update
authorGuus Schreiber <guus.schreiber@vu.nl>
Thu, 13 Feb 2014 16:04:52 +0100
changeset 1888 b0c84de017e9
parent 1887 3fa28dfb83e2
child 1889 7c5ec103161a
update
REC-drafts/NOTE-rdf11-new-20140225/Overview.html
REC-drafts/NOTE-rdf11-new-20140225/serialization-formats.png
--- a/REC-drafts/NOTE-rdf11-new-20140225/Overview.html	Thu Feb 13 15:59:01 2014 +0100
+++ b/REC-drafts/NOTE-rdf11-new-20140225/Overview.html	Thu Feb 13 16:04:52 2014 +0100
@@ -0,0 +1,581 @@
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+<html lang="en" typeof="bibo:Document " about="" property="dcterms:language" content="en" prefix="bibo: http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/ w3p: http://www.w3.org/2001/02pd/rec54#" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
+<head>
+    <meta charset="utf-8" />
+    <title>What’s New in RDF 1.1</title>
+    
+    
+    
+    <style type="text/css">
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+  <style>/*****************************************************************
+ * ReSpec 3 CSS
+ * Robin Berjon - http://berjon.com/
+ *****************************************************************/
+
+/* --- INLINES --- */
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+
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+    margin-bottom:  1em;
+}
+
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+    margin-bottom:  0;
+}
+
+@media print {
+    .removeOnSave {
+        display: none;
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+}
+</style><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-WG-NOTE" />
+<!--[if lt IE 9]><script src='https://www.w3.org/2008/site/js/html5shiv.js'></script><![endif]-->
+</head>
+<body class="h-entry" role="document" id="respecDocument"><div class="head" role="contentinfo" id="respecHeader">
+  <p>
+    
+      <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img width="72" height="48" alt="W3C" src="https://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" /></a>
+    
+  </p>
+  <h1 property="dcterms:title" id="title" class="title p-name">What’s New in RDF 1.1</h1>
+  
+  <h2 content="2014-02-24T23:00:00.000Z" datatype="xsd:dateTime" property="dcterms:issued" id="w3c-working-group-note-25-february-2014"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Working Group Note <time datetime="2014-02-25" class="dt-published">25 February 2014</time></h2>
+  <dl>
+    
+      <dt>This version:</dt>
+      <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/NOTE-rdf11-new-20140225/" class="u-url">http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/NOTE-rdf11-new-20140225/</a></dd>
+      <dt>Latest published version:</dt>
+      <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-new/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-new/</a></dd>
+    
+    
+    
+    
+    
+    
+    
+      <dt>Previous version:</dt>
+      <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-rdf11-new-20131217/" rel="dcterms:replaces">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-rdf11-new-20131217/</a></dd>
+    
+    
+    <dt>Editor:</dt>
+    <dd inlist="" rel="bibo:editor" class="p-author h-card vcard"><span typeof="foaf:Person"><a href="http://about.me/david_wood" content="David Wood" property="foaf:name" rel="foaf:homepage" class="u-url url p-name fn">David Wood</a>, <a href="http://3roundstones.com/" class="p-org org h-org h-card" rel="foaf:workplaceHomepage">3 Round Stones Inc.</a></span>
+</dd>
+
+    
+    
+  </dl>
+  
+  
+  
+  
+    
+      <p class="copyright">
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a> ©
+        2014
+        
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr></a><sup>®</sup>
+        (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr></a>,
+        <a href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr></a>,
+        <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>, <a href="http://ev.buaa.edu.cn/">Beihang</a>), 
+        
+        All Rights Reserved.
+        
+        <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a> and
+        
+          <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document use</a>
+        
+        rules apply.
+      </p>
+    
+  
+  <hr />
+</div>
+
+
+  <section id="abstract" class="introductory" property="dcterms:abstract" datatype="" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter"><h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_abstract">Abstract</h2>
+
+    <p>This document provides the reader with a summary
+    of changes to RDF introduced in RDF version 1.1. 
+    </p>
+	</section><section class="introductory" id="sotd" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter"><h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_sotd">Status of This Document</h2>
+  
+    
+      
+        <p>
+          <em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication.
+          Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> publications and the
+          latest revision of this technical report can be found in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> technical reports index</a> at
+          http://www.w3.org/TR/.</em>
+        </p>
+        
+  <p>This document is intended to provide the reader with a summary
+of changes to RDF introduced in RDF version 1.1. </p>
+
+        <p>
+          This document was published by the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/rdf-wg/">RDF Working Group</a> as a Working Group Note.
+          
+          
+            If you wish to make comments regarding this document, please send them to 
+            <a href="mailto:public-rdf-comments@w3.org">public-rdf-comments@w3.org</a> 
+            (<a href="mailto:public-rdf-comments-request@w3.org?subject=subscribe">subscribe</a>,
+            <a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-rdf-comments/">archives</a>).
+          
+          
+          
+          
+            All comments are welcome.
+          
+        </p>
+        
+        
+          <p>
+            Publication as a Working Group Note does not imply endorsement by the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>
+            Membership. This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other
+            documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this document as other than work in
+            progress.
+          </p>
+        
+        
+        
+        <p>
+          
+            This document was produced by a group operating under the 
+            <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/" rel="w3p:patentRules" about="" id="sotd_patent">5 February 2004 <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Patent
+            Policy</a>.
+          
+          
+          
+            
+              <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> maintains a <a rel="disclosure" href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/46168/status">public list of any patent
+              disclosures</a> 
+            
+            made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes
+            instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent
+            which the individual believes contains
+            <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential
+            Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with
+            <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section
+            6 of the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Patent Policy</a>.
+          
+          
+        </p>
+        
+      
+    
+  
+</section><section id="toc"><h2 class="introductory" aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_toc">Table of Contents</h2><ul class="toc" role="directory" id="respecContents"><li class="tocline"><a href="#section-introduction" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#section-abstract-syntax" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2. </span>Abstract Syntax</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#identifiers" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.1 </span>Identifiers</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#literals" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.2 </span>Literals</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#datasets" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.3 </span>Datasets</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#datatypes" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.4 </span>Datatypes</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#section-serializations" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3. </span>New Serialization Formats</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#section-semantics" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4. </span>Semantics</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#section-Acknowledgments" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A. </span>Acknowledgments</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B. </span>References</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#normative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B.1 </span>Normative references</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#informative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B.2 </span>Informative references</a></li></ul></li></ul></section>
+
+
+
+
+<section id="section-introduction" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+	
+    
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_section-introduction"><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</h2>
+
+    <p>This document is informative in nature.  Its
+    purpose is to provide a summary of differences between RDF versions 1.0
+    and 1.1 and to introduce new additions in a very brief manner.
+    </p> 
+
+		<p>Readers new to RDF should start with the RDF 1.1 Primer
+		[<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF11-PRIMER">RDF11-PRIMER</a></cite>] and then move on to the specifications in which they are
+		most interested.  This document is meant to serve as a guide for those
+		already familiar with RDF 1.0 who wish to understand changes in version
+		1.1.</p>
+      
+    <p>Normative specifications of RDF can be found in the
+		following documents: </p>
+    <ul>
+      <li>A document describing the basic concepts underlying RDF, as
+      well as abstract syntax (&quot;RDF Concepts and Abstract Syntax&quot;)
+      [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF11-CONCEPTS">RDF11-CONCEPTS</a></cite>]</li>
+      <li>A document describing the formal model-theoretic semantics
+      of RDF (&quot;RDF Semantics&quot;) [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF11-MT">RDF11-MT</a></cite>]</li>
+      <li>Specifications of concrete syntaxes for RDF, such as Turtle
+      [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-TURTLE">TURTLE</a></cite>], TriG [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-TRIG">TRIG</a></cite>], N-Triples [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-N-TRIPLES">N-TRIPLES</a></cite>], 
+			N-Quads [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-N-QUADS">N-QUADS</a></cite>] and JSON-LD [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-JSON-LD">JSON-LD</a></cite>].  RDFa [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDFA-PRIMER">RDFA-PRIMER</a></cite>]
+			is also a concrete syntax for RDF, but it was not defined
+			by the RDF Working Group. The 2004 RDF/XML syntax
+		was updated to be in line with the RDF 1.1
+		specifications [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF11-XML">RDF11-XML</a></cite>]. </li> 
+      <li>A document describing RDF Schema [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF11-SCHEMA">RDF11-SCHEMA</a></cite>], which
+		provides a data-modeling vocabulary for RDF data. </li>
+    </ul>
+
+		<p>The following prefixes are used in this document:</p>
+		
+		<table class="simple">
+		      <caption>Prefixes and IRIs</caption>
+		      <tbody><tr><th>Namespace prefix</th><th>Namespace IRI</th><th>RDF vocabulary</th></tr>
+		      <tr><td>rdf</td><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"><code>http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#</code></a></td><td>The RDF built-in vocabulary [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF11-SCHEMA">RDF11-SCHEMA</a></cite>]</td></tr>
+		      <tr><td>xsd</td><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"><code>http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#</code></a></td><td>The
+		      RDF-compatible XML Schema datatypes</td></tr>
+		</tbody></table>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="section-abstract-syntax" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+	
+
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_section-abstract-syntax"><span class="secno">2. </span>Abstract Syntax</h2>
+
+<section id="identifiers" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+	
+<h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_identifiers"><span class="secno">2.1 </span>Identifiers</h3>
+	
+<p>Identifiers in RDF 1.1 are now IRIs.  The following table
+summarizes specific differences.</p> 
+	
+<table class="simple">
+  <caption>Identifiers in RDF 1.0 and 1.1.</caption>
+  <tbody><tr>
+        <th></th>
+	<th>RDF 1.0</th>
+	<th>RDF 1.1</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+	<td>Identifiers</td>
+	<td>RDF URI References</td>
+	<td>IRIs</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+	<td>Additional characters</td>
+	<td>
+	&quot;&lt;&quot;, &quot;&gt;&quot;,
+	&quot;{&quot;, &quot;}&quot;, &quot;|&quot;, &quot;\&quot;, &quot;^&quot;,
+	&quot;`&quot;, ‘&quot;’ (double quote), and &quot; &quot; (space)
+	</td>
+	<td>None; percent-encoding must be used as described in
+        section 2.1 of [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3986">RFC3986</a></cite>]. </td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+	<td>Fragment identifiers</td>
+	<td>Fragment identifiers interpreted in accordance with RDF/XML representation.
+	</td>
+	<td>Full IRIs, including possible fragment identifiers, denote a resource.
+	</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+	<td>Blank nodes</td>
+	<td>
+	RDF 1.0 makes no reference to any internal structure of blank nodes. Given two
+	blank nodes, it is possible to determine whether or not they are the same.
+	</td>
+	<td>
+	Blank node identifiers are local identifiers that are used in
+  some concrete RDF syntaxes or RDF store implementations. They are
+  always locally scoped to the file or RDF store, and are not
+  persistent or portable identifiers for blank nodes. See the section
+  in Concepts and Abstract Syntax regarding Skolemization if blank
+  nodes must be shared between implementations. 
+	</td>
+  </tr>
+</tbody></table>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="literals" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+	
+<h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_literals"><span class="secno">2.2 </span>Literals</h3>
+	
+<p>The following table summarizes differences in the handling of literals.</p>
+
+<table class="simple">
+  <caption>Literals in RDF 1.0 and 1.1.</caption>
+  <tbody><tr>
+        <th></th>
+	<th>RDF 1.0</th>
+	<th>RDF 1.1</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+	<td>Language tags</td>
+	<td>Literals with a language tag did not have a datatype URI.</td>
+	<td>Literals with language tags now have the datatype IRI
+        <code>rdf:langString</code>. </td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+	<td rowspan="2">Simple literals</td>
+	<td>Simple literals could appear directly, e.g. &quot;a literal&quot;.</td>
+	<td>All literals have datatypes; serializations or other
+        implementations might choose to support syntax for simple literals,
+        but only as synonyms for <code>xsd:string</code> literals.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+	<td>Control codes in the #x0-#x1F range were permitted.</td>
+	<td>The <code>xsd:string</code> datatype does not permit the
+        #x0 character, and implementations might not permit control codes in
+        the #x1-#x1F range.  A literal with type <code>xsd:string</code>
+        containing the #x0 character is ill-typed. </td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+	<td>Language tags</td>
+	<td>Permitted language tags that adhered to the generic
+        tag/subtag syntax of language tags, but were not well-formed
+        according to [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-BCP47">BCP47</a></cite>]. </td>
+	<td>Language tags must be well-formed according to [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-BCP47">BCP47</a></cite>].</td>
+  </tr>
+</tbody></table>
+	
+<p>Planned updates to DOM version 4 [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-DOM4">DOM4</a></cite>] are not complete as of
+this writing.  The Working	Group decided to
+follow the changes to the DOM in order to support the
+new datatype <code>rdf:HTML</code>. 
+The unfinished status of DOM version 4 is why both
+<code>rdf:HTML</code> and <code>rdf:XMLLiteral</code> are
+non-normative in RDF 1.1 Concepts.  RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract
+Syntax clarifies functionality deemed to be
+useful for those including fragments of XML and HTML content in RDF
+serialization formats.</p>
+		
+</section>
+	
+<section id="datasets" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+
+<h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_datasets"><span class="secno">2.3 </span>Datasets</h3>
+	
+<p>RDF 1.1 introduces the concept of RDF Datasets.  An RDF Dataset is a collection of RDF
+Graphs.  SPARQL 1.1 [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-SPARQL11-OVERVIEW">SPARQL11-OVERVIEW</a></cite>] also defines the concept of an RDF Dataset, but
+the definition in RDF 1.1 differs slightly in that RDF 1.1 allows RDF Graphs to be
+identified using either an IRI or a blank node. More information is available in
+RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract Syntax.</p>
+
+<p>The semantics of RDF Datasets
+are minimally specified as of RDF
+1.1. The Working Group published a
+draft Note discussing issues related
+to semantics of datasets [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF11-DATASETS">RDF11-DATASETS</a></cite>].</p>
+		
+<p>RDF Graphs may be named using an IRI or a blank node.  RDF Graphs that are so named are
+called named graphs.</p>
+		
+<p>RDF 1.1 includes three new serialization formats capable of
+representing multiple graphs.</p> 
+	
+</section>
+
+<section id="datatypes" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+	
+<h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_datatypes"><span class="secno">2.4 </span>Datatypes</h3>
+	
+<p>A table of RDF-compatible XSD datatypes has been added to RDF 1.1 Concepts and
+Abstract Syntax.  Any XSD datatypes not represented in this table are incompatible
+with RDF.  The following XSD 1.1 datatypes were added to the list of
+RDF-compatible datatypes:</p>
+	
+<ul>
+  <li><code>xsd:duration</code></li>
+  <li><code>xsd:dayTimeDuration</code></li>
+  <li><code>xsd:yearMonthDuration</code></li>
+  <li><code>xsd:dateTimeStamp</code></li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>Support for <code>rdf:XMLLiteral</code> support is now
+optional.  Technically, support for 
+any individual datatype is optional and therefore may not be present in a given
+implementation.  RDF-conformant specifications may require specific
+datatype maps.</p> 
+
+</section>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="section-serializations" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+
+
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_section-serializations"><span class="secno">3. </span>New Serialization Formats</h2>
+
+<p>RDF 1.1 introduces a number of new serialization formats. RDF 1.1 Concepts and
+Abstract Syntax makes it clear that RDF/XML is no longer the only recommended serialization
+format; RDF itself should be considered to be the data model (the
+abstract syntax), not any particular serialization.</p>
+
+<figure id="fig-rdf-1.0-and-1.1-serialization-formats">
+  <img src="serialization-formats.png" class="graph" />
+  <figcaption>Fig. <span class="figno">1</span> <span class="fig-title">RDF 1.0 and 1.1 serialization formats</span></figcaption>
+</figure>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="section-semantics" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+
+
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_section-semantics"><span class="secno">4. </span>Semantics</h2>
+
+<p>Most of the changes between RDF and RDF 1.1 do not have any effect on
+implementations of entailment.</p>
+
+<p>Datatype entailment formally refers to a set of 'recognized' datatypes,
+replacing datatype maps in RDF 1.0 Semantics, but this does not have any
+effect on implementation.</p>
+
+<p>Datatype entailment formally refers to a set of 'recognized' datatype IRIs.
+The RDF 1.0 Semantics used the concept of a datatype map: in the new semantic
+description, this is the mapping from recognized IRIs to the datatypes they
+identify. This change does not have any effect on implementation or semantic
+entailments.</p>
+
+<p>RDF entailment has two required datatypes <code>xsd:string</code>
+and <code>rdf:langString</code> 
+which must be recognized, but this doesn't appreciably add to RDF
+entailment as these two datatypes replace plain literals.</p>
+
+<p>One change that does affect entailment is that graphs containing invalid
+literals (e.g., <code>&quot;a&quot;^^xsd:integer</code>) are immediately inconsistent for
+recognized datatypes, even in sub-RDFS entailment regimes.</p>
+
+<p>RDF 1.1 includes RDF Datasets. However, the semantics of RDF Datasets in
+RDF 1.1 is minimal and entailment per se is only defined on RDF graphs so
+there are no changes here.</p>
+
+</section>
+
+<section class="appendix" id="section-Acknowledgments" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+	
+
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_section-Acknowledgments"><span class="secno">A. </span>Acknowledgments</h2>
+
+<p>The editor gratefully acknowledges the members of the RDF Working
+Group who contributed to this document, including Richard Cyganiak,
+Gavin Garothers, Pat Hayes, Sandro Hawke, Gregg Kellogg, Markus
+Lanthaler, Peter Patel-Schneider, Eric Prud-hommeaux, Guus Schreiber
+and Manu Sporny.
+
+</p><p>The membership of the RDF Working Group included Thomas Baker,
+Scott Bauer, Dan Brickley, Gavin Carothers, Pierre-Antoine Champin,
+Olivier Corby, Richard Cyganiak, Souripriya Das, Ian Davis, Lee
+Feigenbaum, Fabien Gandon, Charles Greer, Alex Hall, Steve Harris,
+Sandro Hawke, Pat Hayes, Ivan Herman, Nicholas Humfrey, Kingsley
+Idehen, Gregg Kellogg, Markus Lanthaler, Arnaud Le Hors, Peter F.
+Patel-Schneider, Eric Prud'hommeaux, Yves Raimond, Nathan Rixham, Guus
+Schreiber, Andy Seaborne, Manu Sporny, Thomas Steiner, Ted Thibodeau,
+Mischa Tuffield, William Waites, Jan Wielemaker, David Wood, Zhe Wu,
+and Antoine Zimmermann.</p> 
+
+</section>
+
+  
+
+<section class="appendix" id="references" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter">
+<!--OddPage-->
+<h2 aria-level="1" role="heading" id="h2_references"><span class="secno">B. </span>References</h2><section id="normative-references" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter"><h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_normative-references"><span class="secno">B.1 </span>Normative references</h3><dl class="bibliography" about=""><dt id="bib-BCP47">[BCP47]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">A. Phillips; M. Davis. <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47"><cite>Tags for Identifying Languages</cite></a>. September 2009. IETF Best Current Practice. URL: <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47">http://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-DOM4">[DOM4]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Anne van Kesteren; Aryeh Gregor; Ms2ger; Alex Russell; Robin Berjon. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/dom/"><cite>W3C DOM4</cite></a>. 7 November 2013. W3C Working Draft. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/dom/">http://www.w3.org/TR/dom/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-JSON-LD">[JSON-LD]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Manu Sporny, Gregg Kellogg, Markus Lanthaler, Editors. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/">JSON-LD 1.0</a></cite>. 16 January 2014. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/">http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-N-QUADS">[N-QUADS]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Gavin Carothers. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-n-quads-20140225/">RDF 1.1 N-Quads</a></cite>. W3C Recommendation, 25 February 2014. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-n-quads-20140225/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-n-quads-20140225/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/n-quads/">http://www.w3.org/TR/n-quads/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-N-TRIPLES">[N-TRIPLES]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Gavin Carothers, Andy Seabourne. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-n-triples-20140225/">RDF 1.1 N-Triples</a></cite>. W3C Recommendation, 25 February 2014. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-n-triples-20140225/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-n-triples-20140225/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/n-triples/">http://www.w3.org/TR/n-triples/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDF11-CONCEPTS">[RDF11-CONCEPTS]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Richard Cyganiak, David Wood, Markus Lanthaler. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-rdf11-concepts-20140225/">RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract Syntax.</a></cite> W3C Recommendation, 25 February 2014. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-rdf11-concepts-20140225/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-rdf11-concepts-20140225/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-concepts/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-concepts/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDF11-MT">[RDF11-MT]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Patrick J. Hayes, Peter F. Patel-Schneider. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-rdf11-mt-20140225/">RDF 1.1 Semantics.</a></cite> W3C Recommendation, 25 February 2014. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-rdf11-mt-20140225/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-rdf11-mt-20140225/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-mt/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-mt/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDF11-SCHEMA">[RDF11-SCHEMA]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Dan Brickley, R. V. Guha. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-rdf-schema-20140225/">RDF Schema 1.1</a></cite>. W3C Recommendation, 25 February 2014. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-rdf-schema-20140225/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-rdf-schema-20140225/</a>. The latest published version is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/</a>.
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDF11-XML">[RDF11-XML]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Fabien Gandon, Guus Schreiber. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-rdf-syntax-grammar-20140225/">RDF 1.1 XML Syntax</a></cite>. W3C Recommendation, 25 February 2014. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-rdf-syntax-grammar-20140225/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-rdf-syntax-grammar-20140225/</a>. The latest published version is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-syntax-grammar/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-syntax-grammar/</a>.
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDFA-PRIMER">[RDFA-PRIMER]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Ivan Herman; Ben Adida; Manu Sporny; Mark Birbeck. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdfa-primer/"><cite>RDFa 1.1 Primer - Second Edition</cite></a>. 22 August 2013. W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdfa-primer/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdfa-primer/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RFC3986">[RFC3986]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">T. Berners-Lee; R. Fielding; L. Masinter. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt"><cite>Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax (RFC 3986)</cite></a>. January 2005. RFC. URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-TRIG">[TRIG]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Gavin Carothers, Andy Seaborne. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-trig-20140225/">TriG: RDF Dataset Language</a></cite>. W3C Recommendation, 25 February 2014. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-trig-20140225/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-trig-20140225/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/trig/">http://www.w3.org/TR/trig/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-TURTLE">[TURTLE]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:requires">Eric Prud'hommeaux, Gavin Carothers. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-turtle-20140225/">RDF 1.1 Turtle: Terse RDF Triple Language.</a></cite> W3C Recommendation, 25 February 2014. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-turtle-20140225/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/REC-turtle-20140225/</a>. The latest edition is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/turtle/">http://www.w3.org/TR/turtle/</a>
+</dd></dl></section><section id="informative-references" typeof="bibo:Chapter" resource="#ref" rel="bibo:Chapter"><h3 aria-level="2" role="heading" id="h3_informative-references"><span class="secno">B.2 </span>Informative references</h3><dl class="bibliography" about=""><dt id="bib-RDF11-DATASETS">[RDF11-DATASETS]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:references">Antoine Zimmermann. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/NOTE-rdf11-datasets-20140225/">RDF 1.1: On Semantics of Datasets</a></cite>. W3C Working Group Note, 25 February 2014. The latest version is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-datasets/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-datasets/</a>.
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDF11-PRIMER">[RDF11-PRIMER]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:references">Guus Schreiber, Yves Raimond. <cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/NOTE-rdf11-primer-20140225/">RDF 1.1 Primer</a></cite>. W3C Working Group Note, 25 February 2014. The latest version is available at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-primer/">http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-primer/</a>.
+</dd><dt id="bib-SPARQL11-OVERVIEW">[SPARQL11-OVERVIEW]</dt><dd rel="dcterms:references">The W3C SPARQL Working Group. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/sparql11-overview/"><cite>SPARQL 1.1 Overview</cite></a>. 21 March 2013. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/sparql11-overview/">http://www.w3.org/TR/sparql11-overview/</a>
+</dd></dl></section></section></body></html>
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