for region style inheritance as defined by <a href="#semantics-style-inheritance-region"><b>8.4.2.2 Region Style Inheritance</b></a>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-styling-inline" id="feature-styling-inline"></a>D.1.77 #styling-inline</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-styling-inline"></a>D.1.77 #styling-inline</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#styling-inline</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable
of transforming inline style association as defined by <a href="#semantics-style-association-inline"><b>8.4.1.1 Inline Styling</b></a>.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#styling-inline</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for inline style association as defined by <a href="#semantics-style-association-inline"><b>8.4.1.1 Inline Styling</b></a>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-styling-nested" id="feature-styling-nested"></a>D.1.78 #styling-nested</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-styling-nested"></a>D.1.78 #styling-nested</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#styling-nested</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable
of transforming nested style association as defined by <a href="#semantics-style-association-nested"><b>8.4.1.4 Nested Styling</b></a>.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#styling-nested</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for nested style association as defined by <a href="#semantics-style-association-nested"><b>8.4.1.4 Nested Styling</b></a>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-styling-referential" id="feature-styling-referential"></a>D.1.79 #styling-referential</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-styling-referential"></a>D.1.79 #styling-referential</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#styling-referential</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable
of transforming referential style association as defined by <a href="#semantics-style-association-referential"><b>8.4.1.2 Referential Styling</b></a>.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#styling-referential</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic
support for referential style association as defined by <a href="#semantics-style-association-referential"><b>8.4.1.2 Referential Styling</b></a>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-subFrameRate" id="feature-subFrameRate"></a>D.1.80 #subFrameRate</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-subFrameRate"></a>D.1.80 #subFrameRate</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#subFrameRate</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#parameter-attribute-subFrameRate"><code>ttp:subFrameRate</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#subFrameRate</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <a href="#parameter-attribute-subFrameRate"><code>ttp:subFrameRate</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-textAlign" id="feature-textAlign"></a>D.1.81 #textAlign</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-textAlign"></a>D.1.81 #textAlign</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#textAlign</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable
of transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textAlign"><code>tts:textAlign</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#textAlign</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textAlign"><code>tts:textAlign</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-textAlign-absolute" id="feature-textAlign-absolute"></a>D.1.82 #textAlign-absolute</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-textAlign-absolute"></a>D.1.82 #textAlign-absolute</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#textAlign-absolute</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming the <code>left</code>, <code>center</code>,
and <code>right</code> values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textAlign"><code>tts:textAlign</code></a>
@@ -5481,7 +5521,7 @@
support for the <code>left</code>, <code>center</code>, and
<code>right</code> values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textAlign"><code>tts:textAlign</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-textAlign-relative" id="feature-textAlign-relative"></a>D.1.83 #textAlign-relative</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-textAlign-relative"></a>D.1.83 #textAlign-relative</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#textAlign-relative</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming the <code>start</code>, <code>center</code>,
and <code>end</code> values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textAlign"><code>tts:textAlign</code></a>
@@ -5490,14 +5530,14 @@
support for the <code>start</code>, <code>center</code>, and
<code>end</code> values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textAlign"><code>tts:textAlign</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-textDecoration" id="feature-textDecoration"></a>D.1.84 #textDecoration</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-textDecoration"></a>D.1.84 #textDecoration</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#textDecoration</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable
of transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textDecoration"><code>tts:textDecoration</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#textDecoration</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textDecoration"><code>tts:textDecoration</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-textDecoration-over" id="feature-textDecoration-over"></a>D.1.85 #textDecoration-over</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-textDecoration-over"></a>D.1.85 #textDecoration-over</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#textDecoration-over</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming the <code>overline</code> and
<code>noOverline</code> values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textDecoration"><code>tts:textDecoration</code></a>
@@ -5506,7 +5546,7 @@
presentation semantic support for the <code>overline</code> and
<code>noOverline</code> values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textDecoration"><code>tts:textDecoration</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-textDecoration-through" id="feature-textDecoration-through"></a>D.1.86 #textDecoration-through</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-textDecoration-through"></a>D.1.86 #textDecoration-through</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#textDecoration-through</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming the <code>lineThrough</code> and
<code>noLineThrough</code> values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textDecoration"><code>tts:textDecoration</code></a>
@@ -5515,7 +5555,7 @@
presentation semantic support for the <code>lineThrough</code> and
<code>noLineThrough</code> values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textDecoration"><code>tts:textDecoration</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-textDecoration-under" id="feature-textDecoration-under"></a>D.1.87 #textDecoration-under</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-textDecoration-under"></a>D.1.87 #textDecoration-under</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#textDecoration-under</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming the <code>underline</code> and
<code>noUnderline</code> values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textDecoration"><code>tts:textDecoration</code></a>
@@ -5524,63 +5564,63 @@
presentation semantic support for the <code>underline</code> and
<code>noUnderline</code> values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textDecoration"><code>tts:textDecoration</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-textOutline" id="feature-textOutline"></a>D.1.88 #textOutline</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-textOutline"></a>D.1.88 #textOutline</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#textOutline</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#style-attribute-textOutline"><code>tts:textOutline</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#textOutline</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <a href="#style-attribute-textOutline"><code>tts:textOutline</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-textOutline-blurred" id="feature-textOutline-blurred"></a>D.1.89 #textOutline-blurred</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-textOutline-blurred"></a>D.1.89 #textOutline-blurred</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#textOutline-blurred</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textOutline"><code>tts:textOutline</code></a>
attribute that includes a blur radius specification.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#textOutline-blurred</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textOutline"><code>tts:textOutline</code></a>
attribute that includes a blur radius specification.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-textOutline-unblurred" id="feature-textOutline-unblurred"></a>D.1.90 #textOutline-unblurred</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-textOutline-unblurred"></a>D.1.90 #textOutline-unblurred</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#textOutline-unblurred</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textOutline"><code>tts:textOutline</code></a>
attribute that does not include a blur radius specification.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#textOutline-unblurred</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for values of the <a href="#style-attribute-textOutline"><code>tts:textOutline</code></a>
attribute that does not include a blur radius specification.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-tickRate" id="feature-tickRate"></a>D.1.91 #tickRate</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-tickRate"></a>D.1.91 #tickRate</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#tickRate</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#parameter-attribute-tickRate"><code>ttp:tickRate</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#tickRate</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <a href="#parameter-attribute-tickRate"><code>ttp:tickRate</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-timeBase-clock" id="feature-timeBase-clock"></a>D.1.92 #timeBase-clock</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-timeBase-clock"></a>D.1.92 #timeBase-clock</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#timeBase-clock</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable
of transforming the <code>clock</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-timeBase"><code>ttp:timeBase</code></a>
attribute and if it supports the <a href="#feature-clockMode"><code>#clockMode</code></a> feature.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#timeBase-clock</code> feature if it implements presentation
semantic support for the <code>clock</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-timeBase"><code>ttp:timeBase</code></a>
attribute and if it supports the <a href="#feature-clockMode"><code>#clockMode</code></a> feature.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-timeBase-media" id="feature-timeBase-media"></a>D.1.93 #timeBase-media</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-timeBase-media"></a>D.1.93 #timeBase-media</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#timeBase-media</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable
of transforming the <code>media</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-timeBase"><code>ttp:timeBase</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#timeBase-media</code> feature if it implements presentation
semantic support for the <code>media</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-timeBase"><code>ttp:timeBase</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-timeBase-smpte" id="feature-timeBase-smpte"></a>D.1.94 #timeBase-smpte</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-timeBase-smpte"></a>D.1.94 #timeBase-smpte</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#timeBase-smpte</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable
of transforming the <code>smpte</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-timeBase"><code>ttp:timeBase</code></a>
attribute and if it supports the <a href="#feature-dropMode"><code>#dropMode</code></a> feature.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#timeBase-smpte</code> feature if it implements presentation
semantic support for the <code>smpte</code> value of the <a href="#parameter-attribute-timeBase"><code>ttp:timeBase</code></a>
attribute and if it supports the <a href="#feature-dropMode"><code>#dropMode</code></a> feature.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-timeContainer" id="feature-timeContainer"></a>D.1.95 #timeContainer</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-timeContainer"></a>D.1.95 #timeContainer</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#timeContainer</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#timing-attribute-timeContainer"><code>timeContainer</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#timeContainer</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for the <a href="#timing-attribute-timeContainer"><code>timeContainer</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-time-clock" id="feature-time-clock"></a>D.1.96 #time-clock</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-time-clock"></a>D.1.96 #time-clock</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#time-clock</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming all values of the <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><timeExpression></a> that
satisfy the following subset of time expression syntax:</p><div class="exampleInner"><pre>
@@ -5589,7 +5629,7 @@
</pre></div><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#time-clock</code> feature if it implements presentation
semantic support for the same syntax specified above.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-time-clock-with-frames" id="feature-time-clock-with-frames"></a>D.1.97 #time-clock-with-frames</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-time-clock-with-frames"></a>D.1.97 #time-clock-with-frames</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#time-clock-with-frames</code> feature if it supports the
<a href="#feature-frameRate"><code>#frameRate</code></a>,
<a href="#feature-frameRateMultiplier"><code>#frameRateMultiplier</code></a>, and
@@ -5603,7 +5643,7 @@
<code>#time-clock-with-frames</code> feature if it implements
presentation semantic support for the same features and syntax
specified above.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-time-offset" id="feature-time-offset"></a>D.1.98 #time-offset</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-time-offset"></a>D.1.98 #time-offset</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#time-offset</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming all values of the <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><timeExpression></a> that
satisfy the following subset of time expression syntax:</p><div class="exampleInner"><pre>
@@ -5612,7 +5652,7 @@
</pre></div><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#time-offset</code> feature if it implements presentation
semantic support for the same syntax specified above.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-time-offset-with-frames" id="feature-time-offset-with-frames"></a>D.1.99 #time-offset-with-frames</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-time-offset-with-frames"></a>D.1.99 #time-offset-with-frames</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#time-offset-with-frames</code> feature if it supports the
<a href="#feature-frameRate"><code>#frameRate</code></a>,
<a href="#feature-frameRateMultiplier"><code>#frameRateMultiplier</code></a>, and
@@ -5626,7 +5666,7 @@
<code>#time-offset-with-frames</code> feature if it implements
presentation semantic support for the same features and syntax
specified above.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-time-offset-with-ticks" id="feature-time-offset-with-ticks"></a>D.1.100 #time-offset-with-ticks</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-time-offset-with-ticks"></a>D.1.100 #time-offset-with-ticks</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#time-offset-with-ticks</code> feature if it supports the
<a href="#feature-tickRate"><code>#tickRate</code></a> feature
and if it recognizes and is capable of
@@ -5637,31 +5677,31 @@
</pre></div><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#time-offset-with-ticks</code> feature if it implements presentation
semantic support for the same features and syntax specified above.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-timing" id="feature-timing"></a>D.1.101 #timing</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#timing</code>
+<h4><a id="feature-timing"></a>D.1.101 #timing</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the <code>#timing</code>
feature if it recognizes and is capable of transforming the following
vocabulary defined by <a href="#timing"><b>10 Timing</b></a>:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#timing-attribute-begin">@<code>begin</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#timing-attribute-dur">@<code>dur</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#timing-attribute-end">@<code>end</code></a></p></li></ul><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the <code>#timing</code>
feature if it implements presentation semantic support for the
same vocabulary enumerated above.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-transformation" id="feature-transformation"></a>D.1.102 #transformation</h4><p>A TTML processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-transformation"></a>D.1.102 #transformation</h4><p>A TTML processor supports the
<code>#transformation</code> feature if it
(1) satisfies the generic processor criteria defined by
<a href="#conformance-generic-processor"><b>3.2.1 Generic Processor Conformance</b></a> and
(2) implements the transformation semantics of the following features:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#content"><code>#content</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#feature-core"><code>#core</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#feature-profile"><code>#profile</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#feature-structure"><code>#structure</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#feature-time-offset"><code>#time-offset</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#timing"><code>#timing</code></a></p></li></ul></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-unicodeBidi" id="feature-unicodeBidi"></a>D.1.103 #unicodeBidi</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-unicodeBidi"></a>D.1.103 #unicodeBidi</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#unicodeBidi</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-unicodeBidi"><code>tts:unicodeBidi</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#unicodeBidi</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-unicodeBidi"><code>tts:unicodeBidi</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-visibility" id="feature-visibility"></a>D.1.104 #visibility</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-visibility"></a>D.1.104 #visibility</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#visibility</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable
of transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-visibility"><code>tts:visibility</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#visibility</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-visibility"><code>tts:visibility</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-visibility-block" id="feature-visibility-block"></a>D.1.105 #visibility-block</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-visibility-block"></a>D.1.105 #visibility-block</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#visibility-block</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-visibility"><code>tts:visibility</code></a>
attribute when applied to a content element that would generate a
@@ -5670,7 +5710,7 @@
support for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-visibility"><code>tts:visibility</code></a>
attribute when applied to a content element that generates a
block area.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-visibility-inline" id="feature-visibility-inline"></a>D.1.106 #visibility-inline</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-visibility-inline"></a>D.1.106 #visibility-inline</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#visibility-inline</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-visibility"><code>tts:visibility</code></a>
attribute when applied to a content element that would generate an
@@ -5679,28 +5719,28 @@
support for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-visibility"><code>tts:visibility</code></a>
attribute when applied to a content element that generates an
inline area.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-visibility-region" id="feature-visibility-region"></a>D.1.107 #visibility-region</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-visibility-region"></a>D.1.107 #visibility-region</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#visibility-region</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-visibility"><code>tts:visibility</code></a>
attribute when applied to a <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#visibility-region</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic
support for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-visibility"><code>tts:visibility</code></a>
attribute when applied to a <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-wrapOption" id="feature-wrapOption"></a>D.1.108 #wrapOption</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-wrapOption"></a>D.1.108 #wrapOption</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#wrapOption</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable
of transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-wrapOption"><code>tts:wrapOption</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#wrapOption</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-wrapOption"><code>tts:wrapOption</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-writingMode" id="feature-writingMode"></a>D.1.109 #writingMode</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-writingMode"></a>D.1.109 #writingMode</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#writingMode</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable
of transforming all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-writingMode"><code>tts:writingMode</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#writingMode</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support
for all defined values of the <a href="#style-attribute-writingMode"><code>tts:writingMode</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-writingMode-vertical" id="feature-writingMode-vertical"></a>D.1.110 #writingMode-vertical</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-writingMode-vertical"></a>D.1.110 #writingMode-vertical</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#writingMode-vertical</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming the <code>tbrl</code>, <code>tblr</code>, and
<code>tb</code> values of the <a href="#style-attribute-writingMode"><code>tts:writingMode</code></a>
@@ -5709,7 +5749,7 @@
support for the <code>tbrl</code>, <code>tblr</code>, and
<code>tb</code> values of the <a href="#style-attribute-writingMode"><code>tts:writingMode</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-writingMode-horizontal" id="feature-writingMode-horizontal"></a>D.1.111 #writingMode-horizontal</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-writingMode-horizontal"></a>D.1.111 #writingMode-horizontal</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#writingMode-horizontal</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming the <code>lrtb</code>, <code>rltb</code>,
<code>lr</code> and <code>rl</code> values of the <a href="#style-attribute-writingMode"><code>tts:writingMode</code></a>
@@ -5718,7 +5758,7 @@
support for the <code>lrtb</code>, <code>rltb</code>, <code>lr</code>
and <code>rl</code> values of the <a href="#style-attribute-writingMode"><code>tts:writingMode</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-writingMode-horizontal-lr" id="feature-writingMode-horizontal-lr"></a>D.1.112 #writingMode-horizontal-lr</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-writingMode-horizontal-lr"></a>D.1.112 #writingMode-horizontal-lr</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#writingMode-horizontal</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming the <code>lrtb</code> and <code>lr</code>
values of the <a href="#style-attribute-writingMode"><code>tts:writingMode</code></a>
@@ -5727,7 +5767,7 @@
support for the <code>lrtb</code> and <code>lr</code> values of the
<a href="#style-attribute-writingMode"><code>tts:writingMode</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-writingMode-horizontal-rl" id="feature-writingMode-horizontal-rl"></a>D.1.113 #writingMode-horizontal-rl</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-writingMode-horizontal-rl"></a>D.1.113 #writingMode-horizontal-rl</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#writingMode-horizontal</code> feature if it recognizes and is
capable of transforming the <code>rltb</code> and <code>rl</code>
values of the <a href="#style-attribute-writingMode"><code>tts:writingMode</code></a>
@@ -5736,25 +5776,25 @@
support for the <code>rltb</code> and <code>rl</code> values of the
<a href="#style-attribute-writingMode"><code>tts:writingMode</code></a>
attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a name="feature-zIndex" id="feature-zIndex"></a>D.1.114 #zIndex</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
+<h4><a id="feature-zIndex"></a>D.1.114 #zIndex</h4><p>A TTML transformation processor supports the
<code>#zIndex</code> feature if it recognizes and is capable of
transforming the <a href="#style-attribute-zIndex"><code>tts:zIndex</code></a>
attribute.</p><p>A TTML presentation processor supports the
<code>#zIndex</code> feature if it implements presentation semantic support for
the <a href="#style-attribute-zIndex"><code>tts:zIndex</code></a>
attribute.</p></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="feature-support" id="feature-support"></a>D.2 Feature Support</h3><p>The following table, <a href="#feature-support-table"><b>Table D-1 – Feature Support</b></a>,
+<h3><a id="feature-support"></a>D.2 Feature Support</h3><p>The following table, <a href="#feature-support-table"><b>Table D-1 – Feature Support</b></a>,
enumerates every defined feature designation (expressed without the TT
Feature Namespace), and, for each designated feature, specifies
whether the feature must be implemented, i.e., is mandatory (M), or may be implemented, i.e.,
-is optional (O), for transformation and presentation processors.</p><a name="feature-support-table" id="feature-support-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table D-1 – Feature Support</caption><col width="60%" span="1"><col width="20%" span="1"><col width="20%" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Feature</span></td><td><span class="strong">Transformation</span></td><td><span class="strong">Presentation</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-animation"><code>#animation</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-backgroundColor"><code>#backgroundColor</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-backgroundColor-block"><code>#backgroundColor-block</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-backgroundColor-inline"><code>#backgroundColor-inline</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-backgroundColor-region"><code>#backgroundColor-region</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-bidi"><code>#bidi</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-cellResolution"><code>#cellResolution</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-clockMode"><code>#clockMode</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-clockMode-gps"><code>#clockMode-gps</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-clockMode-local"><code>#clockMode-local</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-clockMode-utc"><code>#clockMode-utc</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-color"><code>#color</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-content"><code>#content</code></a></td><td>M</td><td>M</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-core"><code>#core</code></a></td><td>M</td><td>M</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-direction"><code>#direction</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-display"><code>#display</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-display-block"><code>#display-block</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-display-inline"><code>#display-inline</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-display-region"><code>#display-region</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-displayAlign"><code>#displayAlign</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-dropMode"><code>#dropMode</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-dropMode-dropNTSC"><code>#dropMode-dropNTSC</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-dropMode-dropPAL"><code>#dropMode-dropPAL</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-dropMode-nonDrop"><code>#dropMode-nonDrop</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-extent"><code>#extent</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-extent-region"><code>#extent-region</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-extent-root"><code>#extent-root</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontFamily"><code>#fontFamily</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontFamily-generic"><code>#fontFamily-generic</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontFamily-non-generic"><code>#fontFamily-non-generic</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontSize"><code>#fontSize</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontSize-anamorphic"><code>#fontSize-anamorphic</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontSize-isomorphic"><code>#fontSize-isomorphic</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontStyle"><code>#fontStyle</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontStyle-italic"><code>#fontStyle-italic</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontStyle-oblique"><code>#fontStyle-oblique</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontWeight"><code>#fontWeight</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontWeight-bold"><code>#fontWeight-bold</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-frameRate"><code>#frameRate</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-frameRateMultiplier"><code>#frameRateMultiplier</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-layout"><code>#layout</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length"><code>#length</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length-cell"><code>#length-cell</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length-em"><code>#length-em</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length-integer"><code>#length-integer</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length-negative"><code>#length-negative</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length-percentage"><code>#length-percentage</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length-pixel"><code>#length-pixel</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length-positive"><code>#length-positive</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length-real"><code>#length-real</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-lineBreak-uax14"><code>#lineBreak-uax14</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-lineHeight"><code>#lineHeight</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-markerMode"><code>#markerMode</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-markerMode-continuous"><code>#markerMode-continuous</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-markerMode-discontinuous"><code>#markerMode-discontinuous</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-metadata"><code>#metadata</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-nested-div"><code>#nested-div</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-nested-span"><code>#nested-span</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-opacity"><code>#opacity</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-origin"><code>#origin</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-overflow"><code>#overflow</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-overflow-visible"><code>#overflow-visible</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-padding"><code>#padding</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-padding-1"><code>#padding-1</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-padding-2"><code>#padding-2</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-padding-3"><code>#padding-3</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-padding-4"><code>#padding-4</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-pixelAspectRatio"><code>#pixelAspectRatio</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-presentation"><code>#presentation</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>M</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-profile"><code>#profile</code></a></td><td>M</td><td>M</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-showBackground"><code>#showBackground</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-structure"><code>#structure</code></a></td><td>M</td><td>M</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-styling"><code>#styling</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-styling-chained"><code>#styling-chained</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-styling-inheritance-content"><code>#styling-inheritance-content</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-styling-inheritance-region"><code>#styling-inheritance-region</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-styling-inline"><code>#styling-inline</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-styling-nested"><code>#styling-nested</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-styling-referential"><code>#styling-referential</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-subFrameRate"><code>#subFrameRate</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textAlign"><code>#textAlign</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textAlign-absolute"><code>#textAlign-absolute</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textAlign-relative"><code>#textAlign-relative</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textDecoration"><code>#textDecoration</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textDecoration-over"><code>#textDecoration-over</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textDecoration-through"><code>#textDecoration-through</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textDecoration-under"><code>#textDecoration-under</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textOutline"><code>#textOutline</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textOutline-blurred"><code>#textOutline-blurred</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textOutline-unblurred"><code>#textOutline-unblurred</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-tickRate"><code>#tickRate</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-timeBase-clock"><code>#timeBase-clock</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-timeBase-media"><code>#timeBase-media</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-timeBase-smpte"><code>#timeBase-smpte</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-timeContainer"><code>#timeContainer</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-time-clock"><code>#time-clock</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-time-clock-with-frames"><code>#time-clock-with-frames</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-time-offset"><code>#time-offset</code></a></td><td>M</td><td>M</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-time-offset-with-frames"><code>#time-offset-with-frames</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-time-offset-with-ticks"><code>#time-offset-with-ticks</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-timing"><code>#timing</code></a></td><td>M</td><td>M</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-transformation"><code>#transformation</code></a></td><td>M</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-unicodeBidi"><code>#unicodeBidi</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-visibility"><code>#visibility</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-visibility-block"><code>#visibility-block</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-visibility-inline"><code>#visibility-inline</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-visibility-region"><code>#visibility-region</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-wrapOption"><code>#wrapOption</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-writingMode"><code>#writingMode</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-writingMode-vertical"><code>#writingMode-vertical</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-writingMode-horizontal"><code>#writingMode-horizontal</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-writingMode-horizontal-lr"><code>#writingMode-horizontal-lr</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-writingMode-horizontal-rl"><code>#writingMode-horizontal-rl</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-zIndex"><code>#zIndex</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr></tbody></table><p>For the sake of convenience, the following table,
+is optional (O), for transformation and presentation processors.</p><a id="feature-support-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table D-1 – Feature Support</caption><col width="60%" span="1"><col width="20%" span="1"><col width="20%" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Feature</span></td><td><span class="strong">Transformation</span></td><td><span class="strong">Presentation</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-animation"><code>#animation</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-backgroundColor"><code>#backgroundColor</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-backgroundColor-block"><code>#backgroundColor-block</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-backgroundColor-inline"><code>#backgroundColor-inline</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-backgroundColor-region"><code>#backgroundColor-region</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-bidi"><code>#bidi</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-cellResolution"><code>#cellResolution</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-clockMode"><code>#clockMode</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-clockMode-gps"><code>#clockMode-gps</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-clockMode-local"><code>#clockMode-local</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-clockMode-utc"><code>#clockMode-utc</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-color"><code>#color</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-content"><code>#content</code></a></td><td>M</td><td>M</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-core"><code>#core</code></a></td><td>M</td><td>M</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-direction"><code>#direction</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-display"><code>#display</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-display-block"><code>#display-block</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-display-inline"><code>#display-inline</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-display-region"><code>#display-region</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-displayAlign"><code>#displayAlign</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-dropMode"><code>#dropMode</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-dropMode-dropNTSC"><code>#dropMode-dropNTSC</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-dropMode-dropPAL"><code>#dropMode-dropPAL</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-dropMode-nonDrop"><code>#dropMode-nonDrop</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-extent"><code>#extent</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-extent-region"><code>#extent-region</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-extent-root"><code>#extent-root</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontFamily"><code>#fontFamily</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontFamily-generic"><code>#fontFamily-generic</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontFamily-non-generic"><code>#fontFamily-non-generic</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontSize"><code>#fontSize</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontSize-anamorphic"><code>#fontSize-anamorphic</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontSize-isomorphic"><code>#fontSize-isomorphic</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontStyle"><code>#fontStyle</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontStyle-italic"><code>#fontStyle-italic</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontStyle-oblique"><code>#fontStyle-oblique</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontWeight"><code>#fontWeight</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-fontWeight-bold"><code>#fontWeight-bold</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-frameRate"><code>#frameRate</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-frameRateMultiplier"><code>#frameRateMultiplier</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-layout"><code>#layout</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length"><code>#length</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length-cell"><code>#length-cell</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length-em"><code>#length-em</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length-integer"><code>#length-integer</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length-negative"><code>#length-negative</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length-percentage"><code>#length-percentage</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length-pixel"><code>#length-pixel</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length-positive"><code>#length-positive</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-length-real"><code>#length-real</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-lineBreak-uax14"><code>#lineBreak-uax14</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-lineHeight"><code>#lineHeight</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-markerMode"><code>#markerMode</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-markerMode-continuous"><code>#markerMode-continuous</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-markerMode-discontinuous"><code>#markerMode-discontinuous</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-metadata"><code>#metadata</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-nested-div"><code>#nested-div</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-nested-span"><code>#nested-span</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-opacity"><code>#opacity</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-origin"><code>#origin</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-overflow"><code>#overflow</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-overflow-visible"><code>#overflow-visible</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-padding"><code>#padding</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-padding-1"><code>#padding-1</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-padding-2"><code>#padding-2</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-padding-3"><code>#padding-3</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-padding-4"><code>#padding-4</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-pixelAspectRatio"><code>#pixelAspectRatio</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-presentation"><code>#presentation</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>M</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-profile"><code>#profile</code></a></td><td>M</td><td>M</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-showBackground"><code>#showBackground</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-structure"><code>#structure</code></a></td><td>M</td><td>M</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-styling"><code>#styling</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-styling-chained"><code>#styling-chained</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-styling-inheritance-content"><code>#styling-inheritance-content</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-styling-inheritance-region"><code>#styling-inheritance-region</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-styling-inline"><code>#styling-inline</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-styling-nested"><code>#styling-nested</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-styling-referential"><code>#styling-referential</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-subFrameRate"><code>#subFrameRate</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textAlign"><code>#textAlign</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textAlign-absolute"><code>#textAlign-absolute</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textAlign-relative"><code>#textAlign-relative</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textDecoration"><code>#textDecoration</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textDecoration-over"><code>#textDecoration-over</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textDecoration-through"><code>#textDecoration-through</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textDecoration-under"><code>#textDecoration-under</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textOutline"><code>#textOutline</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textOutline-blurred"><code>#textOutline-blurred</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-textOutline-unblurred"><code>#textOutline-unblurred</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-tickRate"><code>#tickRate</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-timeBase-clock"><code>#timeBase-clock</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-timeBase-media"><code>#timeBase-media</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-timeBase-smpte"><code>#timeBase-smpte</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-timeContainer"><code>#timeContainer</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-time-clock"><code>#time-clock</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-time-clock-with-frames"><code>#time-clock-with-frames</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-time-offset"><code>#time-offset</code></a></td><td>M</td><td>M</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-time-offset-with-frames"><code>#time-offset-with-frames</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-time-offset-with-ticks"><code>#time-offset-with-ticks</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-timing"><code>#timing</code></a></td><td>M</td><td>M</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-transformation"><code>#transformation</code></a></td><td>M</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-unicodeBidi"><code>#unicodeBidi</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-visibility"><code>#visibility</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-visibility-block"><code>#visibility-block</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-visibility-inline"><code>#visibility-inline</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-visibility-region"><code>#visibility-region</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-wrapOption"><code>#wrapOption</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-writingMode"><code>#writingMode</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-writingMode-vertical"><code>#writingMode-vertical</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-writingMode-horizontal"><code>#writingMode-horizontal</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-writingMode-horizontal-lr"><code>#writingMode-horizontal-lr</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-writingMode-horizontal-rl"><code>#writingMode-horizontal-rl</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-zIndex"><code>#zIndex</code></a></td><td>O</td><td>O</td></tr></tbody></table><p>For the sake of convenience, the following table,
<a href="#feature-transformation-mandatory-table"><b>Table D-2 – Mandatory Features - Transformation</b></a>, enumerates all
mandatory features for a TTML Transformation Processor, providing additional
comments to summarize the context of usage or the nature of the feature.
-The TTML Profile Definition Document that defines the corresponding
+The <em>Profile Definition Document</em> that defines the corresponding
DFXP Transformation Profile is specified in
<a href="#profile-dfxp-transformation"><b>F.1 DFXP Transformation Profile</b></a>.
-</p><a name="feature-transformation-mandatory-table" id="feature-transformation-mandatory-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table D-2 – Mandatory Features - Transformation</caption><col width="60%" span="1"><col width="40%" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Feature</span></td><td><span class="strong">Comments</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-content"><code>#content</code></a></td><td>
+</p><a id="feature-transformation-mandatory-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table D-2 – Mandatory Features - Transformation</caption><col width="60%" span="1"><col width="40%" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Feature</span></td><td><span class="strong">Comments</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-content"><code>#content</code></a></td><td>
<a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><code>body</code></a>,
<a href="#content-vocabulary-div"><code>div</code></a>,
<a href="#content-vocabulary-p"><code>p</code></a>,
@@ -5775,10 +5815,10 @@
<a href="#feature-presentation-mandatory-table"><b>Table D-3 – Mandatory Features - Presentation</b></a>, enumerates all
mandatory features for a TTML Presentation Processor, providing additional
comments to summarize the context of usage or the nature of the feature.
-The TTML Profile Definition Document that defines the corresponding
+The <em>Profile Definition Document</em> that defines the corresponding
DFXP Presentation Profile is specified in
<a href="#profile-dfxp-presentation"><b>F.2 DFXP Presentation Profile</b></a>.
-</p><a name="feature-presentation-mandatory-table" id="feature-presentation-mandatory-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table D-3 – Mandatory Features - Presentation</caption><col width="60%" span="1"><col width="40%" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Feature</span></td><td><span class="strong">Comments</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-content"><code>#content</code></a></td><td>
+</p><a id="feature-presentation-mandatory-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table D-3 – Mandatory Features - Presentation</caption><col width="60%" span="1"><col width="40%" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Feature</span></td><td><span class="strong">Comments</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#feature-content"><code>#content</code></a></td><td>
<a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><code>body</code></a>,
<a href="#content-vocabulary-div"><code>div</code></a>,
<a href="#content-vocabulary-p"><code>p</code></a>,
@@ -5796,10 +5836,10 @@
<a href="#timing-attribute-dur">@<code>dur</code></a>,
<a href="#timing-attribute-end">@<code>end</code></a>
</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="extensions" id="extensions"></a>E Extensions</h2><p><em>This appendix is normative.</em></p><p>This appendix specifies the syntactic form of extension designations, which are
+<h2><a id="extensions"></a>E Extensions</h2><p><em>This appendix is normative.</em></p><p>This appendix specifies the syntactic form of extension designations, which are
used to express authorial intent regarding the support for extension
mechanisms in a TTML processor.</p><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="extension-designations" id="extension-designations"></a>E.1 Extension Designations</h3><p>An extension designation is expressed as a string that adheres to the following
+<h3><a id="extension-designations"></a>E.1 Extension Designations</h3><p>An extension designation is expressed as a string that adheres to the following
form:</p><div class="exampleInner"><pre>
extension-designation
: extension-namespace designation
@@ -5822,10 +5862,10 @@
capable of serving as a base URI used in combination with a
<code>designation</code> token that takes the form of a fragment
identifier.</p></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="profiles" id="profiles"></a>F Profiles</h2><p><em>This appendix is normative.</em></p><p>This appendix specifies the following standard TTML profiles:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#profile-dfxp-transformation"><b>F.1 DFXP Transformation Profile</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#profile-dfxp-presentation"><b>F.2 DFXP Presentation Profile</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#profile-dfxp-full"><b>F.3 DFXP Full Profile</b></a></p></li></ul><p>Each TTML profile is defined in terms of a TTML Profile Definition Document,
+<h2><a id="profiles"></a>F Profiles</h2><p><em>This appendix is normative.</em></p><p>This appendix specifies the following standard TTML profiles:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#profile-dfxp-transformation"><b>F.1 DFXP Transformation Profile</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#profile-dfxp-presentation"><b>F.2 DFXP Presentation Profile</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#profile-dfxp-full"><b>F.3 DFXP Full Profile</b></a></p></li></ul><p>Each TTML profile is defined in terms of a <em>Profile Definition Document</em>,
which is expressed as an XML document wherein the root element adheres to
<a href="#parameter-vocabulary-profile"><b>6.1.1 ttp:profile</b></a>.</p><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="profile-dfxp-transformation" id="profile-dfxp-transformation"></a>F.1 DFXP Transformation Profile</h3><p>The DFXP Transformation Profile is intended to be used to
+<h3><a id="profile-dfxp-transformation"></a>F.1 DFXP Transformation Profile</h3><p>The DFXP Transformation Profile is intended to be used to
express minimum compliance for transformation processing.</p><div class="exampleInner"><pre><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!-- this file defines the "dfxp-transformation" profile of ttaf1 -->
<profile xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#parameter">
@@ -5954,7 +5994,7 @@
</profile>
</pre></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="profile-dfxp-presentation" id="profile-dfxp-presentation"></a>F.2 DFXP Presentation Profile</h3><p>The DFXP Presentation Profile is intended to be used to
+<h3><a id="profile-dfxp-presentation"></a>F.2 DFXP Presentation Profile</h3><p>The DFXP Presentation Profile is intended to be used to
express minimum compliance for presentation processing.</p><div class="exampleInner"><pre><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!-- this file defines the "dfxp-presentation" profile of ttaf1-dfxp -->
<profile xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#parameter">
@@ -6083,7 +6123,7 @@
</profile>
</pre></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="profile-dfxp-full" id="profile-dfxp-full"></a>F.3 DFXP Full Profile</h3><p>The DFXP Full Profile is intended to be used to
+<h3><a id="profile-dfxp-full"></a>F.3 DFXP Full Profile</h3><p>The DFXP Full Profile is intended to be used to
express maximum compliance for both transformation and presentation processing.</p><div class="exampleInner"><pre><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!-- this file defines the "dfxp-full" profile of ttaf1-dfxp -->
<profile xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#parameter">
@@ -6212,173 +6252,173 @@
</profile>
</pre></div></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="references" id="references"></a>G References</h2><p><em>This appendix is normative.</em></p><dl><dt class="label"><a name="css2" id="css2"></a>CSS2</dt><dd>Bert Bos et al.,
+<h2><a id="references"></a>G References</h2><p><em>This appendix is normative.</em></p><dl><dt class="label"><a id="css2"></a>CSS2</dt><dd>Bert Bos et al.,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512/"><cite>Cascading
Style Sheets, Level 2</cite></a>, W3C Recommendation, 12
May 1998. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512/">http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512/</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="gps" id="gps"></a>GPS</dt><dd>
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="gps"></a>GPS</dt><dd>
<a href="http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/gpsinfo.html"><cite>Global
Positioning System</cite></a>, US Naval Observatory.
(See
<a href="http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/gpsinfo.html">http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/gpsinfo.html</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="media-types" id="media-types"></a>Media Types</dt><dd>Ned Freed and Nathaniel Borenstein,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="media-types"></a>Media Types</dt><dd>Ned Freed and Nathaniel Borenstein,
<a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt"><cite>Multipurpose Internet
Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Two: Media Types</cite></a>,
RFC 2046, November 1996, IETF.(See
<a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt">http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="rng" id="rng"></a>RELAX NG</dt><dd>ISO/IEC 19757-2,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="rng"></a>RELAX NG</dt><dd>ISO/IEC 19757-2,
<a href="http://www.iso.org/"><cite>Information technology – Document
Schema Definition Language (DSDL) – Part 2: Regular-grammar-based validation – RELAX NG</cite></a>,
International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="smil21" id="smil21"></a>SMIL 2.1</dt><dd>Dick Bultermann, et al.,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="smil21"></a>SMIL 2.1</dt><dd>Dick Bultermann, et al.,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-SMIL2-20051213/"><cite>Synchronized
Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL 2.1)</cite></a>,
W3C Recommendation, 13 December 2005. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-SMIL2-20051213/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-SMIL2-20051213/</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="smpte12m" id="smpte12m"></a>SMPTE 12M</dt><dd>ANSI/SMPTE 12M,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="smpte12m"></a>SMPTE 12M</dt><dd>ANSI/SMPTE 12M,
<a href="https://www.smpte.org/"><cite>Television, Audio and Film –
Time and Control Code</cite></a>, SMPTE Standard.
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="srgb" id="srgb"></a>SRGB</dt><dd>IEC 61966-2-1,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="srgb"></a>SRGB</dt><dd>IEC 61966-2-1,
<a href="http://www.iec.ch/"><cite>Multimedia
systems and equipment – Colour measurement and management
– Part 2-1: Colour management – Default RGB colour space
– sRGB</cite></a>, International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC).
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="uaag" id="uaag"></a>UAAG</dt><dd>Ian Jacobs, Jon Gunderson, and Eric Hansen, Eds.,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="uaag"></a>UAAG</dt><dd>Ian Jacobs, Jon Gunderson, and Eric Hansen, Eds.,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-UAAG10-20021217/"><cite>User
Agent Accessibility Guidelines 1.0</cite></a>, W3C Recommendation, 17
December 2002. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-UAAG10-20021217/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-UAAG10-20021217/</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="utc" id="utc"></a>UTC</dt><dd>
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="utc"></a>UTC</dt><dd>
Recommendation TF.460,
<a href="http://www.itu.int/"><cite>Standard-Frequency and Time-Signal
Emissions</cite></a>, International
Telecommunciations Union, Radio Sector (ITU-R).
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="uax14" id="uax14"></a>UAX14</dt><dd>Asmus Freytag, <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr14/tr14-17.html"><cite>Line Breaking
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="uax14"></a>UAX14</dt><dd>Asmus Freytag, <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr14/tr14-17.html"><cite>Line Breaking
Properties</cite></a>, Unicode Consortium, 29 August 2005. (See
<a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr14/tr14-17.html">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr14/tr14-17.html</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="wcag" id="wcag"></a>WCAG</dt><dd>Ben Caldwell, et al., Eds.,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="wcag"></a>WCAG</dt><dd>Ben Caldwell, et al., Eds.,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-WCAG20-20081211/"><cite>Web
Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0</cite></a>, W3C Recommendation, 11 December 2008. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-WCAG20-20081211/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-WCAG20-20081211/</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="xml10" id="xml10"></a>XML 1.0</dt><dd>Tim Bray, et al.
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="xml10"></a>XML 1.0</dt><dd>Tim Bray, et al.
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-xml-20081126/"><cite>Extensible Markup Language (XML)
1.0 (Fifth Edition)</cite></a>, W3C Recommendation, 26 November 2008. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-xml-20081126/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-xml-20081126/</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="xml11" id="xml11"></a>XML 1.1</dt><dd>Tim Bray, et al.
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="xml11"></a>XML 1.1</dt><dd>Tim Bray, et al.
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816/"><cite>Extensible Markup Language (XML)
1.1 (Second Edition)</cite></a>, W3C Recommendation, 16 August 2006, edited in place 29 September 2006. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816/</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="xmlbase" id="xmlbase"></a>XML Base</dt><dd>Jonathan Marsh and Richard Tobin, Eds.,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="xmlbase"></a>XML Base</dt><dd>Jonathan Marsh and Richard Tobin, Eds.,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xmlbase-20090128/"><cite>XML Base (Second Edition)</cite></a>,
W3C Recommendation, 28 January 2009. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xmlbase-20090128/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xmlbase-20090128/</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="xmlid" id="xmlid"></a>XML ID</dt><dd>Jonathan Marsh, Daniel Veillard, Norman Walsh, Eds.,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="xmlid"></a>XML ID</dt><dd>Jonathan Marsh, Daniel Veillard, Norman Walsh, Eds.,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-xml-id-20050909/"><cite>xml:id Version 1.0</cite></a>,
W3C Recommendation, 09 September 2005. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-xml-id-20050909/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-xml-id-20050909/</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="xml-media" id="xml-media"></a>XML Media</dt><dd>Makato Murata, Simon St. Laurent,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="xml-media"></a>XML Media</dt><dd>Makato Murata, Simon St. Laurent,
Kan Khon, Eds., <a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt"><cite>XML Media Types</cite></a>,
RFC 3023, January 2001, IETF.(See
<a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt">http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="infoset" id="infoset"></a>XML InfoSet</dt><dd>John Cowan and Richard Tobin, Eds.,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="infoset"></a>XML InfoSet</dt><dd>John Cowan and Richard Tobin, Eds.,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xml-infoset-20040204/"><cite>XML Information Set (Second Edition)</cite></a>,
W3C Recommendation, 04 February 2004. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xml-infoset-20040204/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xml-infoset-20040204/</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="rfc3023" id="rfc3023"></a>XML Media Types</dt><dd>Makato Murata, et al.,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="rfc3023"></a>XML Media Types</dt><dd>Makato Murata, et al.,
<a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt"><cite>XML Media Types</cite></a>,
RFC 3023, January 2001, IETF.(See
<a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt">http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="xmlns10" id="xmlns10"></a>XML Namespaces 1.0</dt><dd>Tim Bray, et al.
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="xmlns10"></a>XML Namespaces 1.0</dt><dd>Tim Bray, et al.
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/"><cite>Namespaces
in XML 1.0 (Third Edition)</cite></a>, W3C Recommendation, 8 December 2009. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="xsd-1" id="xsd-1"></a>XML Schema Part 1</dt><dd>Henry S. Thompson, David Beech,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="xsd-1"></a>XML Schema Part 1</dt><dd>Henry S. Thompson, David Beech,
Murray Maloney, Noah Mendelsohn, Eds.,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/"><cite>XML Schema Part 1: Structures</cite></a>,
W3C Recommendation, 28 October 2004. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/">http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="xsd-2" id="xsd-2"></a>XML Schema Part 2</dt><dd>Paul Biron and Ashok Malhotra,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="xsd-2"></a>XML Schema Part 2</dt><dd>Paul Biron and Ashok Malhotra,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/"><cite>XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes</cite></a>,
W3C Recommendation, 28 October 2004. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/">http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="xsl11" id="xsl11"></a>XSL 1.1</dt><dd>Anders Berglund,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="xsl11"></a>XSL 1.1</dt><dd>Anders Berglund,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/"><cite>Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) Version 1.1</cite></a>,
W3C Recommendation, 05 December 2006. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xsl11-20061205/</a>.)
</dd></dl></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="other-references" id="other-references"></a>H Other References (Non-Normative)</h2><dl><dt class="label"><a name="ccreq" id="ccreq"></a>CC-DECODER-REQ</dt><dd><a href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2005-title47-vol1/xml/CFR-2005-title47-vol1-sec15-119.xml"><cite>Closed Caption Decoder
+<h2><a id="other-references"></a>H Other References (Non-Normative)</h2><dl><dt class="label"><a id="ccreq"></a>CC-DECODER-REQ</dt><dd><a href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2005-title47-vol1/xml/CFR-2005-title47-vol1-sec15-119.xml"><cite>Closed Caption Decoder
Requirements for Analog Television</cite></a>,
United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 47, Volume 1, Part 15, § 15.119. (See
<a href="http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2005-title47-vol1/xml/CFR-2005-title47-vol1-sec15-119.xml">http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2005-title47-vol1/xml/CFR-2005-title47-vol1-sec15-119.xml</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="cea608c" id="cea608c"></a>CEA-608-C</dt><dd>
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="cea608c"></a>CEA-608-C</dt><dd>
EIA/CEA-608-C,
<a href="http://www.ce.org/"><cite>Line 21 Data
Services</cite></a>, EIA/CEA Standard,
Consumer Electronics Association (CEA).
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="cea708d" id="cea708d"></a>CEA-708-D</dt><dd>
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="cea708d"></a>CEA-708-D</dt><dd>
CEA-708-D,
<a href="http://www.ce.org/"><cite>Digital Television (DTV) Closed Captioning</cite></a>, CEA Standard,
Consumer Electronics Association (CEA).
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="css3-color" id="css3-color"></a>CSS3 Color</dt><dd>Tantek Çelik and Chris Lilley,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="css3-color"></a>CSS3 Color</dt><dd>Tantek Çelik and Chris Lilley,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/CR-css3-color-20030514/"><cite>CSS3 Color
Module</cite></a>, W3C Candidate Recommendation, 14 May 2003. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/CR-css3-color-20030514/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/CR-css3-color-20030514/</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="dcmes" id="dcmes"></a>DCMES 1.1</dt><dd>Dublin Core Metadata Initiative,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="dcmes"></a>DCMES 1.1</dt><dd>Dublin Core Metadata Initiative,
<a href="http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/"><cite>Dublin Core Metadata Element Set, Version 1.1: Reference Description</cite></a>. (See
<a href="http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/">http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="mpeg7-5" id="mpeg7-5"></a>MPEG7-5</dt><dd>
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="mpeg7-5"></a>MPEG7-5</dt><dd>
ISO/IEC 15938-5,
<a href="http://www.iso.org/"><cite>Information technology – Multimedia content description
interface – Part 5: Multimedia description schemes</cite></a>,
International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="nsstate" id="nsstate"></a>NSState</dt><dd>Norman Walsh, Ed.,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="nsstate"></a>NSState</dt><dd>Norman Walsh, Ed.,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/tag/doc/namespaceState-2006-01-09.html"><cite>The Disposition
of Names in an XML Namespace</cite></a>, TAG Finding, 9 January 2006. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/tag/doc/namespaceState-2006-01-09.html">http://www.w3.org/2001/tag/doc/namespaceState-2006-01-09</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="qaf-sg" id="qaf-sg"></a>QAF SG</dt><dd>Karl Dubost, et al.,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="qaf-sg"></a>QAF SG</dt><dd>Karl Dubost, et al.,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/"><cite>QA
Framework: Specifications Guidelines</cite></a>, W3C Recommendation, 17
August 2005. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/qaframe-spec/">http://www.w3.org/TR/qaframe-spec/</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="smpte170m" id="smpte170m"></a>SMPTE 170M</dt><dd>ANSI/SMPTE 170M,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="smpte170m"></a>SMPTE 170M</dt><dd>ANSI/SMPTE 170M,
<a href="http://www.smpte.org/"><cite>Television – Composite Analog Video
Signal – NTSC for Studio Applications</cite></a>, SMPTE Standard.
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="smpte2052" id="smpte2052"></a>SMPTE 2052-11</dt><dd>SMPTE 2052-11,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="smpte2052"></a>SMPTE 2052-11</dt><dd>SMPTE 2052-11,
<a href="http://www.smpte.org/"><cite>Conversion from CEA-708 Caption Data to SMPTE-TT</cite></a>,
SMPTE Recommended Practice.
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="svg11" id="svg11"></a>SVG 1.1</dt><dd>Jon Ferraiolo, Jun Fujisawa, Dean Jackson, Eds.,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="svg11"></a>SVG 1.1</dt><dd>Jon Ferraiolo, Jun Fujisawa, Dean Jackson, Eds.,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-SVG11-20030114/"><cite>Scalable
Vector Graphics (SVG) 1.1 Specification</cite></a>, W3C Recommendation, 14
January 2003. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-SVG11-20030114/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-SVG11-20030114/</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="ttaf1-req" id="ttaf1-req"></a>TTAF1-REQ</dt><dd>Glenn Adams, Ed.,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="ttaf1-req"></a>TTAF1-REQ</dt><dd>Glenn Adams, Ed.,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/NOTE-ttaf1-req-20060427/"><cite>Timed Text (TT) Authoring Format 1.0 Use
Cases and Requirements</cite></a>,
W3C Working Group Note, 27 April 2006. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/NOTE-ttaf1-req-20060427/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/NOTE-ttaf1-req-20060427/</a>.)
-</dd><dt class="label"><a name="xhtml10" id="xhtml10"></a>XHTML 1.0</dt><dd>Steven Pemberton, et al.,
+</dd><dt class="label"><a id="xhtml10"></a>XHTML 1.0</dt><dd>Steven Pemberton, et al.,
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xhtml1-20020801/"><cite>XHTML™ 1.0,
The Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (Second Edition)</cite></a>,
W3C Recommendation, 01
August 2002. (See
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xhtml1-20020801/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xhtml1-20020801/</a>.)
</dd></dl></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="requirements" id="requirements"></a>I Requirements (Non-Normative)</h2><p>The Distribution Format Exchange Profile (DFXP) of the Timed Text Authoring
+<h2><a id="requirements"></a>I Requirements (Non-Normative)</h2><p>The Distribution Format Exchange Profile (DFXP) of the Timed Text Authoring
Format (TTML) satisfies a subset of the requirements established by
<a href="#ttaf1-req">[TTAF1-REQ]</a>. The following table enumerates these requirements and
indicates the extent to which they are satisfied by this specification, where
<em>S</em> denotes a requirement is satisfied, <em>P</em> denotes
a requirement is partially satisfied, and <em>N</em> denotes a
-requirement is not satisfied.</p><a name="requirements-table" id="requirements-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table I-1 – Requirement Satisfaction</caption><col width="10%" span="1"><col width="40%" span="1"><col width="10%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><th>ID</th><th>Name</th><th>Status</th><th>Comments</th></tr><tr><td>R100</td><td>Specification Format</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R101</td><td>Specification Modularity</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R102</td><td>Specification Organization</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R103</td><td>Core and Periphery</td><td>S</td><td>TT extension namespaces</td></tr><tr><td>R104</td><td>Evolution of Core</td><td>S</td><td>TT extension namespaces</td></tr><tr><td>R105</td><td>Ownership of Core</td><td>S</td><td>TT namespaces</td></tr><tr><td>R106</td><td>Surjection of Core</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R107</td><td>Evolution of Periphery</td><td>S</td><td>TT extension namespaces</td></tr><tr><td>R108</td><td>Ownership of Periphery</td><td>S</td><td>Non-TT namespaces</td></tr><tr><td>R109</td><td>Transformation</td><td>S</td><td>Supports 3GPP, QText, RealText, SAMI</td></tr><tr><td>R110</td><td>Streamable Transformation</td><td>S</td><td>Progressive decoding</td></tr><tr><td>R111</td><td>Accessibility – Content</td><td>S</td><td>Alternative document instances</td></tr><tr><td>R112</td><td>Accessibility – Authoring System</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R200</td><td>Authorability</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R201</td><td>Multiple Natural Languages</td><td>S</td><td>Alternative document instances</td></tr><tr><td>R202</td><td>Natural Language Coverage</td><td>S</td><td>Unicode 4.0</td></tr><tr><td>R203</td><td>Natural Language Association Granularity</td><td>S</td><td>See <code>xml:lang</code></td></tr><tr><td>R204</td><td>Minimum Character Representability</td><td>S</td><td>Unicode 4.0</td></tr><tr><td>R205</td><td>Intrinsic and Extrinsic Text Content</td><td>P</td><td>Intrinsic only</td></tr><tr><td>R206</td><td>Markup Association</td><td>P</td><td>Intrinsic only</td></tr><tr><td>R207</td><td>Conditional Content</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R208</td><td>Flowed Text</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R209</td><td>Logical Flowed Text Vocabulary</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R210</td><td>Presentational Flowed Text Vocabulary</td><td>S</td><td>Implied mapping from logical flowed text.</td></tr><tr><td>R211</td><td>Flowed Text Vocabulary Relationship</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R212</td><td>Flowed Text Vocabulary Separation</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R213</td><td>Non-Flowed Text</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R214</td><td>Non-Flowed Text Vocabulary</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R215</td><td>Hybrid Flowed and Non-Flowed Text</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R216</td><td>Hyperlinking</td><td>N</td><td>Can support via XLink</td></tr><tr><td>R217</td><td>Embedded Graphics</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R218</td><td>Non-Embedded Graphics</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R219</td><td>Embedded Fonts</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R220</td><td>Non-Embedded Fonts</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R221</td><td>Descriptive Vocabulary</td><td>S</td><td>See <code>ttm:agent</code>, <code>ttm:role</code></td></tr><tr><td>R222</td><td>Embedded Audio</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R223</td><td>Non-Embedded Audio</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R290</td><td>Markup Format</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R291</td><td>Markup Format and Unicode Interaction</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R292</td><td>Extrinsic Resource References</td><td>N</td><td>No extrinsic references</td></tr><tr><td>R293</td><td>Schema Validity Specification</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R300</td><td>Inline Styling</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R301</td><td>Inline Styling Form</td><td>P</td><td>Inline and referential styling</td></tr><tr><td>R301</td><td>Out-of-Line Styling</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R301</td><td>Out-of-Line Styling Form</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R304</td><td>Styling Prioritization</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R305</td><td>Style Parameters – Aural</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R306</td><td>Style Parameters – Visual</td><td>P</td><td>Supports absolute position, background color, color, display none, display alignment,
+requirement is not satisfied.</p><a id="requirements-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table I-1 – Requirement Satisfaction</caption><col width="10%" span="1"><col width="40%" span="1"><col width="10%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><th>ID</th><th>Name</th><th>Status</th><th>Comments</th></tr><tr><td>R100</td><td>Specification Format</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R101</td><td>Specification Modularity</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R102</td><td>Specification Organization</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R103</td><td>Core and Periphery</td><td>S</td><td>TT extension namespaces</td></tr><tr><td>R104</td><td>Evolution of Core</td><td>S</td><td>TT extension namespaces</td></tr><tr><td>R105</td><td>Ownership of Core</td><td>S</td><td>TT namespaces</td></tr><tr><td>R106</td><td>Surjection of Core</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R107</td><td>Evolution of Periphery</td><td>S</td><td>TT extension namespaces</td></tr><tr><td>R108</td><td>Ownership of Periphery</td><td>S</td><td>Non-TT namespaces</td></tr><tr><td>R109</td><td>Transformation</td><td>S</td><td>Supports 3GPP, QText, RealText, SAMI</td></tr><tr><td>R110</td><td>Streamable Transformation</td><td>S</td><td>Progressive decoding</td></tr><tr><td>R111</td><td>Accessibility – Content</td><td>S</td><td>Alternative document instances</td></tr><tr><td>R112</td><td>Accessibility – Authoring System</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R200</td><td>Authorability</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R201</td><td>Multiple Natural Languages</td><td>S</td><td>Alternative document instances</td></tr><tr><td>R202</td><td>Natural Language Coverage</td><td>S</td><td>Unicode 4.0</td></tr><tr><td>R203</td><td>Natural Language Association Granularity</td><td>S</td><td>See <code>xml:lang</code></td></tr><tr><td>R204</td><td>Minimum Character Representability</td><td>S</td><td>Unicode 4.0</td></tr><tr><td>R205</td><td>Intrinsic and Extrinsic Text Content</td><td>P</td><td>Intrinsic only</td></tr><tr><td>R206</td><td>Markup Association</td><td>P</td><td>Intrinsic only</td></tr><tr><td>R207</td><td>Conditional Content</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R208</td><td>Flowed Text</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R209</td><td>Logical Flowed Text Vocabulary</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R210</td><td>Presentational Flowed Text Vocabulary</td><td>S</td><td>Implied mapping from logical flowed text.</td></tr><tr><td>R211</td><td>Flowed Text Vocabulary Relationship</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R212</td><td>Flowed Text Vocabulary Separation</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R213</td><td>Non-Flowed Text</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R214</td><td>Non-Flowed Text Vocabulary</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R215</td><td>Hybrid Flowed and Non-Flowed Text</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R216</td><td>Hyperlinking</td><td>N</td><td>Can support via XLink</td></tr><tr><td>R217</td><td>Embedded Graphics</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R218</td><td>Non-Embedded Graphics</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R219</td><td>Embedded Fonts</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R220</td><td>Non-Embedded Fonts</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R221</td><td>Descriptive Vocabulary</td><td>S</td><td>See <code>ttm:agent</code>, <code>ttm:role</code></td></tr><tr><td>R222</td><td>Embedded Audio</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R223</td><td>Non-Embedded Audio</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R290</td><td>Markup Format</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R291</td><td>Markup Format and Unicode Interaction</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R292</td><td>Extrinsic Resource References</td><td>N</td><td>No extrinsic references</td></tr><tr><td>R293</td><td>Schema Validity Specification</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R300</td><td>Inline Styling</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R301</td><td>Inline Styling Form</td><td>P</td><td>Inline and referential styling</td></tr><tr><td>R301</td><td>Out-of-Line Styling</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R301</td><td>Out-of-Line Styling Form</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R304</td><td>Styling Prioritization</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R305</td><td>Style Parameters – Aural</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R306</td><td>Style Parameters – Visual</td><td>P</td><td>Supports absolute position, background color, color, display none, display alignment,
font family, font size, font style, font weight, height, line height, origin,
opacity, overflow, padding (before, after, start, end), text alignment,
text shadow (as outline), visibility, width, writing mode, z-index</td></tr><tr><td>R390</td><td>Style Parameter Symmetry</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R391</td><td>Style Parameter Definitions</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R392</td><td>Style Parameter Shorthands</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R401</td><td>Inline Timing</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R402</td><td>Out-of-Line Timing</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R403</td><td>Synchronization Parameters</td><td>P</td><td>Supports begin, end, dur</td></tr><tr><td>R404</td><td>Synchronization Parameter Value Spaces</td><td>P</td><td>Supports offset values, media marker values (SMPTE 12M), wall-clock values</td></tr><tr><td>R405</td><td>Time Containment Semantics</td><td>P</td><td>Supports sequential, parallel</td></tr><tr><td>R500</td><td>Animation Modes</td><td>P</td><td>Supports discrete</td></tr><tr><td>R502</td><td>Highlight Animation</td><td>S</td><td><code><set tts:backgroundColor="..."/></code></td></tr><tr><td>R503</td><td>Fade Transition Animation</td><td>S</td><td><code><set tts:opacity="..."/></code></td></tr><tr><td>R504</td><td>Animated Style Parameters – Aural</td><td>N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R505</td><td>Animated Style Parameters – Visual</td><td>P</td><td>Supports animating background color, color, display, opacity, origin, visibility</td></tr><tr><td>N506</td><td>Animated Content</td><td>S</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>R600</td><td>Metadata Item Association</td><td>S</td><td>See <code>metadata</code>, <code>Metadata.class</code></td></tr><tr><td>R601</td><td>Metadata Item Constituents</td><td>P</td><td>Supports name, value</td></tr><tr><td>R602</td><td>Metadata Item Value Representation</td><td>P</td><td>See <code>metadata</code></td></tr><tr><td>R603</td><td>Metadata Item Extensibility</td><td>S</td><td>See <code>metadata</code></td></tr><tr><td>R604</td><td>Metadata Item Validation</td><td>S</td><td>See <code>metadata</code></td></tr><tr><td>R690</td><td>Dublin Core Preference</td><td>N</td><td>Uses <code>ttm:copyright</code>, <code>ttm:desc</code>, <code>ttm:title</code></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="derivation" id="derivation"></a>J Vocabulary Derivation (Non-Normative)</h2><p>This appendix provides information about the derivation of TTML
+<h2><a id="derivation"></a>J Vocabulary Derivation (Non-Normative)</h2><p>This appendix provides information about the derivation of TTML
vocabulary, separately describing derivation of elements and
attributes.</p><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="d3e17572" id="d3e17572"></a>J.1 Element Derivation</h3><p>The first column of <a href="#element-vocab-derivation-table"><b>Table J-1 – Elements</b></a>
+<h3><a id="d3e18212"></a>J.1 Element Derivation</h3><p>The first column of <a href="#element-vocab-derivation-table"><b>Table J-1 – Elements</b></a>
specifies a TTML element vocabulary item; the second column specifies the
syntactic and/or semantic model on which the vocabulary item is based;
the third column specifies the reference that defines
@@ -6394,7 +6434,7 @@
corresponding TTML element; in contrast, the details column includes
"+@begin", which denotes that a <code>begin</code> attribute is added
that is not specified for use with the <code>xhtml:div</code> model
-element.</p><a name="element-vocab-derivation-table" id="element-vocab-derivation-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table J-1 – Elements</caption><col width="20%" span="1"><col width="17%" span="1"><col width="13%" align="center" span="1"><col width="40%" span="1"><col width="10%" align="center" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Element</span></td><td><span class="strong">Model</span></td><td><span class="strong">Reference</span></td><td><span class="strong">Details</span></td><td><span class="strong">Notes</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><code>tt:body</code></a></td><td><code>xhtml:body</code></td><td><a href="#xhtml10">[XHTML 1.0]</a></td><td>-@class, -@dir, -@lang, -@on*, -@title; +@begin, +@dur, +@end, +@region,
+element.</p><a id="element-vocab-derivation-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table J-1 – Elements</caption><col width="20%" span="1"><col width="17%" span="1"><col width="13%" align="center" span="1"><col width="40%" span="1"><col width="10%" align="center" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Element</span></td><td><span class="strong">Model</span></td><td><span class="strong">Reference</span></td><td><span class="strong">Details</span></td><td><span class="strong">Notes</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><code>tt:body</code></a></td><td><code>xhtml:body</code></td><td><a href="#xhtml10">[XHTML 1.0]</a></td><td>-@class, -@dir, -@lang, -@on*, -@title; +@begin, +@dur, +@end, +@region,
+@timeContainer, +@ttm:*, +@tts:*; content model
subsetted to zero or more division (div) children, and supersetted by
optional metadata and animation children</td><td>1,2</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#content-vocabulary-br"><code>tt:br</code></a></td><td><code>xhtml:br</code></td><td><a href="#xhtml10">[XHTML 1.0]</a></td><td>-@class, -@title; +@ttm:*, +@tts:*, +@xml:lang, +@xml:space;
@@ -6433,7 +6473,7 @@
and <code>@requiredFeatures</code> on the <code>svg:svg</code> element,
but extended to support distinct specification of optionality.</p></li><li><p>Derived from the use of <code>@baseProfile</code>
and <code>@version</code> on the <code>svg:svg</code> element.</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="d3e18051" id="d3e18051"></a>J.2 Attribute Derivation</h3><p>The first column of <a href="#attribute-vocab-derivation-table"><b>Table J-2 – Attributes</b></a>
+<h3><a id="d3e18691"></a>J.2 Attribute Derivation</h3><p>The first column of <a href="#attribute-vocab-derivation-table"><b>Table J-2 – Attributes</b></a>
specifies a TTML attribute vocabulary item; the second column specifies the
syntactic and/or semantic model on which the vocabulary item is based;
the third column specifies the reference that defines
@@ -6454,7 +6494,7 @@
that are uniquely defined for a specific TTML element type are not
listed below, but are considered to be part of the specific element
type's derivation described in <a href="#element-vocab-derivation-table"><b>Table J-1 – Elements</b></a>
-above.</p><a name="attribute-vocab-derivation-table" id="attribute-vocab-derivation-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table J-2 – Attributes</caption><col width="20%" span="1"><col width="17%" span="1"><col width="13%" align="center" span="1"><col width="40%" span="1"><col width="10%" align="center" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Attribute</span></td><td><span class="strong">Model</span></td><td><span class="strong">Reference</span></td><td><span class="strong">Details</span></td><td><span class="strong">Notes</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#timing-attribute-begin"><code>begin</code></a></td><td><code>begin</code></td><td><a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a></td><td>see notes</td><td>2,3,4</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#timing-attribute-dur"><code>dur</code></a></td><td><code>dur</code></td><td><a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a></td><td>see notes</td><td>2,3,4</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#timing-attribute-end"><code>end</code></a></td><td><code>end</code></td><td><a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a></td><td>see notes</td><td>2,3,4</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#layout-attribute-region"><code>region</code></a></td><td><code>master-reference</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td>conceptual derivation</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-style"><code>style</code></a></td><td><code>class</code></td><td><a href="#css2">[CSS2]</a></td><td>dereferences style specification(s) directly</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#timing-attribute-timeContainer"><code>timeContainer</code></a></td><td><code>timeContainer</code></td><td><a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a></td><td>-excl, -none; no default attribute value</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#metadata-attribute-agent"><code>ttm:agent</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>used to attribute agent of content</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#metadata-attribute-role"><code>ttm:role</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>used to attribute role of content</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-cellResolution"><code>ttp:cellResolution</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>expresses uniform grid resolution for cell based coordinates</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-clockMode"><code>ttp:clockMode</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>determines how to interpret time expressions</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-frameRate"><code>ttp:frameRate</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>expresses integral frame rate</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-frameRateMultiplier"><code>ttp:frameRateMultiplier</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>used to express non-integral, rational frame rates</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-markerMode"><code>ttp:markerMode</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>expresses marker continuity semantics</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-pixelAspectRatio"><code>ttp:pixelAspectRatio</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>expresses pixel aspect ratio of related media</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-profile"><code>ttp:profile</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>expresses profile of TTML used by document instance</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-dropMode"><code>ttp:dropMode</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>expresses frame counting (drop) modes</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-subFrameRate"><code>ttp:subFrameRate</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>expresses sub-frame rate</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-tickRate"><code>ttp:tickRate</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>used to interpret tick based time expressions</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-timeBase"><code>ttp:timeBase</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>used to interpret semantics of time expressions</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-backgroundColor"><code>tts:backgroundColor</code></a></td><td><code>background-color</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>1,6</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-color"><code>tts:color</code></a></td><td><code>color</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-direction"><code>tts:direction</code></a></td><td><code>direction</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-display"><code>tts:display</code></a></td><td><code>display</code></td><td><a href="#css2">[CSS2]</a></td><td>only <code>auto</code>, <code>none</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-displayAlign"><code>tts:displayAlign</code></a></td><td><code>display-align</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-extent"><code>tts:extent</code></a></td><td><code>width</code>, <code>height</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td>shorthand property</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-fontFamily"><code>tts:fontFamily</code></a></td><td><code>font-family</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code>, extends generic family names</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-fontSize"><code>tts:fontSize</code></a></td><td><code>font-size</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>1,7</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-fontWeight"><code>tts:fontWeight</code></a></td><td><code>font-weight</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code>, <code>-bolder</code>, <code>-lighter</code>, <code>-<number></code></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-lineHeight"><code>tts:lineHeight</code></a></td><td><code>line-height</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code>, <code>-<number></code>, <code>-<space></code></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-opacity"><code>tts:opacity</code></a></td><td><code>opacity</code></td><td><a href="#css3-color">[CSS3 Color]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-origin"><code>tts:origin</code></a></td><td><code>top</code>, <code>left</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td>shorthand property</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-overflow"><code>tts:overflow</code></a></td><td><code>overflow</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code>, <code>-auto</code>, <code>-error-if-overflow</code>;</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-padding"><code>tts:padding</code></a></td><td><code>padding</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-showBackground"><code>tts:showBackground</code></a></td><td><code>showBackground</code></td><td><a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-textAlign"><code>tts:textAlign</code></a></td><td><code>text-align</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-textDecoration"><code>tts:textDecoration</code></a></td><td><code>text-decoration</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>1,10,13</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-textOutline"><code>tts:textOutline</code></a></td><td><code>text-shadow</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>11,13</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-unicodeBidi"><code>tts:unicodeBidi</code></a></td><td><code>unicode-bidi</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-visibility"><code>tts:visibility</code></a></td><td><code>visibility</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code>, <code>-collapse</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-wrapOption"><code>tts:wrapOption</code></a></td><td><code>wrap-option</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-writingMode"><code>tts:writingMode</code></a></td><td><code>writing-mode</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code>, <code>+tblr</code></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-zIndex"><code>tts:zIndex</code></a></td><td><code>z-index</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#content-attribute-id"><code>xml:id</code></a></td><td><code>xml:id</code></td><td><a href="#xmlid">[XML ID]</a></td><td>complies with model</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#content-attribute-lang"><code>xml:lang</code></a></td><td><code>xml:lang</code></td><td><a href="#xml10">[XML 1.0]</a></td><td>complies with model</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#content-attribute-space"><code>xml:space</code></a></td><td><code>xml:space</code></td><td><a href="#xml10">[XML 1.0]</a></td><td>see notes</td><td>12</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>Attribute name and/or value(s) are normalized to use
+above.</p><a id="attribute-vocab-derivation-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table J-2 – Attributes</caption><col width="20%" span="1"><col width="17%" span="1"><col width="13%" align="center" span="1"><col width="40%" span="1"><col width="10%" align="center" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Attribute</span></td><td><span class="strong">Model</span></td><td><span class="strong">Reference</span></td><td><span class="strong">Details</span></td><td><span class="strong">Notes</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#timing-attribute-begin"><code>begin</code></a></td><td><code>begin</code></td><td><a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a></td><td>see notes</td><td>2,3,4</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#timing-attribute-dur"><code>dur</code></a></td><td><code>dur</code></td><td><a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a></td><td>see notes</td><td>2,3,4</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#timing-attribute-end"><code>end</code></a></td><td><code>end</code></td><td><a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a></td><td>see notes</td><td>2,3,4</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#layout-attribute-region"><code>region</code></a></td><td><code>master-reference</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td>conceptual derivation</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-style"><code>style</code></a></td><td><code>class</code></td><td><a href="#css2">[CSS2]</a></td><td>dereferences style specification(s) directly</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#timing-attribute-timeContainer"><code>timeContainer</code></a></td><td><code>timeContainer</code></td><td><a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a></td><td>-excl, -none; no default attribute value</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#metadata-attribute-agent"><code>ttm:agent</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>used to attribute agent of content</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#metadata-attribute-role"><code>ttm:role</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>used to attribute role of content</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-cellResolution"><code>ttp:cellResolution</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>expresses uniform grid resolution for cell based coordinates</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-clockMode"><code>ttp:clockMode</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>determines how to interpret time expressions</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-frameRate"><code>ttp:frameRate</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>expresses integral frame rate</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-frameRateMultiplier"><code>ttp:frameRateMultiplier</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>used to express non-integral, rational frame rates</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-markerMode"><code>ttp:markerMode</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>expresses marker continuity semantics</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-pixelAspectRatio"><code>ttp:pixelAspectRatio</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>expresses pixel aspect ratio of related media</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-profile"><code>ttp:profile</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>expresses profile of TTML used by <em>Document Instance</em></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-dropMode"><code>ttp:dropMode</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>expresses frame counting (drop) modes</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-subFrameRate"><code>ttp:subFrameRate</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>expresses sub-frame rate</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-tickRate"><code>ttp:tickRate</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>used to interpret tick based time expressions</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#parameter-attribute-timeBase"><code>ttp:timeBase</code></a></td><td><em>none</em></td><td></td><td>used to interpret semantics of time expressions</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-backgroundColor"><code>tts:backgroundColor</code></a></td><td><code>background-color</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>1,6</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-color"><code>tts:color</code></a></td><td><code>color</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>6</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-direction"><code>tts:direction</code></a></td><td><code>direction</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-display"><code>tts:display</code></a></td><td><code>display</code></td><td><a href="#css2">[CSS2]</a></td><td>only <code>auto</code>, <code>none</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-displayAlign"><code>tts:displayAlign</code></a></td><td><code>display-align</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-extent"><code>tts:extent</code></a></td><td><code>width</code>, <code>height</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td>shorthand property</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-fontFamily"><code>tts:fontFamily</code></a></td><td><code>font-family</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code>, extends generic family names</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-fontSize"><code>tts:fontSize</code></a></td><td><code>font-size</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>1,7</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-fontWeight"><code>tts:fontWeight</code></a></td><td><code>font-weight</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code>, <code>-bolder</code>, <code>-lighter</code>, <code>-<number></code></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-lineHeight"><code>tts:lineHeight</code></a></td><td><code>line-height</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code>, <code>-<number></code>, <code>-<space></code></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-opacity"><code>tts:opacity</code></a></td><td><code>opacity</code></td><td><a href="#css3-color">[CSS3 Color]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-origin"><code>tts:origin</code></a></td><td><code>top</code>, <code>left</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td>shorthand property</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-overflow"><code>tts:overflow</code></a></td><td><code>overflow</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code>, <code>-auto</code>, <code>-error-if-overflow</code>;</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-padding"><code>tts:padding</code></a></td><td><code>padding</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>9</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-showBackground"><code>tts:showBackground</code></a></td><td><code>showBackground</code></td><td><a href="#smil21">[SMIL 2.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-textAlign"><code>tts:textAlign</code></a></td><td><code>text-align</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-textDecoration"><code>tts:textDecoration</code></a></td><td><code>text-decoration</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>1,10,13</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-textOutline"><code>tts:textOutline</code></a></td><td><code>text-shadow</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>11,13</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-unicodeBidi"><code>tts:unicodeBidi</code></a></td><td><code>unicode-bidi</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-visibility"><code>tts:visibility</code></a></td><td><code>visibility</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code>, <code>-collapse</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-wrapOption"><code>tts:wrapOption</code></a></td><td><code>wrap-option</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-writingMode"><code>tts:writingMode</code></a></td><td><code>writing-mode</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code>, <code>+tblr</code></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#style-attribute-zIndex"><code>tts:zIndex</code></a></td><td><code>z-index</code></td><td><a href="#xsl11">[XSL 1.1]</a></td><td><code>-inherit</code></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="#content-attribute-id"><code>xml:id</code></a></td><td><code>xml:id</code></td><td><a href="#xmlid">[XML ID]</a></td><td>complies with model</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#content-attribute-lang"><code>xml:lang</code></a></td><td><code>xml:lang</code></td><td><a href="#xml10">[XML 1.0]</a></td><td>complies with model</td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="#content-attribute-space"><code>xml:space</code></a></td><td><code>xml:space</code></td><td><a href="#xml10">[XML 1.0]</a></td><td>see notes</td><td>12</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>Attribute name and/or value(s) are normalized to use
<em>lowerCamelCase</em> naming convention.</p></li><li><p>Restricted to expressing a clock value that denotes one of the
following in accordance to whether the parameter expressed by the
<code>ttp:timeBase</code> attribute is <code>media</code>, <code>smpte</code>,
@@ -6502,28 +6542,28 @@
<code>default</code>, which is defined in terms of whitespace
normalization. Semantics of preservation and default normalization are
defined in terms of presentation semantics by <a href="#content-attribute-space"><b>7.2.3 xml:space</b></a>.</p></li><li><p>Defined to be inheritable.</p></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="qa" id="qa"></a>K QA Framework Compliance (Non-Normative)</h2><p>This appendix specifies the compliance of this specification with the
+<h2><a id="qa"></a>K QA Framework Compliance (Non-Normative)</h2><p>This appendix specifies the compliance of this specification with the
requirements and guidelines defined by <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/">QA
Framework Specifications Guidelines</a> <a href="#qaf-sg">[QAF SG]</a>.</p><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="d3e18919" id="d3e18919"></a>K.1 Requirements</h3><a name="qa-framework-requirements-table" id="qa-framework-requirements-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table K-1 – QA Framework Requirements Checklist</caption><col width="76%" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Requirement</span></td><td><span class="strong">YES</span></td><td><span class="strong">NO</span></td><td><span class="strong">N/A</span></td><td><span class="strong">Notes</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#include-conformance-clause-principle">Requirement 01: Include a conformance
+<h3><a id="d3e19561"></a>K.1 Requirements</h3><a id="qa-framework-requirements-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table K-1 – QA Framework Requirements Checklist</caption><col width="76%" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Requirement</span></td><td><span class="strong">YES</span></td><td><span class="strong">NO</span></td><td><span class="strong">N/A</span></td><td><span class="strong">Notes</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#include-conformance-clause-principle">Requirement 01: Include a conformance
clause</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#define-scope-principle">Requirement 02: Define the scope.</a></td><td><a href="#intro">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#implement-principle">Requirement 03: Identify who or what will implement the specification.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#ref-norm-principle">Requirement 04: Make a list of normative references.</a></td><td><a href="#references">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#define-terms-principle">Requirement 05: Define the terms used in the normative parts of the specification.</a></td><td><a href="#definitions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#conf-label-principle">Requirement 06: Create conformance labels for each part of the conformance model.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#consistent-style-principle">Requirement 07: Use a consistent style for conformance requirements and explain how to distinguish them.</a></td><td><a href="#conventions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#req-opt-conf-principle">Requirement 08: Indicate which conformance requirements are mandatory, which are recommended, and which are optional.</a></td><td><a href="#conventions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#subdivide-mandatory-principle">Requirement 09: If the technology is subdivided, then indicate which subdivisions are mandatory for conformance.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#subdiv-constraints-principle">Requirement 10: If the technology is subdivided, then address subdivision constraints.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#likehood-extension-principle">Requirement 11: Address Extensibility.</a></td><td><a href="#doctypes">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#deprecated-feature-principle">Requirement 12: Identify deprecated features.</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>N/A</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#degree-support-principle">Requirement 13: Define how each class of product handles each deprecated feature.</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>N/A</td><td>1</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>No feature is deprecated by this version of this specification.</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="d3e19083" id="d3e19083"></a>K.2 Guidelines</h3><a name="qa-framework-guidelines-table" id="qa-framework-guidelines-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table K-2 – QA Framework Guidelines Checklist</caption><col width="76%" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Guideline</span></td><td><span class="strong">YES</span></td><td><span class="strong">NO</span></td><td><span class="strong">N/A</span></td><td><span class="strong">Notes</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#conformance-model-gp">Good Practice 01: Define the specification's conformance model in the conformance clause.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#norm-informative-gp">Good Practice 02: Specify in the conformance clause how to distinguish normative from informative content.</a></td><td><a href="#conventions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#conformance-claim-gp">Good Practice 03: Provide the wording for conformance claims.</a></td><td><a href="#claims">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#ics-gp">Good Practice 04: Provide an Implementation Conformance Statement Pro Forma.</a></td><td></td><td>NO</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#ics-claim-gp">Good Practice 05: Require an Implementation Conformance Statement as part of valid conformance claims.</a></td><td><a href="#claims">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#use-example-gp">Good Practice 06: Provide examples, use cases, and graphics.</a></td><td><a href="#example">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#write-sample-gp">Good Practice 07: Write sample code or tests.</a></td><td>YES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#ref-define-practice">Good Practice 08: When imposing requirements by normative references, address conformance dependencies.</a></td><td><a href="#references">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#define-terms-inline-gp">Good Practice 09: Define unfamiliar terms in-line and consolidate the definitions in a glossary section.</a></td><td><a href="#definitions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#reuse-terms-gp">Good Practice 10: Use terms already defined without changing their definition.</a></td><td><a href="#definitions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#formal-language-gp">Good Practice 11: Use formal languages when possible.</a></td><td><a href="#schemas">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#write-assertion-gp">Good Practice 12: Write Test Assertions.</a></td><td></td><td>NO</td><td></td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#subdivide-foster-gp">Good Practice 13: Create subdivisions of the technology when warranted.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#rules-profiles-gp">Good Practice 14: If the technology is profiled, define rules for creating new profiles.</a></td><td><a href="#vocabulary-profiles">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#need-option-gp">Good Practice 15:Use optional features as warranted.</a></td><td>YES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#label-options-gp">Good Practice 16: Clearly identify optional features.</a></td><td>YES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#constraints-gp">Good Practice 17: Indicate any limitations or constraints on optional features.</a></td><td>YES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#extensions-prohibited-gp">Good Practice 18: If extensibility is allowed, define an extension mechanism.</a></td><td><a href="#extension-vocabulary-overview">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#breaking-conformance-gp">Good Practice 19: Warn extension creators to create extensions that do not interfere with conformance.</a></td><td><a href="#extension-vocabulary-overview">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#define-error-gp">Good Practice 20: Define error-handling for unknown extensions.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance-processor">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#workaround-gp">Good Practice 21: Explain how to avoid using a deprecated feature.</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>N/A</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#obsolete-gp">Good Practice 22: Identify obsolete features.</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>N/A</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#error-handling-gp">Good Practice 23: Define an error handling mechanism.</a></td><td><a href="#reduced-infoset">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>When making normative references to external specifications,
+<h3><a id="d3e19725"></a>K.2 Guidelines</h3><a id="qa-framework-guidelines-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table K-2 – QA Framework Guidelines Checklist</caption><col width="76%" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Guideline</span></td><td><span class="strong">YES</span></td><td><span class="strong">NO</span></td><td><span class="strong">N/A</span></td><td><span class="strong">Notes</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#conformance-model-gp">Good Practice 01: Define the specification's conformance model in the conformance clause.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#norm-informative-gp">Good Practice 02: Specify in the conformance clause how to distinguish normative from informative content.</a></td><td><a href="#conventions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#conformance-claim-gp">Good Practice 03: Provide the wording for conformance claims.</a></td><td><a href="#claims">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#ics-gp">Good Practice 04: Provide an Implementation Conformance Statement Pro Forma.</a></td><td></td><td>NO</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#ics-claim-gp">Good Practice 05: Require an Implementation Conformance Statement as part of valid conformance claims.</a></td><td><a href="#claims">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#use-example-gp">Good Practice 06: Provide examples, use cases, and graphics.</a></td><td><a href="#example">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#write-sample-gp">Good Practice 07: Write sample code or tests.</a></td><td>YES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#ref-define-practice">Good Practice 08: When imposing requirements by normative references, address conformance dependencies.</a></td><td><a href="#references">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#define-terms-inline-gp">Good Practice 09: Define unfamiliar terms in-line and consolidate the definitions in a glossary section.</a></td><td><a href="#definitions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#reuse-terms-gp">Good Practice 10: Use terms already defined without changing their definition.</a></td><td><a href="#definitions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#formal-language-gp">Good Practice 11: Use formal languages when possible.</a></td><td><a href="#schemas">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#write-assertion-gp">Good Practice 12: Write Test Assertions.</a></td><td></td><td>NO</td><td></td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#subdivide-foster-gp">Good Practice 13: Create subdivisions of the technology when warranted.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#rules-profiles-gp">Good Practice 14: If the technology is profiled, define rules for creating new profiles.</a></td><td><a href="#vocabulary-profiles">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#need-option-gp">Good Practice 15:Use optional features as warranted.</a></td><td>YES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#label-options-gp">Good Practice 16: Clearly identify optional features.</a></td><td>YES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#constraints-gp">Good Practice 17: Indicate any limitations or constraints on optional features.</a></td><td>YES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#extensions-prohibited-gp">Good Practice 18: If extensibility is allowed, define an extension mechanism.</a></td><td><a href="#extension-vocabulary-overview">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#breaking-conformance-gp">Good Practice 19: Warn extension creators to create extensions that do not interfere with conformance.</a></td><td><a href="#extension-vocabulary-overview">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#define-error-gp">Good Practice 20: Define error-handling for unknown extensions.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance-processor">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#workaround-gp">Good Practice 21: Explain how to avoid using a deprecated feature.</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>N/A</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#obsolete-gp">Good Practice 22: Identify obsolete features.</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>N/A</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#error-handling-gp">Good Practice 23: Define an error handling mechanism.</a></td><td><a href="#reduced-infoset">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>When making normative references to external specifications,
specific clauses or sections are cited.</p></li><li><p>See also <a href="#derivation"><b>J Vocabulary Derivation</b></a>.</p></li><li><p>Test assertions and test suites will be provided prior to entering
Proposed Recommendation (PR) phase.</p></li><li><p>See criterion #3 in <a href="#conformance-processor"><b>3.2 Processor Conformance</b></a> and definition of
-<a href="#doctypes">TTML Abstract Document Instance</a>.</p></li><li><p>No feature is deprecated or obsoleted by this version of this specification.</p></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="streaming" id="streaming"></a>L Streaming TTML Content (Non-Normative)</h2><p>TTML Content is designed to support streamability by implementing the
+TTML <a href="#doctypes">Abstract Document Instance</a>.</p></li><li><p>No feature is deprecated or obsoleted by this version of this specification.</p></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="div1">
+<h2><a id="streaming"></a>L Streaming TTML Content (Non-Normative)</h2><p>TTML Content is designed to support streamability by implementing the
following properties:</p><ul><li><p>can be progressively encoded (i.e., does not require computing
subsequent data prior to sending current data);</p></li><li><p>can be progressively decoded (i.e., does not require forward
references, but uses only reverse references when necessary);</p></li><li><p>does not require dereferencing (and subsequent loading) of any
-resources other than TTML content (i.e., no embedded URIs);</p></li><li><p>does not support alternative content forms (e.g., different
+resources other than TTML Content (i.e., no embedded URIs);</p></li><li><p>does not support alternative content forms (e.g., different
language, graphics formats, time bases) in a single document;</p></li><li><p>has timing structure compiled into inline format that makes
possible a temporal ordering of content that follows temporal
presentation order;</p></li><li><p>constrains content models to prevent arbitrary nested content
structures;</p></li></ul><p>One possible means by which TTML Content may be streamed is to
-partition a TTML document instance's information set into
+partition a <em>Document Instance</em>'s information set into
non-overlapping fragments, where one particular fragment, call it the
<em>root fragment</em>, represents the front matter (head) of the
-document instance as well as its top level structural elements, and
+<em>Document Instance</em> as well as its top level structural elements, and
other fragments represent content whose time intervals are expected to
be active in parallel.</p><p>In applications that require arbitrary (random) entry into a
stream, i.e., the property of being able to start reading data at an
@@ -6531,21 +6571,21 @@
transmitted (inserted) into the stream in order to permit a decoder to
resynchronize and acquire sufficient structural information in the
information set in order to interpret subsequent content
-fragments.</p><p>An example of such a fragmentation of a TTML document instance is
-shown in <a href="#fragment-streaming-graphic"><b>Figure 3 – Fragment Streaming</b></a>.</p><a name="fragment-streaming-graphic" id="fragment-streaming-graphic"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Figure 3 – Fragment Streaming</caption><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/streaming.png" alt="Fragment Streaming"></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>This specification does not define a transport buffer model or a decoder
+fragments.</p><p>An example of such a fragmentation of a <em>Document Instance</em> is
+shown in <a href="#fragment-streaming-graphic"><b>Figure 3 – Fragment Streaming</b></a>.</p><a id="fragment-streaming-graphic"></a><table class="example-images"><caption>Figure 3 – Fragment Streaming</caption><col span="1"><tbody><tr><td><img src="images/streaming.png" alt="Fragment Streaming"></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>This specification does not define a transport buffer model or a decoder
capabilities model.</p></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="concrete-encoding" id="concrete-encoding"></a>M Concrete Encoding (Non-Normative)</h2><p>In the absence of other requirements, it is recommended that a TTML document be concretely encoded as a
+<h2><a id="concrete-encoding"></a>M Concrete Encoding (Non-Normative)</h2><p>In the absence of other requirements, it is recommended that a <em>Document Instance</em> be concretely encoded as a
well-formed XML 1.0 <a href="#xml10">[XML 1.0]</a> document using the UTF-8 character encoding.</p></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="time-expression-semantics" id="time-expression-semantics"></a>N Time Expression Semantics (Non-Normative)</h2><p>This appendix describes the intended semantics for interpreting time expressions in TTML documents.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>It is expected that the information in this appendix will be elevated to normative status in a future revision of this specification.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The phrase <em>local real time</em> as used below is intended to model a virtual real time clock in the document processing context, where
+<h2><a id="time-expression-semantics"></a>N Time Expression Semantics (Non-Normative)</h2><p>This appendix describes the intended semantics for interpreting time expressions in <em>Document Instances</em>.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>It is expected that the information in this appendix will be elevated to normative status in a future revision of this specification.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The phrase <em>local real time</em> as used below is intended to model a virtual real time clock in the document processing context, where
<em>local</em> means in the immediate proximity of the implementation of this processing context. The intent
of defining relationships with this virtual clock is to establish a locally valid physical realization of time for didactic purposes.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The phrase <em>play rate</em> as used below is intended to model a (possibly variable) parameter in the document processing context wherein
the rate of playback (or interpretation) of time may artificially dilated or narrowed, for example, when speeding up or slowing down the rate of
playback of a <em>Related Media Object</em>. Without loss of generality, the following discussion assumes a fixed play(back) rate. In the case of
variable play rates, appropriate adjustments may need to be made to the resulting computations.</p></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="time-expression-semantics-clock" id="time-expression-semantics-clock"></a>N.1 Clock Time Base</h3><p>When operating with the <code>clock</code> time base, the following semantics should be applied for interpreting time expressions,
+<h3><a id="time-expression-semantics-clock"></a>N.1 Clock Time Base</h3><p>When operating with the <code>clock</code> time base, the following semantics should be applied for interpreting time expressions,
as defined by <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><timeExpression></a>, and their relationship to media time and local real time.</p><p>The clock time base <span class="strong"><code>C</code></span> is related to local real time <span class="strong"><code>R</code></span>
expressed in an arbitrary (implementation defined) epoch <span class="strong"><code>E</code></span>
-as follows:</p><a name="clock-time-and-real-time" id="clock-time-and-real-time"></a><table class="semantics"><caption>TTML Semantics – Clock Time and Real Time Relationship</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+as follows:</p><a id="clock-time-and-real-time"></a><table class="semantics"><caption>TTML Semantics – Clock Time and Real Time Relationship</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<blockquote><p>
<code>R = C + epochOffset + discontinuityOffset</code>
<br><br>
@@ -6572,7 +6612,7 @@
during the period between value determination and the beginning of the <em>Root Temporal Extent</em> there occurs no local midnight or reference clock base discontinuity.
<br></p></blockquote>
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Time value expressions, as denoted by a <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><timeExpression></a>, are related to
-clock time <span class="strong"><code>C</code></span> as follows:</p><a name="time-expressions-and-clock-time" id="time-expressions-and-clock-time"></a><table class="semantics"><caption>TTML Semantics – Time Expressions and Clock Time Relationship</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+clock time <span class="strong"><code>C</code></span> as follows:</p><a id="time-expressions-and-clock-time"></a><table class="semantics"><caption>TTML Semantics – Time Expressions and Clock Time Relationship</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<blockquote><p>
If a time expression uses the <em>clock-time</em> form or an <em>offset-time</em> form that doesn't use the ticks (<code>t</code>) metric, then:
<br><br>
@@ -6588,7 +6628,7 @@
<code>C = ticks / tickRate</code>
<br></p></blockquote>
</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The <em>frames</em> and <em>sub-frames</em> terms and the frames (<code>f</code>) metric of time expressions do not apply when using
-the <code>clock</code> time base.</p></div><p>The clock time base <span class="strong"><code>C</code></span> is independent of media time <span class="strong"><code>M</code></span>:</p><a name="clock-time-and-media-time" id="clock-time-and-media-time"></a><table class="semantics"><caption>TTML Semantics – Clock Time and Media Time Relationship</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+the <code>clock</code> time base.</p></div><p>The clock time base <span class="strong"><code>C</code></span> is independent of media time <span class="strong"><code>M</code></span>:</p><a id="clock-time-and-media-time"></a><table class="semantics"><caption>TTML Semantics – Clock Time and Media Time Relationship</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<blockquote><p>
<code>M ¬∝ C</code>
<br></p></blockquote>
@@ -6597,9 +6637,9 @@
will continue to advance according to the natural progression of clock time in direct proportion to the reference clock base. Furthermore, if the media play rate changes
during playback, presentation timing is not affected.
</p></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="time-expression-semantics-media" id="time-expression-semantics-media"></a>N.2 Media Time Base</h3><p>When operating with the <code>media</code> time base, the following semantics should be applied for interpreting time expressions,
+<h3><a id="time-expression-semantics-media"></a>N.2 Media Time Base</h3><p>When operating with the <code>media</code> time base, the following semantics should be applied for interpreting time expressions,
as defined by <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><timeExpression></a>, and their relationship to media time and local real time.</p><p>The media time base <span class="strong"><code>M</code></span> is related to local real time <span class="strong"><code>R</code></span>
-expressed in an arbitrary (implementation defined) epoch <span class="strong"><code>E</code></span> as follows:</p><a name="media-time-and-real-time" id="media-time-and-real-time"></a><table class="semantics"><caption>TTML Semantics – Media Time and Real Time Relationship</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+expressed in an arbitrary (implementation defined) epoch <span class="strong"><code>E</code></span> as follows:</p><a id="media-time-and-real-time"></a><table class="semantics"><caption>TTML Semantics – Media Time and Real Time Relationship</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<blockquote><p>
<code>R = playRate * M + epochOffset</code>
<br><br>
@@ -6614,7 +6654,7 @@
</p></blockquote>
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Time value expressions, as denoted by a <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><timeExpression></a>, are related to
media time <span class="strong"><code>M</code></span> in accordance to the
-<code>ttp:frameRate</code>, <code>ttp:subFrameRate</code>, and <code>ttp:frameRateMultipler</code> parameters as follows:</p><a name="time-expressions-and-media-time" id="time-expressions-and-media-time"></a><table class="semantics"><caption>TTML Semantics – Time Expressions and Media Time Relationship</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<code>ttp:frameRate</code>, <code>ttp:subFrameRate</code>, and <code>ttp:frameRateMultipler</code> parameters as follows:</p><a id="time-expressions-and-media-time"></a><table class="semantics"><caption>TTML Semantics – Time Expressions and Media Time Relationship</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<blockquote><p>
If a time expression uses a <em>clock-time</em> form or an <em>offset-time</em> form that doesn't use the ticks (<code>t</code>) metric, then:
<br><br>
@@ -6648,13 +6688,13 @@
<br></p></blockquote>
</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>If the computed <code>frameRateMultipler</code> ratio is not integral, then <code>effectiveFrameRate</code> will be a non-integral rational.</p></div><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The above formalisms assumes that the <em>Root Temporal Extent</em> corresponds with the beginning of a related media object. If
this assumption doesn't hold, then an additional offset that accounts for the difference may be introduced when computing media time <code>M</code>.</p></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="time-expression-semantics-smpte" id="time-expression-semantics-smpte"></a>N.3 SMPTE Time Base</h3><p>When operating with the <code>smpte</code> time base, the following semantics should be applied for interpreting time expressions,
+<h3><a id="time-expression-semantics-smpte"></a>N.3 SMPTE Time Base</h3><p>When operating with the <code>smpte</code> time base, the following semantics should be applied for interpreting time expressions,
as defined by <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression"><timeExpression></a>, and their relationship to media time and local real time.</p><p>If the computed value of the <code>ttp:markerMode</code> parameter is <code>discontinuous</code>, then there is no direct relationship between
time expressions and media time <span class="strong"><code>M</code></span> or local real time <span class="strong"><code>R</code></span>. In
this case, time expressions refer to synchronization events (markers) emitted by the <em>Document Processing Context</em> when <em>SMPTE Time
Codes</em> are encountered in the <em>Related Media Object</em>.</p><p>Otherwise, if the computed value of the <code>ttp:markerMode</code> parameter is <code>continuous</code>, then the relationships between time expressions and
local real time and media time are as described below in terms of a <em>Synthetic SMPTE Document Syncbase</em>, here referred to as the
-SMPTE time base <span class="strong"><code>S</code></span>.</p><a name="time-expressions-and-smpte-time" id="time-expressions-and-smpte-time"></a><table class="semantics"><caption>TTML Semantics – Time Expressions and SMPTE Time Relationship</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+SMPTE time base <span class="strong"><code>S</code></span>.</p><a id="time-expressions-and-smpte-time"></a><table class="semantics"><caption>TTML Semantics – Time Expressions and SMPTE Time Relationship</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<blockquote><p>
<code>S = (countedFrames - droppedFrames + (subFrames / subFrameRate)) / effectiveFrameRate</code>
<br><br>where<br><br>
@@ -6688,7 +6728,7 @@
dropped according to <a href="#parameter-attribute-dropMode"><b>6.2.3 ttp:dropMode</b></a>, then that time expression
should be considered to be invalid for purposes of validation assessment.
<br></p></blockquote>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The SMPTE time base <span class="strong"><code>S</code></span> is related to the media time base <span class="strong"><code>M</code></span> as follows:</p><a name="smpte-time-and-media-time" id="smpte-time-and-media-time"></a><table class="semantics"><caption>TTML Semantics – SMPTE Time and Media Time Relationship</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The SMPTE time base <span class="strong"><code>S</code></span> is related to the media time base <span class="strong"><code>M</code></span> as follows:</p><a id="smpte-time-and-media-time"></a><table class="semantics"><caption>TTML Semantics – SMPTE Time and Media Time Relationship</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<blockquote><p>
<code>M = containerBegin + S</code>
<br><br>
@@ -6698,11 +6738,11 @@
</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Given the derived media time base as described above, then
media time base <span class="strong"><code>M</code></span> is related to the local real time <span class="strong"><code>R</code></span>
as described in <a href="#time-expression-semantics-media"><b>N.2 Media Time Base</b></a> above.</p></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="common-styling" id="common-styling"></a>O Common Caption Style Examples (Non-Normative)</h2><p>This section provides examples of the following common caption styles using TTML content
+<h2><a id="common-styling"></a>O Common Caption Style Examples (Non-Normative)</h2><p>This section provides examples of the following common caption styles using TTML Content
to obtain the desired behavior:</p><ul><li><p>Pop-On Captions</p></li><li><p>Roll-Up Captions</p></li><li><p>Paint-On Captions</p></li></ul><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="pop-on-example" id="pop-on-example"></a>O.1 Pop-On Caption Example</h3><p>An example of paint-on captions. In this example, two regions are targeted with alternating, paint-on content, where content is timed
+<h3><a id="pop-on-example"></a>O.1 Pop-On Caption Example</h3><p>An example of paint-on captions. In this example, two regions are targeted with alternating, paint-on content, where content is timed
using explicit sequential time containment rules. Each paragraph is non-overlapping in time and appears in the same single row
-of its targeted region.</p><a name="pop-on-example-1-s" id="pop-on-example-1-s"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Pop-On Captions</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+of its targeted region.</p><a id="pop-on-example-1-s"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Pop-On Captions</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre><tt ttp:cellResolution="60 20" xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml"
xmlns:tts="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#parameter" xmlns:tts="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#styling">
<head>
@@ -6723,10 +6763,10 @@
</tt>
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="roll-up-example" id="roll-up-example"></a>O.2 Roll-Up Caption Example</h3><p>An example of roll-up captions. Roll-up effects are achieved by using overlapped time intervals, where zero, one, or two paragraphs appear in the region
+<h3><a id="roll-up-example"></a>O.2 Roll-Up Caption Example</h3><p>An example of roll-up captions. Roll-up effects are achieved by using overlapped time intervals, where zero, one, or two paragraphs appear in the region
at a given time. Each paragraph consumes a single row (line) of the region since no wrapping occurs. Depending on whether a presentation processor supports
-<a href="#semantics-smooth-scrolling-recommendation">smooth scrolling between adjacent synchronic document instances</a>, the transitions, i.e., moving an
-old paragraph (line) out and a new paragraph (line) in, will be either smooth or discrete.</p><a name="roll-up-example-1-s" id="roll-up-example-1-s"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Roll-Up Captions</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<a href="#semantics-smooth-scrolling-recommendation">smooth scrolling between adjacent synchronic intermediate document instances</a>, the transitions, i.e., moving an
+old paragraph (line) out and a new paragraph (line) in, will be either smooth or discrete.</p><a id="roll-up-example-1-s"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Roll-Up Captions</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre><tt ttp:cellResolution="60 20" xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml"
xmlns:tts="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#parameter" xmlns:tts="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#styling">
<head>
@@ -6746,9 +6786,9 @@
</tt>
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a name="paint-on-example" id="paint-on-example"></a>O.3 Paint-On Caption Example</h3><p>An example of paint-on captions. Paint-on effects are achieved by using timed <code>span</code> elements in order to expose (paint) inline text units, e.g., words,
+<h3><a id="paint-on-example"></a>O.3 Paint-On Caption Example</h3><p>An example of paint-on captions. Paint-on effects are achieved by using timed <code>span</code> elements in order to expose (paint) inline text units, e.g., words,
over some time interval. Here, five paragraphs have their individual words sequentially timed in order to paint one new word every second. The end of the active duration of
-each inline element coincides with the end of the <code>div</code> element's parallel time container, so that once a word is painted, it remains in the region (on its rendered line) until the <code>div</code> element's active time interval lapses.</p><a name="paint-on-example-1-s" id="paint-on-example-1-s"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Paint-On Captions</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+each inline element coincides with the end of the <code>div</code> element's parallel time container, so that once a word is painted, it remains in the region (on its rendered line) until the <code>div</code> element's active time interval lapses.</p><a id="paint-on-example-1-s"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example – Paint-On Captions</caption><tbody><tr><td>
<div class="exampleInner"><pre><tt ttp:cellResolution="60 20" xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml"
xmlns:tts="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#parameter" xmlns:tts="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#styling">
<head>
@@ -6798,7 +6838,7 @@
</tt>
</pre></div>
</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="div1">
-<h2><a name="acknowledgments" id="acknowledgments"></a>P Acknowledgments (Non-Normative)</h2><p>The editor acknowledges the current and former members of the Timed Text Working
+<h2><a id="acknowledgments"></a>P Acknowledgments (Non-Normative)</h2><p>The editor acknowledges the current and former members of the Timed Text Working
Group, the members of other W3C Working Groups, and industry experts
in other forums who have contributed directly or indirectly to the
process or content of this document as follows:</p><p>Glenn Adams,
--- a/ttml10/spec/ttaf1-dfxp.xml Thu May 09 23:43:07 2013 -0600
+++ b/ttml10/spec/ttaf1-dfxp.xml Mon May 13 11:31:28 2013 -0600
@@ -33,14 +33,14 @@
<!ENTITY real "ℜ">
<!ENTITY prop "∝">
<!ENTITY not "¬">
-<!ENTITY dfxp-ex1 SYSTEM "./examples/ex1.xml.esc">
-<!ENTITY dfxp-ex1-x-0 SYSTEM "./examples/ex1-x-0.xml.esc">
-<!ENTITY dfxp-ex1-p-0 SYSTEM "./examples/ex1-p-0.xml.esc">
-<!ENTITY dfxp-ex1-x-1 SYSTEM "./examples/ex1-x-1.xml.esc">
-<!ENTITY dfxp-ex1-x-2 SYSTEM "./examples/ex1-x-2.xml.esc">
-<!ENTITY dfxp-ex2-pop-on SYSTEM "./examples/ex2-pop-on.xml.esc">
-<!ENTITY dfxp-ex2-roll-up SYSTEM "./examples/ex2-roll-up.xml.esc">
-<!ENTITY dfxp-ex2-paint-on SYSTEM "./examples/ex2-paint-on.xml.esc">
+<!ENTITY ttml-ex1 SYSTEM "./examples/ex1.xml.esc">
+<!ENTITY ttml-ex1-x-0 SYSTEM "./examples/ex1-x-0.xml.esc">
+<!ENTITY ttml-ex1-p-0 SYSTEM "./examples/ex1-p-0.xml.esc">
+<!ENTITY ttml-ex1-x-1 SYSTEM "./examples/ex1-x-1.xml.esc">
+<!ENTITY ttml-ex1-x-2 SYSTEM "./examples/ex1-x-2.xml.esc">
+<!ENTITY ttml-ex2-pop-on SYSTEM "./examples/ex2-pop-on.xml.esc">
+<!ENTITY ttml-ex2-roll-up SYSTEM "./examples/ex2-roll-up.xml.esc">
+<!ENTITY ttml-ex2-paint-on SYSTEM "./examples/ex2-paint-on.xml.esc">
<!ENTITY profile-dfxp-presentation SYSTEM "./profiles/dfxp-presentation.xml.esc">
<!ENTITY profile-dfxp-transformation SYSTEM "./profiles/dfxp-transformation.xml.esc">
<!ENTITY profile-dfxp-full SYSTEM "./profiles/dfxp-full.xml.esc">
@@ -115,10 +115,10 @@
among legacy distribution content formats presently in use for
subtitling and captioning functions.</p>
<p>In addition to being used for interchange among legacy distribution content
-formats, TTML content may be used directly as a distribution format,
+formats, TTML Content may be used directly as a distribution format,
for example, providing a standard content format to reference from a <el><track></el>
element in an HTML5 document, or a <el><text></el> or
-<el><textstream></el> media object element in a <bibref
+<el><textstream></el> media element in a <bibref
ref="smil21"/> document.</p>
</abstract>
&status;
@@ -132,40 +132,47 @@
<p>The Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) 1.0
provides a standardized representation of a particular subset of
textual information with which stylistic, layout, and timing semantics are associated by
-an author or an authoring system for the purpose of interchange and potential presentation.</p>
+an author or an authoring system for the purpose of interchange and processing.</p>
<p>TTML is expressly designed to meet only a limited set of requirements
established by <bibref ref="ttaf1-req"/>, and summarized in <specref
ref="requirements"/>. In particular, only those requirements which service the
need of performing interchange with existing, legacy distribution systems are
satisfied.</p>
<p>In addition to being used for interchange among legacy distribution content
-formats, TTML content may be used directly as a distribution format, providing, for
+formats, TTML Content may be used directly as a distribution format (as implied by
+the acronym DFXP), providing, for
example, a standard content format to reference from a <el><track></el>
element in an HTML5 document, or a <el><text></el> or
<el><textstream></el> media element in a <bibref
ref="smil21"/> document. Certain properties of TTML support
streamability of content, as described in <specref ref="streaming"/>.</p>
<note>
-<p>While TTML was not expressly designed for direct (embedded) integration into a
-SMIL document instance, such integration is not precluded.</p>
+<p>While TTML was not expressly designed for direct (embedded) integration into an
+HTML or a SMIL document instance, such integration is not precluded.</p>
</note>
<note>
<p>In some contexts of use, it may be appropriate to employ
animated content to depict sign language representations of the same content
-as expressed by a Timed Text document instance. This use case is not
+as expressed by a Timed Text <emph>Document Instance</emph>. This use case is not
explicitly addressed by TTML mechanisms, but may be addressed by some
external multimedia integration technology, such as SMIL.</p>
</note>
+<note role="historical">
+<p>In previous drafts of this specification, TTML was referred to as DFXP (Distribution
+Format Exchange Profile). This latter term is retained for historical reasons in
+certain contexts, such as profile names and designators, and the short name
+<code>ttaf1-dfxp</code> used in URLs to refer to this specification.</p>
+</note>
<div2 id="model">
<head>System Model</head>
<p>Use of TTML is intended to function in a wider context of Timed Text
-Authoring and Distribution mechanisms that are based upon a system
-model, depicted in <specref ref="model-graphic"/>, wherein the Timed Text Markup Language
+Authoring and Distribution mechanisms that are based upon the system
+model depicted in <specref ref="model-graphic"/>, wherein the Timed Text Markup Language
serves as a bidirectional interchange format among a heterogeneous collection of
authoring systems, and as a unidirectional interchange format to a
heterogeneous collection of distribution formats after undergoing transcoding
or compilation to the target distribution formats as required, and where one
-particular distribution format is TTML.</p>
+particular distribution format is TTML (labeled as "DFXP" in the figure).</p>
<table id="model-graphic" role="example-images">
<caption>Figure 1 – System Model</caption>
<tbody>
@@ -177,11 +184,11 @@
</div2>
<div2 id="example">
<head>Document Example</head>
-<p>A TTML document instance consists of a <el>tt</el> document element that contains
+<p>A TTML <emph>Document Instance</emph> consists of a <el>tt</el> document element that contains
a header and a body, where the header specifies document level metadata, styling
definitions and layout definitions, and the body specifies text content intermixed
-with references to style and layout information and inline timing information.</p>
-<table id="dfxp-example-document-structure" role="example">
+with references to style and layout information and inline styling and timing information.</p>
+<table id="ttml-example-document-structure" role="example">
<caption>Example Fragment – TTML Document Structure</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
@@ -202,7 +209,7 @@
<p>Document level metadata may specify a document title, description,
and copyright information. In addition, arbitrary metadata drawn from
other namespaces may be specified.</p>
-<table id="dfxp-example-metadata" role="example">
+<table id="ttml-example-metadata" role="example">
<caption>Example Fragment – TTML Metadata</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
@@ -218,10 +225,11 @@
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Styling information may be specified in the form of style specification
-definitions that are referenced by layout and content information.</p>
-<p>In <specref ref="dfxp-example-styling"/>, four style sets of specifications
+definitions that are referenced by layout and content information,
+specified inline with content information, or both.</p>
+<p>In <specref ref="ttml-example-styling"/>, four style sets of specifications
are defined, with one set serving as a collection of default styles.</p>
-<table id="dfxp-example-styling" role="example">
+<table id="ttml-example-styling" role="example">
<caption>Example Fragment – TTML Styling</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
@@ -251,12 +259,13 @@
is intended to be presented. A region definition may reference one or
more sets of style specifications in order to permit content flowed in the
region to inherit from these styles.
-In <specref ref="dfxp-example-layout"/>, the region definition makes
-reference to style specification <code>s1</code> which allows all content
-flowed into the region to inherit from the region's styles (in the case
+In <specref ref="ttml-example-layout"/>, the region definition makes
+reference to style specification <code>s1</code> augmented by specific inline
+styles which, together, allow content flowed into the region to inherit
+from the region's styles (in the case
that a style is not already explicitly specified on content or inherited
via the content hierarchy.)</p>
-<table id="dfxp-example-layout" role="example">
+<table id="ttml-example-layout" role="example">
<caption>Example Fragment – TTML Layout</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
@@ -276,17 +285,17 @@
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
-<p>The content of a TTML document instance is expressed in its
+<p>The content of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> is expressed in its
body, which is organized in terms of block and inline text elements.
The hierarchical organization of content elements serves a primary role in
determining both spatial and temporal relationships. For example, in
-<specref ref="dfxp-example-body"/>, each paragraph (<el>p</el> element)
+<specref ref="ttml-example-body"/>, each paragraph (<el>p</el> element)
is flowed into its target region in the specified lexical order; furthermore,
the active time interval of each paragraph is timed in accordance to its
parent or sibling according to the applicable time containment semantics —
-in this case, the division parent is interpreted as a parallel time
+in this case, the division parent is interpreted (by default) as a parallel time
container.</p>
-<table id="dfxp-example-body" role="example">
+<table id="ttml-example-body" role="example">
<caption>Example Fragment – TTML Body</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
@@ -339,14 +348,14 @@
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
-<p>The first subtitle <specref ref="dfxp-example-subtitle-1"/> is
+<p>The first subtitle <specref ref="ttml-example-subtitle-1"/> is
presented during the time interval 0.76 to 3.45 seconds.
This
subtitle inherits its font family, font size,
foreground color, and text alignment from the region into which it is
presented. Since no region is explicitly specified on the paragraph,
the nearest ancestor that specifies a region determines the
-region. Note also that content is presented
+targeted region. Note also that content is presented
at the bottom (after edge) of the containing region due to the <code>tts:displayAlign="after"</code>
being specified on the region definition.</p>
<note role="explanation">
@@ -364,7 +373,7 @@
<emph>X</emph> or <emph>Y</emph>.
</p>
</note>
-<table id="dfxp-example-subtitle-1" role="example-images">
+<table id="ttml-example-subtitle-1" role="example-images">
<caption>Subtitle 1 – Time Interval [0.76, 3.45)</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
@@ -373,10 +382,10 @@
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The second subtitle continues with the default style, except that it contains
-two lines of text with an intervening author-specified line break. Note the effects of
+two lines of text with an intervening author-specified line break. Note the affect of
the use of <code>tts:textAlign="center"</code> to specify the paragraph's alignment
in the inline progression direction.</p>
-<table id="dfxp-example-subtitle-2" role="example-images">
+<table id="ttml-example-subtitle-2" role="example-images">
<caption>Subtitle 2 – Time Interval [5.0, 10.0)</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
@@ -386,7 +395,7 @@
</table>
<p>The third subtitle continues, using a variant style which overrides the default style's
foreground color with a different color.</p>
-<table id="dfxp-example-subtitle-3" role="example-images">
+<table id="ttml-example-subtitle-3" role="example-images">
<caption>Subtitle 3 – Time Interval [10.0, 16.0)</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
@@ -395,7 +404,7 @@
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The fourth subtitle reverts to the default style.</p>
-<table id="dfxp-example-subtitle-4" role="example-images">
+<table id="ttml-example-subtitle-4" role="example-images">
<caption>Subtitle 4 – Time Interval [17.2, 23.0)</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
@@ -405,7 +414,7 @@
</table>
<p>The fifth subtitle continues, again using a variant style which
overrides the default style's foreground color with a different color.</p>
-<table id="dfxp-example-subtitle-5" role="example-images">
+<table id="ttml-example-subtitle-5" role="example-images">
<caption>Subtitle 5 – Time Interval [23.0, 27.0)</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
@@ -414,10 +423,10 @@
</tbody>
</table>
<p>During the next active time interval, two distinct subtitles are simultaneously active, with
-the paragraph expressing each subtitle using a different style that overrides color and paragraph
+the paragraphs expressing each subtitle using different styles that override color and paragraph
text alignment of the default style. Note that the flow order is determined by the lexical
order of elements as they appear in the content hierarchy.</p>
-<table id="dfxp-example-subtitle-6" role="example-images">
+<table id="ttml-example-subtitle-6" role="example-images">
<caption>Subtitles 6a and 6b – Time Interval [28.0, 34.6)</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
@@ -426,9 +435,9 @@
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The next subtitle is specified in a similar manner using
-a style override to give a paragraph right (end) justified in the
+a style override to give the paragraph right (end) justification in the
inline progression direction.</p>
-<table id="dfxp-example-subtitle-7" role="example-images">
+<table id="ttml-example-subtitle-7" role="example-images">
<caption>Subtitle 7 – Time Interval [34.6, 45.0)</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
@@ -439,7 +448,7 @@
<p>The eighth subtitle uses the same style override as the previous
subtitle in order to maintain the right (end) justification of the
paragraph.</p>
-<table id="dfxp-example-subtitle-8" role="example-images">
+<table id="ttml-example-subtitle-8" role="example-images">
<caption>Subtitle 8 – Time Interval [47.3, 49.0)</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
@@ -452,7 +461,7 @@
style applied to the second paragraph to override the default color.
Note that the flow order is determined by the lexical order of
elements as they appear in the content hierarchy.</p>
-<table id="dfxp-example-subtitle-9" role="example-images">
+<table id="ttml-example-subtitle-9" role="example-images">
<caption>Subtitles 9a and 9b – Time Interval [53.5, 58.7)</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
@@ -462,7 +471,7 @@
</table>
<p>The examples shown above demonstrate the primary types of information that may
be authored using TTML: metadata, styling, layout, timing, and content. In typical cases,
-styling and layout information are separately specified in a document instance. Content information
+styling and layout information are separately specified in a <emph>Document Instance</emph>. Content information
is expressed in a hierarchical fashion that embodies the organization of both spatial (flow) and
timing information. Content makes direct or indirect references to styling and layout information
and may specify inline overrides to styling.</p>
@@ -525,7 +534,7 @@
<label>Abstract Document Type</label>
<def>
<p>A set of constraints that defines a class of <emph>XML Information
-Set</emph>s <bibref ref="infoset"/>.</p>
+Sets</emph> <bibref ref="infoset"/>.</p>
</def>
</gitem>
<gitem>
@@ -564,6 +573,15 @@
</def>
</gitem>
<gitem>
+<label>Document Instance</label>
+<def>
+<p>A concrete realization of a Timed Text Markup Language document, where the concrete form
+is specific to the context of reference. For example, a sequence of bytes that represents an
+XML serialization of a Timed Text document, an internal, parsed representation of such a
+Timed Text document, etc.</p>
+</def>
+</gitem>
+<gitem>
<label>Document Interchange Context</label>
<def>
<p>The implied context or environment external to a <emph>Content Processor</emph> in
@@ -577,7 +595,7 @@
<p>The implied context or environment internal to a <emph>Content Processor</emph> in
which document processing occurs, and in which out-of-band protocols or specifications
may define certain behavioral defaults, such as the establishment or creation of a
-<emph>Synthetic Syncbase</emph>.</p>
+<emph>Synthetic Document Syncbase</emph>.</p>
</def>
</gitem>
<gitem>
@@ -651,7 +669,7 @@
<gitem>
<label>Reduced XML Infoset</label>
<def>
-<p>An XML Information Set <bibref ref="infoset"/> that satisfieds the
+<p>An XML Information Set <bibref ref="infoset"/> that satisfies the
constraints specify by <specref ref="reduced-infoset"/>.</p>
</def>
</gitem>
@@ -659,30 +677,30 @@
<label>Related Media Object</label>
<def>
<p>A (possibly null) media object associated with or otherwise related
-to a TTML document instance. For example, an aggregate audio/video media
-object for which a TTML document instance provides caption or subtitle
-information, and with which that TTML document instance is associated.</p>
+to a <emph>Document Instance</emph>. For example, an aggregate audio/video media
+object for which a <emph>Document Instance</emph> provides caption or subtitle
+information, and with which that <emph>Document Instance</emph> is associated.</p>
</def>
</gitem>
<gitem>
<label>Root Container Region</label>
<def>
<p>A logical region that establishes a coordinate system into which
-TTML document instance content regions are placed and optionally clipped.</p>
+<emph>Document Instance</emph> content regions are placed and optionally clipped.</p>
</def>
</gitem>
<gitem>
<label>Root Temporal Extent</label>
<def>
<p>
-The temporal extent (interval) defined by the temporal beginning and ending of a TTML document instance in relationship with some external application or presentation context.
+The temporal extent (interval) defined by the temporal beginning and ending of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> in relationship with some external application or presentation context.
</p>
</def>
</gitem>
<gitem>
<label>SMPTE Time Code</label>
<def>
-<p>A time code whose format and semantics is established by <bibref ref="smpte12m"/>
+<p>A time code whose format and semantics are established by <bibref ref="smpte12m"/>,
which may be embedded into or otherwise associated with media content, such
as a broadcast audio/video stream.</p>
</def>
@@ -690,7 +708,8 @@
<gitem>
<label>Synthetic Document Syncbase</label>
<def>
-<p>A document level syncbase synthesized or otherwise established by
+<p>A document level <xspecref href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-SMIL2-20051213/smil-timing.html#Timing-Syncbases">syncbase</xspecref>
+<bibref ref="smil21"/>, § 10.7.1, synthesized or otherwise established by
the <emph>Document Processing Context</emph> in accordance with the
<emph>Related Media Object</emph> or other processing criteria.</p>
</def>
@@ -736,6 +755,13 @@
no further transformation semantics are defined by this specification.</p>
</def>
</gitem>
+<gitem>
+<label>Valid Abstract Document Instance</label>
+<def>
+<p>An <emph>Abstract Document Instance</emph> which has been assessed for validity
+and found to be valid as defined by <specref ref="doctypes"/>.</p>
+</def>
+</gitem>
</glist>
</div2>
<div2 id="conventions">
@@ -766,8 +792,22 @@
</def>
</gitem>
</glist>
+
+<p>If normative specification language takes an imperative form,
+then it is to be treated as if the term <phrase role="strong">must</phrase>
+applies. Furthermore, if normative language takes a declarative form,
+and this language is governed by <phrase role="strong">must</phrase>,
+then it is also to be treated as if the term <phrase role="strong">must</phrase>
+applies.</p>
+<note role="example">
+<p>For example, the phrases "treat X as an error" and "consider X
+as an error" are to be read as mandatory requirements in the context of use. Similarly, if the specification
+prose is "X must apply", "X applies", or "X is mandatory", and "X" is further defined as "X is Y and Z",
+then, by transitive closure, this last declarative phrase is to be read as "Y is mandatory" and
+"Z is mandatory" in the context of use.</p>
+</note>
<p>All normative syntactic definitions of XML representations and
-other related terms are depicted with a light orange background color
+other related terms are depicted with a light yellow-orange background color
and labeled as "XML Representation" or "Syntax Representation", such
as in the following:</p>
<table id="elt-syntax-example" role="syntax">
@@ -831,16 +871,15 @@
<div1 id="conformance">
<head>Conformance</head>
<p>This section specifies the general conformance requirements for
-TTML content and processors.</p>
+TTML Content and processors.</p>
<div2 id="conformance-content">
<head>Content Conformance</head>
-<p>A TTML document instance conforms to this specification if the following criteria are
+<p>A TTML <emph>Document Instance</emph> conforms to this specification if the following criteria are
satisfied:</p>
<olist>
<item>
-<p>When transporting a document instance in a context in which a
-Media Type <bibref ref="media-types"/> identifies the content type of the interchanged document
-instance, then the specified media type is
+<p>When transporting a <emph>Document Instance</emph> in a <emph>Document Interchange Context</emph> in which a
+Media Type <bibref ref="media-types"/> identifies the content type of the interchanged <emph>Document Instance</emph>, then the specified media type is
<code>application/ttml+xml</code> in conformance with <bibref
ref="rfc3023"/> § 7, with which an optional
<code>profile</code> parameter may appear, the value of which
@@ -850,23 +889,22 @@
<specref ref="vocabulary-profiles"/>.</p>
</item>
<item>
-<p>The document instance is or can be represented as a Reduced XML
+<p>The <emph>Document Instance</emph> is or can be represented as a Reduced XML
Infoset as defined by <specref ref="reduced-infoset"/>.</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>The Reduced XML
-Infoset that corresponds to the document instance is or can
-be associated with one of the TTML Abstract
-Document Types defined by
+Infoset that corresponds to the <emph>Document Instance</emph> is or can
+be associated with one of the <emph>Abstract Document Types</emph> defined by
<specref ref="doctypes"/>.</p>
</item>
<item>
-<p>The Reduced XML Infoset that corresponds to the document instance is a
-Valid Abstract Document Instance of the associated
-Abstract Document Type.</p>
-</item>
-<item>
-<p>The Reduced XML Infoset satisfies all additional mandatory syntactic and
+<p>The <emph>Reduced XML Infoset</emph> that corresponds to the <emph>Document Instance</emph> is a
+<emph>Valid Abstract Document Instance</emph> of the associated
+<emph>Abstract Document Type</emph>.</p>
+</item>
+<item>
+<p>The <emph>Reduced XML Infoset</emph> satisfies all additional mandatory syntactic and
semantic constraints defined by this specification. In addition, this Infoset
should satisfy the web content accessibility guidelines specified by
<bibref ref="wcag"/>.</p>
@@ -877,31 +915,30 @@
<head>Processor Conformance</head>
<div3 id="conformance-generic-processor">
<head>Generic Processor Conformance</head>
-<p>A TTML processor conforms to this specification if the following
+<p>A TTML <emph>Content Processor</emph> conforms to this specification if the following
generic processor criteria are
satisfied:</p>
<olist>
<item>
<p>The processor provides at least one mechanism for notionally
instantiating a Reduced XML
-Infoset representation of a conformant TTML document
-instance.</p>
-</item>
-<item>
-<p>If a process does or can perform validation of a candidate TTML
-document instance, then it provides at least one mechanism to
+Infoset representation of a conformant <emph>Document Instance</emph>.</p>
+</item>
+<item>
+<p>If a process does or can perform validation of a candidate
+<emph>Document Instance</emph>, then it provides at least one mechanism to
implicitly or explicitly associate the
-Reduced XML Infoset representation
-of a conformant TTML document instance with one of the
-TTML Abstract Document Types defined by
+<emph>Reduced XML Infoset</emph> representation
+of a conformant <emph>Document Instance</emph> with one of the
+<emph>Abstract Document Types</emph> defined by
<specref ref="doctypes"/>.</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>The processor does not <emph>a priori</emph> reject or abort the
-processing of a conformant TTML document instance
+processing of a conformant <emph>Document Instance</emph>
unless the processor does not support some required
-(mandatory) feature specified or implied by a TTML content profile
-declared to apply to the document instance.</p>
+(mandatory) feature specified or implied by a TTML Content profile
+declared to apply to the <emph>Document Instance</emph>.</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>The processor supports all mandatory processing semantics defined by this specification.</p>
@@ -927,7 +964,7 @@
</div3>
<div3 id="conformance-transformation-processor">
<head>Transformation Processor Conformance</head>
-<p>A TTML processor is a conformant TTML transformation processor if
+<p>A TTML <emph>Content Processor</emph> is a conformant TTML <emph>Transformation Processor</emph> if
the following criteria are satisfied:</p>
<olist>
<item>
@@ -942,6 +979,8 @@
</div3>
<div3 id="conformance-presentation-processor">
<head>Presentation Processor Conformance</head>
+<p>A TTML <emph>Content Processor</emph> is a conformant TTML <emph>Presentation Processor</emph> if
+the following criteria are satisfied:</p>
<olist>
<item>
<p>The processor satisfies all requirements specified by
@@ -956,17 +995,17 @@
</div2>
<div2 id="claims">
<head>Claims</head>
-<p>Any claim of compliance with respect to TTML content or processor
-conformance must make
+<p>Any claim of compliance with respect to the conformance of a TTML <emph>Document Instance</emph> or
+<emph>Content Processor</emph> must make
reference to an implementation compliance statement (ICS).</p>
<p>An implementation compliance statement must identify all mandatory
and optional features of this specification that are satisfied by the
-content or processor implementation. In particular, the statement must
+document instance or the content processor implementation. In particular, the statement must
identify the utilized or supported TTML vocabulary profile(s) as
defined by <specref ref="vocabulary-profiles"/>, and, if a subset or
superset profile is used or supported, then what features are excluded
or included in the subset or superset profile.</p>
-<p>A TTML document instance for which a compliance claim is made
+<p>A <emph>Document Instance</emph> for which a compliance claim is made
must specify
either (1)
a <att>ttp:profile</att> attribute on its root
@@ -981,30 +1020,30 @@
</div1>
<div1 id="doctypes">
<head>Document Types</head>
-<p>This section defines the following TTML Abstract Document Types:</p>
+<p>This section defines the following TTML <emph>Abstract Document Types</emph>:</p>
<ulist>
-<item><p><specref ref="dfxp-content-doctype"/></p></item>
+<item><p><specref ref="ttml-content-doctype"/></p></item>
</ulist>
-<p>Each abstract document type consists of the following constraints:</p>
+<p>Each <emph>Abstract Document Type</emph> consists of the following constraints:</p>
<ulist>
<item><p>a non-empty collection of element types, where each element type consists of a name,
a (possibly empty) collection of attributes, and a content specification</p></item>
<item><p>a non-empty collection of element types that may appear as the document element</p></item>
</ulist>
-<p>An Abstract Document Instance may be assessed in terms of validity,
-and is considered to be a Valid Abstract Document Instance if it
+<p>An <emph>Abstract Document Instance</emph> may be assessed in terms of validity,
+and is considered to be a <emph>Valid Abstract Document Instance</emph> if it
satisfies the following condition: if after</p>
<olist>
<item>
<p>pruning all element information
items whose names are not members of the collection of element types defined
-by the associated abstract document type, then</p>
+by the associated <emph>Abstract Document Type</emph>, then</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>pruning character
information item children from any remaining element in case that all
character children of the element denote XML whitespace characters and the element's type
-is defined as empty in the associated Abstract Document Type, and then</p>
+is defined as empty in the associated <emph>Abstract Document Type</emph>, and then</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>pruning all attribute
@@ -1014,62 +1053,60 @@
</item>
</olist>
<p>then the document element is one of the document
-element types permitted by the associated abstract document type,
+element types permitted by the associated <emph>Abstract Document Type</emph>,
the descendants of the document
element satisfy their respective element type's content
specifications, all required attributes are present, and the declared
value of each attribute satisfies the type declared by the
-associated abstract document type.</p>
+associated <emph>Abstract Document Type</emph>.</p>
<note>
<p>While a conformant processor may not <emph>a priori</emph> reject a
-conformant document instance that adheres to a
-supported content profile, a given document instance may be
+conformant <emph>Document Instance</emph> that adheres to a
+supported content profile, a given <emph>Document Instance</emph> may be
constrained by the author or authoring tool to satisfy a more
restrictive definition of validity.</p>
</note>
-<div2 id="dfxp-content-doctype">
-<head>DFXP Content</head>
-<p>DFXP Content is an abstract document type of a profile of the Timed Text Markup Language intended
+<div2 id="ttml-content-doctype">
+<head>TTML Content</head>
+<p>TTML Content is an <emph>Abstract Document Type</emph> of a profile of the Timed Text Markup Language intended
to be used for interchange among distribution systems. This document type
is defined in terms of the
element and attribute vocabulary
specified in <specref ref="vocabulary"/>.</p>
-<p>This specification defines two types of schemas that may be used to validate a subset of
-conformant DFXP Content document instances:</p>
+<p>This specification references two types of schemas that may be used to validate a superset/subset
+of conformant TTML Content <emph>Document Instances</emph>:</p>
<ulist>
-<item><p><specref ref="dfxp-schema-rnc"/></p></item>
-<item><p><specref ref="dfxp-schema-xsd"/></p></item>
+<item><p><specref ref="ttml-schema-rnc"/></p></item>
+<item><p><specref ref="ttml-schema-xsd"/></p></item>
</ulist>
-<p>The (root) document element of a DFXP Content document instance must be a
+<p>The (root) document element of a TTML Content <emph>Document Instance</emph> must be a
<el>tt</el> element, as defined by <specref
ref="document-structure-vocabulary-tt"/>.</p>
<note role="clarification">
-<p>The schemas included in this specification do not validate all syntactic constraints
-defined by this specification. In particular, performing validation with one of the above
+<p>The schemas referenced by this specification do not validate all syntactic constraints
+defined by this specification, and, as such, represent a superset of conformant
+TTML Content. In particular, performing validation with one of the above
referenced schemas may result in a <emph>false positive</emph> indication of validity.
-However, with one exception, their
-use will not produce a <emph>false negative</emph> indication of validity
-when used with a compliant validating
-processor.</p>
-<p>In exception to the above statement about false negatives,
-if the Relax NG schema included in this specification is used to validate a
-TTML Document containing elements in a foreign namespace and the <att>xml:id</att>
-attribute is used with any of those (foreign) elements,
-then an error will be reported even though such usage is permitted by this
-specification. In this case, the false negative arises due
-to a specific limitation in expressing wildcard patterns involving <code>xsd:ID</code>
-typed attributes in Relax NG schemas.
-Note that this specification defines the formal validity of a TTML Document to be
-based on an abstract document instance from which all foreign namespace elements and
-attributes have been removed. Therefore, the exceptional reporting of this false
-negative does not impact the formal assessment of TTML Document validity.</p>
+For example, both the RNC and XSD schemas specify
+that a <att>tts:fontFamily</att> attribute must
+satisfy the <code>xs:string</code> XSD data type; however, this data type is a superset
+of the values permitted to be used with the <att>tts:fontFamily</att> attribute.</p>
+<p>In addition, the RNC schema may produce a <emph>false negative</emph>
+indication of validity when using the <att>xml:id</att> attribute with an element in
+a foreign namespace, thus representing a subset of conformant TTML Content. This is
+due to a specific limitation in expressing wildcard patterns involving <code>xsd:ID</code>
+typed attributes in Relax NG schemas. Note that this specification defines the
+formal validity of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> to be based on an <emph>Abstract Document Instance</emph> from
+which all foreign namespace elements and attributes have been removed. Therefore, the
+exceptional reporting of this false negative does not impact the formal assessment
+of <emph>Document Instance</emph> validity.</p>
</note>
</div2>
</div1>
<div1 id="vocabulary">
<head>Vocabulary</head>
<p>This section defines the
-namespaces, profiles, and vocabulary (as an element an attribute
+namespaces, profiles, and vocabulary (as an element and attribute
catalog) of the Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) as follows:</p>
<ulist>
<item><p><specref ref="vocabulary-namespaces"/></p></item>
@@ -1079,14 +1116,14 @@
<div2 id="vocabulary-namespaces">
<head>Namespaces</head>
<p>The Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) employs a number of
-namespaces for elements and certain
+XML Namespaces <bibref ref="xmlns10"/> for elements and certain
global attributes. The following table specifies this set of namespaces
and indicates the default prefix used within this specification and the
normative URI that denotes each namespace.</p>
<note role="explanation">
-<p>In a specific document instance, it is not required that the default
+<p>In a specific <emph>Document Instance</emph>, it is not required that the default
prefixes shown below are used. Any prefix or namespace binding that satisfies the constraints
-of XML Namespaces may be used that is associated with the specified namespace URI.</p>
+of XML Namespaces <bibref ref="xmlns10"/> may be used that is associated with the specified namespace URI.</p>
</note>
<table id="namespace-vocab-table" role="common">
<caption>Table 1 – Namespaces</caption>
@@ -1201,10 +1238,9 @@
</note>
<p>A profile designator is not restricted to the set of designators enumerated
in <specref ref="profile-vocab-table"/>, but may be any URI that
-feasibly dereferences a TTML Profile Definition Document.</p>
+feasibly dereferences a TTML <emph>Profile Definition Document</emph>.</p>
<p>The profile of TTML that must be supported by a
-TTML content processor in order to process a document
-instance is specified either (1) by specifying a
+TTML <emph>Content Processor</emph> in order to process a <emph>Document Instance</emph> is determined either (1) by specifying a
<att>ttp:profile</att> attribute on the root <el>tt</el> element, as
defined by <specref ref="parameter-attribute-profile"/>, or (2) by
including one or more <el>ttp:profile</el>
@@ -1215,11 +1251,11 @@
href="#parameter-attribute-profile"><att>ttp:profile</att></loc>
attribute should not be specified on the <el>tt</el> element. If both
a <el>ttp:profile</el> element and a <att>ttp:profile</att>
-attribute are present (in a given document instance), then the
+attribute are present (in a given <emph>Document Instance</emph>), then the
<att>ttp:profile</att> attribute must be ignored for the purpose of
determining the declared profile requirements.</p>
<p>If more than one <el>ttp:profile</el> element appears in
-a TTML document instance, then all specified profiles apply
+a <emph>Document Instance</emph>, then all specified profiles apply
simultaneously. In such a case, if some feature or some extension is
specified by one profile to be used (mandatory and enabled) and by
another profile to be required (mandatory) or optional (voluntary),
@@ -1232,13 +1268,13 @@
<loc href="#parameter-attribute-profile"><att>ttp:profile</att></loc>
attribute nor
<loc href="#parameter-vocabulary-profile"><el>ttp:profile</el></loc>
-element is present in a TTML document instance, and if the Document
-Interchange Context does not make an implicit or explicit
-reference to a pre-defined Content Profile or does not specify a Profile Definition
-Document or another equivalent set of feature designations,
+element is present in a <emph>Document Instance</emph>, and if the <emph>Document
+Interchange Context</emph> does not make an implicit or explicit
+reference to a pre-defined Content Profile or does not specify a <emph>Profile Definition
+Document</emph> or another equivalent set of feature designations,
then the DFXP Transformation profile applies.</p>
<note role="elaboration">
-<p>It is not a requirement on a conformant document instance that a <emph>Content Profile</emph> be internally
+<p>It is not a requirement on a conformant <emph>Document Instance</emph> that a <emph>Content Profile</emph> be internally
defined by use of a <el>ttp:profile</el> element or internally referenced by a
<att>ttp:profile</att> attribute. More specifically, it is permitted that the <emph>Document
Interchange Context</emph> determines the applicable <emph>Content Profile</emph> through private
@@ -1248,15 +1284,15 @@
<note role="elaboration">
<p>It is intended that the <att>ttp:profile</att> attribute be used when
the author wishes to reference one of the standard, predefined profiles of
-TTML content, and does not wish to modify (by supersetting or subsetting)
+TTML Content, and does not wish to modify (by supersetting or subsetting)
that profile. This attribute may also be used by an author to indicate the use
of a non-standard profile, in which case the specified profile designator expresses
-a URI that denotes an externally defined TTML Profile Definition Document.
-However, it is not required that a conformant TTML content processor be able
+a URI that denotes an externally defined <emph>Profile Definition Document</emph>.
+However, it is not required that a conformant TTML Content processor be able
to dereference such an externally specified profile definition.</p>
<p>In contrast, it is intended that the <el>ttp:profile</el> element be
used when the author wishes to make use of a modified predefined profile or
-wishes to include in the document instance a non-standard profile definition
+wishes to include in the <emph>Document Instance</emph> a non-standard profile definition
not based upon one of the predefined profiles.</p>
<p>A predefined profile is supersetted by specifying some feature or extension to
be required (mandatory) that was either not specified in the underlying, baseline
@@ -1270,13 +1306,13 @@
It is also possible to define a derived profile that is simultaneously subtractive
and additive.</p>
</note>
-<p>If a TTML document instance makes use of a feature defined by
+<p>If a <emph>Document Instance</emph> makes use of a feature defined by
<specref ref="feature-designations"/> and if the intended use of the
document requires the recognition and processing of that feature, then
the document must include a <emph>required feature</emph> or
a <emph>used feature</emph>
specification in one of its declared or
-referenced profiles. If a TTML document instance makes use
+referenced profiles. If a <emph>Document Instance</emph> makes use
of an extension designatable by <specref
ref="extension-designations"/> and if the intended use of the document
requires the recognition and processing of that extension, then the
@@ -1302,8 +1338,8 @@
<p>An example of an author defined
additive, derived profile of the DFXP Presentation
profile is shown
-below in <specref ref="dfxp-example-sub-profile"/>.</p>
-<table id="dfxp-example-sub-profile" role="example">
+below in <specref ref="ttml-example-sub-profile"/>.</p>
+<table id="ttml-example-sub-profile" role="example">
<caption>Example Fragment – DFXP Additive Profile</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
@@ -1341,7 +1377,7 @@
<item><p><specref ref="extension-vocabulary-overview"/></p></item>
</ulist>
<p>The core catalog defines the baseline, core vocabulary of TTML,
-and, in particular, the vocabulary of DFXP Content. The extension catalog
+and, in particular, the vocabulary of TTML Content. The extension catalog
serves as a placeholder for extensions to the core vocabulary defined
by TTML.</p>
<div3 id="core-vocabulary-overview">
@@ -1359,8 +1395,7 @@
<item><p><specref ref="animation"/></p></item>
<item><p><specref ref="metadata"/></p></item>
</ulist>
-<p>The core element vocabulary specified for use with a TTML document
-instance is enumerated in
+<p>The core element vocabulary specified for use with a <emph>Document Instance</emph> is enumerated in
<specref ref="element-vocab-table"/>.</p>
<table id="element-vocab-table" role="common">
<caption>Table 3 – Element Vocabulary</caption>
@@ -1643,11 +1678,11 @@
<p>The extension vocabulary catalog is intended for use by future
profiles of TTML, and is not further defined
by this version of this specification.</p>
-<p>In addition to standardized extension vocabulary, a conforming TTML
-document instance may contain arbitrary namespace qualified
+<p>In addition to standardized extension vocabulary, a conforming
+<emph>Document Instance</emph> may contain arbitrary namespace qualified
elements that reside in any namespace other than those namespaces
-defined for use with this specification. Furthermore, a conforming TTML
-document instance may contain arbitrary namespace qualified
+defined for use with this specification. Furthermore, a conforming
+<emph>Document Instance</emph> may contain arbitrary namespace qualified
attributes on TTML defined vocabulary where such attributes reside in
any namespace other than those defined for use with this
specification.</p>
@@ -1661,13 +1696,13 @@
parameters are to be understood as information that is either (1)
essential or (2) of significant importance for the purpose of
interpreting the semantics of other types of information expressed by
-core vocabulary items or for establishing a processing context by means
-of which TTML content can be related to an external environment.</p>
+core vocabulary items or for establishing a <emph>Document Processing Context</emph> by means
+of which TTML Content can be related to an external environment.</p>
<div2 id="parameter-element-vocabulary">
<head>Parameter Element Vocabulary</head>
<p>The following elements, all defined in the TT Parameter
-Namespace, specify parametric information that applies to a document
-or a content processor:</p>
+Namespace, specify parametric information that applies to a <emph>Document Instance</emph>
+or <emph>Content Processor</emph>:</p>
<ulist>
<item><p><specref ref="parameter-vocabulary-profile"/></p></item>
<item><p><specref ref="parameter-vocabulary-features"/></p></item>
@@ -1680,8 +1715,8 @@
<p>The <el>ttp:profile</el> element is used to specify a collection of
used (mandatory and enabled), required (mandatory),
and optional (voluntary) features and extensions that must or
-may be supported by a TTML content processor in order to process a TTML
-document that makes use (or may make use) of such features and
+may be supported by a <emph>Content Processor</emph> in order to process a
+<emph>Document Instance</emph> that makes (or may make) use of such features and
extensions.</p>
<note role="clarification">
<p>The difference between a <emph>feature</emph> and an
@@ -1697,24 +1732,23 @@
<p>This specification defines two distinct uses of the <el>ttp:profile</el> element:</p>
<ulist>
<item>
-<p>as a child of the <el>head</el> element within a TTML document
-instance;</p>
-</item>
-<item>
-<p>as the root element of a TTML Profile Definition document
+<p>as a child of the <el>head</el> element within a TTML <emph>Document Instance</emph>;</p>
+</item>
+<item>
+<p>as the root element of a TTML <emph>Profile Definition Document</emph>
instance;</p>
</item>
</ulist>
-<p>When a <el>tt:profile</el> element appears within a TTML document
-instance, its purpose is to express authorial intentions about which
+<p>When a <el>tt:profile</el> element appears within a TTML <emph>Document Instance</emph>,
+its purpose is to express authorial intentions about which
features and extensions must or may be supported by a recipient
content processor. In addition, the element indirectly expresses
information about the set of features or extensions that are (or may
-expected to be) used by the document instance.</p>
-<p>When a <el>tt:profile</el> element is used by a TTML
-Profile Definition document instance, it serves to publish a machine
-readable specification of a specific TTML content profile, of which
-this specification defines three such Profile Definition Documents in
+expected to be) used by the <emph>Document Instance</emph>.</p>
+<p>When a <el>tt:profile</el> element is used by a TTML <emph>Profile Definition Document</emph> instance,
+it serves to publish a machine
+readable specification of a specific TTML Content profile, of which
+this specification defines three such <emph>Profile Definition Documents</emph> in
<specref ref="profiles"/>.</p>
<p>The <el>ttp:profile</el> element accepts as its children zero or more
elements in the <code>Metadata.class</code> element group, followed by
@@ -1742,9 +1776,9 @@
§3.2.17, and, furthermore, must denote a profile designator in
accordance with <specref ref="vocabulary-profiles"/>. In this case,
the profile designator must refer to (1) a standard, predefined
-TTML Profile Definition Document as defined by <specref ref="profiles"/>,
-or (2) a dereferenceable resource representing a valid TTML Profile Definition
-document instance. In either case, the referenced profile serves as the
+<emph>Profile Definition Document</emph> as defined by <specref ref="profiles"/>,
+or (2) a feasibly dereferenceable resource representing a valid <emph>Profile Definition
+Document</emph> instance. In either case, the referenced profile serves as the
baseline profile of the specifying <el>ttp:profile</el> element.</p>
<p>If the <att>use</att> attribute is not specified, then the baseline
profile of the <el>ttp:profile</el> element must be considered to be
@@ -1773,18 +1807,18 @@
</item>
</olist>
<p>A conformant TTML processor is not required to be able to
-dereference a TTML Profile Definition Document that is not one of the
-standard, predefined profiles defined by <specref ref="profiles"/>. A
-conformant TTML processor may make use of a built-in, static
+dereference a <emph>Profile Definition Document</emph> that is not one of the
+standard, predefined profiles defined by <specref ref="profiles"/>. Furthermore,
+a conformant TTML processor may make use of a built-in, static
form of each standard, predefined profile so as not to require
dereferencing a network resource.</p>
-<p>If a TTML processor is unable to dereference a non-standard TTML
-Profile Definition Document, then it must not further process the
+<p>If a TTML processor is unable to dereference a non-standard
+<emph>Profile Definition Document</emph>, then it must not further process the
document without the presence of an explicit override from an end-user
or some implementation specific parameter traceable to an end-user or
to a user or system configuration setting. If a TTML processor aborts
-processing of a TTML document instance due to the inability to
-reference a non-standard TTML Profile Definition Document, then some
+processing of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> due to the inability to
+reference a non-standard <emph>Profile Definition Document</emph>, then some
end-user notification should be given unless the end-user or system
has disabled such a notification, or if the processor does not permit
or entail the intervention of an end-user.</p>
@@ -1907,13 +1941,15 @@
specifying that support for the feature is required.</p>
</note>
<p>If the value of the <att>value</att> attribute is
-<code>required</code> or <code>use</code>,
-and if the TTML processor implementation does
-not support the feature, then it must not further process the document
+<code>required</code> or <code>use</code>
+and the TTML processor implementation does
+not support the feature, or if the <att>value</att> attribute is
+<code>use</code> and the TTML processor implementation supports but has disabled
+that feature, then it must not further process the document
without the presence of an explicit override from an end-user or some
implementation specific parameter traceable to an end-user or to a
user or system configuration setting. If a TTML processor aborts
-processing of a TTML document instance due to the specification of a
+processing of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> due to the specification of a
required, but unsupported feature by this element, then some end-user
notification should be given unless the end-user or system has
disabled such a notification, or if the processor does not permit or
@@ -1935,7 +1971,7 @@
with the <att>value</att> attribute equal to <code>optional</code>.</p>
<note role="elaboration">
<p>In particular, if some feature is not present in a profile definition, then
-it is not to be interpreted as meaning the use of that feature (in a document instance)
+it is not to be interpreted as meaning the use of that feature (in a <emph>Document Instance</emph>)
is disallowed or otherwise prohibited.</p>
</note>
<p>The <el>ttp:feature</el> element is illustrated by the following example.</p>
@@ -2068,14 +2104,17 @@
specified on a <el>ttp:extension</el> element, it is equivalent to
specifying that support for the extension is required.</p>
</note>
+
<p>If the value of the <att>value</att> attribute is
-<code>required</code> or <code>use</code>,
-and if the TTML processor implementation does not support the
-extension, then it must not further process the document without the
+<code>required</code> or <code>use</code>
+and the TTML processor implementation does
+not support the extension, or if the <att>value</att> attribute is
+<code>use</code> and the TTML processor implementation supports but has disabled
+that extension, then it must not further process the document without the
presence of an explicit override from an end-user or some
implementation specific parameter traceable to an end-user or to a
user or system configuration setting. If a TTML processor aborts
-processing of a TTML document instance due to the specification of a
+processing of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> due to the specification of a
required, but unsupported extension by this element, then some
end-user notification should be given unless the end-user or system
has disabled such a notification, or if the processor does not permit
@@ -2092,6 +2131,14 @@
considered to be a violation of document validity or a barrier to
further processing if the syntactic expression is well-formed and
valid.</p>
+<p>If some well known extension is not specified by
+a <el>ttp:extension</el> element in a given profile, then it must be interpreted as if the extension were specified
+with the <att>value</att> attribute equal to <code>optional</code>.</p>
+<note role="elaboration">
+<p>In particular, if some extension is not present in a profile definition, then
+it is not to be interpreted as meaning the use of that extension (in a <emph>Document Instance</emph>)
+is disallowed or otherwise prohibited.</p>
+</note>
<p>The <el>ttp:extension</el> element is illustrated by the following example.</p>
<table id="parameter-vocabulary-extension-example-1" role="example">
<caption>Example Fragment – ttp:extension</caption>
@@ -2100,7 +2147,7 @@
<td>
<eg xml:space="preserve">
<ttp:profile use="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/profile/dfxp-transformation">
- <ttp:extensions xml:base="http://foo.bar.example.org/ttaf1/extension/">
+ <ttp:extensions xml:base="http://example.org/ttaf1/extension/">
<phrase role="strong"><ttp:extension value="use">#prefilter-by-language</ttp:extension></phrase>
</ttp:extensions>
</ttp:profile>
@@ -2116,7 +2163,7 @@
defined in a third party namespace.</p>
<p>The effect of this example is to express authorial intentions that
a recipient processor must support the DFXP transformation profile and
-must also support and use an extension defined by a third party.</p>
+must also support and enable an extension defined by a third party.</p>
</note>
</div3>
</div2>
@@ -2136,8 +2183,9 @@
<item><p><specref ref="parameter-attribute-tickRate"/></p></item>
<item><p><specref ref="parameter-attribute-timeBase"/></p></item>
</ulist>
-<p>Unless explicitly stated otherwise, linear white-space (LWSP) may
-appear between tokens of a value of a TT Parameter.</p>
+<p>Unless explicitly stated otherwise, linear white-space (LWSP) must
+appear between adjacent non-terminal components of a TT Parameter value
+unless some other delimiter is permitted and used.</p>
<div3 id="parameter-attribute-cellResolution">
<head>ttp:cellResolution</head>
<p>The <att>ttp:cellResolution</att> attribute may be used by an author
@@ -2197,7 +2245,7 @@
ref="parameter-attribute-timeBase"/>.</p>
<note role="explanation">
<p>See <specref ref="timing-time-value-expressions"/> for the
-specification of time expression syntax.</p>
+specification of time expression syntax and semantics.</p>
</note>
<p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p>
<table id="parameter-attribute-clockMode-syntax" role="syntax">
@@ -2325,7 +2373,7 @@
<div3 id="parameter-attribute-frameRate">
<head>ttp:frameRate</head>
<p>The <att>ttp:frameRate</att> attribute is used to specify the frame rate of a related
-media object or the intrinsic frame rate of a document instance in case it is intended
+media object or the intrinsic frame rate of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> in case it is intended
to function as an independent media object.</p>
<p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p>
<table id="parameter-attribute-frameRate-syntax" role="syntax">
@@ -2341,14 +2389,19 @@
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
-<p>The frame rate that applies to a document instance is used to
+<p>The frame rate that applies to a <emph>Document Instance</emph> is used to
interpret time expressions that are expressed in <emph>frames</emph>
as defined by <specref ref="timing-value-timeExpression"/>.</p>
-<p>A frame is interpreted as a division of a second of media
+<p>If the <code>media</code> time base applies and the effective frame rate is
+integral, then a frame is interpreted as a division of a second of media
time, such that if the frame rate is specified as <emph>F</emph>, then
a second of media time is divided into <emph>F</emph> intervals of
equal duration, where each interval is labeled as frame <emph>f</emph>,
with <emph>f</emph> ∈ [0…<emph>F−1</emph>].</p>
+<note role="elaboration">
+<p>See <specref ref="time-expression-semantics-media"/> for further details
+on the interpretation of time expressions for the <code>media</code> time base.</p>
+</note>
<p>If not specified, the frame rate must be considered to be equal to some
application defined frame rate, or if no application defined frame rate applies,
then thirty (30) frames per second. If specified, then the frame rate must
@@ -2544,7 +2597,7 @@
<head>ttp:profile</head>
<p>The <att>ttp:profile</att> attribute may be used by a content author
to express the profile of the Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) used
-in a document instance.</p>
+in a <emph>Document Instance</emph>.</p>
<p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the
<code>xsd:anyURI</code> data type defined by <bibref ref="xsd-2"/>,
§3.2.17, and, further, must specify a
@@ -2557,7 +2610,7 @@
<div3 id="parameter-attribute-subFrameRate">
<head>ttp:subFrameRate</head>
<p>The <att>ttp:subFrameRate</att> attribute is used to specify the sub-frame rate of a related
-media object or the intrinsic sub-frame rate of a document instance in case it is intended
+media object or the intrinsic sub-frame rate of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> in case it is intended
to function as an independent media object.</p>
<p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p>
<table id="parameter-attribute-subFrameRate-syntax" role="syntax">
@@ -2573,14 +2626,19 @@
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
-<p>The sub-frame rate that applies to a document instance is used to
+<p>The sub-frame rate that applies to a <emph>Document Instance</emph> is used to
interpret time expressions that are expressed in <emph>sub-frames</emph>
as defined by <specref ref="timing-value-timeExpression"/>.</p>
-<p>A sub-frame is interpreted as a division of a frame of media
+<p>If the <code>media</code> time base applies and the effective frame rate is
+integral, a sub-frame is interpreted as a division of a frame of media
time, such that if the sub-frame rate is specified as <emph>S</emph>, then
a frame of media time is divided into <emph>S</emph> intervals of
equal duration, where each interval is labeled as sub-frame <emph>s</emph>,
with <emph>s</emph> ∈ [0…<emph>S−1</emph>].</p>
+<note role="elaboration">
+<p>See <specref ref="time-expression-semantics-media"/> for further details
+on the interpretation of time expressions for the <code>media</code> time base.</p>
+</note>
<p>If not specified, the sub-frame rate must be considered to be
equal to one (1). If specified, then the sub-frame rate must be greater than zero (0).</p>
<p>A <att>ttp:subFrameRate</att> attribute is considered to be significant only
@@ -2593,7 +2651,7 @@
<div3 id="parameter-attribute-tickRate">
<head>ttp:tickRate</head>
<p>The <att>ttp:tickRate</att> attribute is used to specify the tick rate of a related
-media object or the intrinsic tick rate of content of a document instance in case it is intended
+media object or the intrinsic tick rate of content of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> in case it is intended
to function as an independent media object.</p>
<p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p>
<table id="parameter-attribute-tickRate-syntax" role="syntax">
@@ -2609,15 +2667,20 @@
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
-<p>The tick rate that applies to a document instance is used to
+<p>The tick rate that applies to a <emph>Document Instance</emph> is used to
interpret time expressions that are expressed in <emph>ticks</emph> by
using the <code>t</code> metric as defined by <specref
ref="timing-value-timeExpression"/>.</p>
-<p>A tick is interpreted as an integral division of a second of media
+<p>If the <code>media</code> time base applies,
+a tick is interpreted as an integral division of a second of media
time, such that if the tick rate is specified as <emph>T</emph>, then
a second of media time is divided into <emph>T</emph> intervals of
equal duration, where each interval is labeled as tick <emph>t</emph>,
with <emph>t</emph> ∈ [0…<emph>T−1</emph>].</p>
+<note role="elaboration">
+<p>See <specref ref="time-expression-semantics-media"/> for further details
+on the interpretation of time expressions for the <code>media</code> time base.</p>
+</note>
<p>If not specified, then if a frame rate is specified, the tick rate
must be considered to be the effective frame rate multiplied by the
sub-frame rate (i.e., ticks are interpreted as sub-frames); or, if no
@@ -2637,7 +2700,7 @@
<head>ttp:timeBase</head>
<p>The <att>ttp:timeBase</att> attribute is used to specify the
temporal coordinate system by means of which time expressions are
-interpreted in a document instance.</p>
+interpreted in a <emph>Document Instance</emph>.</p>
<p>If specified, the value of this attribute must adhere to the following syntax:</p>
<table id="parameter-attribute-timeBase-syntax" role="syntax">
<caption>Syntax Representation – ttp:timeBase</caption>
@@ -2657,13 +2720,14 @@
<p>If the time base is designated as <code>media</code>, then a time
expression denotes a coordinate in some media object's time line,
where the media object may be an external media object with which the
-content of a document instance is to be synchronized, or it may
-be the content of a document instance itself in a case where
+content of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> is to be synchronized, or it may
+be the content of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> itself in a case where
the timed text content is intended to establish an independent time
line.</p>
<note role="explanation">
<p>When using a media time base, if that time base is paused or
-scaled positively or negatively, then it is expected that the
+scaled positively or negatively, i.e., the media play rate is
+not unity, then it is expected that the
presentation of associated Timed Text content will be similarly
paused, accelerated, or decelerated, respectively. The means for
controlling an external
@@ -2671,7 +2735,7 @@
</note>
<p>If the time base is designated as <code>smpte</code>,
then a time expression denotes a <bibref ref="smpte12m"/> time
-coordinate with which the content of a document instance is to
+coordinate with which the content of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> is to
be synchronized. In this case, the value of the <att>ttp:markerMode</att>
and <att>ttp:dropMode</att> parameters apply, as defined by <specref
ref="parameter-attribute-markerMode"/> and <specref
@@ -2693,7 +2757,7 @@
<p>A <att>ttp:timeBase</att> attribute is considered to be significant only
when specified on the <el>tt</el> element.</p>
<p>When operating with either <code>media</code> or <code>smpte</code>
-time bases, a diachronic presentation of a document instance may
+time bases, a diachronic presentation of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> may
be subject to transformations of the controlling time line, such as
temporal reversal, dilation (expansion), or constriction
(compression); however, when operating with the <code>clock</code>
@@ -2702,13 +2766,19 @@
based on the passage of real time.</p>
<note role="example">
<p>Due to there being only one time base parameter that applies to a
-given document instance, the interpretation of time expressions
-is uniform throughout the document instance.</p>
-</note>
+given <emph>Document Instance</emph>, the interpretation of time expressions
+is uniform throughout the <emph>Document Instance</emph>.</p>
+</note>
+<!-- [GA] Remove for TTML10SE - Misleading - Now expressed in Appendix N
<p>When operating with the <code>clock</code> time base,
the expression <emph>media time</emph> as used in this specification is
to be interpreted as the real-time clock selected by
<specref ref="parameter-attribute-clockMode"/>.</p>
+-->
+<note role="elaboration">
+<p>See <specref ref="time-expression-semantics"/> for further details
+on the interpretation of time expressions according to the designated time base.</p>
+</note>
</div3>
</div2>
</div1>
@@ -2719,7 +2789,7 @@
<div2 id="content-element-vocabulary">
<head>Content Element Vocabulary</head>
<p>The following elements specify the structure and principal content aspects of a
-document instance:</p>
+<emph>Document Instance</emph>:</p>
<ulist>
<item><p><specref ref="document-structure-vocabulary-tt"/></p></item>
<item><p><specref ref="document-structure-vocabulary-head"/></p></item>
@@ -2731,8 +2801,7 @@
</ulist>
<div3 id="document-structure-vocabulary-tt">
<head>tt</head>
-<p>The <el>tt</el> element serves as the root document element of a document
-instance.</p>
+<p>The <el>tt</el> element serves as the root document element of a <emph>Document Instance</emph>.</p>
<p>The <el>tt</el> element accepts as its children zero or one <el>head</el> element followed by
zero or one <el>body</el> element.</p>
<table id="elt-syntax-tt" role="syntax">
@@ -2755,25 +2824,30 @@
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
-<p>The <emph>Root Temporal Extent</emph>, i.e., the time interval over which a document instance is active, has an implicit duration that is equal to the
-implicit duration of the <el>body</el> element of the document, if present, or zero, if not present.</p>
+<p>The <emph>Root Temporal Extent</emph>, i.e., the time interval over which a <emph>Document Instance</emph> is active, has an implicit duration that is equal to the
+implicit duration of the <el>body</el> element of the document, if the <el>body</el> element is present, or zero, if the <el>body</el> element is absent.</p>
<p>If the <att>tts:extent</att> attribute is specified on the <el>tt</el>
element, then it must adhere to <specref ref="style-attribute-extent"/>, in which case it
-specifies the spatial extent of the root container region in
+specifies the spatial extent of the <emph>Root Container Region</emph> in
which content regions are located and presented. If no <att>tts:extent</att>
-attribute is specified, then the spatial extent of the root container region is
-considered to be determined by the external authoring or presentation
-context. The root container origin is determined by the <emph>Document Processing Context</emph>.</p>
-<note>
-<p>If an author desires to signal the (storage or image) aspect ratio of the root container
-region without specifying its resolution, then this may be accomplished by using metadata specified
+attribute is specified, then the spatial extent of the <emph>Root Container Region</emph> is
+considered to be determined by the <emph>Document Processing Context</emph>.
+The origin of the <emph>Root Container Region</emph> is determined by the <emph>Document Processing Context</emph>.</p>
+<note role="elaboration">
+<p>If an author desires to signal the (storage or image) aspect ratio of the <emph>Root Container Region</emph>
+without specifying its resolution, then this may be accomplished by using metadata specified
in an external namespace, such as <att>m708:aspectRatio</att> as defined in <bibref ref="smpte2052"/>, §5.4.4.
This would permit, for example, the interchange of information that reflects the
the semantics of <bibref ref="cea708d"/> , §4.5 “Caption Service Metadata”, “ASPECT RATIO”.</p>
</note>
+<note role="clarification">
+<p>In the absence of other requirements, and if a <emph>Related Media Object</emph> exists, then it is recommended
+that the origin of the <emph>Root Container Region</emph> be established so that it is centered in the region within
+which the <emph>Related Media Object</emph> is presented.</p>
+</note>
<p>An <att>xml:lang</att> attribute must be specified on the <el>tt</el> element.
If the attribute value is empty, it signifies that there is no default language that applies
-to the text contained within the document instance.</p>
+to the text contained within the <emph>Document Instance</emph>.</p>
<p>If no <att>xml:space</att> attribute is specified upon the <el>tt</el> element, then it must
be considered as if the attribute had been specified with a value of <code>default</code>.</p>
</div3>
@@ -2789,10 +2863,10 @@
followed by zero or one <el>styling</el> element,
followed by zero or one <el>layout</el> element.</p>
<p>Any metadata specified by children in the <code>Metadata.class</code>
-element group applies semantically to the document instance as a
+element group applies semantically to the <emph>Document Instance</emph> as a
whole, and not just the <el>head</el> element.</p>
<p>Any parameters specified by children in the <code>Parameters.class</code>
-element group applies semantically to the document instance as a
+element group applies semantically to the <emph>Document Instance</emph> as a
whole, and not just the <el>head</el> element.</p>
<p>A <el>styling</el> child element is used to specify style constructs
that are referenced from other style constructs, by layout constructs, and by
@@ -2868,7 +2942,7 @@
point of the <emph>Root Temporal Extent</emph>. Similarly, if the end point of this interval remains unspecified, then the
end point is interpreted as the ending point of the <emph>Root Temporal Extent</emph>.</p>
<note role="explanation">
-<p>A TTML document instance referenced from a SMIL presentation
+<p>A <emph>Document Instance</emph> referenced from a SMIL presentation
is expected to follow the same timing rules as apply to other SMIL media
objects.</p>
</note>
@@ -2883,7 +2957,7 @@
attribute or inline style attributes or a combination thereof.</p>
<note role="explanation">
<p>Style properties that are associated with a <el>body</el> element
-in a document instance are available for style inheritance by
+in a <emph>Document Instance</emph> are available for style inheritance by
descendant content elements such as <el>div</el>, <el>p</el>,
<el>span</el>
and <el>br</el>.</p>
@@ -2958,7 +3032,7 @@
<note role="explanation">
<p>Style properties that are associated
with
-a <el>div</el> element in a document instance
+a <el>div</el> element in a <emph>Document Instance</emph>
are available for style inheritance by descendant content elements such as
<el>div</el>,
<el>p</el>,
@@ -2978,10 +3052,10 @@
followed by zero or more
elements in the <code>Animation.class</code> element group,
followed by
-zero or more
-<code>span</code> element,
-<code>br</code> element,
-or text nodes interpreted as anonymous spans.</p>
+zero or more intermixed
+<code>span</code> elements,
+<code>br</code> elements,
+or text nodes interpreted as an anonymous spans.</p>
<p>Any metadata specified by children in the <code>Metadata.class</code>
element group applies semantically to the <el>p</el> element and its descendants as a whole.</p>
<p>Any animation elements specified by children in the <code>Animation.class</code>
@@ -3020,7 +3094,7 @@
attribute or inline style attributes or a combination thereof.</p>
<note role="explanation">
<p>Style properties that are associated with a <el>p</el> element
-in a document instance are available for style inheritance by
+in a <emph>Document Instance</emph> are available for style inheritance by
descendant content elements such as <el>span</el> and
<el>br</el>.</p>
</note>
@@ -3050,7 +3124,7 @@
followed by zero or more
elements in the <code>Animation.class</code> element group,
followed by
-zero or more
+zero or more intermixed
<el>span</el> elements,
<el>br</el> elements,
or text nodes interpreted as anonymous spans.</p>
@@ -3092,7 +3166,7 @@
attribute or inline style attributes or a combination thereof.</p>
<note role="explanation">
<p>Style properties that are associated with a <el>span</el> element
-in a document instance are available for style inheritance by
+in a <emph>Document Instance</emph> are available for style inheritance by
descendant content elements such as <el>span</el> and
<el>br</el>.</p>
</note>
@@ -3130,7 +3204,7 @@
<p>The visual presentation of a <el>br</el> element is
intended to produce the same effect as the control character
<code>CR</code> (U+000D)
-followed by the control code <code>NL</code> (U+000A) when presented on a teletype device.
+followed by the control code <code>LF</code> (U+000A) when presented on a teletype device.
Therefore, two <el>br</el> elements in sequence will produce a
different effect than a single <el>br</el> element.</p>
</note>
@@ -3184,7 +3258,7 @@
-->
<!-- NEW DEFINITION -->
<p>The semantics of the value <code>default</code> are fixed to mean that
-when performing presentation processing of a document instance as
+when performing presentation processing of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> as
described by <specref ref="semantics-region-layout-step-2"/>,
processing must occur as
if the following properties were specified on the affected
@@ -3250,7 +3324,7 @@
Styling attributes are included in TTML to enable authorial intent of presentation
to be included within a self-contained document. This section describes
the semantics of style presentation in terms of a standard processing
- model. TTML Processors are not required to present TTML documents in any particular way;
+ model. TTML Processors are not required to present <emph>Document Instances</emph> in any particular way;
but an implementation of this model by a TTML Presentation Processor
that provides externally observable results that are consistent with this model is
likely to lead to a user experience that closely resembles the experience intended by
@@ -3271,7 +3345,7 @@
<div2 id="styling-element-vocabulary">
<head>Styling Element Vocabulary</head>
<p>The following elements specify the structure and principal styling aspects of a
-document instance:</p>
+<emph>Document Instance</emph>:</p>
<ulist>
<item><p><specref ref="styling-vocabulary-styling"/></p></item>
<item><p><specref ref="styling-vocabulary-style"/></p></item>
@@ -3325,10 +3399,7 @@
<loc href="#content-attribute-space">xml:space</loc> = (<emph>default</emph>|<emph>preserve</emph>)
{<emph>any attribute in TT Style namespace</emph>}
{<emph>any attribute not in default or any TT namespace</emph>}>
- <!-- change for future CSS compatibility
- <emph>Content:</emph> <loc href="#element-vocab-group-table">Metadata.class</loc>*
- -->
- <emph>Content:</emph> EMPTY
+ <emph>Content:</emph> EMPTY
</style>
</eg>
</td>
@@ -3346,6 +3417,12 @@
element must appear as a descendant of the <el>styling</el> element, and
not in any other context.</p>
</note>
+<note role="explanation">
+<p>In this version of this specification, the <el>style</el> element is the
+only non-metadata element that is not defined to accept <code>Metadata.class</code>
+children. It is expected that this asymmetry will be corrected in the next
+revision of this specification.</p>
+</note>
</div3>
</div2>
<div2 id="styling-attribute-vocabulary">
@@ -3381,10 +3458,10 @@
<item><p><specref ref="style-attribute-writingMode"/></p></item>
<item><p><specref ref="style-attribute-zIndex"/></p></item>
</ulist>
-<p>Unless explicitly stated otherwise, linear white-space (LWSP) may
-appear between tokens of a value of a TT
+<p>Unless explicitly stated otherwise, linear white-space (LWSP) must
+appear between adjacent non-terminal components of a value of a TT
Style or TT Style Extension
-Property.</p>
+Property value unless some other delimiter is permitted and used.</p>
<note role="explanation">
<p>This specification makes use of <emph>lowerCamelCased</emph> local
names for style attributes that
@@ -3417,6 +3494,9 @@
<item><p><loc href="#content-vocabulary-span"><el>span</el></loc></p></item>
<item><p><loc href="#styling-vocabulary-style"><el>style</el></loc></p></item>
</ulist>
+<p>If specified, the value of a <att>style</att> attribute must
+adhere to the <code>IDREFS</code> data type defined by <bibref ref="xsd-2"/>,
+§ 3.3.10.</p>
<note role="usage">
<p>See the specific element type definitions that permit use of the
<att>style</att> attribute, as well as <specref
@@ -5282,6 +5362,14 @@
<p>If a specified value of this attribute is not supported,
then a presentation processor must interpret the attribute as if the
value <code>none</code> were specified.</p>
+
+<note role="clarification">
+<p>The syntax used above in defining the value of this property is based on the
+value component syntax defined in <bibref ref="css2"/>, § 1.4.2.1. In essence,
+one or more of the values separated by <code>||</code> may appear in the property
+value in any order, such as <code>"noUnderline overline lineThrough"</code>.</p>
+</note>
+
<p>The <att>tts:textDecoration</att> style is illustrated by the following example.</p>
<table id="style-attribute-textDecoration-example-1" role="example">
<caption>Example Fragment – Text Decoration</caption>
@@ -5916,8 +6004,7 @@
<p>If two areas are associated with the same Z-index value, then, if those areas
overlap in space, the area(s) generated by lexically subsequent elements must be
rendered over area(s) generated by lexically prior elements, where lexical
-order is defined as the postorder traversal of a document
-instance.</p>
+order is defined as the postorder traversal of a <emph>Document Instance</emph>.</p>
<p>The semantics of the value <code>auto</code> are those defined by
<bibref ref="xsl11"/>, § 7.30.18, where the <el>tt</el> element
is considered to establish the root stacking context.</p>
@@ -6605,7 +6692,7 @@
<item><p><loc href="#semantics-style-inheritance-content">region style inheritance</loc></p></item>
</ulist>
<p>For the purpose of determining inherited styles, the element hierarchy of
-an intermediate synchronic document form of a TTML document instance must be used, where
+an intermediate synchronic document form of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> must be used, where
such intermediate forms are defined by <specref ref="semantics-region-layout-step-1"/>.</p>
<note role="explanation">
<p>The intermediate synchronic document form is utilized rather than
@@ -7050,7 +7137,7 @@
<div2 id="layout-element-vocabulary">
<head>Layout Element Vocabulary</head>
<p>The following elements specify the structure and principal layout aspects of a
-document instance:</p>
+<emph>Document Instance</emph>:</p>
<ulist>
<item><p><specref ref="layout-vocabulary-layout"/></p></item>
<item><p><specref ref="layout-vocabulary-region"/></p></item>
@@ -7138,7 +7225,7 @@
interval of the nearest ancestor element associated with a time
interval, irregardless of whether that interval is explicit or implied.</p>
<p>The nearest ancestor element of a <el>region</el> element that is associated
-with a time interval is the document instance's root <el>tt</el> element.</p>
+with a time interval is the <emph>Document Instance</emph>'s root <el>tt</el> element.</p>
<p>If a <att>dur</att> attribute is specified on the <el>region</el> element, then it
specifies the simple duration of the region.</p>
<p>For the purpose of determining the semantics of presentation processing, a
@@ -7209,7 +7296,7 @@
</p>
<div3 id="semantics-default-region">
<head>Default Region</head>
-<p>If a TTML document instance does not specify a
+<p>If a <emph>Document Instance</emph> does not specify a
<loc href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc> element,
then a <emph>default region</emph> is implied with the following characteristics:</p>
<ulist>
@@ -7222,19 +7309,18 @@
</item>
<item>
<p>the temporal interval of the default region is the same as temporal
-interval of the document instance;</p>
+interval of the <emph>Document Instance</emph>;</p>
</item>
</ulist>
<p>Furthermore, if no <loc
href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc> element was
specified, then the <loc
href="#layout-attribute-region"><att>region</att></loc> attribute must
-not be specified on any content element in the document
-instance.</p>
-<p>If a default region is implied for a given document instance, then
+not be specified on any content element in the <emph>Document Instance</emph>.</p>
+<p>If a default region is implied for a given <emph>Document Instance</emph>, then
the <loc href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><el>body</el></loc> element
is implicitly targeted to (associated with) the default region.</p>
-<p>When implying a default region, the document instance is to be
+<p>When implying a default region, the <emph>Document Instance</emph> is to be
treated as if a <loc
href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc> element and its
parent <loc href="#layout-vocabulary-layout"><el>layout</el></loc>
@@ -7273,10 +7359,9 @@
<div3 id="semantics-region-layout-step-1">
<head>Intermediate Synchronic Document Construction</head>
<p>For the purposes of performing presentation processing, the active time
-duration of a document instance is divided into a sequence of time coordinates where at
+duration of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> is divided into a sequence of time coordinates where at
each time coordinate, some element becomes temporally active or inactive,
-then, at each such time coordinate, a document
-instance is mapped from its original, source
+then, at each such time coordinate, a <emph>Document Instance</emph> is mapped from its original, source
form, <emph>DOC<sub>source</sub></emph> ,
to an intermediate
synchronic document form,
@@ -7371,12 +7456,12 @@
-->
<p>The result of performing the processing described above will be a sequence of
<emph>N</emph> intermediate synchronic
-document instances,
+<emph>Document Instances</emph>,
<emph>DOC<sub><phrase>inter<sub>0</sub></phrase></sub></emph> …
<emph>DOC<sub><phrase>inter<sub>N−1</sub></phrase></sub></emph>.</p>
<note id="semantics-smooth-scrolling-recommendation" role="elaboration">
<p>Where an implementation is able to detect significant similarity between two
-adjacent synchronic document instances,
+adjacent synchronic <emph>Document Instances</emph>,
<emph>DOC<sub><phrase>inter<sub>N</sub></phrase></sub></emph>
<emph>DOC<sub><phrase>inter<sub>N−1</sub></phrase></sub></emph>,
then it is preferred that the implementation make the transition between
@@ -7449,7 +7534,7 @@
associated with a <att>tts:display</att> style property with the value
<code>none</code>, map the element to a distinct <el>fo:block</el> element,
populating the style properties of <el>fo:block</el> by using the computed
-style set associated with each original TTML content element;</p>
+style set associated with each original TTML Content element;</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>for the resulting <el>fo:block</el> formatting object
@@ -7490,7 +7575,7 @@
map the element or
sequence of character items to a distinct <el>fo:inline</el> element,
populating the style properties of <el>fo:inline</el> by using the computed
-style set associated with each original TTML content element
+style set associated with each original TTML Content element
or anonymous span;</p>
</item>
<item>
@@ -7512,7 +7597,7 @@
<p>for each TTML style property attribute in some computed
style set that
has no counterpart in <bibref ref="xsl11"/>, map that attribute directly through
-to the relevant formatting object produced by the input TTML content element to
+to the relevant formatting object produced by the input TTML Content element to
which the style property applies;</p>
</item>
<item>
@@ -7558,7 +7643,7 @@
</note>
<note>
<p>Due to the possible presence of TTML style properties or style property values
-in a given TTML document instance for which there is no <bibref ref="xsl11"/> counterpart,
+in a given <emph>Document Instance</emph> for which there is no <bibref ref="xsl11"/> counterpart,
Implementors should recognize that it is the layout model of <bibref ref="xsl11"/> that is being referenced
by this specification, not the requirement to use a compliant <bibref ref="xsl11"/> formatting processor,
since such would not necessarily be sufficient to satisfy the full presentation semantics
@@ -7585,7 +7670,7 @@
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
-<eg xml:space="preserve">&dfxp-ex1;</eg>
+<eg xml:space="preserve">&ttml-ex1;</eg>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
@@ -7600,7 +7685,7 @@
and where paragraphs <code>p1</code> and <code>p2</code> (and their ancestors)
are selected into regions <code>r1</code> and <code>r2</code>, respectively.</p>
<note>
-<p>The intermediate documents shown below are not valid TTML document instances,
+<p>The intermediate documents shown below are not valid <emph>Document Instances</emph>,
but rather, are representations of possible internal processing states used for
didactic purposes.</p>
</note>
@@ -7609,7 +7694,7 @@
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
-<eg xml:space="preserve">&dfxp-ex1-x-0;</eg>
+<eg xml:space="preserve">&ttml-ex1-x-0;</eg>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
@@ -7628,7 +7713,7 @@
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
-<eg xml:space="preserve">&dfxp-ex1-p-0;</eg>
+<eg xml:space="preserve">&ttml-ex1-p-0;</eg>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
@@ -7644,7 +7729,7 @@
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
-<eg xml:space="preserve">&dfxp-ex1-x-1;</eg>
+<eg xml:space="preserve">&ttml-ex1-x-1;</eg>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
@@ -7658,7 +7743,7 @@
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
-<eg xml:space="preserve">&dfxp-ex1-x-2;</eg>
+<eg xml:space="preserve">&ttml-ex1-x-2;</eg>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
@@ -7673,14 +7758,14 @@
lines for presentation processing of a document instance on a visual medium.</p>
-->
-<p>If a profile that applies to a document instance
+<p>If a profile that applies to a <emph>Document Instance</emph>
requires use of the <loc
href="#feature-lineBreak-uax14">#lineBreak-uax14</loc> feature
(i.e., the value attribute for the feature is specified as <code>use</code>), then
the recommendations defined by <loc
href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr14/#Algorithm">Line
Breaking Algorithm</loc> <bibref ref="uax14"/> apply when performing
-line layout on the content of the document instance.</p>
+line layout on the content of the <emph>Document Instance</emph>.</p>
</div2>
</div1>
<div1 id="timing">
@@ -7755,7 +7840,7 @@
is used with a <att>dur</att> attribute, it is intended to be interpreted as
a difference between two implied clock time expressions.</p>
</note>
-<p>When a TTML document instance specifies the use of the
+<p>When a <emph>Document Instance</emph> specifies the use of the
<code>smpte</code> time base and <code>discontinuous</code> marker
mode, the <att>dur</att> attribute must not be specified on any
element.</p>
@@ -7824,18 +7909,18 @@
</ulist>
<div3 id="timing-value-timeExpression">
<head><timeExpression></head>
-<p>A <timeExpression> is used to specify a coordinate along
+<p>A <timeExpression> is used to specify a coordinate within
some time base, where the applicable time base is determined by the
<att>ttp:timeBase</att> parameter, and where the semantics defined
by <specref ref="time-expression-semantics"/> apply.</p>
<note role="example">
-<p>See <specref ref="parameter-attribute-timeBase"/>, <specref
-ref="parameter-attribute-frameRate"/>, <specref
-ref="parameter-attribute-subFrameRate"/>, and <specref
-ref="parameter-attribute-tickRate"/> for further information on
-explicit specification of time base, frame rate, sub-frame rate, and
-tick rate.</p>
+<p>See
+<specref ref="parameter-attribute-frameRate"/>,
+<specref ref="parameter-attribute-subFrameRate"/>,
+<specref ref="parameter-attribute-tickRate"/>, and
+<specref ref="parameter-attribute-timeBase"/> for further information on
+explicit specification of frame rate, sub-frame rate, tick rate, and time base.</p>
</note>
<table id="timeExpression-syntax" role="syntax">
<caption>Syntax Representation – <timeExpression></caption>
@@ -8013,7 +8098,7 @@
<div2 id="animation-element-vocabulary">
<head>Animation Element Vocabulary</head>
<p>The following elements specify the structure and principal animation aspects of a
-document instance:</p>
+<emph>Document Instance</emph>:</p>
<ulist>
<item><p><specref ref="animation-vocabulary-set"/></p></item>
</ulist>
@@ -8138,16 +8223,16 @@
parameters, content,
style, layout, timing, and even metadata itself, where the information
represented by metadata takes one of two forms: (1) metadata defined by this
-specification for standardized use in a document instance, and (2) arbitrary
+specification for standardized use in a <emph>Document Instance</emph>, and (2) arbitrary
metadata defined outside of the scope of this specification, whose use and
-semantics depend entirely upon an application's use of TTML content.</p>
+semantics depend entirely upon an application's use of TTML Content.</p>
<div2 id="metadata-element-vocabulary">
<head>Metadata Element Vocabulary</head>
<p>The <specref ref="metadata-vocabulary-metadata"/> element serves as
a generic container element for grouping metadata information.</p>
<p>In addition, the following elements, all defined in the TT Metadata Namespace,
provide standard representations for common metadata that is expected to be commonly
-used in a document instances:
+used in a <emph>Document Instances</emph>:
</p>
<ulist>
<item><p><specref ref="metadata-vocabulary-title"/></p></item>
@@ -8248,7 +8333,7 @@
<td>
<eg xml:space="preserve">
...
-<div xmlns:ext="http://foo.bar.example.org/ttaf1#metadata">
+<div xmlns:ext="http://example.org/ttaf1#metadata">
<metadata ext:ednote="remove this division prior to publishing"/>
</div>
...
@@ -8567,7 +8652,7 @@
involved in the performance of the content.</p>
<p>If specified, a <att>ttm:agent</att> attribute must reference
<el>ttm:agent</el> element instances that appear
-as a descendent of the same document instance as
+as a descendent of the same <emph>Document Instance</emph> as
that of the referring element.</p>
<p>An example of the <att>ttm:agent</att> attribute is shown above in
<specref ref="metadata-vocabulary-agent-example-1"/>.</p>
@@ -8626,6 +8711,14 @@
<p>All values of <att>ttm:role</att> that do not start with the prefix
<code>x-</code> are reserved for future standardization.</p>
</note>
+<note role="extensibility">
+<p>If using a custom <code>x-</code> prefixed form of <att>ttm:role</att>, it
+is recommended that an organization unique infix be used as well in order to
+prevent collisions. For example, <code>x-example-org-custom-role</code>. Furthermore,
+a registry for role values is available at
+<loc href="http://www.w3.org/wiki/TTML/RoleRegistry">http://www.w3.org/wiki/TTML/RoleRegistry</loc>
+in order to promote interoperability and collision avoidance.</p>
+</note>
</div3>
</div2>
</div1>
@@ -8634,7 +8727,7 @@
<div1 id="reduced-infoset">
<head>Reduced XML Infoset</head>
<p><emph>This appendix is normative.</emph></p>
-<p>For the purposes of this specification, a Reduced XML Infoset is
+<p>For the purposes of this specification, a <emph>Reduced XML Infoset</emph> is
an XML Information Set <bibref ref="infoset"/> that consists of only the following information items
and information item properties:</p>
<div2 id="reduced-infoset-document">
@@ -8675,7 +8768,7 @@
<head>Schemas</head>
<p><emph>This appendix is normative.</emph></p>
<p>This appendix specifies the following schemas for use with
-DFXP Content document instances:</p>
+<emph>Document Instances</emph>:</p>
<ulist>
<item><p>Relax NG, Compact Syntax (RNC) Schema</p></item>
<item><p>XML Schema Definition (XSD) Schema</p></item>
@@ -8684,22 +8777,22 @@
normative definitions of document type, element type, or attribute type
as defined by the body of this specification, then the body of this
specification takes precedence.</p>
-<div2 id="dfxp-schema-rnc">
-<head>Relax NG Schema</head>
+<div2 id="ttml-schema-rnc">
+<head>Relax NG Compact (RNC) Schema</head>
<p>A Relax NG Compact Syntax (RNC) <bibref ref="rng"/> based schema
for TTML Content is available at <loc href="rnc/schema.zip">ZIP
Archive</loc>. This schema does not normatively define the validity
of Timed Text Markup Language content as defined by this specification.
-In particular, the formal validity of TTML content
+In particular, the formal validity of TTML Content
is defined by <specref ref="conformance-content"/>.</p>
</div2>
-<div2 id="dfxp-schema-xsd">
+<div2 id="ttml-schema-xsd">
<head>XML Schema Definition (XSD) Schema</head>
<p>A W3C XML Schema Definition (XSD) <bibref ref="xsd-1"/> based schema
for TTML Content is available at <loc href="xsd/schema.zip">ZIP
Archive</loc>. This schema does not normatively define the validity
of Timed Text Markup Language content as defined by this specification.
-In particular, the formal validity of TTML content
+In particular, the formal validity of TTML Content
is defined by <specref ref="conformance-content"/>.</p>
</div2>
</div1>
@@ -8746,7 +8839,7 @@
<gitem>
<label>profile</label>
<def>
-<p>The document profile of a TTML document may be specified using
+<p>The document profile of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> may be specified using
an optional <code>profile</code> parameter, which, if specified,
the value of which must adhere to the syntax and semantics of
<att>ttp:profile</att> parameter defined by
@@ -11191,7 +11284,7 @@
<specref ref="feature-transformation-mandatory-table"/>, enumerates all
mandatory features for a TTML Transformation Processor, providing additional
comments to summarize the context of usage or the nature of the feature.
-The TTML Profile Definition Document that defines the corresponding
+The <emph>Profile Definition Document</emph> that defines the corresponding
DFXP Transformation Profile is specified in
<specref ref="profile-dfxp-transformation"/>.
</p>
@@ -11256,7 +11349,7 @@
<specref ref="feature-presentation-mandatory-table"/>, enumerates all
mandatory features for a TTML Presentation Processor, providing additional
comments to summarize the context of usage or the nature of the feature.
-The TTML Profile Definition Document that defines the corresponding
+The <emph>Profile Definition Document</emph> that defines the corresponding
DFXP Presentation Profile is specified in
<specref ref="profile-dfxp-presentation"/>.
</p>
@@ -11363,7 +11456,7 @@
<item><p><specref ref="profile-dfxp-presentation"/></p></item>
<item><p><specref ref="profile-dfxp-full"/></p></item>
</ulist>
-<p>Each TTML profile is defined in terms of a TTML Profile Definition Document,
+<p>Each TTML profile is defined in terms of a <emph>Profile Definition Document</emph>,
which is expressed as an XML document wherein the root element adheres to
<specref ref="parameter-vocabulary-profile"/>.</p>
<div2 id="profile-dfxp-transformation">
@@ -12470,7 +12563,7 @@
<td><loc href="#parameter-attribute-profile"><code>ttp:profile</code></loc></td>
<td><emph>none</emph></td>
<td></td>
-<td>expresses profile of TTML used by document instance</td>
+<td>expresses profile of TTML used by <emph>Document Instance</emph></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
@@ -13108,7 +13201,7 @@
<item>
<p>See criterion #3 in <specref
ref="conformance-processor"/> and definition of
-<loc href="#doctypes">TTML Abstract Document Instance</loc>.</p>
+TTML <loc href="#doctypes">Abstract Document Instance</loc>.</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>No feature is deprecated or obsoleted by this version of this specification.</p>
@@ -13132,7 +13225,7 @@
</item>
<item>
<p>does not require dereferencing (and subsequent loading) of any
-resources other than TTML content (i.e., no embedded URIs);</p>
+resources other than TTML Content (i.e., no embedded URIs);</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>does not support alternative content forms (e.g., different
@@ -13149,10 +13242,10 @@
</item>
</ulist>
<p>One possible means by which TTML Content may be streamed is to
-partition a TTML document instance's information set into
+partition a <emph>Document Instance</emph>'s information set into
non-overlapping fragments, where one particular fragment, call it the
<emph>root fragment</emph>, represents the front matter (head) of the
-document instance as well as its top level structural elements, and
+<emph>Document Instance</emph> as well as its top level structural elements, and
other fragments represent content whose time intervals are expected to
be active in parallel.</p>
<p>In applications that require arbitrary (random) entry into a
@@ -13162,7 +13255,7 @@
resynchronize and acquire sufficient structural information in the
information set in order to interpret subsequent content
fragments.</p>
-<p>An example of such a fragmentation of a TTML document instance is
+<p>An example of such a fragmentation of a <emph>Document Instance</emph> is
shown in <specref ref="fragment-streaming-graphic"/>.</p>
<table id="fragment-streaming-graphic" role="example-images">
<caption>Figure 3 – Fragment Streaming</caption>
@@ -13180,14 +13273,14 @@
</inform-div1>
<inform-div1 id="concrete-encoding">
<head>Concrete Encoding</head>
-<p>In the absence of other requirements, it is recommended that a TTML document be concretely encoded as a
+<p>In the absence of other requirements, it is recommended that a <emph>Document Instance</emph> be concretely encoded as a
well-formed XML 1.0 <bibref ref="xml10"/> document using the UTF-8 character encoding.</p>
</inform-div1>
<inform-div1 id="time-expression-semantics">
<head>Time Expression Semantics</head>
-<p>This appendix describes the intended semantics for interpreting time expressions in TTML documents.</p>
+<p>This appendix describes the intended semantics for interpreting time expressions in <emph>Document Instances</emph>.</p>
<note role="elaboration">
<p>It is expected that the information in this appendix will be elevated to normative status in a future revision of this specification.</p>
@@ -13566,7 +13659,7 @@
</inform-div1>
<inform-div1 id="common-styling">
<head>Common Caption Style Examples</head>
-<p>This section provides examples of the following common caption styles using TTML content
+<p>This section provides examples of the following common caption styles using TTML Content
to obtain the desired behavior:</p>
<ulist>
<item><p>Pop-On Captions</p></item>
@@ -13583,7 +13676,7 @@
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
-<eg xml:space="preserve">&dfxp-ex2-pop-on;</eg>
+<eg xml:space="preserve">&ttml-ex2-pop-on;</eg>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
@@ -13593,14 +13686,14 @@
<head>Roll-Up Caption Example</head>
<p>An example of roll-up captions. Roll-up effects are achieved by using overlapped time intervals, where zero, one, or two paragraphs appear in the region
at a given time. Each paragraph consumes a single row (line) of the region since no wrapping occurs. Depending on whether a presentation processor supports
-<loc href="#semantics-smooth-scrolling-recommendation">smooth scrolling between adjacent synchronic document instances</loc>, the transitions, i.e., moving an
+<loc href="#semantics-smooth-scrolling-recommendation">smooth scrolling between adjacent synchronic intermediate document instances</loc>, the transitions, i.e., moving an
old paragraph (line) out and a new paragraph (line) in, will be either smooth or discrete.</p>
<table id="roll-up-example-1-s" role="example">
<caption>Example – Roll-Up Captions</caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
-<eg xml:space="preserve">&dfxp-ex2-roll-up;</eg>
+<eg xml:space="preserve">&ttml-ex2-roll-up;</eg>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
@@ -13616,7 +13709,7 @@
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
-<eg xml:space="preserve">&dfxp-ex2-paint-on;</eg>
+<eg xml:space="preserve">&ttml-ex2-paint-on;</eg>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>