Merge
authorpal@sandflow.org
Thu, 31 Jul 2014 15:46:54 +0200
changeset 673 7916b582f887
parent 672 b89ae6f7b8c4 (current diff)
parent 670 cfc97911f6e0 (diff)
child 674 bcc769a83095
child 675 042cf5cb2a74
Merge
--- a/ttml1/spec/ttml1-errata.html	Thu Jul 31 15:46:24 2014 +0200
+++ b/ttml1/spec/ttml1-errata.html	Thu Jul 31 15:46:54 2014 +0200
@@ -54,8 +54,10 @@
     <h2>Conventions</h2>
     <p>Added text marked <span class="diff-add">thus</span>. Removed text
       marked <span class="diff-del">thus</span>. Changed text marked <span class="diff-chg">thus</span>.</p>
-    <h2 id="errors">Known errata as of 17 July 2014</h2>
+    <h2 id="errors">Known errata as of 31 July 2014</h2>
     <ul>
+      <li><a href="#errata-2.3-1">Correction in TTML1 Section 2.3 Document Conventions</a>
+          (published 2014-07-31)</li>
       <li><a href="#errata-5.2-1">Correction in TTML1 Section 5.2 Profiles</a>
           (published 2014-01-30)</li>
       <li><a href="#errata-8.2.7-1">Correction in TTML1 Section 8.2.7 tts:extent attribute</a>
@@ -71,6 +73,15 @@
     </ul>
     <h2>Errata</h2>
     <hr />
+    <p id="errata-2.3-1">Correction
+        in <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-ttml1-20130924/#conventions">TTML1 Section 2.3 Document Conventions</a> (published 2014-07-31) </p>
+    <p class="description"><span class="title-description">Description</span>:</p>
+    Clarify meaning of expression <em>{any attribute not in default or any TT namespace}</em>.
+    <p class="description"><em><strong><span class="title-correction">Resolution</span></strong></em>:</p>
+    <p>Add following paragraph after the first paragraph (starting with "In an XML representation, ...") that follows the
+    <strong>XML Representation &#x2014; Element Information Item: example</strong>:</p>
+    <p class="diff-add">In an XML representation, the expression <em>{any attribute not in default or any TT namespace}</em> applies only to namespace qualified attributes; unqualified attributes are not permitted unless explicitly defined in this specification.</p>
+    <hr />
     <p id="errata-5.2-1">Correction
         in <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-ttml1-20130924/#vocabulary-profiles">TTML1 Section 5.2 Profiles</a> (published 2014-01-30) </p>
     <p class="description"><span class="title-description">Description</span>:</p>
Binary file ttml2/spec/rnc/schema.zip has changed
--- a/ttml2/spec/rnc/ttml2-animation.rnc	Thu Jul 31 15:46:24 2014 +0200
+++ b/ttml2/spec/rnc/ttml2-animation.rnc	Thu Jul 31 15:46:54 2014 +0200
@@ -4,6 +4,14 @@
 
 namespace xlink = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
 
+# animate reference attribute; must reference /head/animation/{animate,set}
+TTAF.animate.attrib
+  = attribute animate { xsd:IDREFS }?
+
+# animation binding attribute class
+TTAF.AnimationBinding.attrib.class &=
+  TTAF.animate.attrib
+
 # animation - generic animation container
 TTAF.animation =
   element animation {
@@ -31,20 +39,11 @@
   TTAF.Core.attrib.class,
   TTAF.Styled.attrib.class,
   TTAF.Timed.attrib.class,
-  attribute accumulate { TTAF.Accumulate.datatype }?,
-  attribute additive { TTAF.Accumulate.datatype }?,
-  attribute attributeName { TTAF.QualifiedName.datatype },
-  attribute by { TTAF.AnimationValue.datatype }?,
   attribute calcMode { TTAF.CalcMode.datatype }?,
   attribute fill { TTAF.Fill.datatype }?,
-  attribute from { TTAF.AnimationValue.datatype }?,
   attribute keySplines { TTAF.KeySplines.datatype }?,
   attribute keyTimes { TTAF.KeyTimes.datatype }?,
-  attribute repeatCount { TTAF.RepeatCount.datatype }?,
-  attribute repeatDur { TTAF.RepeatDur.datatype }?,
-  attribute to { TTAF.AnimationValue.datatype }?,
-  attribute values { TTAF.AnimationValueList.datatype }?,
-  attribute xlink:href { xsd:anyURI }?
+  attribute repeatCount { TTAF.RepeatCount.datatype }?
 
 TTAF.animation.animate.content.extra = empty
 TTAF.animation.animate.content =
@@ -61,7 +60,9 @@
 TTAF.animation.set.attlist &=
   TTAF.Core.attrib.class,
   TTAF.Styled.attrib.class,
-  TTAF.Timed.attrib.class
+  TTAF.Timed.attrib.class,
+  attribute fill { TTAF.Fill.datatype }?,
+  attribute repeatCount { TTAF.RepeatCount.datatype }?
 
 TTAF.animation.set.content.extra = empty
 TTAF.animation.set.content =
--- a/ttml2/spec/rnc/ttml2-content.rnc	Thu Jul 31 15:46:24 2014 +0200
+++ b/ttml2/spec/rnc/ttml2-content.rnc	Thu Jul 31 15:46:54 2014 +0200
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 TTAF.body.attlist &=
   TTAF.Core.attrib.class,
   TTAF.Metadata.attrib.class,
+  TTAF.AnimationBinding.attrib.class,
   TTAF.RegionBinding.attrib.class,
   TTAF.Styled.attrib.class,
   TTAF.TimedContainer.attrib.class
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@
 TTAF.div.attlist &=
   TTAF.Core.attrib.class,
   TTAF.Metadata.attrib.class,
+  TTAF.AnimationBinding.attrib.class,
   TTAF.RegionBinding.attrib.class,
   TTAF.Styled.attrib.class,
   TTAF.TimedContainer.attrib.class
@@ -53,6 +55,7 @@
 TTAF.p.attlist &=
   TTAF.Core.attrib.class,
   TTAF.Metadata.attrib.class,
+  TTAF.AnimationBinding.attrib.class,
   TTAF.RegionBinding.attrib.class,
   TTAF.Styled.attrib.class,
   TTAF.TimedContainer.attrib.class
@@ -75,6 +78,7 @@
 TTAF.span.attlist &=
   TTAF.Core.attrib.class,
   TTAF.Metadata.attrib.class,
+  TTAF.AnimationBinding.attrib.class,
   TTAF.RegionBinding.attrib.class,
   TTAF.Styled.attrib.class,
   TTAF.TimedContainer.attrib.class
@@ -96,6 +100,7 @@
 TTAF.br.attlist &=
   TTAF.Core.attrib.class,
   TTAF.Metadata.attrib.class,
+  TTAF.AnimationBinding.attrib.class,
   TTAF.RegionBinding.attrib.class,
   TTAF.Styled.attrib.class,
   TTAF.TimedContainer.attrib.class
--- a/ttml2/spec/rnc/ttml2-datatypes.rnc	Thu Jul 31 15:46:24 2014 +0200
+++ b/ttml2/spec/rnc/ttml2-datatypes.rnc	Thu Jul 31 15:46:54 2014 +0200
@@ -2,14 +2,6 @@
 # TT-AF 1.0 DFXP Datatypes Module .......................................
 # .......................................................................
 
-TTAF.Accumulate.datatype =
-  "none" |
-  "sum"
-
-TTAF.Additive.datatype =
-  "replace" |
-  "sum"
-
 TTAF.Agent.datatype =
   xsd:IDREFS
 
@@ -213,9 +205,6 @@
 TTAF.RepeatCount.datatype =
   string
 
-TTAF.RepeatDur.datatype =
-  string
-
 TTAF.Restricts.datatype =
   TTAF.URI.datatype
 
--- a/ttml2/spec/rnc/ttml2-layout.rnc	Thu Jul 31 15:46:24 2014 +0200
+++ b/ttml2/spec/rnc/ttml2-layout.rnc	Thu Jul 31 15:46:54 2014 +0200
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 TTAF.layout.region.attlist &=
   TTAF.Core.attrib.class,
   TTAF.TimedContainer.attrib.class,
+  TTAF.AnimationBinding.attrib.class,
   TTAF.style.attrib,
   (TTAF.Styling.attrib.class |
    TTAF.Styling.ForeignExtension.attrib+ )
--- a/ttml2/spec/ttml2-changes.html	Thu Jul 31 15:46:24 2014 +0200
+++ b/ttml2/spec/ttml2-changes.html	Thu Jul 31 15:46:54 2014 +0200
@@ -42,12 +42,14 @@
   for a presentation processor, then use a presentation profile as a default
   not a transformation profile.
 
-* In 5.3.1, add new animation vocabulary, 'animation' and 'animate', to Table 3.
+* In 5.3.1, add new animation vocabulary, 'animation' and 'animate', to Table 5-3.
 
-* In 5.3.1, add new animation vocabulary, 'animate' to Animation.class in Table 4.
+* In 5.3.1, add new animation vocabulary, 'animate', to Animation.class in Table 5-4.
 
-* In 5.3.1, add new attribute vocabulary, 'tts:border' and 'tts:textOrientation'
-  to Table 5.
+* In 5.3.1, add new attribute vocabulary, 'tts:border' and 'tts:textOrientation',
+  to Table 5-5.
+
+* In 5.3.1, add new attribute vocabulary, 'animate', to Table 5-5.
 
 * In 6.1.1, add support for nesting profiles by changing content model of
   ttp:profile to permit either (1) a list of features/extensions or (2)
@@ -114,22 +116,32 @@
 * In 7.1.2, add new 'animation' container element as optional child of 'head'
   element.
 
+* In 7.1.3, add 'animate' attribute to 'body' element.
+
 * In 7.1.4, extend content model of 'div' to permit zero or one 'region' element
   child (in the Layout.class) prior to any content element.
 
 * In 7.1.4, specify semantics of using 'tts:extent' and/or 'tts:origin' with 'div'
   element to imply an anonymous inline region.
 
+* In 7.1.4, add 'animate' attribute to 'div' element.
+
 * In 7.1.5, extend content model of 'p' to permit zero or one 'region' element
   child (in the Layout.class) prior to any content element.
 
 * In 7.1.5, specify semantics of using 'tts:extent' and/or 'tts:origin' with 'p'
   element to imply an anonymous inline region.
 
+* In 7.1.5, add 'animate' attribute to 'p' element.
+
+* In 7.1.6, add 'animate' attribute to 'span' element.
+
 * In 7.1.7, add 'region' attribute to 'br' element.
 
 * In 7.1.7, add timing attributes to 'br' element.
 
+* In 7.1.7, add 'animate' attribute to 'br' element.
+
 * In 8.1.2, add Metadata.class children to 'style' element.
 
 * In 8.2, add 'tts:border' styling attribute.
@@ -178,27 +190,33 @@
 * In 8.4.4, add semantics for determining specified style set and computed
   style set for 'set' element.
 
+* In 9.1.2, require out-of-line region to specify 'xml:id' attribute.
+
 * In 9.3.1, qualify default region in terms of out-of-line region(s).
 
 * In 9.3.2, define inline region processing semantics.
 
 * In 10.2.3, specify that a duration (@dur) of zero is explicitly permitted.
 
-* In 11, add new sub-section (11.3) defining animation specific value
-  expressions.
+* In 11.1.1, add 'animation' element in order to support out-of-line animation
+  specifications.
 
-* In 11.1, add 'animate' element.
-
-* In 11.1, add 'animation' element in order to support out-of-line animation
-  specifications.
+* In 11.1.2, add 'animate' element.
 
 * In 11.1.3, add 'style' attribute to 'set' element.
 
 * In 11.1.3, permit multiple attributes from TT Style Namespace on 'set'
   element.
 
-* In 11.1.3, add use of 'xlink:href' attribute on 'set' element for use with
-  out-of-line animation specifications.
+* In 11.1.3, add 'fill' and 'repeatCount' attributes to 'set' element for
+  symmetry with 'animate'.
+
+* In 11.2.1, add definition 'animate' attribute in order to perform binding
+  between content elements and region element and associated animate and set
+  out-of-line animation elements.
+
+* In 11.3 (new), add new sub-section defining animation specific value
+  expressions.
 
 * In Appendix C, remove contents for mediate type registration, since
   registration has (will have) already occurred (by the time TTML2 goes to
@@ -238,6 +256,9 @@
 * In 2.2, refine definition of "out-of-line region" to better account for
   default region implication.
 
+* In 2.3, add text clarifying meaning of expression '{any attribute not in
+  default or any TT namespace}'.
+
 * In 2.3, add convention for deprecated syntactic features (using distinct
   background color).
 
--- a/ttml2/spec/ttml2.html	Thu Jul 31 15:46:24 2014 +0200
+++ b/ttml2/spec/ttml2.html	Thu Jul 31 15:46:54 2014 +0200
@@ -82,9 +82,9 @@
 .obsoleted { background-color: #f26d7d }
 .reqattr { font-weight: bold }
 .optattr { font-style: italic }
-</style><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-ED.css"></head><body>Last Modified: $Date: 2014/07/17 04:38:37 $<div id="revisions"></div><div class="head">
+</style><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-ED.css"></head><body>Last Modified: $Date: 2014/07/31 04:10:32 $<div id="revisions"></div><div class="head">
 <h1><a id="title"></a>Timed Text Markup Language 2 (TTML2)</h1>
-<h2><a id="w3c-doctype"></a>Editors' copy $Date: 2014/07/17 04:38:37 $ @@ @@@@ @@@@</h2><dl><dt>This version:</dt><dd>
+<h2><a id="w3c-doctype"></a>Editors' copy $Date: 2014/07/31 04:10:32 $ @@ @@@@ @@@@</h2><dl><dt>This version:</dt><dd>
 <a href="ttml2.html">ttml2.html</a>
 </dd><dt>Latest version:</dt><dd><a href="https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/ttml/raw-file/default/ttml2/spec/ttml2.html?content-type=text/html;charset=utf-8">https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/ttml/raw-file/default/ttml2/spec/ttml2.html?content-type=text/html;charset=utf-8</a></dd><dt>Previous version:</dt><dd>
 <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-ttaf1-dfxp-20101118/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/REC-ttaf1-dfxp-20101118/</a>
@@ -272,19 +272,17 @@
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.1.2 <a href="#animation-vocabulary-animate">animate</a><br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.1.3 <a href="#animation-vocabulary-set">set</a><br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.2 <a href="#animation-attribute-vocabulary">Animation Attribute Vocabulary</a><br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.2.1 <a href="#animation-attribute-animate">animate</a><br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3 <a href="#animation-value-expressions">Animation Value Expressions</a><br>
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.1 <a href="#animation-value-accumulate">&lt;accumulate&gt;</a><br>
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.2 <a href="#animation-value-additive">&lt;additive&gt;</a><br>
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.3 <a href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</a><br>
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.4 <a href="#animation-value-animationValueList">&lt;animationValueList&gt;</a><br>
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.5 <a href="#animation-value-calcMode">&lt;calcMode&gt;</a><br>
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.6 <a href="#animation-value-fill">&lt;fill&gt;</a><br>
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.7 <a href="#animation-value-fragmentIdentifier">&lt;fragmentIdentifier&gt;</a><br>
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.8 <a href="#animation-value-keySplines">&lt;keySplines&gt;</a><br>
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.9 <a href="#animation-value-keyTimes">&lt;keyTimes&gt;</a><br>
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.10 <a href="#animation-value-qualifiedName">&lt;qualifiedName&gt;</a><br>
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.11 <a href="#animation-value-repeatCount">&lt;repeatCount&gt;</a><br>
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.12 <a href="#animation-value-repeatDur">&lt;repeatDur&gt;</a><br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.1 <a href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</a><br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.2 <a href="#animation-value-animationValueList">&lt;animationValueList&gt;</a><br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.3 <a href="#animation-value-calcMode">&lt;calcMode&gt;</a><br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.4 <a href="#animation-value-fill">&lt;fill&gt;</a><br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.5 <a href="#animation-value-fragmentIdentifier">&lt;fragmentIdentifier&gt;</a><br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.6 <a href="#animation-value-keySplines">&lt;keySplines&gt;</a><br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.7 <a href="#animation-value-keyTimes">&lt;keyTimes&gt;</a><br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.8 <a href="#animation-value-qualifiedName">&lt;qualifiedName&gt;</a><br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;11.3.9 <a href="#animation-value-repeatCount">&lt;repeatCount&gt;</a><br>
 12 <a href="#metadata">Metadata</a><br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;12.1 <a href="#metadata-element-vocabulary">Metadata Element Vocabulary</a><br>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;12.1.1 <a href="#metadata-vocabulary-metadata">metadata</a><br>
@@ -437,11 +435,11 @@
 H <a href="#other-references">Other References</a> (Non-Normative)<br>
 I <a href="#requirements">Requirements</a> (Non-Normative)<br>
 J <a href="#derivation">Vocabulary Derivation</a> (Non-Normative)<br>
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;J.1 <a href="#d3e25234">Element Derivation</a><br>
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;J.2 <a href="#d3e25751">Attribute Derivation</a><br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;J.1 <a href="#d3e25238">Element Derivation</a><br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;J.2 <a href="#d3e25755">Attribute Derivation</a><br>
 K <a href="#qa">QA Framework Compliance</a> (Non-Normative)<br>
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;K.1 <a href="#d3e26744">Requirements</a><br>
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;K.2 <a href="#d3e26908">Guidelines</a><br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;K.1 <a href="#d3e26748">Requirements</a><br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;K.2 <a href="#d3e26912">Guidelines</a><br>
 L <a href="#streaming">Streaming TTML Content</a> (Non-Normative)<br>
 M <a href="#concrete-encoding">Concrete Encoding</a><br>
 N <a href="#time-expression-semantics">Time Expression Semantics</a><br>
@@ -702,11 +700,10 @@
 due the presence of a <a href="#style-attribute-extent"><code>tts:extent</code></a> or <a href="#style-attribute-origin"><code>tts:origin</code></a>
 style attribute on the <a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a>.</p></dd><dt class="label"><a id="terms-inline-animation"></a>[inline animation]</dt><dd><p>An <a href="#animation-vocabulary-animate"><code>animate</code></a> or <a href="#animation-vocabulary-set"><code>set</code></a> element
 that is defined inline as an immediate child of
-a <a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a> or <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element targetted by the animation.
+a <a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a> or <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element associated with the animation.
 There is a one-to-one relation between
-an inline animation element and its parent <a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a> or <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element.
-An inline animation does not specify an <code>xlink:href</code> attribute.</p></dd><dt class="label"><a id="terms-inline-region"></a>[inline region]</dt><dd><p>A <a href="#terms-region">region</a> that is defined in an inline manner with respect to some
-<a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a>  to be selected into (targetted to) the region.
+an inline animation element and its parent <a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a> or <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element.</p></dd><dt class="label"><a id="terms-inline-region"></a>[inline region]</dt><dd><p>A <a href="#terms-region">region</a> that is defined in an inline manner with respect to some
+<a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a>  to be selected into (targeted to) the region.
 An inline region is specified either explicitly by a <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element child of
 a <a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a> or implicitly by specifying a <a href="#style-attribute-extent">tts:extent</a>
 or <a href="#style-attribute-origin">tts:origin</a> style attribute on a <a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a>.
@@ -717,23 +714,23 @@
 as both a <a href="#terms-nested-profile">nested profile</a> and a <a href="#terms-nesting-profile">nesting profile</a>.</p></dd><dt class="label"><a id="terms-nesting-profile"></a>[nesting profile]</dt><dd><p>A <a href="#terms-profile">profile</a> defined by making reference to one or more child <code>ttp:profile</code> element(s), wherein a
 profile combination method determines how profile specifications from the multiple child <code>ttp:profile</code> element(s) are combined.</p></dd><dt class="label"><a id="terms-non-nesting-profile"></a>[non-nesting profile]</dt><dd><p>A <a href="#terms-profile">profile</a> defined without making reference to one or more child <code>ttp:profile</code> element(s); that is,
 by including only child <code>ttp:features</code> and <code>ttp:extensions</code> element(s).</p></dd><dt class="label"><a id="terms-out-of-line-animation"></a>[out-of-line animation]</dt><dd><p>An <a href="#animation-vocabulary-animate"><code>animate</code></a> or <a href="#animation-vocabulary-set"><code>set</code></a> element that is defined out-of-line from
-the <a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a> or <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element targetted by the animation.
+the <a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a> or <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element associated with the animation.
 An out-of-line animation appears as a child of an <a href="#animation-vocabulary-animation"><code>animation</code></a> element in the header
 (<a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-head"><code>head</code></a> element)
-of a <a href="#terms-document-instance">document instance</a>, and specifies an <code>xlink:href</code> attribute
-that associates it with the element to be animated. There is a one-to-one relation between
-an out-of-line animation element and a <a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a> or
-<a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element.</p></dd><dt class="label"><a id="terms-out-of-line-region"></a>[out-of-line region]</dt><dd><p>A <a href="#terms-region">region</a> that is defined in an out-of-line manner from
-the <a href="#terms-content-element">content element(s)</a> to be selected into (targetted to) the region. An out-of-line region is
-specified using a <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element
-child of a <a href="#layout-vocabulary-layout"><code>layout</code></a> element in the header
+of a <a href="#terms-document-instance">document instance</a>, and specifies an <a href="#content-attribute-id"><code>xml:id</code></a> attribute
+which value is referenced by an <a href="#animation-attribute-animate"><code>animate</code></a> attribute
+on the associated element to be animated. There is a one-to-many relation between
+a referenced out-of-line animation element and referencing <a href="#terms-content-element">content elements</a> and
+<a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> elements.</p></dd><dt class="label"><a id="terms-out-of-line-region"></a>[out-of-line region]</dt><dd><p>A <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element that is defined out-of-line from
+a <a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a> associated with (to be selected into) the region.
+An out-of-line region appears as a child of a <a href="#layout-vocabulary-layout"><code>layout</code></a> element in the header
 (<a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-head"><code>head</code></a> element)
-of a <a href="#terms-document-instance">document instance</a>, and specifies an <code>xml:id</code> attribute
-in order to allow <a href="#terms-content-element">content elements</a> to be associated with the region by means of a
-<code>region</code> attribute. A <a href="#terms-default-region">default out-of-line region</a> is implied if no
-<a href="#terms-out-of-line-region">out-of-line region</a> is specified explicitly.
-There is a one-to-many relationship between an out-of-line region
-and the <a href="#terms-content-element">content element(s)</a> to be selected into (targetted to) the region.</p></dd><dt class="label"><a id="terms-presentation-processor"></a>[presentation processor]</dt><dd><p>A <a href="#terms-content-processor">content processor</a> which purpose is to layout, format, and render,
+of a <a href="#terms-document-instance">document instance</a>, and specifies an <a href="#content-attribute-id"><code>xml:id</code></a> attribute
+which value is referenced by a <a href="#layout-attribute-region"><code>region</code></a> attribute
+on the associated element to be selected into the region. There is a one-to-many relation between
+a referenced out-of-line region element and referencing <a href="#terms-content-element">content elements</a>.
+A <a href="#terms-default-region">default out-of-line region</a> is implied if no
+<a href="#terms-out-of-line-region">out-of-line region</a> is specified explicitly.</p></dd><dt class="label"><a id="terms-presentation-processor"></a>[presentation processor]</dt><dd><p>A <a href="#terms-content-processor">content processor</a> which purpose is to layout, format, and render,
 i.e., to present, <a href="#terms-timed-text-markup-language">Timed Text Markup Language</a> content by applying the presentation semantics
 defined in this specification.</p></dd><dt class="label"><a id="terms-processor"></a>[processor]</dt><dd><p>See <a href="#terms-content-processor">content processor</a>.</p></dd><dt class="label"><a id="terms-processor-profile"></a>[processor profile]</dt><dd><p>A collection of <a href="#terms-feature">features</a> and <a href="#terms-extension">extensions</a> that must or may be implemented (supported) by
 a content processor.</p></dd><dt class="label"><a id="terms-profile"></a>[profile]</dt><dd><p>A <a href="#terms-content-profile">content profile</a> or <a href="#terms-processor-profile">processor profile</a>.</p></dd><dt class="label"><a id="terms-profile-definition-document"></a>[profile definition document]</dt><dd><p>A document that formally specifies a <a href="#terms-profile">profile</a>, where such document is a valid TTML document instance
@@ -804,7 +801,8 @@
 there is a default value, it is shown following a colon. Where an
 <a href="#terms-attribute-information-item">attribute information item</a> has a built-in simple type definition
 defined in <a href="#xsd-2">[XML Schema Part 2]</a>, a hyperlink to its definition
-therein is given.</p><p>An information item depicted with a <span class="deprecated">light yellow orange</span> background color is deprecated (e.g.,
+therein is given.</p><p>In an XML representation, the expression <em>{any attribute not in default or any TT namespace}</em> applies
+only to namespace qualified attributes; unqualified attributes are not permitted unless explicitly defined in this specification.</p><p>An information item depicted with a <span class="deprecated">light yellow orange</span> background color is deprecated (e.g.,
 the <span class="deprecated">tiny</span> value of the <code>size</code> attribute shown above).
 An information item that is <span class="deprecated">deprecated</span> may but should not appear in a TTML document instance,
 and a validating processor should report a warning if it does appear.
@@ -1266,13 +1264,17 @@
 </td></tr><tr><td>Parameters.class</td><td><a href="#parameter-vocabulary-profile">ttp:profile</a></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p>The attribute vocabulary specified for use with the core vocabulary
 catalog is enumerated in
 <a href="#attribute-vocab-table"><b>Table 5-5 – Attribute Vocabulary</b></a>.</p><a id="attribute-vocab-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table 5-5 – Attribute Vocabulary</caption><col width="25%" span="1"><col span="1"><tbody><tr><th>Module</th><th>Attributes</th></tr><tr><td>
+Animation Binding Attribute
+</td><td>
+<a href="#animation-attribute-animate">animate</a>
+</td></tr><tr><td>
 Core Attributes
 </td><td>
 <a href="#content-attribute-id">xml:id</a>,
 <a href="#content-attribute-lang">xml:lang</a>,
 <a href="#content-attribute-space">xml:space</a>
 </td></tr><tr><td>
-Layout
+Layout Binding Attribute
 </td><td>
 <a href="#layout-attribute-region">region</a>
 </td></tr><tr><td>
@@ -1306,7 +1308,7 @@
 <a href="#parameter-attribute-validationAction">ttp:validationAction</a>,
 <a href="#parameter-attribute-version">ttp:version</a>
 </td></tr><tr><td>
-Styling
+Style Binding Attribute
 </td><td>
 <a href="#style-attribute-style">style</a>
 </td></tr><tr><td>
@@ -2386,6 +2388,7 @@
 element group apply semantically to the <code>body</code> element.</p><a id="elt-syntax-body"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: body</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
 &lt;body
+  <a href="#animation-attribute-animate">animate</a> = IDREFS
   <a href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
   <a href="#timing-attribute-dur">dur</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
   <a href="#timing-attribute-end">end</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
@@ -2447,6 +2450,7 @@
 element group apply semantically to the <code>div</code> element.</p><a id="elt-syntax-div"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: div</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
 &lt;div
+  <a href="#animation-attribute-animate">animate</a> = IDREFS
   <a href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
   <a href="#timing-attribute-dur">dur</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
   <a href="#timing-attribute-end">end</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
@@ -2492,6 +2496,7 @@
 element group apply semantically to the <code>p</code> element.</p><a id="elt-syntax-p"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: p</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
 &lt;p
+  <a href="#animation-attribute-animate">animate</a> = IDREFS
   <a href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
   <a href="#timing-attribute-dur">dur</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
   <a href="#timing-attribute-end">end</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
@@ -2541,6 +2546,7 @@
 element group apply semantically to the <code>span</code> element.</p><a id="elt-syntax-span"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: span</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
 &lt;span
+  <a href="#animation-attribute-animate">animate</a> = IDREFS
   <a href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
   <a href="#timing-attribute-dur">dur</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
   <a href="#timing-attribute-end">end</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
@@ -2569,6 +2575,7 @@
 element group apply semantically to the <code>br</code> element.</p><a id="elt-syntax-br"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: br</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
 &lt;br
+  <a href="#animation-attribute-animate">animate</a> = IDREFS
   <a href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
   <a href="#timing-attribute-dur">dur</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
   <a href="#timing-attribute-end">end</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
@@ -2683,7 +2690,7 @@
 element must appear as a descendant of the <code>styling</code> element, and
 not in any other context.</p></div></div></div><div class="div2">
 <h3><a id="styling-attribute-vocabulary"></a>8.2 Styling Attribute Vocabulary</h3><p>This section defines the <a href="#style-attribute-style"><b>8.2.1 style</b></a> attribute used
-with both style definition elements as well as <a href="#terms-content-element">content elements</a>.</p><p>In addition, this section specifies the following attributes in the TT Style Namespace
+with certain animation elements, <a href="#terms-content-element">content elements</a>, certain layout elements, and style definition elements.</p><p>In addition, this section specifies the following attributes in the TT Style Namespace
 for use with style definition elements, certain layout elements, and <a href="#terms-content-element">content elements</a>
 that support inline style specifications:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-backgroundColor"><b>8.2.2 tts:backgroundColor</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-border"><b>8.2.3 tts:border</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-color"><b>8.2.4 tts:color</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-direction"><b>8.2.5 tts:direction</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-display"><b>8.2.6 tts:display</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-displayAlign"><b>8.2.7 tts:displayAlign</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-extent"><b>8.2.8 tts:extent</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-fontFamily"><b>8.2.9 tts:fontFamily</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-fontSize"><b>8.2.10 tts:fontSize</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-fontStyle"><b>8.2.11 tts:fontStyle</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-fontWeight"><b>8.2.12 tts:fontWeight</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-lineHeight"><b>8.2.13 tts:lineHeight</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-opacity"><b>8.2.14 tts:opacity</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-origin"><b>8.2.15 tts:origin</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-overflow"><b>8.2.16 tts:overflow</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-padding"><b>8.2.17 tts:padding</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-showBackground"><b>8.2.18 tts:showBackground</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-textAlign"><b>8.2.19 tts:textAlign</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-textDecoration"><b>8.2.20 tts:textDecoration</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-textOrientation"><b>8.2.21 tts:textOrientation</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-textOutline"><b>8.2.22 tts:textOutline</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-unicodeBidi"><b>8.2.23 tts:unicodeBidi</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-visibility"><b>8.2.24 tts:visibility</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-wrapOption"><b>8.2.25 tts:wrapOption</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-writingMode"><b>8.2.26 tts:writingMode</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#style-attribute-zIndex"><b>8.2.27 tts:zIndex</b></a></p></li></ul><table border="1" class="ednote" summary="Editorial note: Additional Border Styling Attributes"><tr class="ednote-r1"><td align="left" valign="top"><b>Editorial note: Additional Border Styling Attributes</b></td><td align="right" valign="top">2013-08-24</td></tr><tr class="ednote-r2"><td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Consider adding support for <code>tts:borderColor</code>, <code>tts:borderStyle</code>, and <code>tts:borderWidth</code>
 in order to provide a means to independently express styling of the four different borders (top, right, bottom, left). As currently specified, i.e., with only the
@@ -2706,7 +2713,7 @@
 content verification tools that detect and warn about such usage.</p></div><div class="div3">
 <h4><a id="style-attribute-style"></a>8.2.1 style</h4><p>The <code>style</code> attribute is used by referential style association
 to reference one or more <code>style</code> elements each of which define a style (property) set.</p><p>The <code>style</code> attribute may be specified by an instance of the following
-element types:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#animation-vocabulary-animate"><code>animate</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><code>body</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-div"><code>div</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-p"><code>p</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-vocabulary-set"><code>set</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-span"><code>span</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#styling-vocabulary-style"><code>style</code></a></p></li></ul><p>If specified, the value of a <code>style</code> attribute must
+element types:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#animation-vocabulary-animate"><code>animate</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><code>body</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-br"><code>br</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-div"><code>div</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-p"><code>p</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-vocabulary-set"><code>set</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-span"><code>span</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#styling-vocabulary-style"><code>style</code></a></p></li></ul><p>If specified, the value of a <code>style</code> attribute must
 adhere to the <code>IDREFS</code> data type defined by <a href="#xsd-2">[XML Schema Part 2]</a>,
 § 3.3.10, and, furthermore, each IDREF must reference a <code>style</code> element
 which has a <code>styling</code> element as an ancestor.</p><p>If the same IDREF, <em>ID<sub>1</sub></em>, appears more than one time in the value of a <code>style</code>
@@ -4622,6 +4629,7 @@
 style inheritance).</p><a id="elt-syntax-region"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: region</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
 &lt;region
+  <a href="#animation-attribute-animate">animate</a> = IDREFS
   <a href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
   <a href="#timing-attribute-dur">dur</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
   <a href="#timing-attribute-end">end</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
@@ -4636,8 +4644,9 @@
   <em>Content:</em> <a href="#element-vocab-group-table">Metadata.class</a>*, <a href="#element-vocab-group-table">Animation.class</a>*, <a href="#styling-vocabulary-style">style</a>*
 &lt;/region&gt;
 </pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p>An <a href="#terms-out-of-line-region">out-of-line region</a> may specify one or more of the timing attributes:
-<code>begin</code>, <code>end</code>, <code>dur</code>. An <a href="#terms-inline-region">inline region</a> must not
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p>An <a href="#terms-out-of-line-region">out-of-line</a> <code>region</code> element
+must specify an <a href="#content-attribute-id"><code>xml:id</code></a> attribute.</p><p>An <a href="#terms-out-of-line-region">out-of-line</a> <code>region</code> element may specify one or more of the timing attributes:
+<code>begin</code>, <code>end</code>, <code>dur</code>. An <a href="#terms-inline-region">inline</a> <code>region</code> element must not
 specifiy a timing attribute, and, if specified, must be ignored for the purpose
 of presentation processing.</p><p>If <code>begin</code> and (or) <code>end</code> attributes are specified on an out-of-line
 <code>region</code> element, then they specify the beginning and (or) ending points
@@ -4649,13 +4658,13 @@
 The nearest ancestor element of an out-of-line <code>region</code> element that is associated
 with a time interval is the <code>layout</code> element.
 If a <code>dur</code> attribute is specified on an out-of-line <code>region</code> element, then it
-specifies the simple duration of the region.</p><p>The active time interval of an inline <code>region</code> element is the
+specifies the simple duration of the region.</p><p>The active time interval of an <a href="#terms-inline-region">inline</a> <code>region</code> element is the
 active time interval of its parent <a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a>.</p><p>For the purpose of determining the semantics of presentation processing, a
 region that is temporally inactive must not produce any visible marks when
-presented on a visual medium.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>An out-of-line <code>region</code> element may be associated with a time interval for two
+presented on a visual medium.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>An <a href="#terms-out-of-line-region">out-of-line</a> <code>region</code> element may be associated with a time interval for two
 purposes: (1) in order to temporally bound the presentation of the region and
 its content, and (2) to provide a temporal context in which animations of region
-styles may be effected.</p><p>For example, an author may wish to specify an <a href="#terms-out-of-line-region">out-of-line region</a> that is otherwise empty, but
+styles may be effected.</p><p>For example, an author may wish to specify an <a href="#terms-out-of-line-region">out-of-line</a> <code>region</code> element that is otherwise empty, but
 may have a visible background color to be presented starting at some time and
 continuing over the region's duration.  The simple duration of the region serves
 additionally to scope the presentation effects of content that is targeted to the
@@ -5421,57 +5430,52 @@
 </td></tr></tbody></table><p>To the extent that time semantics apply to the content of the
 <code>animation</code> element, the implied time interval of this element is
 defined to be coterminous with the <a href="#terms-root-temporal-extent">root temporal extent</a>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a id="animation-vocabulary-animate"></a>11.1.2 animate</h4><p>The <code>animate</code> element expresses a series of changes (animations) to be applied to a targetted attribute
-of a targetted element.</p><p>An <code>animate</code> element may appear as either (1) a child of a
-<a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a> or <code>region</code> element, referred to as <a href="#terms-inline-animation">inline animation</a>, or
+<h4><a id="animation-vocabulary-animate"></a>11.1.2 animate</h4><p>The <code>animate</code> element expresses a series of changes (animations) to be applied (targeted) to one or more style property attributes of associated elements.</p><p>An <code>animate</code> element may appear as either (1) a child of a
+<a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a> or a <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element,
+referred to as <a href="#terms-inline-animation">inline animation</a>, or
 (2) a child of an <a href="#animation-vocabulary-animation">animation</a> element, referred to as
 <a href="#terms-out-of-line-animation">out-of-line animation</a>.
-In the former case, the targetted element of the animation is the parent of the <code>animate</code> element; in the latter
-case, the targetted element is the element referenced by the <code>xlink:href</code> attribute on the
-<code>animate</code> element.</p><p>The targetted attribute (property) is specified by the <code>attributeName</code> attribute.</p><p>The <code>animate</code> element accepts as its children zero or more
+In the former case, the parent of the <code>animate</code> element is the associated element; in the latter
+case, any element that references the <code>animate</code> element using an <code>animate</code> attribute is
+an associated element.</p><p>The <code>animate</code> element accepts as its children zero or more
 elements in the <code>Metadata.class</code> element group.</p><a id="elt-syntax-animate"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: animate</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
 &lt;animate
-  accumulate = <a href="#animation-value-accumulate">&lt;accumulate&gt;</a>
-  additive = <a href="#animation-value-additive">&lt;additive&gt;</a>
-  <span class="strong">attributeName</span> = <a href="#animation-value-qualifiedName">&lt;qualifiedName&gt;</a>
   <a href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
-  by = <a href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</a>
   calcMode = <a href="#animation-value-calcMode">&lt;calcMode&gt;</a>
   <a href="#timing-attribute-dur">dur</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
   <a href="#timing-attribute-end">end</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
   fill = <a href="#animation-value-fill">&lt;fill&gt;</a>
-  from = <a href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</a>
   keySplines = <a href="#animation-value-keySplines">&lt;keySplines&gt;</a>
   keyTimes = <a href="#animation-value-keyTimes">&lt;keyTimes&gt;</a>
   repeatCount = <a href="#animation-value-repeatCount">&lt;repeatCount&gt;</a>
-  repeatDur = <a href="#animation-value-repeatDur">&lt;repeatDur&gt;</a>
   <a href="#style-attribute-style">style</a> = IDREFS
-  to = <a href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</a>
-  values = <a href="#animation-value-animationValueList">&lt;animationValueList&gt;</a>
-  <a href="#content-attribute-id">xlink:href</a> = <a href="#animation-value-fragmentIdentifier">&lt;fragmentIdentifier&gt;</a>
   <a href="#content-attribute-id">xml:id</a> = ID
   <a href="#content-attribute-lang">xml:lang</a> = string
   <a href="#content-attribute-space">xml:space</a> = (<em>default</em>|<em>preserve</em>)
+  {<em>any attribute in TT Style namespace</em>}
   {<em>any attribute not in default or any TT namespace</em>}&gt;
   <em>Content:</em> <a href="#element-vocab-group-table">Metadata.class</a>*
 &lt;/animate&gt;
 </pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><table border="1" class="ednote" summary="Editorial note: Change xlink:href to href"><tr class="ednote-r1"><td align="left" valign="top"><b>Editorial note: Change xlink:href to href</b></td><td align="right" valign="top">2013-09-05</td></tr><tr class="ednote-r2"><td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">The SVG WG is deprecating xlink:href, in favor of using an unqualified href attribute. See
-<a href="http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/WG/wiki/Href">SVG Wiki: Href</a>. We should probably just specify the use of unqualified href.</td></tr></table><p></p><table border="1" class="ednote" summary="Editorial note: Extend style property expression syntax to support multi-valued expressions."><tr class="ednote-r1"><td align="left" valign="top"><b>Editorial note: Extend style property expression syntax to support multi-valued expressions.</b></td><td align="right" valign="top">2013-11-14</td></tr><tr class="ednote-r2"><td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">The <code>animate</code> element will require multi-valued style property expressions.</td></tr></table><p></p><table border="1" class="ednote" summary="Editorial note: Remove @accumulate"><tr class="ednote-r1"><td align="left" valign="top"><b>Editorial note: Remove @accumulate</b></td><td align="right" valign="top">2013-11-13</td></tr><tr class="ednote-r2"><td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">CSS Animation does not support SVG @accumulate functionality. Consequently, it should be removed from TTML2. It can be re-introduced in
-the feature when CSS adds support for accumulate semantics.</td></tr></table><p></p><table border="1" class="ednote" summary="Editorial note: Remove @additive"><tr class="ednote-r1"><td align="left" valign="top"><b>Editorial note: Remove @additive</b></td><td align="right" valign="top">2013-11-13</td></tr><tr class="ednote-r2"><td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">CSS Animation does not support SVG @additive functionality. Consequently, it should be removed from TTML2. It can be re-introduced in
-the feature when CSS adds support for additive semantics.</td></tr></table><p></p><table border="1" class="ednote" summary="Editorial note: Remove @attributeName"><tr class="ednote-r1"><td align="left" valign="top"><b>Editorial note: Remove @attributeName</b></td><td align="right" valign="top">2013-11-14</td></tr><tr class="ednote-r2"><td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Use only style value expression syntax introduced by TTML1.</td></tr></table><p></p><table border="1" class="ednote" summary="Editorial note: Remove @by, @from, @to, @values"><tr class="ednote-r1"><td align="left" valign="top"><b>Editorial note: Remove @by, @from, @to, @values</b></td><td align="right" valign="top">2013-11-14</td></tr><tr class="ednote-r2"><td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Use of @by, @from, @to, and @values can be expressed by multi-valued style property expression.</td></tr></table><p></p><table border="1" class="ednote" summary="Editorial note: Remove @repeatDur"><tr class="ednote-r1"><td align="left" valign="top"><b>Editorial note: Remove @repeatDur</b></td><td align="right" valign="top">2013-11-13</td></tr><tr class="ednote-r2"><td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">CSS Animation does not support a repeat duration parameter on an animation; however, it supports non-integer values of
-repeat count (via <code>animation-iteration-count</code>). Since the duration of a single animation iteration is known, it is
-straightforward to map @repeatDur to an appropriate non-integer repeat count.</td></tr></table><p>Except for the constraints or variations enumerated below, the semantics of the <code>animate</code> element and its attributes
-enumerated above are defined to be those specified by <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.12:</p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>For the purpose of interpreting an <code>attributeName</code> attribute, an <code>attributeType</code>
-with a value of <code>XML</code> applies, about which see <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.5.</p></li><li><p>If no <code>accumulate</code> attribute is specified, then an <em>accumulate</em> value of <code>none</code> applies.</p></li><li><p>If no <code>additive</code> attribute is specified, then an <em>additive</em> value of <code>replace</code> applies.</p></li><li><p>If no <code>calcMode</code> attribute is specified, then a <em>calcMode</em> value of <code>linear</code> applies.</p></li><li><p>If no <code>fill</code> attribute is specified, then a <em>fill</em> value of <code>remove</code> applies.</p></li><li><p>If an <code>xlink:href</code> attribute is specified, then the <code>animate</code> element must be a child of an
-<a href="#animation-vocabulary-animation">animation</a> element; conversely, if an <code>animate</code> element is a child of
-an <a href="#animation-vocabulary-animation">animation</a> element, then it must specify an <code>xlink:href</code> attribute.</p></li></ol><p>An example of using the <code>animate</code> element to animate content
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p>An <a href="#terms-out-of-line-animation">out-of-line</a> <code>animate</code> element
+must specify an <a href="#content-attribute-id"><code>xml:id</code></a> attribute.</p><p>Style property attributes targeted by an <code>animate</code> element are specified directly using
+attributes in the TT Style namespace or in a namespace that is not a TT namespace, where the list (sequence) of animation (key) values
+adhere to the <a href="#animation-value-animationValueList">&lt;animationValueList&gt;</a> syntax, and where each
+constituent <a href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</a> adheres to the syntax of the specified
+attribute.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In contrast with <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.12, a single <code>animate</code> element, as defined here, may be used to
+perform continuous animations on a set of targeted style property attributes instead of being limited to targeting a single style property attribute.
+In <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, this would require the use of multiple <code>animate</code> elements rather than a single <code>animate</code> element.</p><p>Furthermore, by using direct specification of animated style property and key values, it is not necessary to employ the <code>from</code>,
+<code>to</code>, <code>by</code>, or <code>values</code> animation value attributes defined by <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.9.</p></div><p>Except for the constraints or variations enumerated below, the semantics of the <code>animate</code> element and its attributes
+enumerated above are defined to be those specified by <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.12:</p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>The attributes targeted by an <code>animate</code> element and the key values to be applied to these attributes are
+specified by direct use of attributes in the TT Style namespace or a namespace that is not a TT namespace (as opposed to using
+SVG's <code>attributeName</code> and <code>from</code>,  <code>to</code>, <code>by</code>, or <code>values</code> attributes).</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>For example, specifying <code>tts:color="red;green;blue"</code> is
+considered equivalent to specifying <code>attributeName="tts:color"</code> and <code>values="red;green;blue"</code> in <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>.</p></div></li><li><p>If no <code>calcMode</code> attribute is specified, then a <em>calcMode</em> value of <code>linear</code> applies.</p></li><li><p>If no <code>fill</code> attribute is specified, then a <em>fill</em> value of <code>remove</code> applies.</p></li></ol><p>An example of using the <code>animate</code> element to animate content
 styling is illustrated below:</p><a id="animation-vocabulary-animate-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Content Style Animation</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
 ...
-&lt;p dur="5s" tts:color="yellow"&gt;
-<span class="strong">&lt;animate attributeName="tts:color" values="yellow,red,green,blue,yellow"/&gt;</span>
+&lt;p dur="5s"&gt;
+<span class="strong">&lt;animate tts:color="yellow;red;green;blue;yellow"/&gt;</span>
 Text with Continuously Varying Colors!
 &lt;/p&gt;
 ...
@@ -5488,9 +5492,9 @@
     &lt;head&gt;
       &lt;layout&gt;
 	&lt;region xml:id="r1" timeContainer="seq" tts:opacity="0"&gt;
-	  <span class="strong">&lt;animate dur="1s" attributeName="tts:opacity" to="1"/&gt;</span>
+	  <span class="strong">&lt;animate dur="1s" tts:opacity="0;1"/&gt;</span>
 	  &lt;set dur="5s" tts:opacity="1"/&gt;
-	  <span class="strong">&lt;animate dur="1s" attributeName="tts:opacity" to="0"/&gt;</span>
+	  <span class="strong">&lt;animate dur="1s" tts:opacity="1;0"/&gt;</span>
 	  &lt;style tts:extent="480px 60px"/&gt;
 	  &lt;style tts:origin="80px 400px"/&gt;
 	&lt;/region&gt;
@@ -5505,22 +5509,24 @@
 over a one second interval, where it remains.</p></div><p></p><table border="1" class="ednote" summary="Editorial note: Animate Example Images"><tr class="ednote-r1"><td align="left" valign="top"><b>Editorial note: Animate Example Images</b></td><td align="right" valign="top">2013-08-25</td></tr><tr class="ednote-r2"><td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Insert animated SVG images of animate examples.</td></tr></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The semantics of the <code>animate</code> element
 are based upon that defined by <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>,
 §19.2.12, which, in turn, is based upon <a href="#smil3">[SMIL 3.0]</a>, §12.</p></div></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a id="animation-vocabulary-set"></a>11.1.3 set</h4><p>The <code>set</code> element expresses one or more a discrete changes (animations) to be applied to targetted attributes
-of a targetted element.</p><p>A <code>set</code> element may appear as either (1) a child of a
-<a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a> or <code>region</code> element, referred to as <a href="#terms-inline-animation">inline animation</a>, or
+<h4><a id="animation-vocabulary-set"></a>11.1.3 set</h4><p>The <code>set</code> element expresses one or more a discrete changes (animations) to be applied (targeted) to style property attributes
+of associated elements.</p><p>A <code>set</code> element may appear as either (1) a child of a
+<a href="#terms-content-element">content element</a> or a <a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a> element,
+referred to as <a href="#terms-inline-animation">inline animation</a>, or
 (2) a child of an <a href="#animation-vocabulary-animation">animation</a> element, referred to as
 <a href="#terms-out-of-line-animation">out-of-line animation</a>.
-In the former case, the targetted element of the animation is the parent of the <code>set</code> element; in the latter
-case, the targetted element is the element referenced by the <code>xlink:href</code> attribute on the
-<code>set</code> element.</p><p>The targetted attributes of a <code>set</code> element are specified using attributes in the TT Style namespace.</p><p>The <code>set</code> element accepts as its children zero or more
+In the former case, the parent of the <code>set</code> element is the associated element; in the latter
+case, any element that references the <code>set</code> element using an <code>animate</code> attribute is
+an associated element.</p><p>The <code>set</code> element accepts as its children zero or more
 elements in the <code>Metadata.class</code> element group.</p><a id="elt-syntax-set"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>XML Representation – Element Information Item: set</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
 &lt;set
   <a href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
   <a href="#timing-attribute-dur">dur</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
   <a href="#timing-attribute-end">end</a> = <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
+  fill = <a href="#animation-value-fill">&lt;fill&gt;</a>
+  repeatCount = <a href="#animation-value-repeatCount">&lt;repeatCount&gt;</a>
   <a href="#style-attribute-style">style</a> = IDREFS
-  <a href="#content-attribute-id">xlink:href</a> = <a href="#animation-value-fragmentIdentifier">&lt;fragmentIdentifier&gt;</a>
   <a href="#content-attribute-id">xml:id</a> = ID
   <a href="#content-attribute-lang">xml:lang</a> = string
   <a href="#content-attribute-space">xml:space</a> = (<em>default</em>|<em>preserve</em>)
@@ -5529,16 +5535,19 @@
   <em>Content:</em> <a href="#element-vocab-group-table">Metadata.class</a>*
 &lt;/set&gt;
 </pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><table border="1" class="ednote" summary="Editorial note: Change xlink:href to href"><tr class="ednote-r1"><td align="left" valign="top"><b>Editorial note: Change xlink:href to href</b></td><td align="right" valign="top">2013-09-05</td></tr><tr class="ednote-r2"><td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">The SVG WG is deprecating xlink:href, in favor of using an unqualified href attribute. See
-<a href="http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/WG/wiki/Href">SVG Wiki: Href</a>. We should probably just specify the use of unqualified href.</td></tr></table><p>Except for the constraints or variations enumerated below, the semantics of the <code>set</code> element and its attributes
-enumerated above are defined to be those specified by <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.13:</p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>The attributes targetted by a <code>set</code> element and the discrete values to be applied to these attributes are
-specified by direct use of attributes in the TT Style namespace (as opposed to using
-<code>attributeName</code> and <code>to</code> attributes). For example, specifying <code>tts:color="red"</code> is to be
-considered equivalent to specifying <code>attributeName="tts:color"</code> and <code>to="red"</code> in <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>.</p></li><li><p>If an <code>xlink:href</code> attribute is specified, then the <code>set</code> element must be a child of an
-<a href="#animation-vocabulary-animation">animation</a> element; conversely, if a <code>set</code> element is a child of
-an <a href="#animation-vocabulary-animation">animation</a> element, then it must specify an <code>xlink:href</code> attribute.</p></li></ol><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In contrast with <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.13, a single <code>set</code> element, as defined here, may be used to
-perform discrete animations on a set of targetted attributes instead of being limited to targeting a single attribute.
-In <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, this would require the use of multiple <code>set</code> elements rather than a single <code>set</code> element.</p></div><p>An example of using the <code>set</code> element to animate content
+</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Style property attributes targeted by an <code>set</code> element are specified directly using
+attributes in the TT Style namespace or in a namespace that is not some TT namespace, where the single target animation (key) value
+adheres to the <a href="#animation-value-animationValueList">&lt;animationValueList&gt;</a> syntax, where each
+constituent <a href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</a> adheres to the syntax of the specified
+attribute, and where exactly one constituent <a href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</a> is specified.</p><p>If more than one constituent <a href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</a> is specified, then all
+constituents other than the first must be ignored for the purpose of presentation processing, and must be considered an error for the
+purpose of validation processing.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>In contrast with <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.13, a single <code>set</code> element, as defined here, may be used to
+perform discrete animations on a set of targeted style property attributes instead of being limited to targeting a single style property attribute.
+In <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, this would require the use of multiple <code>set</code> elements rather than a single <code>set</code> element.</p></div><p>Except for the constraints or variations enumerated below, the semantics of the <code>set</code> element and its attributes
+enumerated above are defined to be those specified by <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.13:</p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>The attributes targeted by a <code>set</code> element and the discrete values to be applied to these attributes are
+specified by direct use of attributes in the TT Style namespace or in a namespace that is not a TT namespace (as opposed to using SVG's
+<code>attributeName</code> and <code>to</code> attributes).</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>For example, specifying <code>tts:color="red"</code> is
+considered equivalent to specifying <code>attributeName="tts:color"</code> and <code>to="red"</code> in <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>.</p></div></li><li><p>If no <code>fill</code> attribute is specified, then a <em>fill</em> value of <code>remove</code> applies.</p></li></ol><p>An example of using the <code>set</code> element to animate content
 styling is illustrated below:</p><a id="animation-vocabulary-set-example-1"></a><table class="example"><caption>Example Fragment – Content Style Animation</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
 ...
@@ -5582,56 +5591,49 @@
 to avoid obscuring characters in an underlying video with captions.</p></div><p></p><table border="1" class="ednote" summary="Editorial note: Set Example Images"><tr class="ednote-r1"><td align="left" valign="top"><b>Editorial note: Set Example Images</b></td><td align="right" valign="top">2013-08-25</td></tr><tr class="ednote-r2"><td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Insert animated SVG images of set examples.</td></tr></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>The semantics of the <code>set</code> element
 are based upon that defined by <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>,
 §19.2.13, which, in turn, is based upon <a href="#smil3">[SMIL 3.0]</a>, §12.</p></div></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a id="animation-attribute-vocabulary"></a>11.2 Animation Attribute Vocabulary</h3><p>No animation related attribute vocabulary is defined for use in the
-core vocabulary catalog.</p></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a id="animation-value-expressions"></a>11.3 Animation Value Expressions</h3><p>Animation attribute values include the use of the following expressions:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#animation-value-accumulate"><b>11.3.1 &lt;accumulate&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-additive"><b>11.3.2 &lt;additive&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-animationValue"><b>11.3.3 &lt;animationValue&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-animationValueList"><b>11.3.4 &lt;animationValueList&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-calcMode"><b>11.3.5 &lt;calcMode&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-fill"><b>11.3.6 &lt;fill&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-fragmentIdentifier"><b>11.3.7 &lt;fragmentIdentifier&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-keySplines"><b>11.3.8 &lt;keySplines&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-keyTimes"><b>11.3.9 &lt;keyTimes&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-qualifiedName"><b>11.3.10 &lt;qualifiedName&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-repeatCount"><b>11.3.11 &lt;repeatCount&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-repeatDur"><b>11.3.12 &lt;repeatDur&gt;</b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
-<h4><a id="animation-value-accumulate"></a>11.3.1 &lt;accumulate&gt;</h4><p>An &lt;accumulate&gt; expression is used to control whether animation is cumulative or not.</p><a id="accumulate-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;accumulate&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
-<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
-&lt;accumulate&gt;
-  : "none"
-  | "sum"
-</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The semantics of an &lt;accumulate&gt; expression are those defined by
-<a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.10.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a id="animation-value-additive"></a>11.3.2 &lt;additive&gt;</h4><p>An &lt;additive&gt; expression is used to control whether animation is additive.</p><a id="additive-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;additive&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
-<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
-&lt;additive&gt;
-  : "replace"
-  | "sum"
-</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The semantics of an &lt;additive&gt; expression are those defined by
-<a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.10.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a id="animation-value-animationValue"></a>11.3.3 &lt;animationValue&gt;</h4><p>An &lt;animationValue&gt; expression is used to specify the starting (initial), intermediate,
-or ending (final) of the attribute targetted by the animation.</p><a id="animationValue-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;animationValue&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h3><a id="animation-attribute-vocabulary"></a>11.2 Animation Attribute Vocabulary</h3><p>This section defines the <a href="#animation-attribute-animate"><b>11.2.1 animate</b></a> attribute used with <a href="#terms-content-element">content elements</a>
+and certain layout elements.</p><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="animation-attribute-animate"></a>11.2.1 animate</h4><p>The <code>animate</code> attribute is used
+to reference one or more <a href="#animation-vocabulary-animate"><code>animate</code></a>
+or <a href="#animation-vocabulary-set"><code>set</code></a> elements
+each of which defines a specific <a href="#terms-out-of-line-animation">out-of-line animation</a>.</p><p>The <code>animate</code> attribute may be specified by an instance of the following
+element types:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><code>body</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-br"><code>br</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-div"><code>div</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-p"><code>p</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><code>region</code></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#content-vocabulary-span"><code>span</code></a></p></li></ul><p>If specified, the value of an <code>animate</code> attribute must
+adhere to the <code>IDREFS</code> data type defined by <a href="#xsd-2">[XML Schema Part 2]</a>,
+§ 3.3.10, and, furthermore, each IDREF must reference an <a href="#animation-vocabulary-animate"><code>animate</code></a>
+or <a href="#animation-vocabulary-set"><code>set</code></a> element
+which has a <a href="#animation-vocabulary-animation"><code>animation</code></a> element as an ancestor.</p><p>A given IDREF must not appear more than one time in the value of an <code>animate</code>
+attribute.</p><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><p>See the specific element type definitions that permit use of the
+<code>animate</code> attribute.</p></div></div></div><div class="div2">
+<h3><a id="animation-value-expressions"></a>11.3 Animation Value Expressions</h3><p>Animation attribute values include the use of the following expressions:</p><ul><li><p><a href="#animation-value-animationValue"><b>11.3.1 &lt;animationValue&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-animationValueList"><b>11.3.2 &lt;animationValueList&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-calcMode"><b>11.3.3 &lt;calcMode&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-fill"><b>11.3.4 &lt;fill&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-fragmentIdentifier"><b>11.3.5 &lt;fragmentIdentifier&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-keySplines"><b>11.3.6 &lt;keySplines&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-keyTimes"><b>11.3.7 &lt;keyTimes&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-qualifiedName"><b>11.3.8 &lt;qualifiedName&gt;</b></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#animation-value-repeatCount"><b>11.3.9 &lt;repeatCount&gt;</b></a></p></li></ul><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="animation-value-animationValue"></a>11.3.1 &lt;animationValue&gt;</h4><p>An &lt;animationValue&gt; expression is used to specify the starting (initial), intermediate,
+or ending (final) of the attribute targeted by the animation.</p><a id="animationValue-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;animationValue&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
 &lt;animationValue&gt;
   : string
 </pre></div>
 </td></tr></tbody></table><p>The syntax of an &lt;animationValue&gt; expression must satisfy all syntax
-requirements that apply to the attribute targetted by the animation.</p><p>The semantics of an &lt;animationValue&gt; expression are those defined by
+requirements that apply to the attribute targeted by the animation.</p><p>The semantics of an &lt;animationValue&gt; expression are those defined by
 <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.9.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a id="animation-value-animationValueList"></a>11.3.4 &lt;animationValueList&gt;</h4><p>An &lt;animationValueList&gt; expression is used to specify a list of animation values that sequentially
-apply to the attribute targetted by the animation, wherein each pair of values is separated by a SEMICOLON (U+003B) character
+<h4><a id="animation-value-animationValueList"></a>11.3.2 &lt;animationValueList&gt;</h4><p>An &lt;animationValueList&gt; expression is used to specify a list of animation values that sequentially
+apply to the attribute targeted by the animation, wherein each pair of values is separated by a SEMICOLON (U+003B) character
 optionally surrounded by linear white-space (LWSP) characters.</p><a id="animationValueList-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;animationValueList&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
 &lt;animationValueList&gt;
   : <a href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</a> [ ";" <a href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</a> ]*
 </pre></div>
 </td></tr></tbody></table><p>The syntax of an &lt;animationValue&gt; in an &lt;animationValueList&gt; expression must satisfy all syntax
-requirements that apply to the attribute targetted by the animation.</p><p>The semantics of an &lt;animationValueList&gt; expression are those defined by
+requirements that apply to the attribute targeted by the animation.</p><p>The semantics of an &lt;animationValueList&gt; expression are those defined by
 <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.9.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a id="animation-value-calcMode"></a>11.3.5 &lt;calcMode&gt;</h4><p>A &lt;calcMode&gt; expression is used to control the interpolation mode of the animation.</p><a id="calcMode-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;calcMode&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="animation-value-calcMode"></a>11.3.3 &lt;calcMode&gt;</h4><p>A &lt;calcMode&gt; expression is used to control the interpolation mode of the animation.</p><a id="calcMode-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;calcMode&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
 &lt;calcMode&gt;
   : "discrete"
   | "linear"
-  | "paced"
   | "spline"
 </pre></div>
 </td></tr></tbody></table><p>The semantics of a &lt;calcMode&gt; expression are those defined by
-<a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.9.</p><p></p><table border="1" class="ednote" summary="Editorial note: Consider removing support for paced."><tr class="ednote-r1"><td align="left" valign="top"><b>Editorial note: Consider removing support for paced.</b></td><td align="right" valign="top">2013-11-14</td></tr><tr class="ednote-r2"><td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">CSS Animations doesn't directly support paced values; however, it is possible to translate a paced timing function to a linear function
-with explicit @keyTimes.</td></tr></table></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a id="animation-value-fill"></a>11.3.6 &lt;fill&gt;</h4><p>A &lt;fill&gt; expression is used to determine effect of the animation after the active end of the animation.</p><a id="fill-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;fill&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.9.</p></div><div class="div3">
+<h4><a id="animation-value-fill"></a>11.3.4 &lt;fill&gt;</h4><p>A &lt;fill&gt; expression is used to determine effect of the animation after the active end of the animation.</p><a id="fill-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;fill&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
 &lt;fill&gt;
   : "freeze"
@@ -5639,7 +5641,7 @@
 </pre></div>
 </td></tr></tbody></table><p>The semantics of a &lt;fill&gt; expression are those defined by
 <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.8.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a id="animation-value-fragmentIdentifier"></a>11.3.7 &lt;fragmentIdentifier&gt;</h4><p>A &lt;fragmentIdentifier&gt; expression is used to target (refer to) an animation to a specific element in the same <a href="#terms-document-instance">document instance</a>.</p><a id="fragmentIdentifier-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;fragmentIdentifier&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="animation-value-fragmentIdentifier"></a>11.3.5 &lt;fragmentIdentifier&gt;</h4><p>A &lt;fragmentIdentifier&gt; expression is used to target (refer to) an animation to a specific element in the same <a href="#terms-document-instance">document instance</a>.</p><a id="fragmentIdentifier-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;fragmentIdentifier&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
 &lt;fragmentIdentifier&gt;
   : "#" fragment
@@ -5673,7 +5675,7 @@
 Section 4.1, and is a strict subset thereof, since at least one character must appear in
 the fragment component.</p><p>No linear white-space (LWSP) is permitted to appear within a fragment identifier.</p><p>A &lt;fragmentIdentifer&gt; expression must refer to an element in the same <a href="#terms-document-instance">document instance</a>,
 i.e., the fragment component must be a valid IDREF.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a id="animation-value-keySplines"></a>11.3.8 &lt;keySplines&gt;</h4><p>An &lt;keySplines&gt; expression is used to specify a list of Bezier control points that control the pacing of an
+<h4><a id="animation-value-keySplines"></a>11.3.6 &lt;keySplines&gt;</h4><p>An &lt;keySplines&gt; expression is used to specify a list of Bezier control points that control the pacing of an
 animation, wherein each pair of values is separated by a SEMICOLON (U+003B) character
 optionally surrounded by linear white-space (LWSP) characters.</p><a id="keySplines-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;keySplines&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
@@ -5702,7 +5704,7 @@
 </pre></div>
 </td></tr></tbody></table><p>The semantics of a &lt;keySplines&gt; expression are those defined by
 <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.9, as apply to the <code>keySplines</code> attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a id="animation-value-keyTimes"></a>11.3.9 &lt;keyTimes&gt;</h4><p>An &lt;keyTimes&gt; expression is used to specify a list of relative time values that control the pacing of an
+<h4><a id="animation-value-keyTimes"></a>11.3.7 &lt;keyTimes&gt;</h4><p>An &lt;keyTimes&gt; expression is used to specify a list of relative time values that control the pacing of an
 animation, wherein each pair of values is separated by a SEMICOLON (U+003B) character
 optionally surrounded by linear white-space (LWSP) characters.</p><a id="keyTimes-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;keyTimes&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
@@ -5722,7 +5724,7 @@
 </pre></div>
 </td></tr></tbody></table><p>The semantics of a &lt;keyTimes&gt; expression are those defined by
 <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.9, as apply to the <code>keyTimes</code> attribute.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a id="animation-value-qualifiedName"></a>11.3.10 &lt;qualifiedName&gt;</h4><p>A &lt;qualifiedName&gt; expression is used to specify the attribute targetted by the animation.</p><a id="qualifiedName-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;qualifiedName&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="animation-value-qualifiedName"></a>11.3.8 &lt;qualifiedName&gt;</h4><p>A &lt;qualifiedName&gt; expression is used to specify the attribute targeted by the animation.</p><a id="qualifiedName-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;qualifiedName&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
 &lt;qualifiedName&gt;
   : prefix ":" local
@@ -5739,7 +5741,7 @@
 except that the COLON (U+003A) character is excluded.</p><p>The semantics of a &lt;qualifiedName&gt; expression are those defined by
 <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.5, as applying to an <code>attributeName</code> attribute
 according to an implied <code>attributeType</code> of <code>XML</code>.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a id="animation-value-repeatCount"></a>11.3.11 &lt;repeatCount&gt;</h4><p>A &lt;repeatCount&gt; expression is used to determine the number of iterations of a repeated animation.</p><a id="repeatCount-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;repeatCount&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
+<h4><a id="animation-value-repeatCount"></a>11.3.9 &lt;repeatCount&gt;</h4><p>A &lt;repeatCount&gt; expression is used to determine the number of iterations of a repeated animation.</p><a id="repeatCount-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;repeatCount&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
 <div class="exampleInner"><pre>
 &lt;repeatCount&gt;
   : count
@@ -5749,14 +5751,6 @@
   : <a href="#style-value-digit">&lt;digit&gt;</a>+                       // <em>value</em> &gt; 0
 </pre></div>
 </td></tr></tbody></table><p>The semantics of a &lt;repeatCount&gt; expression are those defined by
-<a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.8.</p></div><div class="div3">
-<h4><a id="animation-value-repeatDur"></a>11.3.12 &lt;repeatDur&gt;</h4><p>A &lt;repeatDur&gt; expression is used to control the total duration for a repeated animation.</p><a id="repeatDur-syntax"></a><table class="syntax"><caption>Syntax Representation – &lt;repeatDur&gt;</caption><tbody><tr><td>
-<div class="exampleInner"><pre>
-&lt;repeatDur&gt;
-  : <a href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</a>
-  | "indefinite"
-</pre></div>
-</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The semantics of a &lt;repeatDur&gt; expression are those defined by
 <a href="#svg11">[SVG 1.1]</a>, §19.2.8.</p></div></div></div><div class="div1">
 <h2><a id="metadata"></a>12 Metadata</h2><p>This section specifies the <em>metadata</em> matter of the core
 vocabulary catalog, where
@@ -7653,7 +7647,7 @@
 <h2><a id="derivation"></a>J Vocabulary Derivation (Non-Normative)</h2><p>This appendix provides information about the derivation of TTML
 vocabulary, separately describing derivation of elements and
 attributes.</p><div class="div2">
-<h3><a id="d3e25234"></a>J.1 Element Derivation</h3><p>The first column of <a href="#element-vocab-derivation-table"><b>Table J-1 – Elements</b></a>
+<h3><a id="d3e25238"></a>J.1 Element Derivation</h3><p>The first column of <a href="#element-vocab-derivation-table"><b>Table J-1 – Elements</b></a>
 specifies a TTML element vocabulary item; the second column specifies the
 syntactic and/or semantic model on which the vocabulary item is based;
 the third column specifies the reference that defines
@@ -7709,8 +7703,8 @@
 but extended to support distinct specification of optionality.</p></li><li><p>Derived from the use of <code>@baseProfile</code>
 and <code>@version</code> on the <code>svg:svg</code> element.</p></li><li><p>Conceptually derived from existing <code>tt:layout</code> element,
 which is a generic container for layout specifications, but for use
-in defining animation specifications that apply to targetted elements.</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a id="d3e25751"></a>J.2 Attribute Derivation</h3><p>The first column of <a href="#attribute-vocab-derivation-table"><b>Table J-2 – Attributes</b></a>
+in defining animation specifications that apply to targeted elements.</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="div2">
+<h3><a id="d3e25755"></a>J.2 Attribute Derivation</h3><p>The first column of <a href="#attribute-vocab-derivation-table"><b>Table J-2 – Attributes</b></a>
 specifies a TTML attribute vocabulary item; the second column specifies the
 syntactic and/or semantic model on which the vocabulary item is based;
 the third column specifies the reference that defines
@@ -7802,9 +7796,9 @@
 <h2><a id="qa"></a>K QA Framework Compliance (Non-Normative)</h2><p>This appendix specifies the compliance of this specification with the
 requirements and guidelines defined by <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/">QA
 Framework Specifications Guidelines</a>&nbsp;<a href="#qaf-sg">[QAF SG]</a>.</p><div class="div2">
-<h3><a id="d3e26744"></a>K.1 Requirements</h3><a id="qa-framework-requirements-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table K-1 – QA Framework Requirements Checklist</caption><col width="76%" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Requirement</span></td><td><span class="strong">YES</span></td><td><span class="strong">NO</span></td><td><span class="strong">N/A</span></td><td><span class="strong">Notes</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#include-conformance-clause-principle">Requirement 01: Include a conformance
+<h3><a id="d3e26748"></a>K.1 Requirements</h3><a id="qa-framework-requirements-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table K-1 – QA Framework Requirements Checklist</caption><col width="76%" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Requirement</span></td><td><span class="strong">YES</span></td><td><span class="strong">NO</span></td><td><span class="strong">N/A</span></td><td><span class="strong">Notes</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#include-conformance-clause-principle">Requirement 01: Include a conformance
 clause</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#define-scope-principle">Requirement 02: Define the scope.</a></td><td><a href="#intro">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#implement-principle">Requirement 03: Identify who or what will implement the specification.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#ref-norm-principle">Requirement 04: Make a list of normative references.</a></td><td><a href="#references">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#define-terms-principle">Requirement 05: Define the terms used in the normative parts of the specification.</a></td><td><a href="#definitions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#conf-label-principle">Requirement 06: Create conformance labels for each part of the conformance model.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#consistent-style-principle">Requirement 07: Use a consistent style for conformance requirements and explain how to distinguish them.</a></td><td><a href="#conventions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#req-opt-conf-principle">Requirement 08: Indicate which conformance requirements are mandatory, which are recommended, and which are optional.</a></td><td><a href="#conventions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#subdivide-mandatory-principle">Requirement 09: If the technology is subdivided, then indicate which subdivisions are mandatory for conformance.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#subdiv-constraints-principle">Requirement 10: If the technology is subdivided, then address subdivision constraints.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#likehood-extension-principle">Requirement 11: Address Extensibility.</a></td><td><a href="#doctypes">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#deprecated-feature-principle">Requirement 12: Identify deprecated features.</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>N/A</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#degree-support-principle">Requirement 13: Define how each class of product handles each deprecated feature.</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>N/A</td><td>1</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>No feature is deprecated by this version of this specification.</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="div2">
-<h3><a id="d3e26908"></a>K.2 Guidelines</h3><a id="qa-framework-guidelines-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table K-2 – QA Framework Guidelines Checklist</caption><col width="76%" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Guideline</span></td><td><span class="strong">YES</span></td><td><span class="strong">NO</span></td><td><span class="strong">N/A</span></td><td><span class="strong">Notes</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#conformance-model-gp">Good Practice 01: Define the specification's conformance model in the conformance clause.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#norm-informative-gp">Good Practice 02: Specify in the conformance clause how to distinguish normative from informative content.</a></td><td><a href="#conventions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#conformance-claim-gp">Good Practice 03: Provide the wording for conformance claims.</a></td><td><a href="#claims">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#ics-gp">Good Practice 04: Provide an Implementation Conformance Statement Pro Forma.</a></td><td></td><td>NO</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#ics-claim-gp">Good Practice 05: Require an Implementation Conformance Statement as part of valid conformance claims.</a></td><td><a href="#claims">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#use-example-gp">Good Practice 06: Provide examples, use cases, and graphics.</a></td><td><a href="#example">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#write-sample-gp">Good Practice 07: Write sample code or tests.</a></td><td>YES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#ref-define-practice">Good Practice 08: When imposing requirements by normative references, address conformance dependencies.</a></td><td><a href="#references">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#define-terms-inline-gp">Good Practice 09: Define unfamiliar terms in-line and consolidate the definitions in a glossary section.</a></td><td><a href="#definitions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#reuse-terms-gp">Good Practice 10: Use terms already defined without changing their definition.</a></td><td><a href="#definitions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#formal-language-gp">Good Practice 11: Use formal languages when possible.</a></td><td><a href="#schemas">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#write-assertion-gp">Good Practice 12: Write Test Assertions.</a></td><td></td><td>NO</td><td></td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#subdivide-foster-gp">Good Practice 13: Create subdivisions of the technology when warranted.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#rules-profiles-gp">Good Practice 14: If the technology is profiled, define rules for creating new profiles.</a></td><td><a href="#vocabulary-profiles">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#need-option-gp">Good Practice 15:Use optional features as warranted.</a></td><td>YES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#label-options-gp">Good Practice 16: Clearly identify optional features.</a></td><td>YES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#constraints-gp">Good Practice 17: Indicate any limitations or constraints on optional features.</a></td><td>YES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#extensions-prohibited-gp">Good Practice 18: If extensibility is allowed, define an extension mechanism.</a></td><td><a href="#extension-vocabulary-overview">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#breaking-conformance-gp">Good Practice 19: Warn extension creators to create extensions that do not interfere with conformance.</a></td><td><a href="#extension-vocabulary-overview">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#define-error-gp">Good Practice 20: Define error-handling for unknown extensions.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance-processor">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#workaround-gp">Good Practice 21: Explain how to avoid using a deprecated feature.</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>N/A</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#obsolete-gp">Good Practice 22: Identify obsolete features.</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>N/A</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#error-handling-gp">Good Practice 23: Define an error handling mechanism.</a></td><td><a href="#reduced-infoset">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>When making normative references to external specifications,
+<h3><a id="d3e26912"></a>K.2 Guidelines</h3><a id="qa-framework-guidelines-table"></a><table class="common"><caption>Table K-2 – QA Framework Guidelines Checklist</caption><col width="76%" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><col width="6%" align="center" span="1"><tbody><tr><td><span class="strong">Guideline</span></td><td><span class="strong">YES</span></td><td><span class="strong">NO</span></td><td><span class="strong">N/A</span></td><td><span class="strong">Notes</span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#conformance-model-gp">Good Practice 01: Define the specification's conformance model in the conformance clause.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#norm-informative-gp">Good Practice 02: Specify in the conformance clause how to distinguish normative from informative content.</a></td><td><a href="#conventions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#conformance-claim-gp">Good Practice 03: Provide the wording for conformance claims.</a></td><td><a href="#claims">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#ics-gp">Good Practice 04: Provide an Implementation Conformance Statement Pro Forma.</a></td><td></td><td>NO</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#ics-claim-gp">Good Practice 05: Require an Implementation Conformance Statement as part of valid conformance claims.</a></td><td><a href="#claims">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#use-example-gp">Good Practice 06: Provide examples, use cases, and graphics.</a></td><td><a href="#example">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#write-sample-gp">Good Practice 07: Write sample code or tests.</a></td><td>YES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#ref-define-practice">Good Practice 08: When imposing requirements by normative references, address conformance dependencies.</a></td><td><a href="#references">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#define-terms-inline-gp">Good Practice 09: Define unfamiliar terms in-line and consolidate the definitions in a glossary section.</a></td><td><a href="#definitions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#reuse-terms-gp">Good Practice 10: Use terms already defined without changing their definition.</a></td><td><a href="#definitions">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>2</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#formal-language-gp">Good Practice 11: Use formal languages when possible.</a></td><td><a href="#schemas">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#write-assertion-gp">Good Practice 12: Write Test Assertions.</a></td><td></td><td>NO</td><td></td><td>3</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#subdivide-foster-gp">Good Practice 13: Create subdivisions of the technology when warranted.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#rules-profiles-gp">Good Practice 14: If the technology is profiled, define rules for creating new profiles.</a></td><td><a href="#vocabulary-profiles">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#need-option-gp">Good Practice 15:Use optional features as warranted.</a></td><td>YES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#label-options-gp">Good Practice 16: Clearly identify optional features.</a></td><td>YES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#constraints-gp">Good Practice 17: Indicate any limitations or constraints on optional features.</a></td><td>YES</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#extensions-prohibited-gp">Good Practice 18: If extensibility is allowed, define an extension mechanism.</a></td><td><a href="#extension-vocabulary-overview">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#breaking-conformance-gp">Good Practice 19: Warn extension creators to create extensions that do not interfere with conformance.</a></td><td><a href="#extension-vocabulary-overview">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#define-error-gp">Good Practice 20: Define error-handling for unknown extensions.</a></td><td><a href="#conformance-processor">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#workaround-gp">Good Practice 21: Explain how to avoid using a deprecated feature.</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>N/A</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#obsolete-gp">Good Practice 22: Identify obsolete features.</a></td><td></td><td></td><td>N/A</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-qaframe-spec-20050817/#error-handling-gp">Good Practice 23: Define an error handling mechanism.</a></td><td><a href="#reduced-infoset">YES</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="note"><p class="prefix"><b>Note:</b></p><ol class="enumar"><li><p>When making normative references to external specifications,
 specific clauses or sections are cited.</p></li><li><p>See also <a href="#derivation"><b>J Vocabulary Derivation</b></a>.</p></li><li><p>Test assertions and test suites will be provided prior to entering
 Proposed Recommendation (PR) phase.</p></li><li><p>See criterion #3 in <a href="#conformance-processor"><b>3.2 Processor Conformance</b></a> and definition of
 TTML <a href="#doctypes">Abstract Document Instance</a>.</p></li><li><p>No feature is deprecated or obsoleted by this version of this specification.</p></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="div1">
--- a/ttml2/spec/ttml2.xml	Thu Jul 31 15:46:24 2014 +0200
+++ b/ttml2/spec/ttml2.xml	Thu Jul 31 15:46:54 2014 +0200
@@ -752,17 +752,16 @@
 <def>
 <p>An <loc href="#animation-vocabulary-animate"><el>animate</el></loc> or <loc href="#animation-vocabulary-set"><el>set</el></loc> element
 that is defined inline as an immediate child of
-a <loc href="#terms-content-element">content element</loc> or <loc href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc> element targetted by the animation.
+a <loc href="#terms-content-element">content element</loc> or <loc href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc> element associated with the animation.
 There is a one-to-one relation between
-an inline animation element and its parent <loc href="#terms-content-element">content element</loc> or <loc href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc> element.
-An inline animation does not specify an <att>xlink:href</att> attribute.</p>
+an inline animation element and its parent <loc href="#terms-content-element">content element</loc> or <loc href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc> element.</p>
 </def>
 </gitem>
 <gitem id="terms-inline-region">
 <label>[inline region]</label>
 <def>
 <p>A <loc href="#terms-region">region</loc> that is defined in an inline manner with respect to some
-<loc href="#terms-content-element">content element</loc>  to be selected into (targetted to) the region.
+<loc href="#terms-content-element">content element</loc>  to be selected into (targeted to) the region.
 An inline region is specified either explicitly by a <loc href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc> element child of
 a <loc href="#terms-content-element">content element</loc> or implicitly by specifying a <loc href="#style-attribute-extent">tts:extent</loc>
 or <loc href="#style-attribute-origin">tts:origin</loc> style attribute on a <loc href="#terms-content-element">content element</loc>.
@@ -797,29 +796,29 @@
 <label>[out-of-line animation]</label>
 <def>
 <p>An <loc href="#animation-vocabulary-animate"><el>animate</el></loc> or <loc href="#animation-vocabulary-set"><el>set</el></loc> element that is defined out-of-line from
-the <loc href="#terms-content-element">content element</loc> or <loc href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc> element targetted by the animation.
+the <loc href="#terms-content-element">content element</loc> or <loc href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc> element associated with the animation.
 An out-of-line animation appears as a child of an <loc href="#animation-vocabulary-animation"><el>animation</el></loc> element in the header
 (<loc href="#document-structure-vocabulary-head"><el>head</el></loc> element)
-of a <loc href="#terms-document-instance">document instance</loc>, and specifies an <att>xlink:href</att> attribute
-that associates it with the element to be animated. There is a one-to-one relation between
-an out-of-line animation element and a <loc href="#terms-content-element">content element</loc> or
-<loc href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc> element.</p>
+of a <loc href="#terms-document-instance">document instance</loc>, and specifies an <loc href="#content-attribute-id"><att>xml:id</att></loc> attribute
+which value is referenced by an <loc href="#animation-attribute-animate"><att>animate</att></loc> attribute
+on the associated element to be animated. There is a one-to-many relation between
+a referenced out-of-line animation element and referencing <loc href="#terms-content-element">content elements</loc> and
+<loc href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc> elements.</p>
 </def>
 </gitem>
 <gitem id="terms-out-of-line-region">
 <label>[out-of-line region]</label>
 <def>
-<p>A <loc href="#terms-region">region</loc> that is defined in an out-of-line manner from
-the <loc href="#terms-content-element">content element(s)</loc> to be selected into (targetted to) the region. An out-of-line region is
-specified using a <loc href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc> element
-child of a <loc href="#layout-vocabulary-layout"><el>layout</el></loc> element in the header
+<p>A <loc href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc> element that is defined out-of-line from
+a <loc href="#terms-content-element">content element</loc> associated with (to be selected into) the region.
+An out-of-line region appears as a child of a <loc href="#layout-vocabulary-layout"><el>layout</el></loc> element in the header
 (<loc href="#document-structure-vocabulary-head"><el>head</el></loc> element)
-of a <loc href="#terms-document-instance">document instance</loc>, and specifies an <att>xml:id</att> attribute
-in order to allow <loc href="#terms-content-element">content elements</loc> to be associated with the region by means of a
-<att>region</att> attribute. A <loc href="#terms-default-region">default out-of-line region</loc> is implied if no
-<loc href="#terms-out-of-line-region">out-of-line region</loc> is specified explicitly.
-There is a one-to-many relationship between an out-of-line region
-and the <loc href="#terms-content-element">content element(s)</loc> to be selected into (targetted to) the region.</p>
+of a <loc href="#terms-document-instance">document instance</loc>, and specifies an <loc href="#content-attribute-id"><att>xml:id</att></loc> attribute
+which value is referenced by a <loc href="#layout-attribute-region"><att>region</att></loc> attribute
+on the associated element to be selected into the region. There is a one-to-many relation between
+a referenced out-of-line region element and referencing <loc href="#terms-content-element">content elements</loc>.
+A <loc href="#terms-default-region">default out-of-line region</loc> is implied if no
+<loc href="#terms-out-of-line-region">out-of-line region</loc> is specified explicitly.</p>
 </def>
 </gitem>
 <gitem id="terms-presentation-processor">
@@ -1077,6 +1076,8 @@
 <loc href="#terms-attribute-information-item">attribute information item</loc> has a built-in simple type definition
 defined in <bibref ref="xsd-2"/>, a hyperlink to its definition
 therein is given.</p>
+<p>In an XML representation, the expression <emph>{any attribute not in default or any TT namespace}</emph> applies
+only to namespace qualified attributes; unqualified attributes are not permitted unless explicitly defined in this specification.</p>
 <p>An information item depicted with a <phrase role="deprecated">light yellow orange</phrase> background color is deprecated (e.g.,
 the <phrase role="deprecated">tiny</phrase> value of the <code>size</code> attribute shown above).
 An information item that is <phrase role="deprecated">deprecated</phrase> may but should not appear in a TTML document instance,
@@ -2329,6 +2330,14 @@
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>
+Animation Binding Attribute
+</td>
+<td>
+<loc href="#animation-attribute-animate">animate</loc>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td>
 Core Attributes
 </td>
 <td>
@@ -2339,7 +2348,7 @@
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>
-Layout
+Layout Binding Attribute
 </td>
 <td>
 <loc href="#layout-attribute-region">region</loc>
@@ -2385,7 +2394,7 @@
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>
-Styling
+Style Binding Attribute
 </td>
 <td>
 <loc href="#style-attribute-style">style</loc>
@@ -4403,6 +4412,7 @@
 <td>
 <eg xml:space="preserve">
 &lt;body
+  <loc href="#animation-attribute-animate">animate</loc> = IDREFS
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-dur">dur</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-end">end</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
@@ -4496,6 +4506,7 @@
 <td>
 <eg xml:space="preserve">
 &lt;div
+  <loc href="#animation-attribute-animate">animate</loc> = IDREFS
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-dur">dur</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-end">end</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
@@ -4565,6 +4576,7 @@
 <td>
 <eg xml:space="preserve">
 &lt;p
+  <loc href="#animation-attribute-animate">animate</loc> = IDREFS
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-dur">dur</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-end">end</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
@@ -4642,6 +4654,7 @@
 <td>
 <eg xml:space="preserve">
 &lt;span
+  <loc href="#animation-attribute-animate">animate</loc> = IDREFS
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-dur">dur</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-end">end</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
@@ -4691,6 +4704,7 @@
 <td>
 <eg xml:space="preserve">
 &lt;br
+  <loc href="#animation-attribute-animate">animate</loc> = IDREFS
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-dur">dur</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-end">end</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
@@ -4921,7 +4935,7 @@
 <div2 id="styling-attribute-vocabulary">
 <head>Styling Attribute Vocabulary</head>
 <p>This section defines the <specref ref="style-attribute-style"/> attribute used
-with both style definition elements as well as <loc href="#terms-content-element">content elements</loc>.</p>
+with certain animation elements, <loc href="#terms-content-element">content elements</loc>, certain layout elements, and style definition elements.</p>
 <p>In addition, this section specifies the following attributes in the TT Style Namespace
 for use with style definition elements, certain layout elements, and <loc href="#terms-content-element">content elements</loc>
 that support inline style specifications:</p>
@@ -4995,6 +5009,7 @@
 <ulist>
 <item><p><loc href="#animation-vocabulary-animate"><el>animate</el></loc></p></item>
 <item><p><loc href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><el>body</el></loc></p></item>
+<item><p><loc href="#content-vocabulary-br"><el>br</el></loc></p></item>
 <item><p><loc href="#content-vocabulary-div"><el>div</el></loc></p></item>
 <item><p><loc href="#content-vocabulary-p"><el>p</el></loc></p></item>
 <item><p><loc href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc></p></item>
@@ -9079,6 +9094,7 @@
 <td>
 <eg xml:space="preserve">
 &lt;region
+  <loc href="#animation-attribute-animate">animate</loc> = IDREFS
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-dur">dur</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-end">end</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
@@ -9097,8 +9113,10 @@
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>
-<p>An <loc href="#terms-out-of-line-region">out-of-line region</loc> may specify one or more of the timing attributes:
-<att>begin</att>, <att>end</att>, <att>dur</att>. An <loc href="#terms-inline-region">inline region</loc> must not
+<p>An <loc href="#terms-out-of-line-region">out-of-line</loc> <el>region</el> element
+must specify an <loc href="#content-attribute-id"><att>xml:id</att></loc> attribute.</p>
+<p>An <loc href="#terms-out-of-line-region">out-of-line</loc> <el>region</el> element may specify one or more of the timing attributes:
+<att>begin</att>, <att>end</att>, <att>dur</att>. An <loc href="#terms-inline-region">inline</loc> <el>region</el> element must not
 specifiy a timing attribute, and, if specified, must be ignored for the purpose
 of presentation processing.</p>
 <p>If <att>begin</att> and (or) <att>end</att> attributes are specified on an out-of-line
@@ -9112,17 +9130,17 @@
 with a time interval is the <el>layout</el> element.
 If a <att>dur</att> attribute is specified on an out-of-line <el>region</el> element, then it
 specifies the simple duration of the region.</p>
-<p>The active time interval of an inline <el>region</el> element is the
+<p>The active time interval of an <loc href="#terms-inline-region">inline</loc> <el>region</el> element is the
 active time interval of its parent <loc href="#terms-content-element">content element</loc>.</p>
 <p>For the purpose of determining the semantics of presentation processing, a
 region that is temporally inactive must not produce any visible marks when
 presented on a visual medium.</p>
 <note role="motivation">
-<p>An out-of-line <el>region</el> element may be associated with a time interval for two
+<p>An <loc href="#terms-out-of-line-region">out-of-line</loc> <el>region</el> element may be associated with a time interval for two
 purposes: (1) in order to temporally bound the presentation of the region and
 its content, and (2) to provide a temporal context in which animations of region
 styles may be effected.</p>
-<p>For example, an author may wish to specify an <loc href="#terms-out-of-line-region">out-of-line region</loc> that is otherwise empty, but
+<p>For example, an author may wish to specify an <loc href="#terms-out-of-line-region">out-of-line</loc> <el>region</el> element that is otherwise empty, but
 may have a visible background color to be presented starting at some time and
 continuing over the region's duration.  The simple duration of the region serves
 additionally to scope the presentation effects of content that is targeted to the
@@ -10228,16 +10246,15 @@
 </div3>
 <div3 id="animation-vocabulary-animate">
 <head>animate</head>
-<p>The <el>animate</el> element expresses a series of changes (animations) to be applied to a targetted attribute
-of a targetted element.</p>
+<p>The <el>animate</el> element expresses a series of changes (animations) to be applied (targeted) to one or more style property attributes of associated elements.</p>
 <p>An <el>animate</el> element may appear as either (1) a child of a
-<loc href="#terms-content-element">content element</loc> or <el>region</el> element, referred to as <loc href="#terms-inline-animation">inline animation</loc>, or
+<loc href="#terms-content-element">content element</loc> or a <loc href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc> element,
+referred to as <loc href="#terms-inline-animation">inline animation</loc>, or
 (2) a child of an <loc href="#animation-vocabulary-animation">animation</loc> element, referred to as
 <loc href="#terms-out-of-line-animation">out-of-line animation</loc>.
-In the former case, the targetted element of the animation is the parent of the <el>animate</el> element; in the latter
-case, the targetted element is the element referenced by the <att>xlink:href</att> attribute on the
-<el>animate</el> element.</p>
-<p>The targetted attribute (property) is specified by the <att>attributeName</att> attribute.</p>
+In the former case, the parent of the <el>animate</el> element is the associated element; in the latter
+case, any element that references the <el>animate</el> element using an <att>animate</att> attribute is
+an associated element.</p>
 <p>The <el>animate</el> element accepts as its children zero or more
 elements in the <code>Metadata.class</code> element group.</p>
 <table id="elt-syntax-animate" role="syntax">
@@ -10247,27 +10264,19 @@
 <td>
 <eg xml:space="preserve">
 &lt;animate
-  accumulate = <loc href="#animation-value-accumulate">&lt;accumulate&gt;</loc>
-  additive = <loc href="#animation-value-additive">&lt;additive&gt;</loc>
-  <phrase role="strong">attributeName</phrase> = <loc href="#animation-value-qualifiedName">&lt;qualifiedName&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
-  by = <loc href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</loc>
   calcMode = <loc href="#animation-value-calcMode">&lt;calcMode&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-dur">dur</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-end">end</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
   fill = <loc href="#animation-value-fill">&lt;fill&gt;</loc>
-  from = <loc href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</loc>
   keySplines = <loc href="#animation-value-keySplines">&lt;keySplines&gt;</loc>
   keyTimes = <loc href="#animation-value-keyTimes">&lt;keyTimes&gt;</loc>
   repeatCount = <loc href="#animation-value-repeatCount">&lt;repeatCount&gt;</loc>
-  repeatDur = <loc href="#animation-value-repeatDur">&lt;repeatDur&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#style-attribute-style">style</loc> = IDREFS
-  to = <loc href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</loc>
-  values = <loc href="#animation-value-animationValueList">&lt;animationValueList&gt;</loc>
-  <loc href="#content-attribute-id">xlink:href</loc> = <loc href="#animation-value-fragmentIdentifier">&lt;fragmentIdentifier&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#content-attribute-id">xml:id</loc> = ID
   <loc href="#content-attribute-lang">xml:lang</loc> = string
   <loc href="#content-attribute-space">xml:space</loc> = (<emph>default</emph>|<emph>preserve</emph>)
+  {<emph>any attribute in TT Style namespace</emph>}
   {<emph>any attribute not in default or any TT namespace</emph>}&gt;
   <emph>Content:</emph> <loc href="#element-vocab-group-table">Metadata.class</loc>*
 &lt;/animate&gt;
@@ -10276,65 +10285,33 @@
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>
-<p></p>
-<ednote>
-<name>Change xlink:href to href</name>
-<date>2013-09-05</date>
-<edtext>The SVG WG is deprecating xlink:href, in favor of using an unqualified href attribute. See
-<loc href="http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/WG/wiki/Href">SVG Wiki: Href</loc>. We should probably just specify the use of unqualified href.</edtext>
-</ednote>
-<p></p>
-<ednote>
-<name>Extend style property expression syntax to support multi-valued expressions.</name>
-<date>2013-11-14</date>
-<edtext>The <code>animate</code> element will require multi-valued style property expressions.</edtext>
-</ednote>
-<p></p>
-<ednote>
-<name>Remove @accumulate</name>
-<date>2013-11-13</date>
-<edtext>CSS Animation does not support SVG @accumulate functionality. Consequently, it should be removed from TTML2. It can be re-introduced in
-the feature when CSS adds support for accumulate semantics.</edtext>
-</ednote>
-<p></p>
-<ednote>
-<name>Remove @additive</name>
-<date>2013-11-13</date>
-<edtext>CSS Animation does not support SVG @additive functionality. Consequently, it should be removed from TTML2. It can be re-introduced in
-the feature when CSS adds support for additive semantics.</edtext>
-</ednote>
-<p></p>
-<ednote>
-<name>Remove @attributeName</name>
-<date>2013-11-14</date>
-<edtext>Use only style value expression syntax introduced by TTML1.</edtext>
-</ednote>
-<p></p>
-<ednote>
-<name>Remove @by, @from, @to, @values</name>
-<date>2013-11-14</date>
-<edtext>Use of @by, @from, @to, and @values can be expressed by multi-valued style property expression.</edtext>
-</ednote>
-<p></p>
-<ednote>
-<name>Remove @repeatDur</name>
-<date>2013-11-13</date>
-<edtext>CSS Animation does not support a repeat duration parameter on an animation; however, it supports non-integer values of
-repeat count (via <code>animation-iteration-count</code>). Since the duration of a single animation iteration is known, it is
-straightforward to map @repeatDur to an appropriate non-integer repeat count.</edtext>
-</ednote>
+<p>An <loc href="#terms-out-of-line-animation">out-of-line</loc> <el>animate</el> element
+must specify an <loc href="#content-attribute-id"><att>xml:id</att></loc> attribute.</p>
+<p>Style property attributes targeted by an <el>animate</el> element are specified directly using
+attributes in the TT Style namespace or in a namespace that is not a TT namespace, where the list (sequence) of animation (key) values
+adhere to the <loc href="#animation-value-animationValueList">&lt;animationValueList&gt;</loc> syntax, and where each
+constituent <loc href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</loc> adheres to the syntax of the specified
+attribute.</p>
+<note role="elaboration">
+<p>In contrast with <bibref ref="svg11"/>, &sect;19.2.12, a single <el>animate</el> element, as defined here, may be used to
+perform continuous animations on a set of targeted style property attributes instead of being limited to targeting a single style property attribute.
+In <bibref ref="svg11"/>, this would require the use of multiple <el>animate</el> elements rather than a single <el>animate</el> element.</p>
+<p>Furthermore, by using direct specification of animated style property and key values, it is not necessary to employ the <att>from</att>,
+<att>to</att>, <att>by</att>, or <att>values</att> animation value attributes defined by <bibref ref="svg11"/>, &sect;19.2.9.</p>
+</note>
 <p>Except for the constraints or variations enumerated below, the semantics of the <el>animate</el> element and its attributes
 enumerated above are defined to be those specified by <bibref ref="svg11"/>, &sect;19.2.12:</p>
 <olist>
-<item><p>For the purpose of interpreting an <att>attributeName</att> attribute, an <att>attributeType</att>
-with a value of <code>XML</code> applies, about which see <bibref ref="svg11"/>, &sect;19.2.5.</p></item>
-<item><p>If no <att>accumulate</att> attribute is specified, then an <emph>accumulate</emph> value of <code>none</code> applies.</p></item>
-<item><p>If no <att>additive</att> attribute is specified, then an <emph>additive</emph> value of <code>replace</code> applies.</p></item>
+<item><p>The attributes targeted by an <el>animate</el> element and the key values to be applied to these attributes are
+specified by direct use of attributes in the TT Style namespace or a namespace that is not a TT namespace (as opposed to using
+SVG's <att>attributeName</att> and <att>from</att>,  <att>to</att>, <att>by</att>, or <att>values</att> attributes).</p>
+<note role="example">
+<p>For example, specifying <code>tts:color="red;green;blue"</code> is
+considered equivalent to specifying <code>attributeName="tts:color"</code> and <code>values="red;green;blue"</code> in <bibref ref="svg11"/>.</p>
+</note>
+</item>
 <item><p>If no <att>calcMode</att> attribute is specified, then a <emph>calcMode</emph> value of <code>linear</code> applies.</p></item>
 <item><p>If no <att>fill</att> attribute is specified, then a <emph>fill</emph> value of <code>remove</code> applies.</p></item>
-<item><p>If an <att>xlink:href</att> attribute is specified, then the <el>animate</el> element must be a child of an
-<loc href="#animation-vocabulary-animation">animation</loc> element; conversely, if an <el>animate</el> element is a child of
-an <loc href="#animation-vocabulary-animation">animation</loc> element, then it must specify an <att>xlink:href</att> attribute.</p></item>
 </olist>
 <p>An example of using the <el>animate</el> element to animate content
 styling is illustrated below:</p>
@@ -10345,8 +10322,8 @@
 <td>
 <eg xml:space="preserve">
 ...
-&lt;p dur="5s" tts:color="yellow"&gt;
-<phrase role="strong">&lt;animate attributeName="tts:color" values="yellow,red,green,blue,yellow"/&gt;</phrase>
+&lt;p dur="5s"&gt;
+<phrase role="strong">&lt;animate tts:color="yellow;red;green;blue;yellow"/&gt;</phrase>
 Text with Continuously Varying Colors!
 &lt;/p&gt;
 ...
@@ -10376,9 +10353,9 @@
     &lt;head&gt;
       &lt;layout&gt;
 	&lt;region xml:id="r1" timeContainer="seq" tts:opacity="0"&gt;
-	  <phrase role="strong">&lt;animate dur="1s" attributeName="tts:opacity" to="1"/&gt;</phrase>
+	  <phrase role="strong">&lt;animate dur="1s" tts:opacity="0;1"/&gt;</phrase>
 	  &lt;set dur="5s" tts:opacity="1"/&gt;
-	  <phrase role="strong">&lt;animate dur="1s" attributeName="tts:opacity" to="0"/&gt;</phrase>
+	  <phrase role="strong">&lt;animate dur="1s" tts:opacity="1;0"/&gt;</phrase>
 	  &lt;style tts:extent="480px 60px"/&gt;
 	  &lt;style tts:origin="80px 400px"/&gt;
 	&lt;/region&gt;
@@ -10411,16 +10388,16 @@
 </div3>
 <div3 id="animation-vocabulary-set">
 <head>set</head>
-<p>The <el>set</el> element expresses one or more a discrete changes (animations) to be applied to targetted attributes
-of a targetted element.</p>
+<p>The <el>set</el> element expresses one or more a discrete changes (animations) to be applied (targeted) to style property attributes
+of associated elements.</p>
 <p>A <el>set</el> element may appear as either (1) a child of a
-<loc href="#terms-content-element">content element</loc> or <el>region</el> element, referred to as <loc href="#terms-inline-animation">inline animation</loc>, or
+<loc href="#terms-content-element">content element</loc> or a <loc href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc> element,
+referred to as <loc href="#terms-inline-animation">inline animation</loc>, or
 (2) a child of an <loc href="#animation-vocabulary-animation">animation</loc> element, referred to as
 <loc href="#terms-out-of-line-animation">out-of-line animation</loc>.
-In the former case, the targetted element of the animation is the parent of the <el>set</el> element; in the latter
-case, the targetted element is the element referenced by the <att>xlink:href</att> attribute on the
-<el>set</el> element.</p>
-<p>The targetted attributes of a <el>set</el> element are specified using attributes in the TT Style namespace.</p>
+In the former case, the parent of the <el>set</el> element is the associated element; in the latter
+case, any element that references the <el>set</el> element using an <att>animate</att> attribute is
+an associated element.</p>
 <p>The <el>set</el> element accepts as its children zero or more
 elements in the <code>Metadata.class</code> element group.</p>
 <table id="elt-syntax-set" role="syntax">
@@ -10433,8 +10410,9 @@
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-begin">begin</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-dur">dur</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#timing-attribute-end">end</loc> = <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
+  fill = <loc href="#animation-value-fill">&lt;fill&gt;</loc>
+  repeatCount = <loc href="#animation-value-repeatCount">&lt;repeatCount&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#style-attribute-style">style</loc> = IDREFS
-  <loc href="#content-attribute-id">xlink:href</loc> = <loc href="#animation-value-fragmentIdentifier">&lt;fragmentIdentifier&gt;</loc>
   <loc href="#content-attribute-id">xml:id</loc> = ID
   <loc href="#content-attribute-lang">xml:lang</loc> = string
   <loc href="#content-attribute-space">xml:space</loc> = (<emph>default</emph>|<emph>preserve</emph>)
@@ -10447,29 +10425,32 @@
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>
-<p></p>
-<ednote>
-<name>Change xlink:href to href</name>
-<date>2013-09-05</date>
-<edtext>The SVG WG is deprecating xlink:href, in favor of using an unqualified href attribute. See
-<loc href="http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/WG/wiki/Href">SVG Wiki: Href</loc>. We should probably just specify the use of unqualified href.</edtext>
-</ednote>
+<p>Style property attributes targeted by an <el>set</el> element are specified directly using
+attributes in the TT Style namespace or in a namespace that is not some TT namespace, where the single target animation (key) value
+adheres to the <loc href="#animation-value-animationValueList">&lt;animationValueList&gt;</loc> syntax, where each
+constituent <loc href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</loc> adheres to the syntax of the specified
+attribute, and where exactly one constituent <loc href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</loc> is specified.</p>
+<p>If more than one constituent <loc href="#animation-value-animationValue">&lt;animationValue&gt;</loc> is specified, then all
+constituents other than the first must be ignored for the purpose of presentation processing, and must be considered an error for the
+purpose of validation processing.</p>
+<note role="elaboration">
+<p>In contrast with <bibref ref="svg11"/>, &sect;19.2.13, a single <el>set</el> element, as defined here, may be used to
+perform discrete animations on a set of targeted style property attributes instead of being limited to targeting a single style property attribute.
+In <bibref ref="svg11"/>, this would require the use of multiple <el>set</el> elements rather than a single <el>set</el> element.</p>
+</note>
 <p>Except for the constraints or variations enumerated below, the semantics of the <el>set</el> element and its attributes
 enumerated above are defined to be those specified by <bibref ref="svg11"/>, &sect;19.2.13:</p>
 <olist>
-<item><p>The attributes targetted by a <el>set</el> element and the discrete values to be applied to these attributes are
-specified by direct use of attributes in the TT Style namespace (as opposed to using
-<att>attributeName</att> and <att>to</att> attributes). For example, specifying <code>tts:color="red"</code> is to be
-considered equivalent to specifying <code>attributeName="tts:color"</code> and <code>to="red"</code> in <bibref ref="svg11"/>.</p></item>
-<item><p>If an <att>xlink:href</att> attribute is specified, then the <el>set</el> element must be a child of an
-<loc href="#animation-vocabulary-animation">animation</loc> element; conversely, if a <el>set</el> element is a child of
-an <loc href="#animation-vocabulary-animation">animation</loc> element, then it must specify an <att>xlink:href</att> attribute.</p></item>
+<item><p>The attributes targeted by a <el>set</el> element and the discrete values to be applied to these attributes are
+specified by direct use of attributes in the TT Style namespace or in a namespace that is not a TT namespace (as opposed to using SVG's
+<att>attributeName</att> and <att>to</att> attributes).</p>
+<note role="example">
+<p>For example, specifying <code>tts:color="red"</code> is
+considered equivalent to specifying <code>attributeName="tts:color"</code> and <code>to="red"</code> in <bibref ref="svg11"/>.</p>
+</note>
+</item>
+<item><p>If no <att>fill</att> attribute is specified, then a <emph>fill</emph> value of <code>remove</code> applies.</p></item>
 </olist>
-<note role="elaboration">
-<p>In contrast with <bibref ref="svg11"/>, &sect;19.2.13, a single <el>set</el> element, as defined here, may be used to
-perform discrete animations on a set of targetted attributes instead of being limited to targeting a single attribute.
-In <bibref ref="svg11"/>, this would require the use of multiple <el>set</el> elements rather than a single <el>set</el> element.</p>
-</note>
 <p>An example of using the <el>set</el> element to animate content
 styling is illustrated below:</p>
 <table id="animation-vocabulary-set-example-1" role="example">
@@ -10551,15 +10532,41 @@
 </div2> <!-- animation-element-vocabulary -->
 <div2 id="animation-attribute-vocabulary">
 <head>Animation Attribute Vocabulary</head>
-<p>No animation related attribute vocabulary is defined for use in the
-core vocabulary catalog.</p>
+<p>This section defines the <specref ref="animation-attribute-animate"/> attribute used with <loc href="#terms-content-element">content elements</loc>
+and certain layout elements.</p>
+<div3 id="animation-attribute-animate">
+<head>animate</head>
+<p>The <att>animate</att> attribute is used
+to reference one or more <loc href="#animation-vocabulary-animate"><el>animate</el></loc>
+or <loc href="#animation-vocabulary-set"><el>set</el></loc> elements
+each of which defines a specific <loc href="#terms-out-of-line-animation">out-of-line animation</loc>.</p>
+<p>The <att>animate</att> attribute may be specified by an instance of the following
+element types:</p>
+<ulist>
+<item><p><loc href="#document-structure-vocabulary-body"><el>body</el></loc></p></item>
+<item><p><loc href="#content-vocabulary-br"><el>br</el></loc></p></item>
+<item><p><loc href="#content-vocabulary-div"><el>div</el></loc></p></item>
+<item><p><loc href="#content-vocabulary-p"><el>p</el></loc></p></item>
+<item><p><loc href="#layout-vocabulary-region"><el>region</el></loc></p></item>
+<item><p><loc href="#content-vocabulary-span"><el>span</el></loc></p></item>
+</ulist>
+<p>If specified, the value of an <att>animate</att> attribute must
+adhere to the <code>IDREFS</code> data type defined by <bibref ref="xsd-2"/>,
+&sect; 3.3.10, and, furthermore, each IDREF must reference an <loc href="#animation-vocabulary-animate"><el>animate</el></loc>
+or <loc href="#animation-vocabulary-set"><el>set</el></loc> element
+which has a <loc href="#animation-vocabulary-animation"><el>animation</el></loc> element as an ancestor.</p>
+<p>A given IDREF must not appear more than one time in the value of an <att>animate</att>
+attribute.</p>
+<note role="usage">
+<p>See the specific element type definitions that permit use of the
+<att>animate</att> attribute.</p>
+</note>
+</div3>
 </div2> <!-- animation-attribute-vocabulary -->
 <div2 id="animation-value-expressions">
 <head>Animation Value Expressions</head>
 <p>Animation attribute values include the use of the following expressions:</p>
 <ulist>
-<item><p><specref ref="animation-value-accumulate"/></p></item>
-<item><p><specref ref="animation-value-additive"/></p></item>
 <item><p><specref ref="animation-value-animationValue"/></p></item>
 <item><p><specref ref="animation-value-animationValueList"/></p></item>
 <item><p><specref ref="animation-value-calcMode"/></p></item>
@@ -10569,52 +10576,11 @@
 <item><p><specref ref="animation-value-keyTimes"/></p></item>
 <item><p><specref ref="animation-value-qualifiedName"/></p></item>
 <item><p><specref ref="animation-value-repeatCount"/></p></item>
-<item><p><specref ref="animation-value-repeatDur"/></p></item>
-</ulist>
-<div3 id="animation-value-accumulate">
-<head>&lt;accumulate&gt;</head>
-<p>An &lt;accumulate&gt; expression is used to control whether animation is cumulative or not.</p>
-<table id="accumulate-syntax" role="syntax">
-<caption>Syntax Representation &ndash; &lt;accumulate&gt;</caption>
-<tbody>
-<tr>
-<td>
-<eg xml:space="preserve">
-&lt;accumulate&gt;
-  : "none"
-  | "sum"
-</eg>
-</td>
-</tr>
-</tbody>
-</table>
-<p>The semantics of an &lt;accumulate&gt; expression are those defined by
-<bibref ref="svg11"/>, &sect;19.2.10.</p>
-</div3>
-<div3 id="animation-value-additive">
-<head>&lt;additive&gt;</head>
-<p>An &lt;additive&gt; expression is used to control whether animation is additive.</p>
-<table id="additive-syntax" role="syntax">
-<caption>Syntax Representation &ndash; &lt;additive&gt;</caption>
-<tbody>
-<tr>
-<td>
-<eg xml:space="preserve">
-&lt;additive&gt;
-  : "replace"
-  | "sum"
-</eg>
-</td>
-</tr>
-</tbody>
-</table>
-<p>The semantics of an &lt;additive&gt; expression are those defined by
-<bibref ref="svg11"/>, &sect;19.2.10.</p>
-</div3>
+</ulist>
 <div3 id="animation-value-animationValue">
 <head>&lt;animationValue&gt;</head>
 <p>An &lt;animationValue&gt; expression is used to specify the starting (initial), intermediate,
-or ending (final) of the attribute targetted by the animation.</p>
+or ending (final) of the attribute targeted by the animation.</p>
 <table id="animationValue-syntax" role="syntax">
 <caption>Syntax Representation &ndash; &lt;animationValue&gt;</caption>
 <tbody>
@@ -10629,14 +10595,14 @@
 </tbody>
 </table>
 <p>The syntax of an &lt;animationValue&gt; expression must satisfy all syntax
-requirements that apply to the attribute targetted by the animation.</p>
+requirements that apply to the attribute targeted by the animation.</p>
 <p>The semantics of an &lt;animationValue&gt; expression are those defined by
 <bibref ref="svg11"/>, &sect;19.2.9.</p>
 </div3>
 <div3 id="animation-value-animationValueList">
 <head>&lt;animationValueList&gt;</head>
 <p>An &lt;animationValueList&gt; expression is used to specify a list of animation values that sequentially
-apply to the attribute targetted by the animation, wherein each pair of values is separated by a SEMICOLON (U+003B) character
+apply to the attribute targeted by the animation, wherein each pair of values is separated by a SEMICOLON (U+003B) character
 optionally surrounded by linear white-space (LWSP) characters.</p>
 <table id="animationValueList-syntax" role="syntax">
 <caption>Syntax Representation &ndash; &lt;animationValueList&gt;</caption>
@@ -10652,7 +10618,7 @@
 </tbody>
 </table>
 <p>The syntax of an &lt;animationValue&gt; in an &lt;animationValueList&gt; expression must satisfy all syntax
-requirements that apply to the attribute targetted by the animation.</p>
+requirements that apply to the attribute targeted by the animation.</p>
 <p>The semantics of an &lt;animationValueList&gt; expression are those defined by
 <bibref ref="svg11"/>, &sect;19.2.9.</p>
 </div3>
@@ -10668,7 +10634,6 @@
 &lt;calcMode&gt;
   : "discrete"
   | "linear"
-  | "paced"
   | "spline"
 </eg>
 </td>
@@ -10677,13 +10642,6 @@
 </table>
 <p>The semantics of a &lt;calcMode&gt; expression are those defined by
 <bibref ref="svg11"/>, &sect;19.2.9.</p>
-<p></p>
-<ednote>
-<name>Consider removing support for paced.</name>
-<date>2013-11-14</date>
-<edtext>CSS Animations doesn't directly support paced values; however, it is possible to translate a paced timing function to a linear function
-with explicit @keyTimes.</edtext>
-</ednote>
 </div3>
 <div3 id="animation-value-fill">
 <head>&lt;fill&gt;</head>
@@ -10829,7 +10787,7 @@
 </div3>
 <div3 id="animation-value-qualifiedName">
 <head>&lt;qualifiedName&gt;</head>
-<p>A &lt;qualifiedName&gt; expression is used to specify the attribute targetted by the animation.</p>
+<p>A &lt;qualifiedName&gt; expression is used to specify the attribute targeted by the animation.</p>
 <table id="qualifiedName-syntax" role="syntax">
 <caption>Syntax Representation &ndash; &lt;qualifiedName&gt;</caption>
 <tbody>
@@ -10880,26 +10838,6 @@
 <p>The semantics of a &lt;repeatCount&gt; expression are those defined by
 <bibref ref="svg11"/>, &sect;19.2.8.</p>
 </div3>
-<div3 id="animation-value-repeatDur">
-<head>&lt;repeatDur&gt;</head>
-<p>A &lt;repeatDur&gt; expression is used to control the total duration for a repeated animation.</p>
-<table id="repeatDur-syntax" role="syntax">
-<caption>Syntax Representation &ndash; &lt;repeatDur&gt;</caption>
-<tbody>
-<tr>
-<td>
-<eg xml:space="preserve">
-&lt;repeatDur&gt;
-  : <loc href="#timing-value-timeExpression">&lt;timeExpression&gt;</loc>
-  | "indefinite"
-</eg>
-</td>
-</tr>
-</tbody>
-</table>
-<p>The semantics of a &lt;repeatDur&gt; expression are those defined by
-<bibref ref="svg11"/>, &sect;19.2.8.</p>
-</div3>
 </div2> <!-- animation-value-expressions -->
 </div1> <!-- animation -->
 
@@ -15078,7 +15016,7 @@
 <item>
 <p>Conceptually derived from existing <el>tt:layout</el> element,
 which is a generic container for layout specifications, but for use
-in defining animation specifications that apply to targetted elements.</p>
+in defining animation specifications that apply to targeted elements.</p>
 </item>
 </olist>
 </note>
Binary file ttml2/spec/xsd/schema.zip has changed
--- a/ttml2/spec/xsd/ttml2-animation.xsd	Thu Jul 31 15:46:24 2014 +0200
+++ b/ttml2/spec/xsd/ttml2-animation.xsd	Thu Jul 31 15:46:54 2014 +0200
@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@
     schemaLocation="ttml2-datatypes.xsd"/>
   <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
     schemaLocation="xlink.xsd"/>
+  <xs:attributeGroup name="AnimationBinding.attrib.class">
+    <xs:attribute name="animate" type="xs:IDREFS"/>
+  </xs:attributeGroup>
   <xs:attributeGroup name="animation.attlist">
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Core.attrib.class"/>
   </xs:attributeGroup>
@@ -29,20 +32,11 @@
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Core.attrib.class" />
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Timed.attrib.class" />
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Styled.attrib.class"/>
-    <xs:attribute name="accumulate" type="ttd:accumulate"/>
-    <xs:attribute name="additive" type="ttd:additive"/>
-    <xs:attribute name="attributeName" type="ttd:qualifiedName" use="required"/>
-    <xs:attribute name="by" type="ttd:animationValue"/>
     <xs:attribute name="calcMode" type="ttd:calcMode"/>
     <xs:attribute name="fill" type="ttd:fill"/>
-    <xs:attribute name="from" type="ttd:animationValue"/>
     <xs:attribute name="keySplines" type="ttd:keySplines"/>
     <xs:attribute name="keyTimes" type="ttd:keyTimes"/>
     <xs:attribute name="repeatCount" type="ttd:repeatCount"/>
-    <xs:attribute name="repeatDur" type="ttd:repeatDur"/>
-    <xs:attribute name="to" type="ttd:animationValue"/>
-    <xs:attribute name="values" type="ttd:animationValueList"/>
-    <xs:attribute ref="xlink:href"/>
   </xs:attributeGroup>
   <xs:complexType name="animate.eltype">
     <xs:sequence>
@@ -54,6 +48,8 @@
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Core.attrib.class" />
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Timed.attrib.class" />
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Styled.attrib.class"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="fill" type="ttd:fill"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="repeatCount" type="ttd:repeatCount"/>
   </xs:attributeGroup>
   <xs:complexType name="set.eltype">
     <xs:sequence>
--- a/ttml2/spec/xsd/ttml2-content.xsd	Thu Jul 31 15:46:24 2014 +0200
+++ b/ttml2/spec/xsd/ttml2-content.xsd	Thu Jul 31 15:46:54 2014 +0200
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
   <xs:attributeGroup name="body.attlist">
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Core.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:TimedContainer.attrib.class"/>
+    <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:AnimationBinding.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:RegionBinding.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Styled.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="ttm:Metadata.attrib.class"/>
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@
   <xs:attributeGroup name="div.attlist">
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Core.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:TimedContainer.attrib.class"/>
+    <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:AnimationBinding.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:RegionBinding.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Styled.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="ttm:Metadata.attrib.class"/>
@@ -29,6 +31,7 @@
   <xs:attributeGroup name="p.attlist">
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Core.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:TimedContainer.attrib.class"/>
+    <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:AnimationBinding.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:RegionBinding.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Styled.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="ttm:Metadata.attrib.class"/>
@@ -36,6 +39,7 @@
   <xs:attributeGroup name="span.attlist">
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Core.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:TimedContainer.attrib.class"/>
+    <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:AnimationBinding.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:RegionBinding.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Styled.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="ttm:Metadata.attrib.class"/>
@@ -43,6 +47,7 @@
   <xs:attributeGroup name="br.attlist">
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Core.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:TimedContainer.attrib.class"/>
+    <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:AnimationBinding.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:RegionBinding.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Styled.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="ttm:Metadata.attrib.class"/>
--- a/ttml2/spec/xsd/ttml2-datatypes.xsd	Thu Jul 31 15:46:24 2014 +0200
+++ b/ttml2/spec/xsd/ttml2-datatypes.xsd	Thu Jul 31 15:46:54 2014 +0200
@@ -2,18 +2,6 @@
 <xs:schema targetNamespace="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#datatype"
         xml:lang="en" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
         xmlns:ttd="http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml#datatype">
-  <xs:simpleType name="accumulate">
-    <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
-      <xs:enumeration value="none"/>
-      <xs:enumeration value="sum"/>
-    </xs:restriction>
-  </xs:simpleType>
-  <xs:simpleType name="additive">
-    <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
-      <xs:enumeration value="replace"/>
-      <xs:enumeration value="sum"/>
-    </xs:restriction>
-  </xs:simpleType>
   <xs:simpleType name="agent">
     <xs:restriction base="xs:IDREFS"/>
   </xs:simpleType>
@@ -372,16 +360,6 @@
     </xs:annotation>
     <xs:restriction base="xs:string"/>
   </xs:simpleType>
-  <xs:simpleType name="repeatDur">
-    <xs:annotation>
-      <xs:documentation>
-        repeatDur
-          : timeExpression
-          | "indefinite"
-      </xs:documentation>
-    </xs:annotation>
-    <xs:restriction base="xs:string"/>
-  </xs:simpleType>
   <xs:simpleType name="restricts">
     <xs:restriction base="xs:anyURI"/>
   </xs:simpleType>
--- a/ttml2/spec/xsd/ttml2-layout.xsd	Thu Jul 31 15:46:24 2014 +0200
+++ b/ttml2/spec/xsd/ttml2-layout.xsd	Thu Jul 31 15:46:54 2014 +0200
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Core.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:Styled.attrib.class"/>
     <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:TimedContainer.attrib.class"/>
+    <xs:attributeGroup ref="tt:AnimationBinding.attrib.class"/>
   </xs:attributeGroup>
   <xs:complexType name="layout.eltype">
     <xs:sequence>