prov: changeset 6077:c2142a33726d

--- a/model/Makefile	Mon Apr 08 22:25:29 2013 +0100
+++ b/model/Makefile	Mon Apr 08 22:46:17 2013 +0100
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@
 # http://phantomjs.org/download.html
 PHANTOM_JS=$(HOME)/Downloads/phantomjs-1.8.1-linux-x86_64/bin/phantomjs
 
+LOCATION=https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/prov/raw-file/default/model
 
 restage.all:
 	$(MAKE) stage.dm
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@
 	$(MAKE) DOCUMENT_TO_STAGE=prov-constraints.html  RELEASE_DIR=releases/REC-prov-constraints-20130430 stage.document.html
 
 stage.document.html:
-	$(PHANTOM_JS) respec2html.js $(DOCUMENT_TO_STAGE) $(RELEASE_DIR)/Overview.html 15
+	$(PHANTOM_JS) respec2html.js $(LOCATION)/$(DOCUMENT_TO_STAGE) $(RELEASE_DIR)/Overview.html 15
 
 stage.document.xhtml:
 	$(PHANTOM_JS) respec2xhtml.js $(DOCUMENT_TO_STAGE) $(RELEASE_DIR)/Overview.html

--- a/model/diff-n.html	Mon Apr 08 22:25:29 2013 +0100
+++ b/model/diff-n.html	Mon Apr 08 22:46:17 2013 +0100
@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
-<style type="text/css"><!--
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en" dir="ltr">
+<head><style type="text/css"><!--
 
 .insert { background-color: #aaffaa }
 .delete { background-color: #ff8888; text-decoration: line-through }
 .tagInsert { background-color: #007700; color: #ffffff }
 .tagDelete { background-color: #770000; color: #ffffff }
 
---></style>
-
- 
-<span class="delete">PROV-N: The Provenance Notation</span> 
- 
-
-
-<span class="delete">
+--></style> 
+<title>PROV-N: The Provenance Notation</title> 
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 
+<link rel="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#has_provenance" href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/provenance/prov-n">
+
+<style type="text/css">
 .note { font-size:small; margin-left:50px }
 table.thinborder {
 	border-width: 1px;
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 	border-style: solid;
 	border-color: gray;
 }
-</span>
+</style>
 
     
 
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 
      
 
-  <span class="delete">
+  <style type="text/css">
 /*****************************************************************
  * ReSpec CSS
  * Robin Berjon (robin at berjon dot com)
@@ -202,8 +202,8 @@
         margin: 1.5em 0.5em -1em 1em;
     }
 }
-</span>
-<span class="delete">
+</style>
+<style type="text/css">
 /* --- EDITORIAL NOTES --- */
 .pending {
     padding:    1em;
@@ -653,8 +653,8 @@
 }
 
 
-</span>
-  <span class="delete">/*****************************************************************
+</style>
+  <style>/*****************************************************************
  * ReSpec 3 CSS
  * Robin Berjon - http://berjon.com/
  *****************************************************************/
@@ -769,75 +769,90 @@
 .section dl.attrs dd, .section dl.eldef dd {
     margin-bottom:  0;
 }
-</span> 
-
-  
-  
+</style><link rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-REC"></head> 
+
+  <body><div class="head">
+  <p>
     
-      
+      <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img width="72" height="48" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" alt="W3C"></a>
     
+  </p>
+  <h1 class="title" id="title">PROV-N: The Provenance Notation</h1>
   
-  <span class="delete">PROV-N: The Provenance Notation</span>
-  
-  <span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete"> Proposed Recommendation 12 March 2013</span>
-  
+  <h2 id="w3c-recommendation-30-april-2013"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> <span class="delete">Proposed </span>Recommendation <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013</h2>
+  <dl>
     
-      <span class="delete">This version:</span>
-      <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-n-20130312/</span>
-      <span class="delete">Latest published version:</span>
-      <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-n/</span>
+      <dt>This version:</dt>
+      <dd><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-n-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/</span></a></dd>
+      <dt>Latest published version:</dt>
+      <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-n/">http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-n/</a></dd>
     
     
     
     
-      <span class="delete">Implementation report:</span>
-      <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-implementations-20130312/</span>
+      <dt>Implementation report:</dt>
+      <dd><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-implementations-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-implementations-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-implementations-20130430/</span></a></dd>
     
     
     
-      <span class="delete">Previous version:</span>
-      <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-prov-n-20121211/</span> <span class="delete">(color-coded diff)</span>
+      <dt>Previous version:</dt>
+      <dd><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-prov-n-20121211/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-n-20130312/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-n-20130312/</span></a> <a href="diff-n.html">(color-coded diff)</a></dd>
     
     
-    <span class="delete">Editors:</span>
-    <span class="delete">Luc Moreau</span><span class="delete">, University of Southampton</span>
-<span class="delete">Paolo Missier</span><span class="delete">, Newcastle University</span>
+    <dt>Editors:</dt>
+    <dd><a href="http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~lavm/">Luc Moreau</a>, University of Southampton</dd>
+<dd><a href="http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/Paolo.Missier">Paolo Missier</a>, Newcastle University</dd>
 
     
-      <span class="delete">Contributors:</span>
-      <span class="delete">James Cheney</span><span class="delete">, University of Edinburgh</span>
-<span class="delete">Stian Soiland-Reyes</span><span class="delete">, University of Manchester</span>
+      <dt>Contributors:</dt>
+      <dd><a href="http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/jcheney/">James Cheney</a>, University of Edinburgh</dd>
+<dd><a href="http://soiland-reyes.com/stian/">Stian Soiland-Reyes</a>, University of Manchester</dd>
 
     
-  
+  </dl>
   
   
   
   
     
       
-        <span class="delete">Copyright</span><span class="delete"> © 
+  
+    <p><span class="insert">
+      Please refer to the </span><a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/errata.html"><span class="insert">errata</span></a><span class="insert"> for this document, which may include some normative corrections.
+    </span></p>
+  
+  
+  
+    <p><span class="insert">
+      The English version of this specification is the only normative version. Non-normative 
+      </span><a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Translation/"><span class="insert">translations</span></a><span class="insert"> may also be available.
+    </span></p>
+  
+  
+    
+      <p class="copyright">
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a> © 
         2012-2013
         
-        </span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete">®</span><span class="delete"> 
-        (</span><span class="delete">MIT</span><span class="delete">,
-        </span><span class="delete">ERCIM</span><span class="delete">,
-        </span><span class="delete">Keio</span><span class="delete">, </span><span class="delete">Beihang</span><span class="delete">), All Rights Reserved.
-        </span><span class="delete">W3C</span> <span class="delete">liability</span><span class="delete">,
-        </span><span class="delete">trademark</span><span class="delete"> and
-        </span><span class="delete">document use</span><span class="delete"> rules apply.
-      </span>
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr></a><sup>®</sup> 
+        (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr></a>,
+        <a href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr></a>,
+        <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>, <a href="http://ev.buaa.edu.cn/">Beihang</a>), All Rights Reserved.
+        <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a> and
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document use</a> rules apply.
+      </p>
     
   
-  
- 
-    <span class="delete">Abstract</span>
-
-<span class="delete">
+  <hr>
+</div> 
+    <section id="abstract" class="introductory"><h2>Abstract</h2>
+
+<p>
 Provenance is information about entities, activities, and people
 involved in producing a piece of data or thing, which can be used
  to form assessments about its quality, reliability or trustworthiness.
-PROV-DM is the conceptual data model that forms a basis for the </span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete">
+PROV-DM is the conceptual data model that forms a basis for the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>
 provenance (PROV) family of specifications.
 PROV-DM distinguishes core structures, forming the essence of provenance information, from
 extended structures catering for more specific uses of provenance. 
@@ -848,54 +863,70 @@
 (4) a notion of bundle, a mechanism to support provenance of provenance; and,
 (5) properties to link entities that refer to the same thing;
 (6) collections forming a logical structure for its members.
-</span>
-<span class="delete">To provide examples of the PROV data model, the PROV notation (PROV-N) is introduced: aimed at human consumption, PROV-N allows serializations of PROV
+</p>
+<p>To provide examples of the PROV data model, the PROV notation (PROV-N) is introduced: aimed at human consumption, PROV-N allows serializations of PROV
 instances to be created in a compact manner. PROV-N facilitates the
 mapping of the PROV data model to concrete syntax, and is used as the basis for a
 formal semantics of PROV.  The purpose of this document is to define the PROV-N notation.
-</span>
-
-<span class="delete">The </span><span class="delete">PROV Document Overview</span><span class="delete"> describes the overall state of PROV, and should be read before other PROV documents.</span>
-    <span class="delete">Status of This Document</span>
+</p>
+
+<p>The <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/">PROV Document Overview</a> describes the overall state of PROV, and should be read before other PROV documents.</p>
+    </section><section id="sotd" class="introductory"><h2>Status of This Document</h2>
   
     
       
+        <p>
+          <em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other
+          documents may supersede this document. A list of current <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> publications and the latest revision
+          of this technical report can be found in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> technical reports
+          index</a> at http://www.w3.org/TR/.</em>
+        </p>
         
-          <span class="delete">This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other
-          documents may supersede this document. A list of current </span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete"> publications and the latest revision
-          of this technical report can be found in the </span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete"> technical reports
-          index</span><span class="delete"> at http://www.w3.org/TR/.</span>
+<h4 id="prov-family-of-documents">PROV Family of Documents</h4>
+This document is part of the PROV family of documents, a set of documents defining various aspects that are necessary to achieve the vision of inter-operable
+interchange of provenance information in heterogeneous environments such as the Web.  These documents are listed below. Please consult the [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-OVERVIEW">PROV-OVERVIEW</a></cite>] for a guide to reading these documents. 
+<ul>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/">PROV-OVERVIEW</a> <span class="delete">(To be published as Note),</span><span class="insert">(Note),</span> an overview of the PROV family of documents [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-OVERVIEW">PROV-OVERVIEW</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/">PROV-PRIMER</a> <span class="delete">(To be published as Note),</span><span class="insert">(Note),</span> a primer for the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-PRIMER">PROV-PRIMER</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/">PROV-O</a> <span class="delete">(Proposed Recommendation),</span><span class="insert">(Recommendation),</span> the PROV ontology, an OWL2 ontology allowing the mapping of <span class="insert">the </span>PROV<span class="insert"> data model</span> to RDF [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-O">PROV-O</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/">PROV-DM</a> <span class="delete">(Proposed Recommendation),</span><span class="insert">(Recommendation),</span> the PROV data model for provenance [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/">PROV-N</a> <span class="delete">(Proposed Recommendation),</span><span class="insert">(Recommendation),</span> a notation for provenance aimed at human consumption (this document);</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a> <span class="delete">(Proposed Recommendation),</span><span class="insert">(Recommendation),</span> a set of constraints applying to the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/">PROV-XML</a> <span class="delete">(To be published as Note),</span><span class="insert">(Note),</span>  an XML schema for the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-XML">PROV-XML</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/">PROV-AQ</a> <span class="delete">(To be published as Note), the</span><span class="insert">(Note),</span> mechanisms for accessing and querying provenance [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-AQ">PROV-AQ</a></cite>]; </li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/">PROV-DICTIONARY</a> <span class="delete">(To be published as Note)</span><span class="insert">(Note)</span> introduces a specific type of collection, consisting of key-entity pairs [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DICTIONARY">PROV-DICTIONARY</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/">PROV-DC</a> <span class="delete">(To be published as Note)</span><span class="insert">(Note)</span> provides a mapping between <span class="delete">PROV</span><span class="insert">PROV-O</span> and Dublic Core Terms [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DC">PROV-DC</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430/">PROV-SEM</a> <span class="delete">(To be published as Note),</span><span class="insert">(Note),</span> a declarative specification in terms of first-order logic of the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-SEM">PROV-SEM</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/">PROV-LINKS</a> <span class="delete">(To be published as Note)</span><span class="insert">(Note)</span> introduces a mechanism to link across bundles [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-LINKS">PROV-LINKS</a></cite>].</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4 id="endorsed-by-w3c"><span class="insert">Endorsed By </span><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr><span class="delete"> Members Please Review By 09 April 2013</span></h4>
+
+<p><span class="delete">The</span><span class="insert">This document has been reviewed by</span> <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> <span class="delete">Director seeks review</span><span class="insert">Members, by software developers,</span> and <span class="delete">feedback from</span><span class="insert">by other</span> <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> <span class="delete">Advisory Committee representatives</span><span class="insert">groups and interested parties, and is endorsed</span> by <span class="delete">09 April 2013. This will allow </span>the Director<span class="delete"> to assess consensus and determine whether to issue this document</span> as a <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Recommendation.<span class="insert"> It is a stable document and may be used as reference material or cited from another document. </span><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium"><span class="insert">W3C</span></abbr><span class="insert">'s role in making the Recommendation is to draw attention to the specification and to promote its widespread deployment. This enhances the functionality and interoperability of the Web.</span></p>
+
+<h4 id="please-send-comments"><span class="insert">Please Send Comments</span></h4>
+
+        <p><span class="delete">Others are encouraged</span><span class="insert">
+          This document was published</span> by the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/">Provenance Working Group</a><span class="insert"> as a Recommendation.
+          
+          
+          If you wish</span> to <span class="delete">continue</span><span class="insert">make comments regarding this document, please send them</span> to<span class="delete"> send reports of implementation experience, and other feedback, to
+</span> 
+          <a href="mailto:public-prov-comments@w3.org">public-prov-comments@w3.org</a> 
+          (<a href="mailto:public-prov-comments-request@w3.org?subject=subscribe">subscribe</a>,
+          <a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-prov-comments/">archives</a>).<span class="delete"> Open discussion among developers is also welcome at
+</span><span class="delete">public-prov-comments@w3.org</span><span class="delete"> 
+          (</span><span class="delete">subscribe</span><span class="delete">,
+          </span><span class="delete">archives</span><span class="delete">).</span><span class="insert">
+          
+          
+          
+          
+        All comments are welcome.
         
         
-<span class="delete">PROV Family of Documents</span><span class="delete">
-This document is part of the PROV family of documents, a set of documents defining various aspects that are necessary to achieve the vision of inter-operable
-interchange of provenance information in heterogeneous environments such as the Web.  These documents are listed below. Please consult the [</span><span class="delete">PROV-OVERVIEW</span><span class="delete">] for a guide to reading these documents. 
-</span>
- <span class="delete">PROV-OVERVIEW</span><span class="delete"> (To be published as Note), an overview of the PROV family of documents [</span><span class="delete">PROV-OVERVIEW</span><span class="delete">];</span>
- <span class="delete">PROV-PRIMER</span><span class="delete"> (To be published as Note), a primer for the PROV data model [</span><span class="delete">PROV-PRIMER</span><span class="delete">];</span>
- <span class="delete">PROV-O</span><span class="delete"> (Proposed Recommendation), the PROV ontology, an OWL2 ontology allowing the mapping of PROV to RDF [</span><span class="delete">PROV-O</span><span class="delete">];</span>
- <span class="delete">PROV-DM</span><span class="delete"> (Proposed Recommendation), the PROV data model for provenance [</span><span class="delete">PROV-DM</span><span class="delete">];</span>
- <span class="delete">PROV-N</span><span class="delete"> (Proposed Recommendation), a notation for provenance aimed at human consumption (this document);</span>
- <span class="delete">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</span><span class="delete"> (Proposed Recommendation), a set of constraints applying to the PROV data model [</span><span class="delete">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</span><span class="delete">];</span>
- <span class="delete">PROV-XML</span><span class="delete"> (To be published as Note),  an XML schema for the PROV data model [</span><span class="delete">PROV-XML</span><span class="delete">];</span>
- <span class="delete">PROV-AQ</span><span class="delete"> (To be published as Note), the mechanisms for accessing and querying provenance [</span><span class="delete">PROV-AQ</span><span class="delete">]; </span>
- <span class="delete">PROV-DICTIONARY</span><span class="delete"> (To be published as Note) introduces a specific type of collection, consisting of key-entity pairs [</span><span class="delete">PROV-DICTIONARY</span><span class="delete">];</span>
- <span class="delete">PROV-DC</span><span class="delete"> (To be published as Note) provides a mapping between PROV and Dublic Core Terms [</span><span class="delete">PROV-DC</span><span class="delete">];</span>
- <span class="delete">PROV-SEM</span><span class="delete"> (To be published as Note), a declarative specification in terms of first-order logic of the PROV data model [</span><span class="delete">PROV-SEM</span><span class="delete">];</span>
- <span class="delete">PROV-LINKS</span><span class="delete"> (To be published as Note) introduces a mechanism to link across bundles [</span><span class="delete">PROV-LINKS</span><span class="delete">].</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete"> Members Please Review By 09 April 2013</span>
-
-<span class="delete">The </span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete"> Director seeks review and feedback from </span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete"> Advisory Committee representatives by 09 April 2013. This will allow the Director to assess consensus and determine whether to issue this document as a </span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete"> Recommendation.</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Others are encouraged by the Provenance Working Group to continue to send reports of implementation experience, and other feedback, to
-</span><span class="delete">public-prov-comments@w3.org</span><span class="delete"> 
-          (</span><span class="delete">subscribe</span><span class="delete">,
-          </span><span class="delete">archives</span><span class="delete">). Open discussion among developers is also welcome at
-</span><span class="delete">public-prov-comments@w3.org</span><span class="delete"> 
-          (</span><span class="delete">subscribe</span><span class="delete">,
-          </span><span class="delete">archives</span><span class="delete">).</span>
+        
+        </span></p>
 
         <span class="delete">
           This document was published by the </span><span class="delete">Provenance Working Group</span><span class="delete"> as a Proposed Recommendation.
@@ -928,826 +959,827 @@
           </span>
         
         
-        <span class="delete">
+        <p>
           
             This document was produced by a group operating under the 
-            </span><span class="delete">5 February 2004 </span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete"> Patent Policy</span><span class="delete">.
+            <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February 2004 <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Patent Policy</a>.
           
           
           
             
-              </span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete"> maintains a </span><span class="delete">public list of any patent disclosures</span><span class="delete"> 
+              <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> maintains a <a href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/46974/status" rel="disclosure">public list of any patent disclosures</a> 
             
             made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for 
             disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains
-            </span><span class="delete">Essential Claim(s)</span><span class="delete"> must disclose the
-            information in accordance with </span><span class="delete">section
-            6 of the </span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete"> Patent Policy</span><span class="delete">.
+            <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential Claim(s)</a> must disclose the
+            information in accordance with <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section
+            6 of the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Patent Policy</a>.
           
           
-        </span>
+        </p>
         
       
     
   
-<span class="delete">Table of Contents</span><span class="delete">1. </span><span class="delete">Introduction</span><span class="delete">1.1 </span><span class="delete">Purpose of this Document and Target Audience</span><span class="delete">1.2 </span><span class="delete">Compliance with this Document</span><span class="delete">1.3 </span><span class="delete">Structure of this Document</span><span class="delete">1.4 </span><span class="delete">Notational Conventions</span><span class="delete">2. </span><span class="delete">General grammar considerations</span><span class="delete">2.1 </span><span class="delete">Functional-style Syntax</span><span class="delete">2.2 </span><span class="delete">EBNF Grammar</span><span class="delete">2.3 </span><span class="delete">Main Productions</span><span class="delete">2.4 </span><span class="delete">Optional terms in expressions</span><span class="delete">2.5 </span><span class="delete">Identifiers and attributes</span><span class="delete">2.6 </span><span class="delete">Comments</span><span class="delete">3. </span><span class="delete">PROV-N Productions per Component</span><span class="delete">3.1 </span><span class="delete">Component 1: Entities and Activities</span><span class="delete">3.1.1 </span><span class="delete">Entity</span><span class="delete">3.1.2 </span><span class="delete">Activity</span><span class="delete">3.1.3 </span><span class="delete">Generation</span><span class="delete">3.1.4 </span><span class="delete">Usage</span><span class="delete">3.1.5 </span><span class="delete">Communication</span><span class="delete">3.1.6 </span><span class="delete">Start</span><span class="delete">3.1.7 </span><span class="delete">End</span><span class="delete">3.1.8 </span><span class="delete">Invalidation</span><span class="delete">3.2 </span><span class="delete">Component 2: Derivations</span><span class="delete">3.2.1 </span><span class="delete">Derivation</span><span class="delete">3.2.2 </span><span class="delete">Revision</span><span class="delete">3.2.3 </span><span class="delete">Quotation</span><span class="delete">3.2.4 </span><span class="delete">Primary Source</span><span class="delete">3.3 </span><span class="delete">Component 3: Agents, Responsibility, and Influence</span><span class="delete">3.3.1 </span><span class="delete">Agent</span><span class="delete">3.3.2 </span><span class="delete">Attribution</span><span class="delete">3.3.3 </span><span class="delete">Association</span><span class="delete">3.3.4 </span><span class="delete">Delegation</span><span class="delete">3.3.5 </span><span class="delete">Influence</span><span class="delete">3.4 </span><span class="delete">Component 4: Bundles</span><span class="delete">3.4.1 </span><span class="delete">Bundle Constructor</span><span class="delete">3.4.2 </span><span class="delete">Bundle Type</span><span class="delete">3.5 </span><span class="delete">Component 5: Alternate Entities</span><span class="delete">3.5.1 </span><span class="delete">Alternate</span><span class="delete">3.5.2 </span><span class="delete">Specialization</span><span class="delete">3.6 </span><span class="delete">Component 6: Collections</span><span class="delete">3.6.1 </span><span class="delete">Collection</span><span class="delete">3.6.2 </span><span class="delete">Membership</span><span class="delete">3.7 </span><span class="delete">Further Expressions</span><span class="delete">3.7.1 </span><span class="delete">Identifier</span><span class="delete">3.7.2 </span><span class="delete">Attribute</span><span class="delete">3.7.3 </span><span class="delete">Literal</span><span class="delete">3.7.3.1 </span><span class="delete">Reserved Type Values</span><span class="delete">3.7.3.2 </span><span class="delete">Time Values</span><span class="delete">3.7.4 </span><span class="delete">Namespace Declaration</span><span class="delete">3.7.5 </span><span class="delete">Summary of additional semantic rules</span><span class="delete">4. </span><span class="delete">Document</span><span class="delete">5. </span><span class="delete">Extensibility</span><span class="delete">6. </span><span class="delete">Media Type</span><span class="delete">A. </span><span class="delete">Change Log</span><span class="delete">A.1 </span><span class="delete">Changes since Candidate Recommendation</span><span class="delete">A.2 </span><span class="delete">Changes since last call</span><span class="delete">B. </span><span class="delete">Acknowledgements</span><span class="delete">C. </span><span class="delete">References</span><span class="delete">C.1 </span><span class="delete">Normative references</span><span class="delete">C.2 </span><span class="delete">Informative references</span> 
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 
-<span class="delete">1. </span><span class="delete">Introduction</span>
-
-<span class="delete"> Provenance is a record that describes the people,
+</section><section id="toc"><h2 class="introductory">Table of Contents</h2><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#introduction" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#purpose" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.1 </span>Purpose of this Document and Target Audience</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#compliance-with-this-document" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.2 </span>Compliance with this Document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#structure-of-this-document" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.3 </span>Structure of this Document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#notational-conventions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.4 </span>Notational Conventions</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#general-conventions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2. </span>General grammar considerations</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#functional-syntax" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.1 </span>Functional-style Syntax</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#grammar-notation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.2 </span>EBNF Grammar</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#main-productions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.3 </span>Main Productions</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#prov-n-optionals" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.4 </span>Optional terms in expressions</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#prov-n-standard-terms" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.5 </span>Identifiers and attributes</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#comments" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.6 </span>Comments</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#prov-n-expressions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3. </span>PROV-N Productions per Component</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#component1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1 </span>Component 1: Entities and Activities</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Entity" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.1 </span>Entity</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Activity" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.2 </span>Activity</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Generation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.3 </span>Generation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Usage" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.4 </span>Usage</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-wasInformedBy" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.5 </span>Communication</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Start" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.6 </span>Start</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-End" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.7 </span>End</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Invalidation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.8 </span>Invalidation</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component2" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2 </span>Component 2: Derivations</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#Derivation-Relation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.1 </span>Derivation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Revision" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.2 </span>Revision</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-quotation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.3 </span>Quotation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-primary-source" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.4 </span>Primary Source</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component3" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3 </span>Component 3: Agents, Responsibility, and Influence</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Agent" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.1 </span>Agent</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-attribution" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.2 </span>Attribution</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Association" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.3 </span>Association</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-delegation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.4 </span>Delegation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-influence" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.5 </span>Influence</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component4" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.4 </span>Component 4: Bundles</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-bundle-constructor" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.4.1 </span>Bundle Constructor</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-bundle-type" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.4.2 </span>Bundle Type</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component5" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.5 </span>Component 5: Alternate Entities</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-alternate" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.5.1 </span>Alternate</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-specialization" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.5.2 </span>Specialization</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component6" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.6 </span>Component 6: Collections</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-collection" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.6.1 </span>Collection</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-collection-membership" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.6.2 </span>Membership</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#subexpressions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7 </span>Further Expressions</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-identifier" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.1 </span>Identifier</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-attribute" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.2 </span>Attribute</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-literal" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.3 </span>Literal</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-types" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.3.1 </span>Reserved Type Values</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Time" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.3.2 </span>Time Values</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-NamespaceDeclaration" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.4 </span>Namespace Declaration</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#semantic-rules-summary" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.5 </span>Summary of additional semantic rules</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#document" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4. </span>Document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#extensibility" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5. </span>Extensibility</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#media-type" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">6. </span>Media Type</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#change-log" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A. </span>Change Log</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#changes-since-proposed-recommendation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno"><span class="insert">A.1 </span></span><span class="insert">Changes since Proposed Recommendation</span></a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#changes-since-candidate-recommendation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno"><span class="delete">A.1</span><span class="insert">A.2</span> </span>Changes since Candidate Recommendation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#changes-since-last-call" class="tocxref"><span class="secno"><span class="delete">A.2</span><span class="insert">A.3</span> </span>Changes since last call</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#acknowledgements" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B. </span>Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">C. </span>References</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#normative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">C.1 </span>Normative references</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#informative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">C.2 </span>Informative references</a></li></ul></li></ul></section> 
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="introduction"> 
+<h2><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</h2>
+
+<p> Provenance is a record that describes the people,
 institutions, entities, and activities, involved in producing,
 influencing, or delivering a piece of data or a thing in the world.  Two
 companion specifications respectively define PROV-DM, a data model for
-provenance, allowing provenance descriptions to be expressed  [</span><span class="delete">PROV-DM</span><span class="delete">]  and a set of constraints that provenance descriptions are expected to satisfy   [</span><span class="delete">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</span><span class="delete">].
-</span>
-
- 
-<span class="delete">1.1 </span><span class="delete">Purpose of this Document and Target Audience</span><span class="delete">
+provenance, allowing provenance descriptions to be expressed  [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>]  and a set of constraints that provenance descriptions are expected to satisfy   [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>].
+</p>
+
+<section id="purpose"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">1.1 </span>Purpose of this Document and Target Audience</h3>
 
 A key goal of PROV is the specification of a machine-processable data model for provenance. However, communicating provenance between humans is also important when teaching, illustrating, formalizing, and discussing provenance-related issues. 
 
 
 
 With these two requirements in mind, this document introduces PROV-N, the PROV notation, a syntax designed to  write instances of the PROV data model according to the following design principles:
-</span>
-<span class="delete">Technology independence. PROV-N provides a simple syntax that can be mapped to several technologies.
-
-</span><span class="delete">Human readability. PROV-N follows a functional syntax style that is meant to be easily human-readable so it can be used in illustrative examples, such as those presented in the PROV documents suite
-
-</span><span class="delete">Formality. PROV-N is defined through a formal grammar amenable to be used with parser generators.
-
- </span><span class="delete">
+<ul>
+<li>Technology independence. PROV-N provides a simple syntax that can be mapped to several technologies.
+
+</li><li>Human readability. PROV-N follows a functional syntax style that is meant to be easily human-readable so it can be used in illustrative examples, such as those presented in the PROV documents suite
+
+</li><li>Formality. PROV-N is defined through a formal grammar amenable to be used with parser generators.
+
+ </li></ul>
   
 PROV-N has several known uses:
-</span>
-<span class="delete"> It is the notation used in the examples found in  [</span><span class="delete">PROV-DM</span><span class="delete">], as well as in the definition of PROV constraints [</span><span class="delete">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</span><span class="delete">]; </span>
-<span class="delete">  It is a source language for the encoding of PROV data model instances into a variety of target languages, including amongst others  RDF [</span><span class="delete">PROV-RDF</span><span class="delete">] and XML [</span><span class="delete">PROV-XML</span><span class="delete">]; </span>
-<span class="delete"> It provides the basis for a formal semantics of the PROV data model  [</span><span class="delete">PROV-SEM</span><span class="delete">], in which an interpretation is given to each element of the PROV-N language.
-</span>
-
-<span class="delete">This document introduces the PROV-N grammar along with examples of its usage.</span>
-<span class="delete">Its target audience is twofold:
-</span>
-<span class="delete">Developers of provenance management applications, as well as implementors of new PROV data model encodings, and thus in particular of PROV-N parsers. These readers may be interested in the entire structure of the grammar, starting from the top level nonterminal 
-</span><span class="delete">document</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-<span class="delete">Readers of the  [</span><span class="delete">PROV-DM</span><span class="delete">] and of  [</span><span class="delete">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</span><span class="delete">] documents, who are interested in the details of the formal language underpinning the notation used in the examples and in the definition of the constraints. Those readers may find the  </span><span class="delete">expression</span><span class="delete"> nonterminal a useful entry point into the grammar.</span>
-
-
-
-
- 
-<span class="delete">1.2 </span><span class="delete">Compliance with this Document</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">For the purpose of compliance, all sections of this document are normative, except 
-</span><span class="delete">Appendix A</span><span class="delete">, 
-</span><span class="delete">Appendix B</span><span class="delete">,  and
-</span><span class="delete">Appendix C.2</span><span class="delete">.
-</span>
-<span class="delete"> Information in tables is normative. </span>
-<span class="delete"> Text in boxes labeled "Example" is informative.
-</span><span class="delete"> Productions (displayed in boxes) are normative, as opposed to the separate </span><span class="delete">file</span><span class="delete"> grouping  all productions for convenience of programmers, which is informative.
-</span>
-
-
-
-     
-<span class="delete">1.3 </span><span class="delete">Structure of this Document</span>
-
-<span class="delete">This document is structured as follows.
-
-</span><span class="delete">Section 2</span><span class="delete"> provides general consideration about the PROV-N grammar.</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Section 3</span><span class="delete"> presents the grammar of all expressions of the language grouped according to the PROV data model components.</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Section 4</span><span class="delete"> defines the grammar of document, a house-keeping construct of PROV-N capable of packaging up PROV-N expressions and namespace declarations.</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Section 5</span><span class="delete"> defines the extensibility mechanism for the PROV-N notation.</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Section 6</span><span class="delete"> defines media type for the PROV-N notation.</span>
-
-
-     
-
-
-
- <span class="delete">1.4 </span><span class="delete">Notational Conventions</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">The key words "</span><span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete">", "</span><span class="delete">MUST NOT</span><span class="delete">", "</span><span class="delete">REQUIRED</span><span class="delete">", "</span><span class="delete">SHALL</span><span class="delete">", "</span><span class="delete">SHALL
-      NOT</span><span class="delete">", "</span><span class="delete">SHOULD</span><span class="delete">", "</span><span class="delete">SHOULD NOT</span><span class="delete">", "</span><span class="delete">RECOMMENDED</span><span class="delete">",  "</span><span class="delete">MAY</span><span class="delete">", and
-      "</span><span class="delete">OPTIONAL</span><span class="delete">" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
-      [</span><span class="delete">RFC2119</span><span class="delete">].</span>
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">
+<ul>
+<li> It is the notation used in the examples found in  [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>], as well as in the definition of PROV constraints [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>]; </li>
+<li>  It is a source language for the encoding of PROV data model instances into a variety of target languages, including amongst others  RDF [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-RDF">PROV-RDF</a></cite>] and XML [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-XML">PROV-XML</a></cite>]; </li>
+<li> It provides the basis for a formal semantics of the PROV data model  [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-SEM">PROV-SEM</a></cite>], in which an interpretation is given to each element of the PROV-N language.
+</li></ul>
+
+<p>This document introduces the PROV-N grammar along with examples of its usage.</p>
+<p>Its target audience is twofold:
+</p><ul>
+<li>Developers of provenance management applications, as well as implementors of new PROV data model encodings, and thus in particular of PROV-N parsers. These readers may be interested in the entire structure of the grammar, starting from the top level nonterminal 
+<code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-document">document</a></code>.</li>
+<li>Readers of the  [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>] and of  [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>] documents, who are interested in the details of the formal language underpinning the notation used in the examples and in the definition of the constraints. Those readers may find the  <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code> nonterminal a useful entry point into the grammar.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="compliance-with-this-document"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">1.2 </span>Compliance with this Document</h3>
+
+
+<p>For the purpose of compliance, all sections of this document are normative, except 
+<a href="#change-log">Appendix A</a>, 
+<a href="#acknowledgements">Appendix B</a>,  and
+<a href="#informative-references">Appendix C.2</a>.
+</p><ul>
+<li> Information in tables is normative. </li>
+<li> Text in boxes labeled "Example" is informative.
+</li><li> Productions (displayed in boxes) are normative, as opposed to the separate <a href="grammar.txt">file</a> grouping  all productions for convenience of programmers, which is informative.
+</li></ul>
+</section>
+
+
+    <section id="structure-of-this-document"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">1.3 </span>Structure of this Document</h3>
+
+<p>This document is structured as follows.
+
+</p><p><a href="#general-conventions">Section 2</a> provides general consideration about the PROV-N grammar.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#prov-n-expressions">Section 3</a> presents the grammar of all expressions of the language grouped according to the PROV data model components.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#document">Section 4</a> defines the grammar of document, a house-keeping construct of PROV-N capable of packaging up PROV-N expressions and namespace declarations.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#extensibility">Section 5</a> defines the extensibility mechanism for the PROV-N notation.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#media-type">Section 6</a> defines media type for the PROV-N notation.</p>
+
+
+    </section> 
+
+
+<section id="notational-conventions">
+ <h3><span class="secno">1.4 </span>Notational Conventions</h3>
+
+
+<p>The key words "<em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="MUST NOT">MUST NOT</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="REQUIRED">REQUIRED</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="SHALL">SHALL</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="SHALL
+      NOT">SHALL
+      NOT</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="SHOULD">SHOULD</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="SHOULD NOT">SHOULD NOT</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="RECOMMENDED">RECOMMENDED</em>",  "<em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em>", and
+      "<em class="rfc2119" title="OPTIONAL">OPTIONAL</em>" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
+      [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC2119">RFC2119</a></cite>].</p>
+
+
+
+
+<p>
 The following namespaces prefixes are used throughout this document.
 
-</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Table 1: Prefix and Namespaces used in this specification</span>
-<span class="delete">prefix</span><span class="delete">namespace uri</span> <span class="delete">definition</span>
-<span class="delete">prov</span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#</span><span class="delete">The PROV namespace (see Section </span><span class="delete">3.7.4</span><span class="delete">)</span>
-<span class="delete">xsd</span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/2000/10/XMLSchema#</span><span class="delete">XML Schema Namespace [</span><span class="delete">XMLSCHEMA11-2</span><span class="delete">]</span>
-<span class="delete">(others)</span><span class="delete">(various)</span><span class="delete">All other namespace prefixes are used in examples only. </span><span class="delete"> In particular, URIs starting with "http://example.com" represent</span><span class="delete"> some application-dependent URI [</span><span class="delete">RFC3986</span><span class="delete">]</span>
-
-
-
- 
-
- 
-
-
-<span class="delete">2. </span><span class="delete">General grammar considerations</span>
-
-<span class="delete">For convenience, all productions presented in this document have been grouped in a
-separate </span><span class="delete">file</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-
- 
-<span class="delete">2.1 </span><span class="delete">Functional-style Syntax</span>
-
-<span class="delete"> PROV-N adopts a functional-style syntax consisting of a predicate name and an ordered list of terms.</span>
-
-<span class="delete">
-All PROV data model types have an identifier. Furthermore, some expressions also admit additional elements that further characterize it. </span>
-<span class="delete">Example 1</span>
-<span class="delete">The following expression should be read as "entity </span><span class="delete">e1</span><span class="delete">". 
-</span><span class="delete">entity(e1)
-</span>
-  
-<span class="delete">Example 2</span>
-<span class="delete">The following expression should be read as "activity </span><span class="delete">a2</span><span class="delete">, which occurred
-between </span><span class="delete">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span><span class="delete"> and </span><span class="delete">2011-11-16T16:00:01</span><span class="delete">". 
-</span><span class="delete">entity(e1)
+</p><div style="text-align: left;">
+<table border="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<caption id="namespace-table">Table 1: Prefix and Namespaces used in this specification</caption>
+<tbody><tr><td><b>prefix</b></td><td><b>namespace uri</b></td> <td><b>definition</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td>prov</td><td>http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#</td><td>The PROV namespace (see Section <a href="#expression-NamespaceDeclaration">3.7.4</a>)</td></tr>
+<tr><td>xsd</td><td>http://www.w3.org/2000/10/XMLSchema#</td><td>XML Schema Namespace [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-XMLSCHEMA11-2">XMLSCHEMA11-2</a></cite>]</td></tr>
+<tr><td>(others)</td><td>(various)</td><td>All other namespace prefixes are used in examples only. <br> In particular, URIs starting with "http://example.com" represent<br> some application-dependent URI [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3986">RFC3986</a></cite>]</td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+</section> 
+
+</section> 
+
+<section id="general-conventions">
+<h2><span class="secno">2. </span>General grammar considerations</h2>
+
+<p>For convenience, all productions presented in this document have been grouped in a
+separate <a href="grammar.txt">file</a>.</p>
+
+<section id="functional-syntax"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">2.1 </span>Functional-style Syntax</h3>
+
+<p> PROV-N adopts a functional-style syntax consisting of a predicate name and an ordered list of terms.</p>
+
+<p>
+All PROV data model types have an identifier. Furthermore, some expressions also admit additional elements that further characterize it. </p>
+<div class="anexample" id="example_1"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_1">Example 1</a></div>
+<p>The following expression should be read as "entity <span class="name">e1</span>". 
+</p><pre class="codeexample">entity(e1)
+</pre>
+  </div>
+<div class="anexample" id="example_2"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_2">Example 2</a></div>
+<p>The following expression should be read as "activity <span class="name">a2</span>, which occurred
+between <code>2011-11-16T16:00:00</code> and <code>2011-11-16T16:00:01</code>". 
+</p><pre class="codeexample">entity(e1)
 activity(a2, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, 2011-11-16T16:00:01)
-</span>
-  
-
-<span class="delete">
-All PROV data model relations involve two primary elements, the </span><span class="delete">subject</span><span class="delete"> and the </span><span class="delete">object</span><span class="delete">, in this order. Furthermore, some expressions also admit additional elements that further characterize it.
-</span><span class="delete">Example 3</span>
-<span class="delete">The following expression should be read as "</span><span class="delete">e2</span><span class="delete"> was derived from </span><span class="delete">e1</span><span class="delete">". Here </span><span class="delete">e2</span><span class="delete"> is the subject, and  </span><span class="delete">e1</span><span class="delete"> is the object.
-</span><span class="delete">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
-</span>
+</pre>
+  </div>
+
+<p>
+All PROV data model relations involve two primary elements, the <em>subject</em> and the <em>object</em>, in this order. Furthermore, some expressions also admit additional elements that further characterize it.
+</p><div class="anexample" id="example_3"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_3">Example 3</a></div>
+<p>The following expression should be read as "<span class="name">e2</span> was derived from <span class="name">e1</span>". Here <span class="name">e2</span> is the subject, and  <span class="name">e1</span> is the object.
+</p><pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
+</pre>
+  </div>
   
-  
-<span class="delete">Example 4</span>
-<span class="delete">The following expression expands the above derivation relation by providing
-additional elements the optional activity </span><span class="delete">a</span><span class="delete">, the generation </span><span class="delete">g2</span><span class="delete">, and the usage </span><span class="delete">u1</span><span class="delete">:
-</span><span class="delete">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">2.2 </span><span class="delete">EBNF Grammar</span>
-
-<span class="delete">The grammar is specified using a subset of the Extended Backus-Naur
+<div class="anexample" id="example_4"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_4">Example 4</a></div>
+<p>The following expression expands the above derivation relation by providing
+additional elements the optional activity <span class="name">a</span>, the generation <span class="name">g2</span>, and the usage <span class="name">u1</span>:
+</p><pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="grammar-notation">
+<h3><span class="secno">2.2 </span>EBNF Grammar</h3>
+
+<p>The grammar is specified using a subset of the Extended Backus-Naur
 Form (EBNF) notation, as defined in Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1
-[</span><span class="delete">XML11</span><span class="delete">] section </span><span class="delete">6
-Notation</span><span class="delete">.
-</span>
-
-<span class="delete">
+[<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-XML11">XML11</a></cite>] section <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816/#sec-notation">6
+Notation</a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
 The text below provides an introduction to the EBNF notation used in
-this document.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">
-  EBNF specifies a series of production rules (</span><span class="delete">production</span><span class="delete">). 
-A production rule in the grammar defines a symbol 
- </span><span class="delete">expr</span><span class="delete">  (</span><span class="delete">nonterminal symbol</span><span class="delete">)
-  using the following form:</span>
-
-
-
- <span class="delete">expr</span><span class="delete"> &nbsp;::= </span><span class="delete">term</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Symbols are written with an initial capital letter if they are the start symbol of a regular language, otherwise with an initial lowercase letter. 
+this document.</p>
+
+
+<p>
+  EBNF specifies a series of production rules (<dfn id="dfn-production">production</dfn>). 
 A production rule in the grammar defines a symbol 
- </span><span class="delete">&lt;TERMINAL&gt;</span><span class="delete">  (</span><span class="delete">terminal symbol</span><span class="delete">)
-  using the following form:</span>
-
- <span class="delete">&lt;TERMINAL&gt;</span><span class="delete"> &nbsp;::= </span><span class="delete">term</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Within the term on the right-hand side of a rule, the following
-</span><span class="delete">term</span><span class="delete">s are used to match strings of one or more characters:
-</span>
- 
- <span class="delete">expr</span><span class="delete">: matches production for nonterminal symbol </span><span class="delete">expr</span>
-
-
-
- 
- <span class="delete">TERMINAL</span><span class="delete">: matches production for terminal symbol </span><span class="delete">TERMINAL</span>
-
-
- 
- <span class="delete">"abc"</span><span class="delete">: matches the literal string inside the single quotes.
-</span>
-
-
- 
- <span class="delete">(term)?</span><span class="delete">: optional, matches </span><span class="delete">term</span><span class="delete"> or nothing.
-</span>
-
- 
- <span class="delete">(term)+</span><span class="delete">: matches one or more occurrences of </span><span class="delete">term</span><span class="delete">.
-</span>
-
- 
- <span class="delete">(term)*</span><span class="delete">: matches zero or more occurrences of </span><span class="delete">term</span><span class="delete">.
-</span>
-
- 
- <span class="delete">(term | term)</span><span class="delete">: matches one of the two </span><span class="delete">terms</span><span class="delete">.
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Where suitable, the PROV-N grammar reuses production and terminal names of the SPARQL grammar [</span><span class="delete">RDF-SPARQL-QUERY</span><span class="delete">].</span>
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">2.3 </span><span class="delete">Main Productions</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Two productions are entry points to the grammar.</span>
-
-<span class="delete">The production </span><span class="delete">expression</span><span class="delete">
-provides the structure for the </span><span class="delete">core expressions</span><span class="delete"> of PROV-N. 
-
-
-
-
-</span>
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">2</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">expression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">( </span><span class="delete">entityExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">activityExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">generationExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">usageExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">startExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">endExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">invalidationExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">communicationExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">agentExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">associationExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">attributionExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">delegationExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">derivationExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">influenceExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">alternateExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">specializationExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">membershipExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">extensibilityExpression</span><span class="delete"> )</span>  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Each of the symbols included in </span><span class="delete">expression</span><span class="delete"> above, i.e., </span><span class="delete">entityExpression</span><span class="delete">,  </span><span class="delete">activityExpression</span><span class="delete"> etc., corresponds to one concept (e.g., Entity, Activity, etc.) of the PROV data model.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Alternatively,  the production rule </span><span class="delete">document</span><span class="delete">
+ <code class="grammarRef">expr</code>  (<dfn id="dfn-nonterminal-symbol">nonterminal symbol</dfn>)
+  using the following form:</p>
+
+
+<div class="grammar">
+ <code class="grammarRef">expr</code> &nbsp;::= <em>term</em>
+</div>
+<p>Symbols are written with an initial capital letter if they are the start symbol of a regular language, otherwise with an initial lowercase letter. 
+A production rule in the grammar defines a symbol 
+ <code class="grammarRef">&lt;TERMINAL&gt;</code>  (<dfn id="dfn-terminal-symbol">terminal symbol</dfn>)
+  using the following form:</p>
+<div class="grammar">
+ <code class="grammarRef">&lt;TERMINAL&gt;</code> &nbsp;::= <em>term</em>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+<p>Within the term on the right-hand side of a rule, the following
+<em>term</em>s are used to match strings of one or more characters:
+</p><ul>
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">expr</code>: matches production for nonterminal symbol <code class="grammarRef">expr</code>
+</li>
+
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">TERMINAL</code>: matches production for terminal symbol <code class="grammarRef">TERMINAL</code>
+</li>
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">"abc"</code>: matches the literal string inside the single quotes.
+</li>
+
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">(term)?</code>: optional, matches <em>term</em> or nothing.
+</li>
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">(term)+</code>: matches one or more occurrences of <em>term</em>.
+</li>
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">(term)*</code>: matches zero or more occurrences of <em>term</em>.
+</li>
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">(term | term)</code>: matches one of the two <em>terms</em>.
+</li>
+
+</ul>
+
+
+<p>Where suitable, the PROV-N grammar reuses production and terminal names of the SPARQL grammar [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF-SPARQL-QUERY">RDF-SPARQL-QUERY</a></cite>].</p>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="main-productions">
+<h3><span class="secno">2.3 </span>Main Productions</h3>
+
+<p>Two productions are entry points to the grammar.</p>
+
+<p>The production <code class="grammarRef"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code>
+provides the structure for the <em>core expressions</em> of PROV-N. 
+
+
+
+
+</p><table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-expression" data-name="prod-expression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">2</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">expression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-activityExpression">activityExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-generationExpression">generationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-usageExpression">usageExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-startExpression">startExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-endExpression">endExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-invalidationExpression">invalidationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-communicationExpression">communicationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agentExpression">agentExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-associationExpression">associationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attributionExpression">attributionExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-delegationExpression">delegationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-derivationExpression">derivationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-influenceExpression">influenceExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-alternateExpression">alternateExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-specializationExpression">specializationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-membershipExpression">membershipExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></span> )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>Each of the symbols included in <code>expression</code> above, i.e., <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></code>,  <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-activityExpression">activityExpression</a></code> etc., corresponds to one concept (e.g., Entity, Activity, etc.) of the PROV data model.</p>
+
+
+<p>Alternatively,  the production rule <code><a href="#prod-document"><span class="grammarRef">document</span></a></code>
 provides the overall structure of PROV-N descriptions.  It is a wrapper  for
- a set of expressions, such that the text for an element matches the corresponding </span><span class="delete">expression</span><span class="delete"> production,  and some namespace declarations.</span>
-
-
-
-
- 
-<span class="delete">2.4 </span><span class="delete">Optional terms in expressions</span><span class="delete">
+ a set of expressions, such that the text for an element matches the corresponding <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code> production,  and some namespace declarations.</p>
+
+</section>
+
+
+<section id="prov-n-optionals"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">2.4 </span>Optional terms in expressions</h3>
 
 Some terms in an expression may be optional. For example:
 
-</span><span class="delete">Example 5</span>
-<span class="delete">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+<div class="anexample" id="example_5"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_5">Example 5</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
 wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
-</span><span class="delete">
+</pre>
 In a derivation expression, the activity, generation, and usage are optional terms. They are specified in the first derivation, but not in the second.
-</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Example 6</span>
-<span class="delete">activity(a2, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, 2011-11-16T16:00:01)
+</div>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_6"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_6">Example 6</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">activity(a2, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, 2011-11-16T16:00:01)
 activity(a1)
-</span><span class="delete">
+</pre>
 The start and end times for an activity are optional. They are specified in the first expression, but not in the second.
-</span>
-
-<span class="delete">The general rule for optionals is that, if </span><span class="delete">none</span><span class="delete"> of the optionals are used in the expression, then they are simply omitted, resulting in a simpler expression as in the examples above.</span><span class="delete">
-However, it may be the case that only some of the optional terms are omitted. Because the position of the terms in the expression matters, an additional marker must be used to indicate that a particular term is not available. The symbol  </span><span class="delete">'-'</span><span class="delete"> is used for this purpose.
-
-</span><span class="delete">Example 7</span>
-<span class="delete">In the first expression below, all optionals are specified. However in the second and third, only one optional is specified, forcing the use of the marker for the missing terms. 
-
-</span><span class="delete">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+</div>
+
+<p>The general rule for optionals is that, if <em>none</em> of the optionals are used in the expression, then they are simply omitted, resulting in a simpler expression as in the examples above.</p>
+However, it may be the case that only some of the optional terms are omitted. Because the position of the terms in the expression matters, an additional marker must be used to indicate that a particular term is not available. The symbol  <span class="name">'-'</span> is used for this purpose.
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_7"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_7">Example 7</a></div>
+<p>In the first expression below, all optionals are specified. However in the second and third, only one optional is specified, forcing the use of the marker for the missing terms. 
+
+</p><pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
 wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, -, -, u1)
 wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, -, -)
-</span>
-<span class="delete">
+</pre>
+</div>
 Note that the more succinct form is just shorthand for a complete expression with all the markers specified:
-</span><span class="delete">Example 8</span>
-<span class="delete">activity(a1)
+<div class="anexample" id="example_8"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_8">Example 8</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">activity(a1)
 activity(a1, -, -)
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
- 
-<span class="delete">2.5 </span><span class="delete">Identifiers and attributes</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Almost all expressions defined in the grammar include an identifier (see </span><span class="delete">Section 3.7.1</span><span class="delete"> for the full syntax of identifiers). Most expressions
-can also include a set of attribute-value pairs, delimited by square brackets. Identifiers are optional except for Entities, Activites, and Agents. Identifiers are always the first term in any expression.  </span><span class="delete">Optional</span><span class="delete"> identifiers </span><span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be separated using a semi-colon ';', but where the identifiers are required, a regular comma ',' </span><span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be used. This makes it possible to completely omit an optional identifier with no ambiguity arising. Also, if the set of attribute-value pairs is present, it is always the last term in any expression.</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Example 9</span>
-<span class="delete">Derivation has an optional identifier. In the first expression, the identifier is not available, while it is explicit in the second. The third example shows that one can optionally indicate the missing identifier using the </span><span class="delete">-</span><span class="delete"> marker. This is equivalent to the first expression. </span>
-<span class="delete">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="prov-n-standard-terms"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">2.5 </span>Identifiers and attributes</h3>
+
+<p>Almost all expressions defined in the grammar include an identifier (see <a href="#expression-identifier">Section 3.7.1</a> for the full syntax of identifiers). Most expressions
+can also include a set of attribute-value pairs, delimited by square brackets. Identifiers are optional except for Entities, Activites, and Agents. Identifiers are always the first term in any expression.  <em>Optional</em> identifiers <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be separated using a semi-colon ';', but where the identifiers are required, a regular comma ',' <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be used. This makes it possible to completely omit an optional identifier with no ambiguity arising. Also, if the set of attribute-value pairs is present, it is always the last term in any expression.</p>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_9"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_9">Example 9</a></div>
+<p>Derivation has an optional identifier. In the first expression, the identifier is not available, while it is explicit in the second. The third example shows that one can optionally indicate the missing identifier using the <span class="name">-</span> marker. This is equivalent to the first expression. </p>
+<pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
 wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1)
 wasDerivedFrom(-; e2, e1)
-</span>
-<span class="delete">
+</pre>
+</div>
 
 Lack of attributes can be equivalently expressed by omitting the list, or by using an empty list.
 
 
 
-</span><span class="delete">Example 10</span>
-<span class="delete">The first and second activity expressions do not specify any attributes, and are equivalent.
+<div class="anexample" id="example_10"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_10">Example 10</a></div>
+<p>The first and second activity expressions do not specify any attributes, and are equivalent.
 
 The third activity expression specifies two attributes. 
-</span><span class="delete">activity(ex:a1)
+</p><pre class="codeexample">activity(ex:a1)
 activity(ex:a1, [])
 activity(ex:a1, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">2.6 </span><span class="delete">Comments</span><span class="delete">
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="comments">
+<h3><span class="secno">2.6 </span>Comments</h3>
 
 
 Comments in PROV-N take two forms:
-</span>
-<span class="delete"> '//'  outside an </span><span class="delete">IRI_REF</span><span class="delete"> or </span><span class="delete">STRING_LITERAL</span><span class="delete">; such comments continue to the end of line (marked by characters U+000D or U+000A) or end of file if there is no end of line after the comment marker. 
-
-</span><span class="delete"> '/*' ... '*/', outside an </span><span class="delete">IRI_REF</span><span class="delete"> or </span><span class="delete">STRING_LITERAL</span><span class="delete">.
-</span>
-<span class="delete">Comments are treated as white space.</span>
-
-
-
-
-
- 
-<span class="delete">3. </span><span class="delete">PROV-N Productions per Component</span>
-
-<span class="delete">This section  introduces grammar productions for each expression, followed by small examples of expressions illustrating the grammar. Strings conforming to the grammar are valid expressions in the PROV-N language.</span>
-
- 
-<span class="delete">3.1 </span><span class="delete">Component 1: Entities and Activities</span>
-
- 
-<span class="delete">3.1.1 </span><span class="delete">Entity</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">3</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">entityExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"entity" "(" </span><span class="delete">identifier</span> <span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">4</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">( "," "[" </span><span class="delete">attributeValuePairs</span><span class="delete"> "]" )?</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">5</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">attributeValuePairs</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">(  | </span><span class="delete">attributeValuePair</span><span class="delete"> ( "," </span><span class="delete">attributeValuePair</span><span class="delete"> )* )</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">6</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">attributeValuePair</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">attribute</span><span class="delete"> "=" </span><span class="delete">literal</span>  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Entity maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Entity</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-<span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">identifier</span>
-<span class="delete">attributes</span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 11</span>
-<span class="delete">entity(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, [ prov:type="document" ])
-</span><span class="delete">
-  Here </span><span class="delete">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span><span class="delete"> is the entity identifier, and </span><span class="delete">[ prov:type="document" ]</span><span class="delete"> groups the optional attributes, only one in this example,  with their values.
-  </span><span class="delete">
+<ul>
+<li> '//'  outside an <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></code> or <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></code>; such comments continue to the end of line (marked by characters U+000D or U+000A) or end of file if there is no end of line after the comment marker. 
+
+</li><li> '/*' ... '*/', outside an <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></code> or <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></code>.
+</li></ul>
+<p>Comments are treated as white space.</p>
+
+</section>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="prov-n-expressions"> 
+<h2><span class="secno">3. </span>PROV-N Productions per Component</h2>
+
+<p>This section  introduces grammar productions for each expression, followed by small examples of expressions illustrating the grammar. Strings conforming to the grammar are valid expressions in the PROV-N language.</p>
+
+<section id="component1"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.1 </span>Component 1: Entities and Activities</h3>
+
+<section id="expression-Entity"> 
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.1 </span>Entity</h4>
+
+
+<p>
+
+</p><table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-entityExpression" data-name="prod-entityExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">3</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">entityExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"entity" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs" data-name="prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs"></a>[<span class="prodNo">4</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">optionalAttributeValuePairs</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( "," "[" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attributeValuePairs">attributeValuePairs</a></span> "]" )?</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-attributeValuePairs" data-name="prod-attributeValuePairs"></a>[<span class="prodNo">5</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">attributeValuePairs</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">(  | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attributeValuePair">attributeValuePair</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attributeValuePair">attributeValuePair</a></span> )* )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-attributeValuePair" data-name="prod-attributeValuePair"></a>[<span class="prodNo">6</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">attributeValuePair</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attribute">attribute</a></span> "=" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-literal">literal</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Entity maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-entity">Entity</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#entity.id"><span class="attribute" id="entity.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#entity.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="entity.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_11"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_11">Example 11</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">entity(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, [ prov:type="document" ])
+</pre>
+  Here <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is the entity identifier, and <span class="name">[ prov:type="document" ]</span> groups the optional attributes, only one in this example,  with their values.
+  <pre class="codeexample">
 entity(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215)
-</span><span class="delete">
+</pre>
 Here, the optional attributes are absent.
-</span>
-
-
-
- 
- 
-<span class="delete">3.1.2 </span><span class="delete">Activity</span>
-
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">7</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">activityExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"activity" "(" </span><span class="delete">identifier</span><span class="delete"> ( "," </span><span class="delete">timeOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">timeOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> )? </span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">8</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">timeOrMarker</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">( </span><span class="delete">time</span><span class="delete"> | "-" )</span>  
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Activity maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Activity</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-<span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">identifier</span>
-
-<span class="delete">startTime</span><span class="delete">timeOrMarker</span>
-<span class="delete">endTime</span><span class="delete">timeOrMarker</span>
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">attributes</span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 12</span>
-<span class="delete">activity(ex:a10, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, 2011-11-16T16:00:01, [prov:type="createFile"])
-</span>
-<span class="delete">Here </span><span class="delete">ex:a10</span><span class="delete"> is the  activity identifier, </span><span class="delete">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span><span class="delete"> and </span><span class="delete">2011-11-16T16:00:01</span><span class="delete"> are the optional start and end times for the activity, and </span><span class="delete">[prov:type="createFile"]</span><span class="delete"> are optional attributes. </span><span class="delete">
+</div>
+
+
+
+</section> 
+<section id="expression-Activity"> 
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.2 </span>Activity</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-activityExpression" data-name="prod-activityExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">7</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">activityExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"activity" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-timeOrMarker" data-name="prod-timeOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">8</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">timeOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-time">time</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Activity maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-activity">Activity</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.id"><span class="attribute" id="activity.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.startTime"><span class="attribute" id="activity.startTime">startTime</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.endTime"><span class="attribute" id="activity.endTime">endTime</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="activity.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_12"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_12">Example 12</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">activity(ex:a10, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, 2011-11-16T16:00:01, [prov:type="createFile"])
+</pre>
+<p>Here <span class="name">ex:a10</span> is the  activity identifier, <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> and <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:01</span> are the optional start and end times for the activity, and <span class="name">[prov:type="createFile"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
 The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
-</span><span class="delete">activity(ex:a10)
+<pre class="codeexample">activity(ex:a10)
 activity(ex:a10, -, -)
 activity(ex:a10, -, -, [prov:type="edit"])
 activity(ex:a10, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
 activity(ex:a10, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, -)
 activity(ex:a10, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, -, [prov:type="createFile"])
 activity(ex:a10, [prov:type="edit"])
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.1.3 </span><span class="delete">Generation</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">9</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">generationExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"wasGeneratedBy" "(" </span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">eIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> ( "," </span><span class="delete">aIdentifierOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">timeOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> )? </span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">10</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">( </span><span class="delete">identifierOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> ";" )?</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">11</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">identifierOrMarker</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">( </span><span class="delete">identifier</span><span class="delete"> | "-" )</span>  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Generation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Generation</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-<span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span>
-<span class="delete">entity</span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span>
-<span class="delete">activity</span><span class="delete">aIdentifierOrMarker</span>
-
-<span class="delete">time</span><span class="delete">timeOrMarker</span>
-
-<span class="delete">attributes</span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span>
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 13</span>
-
-<span class="delete">wasGeneratedBy(ex:g1; tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00,  [ex:fct="save"])
-</span>
-<span class="delete">  Here </span><span class="delete">ex:g1</span><span class="delete"> is the optional generation identifier, </span><span class="delete">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span><span class="delete"> is the identifier of the entity being generated,
-  </span><span class="delete">ex:edit1</span><span class="delete"> is the optional identifier of the generating activity, </span><span class="delete">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span><span class="delete"> is the optional generation time, and </span><span class="delete"> [ex:fct="save"]</span><span class="delete"> are optional attributes. </span><span class="delete">
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+<section id="expression-Generation">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.3 </span>Generation</h4>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-generationExpression" data-name="prod-generationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">9</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">generationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasGeneratedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-optionalIdentifier" data-name="prod-optionalIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">10</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">optionalIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifierOrMarker">identifierOrMarker</a></span> ";" )?</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-identifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-identifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">11</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">identifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Generation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasgeneratedby">Generation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.id"><span class="attribute" id="generation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.entity"><span class="attribute" id="generation.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.activity"><span class="attribute" id="generation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.time"><span class="attribute" id="generation.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="generation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_13"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_13">Example 13</a></div>
+
+<pre class="codeexample">wasGeneratedBy(ex:g1; tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00,  [ex:fct="save"])
+</pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">ex:g1</span> is the optional generation identifier, <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is the identifier of the entity being generated,
+  <span class="name">ex:edit1</span> is the optional identifier of the generating activity, <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional generation time, and <span class="name"> [ex:fct="save"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
 The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
   
-</span><span class="delete">wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1, -)
+<pre class="codeexample">wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1, -)
 wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
 wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1, -, [ex:fct="save"])     
 wasGeneratedBy(e2, [ex:fct="save"])     
 wasGeneratedBy(ex:g1; e)
 wasGeneratedBy(ex:g1; e, a, tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215)
-</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Additional semantic rules (</span><span class="delete">Section 3.7.5</span><span class="delete">) apply to </span><span class="delete">generationExpression</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.1.4 </span><span class="delete">Usage</span>
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">12</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">usageExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"used" "(" </span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">aIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> ( "," </span><span class="delete">eIdentifierOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">timeOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> )? </span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Usage maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Usage</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-<span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span>
-<span class="delete">activity</span><span class="delete">aIdentifier</span><span class="delete">entity</span><span class="delete">eIdentifierOrMarker</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">time</span><span class="delete">timeOrMarker</span>
-
-<span class="delete">attributes</span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 14</span>
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-generationExpression">generationExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-Usage">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.4 </span>Usage</h4>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-usageExpression" data-name="prod-usageExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">12</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">usageExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"used" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Usage maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-used">Usage</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.id"><span class="attribute" id="usage.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.activity"><span class="attribute" id="usage.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.entity"><span class="attribute" id="usage.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.time"><span class="attribute" id="usage.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="usage.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_14"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_14">Example 14</a></div>
   
-<span class="delete">used(ex:u1; ex:act2, ar3:0111, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:fct="load"])
- </span>
-<span class="delete">  Here </span><span class="delete">ex:u1</span><span class="delete"> is the optional usage identifier,  </span><span class="delete">ex:act2</span><span class="delete"> is the identifier of the using activity,
-  </span><span class="delete">ar3:0111</span><span class="delete"> is the identifier of the entity being used,
- </span><span class="delete">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span><span class="delete"> is the optional usage time, and </span><span class="delete"> [ex:fct="load"]</span><span class="delete"> are optional attributes.</span><span class="delete">
+<pre class="codeexample">used(ex:u1; ex:act2, ar3:0111, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:fct="load"])
+ </pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">ex:u1</span> is the optional usage identifier,  <span class="name">ex:act2</span> is the identifier of the using activity,
+  <span class="name">ar3:0111</span> is the identifier of the entity being used,
+ <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional usage time, and <span class="name"> [ex:fct="load"]</span> are optional attributes.</p>
 The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
 
-  </span><span class="delete">used(ex:act2)
+  <pre class="codeexample">used(ex:act2)
 used(ex:act2, ar3:0111, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
 used(a1,e1, -, [ex:fct="load"])
 used(ex:u1; ex:act2, ar3:0111, -)
-</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Additional semantic rules (</span><span class="delete">Section 3.7.5</span><span class="delete">) apply to </span><span class="delete">usageExpression</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.1.5 </span><span class="delete">Communication</span>
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">13</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">communicationExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"wasInformedBy" "(" </span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">aIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">aIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Communication maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Communication</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-<span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span>
-<span class="delete">informed</span><span class="delete">aIdentifier</span>
-<span class="delete">informant</span><span class="delete">aIdentifier</span>
-<span class="delete">attributes</span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 15</span>
-<span class="delete">wasInformedBy(ex:inf1; ex:a1, ex:a2, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
-</span>
-<span class="delete">  Here </span><span class="delete">ex:inf1</span><span class="delete"> is the optional communication identifier,  </span><span class="delete">ex:a1</span><span class="delete"> is the identifier of the informed activity,
-  </span><span class="delete">ex:a2</span><span class="delete"> is the identifier of the informant activity,
-and </span><span class="delete">[ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"]</span><span class="delete"> are optional attributes. </span><span class="delete">
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-usageExpression">usageExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-wasInformedBy">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.5 </span>Communication</h4>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-communicationExpression" data-name="prod-communicationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">13</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">communicationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasInformedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Communication maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinformedby">Communication</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.id"><span class="attribute" id="communication.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.informed"><span class="attribute" id="communication.informed">informed</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.informant"><span class="attribute" id="communication.informant">informant</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="communication.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_15"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_15">Example 15</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">wasInformedBy(ex:inf1; ex:a1, ex:a2, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+</pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">ex:inf1</span> is the optional communication identifier,  <span class="name">ex:a1</span> is the identifier of the informed activity,
+  <span class="name">ex:a2</span> is the identifier of the informant activity,
+and <span class="name">[ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
 The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
 
-</span><span class="delete">wasInformedBy(ex:a1, ex:a2)
+<pre class="codeexample">wasInformedBy(ex:a1, ex:a2)
 wasInformedBy(ex:a1, ex:a2, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
 wasInformedBy(i; ex:a1, ex:a2)
 wasInformedBy(i; ex:a1, ex:a2, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.1.6 </span><span class="delete">Start</span>
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">14</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">startExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"wasStartedBy" "(" </span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">aIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> ( "," </span><span class="delete">eIdentifierOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">aIdentifierOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">timeOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> )? </span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Start maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Start</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-<span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span>
-<span class="delete">activity</span><span class="delete">aIdentifier</span>
-<span class="delete">trigger</span><span class="delete">eIdentifierOrMarker</span>
-<span class="delete">starter</span><span class="delete">aIdentifierOrMarker</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">time</span><span class="delete">timeOrMarker</span>
-
-<span class="delete">attributes</span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 16</span>
-
-  <span class="delete">wasStartedBy(start; ex:act2, ex:trigger, ex:act1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:param="a"])
-  </span>
-  <span class="delete">Here </span><span class="delete">start</span><span class="delete"> is the optional start identifier,  </span><span class="delete">ex:act2</span><span class="delete"> is the identifier of the started activity,
-  </span><span class="delete">ex:trigger</span><span class="delete"> is the optional identifier for the entity that triggered the activity start,
-   </span><span class="delete">ex:act1</span><span class="delete"> is the optional identifier for the activity that generated the (possibly unspecified) entity   </span><span class="delete">ex:trigger</span><span class="delete">,
- </span><span class="delete">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span><span class="delete"> is the optional start time, and </span><span class="delete"> [ex:param="a"]</span><span class="delete"> are optional attributes.</span><span class="delete">
+</pre>
+</div>
+</section>
+
+
+
+<section id="expression-Start">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.6 </span>Start</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-startExpression" data-name="prod-startExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">14</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">startExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasStartedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Start maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasstartedby">Start</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.id"><span class="attribute" id="start.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.activity"><span class="attribute" id="start.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.trigger"><span class="attribute" id="start.trigger">trigger</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.starter"><span class="attribute" id="start.starter">starter</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.time"><span class="attribute" id="start.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="start.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_16"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_16">Example 16</a></div>
+
+  <pre class="codeexample">wasStartedBy(start; ex:act2, ex:trigger, ex:act1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:param="a"])
+  </pre>
+  <p>Here <span class="name">start</span> is the optional start identifier,  <span class="name">ex:act2</span> is the identifier of the started activity,
+  <span class="name">ex:trigger</span> is the optional identifier for the entity that triggered the activity start,
+   <span class="name">ex:act1</span> is the optional identifier for the activity that generated the (possibly unspecified) entity   <span class="name">ex:trigger</span>,
+ <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional start time, and <span class="name"> [ex:param="a"]</span> are optional attributes.</p>
   The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
   
-  </span><span class="delete">wasStartedBy(ex:act2, -, ex:act1, -)
+  <pre class="codeexample">wasStartedBy(ex:act2, -, ex:act1, -)
 wasStartedBy(ex:act2, -, ex:act1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
 wasStartedBy(ex:act2, -, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
 wasStartedBy(ex:act2, [ex:param="a"])
 wasStartedBy(start; ex:act2, e, ex:act1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
-</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Additional semantic rules (</span><span class="delete">Section 3.7.5</span><span class="delete">) apply to </span><span class="delete">startExpression</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.1.7 </span><span class="delete">End</span>
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">15</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">endExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"wasEndedBy" "(" </span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">aIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> ( "," </span><span class="delete">eIdentifierOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">aIdentifierOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">timeOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> )? </span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM End maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">End</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-<span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span>
-<span class="delete">activity</span><span class="delete">aIdentifier</span>
-<span class="delete">trigger</span><span class="delete">eIdentifierOrMarker</span>
-<span class="delete">ender</span><span class="delete">aIdentifierOrMarker</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">time</span><span class="delete">timeOrMarker</span>
-
-<span class="delete">attributes</span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span>
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 17</span>
-
-    <span class="delete">wasEndedBy(end; ex:act2, ex:trigger, ex:act3,  2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:param="a"])
-  </span>
-<span class="delete">  Here </span><span class="delete">end</span><span class="delete"> is the optional end identifier,  
-</span><span class="delete">ex:act2</span><span class="delete"> is the identifier of the ending activity,
-  </span><span class="delete">ex:trigger</span><span class="delete"> is the identifier of the entity that triggered the activity end,
-  </span><span class="delete">ex:act3</span><span class="delete"> is the optional identifier for the activity that generated the (possibly unspecified) entity   </span><span class="delete">ex:trigger</span><span class="delete">,
- </span><span class="delete">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span><span class="delete"> is the optional usage time, and </span><span class="delete"> [ex:param="a"]</span><span class="delete"> are optional attributes. </span><span class="delete">
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-startExpression">startExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-End">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.7 </span>End</h4>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-endExpression" data-name="prod-endExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">15</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">endExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasEndedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM End maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasendedby">End</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.id"><span class="attribute" id="end.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.activity"><span class="attribute" id="end.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.trigger"><span class="attribute" id="end.trigger">trigger</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.ender"><span class="attribute" id="end.ender">ender</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.time"><span class="attribute" id="end.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="end.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_17"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_17">Example 17</a></div>
+
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasEndedBy(end; ex:act2, ex:trigger, ex:act3,  2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:param="a"])
+  </pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">end</span> is the optional end identifier,  
+<span class="name">ex:act2</span> is the identifier of the ending activity,
+  <span class="name">ex:trigger</span> is the identifier of the entity that triggered the activity end,
+  <span class="name">ex:act3</span> is the optional identifier for the activity that generated the (possibly unspecified) entity   <span class="name">ex:trigger</span>,
+ <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional usage time, and <span class="name"> [ex:param="a"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
 The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
 
   
-</span><span class="delete">wasEndedBy(ex:act2, ex:trigger, -, -)
+<pre class="codeexample">wasEndedBy(ex:act2, ex:trigger, -, -)
 wasEndedBy(ex:act2, ex:trigger, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
 wasEndedBy(ex:act2, -, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
 wasEndedBy(ex:act2, -, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:param="a"])
 wasEndedBy(end; ex:act2)
 wasEndedBy(end; ex:act2, ex:trigger, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
-</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Additional semantic rules (</span><span class="delete">Section 3.7.5</span><span class="delete">) apply to </span><span class="delete">endExpression</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.1.8 </span><span class="delete">Invalidation</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">16</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">invalidationExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"wasInvalidatedBy" "(" </span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">eIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> ( "," </span><span class="delete">aIdentifierOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">timeOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> )? </span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Invalidation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Invalidation</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-<span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span>
-<span class="delete">entity</span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span>
-<span class="delete">activity</span><span class="delete">aIdentifierOrMarker</span>
-
-<span class="delete">time</span><span class="delete">timeOrMarker</span>
-
-<span class="delete">attributes</span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 18</span>
-
-<span class="delete">wasInvalidatedBy(ex:inv; tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00,  [ex:fct="save"])
-</span>
-<span class="delete">  Here </span><span class="delete">ex:inv</span><span class="delete"> is the optional invalidation identifier, </span><span class="delete">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span><span class="delete"> is the identifier of the entity being invalidated,
-  </span><span class="delete">ex:edit1</span><span class="delete"> is the optional identifier of the invalidating activity, </span><span class="delete">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span><span class="delete"> is the optional invalidation time, and </span><span class="delete"> [ex:fct="save"]</span><span class="delete"> are optional attributes. </span><span class="delete">
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-endExpression">endExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+<section id="expression-Invalidation">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.8 </span>Invalidation</h4>
+
+
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-invalidationExpression" data-name="prod-invalidationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">16</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">invalidationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasInvalidatedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Invalidation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinvalidatedby">Invalidation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.id"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.entity"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.activity"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.time"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_18"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_18">Example 18</a></div>
+
+<pre class="codeexample">wasInvalidatedBy(ex:inv; tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00,  [ex:fct="save"])
+</pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">ex:inv</span> is the optional invalidation identifier, <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is the identifier of the entity being invalidated,
+  <span class="name">ex:edit1</span> is the optional identifier of the invalidating activity, <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional invalidation time, and <span class="name"> [ex:fct="save"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
 The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
   
-</span><span class="delete">wasInvalidatedBy(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, -)
+<pre class="codeexample">wasInvalidatedBy(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, -)
 wasInvalidatedBy(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
 wasInvalidatedBy(e2, a1, -, [ex:fct="save"])     
 wasInvalidatedBy(e2, -, -, [ex:fct="save"])     
 wasInvalidatedBy(ex:inv; tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, -)
 wasInvalidatedBy(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, -)
-</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Additional semantic rules (</span><span class="delete">Section 3.7.5</span><span class="delete">) apply to </span><span class="delete">invalidationExpression</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 
-<span class="delete">3.2 </span><span class="delete">Component 2: Derivations</span>
-
-<span class="delete">3.2.1 </span><span class="delete">Derivation</span>
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">17</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">derivationExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"wasDerivedFrom" "(" </span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">eIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> ( "," </span><span class="delete">aIdentifierOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">gIdentifierOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">uIdentifierOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> )? </span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Derivation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Derivation</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span>
-
-<span class="delete">generatedEntity</span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span>
-
-<span class="delete">usedEntity</span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span>
-
-<span class="delete">activity</span><span class="delete">aIdentifierOrMarker</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">generation</span><span class="delete">gIdentifierOrMarker</span>
-
-<span class="delete">usage</span><span class="delete">uIdentifierOrMarker</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">attributes</span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 19</span>
-    <span class="delete">wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1, a, g2, u1, [ex:comment="a righteous derivation"])
-  </span>
-<span class="delete">  Here
-    </span><span class="delete">d</span><span class="delete"> is the optional derivation identifier,
-  </span><span class="delete">e2</span><span class="delete"> is the identifier for the entity being derived,
-  </span><span class="delete">e1</span><span class="delete"> is the  identifier of the entity from which </span><span class="delete">e2</span><span class="delete"> is derived,
-  </span><span class="delete">a</span><span class="delete"> is the optional identifier of the activity which used/generated the entities,
-  </span><span class="delete">g2</span><span class="delete"> is the optional identifier of the generation,
-  </span><span class="delete">u1</span><span class="delete"> is the optional identifier of the usage,
-  and </span><span class="delete">[ex:comment="a righteous derivation"]</span><span class="delete"> are optional attributes. </span><span class="delete">
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-invalidationExpression">invalidationExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="component2"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.2 </span>Component 2: Derivations</h3>
+<section id="Derivation-Relation">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.2.1 </span>Derivation</h4>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-derivationExpression" data-name="prod-derivationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">17</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">derivationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasDerivedFrom" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-gIdentifierOrMarker">gIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-uIdentifierOrMarker">uIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Derivation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasderivedfrom">Derivation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.id"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.generatedEntity"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.generatedEntity">generatedEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.usedEntity"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.usedEntity">usedEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.activity"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.generation"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.generation">generation</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-gIdentifierOrMarker">gIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.usage"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.usage">usage</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-uIdentifierOrMarker">uIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-derivation"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-derivation">Example 19</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1, a, g2, u1, [ex:comment="a righteous derivation"])
+  </pre>
+<p>  Here
+    <span class="name">d</span> is the optional derivation identifier,
+  <span class="name">e2</span> is the identifier for the entity being derived,
+  <span class="name">e1</span> is the  identifier of the entity from which <span class="name">e2</span> is derived,
+  <span class="name">a</span> is the optional identifier of the activity which used/generated the entities,
+  <span class="name">g2</span> is the optional identifier of the generation,
+  <span class="name">u1</span> is the optional identifier of the usage,
+  and <span class="name">[ex:comment="a righteous derivation"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
 The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
 
   
-</span><span class="delete">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
+<pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
 wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
 wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, -, g2, u1)
 wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, -, u1)
@@ -1757,608 +1789,608 @@
 wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, -, -, -)
 wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
 wasDerivedFrom(-; e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.2.2 </span><span class="delete">Revision</span>
-
-<span class="delete">
-PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Revision. Instead, a Revision </span><span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be expressed as a 
-</span><span class="delete">derivationExpression</span><span class="delete"> with attribute </span><span class="delete">prov:type='prov:Revision'</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 20</span>
-    <span class="delete">wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1, a, g2, u1, 
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+</section>
+<section id="expression-Revision">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.2.2 </span>Revision</h4>
+
+<p id="provn-type-Revision">
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Revision. Instead, a Revision <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as a 
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-derivationExpression">derivationExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Revision'</code>.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_20"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_20">Example 20</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1, a, g2, u1, 
                [prov:type='prov:Revision', 
                 ex:comment="a righteous derivation"])
-  </span>
-<span class="delete">Here, the derivation from
-</span><span class="delete">Example 19</span><span class="delete">
-is extended with a </span><span class="delete">prov:type</span><span class="delete"> attribute and value </span><span class="delete">prov:Revision</span><span class="delete">.  The expression </span><span class="delete">'prov:Revision'</span><span class="delete"> is </span><span class="delete">convenienceNotation</span><span class="delete"> to denote a </span><span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME</span><span class="delete"> literal (See  </span><span class="delete">Section 3.7.3. Literal</span><span class="delete">).
-</span>
-
-
-  
-
-<span class="delete">3.2.3 </span><span class="delete">Quotation</span>
-
-<span class="delete">
-PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Quotation. Instead, a Quotation </span><span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be  expressed as a 
-</span><span class="delete">derivationExpression</span><span class="delete"> with attribute </span><span class="delete">prov:type='prov:Quotation'</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 21</span>
-    <span class="delete">wasDerivedFrom(quoteId1; ex:blockQuote,ex:blog, ex:act1, ex:g, ex:u,
+  </pre>
+<p>Here, the derivation from
+<a href="#anexample-derivation" class="anexample-ref"><span>Example 19</span></a>
+is extended with a <span class="name">prov:type</span> attribute and value <span class="name">prov:Revision</span>.  The expression <code>'prov:Revision'</code> is <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-convenienceNotation">convenienceNotation</a></code> to denote a <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> literal (See  <a href="#expression-literal">Section 3.7.3. Literal</a>).
+</p></div>
+
+
+</section>  
+<section id="expression-quotation">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.2.3 </span>Quotation</h4>
+
+<p id="provn-type-Quotation">
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Quotation. Instead, a Quotation <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be  expressed as a 
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-derivationExpression">derivationExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Quotation'</code>.</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_21"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_21">Example 21</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(quoteId1; ex:blockQuote,ex:blog, ex:act1, ex:g, ex:u,
                [ prov:type='prov:Quotation' ]) 
- </span>
-
-<span class="delete">Here, the derivation is provided with a </span><span class="delete">prov:type</span><span class="delete"> attribute and value </span><span class="delete">prov:Quotation</span><span class="delete">.
-</span>
-
-
-  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.2.4 </span><span class="delete">Primary Source</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">
-PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for PrimarySource. Instead, a PrimarySource </span><span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be expressed as a 
-</span><span class="delete">derivationExpression</span><span class="delete"> with attribute </span><span class="delete">prov:type='prov:Primary-Source'</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 22</span>
-    <span class="delete">wasDerivedFrom(sourceId1;  ex:e1, ex:e2, ex:act, ex:g, ex:u, 
+ </pre>
+
+<p>Here, the derivation is provided with a <span class="name">prov:type</span> attribute and value <span class="name">prov:Quotation</span>.
+</p></div>
+
+
+</section>  
+
+
+<section id="expression-primary-source">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.2.4 </span>Primary Source</h4>
+
+
+<p id="provn-type-Primary-Source">
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for PrimarySource. Instead, a PrimarySource <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as a 
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-derivationExpression">derivationExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Primary-Source'</code>.</p>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_22"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_22">Example 22</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(sourceId1;  ex:e1, ex:e2, ex:act, ex:g, ex:u, 
                [ prov:type='prov:PrimarySource' ])
-</span>
-<span class="delete">Here, the derivation is provided with a </span><span class="delete">prov:type</span><span class="delete"> attribute and value </span><span class="delete">prov:PrimarySource</span><span class="delete">.
-  </span>
-
-
-
-  
-
-
-
-
- 
-<span class="delete">3.3 </span><span class="delete">Component 3: Agents, Responsibility, and Influence</span>
-
-<span class="delete">3.3.1 </span><span class="delete">Agent</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">18</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">agentExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"agent" "(" </span><span class="delete">identifier</span> <span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Agent maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Agent</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-<span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">identifier</span>
-<span class="delete">attributes</span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">
-PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Person, Organization, SoftwareAgent. Instead, a Person, an Organization, or a SoftwareAgent </span><span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be expressed as an
-</span><span class="delete">agentExpression</span><span class="delete"> with attribute 
-</span><span class="delete">prov:type='prov:Person'</span><span class="delete">,
-</span><span class="delete">prov:type='prov:Organization'</span><span class="delete">, or
-</span><span class="delete">prov:type='prov:SoftwareAgent'</span><span class="delete">, respectively.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 23</span>
-<span class="delete">agent(ag4, [ prov:type='prov:Person', ex:name="David" ])
-</span>
-<span class="delete">Here </span><span class="delete">ag</span><span class="delete"> is the agent identifier, and
-   </span><span class="delete">[ prov:type='prov:Person', ex:name="David" ]</span><span class="delete"> are optional attributes. </span><span class="delete">
+</pre>
+<p>Here, the derivation is provided with a <span class="name">prov:type</span> attribute and value <span class="name">prov:PrimarySource</span>.
+  </p>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>  
+
+</section>
+
+
+<section id="component3"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.3 </span>Component 3: Agents, Responsibility, and Influence</h3>
+<section id="expression-Agent">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.3.1 </span>Agent</h4>
+
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-agentExpression" data-name="prod-agentExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">18</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">agentExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"agent" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Agent maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-agent">Agent</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#agent.id"><span class="attribute" id="agent.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#agent.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="agent.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Person, Organization, SoftwareAgent. Instead, a Person, an Organization, or a SoftwareAgent <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as an
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agentExpression">agentExpression</a></code> with attribute 
+<span id="provn-type-Person"><code>prov:type='prov:Person'</code></span>,
+<span id="provn-type-Organization"><code>prov:type='prov:Organization'</code></span>, or
+<span id="provn-type-SoftwareAgent"><code>prov:type='prov:SoftwareAgent'</code></span>, respectively.</p>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_23"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_23">Example 23</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">agent(ag4, [ prov:type='prov:Person', ex:name="David" ])
+</pre>
+<p>Here <span class="name">ag</span> is the agent identifier, and
+   <span class="name">[ prov:type='prov:Person', ex:name="David" ]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
 In the next example, the optional attributes are omitted.
 
-</span><span class="delete">agent(ag4)
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.3.2 </span><span class="delete">Attribution</span>
-
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">19</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">attributionExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"wasAttributedTo" "(" </span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">eIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">agIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Attribution maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Attribution</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-<span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span>
-<span class="delete">entity</span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span>
-<span class="delete">agent</span><span class="delete">agIdentifier</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">attributes</span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 24</span>
-
-<span class="delete">wasAttributedTo(attr; e, ag, [ex:license='cc:attributionURL' ])
-  </span>
-<span class="delete">    Here </span><span class="delete">attr</span><span class="delete"> is the optional attribution identifier,  </span><span class="delete">e</span><span class="delete"> is an entity identifier,
-  </span><span class="delete">ag</span><span class="delete"> is the identifier of the agent to whom the entity is abscribed, 
-and </span><span class="delete">[ex:license='cc:attributionURL' ]</span><span class="delete"> are optional attributes. </span><span class="delete">
+<pre class="codeexample">agent(ag4)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+<section id="expression-attribution">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.3.2 </span>Attribution</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-attributionExpression" data-name="prod-attributionExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">19</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">attributionExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasAttributedTo" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Attribution maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasattributedto">Attribution</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.id"><span class="attribute" id="attribution.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.entity"><span class="attribute" id="attribution.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.agent"><span class="attribute" id="attribution.agent">agent</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="attribution.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_24"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_24">Example 24</a></div>
+
+<pre class="codeexample">wasAttributedTo(attr; e, ag, [ex:license='cc:attributionURL' ])
+  </pre>
+<p>    Here <span class="name">attr</span> is the optional attribution identifier,  <span class="name">e</span> is an entity identifier,
+  <span class="name">ag</span> is the identifier of the agent to whom the entity is abscribed, 
+and <span class="name">[ex:license='cc:attributionURL' ]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
 The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
 
-</span><span class="delete">wasAttributedTo(e, ag)
+<pre class="codeexample">wasAttributedTo(e, ag)
 wasAttributedTo(e, ag, [ex:license='cc:attributionURL' ])
-</span>
-
-
-  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.3.3 </span><span class="delete">Association</span>
-
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">20</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">associationExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"wasAssociatedWith" "(" </span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">aIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> ( "," </span><span class="delete">agIdentifierOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">eIdentifierOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> )? </span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Association maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Association</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span>
-
-<span class="delete">activity</span><span class="delete">aIdentifier</span>
-
-<span class="delete">agent</span><span class="delete">agIdentifierOrMarker</span>
-
-<span class="delete">plan</span><span class="delete">eIdentifierOrMarker</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">attributes</span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span>
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">
-PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Plan. Instead, a Plan </span><span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be expressed as an
-</span><span class="delete">entityExpression</span><span class="delete"> with attribute </span><span class="delete">prov:type='prov:Plan'</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 25</span>
-<span class="delete">wasAssociatedWith(ex:assoc; ex:a1, ex:ag1, ex:e1, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
-  </span>
-
-<span class="delete">  Here </span><span class="delete">ex:assoc</span><span class="delete"> is the optional attribution identifier,
-  </span><span class="delete">ex:a1</span><span class="delete"> is an activity identifier,
-  </span><span class="delete">ex:ag1</span><span class="delete"> is the optional identifier of the agent associated to the activity,
-  </span><span class="delete">ex:e1</span><span class="delete"> is the optional identifier of the plan used by the agent in the context of the activity,
-  and </span><span class="delete"> [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"]</span><span class="delete"> are optional attributes. </span><span class="delete">
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+</section>  
+
+
+<section id="expression-Association">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.3.3 </span>Association</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-associationExpression" data-name="prod-associationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">20</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">associationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasAssociatedWith" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifierOrMarker">agIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Association maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasassociatedwith">Association</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.id"><span class="attribute" id="association.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.activity"><span class="attribute" id="association.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.agent"><span class="attribute" id="association.agent">agent</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifierOrMarker">agIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.plan"><span class="attribute" id="association.plan">plan</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="association.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<p id="provn-type-Plan">
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Plan. Instead, a Plan <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as an
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Plan'</code>.</p>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_25"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_25">Example 25</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">wasAssociatedWith(ex:assoc; ex:a1, ex:ag1, ex:e1, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+  </pre>
+
+<p>  Here <span class="name">ex:assoc</span> is the optional attribution identifier,
+  <span class="name">ex:a1</span> is an activity identifier,
+  <span class="name">ex:ag1</span> is the optional identifier of the agent associated to the activity,
+  <span class="name">ex:e1</span> is the optional identifier of the plan used by the agent in the context of the activity,
+  and <span class="name"> [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
 The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
 
   
   
-</span><span class="delete">wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, -, ex:e1)
+<pre class="codeexample">wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, -, ex:e1)
 wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, ex:ag1)
 wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, ex:ag1, ex:e1)
 wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, ex:ag1, ex:e1, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
 wasAssociatedWith(a; ex:a1, -, ex:e1)
-</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Additional semantic rules (</span><span class="delete">Section 3.7.5</span><span class="delete">) apply to </span><span class="delete">associationExpression</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 26</span>
-<span class="delete">The  following expression illustrates a plan.
-</span><span class="delete">  entity(ex:pl1,   [ prov:type='prov:Plan' ])
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.3.4 </span><span class="delete">Delegation</span>
-
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">21</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">delegationExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"actedOnBehalfOf" "(" </span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">agIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">agIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> ( "," </span><span class="delete">aIdentifierOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> )? </span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Delegation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Delegation</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span>
-
-<span class="delete">delegate</span><span class="delete">agIdentifier</span>
-
-<span class="delete">responsible</span><span class="delete">agIdentifier</span>
-
-<span class="delete">activity</span><span class="delete">aIdentifierOrMarker</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">attributes</span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 27</span>
-
-  <span class="delete">actedOnBehalfOf(del1; ag2, ag1, a, [prov:type="contract"])
-  </span>
-<span class="delete">  Here </span><span class="delete">del1</span><span class="delete"> is the optional delegation identifier,
-  </span><span class="delete">ag2</span><span class="delete"> is the identifier for the delegate agent,
-  </span><span class="delete">ag1</span><span class="delete"> is the  identifier of the responsible agent,
-  </span><span class="delete">a</span><span class="delete"> is the optional identifier of the activity for which the delegation link holds,
-  and </span><span class="delete">[prov:type="contract"]</span><span class="delete"> are optional attributes. </span><span class="delete">
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-associationExpression">associationExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_26"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_26">Example 26</a></div>
+<p>The  following expression illustrates a plan.
+</p><pre class="codeexample">  entity(ex:pl1,   [ prov:type='prov:Plan' ])
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+<section id="expression-delegation">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.3.4 </span>Delegation</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-delegationExpression" data-name="prod-delegationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">21</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">delegationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"actedOnBehalfOf" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Delegation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-actedonbehalfof">Delegation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.id"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.delegate"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.delegate">delegate</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.responsible"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.responsible">responsible</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.activity"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_27"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_27">Example 27</a></div>
+
+  <pre class="codeexample">actedOnBehalfOf(del1; ag2, ag1, a, [prov:type="contract"])
+  </pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">del1</span> is the optional delegation identifier,
+  <span class="name">ag2</span> is the identifier for the delegate agent,
+  <span class="name">ag1</span> is the  identifier of the responsible agent,
+  <span class="name">a</span> is the optional identifier of the activity for which the delegation link holds,
+  and <span class="name">[prov:type="contract"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
 The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
 
 
-</span><span class="delete">actedOnBehalfOf(ag1, ag2)
+<pre class="codeexample">actedOnBehalfOf(ag1, ag2)
 actedOnBehalfOf(ag1, ag2, a)
 actedOnBehalfOf(ag1, ag2, -, [prov:type="delegation"])
 actedOnBehalfOf(ag2, ag3, a, [prov:type="contract"])
 actedOnBehalfOf(del1; ag2, ag3, a, [prov:type="contract"])
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.3.5 </span><span class="delete">Influence</span>
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">22</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">influenceExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"wasInfluencedBy" "(" </span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">eIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Influence maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Influence</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span>
-
-<span class="delete">influencee</span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span>
-
-<span class="delete">influencer</span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span>
-
-<span class="delete">attributes</span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span>
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 28</span>
-    <span class="delete">wasInfluencedBy(infl1;e2,e1,[ex:param="a"])
-  </span>
-<span class="delete">  Here,
-    </span><span class="delete">infl1</span><span class="delete"> is the optional influence identifier,
-  </span><span class="delete">e2</span><span class="delete"> is an entity identifier,
-  </span><span class="delete">e1</span><span class="delete"> is the identifier for an ancestor entity that   </span><span class="delete">e2</span><span class="delete"> is influenced by,
-  and </span><span class="delete">[ex:param="a"]</span><span class="delete"> is the optional set of attributes. </span><span class="delete">
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-influence">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.3.5 </span>Influence</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-influenceExpression" data-name="prod-influenceExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">22</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">influenceExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasInfluencedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Influence maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinfluencedby">Influence</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.id"><span class="attribute" id="influence.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.influencee"><span class="attribute" id="influence.influencee">influencee</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.influencer"><span class="attribute" id="influence.influencer">influencer</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="influence.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_28"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_28">Example 28</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasInfluencedBy(infl1;e2,e1,[ex:param="a"])
+  </pre>
+<p>  Here,
+    <span class="name">infl1</span> is the optional influence identifier,
+  <span class="name">e2</span> is an entity identifier,
+  <span class="name">e1</span> is the identifier for an ancestor entity that   <span class="name">e2</span> is influenced by,
+  and <span class="name">[ex:param="a"]</span> is the optional set of attributes. </p>
 The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
 
 
-  </span><span class="delete">wasInfluencedBy(e2,e1)
+  <pre class="codeexample">wasInfluencedBy(e2,e1)
 wasInfluencedBy(e2,e1,[ex:param="a"])
 wasInfluencedBy(infl1; e2,e1)
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 
-<span class="delete">3.4 </span><span class="delete">Component 4: Bundles</span>
-
- 
-<span class="delete">3.4.1 </span><span class="delete">Bundle Constructor</span>
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">23</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">bundle</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"bundle" </span><span class="delete">identifier</span><span class="delete"> (</span><span class="delete">namespaceDeclarations</span><span class="delete">)? (</span><span class="delete">expression</span><span class="delete">)* "endBundle"</span>  
-
-
-<span class="delete">Bundles cannot be nested. It is for this reason that  a </span><span class="delete">bundle</span><span class="delete"> is not defined as an </span><span class="delete">expression</span><span class="delete">,  to prevent the occurrence of a </span><span class="delete">bundle</span><span class="delete"> inside another </span><span class="delete">bundle</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Each identifier occurring in a bundle, including the bundle identifier itself, </span><span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be interpreted with respect to the namespace declarations of that bundle, or if the identifier's prefix is not declared in the bundle, with respect to the namespace declarations in the document. </span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM bundle maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Bundle</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span>
-
-<span class="delete">descriptions</span><span class="delete">expression</span>
-
-<span class="delete">namespaceDeclaration</span><span class="delete">namespaceDeclarations</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 29</span>
-    <span class="delete">bundle ex:author-view
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+</section>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="component4"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.4 </span>Component 4: Bundles</h3>
+
+<section id="expression-bundle-constructor"> 
+<h4><span class="secno">3.4.1 </span>Bundle Constructor</h4>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-bundle" data-name="prod-bundle"></a>[<span class="prodNo">23</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">bundle</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"bundle" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></span>)? (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></span>)* "endBundle"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>Bundles cannot be nested. It is for this reason that  a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code> is not defined as an <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code>,  to prevent the occurrence of a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code> inside another <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code>.</p>
+
+<p>Each identifier occurring in a bundle, including the bundle identifier itself, <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be interpreted with respect to the namespace declarations of that bundle, or if the identifier's prefix is not declared in the bundle, with respect to the namespace declarations in the document. </p>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM bundle maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-bundle-constructor">Bundle</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#bundle.constructor.id"><span class="attribute" id="bundle.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#bundle.constructor.descriptions"><span class="attribute" id="bundle.descriptions">descriptions</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-namespaceDeclaration"><span class="attribute" id="namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-bundle1"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-bundle1">Example 29</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">bundle ex:author-view
   prefix ex  &lt;http://example.org/&gt;
   agent(ex:Paolo,   [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
   agent(ex:Simon,   [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
   //...
 endBundle
-  </span>
-<span class="delete"> Here  </span><span class="delete">ex:author-view</span><span class="delete"> is the name of the bundle. 
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 
-<span class="delete">3.4.2 </span><span class="delete">Bundle Type</span>
-
-<span class="delete">
-When described, a Bundle </span><span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be expressed as an </span><span class="delete">entityExpression</span><span class="delete"> with attribute </span><span class="delete">prov:type='prov:Bundle'</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Example 30</span>
-<span class="delete">The bundle of
-</span><span class="delete">Example 29</span><span class="delete"> can be referred to as an an entity, and its provenance described.</span>
-<span class="delete">  entity(ex:author-view,   [ prov:type='prov:Bundle' ])
-</span>
-
-
-
-
- 
-<span class="delete">3.5 </span><span class="delete">Component 5: Alternate Entities</span>
-
-<span class="delete">3.5.1 </span><span class="delete">Alternate</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">24</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">alternateExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"alternateOf" "(" </span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Alternate maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Alternate</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">alternate1</span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">alternate2</span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span>
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 31</span>
-<span class="delete">alternateOf(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215,ex:alternate-20111215)
-</span><span class="delete">
-  Here  </span><span class="delete">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span><span class="delete"> is alternate for   </span><span class="delete">ex:alternate-20111215</span><span class="delete">.
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.5.2 </span><span class="delete">Specialization</span>
-
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">25</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">specializationExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"specializationOf" "(" </span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Specialization maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Specialization</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">specificEntity</span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">generalEntity</span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 32</span>
-<span class="delete">specializationOf(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215,tr:prov-dm)
-</span><span class="delete">
-    Here  </span><span class="delete">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span><span class="delete"> is a specialization of </span><span class="delete">tr:prov-dm</span><span class="delete">.
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 
-<span class="delete">3.6 </span><span class="delete">Component 6: Collections</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.6.1 </span><span class="delete">Collection</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">
-PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Collection and EmptyCollection. Instead, a Collection or an EmptyCollection </span><span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be expressed as an
-</span><span class="delete">entityExpression</span><span class="delete"> with attribute 
-</span><span class="delete">prov:type='prov:Collection'</span><span class="delete">, or
-</span><span class="delete">prov:type='prov:EmptyCollection'</span><span class="delete">, respectively.</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 33</span>
-<span class="delete">The  following two expressions are about a collection and an empty collection, respectively.
-</span><span class="delete">  entity(ex:col1,   [ prov:type='prov:Collection' ])
+  </pre>
+<p> Here  <span class="name">ex:author-view</span> is the name of the bundle. 
+</p>
+
+
+
+
+</div>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-bundle-type"> 
+<h4><span class="secno">3.4.2 </span>Bundle Type</h4>
+
+<p id="provn-type-Bundle">
+When described, a Bundle <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as an <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Bundle'</code>.</p>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_30"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_30">Example 30</a></div>
+<p>The bundle of
+<a href="#anexample-bundle1" class="anexample-ref"><span>Example 29</span></a> can be referred to as an an entity, and its provenance described.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  entity(ex:author-view,   [ prov:type='prov:Bundle' ])
+</pre>
+</div>
+</section>
+</section>
+
+<section id="component5"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.5 </span>Component 5: Alternate Entities</h3>
+<section id="expression-alternate">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.5.1 </span>Alternate</h4>
+
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-alternateExpression" data-name="prod-alternateExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">24</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">alternateExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"alternateOf" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Alternate maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-alternateof">Alternate</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#alternate.alternate1"><span class="attribute" id="alternate.alternate1">alternate1</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#alternate.alternate2"><span class="attribute" id="alternate.alternate2">alternate2</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_31"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_31">Example 31</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">alternateOf(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215,ex:alternate-20111215)
+</pre>
+  Here  <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is alternate for   <span class="name">ex:alternate-20111215</span>.
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+<section id="expression-specialization">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.5.2 </span>Specialization</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-specializationExpression" data-name="prod-specializationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">25</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">specializationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"specializationOf" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Specialization maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-specializationof">Specialization</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#specialization.specificEntity"><span class="attribute" id="specialization.specificEntity">specificEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#specialization.generalEntity"><span class="attribute" id="specialization.generalEntity">generalEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_32"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_32">Example 32</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">specializationOf(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215,tr:prov-dm)
+</pre>
+    Here  <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is a specialization of <span class="name">tr:prov-dm</span>.
+</div>
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+<section id="component6"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.6 </span>Component 6: Collections</h3>
+
+
+<section id="expression-collection">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.6.1 </span>Collection</h4>
+
+
+<p>
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Collection and EmptyCollection. Instead, a Collection or an EmptyCollection <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as an
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></code> with attribute 
+<span id="provn-type-Collection"><code>prov:type='prov:Collection'</code></span>, or
+<span id="provn-type-EmptyCollection"><code>prov:type='prov:EmptyCollection'</code></span>, respectively.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_33"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_33">Example 33</a></div>
+<p>The  following two expressions are about a collection and an empty collection, respectively.
+</p><pre class="codeexample">  entity(ex:col1,   [ prov:type='prov:Collection' ])
   entity(ex:col2,   [ prov:type='prov:EmptyCollection' ])
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.6.2 </span><span class="delete">Membership</span>
-
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">26</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">membershipExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"hadMember" "(" </span><span class="delete">cIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> "," </span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Membership maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Membership</span><span class="delete">Non-Terminal</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">collection</span><span class="delete">cIdentifier</span>
-
-<span class="delete">entity</span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 34</span>
-    <span class="delete">   hadMember(c, e1)   // c contained e1
+</pre>
+</div>
+</section>
+
+
+<section id="expression-collection-membership">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.6.2 </span>Membership</h4>
+
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-membershipExpression" data-name="prod-membershipExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">26</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">membershipExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"hadMember" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-cIdentifier">cIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Membership maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-hadmember">Membership</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#membership.collection"><span class="attribute" id="membership.collection">collection</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-cIdentifier">cIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#membership.entity"><span class="attribute" id="membership.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_34"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_34">Example 34</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">   hadMember(c, e1)   // c contained e1
    hadMember(c, e2)   // c contained e2 
-  </span>
-<span class="delete">  Here
-  </span><span class="delete">c</span><span class="delete"> is the  identifier for the collection whose membership is stated, and 
-  </span><span class="delete">e1</span><span class="delete"> and </span><span class="delete">e2</span><span class="delete"> are the entities that are members of collection c 
-
-
-</span>
-
-
-
-   
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.7 </span><span class="delete">Further Expressions</span><span class="delete">
+  </pre>
+<p>  Here
+  <span class="name">c</span> is the  identifier for the collection whose membership is stated, and 
+  <span class="name">e1</span> and <span class="name">e2</span> are the entities that are members of collection c 
+
+
+</p></div>
+
+</section>
+
+</section>   
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="subexpressions">
+<h3><span class="secno">3.7 </span>Further Expressions</h3>
 
 This section defines further expressions of PROV-N.
 
 
-</span>
-<span class="delete">3.7.1 </span><span class="delete">Identifier</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Various kinds of identifiers are used in productions.</span>
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">27</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">eIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">identifier</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">28</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">aIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">identifier</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">29</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">agIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">identifier</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">30</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">gIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">identifier</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">31</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">uIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">identifier</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">32</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">cIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">identifier</span>  
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">33</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">eIdentifierOrMarker</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">( </span><span class="delete">eIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> | "-" )</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">34</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">aIdentifierOrMarker</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">( </span><span class="delete">aIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> | "-" )</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">35</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">agIdentifierOrMarker</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">( </span><span class="delete">agIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> | "-" )</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">36</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">gIdentifierOrMarker</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">( </span><span class="delete">gIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> | "-" )</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">37</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">uIdentifierOrMarker</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">( </span><span class="delete">uIdentifier</span><span class="delete"> | "-" )</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">38</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">identifier</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME</span>  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">
-A </span><span class="delete">qualified name</span><span class="delete"> is a name subject to namespace interpretation. It consists of a namespace, denoted by an optional prefix, and a local name.
+<section id="expression-identifier">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.7.1 </span>Identifier</h4>
+
+<p>Various kinds of identifiers are used in productions.</p>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-eIdentifier" data-name="prod-eIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">27</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">eIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-aIdentifier" data-name="prod-aIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">28</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">aIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-agIdentifier" data-name="prod-agIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">29</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">agIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-gIdentifier" data-name="prod-gIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">30</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">gIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-uIdentifier" data-name="prod-uIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">31</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">uIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-cIdentifier" data-name="prod-cIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">32</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">cIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-eIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-eIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">33</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">eIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-aIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-aIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">34</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">aIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-agIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-agIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">35</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">agIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-gIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-gIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">36</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">gIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-gIdentifier">gIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-uIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-uIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">37</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">uIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-uIdentifier">uIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-identifier" data-name="prod-identifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">38</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">identifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>
+A <dfn id="dfn-qualifiedName">qualified name</dfn> is a name subject to namespace interpretation. It consists of a namespace, denoted by an optional prefix, and a local name.
 The PROV data model  stipulates that a qualified name can be mapped to an IRI
- by concatenating the IRI associated with the prefix and the local part.  This section provides the exact details of this procedure for qualified names defined by PROV-N. </span>
-
-<span class="delete">A qualified name's prefix is </span><span class="delete">OPTIONAL</span><span class="delete">. If a prefix occurs in a
- qualified name, the prefix </span><span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> refer to a namespace declared in a namespace declaration.  In the absence of prefix, the qualified name 
- belongs to the default namespace.</span>
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">A PROV-N qualified name (production </span><span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME</span><span class="delete">) has a more permissive syntax then XML's </span><span class="delete">QName</span><span class="delete"> [</span><span class="delete">XML-NAMES</span><span class="delete">]
-and SPARQL </span><span class="delete">PrefixedName</span><span class="delete"> [</span><span class="delete">RDF-SPARQL-QUERY</span><span class="delete">]. 
-A </span><span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME</span><span class="delete"> consists of a prefix and a local part. Prefixes follow the production </span><span class="delete">PN_PREFIX</span><span class="delete"> defined by SPARQL [</span><span class="delete">RDF-SPARQL-QUERY</span><span class="delete">]. Local parts have to be conformant with </span><span class="delete">PN_LOCAL</span><span class="delete">, which extends the original SPARQL </span><span class="delete">PN_LOCAL</span><span class="delete"> definition 
-by allowing further characters (see </span><span class="delete">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</span><span class="delete">):</span>
-
-<span class="delete"> an extra set of characters commonly encountered in IRIs;
-</span><span class="delete"> %-escaped characters (see </span><span class="delete">PERCENT</span><span class="delete">) to be interpreted as per
- Section 3.1.  Mapping of IRIs to URIs in [</span><span class="delete">RFC3987</span><span class="delete">];</span>
-<span class="delete"> and \-escaped characters (see </span><span class="delete">PN_CHARS_ESC</span><span class="delete">).</span>
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Given that 
+ by concatenating the IRI associated with the prefix and the local part.  This section provides the exact details of this procedure for qualified names defined by PROV-N. </p>
+
+<p>A qualified name's prefix is <em class="rfc2119" title="OPTIONAL">OPTIONAL</em>. If a prefix occurs in a
+ qualified name, the prefix <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> refer to a namespace declared in a namespace declaration.  In the absence of prefix, the qualified name 
+ belongs to the default namespace.</p>
+
+
+
+
+<p>A PROV-N qualified name (production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code>) has a more permissive syntax then XML's <code class="content"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/#NT-QName">QName</a></code> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-XML-NAMES">XML-NAMES</a></cite>]
+and SPARQL <code class="content"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115/#rPrefixedName">PrefixedName</a></code> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF-SPARQL-QUERY">RDF-SPARQL-QUERY</a></cite>]. 
+A <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> consists of a prefix and a local part. Prefixes follow the production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code> defined by SPARQL [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF-SPARQL-QUERY">RDF-SPARQL-QUERY</a></cite>]. Local parts have to be conformant with <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code>, which extends the original SPARQL <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code> definition 
+by allowing further characters (see <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</a></code>):</p>
+<ul>
+<li> an extra set of characters commonly encountered in IRIs;
+</li><li> %-escaped characters (see <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PERCENT">PERCENT</a></code>) to be interpreted as per
+ Section 3.1.  Mapping of IRIs to URIs in [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3987">RFC3987</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> and \-escaped characters (see <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_ESC">PN_CHARS_ESC</a></code>).</li>
+</ul>
+
+
+
+<p>Given that 
 '=' (equal),
 ''' (single quote),
 '(' (left bracket),
@@ -2370,28 +2402,28 @@
 '[' (left square bracket),
 ']' (right square bracket) are used by the PROV notation as delimiters, they are not allowed in local parts. 
 Instead, among those characters, those that are permitted in SPARQL
-</span><span class="delete">IRI_REF</span><span class="delete">  are also allowed in </span><span class="delete">PN_LOCAL</span><span class="delete"> if they are escaped by the '\' (backslash character) as per production </span><span class="delete">PN_CHARS_ESC</span><span class="delete">. Furthermore, '.' (dot), ':' (colon), '-' (hyphen) can also be \-escaped.</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">A PROV-N qualified name </span><span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME</span><span class="delete"> can be mapped to a valid IRI [</span><span class="delete">RFC3987</span><span class="delete">] by concatenating the namespace denoted  its local name </span><span class="delete">PN_PREFIX</span><span class="delete"> to the local name </span><span class="delete">PN_LOCAL</span><span class="delete">, whose \-escaped characters have been unescaped by dropping the character '\' (backslash).</span>
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></code>  are also allowed in <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code> if they are escaped by the '\' (backslash character) as per production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_ESC">PN_CHARS_ESC</a></code>. Furthermore, '.' (dot), ':' (colon), '-' (hyphen) can also be \-escaped.</p>
+
+
+
+<p>A PROV-N qualified name <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> can be mapped to a valid IRI [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3987">RFC3987</a></cite>] by concatenating the namespace denoted  its local name <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code> to the local name <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code>, whose \-escaped characters have been unescaped by dropping the character '\' (backslash).</p>
 
  
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">52</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">&lt;</span><span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME</span><span class="delete">&gt;</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">( </span><span class="delete">PN_PREFIX</span><span class="delete"> ":" )? </span><span class="delete">PN_LOCAL</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">PN_PREFIX</span><span class="delete"> ":"</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">53</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">&lt;</span><span class="delete">PN_LOCAL</span><span class="delete">&gt;</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">( </span><span class="delete">PN_CHARS_U</span><span class="delete"> | [0-9] | </span><span class="delete">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</span><span class="delete"> ) ( ( </span><span class="delete">PN_CHARS</span><span class="delete"> | "." | </span><span class="delete">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</span><span class="delete"> )* ( </span><span class="delete">PN_CHARS</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</span><span class="delete"> ) )?</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">54</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">&lt;</span><span class="delete">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</span><span class="delete">&gt;</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"/"</span><span class="delete"> | "@"</span><span class="delete"> | "~"</span><span class="delete"> | "&amp;"</span><span class="delete"> | "+"</span><span class="delete"> | "*"</span><span class="delete"> | "?"</span><span class="delete"> | "#"</span><span class="delete"> | "$"</span><span class="delete"> | "!"</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">PERCENT</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">PN_CHARS_ESC</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">55</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">&lt;</span><span class="delete">PN_CHARS_ESC</span><span class="delete">&gt;</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"\" ( "=" | "'" | "(" | ")" | "," | "-" | ":" | ";" | "[" | "]" | "." )</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">56</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">&lt;</span><span class="delete">PERCENT</span><span class="delete">&gt;</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"%" </span><span class="delete">HEX</span> <span class="delete">HEX</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">57</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">&lt;</span><span class="delete">HEX</span><span class="delete">&gt;</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">[0-9]</span><span class="delete"> | [A-F]</span><span class="delete"> | [a-f]</span>  
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 35</span>
-<span class="delete">Examples of articles on the BBC Web site seen as  entities.</span>
-<span class="delete">document
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME" data-name="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME"></a>[<span class="prodNo">52</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">QUALIFIED_NAME</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></span> ":" )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></span> ":"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-PN_LOCAL" data-name="prod-PN_LOCAL"></a>[<span class="prodNo">53</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">PN_LOCAL</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_CHARS_U">PN_CHARS_U</a></span> | [0-9] | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</a></span> ) ( ( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_CHARS">PN_CHARS</a></span> | "." | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</a></span> )* ( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_CHARS">PN_CHARS</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</a></span> ) )?</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS" data-name="prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS"></a>[<span class="prodNo">54</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"/"<br> | "@"<br> | "~"<br> | "&amp;"<br> | "+"<br> | "*"<br> | "?"<br> | "#"<br> | "$"<br> | "!"<br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PERCENT">PERCENT</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_ESC">PN_CHARS_ESC</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-PN_CHARS_ESC" data-name="prod-PN_CHARS_ESC"></a>[<span class="prodNo">55</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">PN_CHARS_ESC</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"\" ( "=" | "'" | "(" | ")" | "," | "-" | ":" | ";" | "[" | "]" | "." )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-PERCENT" data-name="prod-PERCENT"></a>[<span class="prodNo">56</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">PERCENT</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"%" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-HEX">HEX</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-HEX">HEX</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-HEX" data-name="prod-HEX"></a>[<span class="prodNo">57</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">HEX</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">[0-9]<br> | [A-F]<br> | [a-f]</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-qualified-name"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-qualified-name">Example 35</a></div>
+<p>Examples of articles on the BBC Web site seen as  entities.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
   prefix bbc &lt;http://www.bbc.co.uk/&gt;
   prefix bbcNews &lt;http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/&gt;
 
@@ -2402,13 +2434,13 @@
   entity(bbcNews:)                      // an alternative way of referring to the bbc news site
 
 endDocument
-</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 36</span>
-<span class="delete">Examples of entities with declared and default namespace.</span>
-<span class="delete">document
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-qualified-name2"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-qualified-name2">Example 36</a></div>
+<p>Examples of entities with declared and default namespace.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
   default &lt;http://example.org/2/&gt;
   prefix ex &lt;http://example.org/1/&gt;
 
@@ -2421,13 +2453,13 @@
   entity(c/)       //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/2/c/
   entity(ex:/)     //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/1//
 endDocument
-</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 37</span>
-<span class="delete">Examples of \-escaped characters.</span>
-<span class="delete">document
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-qualified-name3"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-qualified-name3">Example 37</a></div>
+<p>Examples of \-escaped characters.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
   prefix ex &lt;http://example.org/&gt;
   default &lt;http://example.org/default&gt;
 
@@ -2438,237 +2470,237 @@
   used(-;a1,e1,-)                // identifier not specified for usage  
   used(\-;a1,e1,-)               // usage identifier corresponds to http://example.org/default-
 endDocument
-</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Note:</span><span class="delete"> The productions for the terminals  </span><span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME</span><span class="delete"> and  </span><span class="delete">PN_PREFIX</span><span class="delete"> are conflicting.
-Indeed,  for a tokenizer operating independently of the parse tree, </span><span class="delete">abc</span><span class="delete"> matches both 
-</span><span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME</span><span class="delete"> and
-</span><span class="delete">PN_PREFIX</span><span class="delete">.
-  In the context of a </span><span class="delete">namespaceDeclaration</span><span class="delete">, a tokenizer should give  preference to the production </span><span class="delete">PN_PREFIX</span><span class="delete">.
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.7.2 </span><span class="delete">Attribute</span>
-
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">39</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">attribute</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME</span>  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">The  reserved attributes in the PROV namespace are the following.
-Their meaning is explained by [</span><span class="delete">PROV-DM</span><span class="delete">] (see </span><span class="delete">Section 5.7.2: Attribute</span><span class="delete">).
-</span>
-
-
-  <span class="delete">prov:label</span>
-  <span class="delete">prov:location</span>
-  <span class="delete">prov:role</span>
-  <span class="delete">prov:type</span>
-  <span class="delete">prov:value</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.7.3 </span><span class="delete">Literal</span>
-
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">40</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">literal</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">typedLiteral</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">convenienceNotation</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">41</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">typedLiteral</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">STRING_LITERAL</span><span class="delete"> "%%" </span><span class="delete">datatype</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">42</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">datatype</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">43</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">convenienceNotation</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">STRING_LITERAL</span><span class="delete"> (</span><span class="delete">LANGTAG</span><span class="delete">)?</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">INT_LITERAL</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">58</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">&lt;</span><span class="delete">STRING_LITERAL</span><span class="delete">&gt;</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">STRING_LITERAL2</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">STRING_LITERAL_LONG2</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">60</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">&lt;</span><span class="delete">INT_LITERAL</span><span class="delete">&gt;</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">("-")? (</span><span class="delete">DIGIT</span><span class="delete">)+</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">62</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">&lt;</span><span class="delete">DIGIT</span><span class="delete">&gt;</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">[0-9]</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">61</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">&lt;</span><span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL</span><span class="delete">&gt;</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"'" </span><span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME</span><span class="delete"> "'"</span>  
-
-
-<span class="delete">In production </span><span class="delete">datatype</span><span class="delete">, the </span><span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME</span><span class="delete"> is used to denote a </span><span class="delete">PROV data type</span><span class="delete"> [</span><span class="delete">PROV-DM</span><span class="delete">].
-
-
-</span><span class="delete">The non terminals
-</span><span class="delete">STRING_LITERAL</span><span class="delete">,
-</span><span class="delete">INT_LITERAL</span><span class="delete">, and
-</span><span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL</span><span class="delete">
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<p><b>Note:</b> The productions for the terminals  <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> and  <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code> are conflicting.
+Indeed,  for a tokenizer operating independently of the parse tree, <code>abc</code> matches both 
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> and
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code>.
+  In the context of a <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></code>, a tokenizer should give  preference to the production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code>.
+</p>
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-attribute">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.7.2 </span>Attribute</h4>
+
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-attribute" data-name="prod-attribute"></a>[<span class="prodNo">39</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">attribute</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The  reserved attributes in the PROV namespace are the following.
+Their meaning is explained by [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>] (see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute">Section 5.7.2: Attribute</a>).
+</p>
+
+<ol>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-label"><span class="name">prov:label</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-location"><span class="name">prov:location</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-role"><span class="name">prov:role</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-type"><span class="name">prov:type</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-value"><span class="name">prov:value</span></a>
+</li></ol>
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="expression-literal">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.7.3 </span>Literal</h4>
+
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-literal" data-name="prod-literal"></a>[<span class="prodNo">40</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">literal</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-typedLiteral">typedLiteral</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-convenienceNotation">convenienceNotation</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-typedLiteral" data-name="prod-typedLiteral"></a>[<span class="prodNo">41</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">typedLiteral</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></span> "%%" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-datatype">datatype</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-datatype" data-name="prod-datatype"></a>[<span class="prodNo">42</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">datatype</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-convenienceNotation" data-name="prod-convenienceNotation"></a>[<span class="prodNo">43</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">convenienceNotation</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></span> (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rLANGTAG">LANGTAG</a></span>)?<br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL">QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-STRING_LITERAL" data-name="prod-STRING_LITERAL"></a>[<span class="prodNo">58</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">STRING_LITERAL</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rSTRING_LITERAL2">STRING_LITERAL2</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rSTRING_LITERAL_LONG2">STRING_LITERAL_LONG2</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-INT_LITERAL" data-name="prod-INT_LITERAL"></a>[<span class="prodNo">60</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">INT_LITERAL</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">("-")? (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-DIGIT">DIGIT</a></span>)+</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-DIGIT" data-name="prod-DIGIT"></a>[<span class="prodNo">62</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">DIGIT</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">[0-9]</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL" data-name="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL"></a>[<span class="prodNo">61</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"'" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span> "'"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>In production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-datatype">datatype</a></code>, the <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> is used to denote a <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-value">PROV data type</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>].
+
+
+</p><p>The non terminals
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></code>,
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></code>, and
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL">QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL</a></code>
 are syntactic sugar for quoted strings with datatype 
-</span><span class="delete">xsd:string</span><span class="delete">,
-</span><span class="delete">xsd:int</span><span class="delete">, and
-</span><span class="delete">prov:QUALIFIED_NAME</span><span class="delete">
+<code class="content"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#string"><span class="name">xsd:string</span></a></code>,
+<code class="content"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#int"><span class="name">xsd:int</span></a></code>, and
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">prov:QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code>
 respectively.
-</span>
-
-<span class="delete"> In particular, a Literal may be an IRI-typed string (with datatype </span><span class="delete">xsd:anyURI</span><span class="delete">);  such IRI has no specific interpretation in the context of PROV.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Note:</span><span class="delete"> The productions for terminals </span><span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME</span><span class="delete"> and
-</span><span class="delete">INT_LITERAL</span><span class="delete"> are conflicting.  
-Indeed, for a tokenizer operating independently of the parse tree, </span><span class="delete">1234</span><span class="delete"> matches both </span><span class="delete">INT_LITERAL</span><span class="delete"> and </span><span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME</span><span class="delete"> (local name without prefix). In the context of
-a </span><span class="delete">convenienceNotation</span><span class="delete">, a tokenizer should give preference to the production
-</span><span class="delete">INT_LITERAL</span><span class="delete">. 
-</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Example 38</span>
-<span class="delete">
-The following examples illustrate convenience notations.</span>
-
-<span class="delete">The two following expressions are strings; if </span><span class="delete">datatype</span><span class="delete"> is not specified, it is </span><span class="delete">xsd:string</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-<span class="delete">  "abc" %% xsd:string
+</p>
+
+<p> In particular, a Literal may be an IRI-typed string (with datatype <span class="name">xsd:anyURI</span>);  such IRI has no specific interpretation in the context of PROV.</p>
+
+
+<p><b>Note:</b> The productions for terminals <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> and
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></code> are conflicting.  
+Indeed, for a tokenizer operating independently of the parse tree, <code>1234</code> matches both <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></code> and <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> (local name without prefix). In the context of
+a <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-convenienceNotation">convenienceNotation</a></code>, a tokenizer should give preference to the production
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></code>. 
+</p>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-convenience"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-convenience">Example 38</a></div>
+<p>
+The following examples illustrate convenience notations.</p>
+
+<p>The two following expressions are strings; if <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-datatype">datatype</a></code> is not specified, it is <code>xsd:string</code>.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  "abc" %% xsd:string
   "abc"
-</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">The two following expressions are integers. For convenience, numbers, expressed as digits optionally preceded by a minus sign, can occur without quotes.</span>
-<span class="delete">  "1234" %% xsd:integer
+</pre>
+
+
+<p>The two following expressions are integers. For convenience, numbers, expressed as digits optionally preceded by a minus sign, can occur without quotes.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  "1234" %% xsd:integer
   1234
   "-1234" %% xsd:integer
   -1234
-</span>
-
-<span class="delete">The two following expressions are qualified names. Values of type qualified name can be conveniently expressed within single quotes.</span>
-<span class="delete">  "ex:value" %% prov:QUALIFIED_NAME
+</pre>
+
+<p>The two following expressions are qualified names. Values of type qualified name can be conveniently expressed within single quotes.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  "ex:value" %% prov:QUALIFIED_NAME
   'ex:value'
-</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 39</span>
-<span class="delete">
-The following examples respectively are the string "abc", the string (in French) "bonjour", the integer number 1, and the IRI "http://example.org/foo".</span>
-<span class="delete">  "abc"
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-value"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-value">Example 39</a></div>
+<p>
+The following examples respectively are the string "abc", the string (in French) "bonjour", the integer number 1, and the IRI "http://example.org/foo".</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  "abc"
   "bonjour"@fr
   "1" %% xsd:integer
   "http://example.org/foo" %% xsd:anyURI
-</span>
-<span class="delete">The following examples respectively are the floating point number 1.01 and the boolean true.</span>
-<span class="delete">  "1.01" %% xsd:float
+</pre>
+<p>The following examples respectively are the floating point number 1.01 and the boolean true.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  "1.01" %% xsd:float
   "true" %% xsd:boolean
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.7.3.1 </span><span class="delete">Reserved Type Values</span>
-
-<span class="delete">The  reserved type values in the PROV namespace are the following.
-Their meaning is defined [</span><span class="delete">PROV-DM</span><span class="delete">] (see </span><span class="delete">Section 5.7.2.4: prov:type</span><span class="delete">).
-</span>
-
-
-  <span class="delete">prov:Bundle</span>
-  <span class="delete">prov:Collection</span>
-  <span class="delete">prov:EmptyCollection</span>
-  <span class="delete">prov:Organization</span>
-  <span class="delete">prov:Person</span>
-  <span class="delete">prov:Plan</span>
-  <span class="delete">prov:PrimarySource</span>
-  <span class="delete">prov:Quotation</span>
-  <span class="delete">prov:Revision</span>
-  <span class="delete">prov:SoftwareAgent</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 40</span>
-<span class="delete">The agent </span><span class="delete">ag</span><span class="delete"> is a person (type: </span><span class="delete">prov:Person</span><span class="delete">), whereas the entity 
-</span><span class="delete">pl</span><span class="delete"> is a plan (type: </span><span class="delete">prov:Plan</span><span class="delete">).</span>
-<span class="delete">agent(ag,  [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<section id="expression-types">
+<h5><span class="secno">3.7.3.1 </span>Reserved Type Values</h5>
+
+<p>The  reserved type values in the PROV namespace are the following.
+Their meaning is defined [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>] (see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-type">Section 5.7.2.4: prov:type</a>).
+</p>
+
+<ol>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-bundle-entity"><span class="name">prov:Bundle</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-collection"><span class="name">prov:Collection</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-empty-collection"><span class="name">prov:EmptyCollection</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-organization"><span class="name">prov:Organization</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-person"><span class="name">prov:Person</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-plan"><span class="name">prov:Plan</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-primary-source"><span class="name">prov:PrimarySource</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-quotation"><span class="name">prov:Quotation</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-revision"><span class="name">prov:Revision</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-software-agent"><span class="name">prov:SoftwareAgent</span></a>
+</li></ol>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-types"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-types">Example 40</a></div>
+<p>The agent <span class="name">ag</span> is a person (type: <span class="name">prov:Person</span>), whereas the entity 
+<span class="name">pl</span> is a plan (type: <span class="name">prov:Plan</span>).</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">agent(ag,  [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
 entity(pl, [ prov:type='prov:Plan' ])
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.7.3.2 </span><span class="delete">Time Values</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Time instants</span><span class="delete"> are defined according to xsd:dateTime [</span><span class="delete">XMLSCHEMA11-2</span><span class="delete">].</span> 
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">44</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">time</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">DATETIME</span>  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 41</span>
-
-<span class="delete">The third argument in the following usage expression is a time instance, namely 4pm on 2011-11-16.</span>
-<span class="delete">used(ex:act2, ar3:0111, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.7.4 </span><span class="delete">Namespace Declaration</span>
-
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">45</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">namespaceDeclarations</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">( </span><span class="delete">defaultNamespaceDeclaration</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">namespaceDeclaration</span><span class="delete"> ) (</span><span class="delete">namespaceDeclaration</span><span class="delete">)*</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">46</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">namespaceDeclaration</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"prefix" </span><span class="delete">PN_PREFIX</span> <span class="delete">namespace</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">47</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">defaultNamespaceDeclaration</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"default" </span><span class="delete">IRI_REF</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">48</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">namespace</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">IRI_REF</span>  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">A </span><span class="delete">namespaceDeclaration</span><span class="delete"> consists of a binding between a prefix and a namespace. Every qualified name with this prefix in the scope of this declaration belongs to this namespace. 
-A </span><span class="delete">defaultNamespaceDeclaration</span><span class="delete"> consists of a namespace. Every qualified name without prefix in the scope of this declaration belongs to this namespace. Scope of a prefix-namespace declaration is specified as follows:</span>
-
-<span class="delete"> 
-The scope of a prefix-namespace declaration directly occurring in a </span><span class="delete">bundle</span><span class="delete"> is the </span><span class="delete">bundle</span><span class="delete"> itself.</span>
-<span class="delete">
-The scope of a prefix-namespace declaration directly occurring in a </span><span class="delete">document</span><span class="delete"> is the </span><span class="delete">document</span><span class="delete"> including the </span><span class="delete">bundles</span><span class="delete"> it contains but excluding those </span><span class="delete">bundles</span><span class="delete"> that re-declare this prefix.</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">A set of namespace declarations </span><span class="delete">namespaceDeclarations</span> <span class="delete">MUST NOT</span><span class="delete"> re-declare the same prefix.</span>
-
-<span class="delete">A set of namespace declarations </span><span class="delete">namespaceDeclarations</span><span class="delete"> occurring in a bundle </span><span class="delete">MAY</span><span class="delete"> re-declare a prefix declared in a surrounding document.</span>
-
-<span class="delete">A namespace declaration </span><span class="delete">namespaceDeclaration</span> <span class="delete">MUST NOT</span><span class="delete"> declare prefixes </span><span class="delete">prov</span><span class="delete"> and </span><span class="delete">xsd</span><span class="delete">  (see </span><span class="delete">Table 1</span><span class="delete"> for their IRI).</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 42</span>
-<span class="delete">The following example declares three namespaces, one default, and two with explicit prefixes </span><span class="delete">ex1</span><span class="delete"> and </span><span class="delete">ex2</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-<span class="delete">document
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-Time">
+<h5><span class="secno">3.7.3.2 </span>Time Values</h5>
+
+<p><dfn id="dfn-time">Time instants</dfn> are defined according to xsd:dateTime [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-XMLSCHEMA11-2">XMLSCHEMA11-2</a></cite>].</p> 
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-time" data-name="prod-time"></a>[<span class="prodNo">44</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">time</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#nt-dateTimeRep">DATETIME</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-time"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-time">Example 41</a></div>
+
+<p>The third argument in the following usage expression is a time instance, namely 4pm on 2011-11-16.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">used(ex:act2, ar3:0111, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="expression-NamespaceDeclaration">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.7.4 </span>Namespace Declaration</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-namespaceDeclarations" data-name="prod-namespaceDeclarations"></a>[<span class="prodNo">45</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">namespaceDeclarations</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-defaultNamespaceDeclaration">defaultNamespaceDeclaration</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></span> ) (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></span>)*</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-namespaceDeclaration" data-name="prod-namespaceDeclaration"></a>[<span class="prodNo">46</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">namespaceDeclaration</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"prefix" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespace">namespace</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-defaultNamespaceDeclaration" data-name="prod-defaultNamespaceDeclaration"></a>[<span class="prodNo">47</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">defaultNamespaceDeclaration</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"default" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-namespace" data-name="prod-namespace"></a>[<span class="prodNo">48</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">namespace</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>A <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></code> consists of a binding between a prefix and a namespace. Every qualified name with this prefix in the scope of this declaration belongs to this namespace. 
+A <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-defaultNamespaceDeclaration">defaultNamespaceDeclaration</a></code> consists of a namespace. Every qualified name without prefix in the scope of this declaration belongs to this namespace. Scope of a prefix-namespace declaration is specified as follows:</p>
+<ul>
+<li> 
+The scope of a prefix-namespace declaration directly occurring in a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code> is the <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code> itself.</li>
+<li>
+The scope of a prefix-namespace declaration directly occurring in a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-document">document</a></code> is the <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-document">document</a></code> including the <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundles</a></code> it contains but excluding those <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundles</a></code> that re-declare this prefix.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>A set of namespace declarations <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST NOT">MUST NOT</em> re-declare the same prefix.</p>
+
+<p>A set of namespace declarations <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code> occurring in a bundle <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> re-declare a prefix declared in a surrounding document.</p>
+
+<p>A namespace declaration <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></code> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST NOT">MUST NOT</em> declare prefixes <span class="name">prov</span> and <span class="name">xsd</span>  (see <a href="#namespace-table">Table 1</a> for their IRI).</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-namespace"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-namespace">Example 42</a></div>
+<p>The following example declares three namespaces, one default, and two with explicit prefixes <span class="name">ex1</span> and <span class="name">ex2</span>.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
   default &lt;http://example.org/0/&gt;
   prefix ex1 &lt;http://example.org/1/&gt;
   prefix ex2 &lt;http://example.org/2/&gt;
 ...
 endDocument
-</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 43</span>
-<span class="delete">In the following example, a document declares a default namespace and the occurrence of
-</span><span class="delete">e001</span><span class="delete"> directly occurring in the document refers to that namespace.
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-namespace-scope"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-namespace-scope">Example 43</a></div>
+<p>In the following example, a document declares a default namespace and the occurrence of
+<code>e001</code> directly occurring in the document refers to that namespace.
 A nested bundle also declares a default namespace, but with a different IRI.
 In that  bundle, the occurrences of
-</span><span class="delete">e001</span><span class="delete">, including the bundle name, refer to the latest default namespace.</span>
-<span class="delete">document
+<code>e001</code>, including the bundle name, refer to the latest default namespace.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
   default &lt;http://example.org/1/&gt;
   entity(e001)                             // IRI: http://example.org/1/e001
 
@@ -2677,16 +2709,16 @@
     entity(e001)                           // IRI: http://example.org/2/e001
   endBundle
 endDocument
-</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 44</span>
-<span class="delete">In the following example, a document declares a namespace with prefix </span><span class="delete">ex</span><span class="delete"> and the occurrence of
-</span><span class="delete">ex:e001</span><span class="delete"> directly occurring in the document refers to that namespace.
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-namespace-scope2"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-namespace-scope2">Example 44</a></div>
+<p>In the following example, a document declares a namespace with prefix <code>ex</code> and the occurrence of
+<code>ex:e001</code> directly occurring in the document refers to that namespace.
 In a nested bundle, the occurrence of
-</span><span class="delete">ex:e001</span><span class="delete"> also  refers to the same namespace.</span>
-<span class="delete">document
+<code>ex:e001</code> also  refers to the same namespace.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
   prefix ex &lt;http://example.org/1/&gt;
   entity(ex:e001)                            // IRI: http://example.org/1/e001
 
@@ -2694,115 +2726,115 @@
     entity(ex:001)                           // IRI: http://example.org/1/e001
   endBundle
 endDocument
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">3.7.5 </span><span class="delete">Summary of additional semantic rules</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Some of the grammar productions allow for expressions that are syntactically correct, and yet according to [</span><span class="delete">PROV-DM</span><span class="delete">] they are not acceptable, because additional semantic rules are defined for those expressions.
- The following table provides a summary of such expressions along with examples of syntactically correct but unacceptable forms, and the additional semantic rules.</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Table 2: Summary of additional semantic rules for grammar productions</span>
-<span class="delete">Production</span>
-     <span class="delete">Examples of syntactically correct expressions</span>
-     <span class="delete">Additional semantic rule</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Generation expression</span>
-    <span class="delete">wasGeneratedBy(e2, -, -)</span><span class="delete">wasGeneratedBy(-; e2, -, -)</span>
-    <span class="delete">At least one  of </span><span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">, </span><span class="delete">activity</span><span class="delete">, </span><span class="delete">time</span><span class="delete">, and  </span><span class="delete">attributes</span> <span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be present.</span>  
-
-<span class="delete">Usage expression</span>
-<span class="delete">used(a2, -, -)</span><span class="delete">used(-; a2, -, -)</span>
-<span class="delete">At least one  of </span><span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">, </span><span class="delete">entity</span><span class="delete">, </span><span class="delete">time</span><span class="delete">, and  </span><span class="delete">attributes</span> <span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be present</span>
-
-
-<span class="delete">Start expression</span>
- <span class="delete">wasStartedBy(e2, -, -, -)</span><span class="delete">wasStartedBy(-; e2, -, -, -)</span>
-<span class="delete">At least one  of </span><span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">, </span><span class="delete">trigger</span><span class="delete">, </span><span class="delete">starter</span><span class="delete">, </span><span class="delete">time</span><span class="delete">, and  </span><span class="delete">attributes</span> <span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be present</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">End expression</span>
-<span class="delete">wasEndedBy(e2, -, -, -)</span><span class="delete">wasEndedBy(-; e2, -, -, -)</span>
-<span class="delete">At least one  of </span><span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">, </span><span class="delete">trigger</span><span class="delete">, </span><span class="delete">ender</span><span class="delete">, </span><span class="delete">time</span><span class="delete">, and  </span><span class="delete">attributes</span> <span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be present</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Invalidation expression</span>
-<span class="delete">wasInvalidatedBy(e2, -, -)</span>  <span class="delete">wasInvalidatedBy(-; e2, -, -)</span>
-<span class="delete">At least one  of </span><span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">, </span><span class="delete">activity</span><span class="delete">, </span><span class="delete">time</span><span class="delete">, and  </span><span class="delete">attributes</span> <span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be present</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Association expression</span>
-<span class="delete">wasAssociatedWith(a, -, -)</span> <span class="delete">wasAssociatedWith(-; a, -, -)</span>
-<span class="delete">At least one of </span><span class="delete">id</span><span class="delete">, </span><span class="delete">agent</span><span class="delete">,  </span><span class="delete">plan</span><span class="delete">, and  </span><span class="delete">attributes</span>  <span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be present</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-  
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">4. </span><span class="delete">Document</span>
-
-<span class="delete">A </span><span class="delete">document</span><span class="delete"> is a house-keeping construct of PROV-N capable of packaging up PROV-N expressions and namespace declarations.  A document forms a self-contained package of provenance descriptions for the purpose of </span><span class="delete">exchanging</span><span class="delete"> them.  A document may be used
- to  package up PROV-N expressions in response to a request for the provenance of something ([</span><span class="delete">PROV-AQ</span><span class="delete">]).</span>
-
-<span class="delete"> Given its status of house keeping construct for the purpose of exchanging provenance expressions,  a document is not defined as a PROV-N expression (production </span><span class="delete">expression</span><span class="delete">).</span> 
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">A document's text matches the </span><span class="delete">document</span><span class="delete"> production.</span>
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">1</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">document</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"document" (</span><span class="delete">namespaceDeclarations</span><span class="delete">)? (</span><span class="delete">expression</span><span class="delete">)* (</span><span class="delete">bundle</span><span class="delete">)* "endDocument"</span>  
-
-
-<span class="delete">A document contains:
-</span>
-<span class="delete">namespaceDeclarations</span><span class="delete">: a set of namespace declarations </span><span class="delete">namespaceDeclarations</span><span class="delete">, declaring namespaces and associated prefixes, which can be used in attributes and identifiers occurring inside  </span><span class="delete">expressions</span><span class="delete"> or </span><span class="delete">bundles</span><span class="delete">;</span>
-<span class="delete">expressions</span><span class="delete">:  a set of expressions, each matching </span><span class="delete">expression</span><span class="delete">;</span>
-<span class="delete">bundles</span><span class="delete">:  a  set of expressions, each matching
-</span><span class="delete">bundle</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Thus, bundles </span><span class="delete">MAY</span><span class="delete"> occur inside a document, but do not appear inside other bundles.
-</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 45</span>
-<span class="delete">
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="semantic-rules-summary">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.7.5 </span>Summary of additional semantic rules</h4>
+
+<p>Some of the grammar productions allow for expressions that are syntactically correct, and yet according to [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>] they are not acceptable, because additional semantic rules are defined for those expressions.
+ The following table provides a summary of such expressions along with examples of syntactically correct but unacceptable forms, and the additional semantic rules.</p>
+
+<div style="text-align: left;">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<caption id="validity-rules-table">Table 2: Summary of additional semantic rules for grammar productions</caption>
+<tbody><tr><td><b>Production</b></td>
+     <td><b>Examples of syntactically correct expressions</b></td>
+     <td><b>Additional semantic rule</b></td>
+</tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-generationExpression">Generation expression</a></td>
+    <td><span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(e2, -, -)</span><br><span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(-; e2, -, -)</span></td>
+    <td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.activity"><span class="attribute">activity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present.</td>  
+</tr>
+<tr><td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-usageExpression">Usage expression</a></td>
+<td><span class="name">used(a2, -, -)</span><br><span class="name">used(-; a2, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.entity"><span class="attribute">entity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-startExpression">Start expression</a></td>
+<td> <span class="name">wasStartedBy(e2, -, -, -)</span><br><span class="name">wasStartedBy(-; e2, -, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.trigger"><span class="attribute">trigger</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.starter"><span class="attribute">starter</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-endExpression">End expression</a></td>
+<td><span class="name">wasEndedBy(e2, -, -, -)</span><br><span class="name">wasEndedBy(-; e2, -, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.trigger"><span class="attribute">trigger</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.ender"><span class="attribute">ender</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-invalidationExpression">Invalidation expression</a></td>
+<td><span class="name">wasInvalidatedBy(e2, -, -)</span>  <br><span class="name">wasInvalidatedBy(-; e2, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.activity"><span class="attribute">activity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-associationExpression">Association expression</a></td>
+<td><span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(a, -, -)</span> <br><span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(-; a, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.agent"><span class="attribute">agent</span></a>,  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.plan"><span class="attribute">plan</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a>  <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+</tr>
+
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+</section>
+
+</section>
+
+
+</section>  
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="document">
+<h2><span class="secno">4. </span>Document</h2>
+
+<p>A <dfn id="dfn-document">document</dfn> is a house-keeping construct of PROV-N capable of packaging up PROV-N expressions and namespace declarations.  A document forms a self-contained package of provenance descriptions for the purpose of <em>exchanging</em> them.  A document may be used
+ to  package up PROV-N expressions in response to a request for the provenance of something ([<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-AQ">PROV-AQ</a></cite>]).</p>
+
+<p> Given its status of house keeping construct for the purpose of exchanging provenance expressions,  a document is not defined as a PROV-N expression (production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code>).</p> 
+
+
+
+
+
+<p>A document's text matches the <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-document">document</a></code> production.</p>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-document" data-name="prod-document"></a>[<span class="prodNo">1</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">document</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"document" (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></span>)? (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></span>)* (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></span>)* "endDocument"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>A document contains:
+</p><ul>
+<li><em>namespaceDeclarations</em>: a set of namespace declarations <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code>, declaring namespaces and associated prefixes, which can be used in attributes and identifiers occurring inside  <em>expressions</em> or <em>bundles</em>;</li>
+<li><em>expressions</em>:  a set of expressions, each matching <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code>;</li>
+<li><em>bundles</em>:  a  set of expressions, each matching
+<code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code>.</li>
+</ul>
+
+
+<p>Thus, bundles <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> occur inside a document, but do not appear inside other bundles.
+</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_45"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_45">Example 45</a></div>
+<p>
 The following document contains expressions related to the provenance of entity 
-</span><span class="delete">e2</span><span class="delete">.
-</span>
-<span class="delete">document
+<span class="name">e2</span>.
+</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
   default &lt;http://anotherexample.org/&gt;
   prefix ex &lt;http://example.org/&gt;
 
@@ -2814,108 +2846,108 @@
   agent(ag2, [ prov:type='prov:Person', ex:name="Bob" ])
 
 endDocument
-</span>
-<span class="delete">This container could for instance be returned as the result of a query to a provenance store for the provenance of entity </span><span class="delete">e2</span><span class="delete"> [</span><span class="delete">PROV-AQ</span><span class="delete">].  
-</span>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">5. </span><span class="delete">Extensibility</span>
-
-<span class="delete">The PROV data model is extensible by means of attributes </span><span class="delete">prov:type</span><span class="delete"> and </span><span class="delete">prov:role</span><span class="delete"> allowing subtyping of expressions.  For some applications, novel  syntax may also be convenient. Hence, the normative requirements are as follow.</span>
-
-<span class="delete"> PROV-N compliant parsers </span><span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be able to parse expressions matching the </span><span class="delete">extensibilityExpression</span><span class="delete"> production defined below.
-</span><span class="delete"> As PROV provides no definition for these expressions, PROV compliant implementations 
- </span><span class="delete">MAY</span><span class="delete"> ignore these expressions.</span>
-<span class="delete"> Extensions to PROV and PROV-N </span><span class="delete">MAY</span><span class="delete"> specify more specific productions and interpretations for these expressions, which applications </span><span class="delete">MAY</span><span class="delete"> elect to follow. </span>
-
-
-
-
-
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">49</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">extensibilityExpression</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">QUALIFIED_NAME</span><span class="delete"> "(" </span><span class="delete">optionalIdentifier</span> <span class="delete">extensibilityArgument</span><span class="delete"> ( "," </span><span class="delete">extensibilityArgument</span><span class="delete"> )* </span><span class="delete">optionalAttributeValuePairs</span><span class="delete"> ")"</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">50</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">extensibilityArgument</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">( </span><span class="delete">identifierOrMarker</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">literal</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">time</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">extensibilityExpression</span><span class="delete"> | </span><span class="delete">extensibilityTuple</span><span class="delete"> )</span>  
-  <span class="delete">[</span><span class="delete">51</span><span class="delete">]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">extensibilityTuple</span> <span class="delete">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> <span class="delete">"{" </span><span class="delete">extensibilityArgument</span><span class="delete"> ( "," </span><span class="delete">extensibilityArgument</span><span class="delete"> )* "}"</span><span class="delete"> | "(" </span><span class="delete">extensibilityArgument</span><span class="delete"> ( "," </span><span class="delete">extensibilityArgument</span><span class="delete"> )* ")"</span>  
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Expressions compatible with the
-</span><span class="delete">extensibilityExpression</span><span class="delete"> production follow a general form of functional syntax, in which the predicate </span><span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> be a
-</span><span class="delete">qualifiedName</span><span class="delete">
-with a non-empty </span><span class="delete">prefix</span><span class="delete">.</span>
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">Example 46</span>
-
-<span class="delete">Collections</span><span class="delete"> are sets of entities, whose membership can be expressed using the </span><span class="delete">hadMember</span><span class="delete"> relation.  The following example shows how one can express membership for </span><span class="delete">dictionaries</span><span class="delete">, an illustrative extension of Collections consisting of sets of key-entity pairs, where a key is a </span><span class="delete">literal</span><span class="delete">. The notation is a variation of that used for Collections membership, allowing multiple member elements to be declared, and in which the elements are pairs. The name of the relation is qualified with the extension-specific namespace </span><span class="delete">http://example.org/dictionaries</span><span class="delete">.
-</span>
-<span class="delete">  prefix dictExt &lt;http://example.org/dictionaries#&gt;
+</pre>
+<p>This container could for instance be returned as the result of a query to a provenance store for the provenance of entity <span class="name">e2</span> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-AQ">PROV-AQ</a></cite>].  
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="extensibility">
+<h2><span class="secno">5. </span>Extensibility</h2>
+
+<p>The PROV data model is extensible by means of attributes <span class="name">prov:type</span> and <span class="name">prov:role</span> allowing subtyping of expressions.  For some applications, novel  syntax may also be convenient. Hence, the normative requirements are as follow.</p>
+<ul>
+<li> PROV-N compliant parsers <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be able to parse expressions matching the <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></code> production defined below.
+</li><li> As PROV provides no definition for these expressions, PROV compliant implementations 
+ <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> ignore these expressions.</li>
+<li> Extensions to PROV and PROV-N <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> specify more specific productions and interpretations for these expressions, which applications <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> elect to follow. </li>
+</ul>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-extensibilityExpression" data-name="prod-extensibilityExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">49</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">extensibilityExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span> "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> )* <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-extensibilityArgument" data-name="prod-extensibilityArgument"></a>[<span class="prodNo">50</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">extensibilityArgument</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifierOrMarker">identifierOrMarker</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-literal">literal</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-time">time</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityTuple">extensibilityTuple</a></span> )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-extensibilityTuple" data-name="prod-extensibilityTuple"></a>[<span class="prodNo">51</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">extensibilityTuple</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"{" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> )* "}"<br> | "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> )* ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>Expressions compatible with the
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></code> production follow a general form of functional syntax, in which the predicate <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be a
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">qualifiedName</a></code>
+with a non-empty <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">prefix</a></code>.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_46"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_46">Example 46</a></div>
+<p>
+<a href="#component6">Collections</a> are sets of entities, whose membership can be expressed using the <span class="name">hadMember</span> relation.  The following example shows how one can express membership for <em>dictionaries</em>, an illustrative extension of Collections consisting of sets of key-entity pairs, where a key is a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-literal">literal</a></code>. The notation is a variation of that used for Collections membership, allowing multiple member elements to be declared, and in which the elements are pairs. The name of the relation is qualified with the extension-specific namespace <span class="name">http://example.org/dictionaries</span>.
+</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  prefix dictExt &lt;http://example.org/dictionaries#&gt;
   dictExt:hadMembers(mId; d, {("k1",e1), ("k2",e2), ("k3",e3)}, []) 
-</span><span class="delete">
-
-Note that the generic </span><span class="delete">extensibilityExpression</span><span class="delete"> production  above allows for alternative notations to be used for expressing membership, if the designers of the extensions so desire. Here is an alternate syntax that is consistent with the productions:
-</span><span class="delete">  prefix dictExt &lt;http://example.org/dictionaries#&gt;
+</pre>
+
+Note that the generic <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></code> production  above allows for alternative notations to be used for expressing membership, if the designers of the extensions so desire. Here is an alternate syntax that is consistent with the productions:
+<pre class="codeexample">  prefix dictExt &lt;http://example.org/dictionaries#&gt;
   dictExt:hadMembers(mid; d, dictExt:set(dictExt:pair("k1",e1), 
                                          dictExt:pair("k2",e2), 
                                          dictExt:pair("k3",e3)), 
                             [dictExt:uniqueKeys="true"]) 
-</span>
-
-  
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<span class="delete">6. </span><span class="delete">Media Type</span>
-
-<span class="delete">
-The media type of PROV-N is </span><span class="delete">text/provenance-notation</span><span class="delete">. The content encoding of PROV-N content is UTF-8.
-</span>
-
+</pre>
 
   
-      <span class="delete">Contact:</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Ivan Herman</span> 
-      <span class="delete">See also:</span> 
-      <span class="delete">How to Register a Media Type for a </span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete"> Specification</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Internet Media Type registration, consistency of use</span><span class="delete">TAG Finding 3 June 2002 (Revised 4 September 2002)</span> 
-     
-    <span class="delete">The Internet Media Type / MIME Type for PROV-N is "text/provenance-notation".</span> 
-    <span class="delete">It is recommended that PROV-N files have the extension ".provn" (all lowercase) on all platforms.</span> 
-    <span class="delete">It is recommended that PROV-N files stored on Macintosh HFS file systems be given a file type of "TEXT".</span> 
-    <span class="delete">The information that follows has been </span><span class="delete">submitted to the IESG</span><span class="delete"> for review, approval, and registration with IANA.</span> 
-     
-      <span class="delete">Type name:</span> 
-      <span class="delete">text</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Subtype name:</span> 
-      <span class="delete">provenance-notation</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Required parameters:</span> 
-      <span class="delete">charset</span><span class="delete"> — the value of </span><span class="delete">charset</span> <span class="delete">MUST</span><span class="delete"> always be </span><span class="delete">UTF-8</span><span class="delete">.</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Optional parameters:</span> 
-      <span class="delete">None</span> 
-
-      <span class="delete">Encoding considerations: 8bit</span> 
-      <span class="delete">The syntax of PROV-N is expressed over code points in Unicode [</span><span class="delete">UNICODE</span><span class="delete">]. The encoding is always UTF-8 [</span><span class="delete">UTF-8</span><span class="delete">].</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Unicode code points may also be expressed using an \uXXXX (U+0 to U+FFFF) or \UXXXXXXXX syntax (for U+10000 onwards) where X is a hexadecimal digit [0-9A-F]</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Security considerations:</span> 
-      <span class="delete">PROV-N is a general-purpose language for describing the provenance of things; applications may evaluate given data to infer more descriptions or to dereference URIs, invoking the security considerations of the scheme for that URI. Note in particular, the privacy issues in [</span><span class="delete">RFC3023</span><span class="delete">] section 10 for HTTP URIs. Data obtained from an inaccurate or malicious data source may lead to inaccurate or misleading conclusions, as well as the dereferencing of unintended URIs. Care must be taken to align the trust in consulted resources with the sensitivity of the intended use of the data.</span> 
-      <span class="delete">PROV-N is used to express the provenance of arbitrary application data; security considerations will vary by domain of use. Security tools and protocols applicable to text (e.g. PGP encryption, MD5 sum validation, password-protected compression) may also be used on PROV-N documents. Security/privacy protocols must be imposed which reflect the sensitivity of the embedded information.  </span> 
-      <span class="delete">PROV-N can express data which is presented to the user, for example, by means of label attributes. Application rendering strings retrieved from untrusted PROV-N documents must ensure that malignant strings may not be used to mislead the reader. The security considerations in the media type registration for XML ([</span><span class="delete">RFC3023</span><span class="delete">] section 10) provide additional guidance around the expression of arbitrary data and markup.</span> 
-      <span class="delete">PROV-N is a language for describing the provenance of things, and therefore a PROV-N document is metadata for other resources.  Untrusted PROV-N documents may mislead its consumers by indicating that a third-party resource has a reputable lineage, when it has not. Provenance of PROV-N document should be sought. </span>
-      <span class="delete">PROV-N uses qualified names mappable to IRIs as term identifiers. Applications interpreting data expressed in PROV-N should address the security issues of
-  </span><span class="delete">Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs)</span><span class="delete"> [</span><span class="delete">RFC3987</span><span class="delete">] Section 8, as well as
-  </span><span class="delete">Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax</span><span class="delete"> [</span><span class="delete">RFC3986</span><span class="delete">] Section 7.</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Multiple IRIs may have the same appearance. Characters in different scripts may 
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+<section id="media-type">
+<h2><span class="secno">6. </span>Media Type</h2>
+
+<p>
+The media type of PROV-N is <span class="name">text/provenance-notation</span>. The content encoding of PROV-N content is UTF-8.
+</p>
+
+
+ <dl> 
+      <dt>Contact:</dt> 
+      <dd>Ivan Herman</dd> 
+      <dt>See also:</dt> 
+      <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/2002/06/registering-mediatype">How to Register a Media Type for a <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Specification</a></dd> 
+      <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/tag/2002/0129-mime">Internet Media Type registration, consistency of use</a><br>TAG Finding 3 June 2002 (Revised 4 September 2002)</dd> 
+    </dl> 
+    <p>The Internet Media Type / MIME Type for PROV-N is "text/provenance-notation".</p> 
+    <p>It is recommended that PROV-N files have the extension ".provn" (all lowercase) on all platforms.</p> 
+    <p>It is recommended that PROV-N files stored on Macintosh HFS file systems be given a file type of "TEXT".</p> 
+    <p>The information that follows has been <a href="https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Member/w3c-archive/2012Nov/0317.html">submitted to the IESG</a> for review, approval, and registration with IANA.</p> 
+    <dl> 
+      <dt>Type name:</dt> 
+      <dd>text</dd> 
+      <dt>Subtype name:</dt> 
+      <dd>provenance-notation</dd> 
+      <dt>Required parameters:</dt> 
+      <dd><kbd>charset</kbd> — the value of <kbd>charset</kbd> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> always be <kbd>UTF-8</kbd>.</dd> 
+      <dt>Optional parameters:</dt> 
+      <dd>None</dd> 
+
+      <dt>Encoding considerations: 8bit</dt> 
+      <dd>The syntax of PROV-N is expressed over code points in Unicode [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-UNICODE">UNICODE</a></cite>]. The encoding is always UTF-8 [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-UTF-8">UTF-8</a></cite>].</dd> 
+      <dd>Unicode code points may also be expressed using an \uXXXX (U+0 to U+FFFF) or \UXXXXXXXX syntax (for U+10000 onwards) where X is a hexadecimal digit [0-9A-F]</dd> 
+      <dt>Security considerations:</dt> 
+      <dd>PROV-N is a general-purpose language for describing the provenance of things; applications may evaluate given data to infer more descriptions or to dereference URIs, invoking the security considerations of the scheme for that URI. Note in particular, the privacy issues in [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3023">RFC3023</a></cite>] section 10 for HTTP URIs. Data obtained from an inaccurate or malicious data source may lead to inaccurate or misleading conclusions, as well as the dereferencing of unintended URIs. Care must be taken to align the trust in consulted resources with the sensitivity of the intended use of the data.</dd> 
+      <dd>PROV-N is used to express the provenance of arbitrary application data; security considerations will vary by domain of use. Security tools and protocols applicable to text (e.g. PGP encryption, MD5 sum validation, password-protected compression) may also be used on PROV-N documents. Security/privacy protocols must be imposed which reflect the sensitivity of the embedded information.  </dd> 
+      <dd>PROV-N can express data which is presented to the user, for example, by means of label attributes. Application rendering strings retrieved from untrusted PROV-N documents must ensure that malignant strings may not be used to mislead the reader. The security considerations in the media type registration for XML ([<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3023">RFC3023</a></cite>] section 10) provide additional guidance around the expression of arbitrary data and markup.</dd> 
+      <dd>PROV-N is a language for describing the provenance of things, and therefore a PROV-N document is metadata for other resources.  Untrusted PROV-N documents may mislead its consumers by indicating that a third-party resource has a reputable lineage, when it has not. Provenance of PROV-N document should be sought. </dd>
+      <dd>PROV-N uses qualified names mappable to IRIs as term identifiers. Applications interpreting data expressed in PROV-N should address the security issues of
+  <a class="norm" href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt">Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs)</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3987">RFC3987</a></cite>] Section 8, as well as
+  <a class="norm" href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt">Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3986">RFC3986</a></cite>] Section 7.</dd> 
+      <dd>Multiple IRIs may have the same appearance. Characters in different scripts may 
 look similar (a Cyrillic "о" may appear similar to a Latin "o"). A character followed 
 by combining characters may have the same visual representation as another character 
 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E followed by COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT has the same visual representation 
@@ -2923,88 +2955,98 @@
  
 Any person or application that is writing or interpreting data in PROV-N must take care to use the IRI that matches the intended semantics, and avoid IRIs that make look similar.
 Further information about matching of similar characters can be found 
-in </span><span class="delete">Unicode Security 
-Considerations</span><span class="delete"> [</span><span class="delete">UNISEC</span><span class="delete">] and
-</span><span class="delete">Internationalized Resource 
-Identifiers (IRIs)</span><span class="delete"> [</span><span class="delete">RFC3987</span><span class="delete">] Section 8.
-</span> 
-      <span class="delete">PROV-N offers an extensibility mechanism, which in turn may introduce additional security considerations. For example, predicates in extensibility expressions use qualified names, mappable to IRIs, and appropriate security considerations for IRIs apply too.</span>
- 
-      <span class="delete">Interoperability considerations:</span> 
-      <span class="delete">There are no known interoperability issues.</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Published specification:</span> 
-      <span class="delete">PROV-N: The Provenance Notation, Moreau, Missier, (eds), Cheney, Soiland-Reyes
-      </span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-n/</span><span class="delete">, 2012.</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Applications which use this media type:</span> 
-      <span class="delete">It may be used by any application for publishing provenance information. This format is designed to be a human-readable form of provenance. </span> 
-      <span class="delete">Additional information:</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Magic number(s):</span> 
-      <span class="delete">PROV-N documents may have the strings 'document' near the beginning of the document.</span> 
-      <span class="delete">File extension(s):</span> 
-      <span class="delete">".provn"</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Base URI:</span> 
-      <span class="delete">There are no constructs in the PROV-N Syntax to change the Base IRI.</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Macintosh file type code(s):</span> 
-      <span class="delete">"TEXT"</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Person &amp; email address to contact for further information:</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Ivan Herman, ivan@w3.org</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Intended usage:</span> 
-      <span class="delete">COMMON</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Restrictions on usage:</span> 
-      <span class="delete">None</span> 
-      <span class="delete">Author/Change controller:</span> 
-      <span class="delete">The PROV-N specification is the product of the World Wide Web Consortium's Provenance Working Group. The </span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete"> has change control over this specification.</span> 
-     
+in <a class="inform" href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/">Unicode Security 
+Considerations</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-UNISEC">UNISEC</a></cite>] and
+<a class="norm" href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt">Internationalized Resource 
+Identifiers (IRIs)</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3987">RFC3987</a></cite>] Section 8.
+</dd> 
+      <dd>PROV-N offers an extensibility mechanism, which in turn may introduce additional security considerations. For example, predicates in extensibility expressions use qualified names, mappable to IRIs, and appropriate security considerations for IRIs apply too.</dd>
  
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+      <dt>Interoperability considerations:</dt> 
+      <dd>There are no known interoperability issues.</dd> 
+      <dt>Published specification:</dt> 
+      <dd>PROV-N: The Provenance Notation, Moreau, Missier, (eds), Cheney, Soiland-Reyes
+      <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-n/">http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-n/</a>, 2012.</dd> 
+      <dt>Applications which use this media type:</dt> 
+      <dd>It may be used by any application for publishing provenance information. This format is designed to be a human-readable form of provenance. </dd> 
+      <dt>Additional information:</dt> 
+      <dt>Magic number(s):</dt> 
+      <dd>PROV-N documents may have the strings 'document' near the beginning of the document.</dd> 
+      <dt>File extension(s):</dt> 
+      <dd>".provn"</dd> 
+      <dt>Base URI:</dt> 
+      <dd>There are no constructs in the PROV-N Syntax to change the Base IRI.</dd> 
+      <dt>Macintosh file type code(s):</dt> 
+      <dd>"TEXT"</dd> 
+      <dt>Person &amp; email address to contact for further information:</dt> 
+      <dd>Ivan Herman, ivan@w3.org</dd> 
+      <dt>Intended usage:</dt> 
+      <dd>COMMON</dd> 
+      <dt>Restrictions on usage:</dt> 
+      <dd>None</dd> 
+      <dt>Author/Change controller:</dt> 
+      <dd>The PROV-N specification is the product of the World Wide Web Consortium's Provenance Working Group. The <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> has change control over this specification.</dd> 
+    </dl> 
  
-      <span class="delete">A. </span><span class="delete">Change Log</span><span class="delete">This section is non-normative.</span> 
-
-
-      <span class="delete">A.1 </span><span class="delete">Changes since Candidate Recommendation</span><span class="delete">This section is non-normative.</span> 
-
-
-<span class="delete"> Checked that all fragments resolved.
-</span><span class="delete"> Changed the status of this document section: added new documents to the PROV Family of Document, and removed the how to read section, referring instead to PROV-OVERVIEW.
-</span><span class="delete"> Changed all URLs to  PROV documents.
-</span><span class="delete"> Clarified a sentence about the (non) nesting of bundles.
-</span><span class="delete"> Added html link to provenance.
-</span><span class="delete"> Updated security consideration for extensibility feature of PROV-N following IANA feedback.
-</span>
-
-
-
- 
-      <span class="delete">A.2 </span><span class="delete">Changes since last call</span><span class="delete">This section is non-normative.</span> 
-<span class="delete"> Please see the </span><span class="delete">Responses to Public Comments on the Last Call Working Draft</span><span class="delete"> for more details about the justification of these changes.</span>
-
- <span class="delete">ISSUE-543</span><span class="delete">: Uses key-entity pair terminology for example 43.
-</span> <span class="delete">ISSUE-538</span><span class="delete">: Rephrasing of text in example 10.
-</span> <span class="delete">ISSUE-547</span><span class="delete">: Aligned terminology and productions with prov-constraints document, renaming 'toplevel bundle' to 'document', and renaming 'named bundle' to 'bundle'.
-</span> <span class="delete">ISSUE-496</span><span class="delete">: For each prov-n term, added a cross-reference to corresponding prov-dm term (see table following each production). Rephrased text related to scope of a namespace declaration. Added an informative file with all productions.
-</span> <span class="delete">ISSUE-573</span><span class="delete">: Updated Media Type section. 
-</span> <span class="delete">ISSUE-589</span><span class="delete">: Updated scoping rule for prefix-namespace declaration. Also refrained from saying bundles are self-contained. 
-</span><span class="delete"> Moved feature at Risk mention into a separate note.
-</span><span class="delete"> Editorial's pass pre-publication.
-</span>
-
-
-
- 
-      <span class="delete">B. </span><span class="delete">Acknowledgements</span><span class="delete">This section is non-normative.</span> 
-      <span class="delete"> 
-
-This  document has been produced by the Provenance Working Group, and its contents reflect extensive discussion within the Working Group as a whole. The editors extend special thanks to  Sandro Hawke (</span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete">/</span><span class="delete">MIT</span><span class="delete">) and Ivan Herman (</span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete">/</span><span class="delete">ERCIM</span><span class="delete">), </span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete"> contacts for the Provenance Working Group.
-      </span> 
-
-<span class="delete">
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<section class="appendix informative" id="change-log"> 
+      <h2><span class="secno">A. </span>Change Log</h2><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p> 
+
+<section id="changes-since-proposed-recommendation">
+      <h3><span class="secno"><span class="insert">A.1 </span></span><span class="insert">Changes since Proposed Recommendation</span></h3><p><em><span class="insert">This section is non-normative.</span></em></p> 
+<ul>
+<li><span class="insert"> Changed the status of this document section.
+</span></li><li><span class="insert"> Changed all URLs to  PROV documents.
+</span></li></ul>
+
+</section>
+
+
+<section class="appendix informative" id="changes-since-candidate-recommendation">
+      <h3><span class="secno"><span class="delete">A.1</span><span class="insert">A.2</span> </span>Changes since Candidate Recommendation</h3><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p> 
+
+<ul>
+<li> Checked that all fragments resolved.
+</li><li> Changed the status of this document section: added new documents to the PROV Family of Document, and removed the how to read section, referring instead to PROV-OVERVIEW.
+</li><li> Changed all URLs to  PROV documents.
+</li><li> Clarified a sentence about the (non) nesting of bundles.
+</li><li> Added html link to provenance.
+</li><li> Updated security consideration for extensibility feature of PROV-N following IANA feedback.
+</li></ul>
+</section>
+
+
+<section class="appendix informative" id="changes-since-last-call"> 
+      <h3><span class="secno"><span class="delete">A.2</span><span class="insert">A.3</span> </span>Changes since last call</h3><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p> 
+<p> Please see the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ResponsesToPublicComments">Responses to Public Comments on the Last Call Working Draft</a> for more details about the justification of these changes.</p>
+<ul>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/543">ISSUE-543</a>: Uses key-entity pair terminology for example 43.
+</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/538">ISSUE-538</a>: Rephrasing of text in example 10.
+</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/547">ISSUE-547</a>: Aligned terminology and productions with prov-constraints document, renaming 'toplevel bundle' to 'document', and renaming 'named bundle' to 'bundle'.
+</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/496">ISSUE-496</a>: For each prov-n term, added a cross-reference to corresponding prov-dm term (see table following each production). Rephrased text related to scope of a namespace declaration. Added an informative file with all productions.
+</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/573">ISSUE-573</a>: Updated Media Type section. 
+</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/589">ISSUE-589</a>: Updated scoping rule for prefix-namespace declaration. Also refrained from saying bundles are self-contained. 
+</li><li> Moved feature at Risk mention into a separate note.
+</li><li> Editorial's pass pre-publication.
+</li></ul>
+</section>
+</section>
+
+<section class="appendix informative" id="acknowledgements"> 
+      <h2><span class="secno">B. </span>Acknowledgements</h2><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p> 
+      <p> 
+
+This  document has been produced by the Provenance Working Group, and its contents reflect extensive discussion within the Working Group as a whole. The editors extend special thanks to  Sandro Hawke (<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>/<abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr>) and Ivan Herman (<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>/<abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr>), <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> contacts for the Provenance Working Group.
+      </p> 
+
+<p>
 The editors acknowledge valuable contributions from the following:
 Tom Baker,
 David Booth,
@@ -3018,9 +3060,9 @@
 Alan Ruttenberg,
 Reza Samavi, and
 Antoine Zimmermann.
-</span>
-
-<span class="delete">
+</p>
+
+<p>
 Members of the Provenance Working Group at the time of publication of this document were:
 
 Ilkay Altintas (Invited expert),
@@ -3044,9 +3086,9 @@
 Paul Groth (Vrije Universiteit),
 Olaf Hartig (Invited expert),
 David Hau (National Cancer Institute, NCI),
-Sandro Hawke (</span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete">/</span><span class="delete">MIT</span><span class="delete">),
+Sandro Hawke (<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>/<abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr>),
 Jörn Hees (German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) Gmbh),
-Ivan Herman, (</span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete">/</span><span class="delete">ERCIM</span><span class="delete">),
+Ivan Herman, (<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>/<abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr>),
 Ralph Hodgson (TopQuadrant),
 Hook Hua (Invited expert),
 Trung Dong Huynh (University of Southampton),
@@ -3080,33 +3122,34 @@
 Stephan Zednik (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute),
 Jun Zhao (University of Oxford),
 Yuting Zhao (University of Aberdeen, Computing Science).
-</span>
-
-     
+</p>
+
+    </section> 
 
 
  
-<span class="delete">C. </span><span class="delete">References</span><span class="delete">C.1 </span><span class="delete">Normative references</span><span class="delete">[PROV-CONSTRAINTS]</span><span class="delete">James Cheney; Paolo Missier; Luc Moreau; eds. </span><span class="delete">Constraints of the PROV Data Model</span><span class="delete">. 12 March 2013, W3C Proposed Recommendation. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-constraints-20130312/</span>
-<span class="delete">[PROV-DM]</span><span class="delete">Luc Moreau; Paolo Missier; eds. </span><span class="delete">PROV-DM: The PROV Data Model</span><span class="delete">. 12 March 2013, W3C Proposed Recommendation. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/</span>
-<span class="delete">[PROV-O]</span><span class="delete">Timothy Lebo; Satya Sahoo; Deborah McGuinness; eds. </span><span class="delete">PROV-O: The PROV Ontology</span><span class="delete">. 12 March 2013, W3C Proposed Recommendation. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-o-20130312/</span>
-<span class="delete">[RDF-SPARQL-QUERY]</span><span class="delete">Andy Seaborne; Eric Prud'hommeaux. </span><span class="delete">SPARQL Query Language for RDF</span><span class="delete">. 15 January 2008. W3C Recommendation. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115</span>
-<span class="delete">[RFC2119]</span><span class="delete">S. Bradner. </span><span class="delete">Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels.</span><span class="delete"> March 1997. Internet RFC 2119.  URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt</span> 
-<span class="delete">[RFC3023]</span><span class="delete">M. Murata; S. St.Laurent; D. Kohn. </span><span class="delete">XML Media Types</span><span class="delete">. January 2001. RFC 3023. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt</span>
-<span class="delete">[RFC3986]</span><span class="delete">T. Berners-Lee; R. Fielding; L. Masinter. </span><span class="delete">Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax</span><span class="delete">. January 2005. RFC 3986. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt</span>
-<span class="delete">[RFC3987]</span><span class="delete">M. Dürst; M. Suignard. </span><span class="delete">Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs)</span><span class="delete">. January 2005. RFC 3987. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt</span>
-<span class="delete">[UNICODE]</span><span class="delete">The Unicode Consortium.  </span><span class="delete">The Unicode Standard.</span><span class="delete">  Defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 6.2.0, (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2012. ISBN 978-1-936213-07-8) , as updated from time to time by the publication of new versions URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/versions/enumeratedversions.html</span> 
-<span class="delete">[UTF-8]</span><span class="delete">F. Yergeau. </span><span class="delete">UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646</span><span class="delete">. IETF RFC 3629. November 2003. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt</span>
-<span class="delete">[XML-NAMES]</span><span class="delete">Richard Tobin et al. </span><span class="delete">Namespaces in XML 1.0 (Third Edition)</span><span class="delete">. 8 December 2009. W3C Recommendation. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/</span>
-<span class="delete">[XML11]</span><span class="delete">Eve Maler et al. </span><span class="delete">Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1 (Second Edition)</span><span class="delete">. 16 August 2006. W3C Recommendation. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816</span>
-<span class="delete">[XMLSCHEMA11-2]</span><span class="delete">Henry S. Thompson et al. </span><span class="delete">W3C XML Schema Definition Language (XSD) 1.1 Part 2: Datatypes</span><span class="delete">. 5 April 2012. W3C Recommendation. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/</span>
-<span class="delete">C.2 </span><span class="delete">Informative references</span><span class="delete">[PROV-AQ]</span><span class="delete">Graham Klyne; Paul Groth; eds. </span><span class="delete">Provenance Access and Query</span><span class="delete">. 12 March 2013, Working Draft. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-aq-20130312/</span>
-<span class="delete">[PROV-DC]</span><span class="delete">Daniel Garijo; Kai Eckert; eds. </span><span class="delete">Dublin Core to PROV Mapping</span><span class="delete">. 12 March 2013, Working Draft. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-dc-20130312/</span>
-<span class="delete">[PROV-DICTIONARY]</span><span class="delete">Tom De Nies; Sam Coppens; eds. </span><span class="delete">PROV Dictionary</span><span class="delete">. 12 March 2013, Working Draft. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-dictionary-20130312/</span>
-<span class="delete">[PROV-LINKS]</span><span class="delete">Luc Moreau; Timothy Lebo; eds. </span><span class="delete">Linking Across Provenance Bundles</span><span class="delete">. 12 March 2013, Working Draft. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-links-20130312/</span>
-<span class="delete">[PROV-OVERVIEW]</span><span class="delete">Paul Groth; Luc Moreau; eds. </span><span class="delete">PROV-OVERVIEW: An Overview of the PROV Family of Documents</span><span class="delete">. 12 March 2013, Working Draft. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-overview-20130312/</span>
-<span class="delete">[PROV-PRIMER]</span><span class="delete">Yolanda Gil; Simon Miles; eds. </span><span class="delete">PROV Model Primer</span><span class="delete">. 12 March 2013, Working Draft. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-primer-20130312/</span>
-<span class="delete">[PROV-RDF]</span><span class="delete">James Cheney </span><span class="delete">PROV-RDF Mapping </span><span class="delete">2012, Working in Progress. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ProvRDF</span>
-<span class="delete">[PROV-SEM]</span><span class="delete">James Cheney; ed. </span><span class="delete">Semantics of the PROV Data Model</span><span class="delete">. 12 March 2013, Working Draft. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-sem-20130312</span><span class="delete">.
-</span><span class="delete">[PROV-XML]</span><span class="delete">Hook Hua; Curt Tilmes; Stephan Zednik; eds. </span><span class="delete">PROV-XML: The PROV XML Schema</span><span class="delete">. 12 March 2013, Working Draft. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-xml-20130312/</span>
-<span class="delete">[UNISEC]</span><span class="delete"> Mark Davis; Michel Suignard. </span><span class="delete">Unicode Security Considerations</span><span class="delete">.  4 August 2010. URL: </span><span class="delete">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/</span>
-
+<section id="references" class="appendix"><h2><span class="secno">C. </span>References</h2><section id="normative-references"><h3><span class="secno">C.1 </span>Normative references</h3><dl class="bibliography"><dt id="bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">[PROV-CONSTRAINTS]</dt><dd>James Cheney; Paolo Missier; Luc Moreau; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/"><cite>Constraints of the PROV Data Model</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, W3C <span class="delete">Proposed </span>Recommendation. URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-constraints-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-DM">[PROV-DM]</dt><dd>Luc Moreau; Paolo Missier; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/"><cite>PROV-DM: The PROV Data Model</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, W3C <span class="delete">Proposed </span>Recommendation. URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-O">[PROV-O]</dt><dd>Timothy Lebo; Satya Sahoo; Deborah McGuinness; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/"><cite>PROV-O: The PROV Ontology</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, W3C <span class="delete">Proposed </span>Recommendation. URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-o-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDF-SPARQL-QUERY">[RDF-SPARQL-QUERY]</dt><dd>Andy Seaborne; Eric Prud'hommeaux. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115"><cite>SPARQL Query Language for RDF</cite></a>. 15 January 2008. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115">http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RFC2119">[RFC2119]</dt><dd>S. Bradner. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt"><cite>Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels.</cite></a> March 1997. Internet RFC 2119.  URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt</a> 
+</dd><dt id="bib-RFC3023">[RFC3023]</dt><dd>M. Murata; S. St.Laurent; D. Kohn. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt"><cite>XML Media Types<span class="insert"> (RFC 3023)</span></cite></a>. January 2001. <span class="delete">RFC 3023.</span><span class="insert">RFC.</span> URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RFC3986">[RFC3986]</dt><dd>T. Berners-Lee; R. Fielding; L. Masinter. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt"><cite>Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax<span class="insert"> (RFC 3986)</span></cite></a>. January 2005. <span class="delete">RFC 3986.</span><span class="insert">RFC.</span> URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RFC3987">[RFC3987]</dt><dd>M. Dürst; M. Suignard. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt"><cite>Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs)<span class="insert"> (RFC 3987)</span></cite></a>. January 2005. <span class="delete">RFC 3987.</span><span class="insert">RFC.</span> URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-UNICODE">[UNICODE]</dt><dd>The Unicode Consortium.  <a href="http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/versions/enumeratedversions.html"><cite>The Unicode Standard.</cite></a>  Defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 6.2.0, (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2012. ISBN 978-1-936213-07-8) , as updated from time to time by the publication of new versions URL: <a href="http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/versions/enumeratedversions.html">http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/versions/enumeratedversions.html</a> 
+</dd><dt id="bib-UTF-8">[UTF-8]</dt><dd>F. Yergeau. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt"><cite>UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646</cite></a>. IETF RFC 3629. November 2003. URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-XML-NAMES">[XML-NAMES]</dt><dd>Richard Tobin et al. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/"><cite>Namespaces in XML 1.0 (Third Edition)</cite></a>. 8 December 2009. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-XML11">[XML11]</dt><dd>Eve Maler et al. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816"><cite>Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1 (Second Edition)</cite></a>. 16 August 2006. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-XMLSCHEMA11-2">[XMLSCHEMA11-2]</dt><dd>Henry S. Thompson et al. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/"><cite>W3C XML Schema Definition Language (XSD) 1.1 Part 2: Datatypes</cite></a>. 5 April 2012. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/</a>
+</dd></dl></section><section id="informative-references"><h3><span class="secno">C.2 </span>Informative references</h3><dl class="bibliography"><dt id="bib-PROV-AQ">[PROV-AQ]</dt><dd>Graham Klyne; Paul Groth; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/"><cite>Provenance Access and Query</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, <span class="delete">Working Draft.</span><span class="insert">W3C Note.</span> URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-aq-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-DC">[PROV-DC]</dt><dd>Daniel Garijo; Kai Eckert; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/"><cite>Dublin Core to PROV Mapping</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, <span class="delete">Working Draft.</span><span class="insert">W3C Note.</span> URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-dc-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-DICTIONARY">[PROV-DICTIONARY]</dt><dd>Tom De Nies; Sam Coppens; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/"><cite>PROV Dictionary</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, <span class="delete">Working Draft.</span><span class="insert">W3C Note.</span> URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-dictionary-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-LINKS">[PROV-LINKS]</dt><dd>Luc Moreau; Timothy Lebo; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/"><cite>Linking Across Provenance Bundles</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, <span class="delete">Working Draft.</span><span class="insert">W3C Note.</span> URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-links-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-OVERVIEW">[PROV-OVERVIEW]</dt><dd>Paul Groth; Luc Moreau; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/"><cite>PROV-OVERVIEW: An Overview of the PROV Family of Documents</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, <span class="delete">Working Draft.</span><span class="insert">W3C Note.</span> URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-overview-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-PRIMER">[PROV-PRIMER]</dt><dd>Yolanda Gil; Simon Miles; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/"><cite>PROV Model Primer</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, <span class="delete">Working Draft.</span><span class="insert">W3C Note.</span> URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-primer-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-RDF">[PROV-RDF]</dt><dd>James Cheney <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ProvRDF"><cite>PROV-RDF Mapping </cite></a>2012, Working in Progress. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ProvRDF">http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ProvRDF</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-SEM">[PROV-SEM]</dt><dd>James Cheney; ed. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430"><cite>Semantics of the PROV Data Model</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, <span class="delete">Working Draft.</span><span class="insert">W3C Note.</span> URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-sem-20130312</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430</span></a>.
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-XML">[PROV-XML]</dt><dd>Hook Hua; Curt Tilmes; Stephan Zednik; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/"><cite>PROV-XML: The PROV XML Schema</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, <span class="delete">Working Draft.</span><span class="insert">W3C Note.</span> URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-xml-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-UNISEC">[UNISEC]</dt><dd> Mark Davis; Michel Suignard. <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/"><cite>Unicode Security Considerations<cite></cite></cite></a>.  4 August 2010. URL: <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/</a>
+</dd></dl></section></section></body></html>
+

--- a/model/prov-n.html	Mon Apr 08 22:25:29 2013 +0100
+++ b/model/prov-n.html	Mon Apr 08 22:46:17 2013 +0100
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@
 
       var respecConfig = {
           // specification status (e.g. WD, LCWD, NOTE, etc.). If in doubt use ED.
-          specStatus:           "PR",
+          specStatus:           "REC",
           
           // the specification's short name, as in http://www.w3.org/TR/short-name/
           shortName:            "prov-n",
@@ -110,21 +110,27 @@
 
 
           // if you wish the publication date to be other than today, set this
-          publishDate:  "2013-03-12",
+          publishDate:  "2013-04-30",
  
           // if the specification's copyright date is a range of years, specify
           // the start date here:
           copyrightStart: "2012",
+
+          errata: "http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/errata.html",
+
  
           // if there is a previously published draft, uncomment this and set its YYYY-MM-DD date
           // and its maturity status
-          previousPublishDate:  "2012-12-11",
-          previousMaturity:  "CR",
+          //previousPublishDate:  "2012-12-11",
+          previousPublishDate:  "2013-03-12",
+          previousMaturity:  "PR",
+
  
           // if there a publicly available Editor's Draft, this is the link
           //edDraftURI:           "http://dvcs.w3.org/hg/prov/raw-file/default/model/prov-n.html",
 
-         implementationReportURI: "http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-implementations-20130312/",
+         implementationReportURI: "http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-implementations-20130430/",
+
  
           // if this is a LCWD, uncomment and set the end of its review period
           prEnd: "2013-04-09",
@@ -810,7 +816,7 @@
 formal semantics of PROV.  The purpose of this document is to define the PROV-N notation.
 </p>
 
-<p>The <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-overview-20130312/">PROV Document Overview</a> describes the overall state of PROV, and should be read before other PROV documents.</p>
+<p>The <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/">PROV Document Overview</a> describes the overall state of PROV, and should be read before other PROV documents.</p>
     </section> 
 
 <section id="sotd">
@@ -818,31 +824,25 @@
 This document is part of the PROV family of documents, a set of documents defining various aspects that are necessary to achieve the vision of inter-operable
 interchange of provenance information in heterogeneous environments such as the Web.  These documents are listed below. Please consult the [[PROV-OVERVIEW]] for a guide to reading these documents. 
 <ul>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-overview-20130312/">PROV-OVERVIEW</a> (To be published as Note), an overview of the PROV family of documents [[PROV-OVERVIEW]];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-primer-20130312/">PROV-PRIMER</a> (To be published as Note), a primer for the PROV data model [[PROV-PRIMER]];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-o-20130312/">PROV-O</a> (Proposed Recommendation), the PROV ontology, an OWL2 ontology allowing the mapping of the PROV data model to RDF [[!PROV-O]];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/">PROV-DM</a> (Proposed Recommendation), the PROV data model for provenance [[!PROV-DM]];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-n-20130312/">PROV-N</a> (Proposed Recommendation), a notation for provenance aimed at human consumption (this document);</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-constraints-20130312/">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a> (Proposed Recommendation), a set of constraints applying to the PROV data model [[!PROV-CONSTRAINTS]];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-xml-20130312/">PROV-XML</a> (To be published as Note),  an XML schema for the PROV data model [[PROV-XML]];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-aq-20130312/">PROV-AQ</a> (To be published as Note), mechanisms for accessing and querying provenance [[PROV-AQ]]; </li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-dictionary-20130312/">PROV-DICTIONARY</a> (To be published as Note) introduces a specific type of collection, consisting of key-entity pairs [[PROV-DICTIONARY]];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-dc-20130312/">PROV-DC</a> (To be published as Note) provides a mapping between PROV-O and Dublic Core Terms [[PROV-DC]];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-sem-20130312/">PROV-SEM</a> (To be published as Note), a declarative specification in terms of first-order logic of the PROV data model [[PROV-SEM]];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-links-20130312/">PROV-LINKS</a> (To be published as Note) introduces a mechanism to link across bundles [[PROV-LINKS]].</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/">PROV-OVERVIEW</a> (Note), an overview of the PROV family of documents [[PROV-OVERVIEW]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/">PROV-PRIMER</a> (Note), a primer for the PROV data model [[PROV-PRIMER]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/">PROV-O</a> (Recommendation), the PROV ontology, an OWL2 ontology allowing the mapping of the PROV data model to RDF [[!PROV-O]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/">PROV-DM</a> (Recommendation), the PROV data model for provenance [[!PROV-DM]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/">PROV-N</a> (Recommendation), a notation for provenance aimed at human consumption (this document);</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a> (Recommendation), a set of constraints applying to the PROV data model [[!PROV-CONSTRAINTS]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/">PROV-XML</a> (Note),  an XML schema for the PROV data model [[PROV-XML]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/">PROV-AQ</a> (Note), mechanisms for accessing and querying provenance [[PROV-AQ]]; </li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/">PROV-DICTIONARY</a> (Note) introduces a specific type of collection, consisting of key-entity pairs [[PROV-DICTIONARY]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/">PROV-DC</a> (Note) provides a mapping between PROV-O and Dublic Core Terms [[PROV-DC]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430/">PROV-SEM</a> (Note), a declarative specification in terms of first-order logic of the PROV data model [[PROV-SEM]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/">PROV-LINKS</a> (Note) introduces a mechanism to link across bundles [[PROV-LINKS]].</li>
 </ul>
 
-<h4>W3C Members Please Review By 09 April 2013</h4>
-
-<p>The W3C Director seeks review and feedback from W3C Advisory Committee representatives by 09 April 2013. This will allow the Director to assess consensus and determine whether to issue this document as a W3C Recommendation.</p>
-
-<p>Others are encouraged by the Provenance Working Group to continue to send reports of implementation experience, and other feedback, to
-<a href="mailto:public-prov-comments@w3.org">public-prov-comments@w3.org</a> 
-          (<a href="mailto:public-prov-comments-request@w3.org?subject=subscribe">subscribe</a>,
-          <a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-prov-comments/">archives</a>). Open discussion among developers is also welcome at
-<a href="mailto:public-prov-comments@w3.org">public-prov-comments@w3.org</a> 
-          (<a href="mailto:public-prov-comments-request@w3.org?subject=subscribe">subscribe</a>,
-          <a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-prov-comments/">archives</a>).</p>
+<h4>Endorsed By W3C</h4>
+
+<p>This document has been reviewed by W3C Members, by software developers, and by other W3C groups and interested parties, and is endorsed by the Director as a W3C Recommendation. It is a stable document and may be used as reference material or cited from another document. W3C's role in making the Recommendation is to draw attention to the specification and to promote its widespread deployment. This enhances the functionality and interoperability of the Web.</p>
+
+<h4>Please Send Comments</h4>
 </section>
 
 
@@ -1224,10 +1224,10 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Entity maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-entity">Entity</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-entity">Entity</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#entity.id"><span class='attribute' id="entity.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#entity.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="entity.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#entity.id"><span class='attribute' id="entity.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#entity.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="entity.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
 </table>
 </div>
 
@@ -1261,17 +1261,17 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Activity maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-activity">Activity</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-activity">Activity</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#activity.id"><span class='attribute' id="activity.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#activity.startTime"><span class='attribute' id="activity.startTime">startTime</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#activity.endTime"><span class='attribute' id="activity.endTime">endTime</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#activity.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="activity.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.id"><span class='attribute' id="activity.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.startTime"><span class='attribute' id="activity.startTime">startTime</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.endTime"><span class='attribute' id="activity.endTime">endTime</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="activity.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
 </table>
 </div>
 
@@ -1315,15 +1315,15 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Generation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-wasgeneratedby">Generation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasgeneratedby">Generation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#generation.id"><span class='attribute' id="generation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#generation.entity"><span class='attribute' id="generation.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#generation.activity"><span class='attribute' id="generation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#generation.time"><span class='attribute' id="generation.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#generation.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="generation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.id"><span class='attribute' id="generation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.entity"><span class='attribute' id="generation.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.activity"><span class='attribute' id="generation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.time"><span class='attribute' id="generation.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="generation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
 </table>
 </div>
 
@@ -1350,7 +1350,7 @@
 <p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-generationExpression">generationExpression</a></code>.</p>
 
 <!--
-<p><strong>Note:</strong> Even though the production  allows for expressions <span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(e2, -, -)</span>  and <span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(-; e2, -, -)</span>, these expressions are not valid in PROV-N, since at least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#generation.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#generation.activity"><span class='attribute'>activity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#generation.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#generation.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present.</p>
+<p><strong>Note:</strong> Even though the production  allows for expressions <span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(e2, -, -)</span>  and <span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(-; e2, -, -)</span>, these expressions are not valid in PROV-N, since at least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.activity"><span class='attribute'>activity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present.</p>
 -->
 
 
@@ -1369,15 +1369,15 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Usage maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-used">Usage</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-used">Usage</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#usage.id"><span class='attribute' id="usage.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#usage.activity"><span class='attribute' id="usage.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#usage.entity"><span class='attribute' id="usage.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#usage.time"><span class='attribute' id="usage.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#usage.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="usage.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.id"><span class='attribute' id="usage.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.activity"><span class='attribute' id="usage.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.entity"><span class='attribute' id="usage.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.time"><span class='attribute' id="usage.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="usage.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
 </table>
 </div>
 
@@ -1418,12 +1418,12 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Communication maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-wasinformedby">Communication</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinformedby">Communication</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#communication.id"><span class='attribute' id="communication.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#communication.informed"><span class='attribute' id="communication.informed">informed</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#communication.informant"><span class='attribute' id="communication.informant">informant</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#communication.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="communication.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.id"><span class='attribute' id="communication.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.informed"><span class='attribute' id="communication.informed">informed</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.informant"><span class='attribute' id="communication.informant">informant</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="communication.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
 </table>
 </div>
 
@@ -1460,17 +1460,17 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Start maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-wasstartedby">Start</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasstartedby">Start</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#start.id"><span class='attribute' id="start.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#start.activity"><span class='attribute' id="start.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#start.trigger"><span class='attribute' id="start.trigger">trigger</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#start.starter"><span class='attribute' id="start.starter">starter</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#start.time"><span class='attribute' id="start.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#start.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="start.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.id"><span class='attribute' id="start.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.activity"><span class='attribute' id="start.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.trigger"><span class='attribute' id="start.trigger">trigger</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.starter"><span class='attribute' id="start.starter">starter</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.time"><span class='attribute' id="start.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="start.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
 </table>
 </div>
 
@@ -1513,17 +1513,17 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM End maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-wasendedby">End</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasendedby">End</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#end.id"><span class='attribute' id="end.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#end.activity"><span class='attribute' id="end.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#end.trigger"><span class='attribute' id="end.trigger">trigger</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#end.ender"><span class='attribute' id="end.ender">ender</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#end.time"><span class='attribute' id="end.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#end.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="end.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.id"><span class='attribute' id="end.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.activity"><span class='attribute' id="end.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.trigger"><span class='attribute' id="end.trigger">trigger</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.ender"><span class='attribute' id="end.ender">ender</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.time"><span class='attribute' id="end.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="end.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
 </table>
 </div>
 
@@ -1573,15 +1573,15 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Invalidation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-wasinvalidatedby">Invalidation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinvalidatedby">Invalidation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#invalidation.id"><span class='attribute' id="invalidation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#invalidation.entity"><span class='attribute' id="invalidation.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#invalidation.activity"><span class='attribute' id="invalidation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#invalidation.time"><span class='attribute' id="invalidation.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#invalidation.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="invalidation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.id"><span class='attribute' id="invalidation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.entity"><span class='attribute' id="invalidation.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.activity"><span class='attribute' id="invalidation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.time"><span class='attribute' id="invalidation.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="invalidation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
 </table>
 </div>
 
@@ -1627,25 +1627,25 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Derivation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-wasderivedfrom">Derivation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasderivedfrom">Derivation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
 
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#derivation.id"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#derivation.generatedEntity"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.generatedEntity">generatedEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#derivation.usedEntity"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.usedEntity">usedEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#derivation.activity"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#derivation.generation"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.generation">generation</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-gIdentifierOrMarker">gIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#derivation.usage"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.usage">usage</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-uIdentifierOrMarker">uIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#derivation.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.id"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.generatedEntity"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.generatedEntity">generatedEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.usedEntity"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.usedEntity">usedEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.activity"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.generation"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.generation">generation</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-gIdentifierOrMarker">gIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.usage"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.usage">usage</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-uIdentifierOrMarker">uIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
 </table>
 </div>
 
@@ -1779,10 +1779,10 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Agent maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-agent">Agent</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-agent">Agent</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#agent.id"><span class='attribute' id="agent.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#agent.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="agent.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#agent.id"><span class='attribute' id="agent.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#agent.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="agent.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
 </table>
 </div>
 
@@ -1823,14 +1823,14 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Attribution maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-wasattributedto">Attribution</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasattributedto">Attribution</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#attribution.id"><span class='attribute' id="attribution.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#attribution.entity"><span class='attribute' id="attribution.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#attribution.agent"><span class='attribute' id="attribution.agent">agent</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#attribution.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="attribution.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.id"><span class='attribute' id="attribution.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.entity"><span class='attribute' id="attribution.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.agent"><span class='attribute' id="attribution.agent">agent</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="attribution.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
 </table>
 </div>
 
@@ -1869,19 +1869,19 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Association maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-wasassociatedwith">Association</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasassociatedwith">Association</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
 
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#association.id"><span class='attribute' id="association.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#association.activity"><span class='attribute' id="association.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#association.agent"><span class='attribute' id="association.agent">agent</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifierOrMarker">agIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#association.plan"><span class='attribute' id="association.plan">plan</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#association.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="association.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.id"><span class='attribute' id="association.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.activity"><span class='attribute' id="association.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.agent"><span class='attribute' id="association.agent">agent</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifierOrMarker">agIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.plan"><span class='attribute' id="association.plan">plan</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="association.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
 </table>
 </div>
 
@@ -1929,7 +1929,7 @@
 <!--
 <p><strong>Note:</strong>The production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-associationExpression">associationExpression</a></code> allows for expressions <span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(a, -, -)</span>  and <span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(-; a, -, -)</span>. However, these expressions are not valid in PROV-N, 
 since
-at least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#association.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#association.agent"><span class='attribute'>agent</span></a>,  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#association.plan"><span class='attribute'>plan</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#association.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a>  MUST be present.</p>
+at least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.agent"><span class='attribute'>agent</span></a>,  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.plan"><span class='attribute'>plan</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a>  MUST be present.</p>
 -->
 
 </section>
@@ -1946,20 +1946,20 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Delegation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-actedonbehalfof">Delegation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-actedonbehalfof">Delegation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
 
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#delegation.id"><span class='attribute' id="delegation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#delegation.delegate"><span class='attribute' id="delegation.delegate">delegate</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#delegation.responsible"><span class='attribute' id="delegation.responsible">responsible</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#delegation.activity"><span class='attribute' id="delegation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#delegation.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="delegation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.id"><span class='attribute' id="delegation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.delegate"><span class='attribute' id="delegation.delegate">delegate</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.responsible"><span class='attribute' id="delegation.responsible">responsible</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.activity"><span class='attribute' id="delegation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="delegation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
 </table>
 </div>
 
@@ -2002,16 +2002,16 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Influence maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-wasinfluencedby">Influence</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinfluencedby">Influence</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
 
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#influence.id"><span class='attribute' id="influence.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#influence.influencee"><span class='attribute' id="influence.influencee">influencee</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#influence.influencer"><span class='attribute' id="influence.influencer">influencer</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#influence.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="influence.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.id"><span class='attribute' id="influence.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.influencee"><span class='attribute' id="influence.influencee">influencee</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.influencer"><span class='attribute' id="influence.influencer">influencer</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="influence.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
 </table>
 </div>
 
@@ -2057,14 +2057,14 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM bundle maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-bundle-constructor">Bundle</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-bundle-constructor">Bundle</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
 
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#bundle.constructor.id"><span class='attribute' id="bundle.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#bundle.constructor.descriptions"><span class='attribute' id="bundle.descriptions">descriptions</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-namespaceDeclaration"><span class='attribute' id="namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#bundle.constructor.id"><span class='attribute' id="bundle.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#bundle.constructor.descriptions"><span class='attribute' id="bundle.descriptions">descriptions</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-namespaceDeclaration"><span class='attribute' id="namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code></td></tr>
 
 
 </table>
@@ -2133,14 +2133,14 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Alternate maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-alternateof">Alternate</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-alternateof">Alternate</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
 
 
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#alternate.alternate1"><span class='attribute' id="alternate.alternate1">alternate1</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#alternate.alternate2"><span class='attribute' id="alternate.alternate2">alternate2</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#alternate.alternate1"><span class='attribute' id="alternate.alternate1">alternate1</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#alternate.alternate2"><span class='attribute' id="alternate.alternate2">alternate2</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
 
 </table>
 </div>
@@ -2167,14 +2167,14 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Specialization maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-specializationof">Specialization</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-specializationof">Specialization</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
 
 
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#specialization.specificEntity"><span class='attribute' id="specialization.specificEntity">specificEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#specialization.generalEntity"><span class='attribute' id="specialization.generalEntity">generalEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#specialization.specificEntity"><span class='attribute' id="specialization.specificEntity">specificEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#specialization.generalEntity"><span class='attribute' id="specialization.generalEntity">generalEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
 
 </table>
 </div>
@@ -2238,13 +2238,13 @@
 <p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Membership maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
 <div style="text-align: left; ">
 <table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-hadmember">Membership</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-hadmember">Membership</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
 
 
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#membership.collection"><span class='attribute' id="membership.collection">collection</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-cIdentifier">cIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#membership.entity"><span class='attribute' id="membership.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#membership.collection"><span class='attribute' id="membership.collection">collection</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-cIdentifier">cIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#membership.entity"><span class='attribute' id="membership.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
 </table>
 </div>
 
@@ -2455,15 +2455,15 @@
 
 
 <p>The  reserved attributes in the PROV namespace are the following.
-Their meaning is explained by [[PROV-DM]] (see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#term-attribute">Section 5.7.2: Attribute</a>).
+Their meaning is explained by [[PROV-DM]] (see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute">Section 5.7.2: Attribute</a>).
 </p>
 
 <ol>
-<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#term-attribute-label"><span class="name">prov:label</span></a>
-<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#term-attribute-location"><span class="name">prov:location</span></a>
-<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#term-attribute-role"><span class="name">prov:role</span></a>
-<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#term-attribute-type"><span class="name">prov:type</span></a>
-<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#term-attribute-value"><span class="name">prov:value</span></a>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-label"><span class="name">prov:label</span></a>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-location"><span class="name">prov:location</span></a>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-role"><span class="name">prov:role</span></a>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-type"><span class="name">prov:type</span></a>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-value"><span class="name">prov:value</span></a>
 </ol>
 
 
@@ -2500,7 +2500,7 @@
 <tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL"></tbody>
 </table>
 
-<p>In production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-datatype">datatype</a></code>, the <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> is used to denote a <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#term-value">PROV data type</a> [[PROV-DM]].
+<p>In production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-datatype">datatype</a></code>, the <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> is used to denote a <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-value">PROV data type</a> [[PROV-DM]].
 
 
 <p>The non terminals
@@ -2572,20 +2572,20 @@
 <h4>Reserved Type Values</h4>
 
 <p>The  reserved type values in the PROV namespace are the following.
-Their meaning is defined [[PROV-DM]] (see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#term-attribute-type">Section 5.7.2.4: prov:type</a>).
+Their meaning is defined [[PROV-DM]] (see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-type">Section 5.7.2.4: prov:type</a>).
 </p>
 
 <ol>
-<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#term-bundle-entity"><span class="name">prov:Bundle</span></a>
-<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#concept-collection"><span class="name">prov:Collection</span></a>
-<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#concept-empty-collection"><span class="name">prov:EmptyCollection</span></a>
-<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#concept-organization"><span class="name">prov:Organization</span></a>
-<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#concept-person"><span class="name">prov:Person</span></a>
-<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#concept-plan"><span class="name">prov:Plan</span></a>
-<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-primary-source"><span class="name">prov:PrimarySource</span></a>
-<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-quotation"><span class="name">prov:Quotation</span></a>
-<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#dfn-revision"><span class="name">prov:Revision</span></a>
-<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#concept-software-agent"><span class="name">prov:SoftwareAgent</span></a>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-bundle-entity"><span class="name">prov:Bundle</span></a>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-collection"><span class="name">prov:Collection</span></a>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-empty-collection"><span class="name">prov:EmptyCollection</span></a>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-organization"><span class="name">prov:Organization</span></a>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-person"><span class="name">prov:Person</span></a>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-plan"><span class="name">prov:Plan</span></a>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-primary-source"><span class="name">prov:PrimarySource</span></a>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-quotation"><span class="name">prov:Quotation</span></a>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-revision"><span class="name">prov:Revision</span></a>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-software-agent"><span class="name">prov:SoftwareAgent</span></a>
 </ol>
 
 <div class="anexample" id="anexample-types">
@@ -2735,34 +2735,34 @@
 <tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
 <tr><td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-generationExpression">Generation expression</a></td>
     <td><span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(e2, -, -)</span><br/><span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(-; e2, -, -)</span></td>
-    <td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#generation.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#generation.activity"><span class='attribute'>activity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#generation.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#generation.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present.</td>  
+    <td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.activity"><span class='attribute'>activity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present.</td>  
 </tr>
 <tr><td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-usageExpression">Usage expression</a></td>
 <td><span class="name">used(a2, -, -)</span><br/><span class="name">used(-; a2, -, -)</span></td>
-<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#usage.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#usage.entity"><span class='attribute'>entity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#usage.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#usage.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present</td>
+<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.entity"><span class='attribute'>entity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-startExpression">Start expression</a></td>
 <td> <span class="name">wasStartedBy(e2, -, -, -)</span><br/><span class="name">wasStartedBy(-; e2, -, -, -)</span></td>
-<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#start.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#start.trigger"><span class='attribute'>trigger</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#start.starter"><span class='attribute'>starter</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#start.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#start.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present</td>
+<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.trigger"><span class='attribute'>trigger</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.starter"><span class='attribute'>starter</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present</td>
 </tr>
 
 <tr>
 <td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-endExpression">End expression</a></td>
 <td><span class="name">wasEndedBy(e2, -, -, -)</span><br/><span class="name">wasEndedBy(-; e2, -, -, -)</span></td>
-<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#end.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#end.trigger"><span class='attribute'>trigger</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#end.ender"><span class='attribute'>ender</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#end.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#end.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present</td>
+<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.trigger"><span class='attribute'>trigger</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.ender"><span class='attribute'>ender</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present</td>
 </tr>
 
 <tr>
 <td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-invalidationExpression">Invalidation expression</a></td>
 <td><span class="name">wasInvalidatedBy(e2, -, -)</span>  <br/><span class="name">wasInvalidatedBy(-; e2, -, -)</span></td>
-<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#invalidation.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#invalidation.activity"><span class='attribute'>activity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#invalidation.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#invalidation.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present</td>
+<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.activity"><span class='attribute'>activity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present</td>
 </tr>
 
 <tr>
 <td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-associationExpression">Association expression</a></td>
 <td><span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(a, -, -)</span> <br/><span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(-; a, -, -)</span></td>
-<td>At least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#association.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#association.agent"><span class='attribute'>agent</span></a>,  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#association.plan"><span class='attribute'>plan</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/#association.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a>  MUST be present</td>
+<td>At least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.agent"><span class='attribute'>agent</span></a>,  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.plan"><span class='attribute'>plan</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a>  MUST be present</td>
 </tr>
 
 </table>
@@ -2995,6 +2995,16 @@
 <section class="appendix informative"> 
       <h2>Change Log</h2> 
 
+<section>
+      <h2>Changes since Proposed Recommendation</h2> 
+<ul>
+<li> Changed the status of this document section.
+<li> Changed all URLs to  PROV documents.
+</ul>
+
+</section>
+
+
 <section class="appendix informative">
       <h2>Changes since Candidate Recommendation</h2>

--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/model/releases/REC-prov-n-20130430/Overview.html	Mon Apr 08 22:46:17 2013 +0100
@@ -0,0 +1,3164 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en" dir="ltr">
+<head> 
+<title>PROV-N: The Provenance Notation</title> 
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 
+<link rel="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#has_provenance" href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/provenance/prov-n">
+
+<style type="text/css">
+.note { font-size:small; margin-left:50px }
+table.thinborder {
+	border-width: 1px;
+	border-spacing: 0px;
+	border-style: none;
+	border-color: gray;
+	border-collapse: collapse;
+}
+table.thinborder th {
+	border-width: 1px;
+	padding: 0px;
+	border-style: solid;
+	border-color: gray;
+}
+table.thinborder td {
+	border-width: 1px;
+	padding: 2px;
+	border-style: solid;
+	border-color: gray;
+}
+</style>
+
+    
+
+     
+
+     
+
+    
+
+    
+
+    
+
+
+    
+
+     
+
+  <style type="text/css">
+/*****************************************************************
+ * ReSpec CSS
+ * Robin Berjon (robin at berjon dot com)
+ * v0.05 - 2009-07-31
+ *****************************************************************/
+
+
+/* --- INLINES --- */
+em.rfc2119 { 
+    text-transform:     lowercase;
+    font-variant:       small-caps;
+    font-style:         normal;
+    color:              #900;
+}
+
+h1 acronym, h2 acronym, h3 acronym, h4 acronym, h5 acronym, h6 acronym, a acronym,
+h1 abbr, h2 abbr, h3 abbr, h4 abbr, h5 abbr, h6 abbr, a abbr {
+    border: none;
+}
+
+dfn {
+    font-weight:    bold;
+}
+
+a.internalDFN {
+    color:  inherit;
+    border-bottom:  1px solid #99c;
+    text-decoration:    none;
+}
+
+a.externalDFN {
+    color:  inherit;
+    border-bottom:  1px dotted #ccc;
+    text-decoration:    none;
+}
+
+a.bibref {
+    text-decoration:    none;
+}
+
+/* code {
+    color:  #ff4500;
+}
+
+*/
+
+
+table.parameters, table.exceptions {
+    border-spacing: 0;
+    border-collapse:    collapse;
+    margin: 0.5em 0;
+    width:  100%;
+}
+table.parameters { border-bottom:  1px solid #90b8de; }
+table.exceptions { border-bottom:  1px solid #deb890; }
+
+.parameters th, .exceptions th {
+    color:  #fff;
+    padding:    3px 5px;
+    text-align: left;
+    font-family:    initial;
+    font-weight:    normal;
+    text-shadow:    #666 1px 1px 0;
+}
+.parameters th { background: #90b8de; }
+.exceptions th { background: #deb890; }
+
+.parameters td, .exceptions td {
+    padding:    3px 10px;
+    border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
+    vertical-align: top;
+}
+
+.parameters tr:first-child td, .exceptions tr:first-child td {
+    border-top: none;
+}
+
+.parameters td.prmName, .exceptions td.excName, .exceptions td.excCodeName {
+    width:  100px;
+}
+
+.parameters td.prmType {
+    width:  120px;
+}
+
+table.exceptions table {
+    border-spacing: 0;
+    border-collapse:    collapse;
+    width:  100%;
+}
+
+/* --- TABLE --- */
+table.simple {
+    border-spacing: 0;
+    border-collapse:    collapse;
+    border-bottom:  3px solid #005a9c;
+}
+
+.simple th {
+    background: #005a9c;
+    color:  #fff;
+    padding:    3px 5px;
+    text-align: left;
+}
+
+.simple th[scope="row"] {
+    background: inherit;
+    color:  inherit;
+    border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
+}
+
+.simple td {
+    padding:    3px 10px;
+    border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
+}
+
+.simple tr:nth-child(even) {
+    background: #f0f6ff;
+}
+
+
+/* --- EXAMPLES --- */
+pre.example {
+    border-top: 1px solid #ff4500;
+    border-bottom: 1px solid #ff4500;
+    padding:    1em;
+    margin-top: 1em;
+}
+
+pre.example::before {
+    content:    "Example";
+    display:    block;
+    width:      150px;
+    background: #ff4500;
+    color:  #fff;
+    font-family:    initial;
+    padding:    3px;
+    font-weight:    bold;
+    margin: -1em 0 1em -1em;
+}
+
+@media screen {
+    p.practicedesc {
+        position: relative;
+        top: -2em;
+        padding: 0;
+        margin: 1.5em 0.5em -1em 1em;
+    }
+}
+</style>
+<style type="text/css">
+/* --- EDITORIAL NOTES --- */
+.pending {
+    padding:    1em;
+    margin: 1em 0em 0em;
+    border: 1px solid #f00;
+    background: #BFEFFF;
+}
+
+.pending::before {
+    content:    "Pending Review";
+    display:    block;
+    width:  150px;
+    margin: -1.5em 0 0.5em 0;
+    font-weight:    bold;
+    border: 1px solid #f00;
+    background: #fff;
+    padding:    3px 1em;
+}
+
+
+
+
+.resolved {
+    padding:    1em;
+    margin: 1em 0em 0em;
+    border: 1px solid #f00;
+    background: #9BCD9B;
+}
+
+.resolved::before {
+    content:    "Resolved";
+    display:    block;
+    width:  150px;
+    margin: -1.5em 0 0.5em 0;
+    font-weight:    bold;
+    border: 1px solid #f00;
+    background: #fff;
+    padding:    3px 1em;
+}
+
+
+.inference {
+    padding:    1em;
+    margin: 1em 0em 0em;
+    border: 1px solid #f00;
+    background: #fff;
+}
+
+
+.inference-example {
+    padding:    1em;
+    margin: 1em 0em 0em;
+    border: 1px solid #f00;
+    background: #fff;
+}
+
+.syntax {
+    padding:    1em;
+    margin: 1em 0em 0em;
+    border: 1px solid #f00;
+    background: #fff;
+}
+
+.syntax[id]::before {
+    content:    "Syntax: " attr(id);
+    width:  380px;  /* How can we compute the length of "Constraint: " attr(id) */
+}
+
+
+.syntax::before {
+    content:    "Syntax";
+    display:    block;
+    width:  150px;
+    margin: -1.5em 0 0.5em 0;
+    font-weight:    bold;
+    border: 1px solid #f00;
+    background: #fff;
+    padding:    3px 1em;
+}
+
+.unamedconstraint {
+    padding:    1em;
+    margin: 1em 0em 0em;
+    border: 1px solid #00f;
+    background: #fff;
+}
+
+
+.unamedconstraint::before {
+    content:    "Constraint";
+    display:    block;
+    width:  150px;
+    margin: -1.5em 0 0.5em 0;
+    font-weight:    bold;
+    border: 1px solid #00f;
+    background: #fff;
+    padding:    3px 1em;
+}
+
+
+
+.constraint {
+    padding:    1em;
+    margin: 1em 0em 0em;
+    border: 1px solid #00f;
+    background: #fff;
+}
+
+.constraint-example {
+    padding:    1em;
+    margin: 1em 0em 0em;
+    border: 1px solid #00f;
+    background: #fff;
+}
+
+
+.interpretation {
+    padding:    1em;
+    margin: 1em 0em 0em;
+    border: 1px solid #00f;
+    background: #fff;
+}
+
+.interpretation[id]::before {
+    content:    "Interpretation: " attr(id);
+    width:  380px;  /* How can we compute the length of "Interpretation: " attr(id) */
+}
+
+
+.interpretation::before {
+    content:    "Interpretation";
+    display:    block;
+    width:  150px;
+    margin: -1.5em 0 0.5em 0;
+    font-weight:    bold;
+    border: 1px solid #00f;
+    background: #fff;
+    padding:    3px 1em;
+}
+
+.definition {
+    padding:    1em;
+    margin: 1em 0em 0em;
+    border: 1px solid #777;
+    background: #fff;
+}
+
+.definition-example {
+    padding:    1em;
+    margin: 1em 0em 0em;
+    border: 1px solid #777;
+    background: #fff;
+}
+
+.deprecatedconstraint {
+    padding:    1em;
+    margin: 1em 0em 0em;
+    border: 1px solid #00f;
+    background: #fff;
+}
+
+.deprecatedconstraint[id]::before {
+    content:    "Deprecated: " attr(id);
+    width:  380px;  /* How can we compute the length of "Deprecatedconstraint: " attr(id) */
+}
+
+
+.deprecatedconstraint::before {
+    content:    "Deprecated";
+    display:    block;
+    width:  150px;
+    margin: -1.5em 0 0.5em 0;
+    font-weight:    bold;
+    border: 1px solid #00f;
+    background: #fff;
+    padding:    3px 1em;
+}
+
+.glossary-ref {
+    font-style:    italic;
+}
+
+.dfn {
+    font-weight:    bold;
+}
+
+
+.attribute {
+    font-style: italic;
+}
+
+
+.conditional {
+    color: blue;
+}
+
+.grammar {
+    margin-top: 1ex;
+    margin-bottom: 1ex;
+    padding-left: 1ex;
+    padding-right: 1ex;
+    padding-top: 1ex;
+    padding-bottom: 0.6ex;
+    border: 1px dashed #2f6fab;
+    font-size: 95%;
+}
+.nonterminal {
+    font-weight: bold;
+    font-family: sans-serif;
+    font-size: 95%;
+}
+
+.name {
+    font-family: monospace;
+}
+
+.math {
+    font-family: roman;
+    font-style:italic;
+}
+
+
+.xmpl {
+    padding:    1em;
+    margin: 1em 0em 0em;
+    border: 1px solid #f00;
+    background: #fff;
+}
+
+.xmpl::before {
+    content:    "Example";
+    display:    block;
+    width:  150px;
+    margin: -1.5em 0 0.5em 0;
+    font-weight:    bold;
+    border: 1px solid #f00;
+    background: #fff;
+    padding:    3px 1em;
+}
+
+.anexample {
+    margin-top: 1ex;
+    margin-bottom: 1ex;
+    padding-left: 1ex;
+    padding-right: 1ex;
+    padding-top: 1ex;
+    padding-bottom: 0.6ex;
+    border: 1px dashed #2f6fab;
+    background-color: #f9f9f9;
+}
+.anexample table {
+    background-color: #f9f9f9;
+}
+
+.conceptexample:before {
+    content: "Example:";
+    font-family: sans-serif;
+    font-size: 1.6ex;
+    font-weight: bold;
+}
+.conceptexample {
+    margin-top: 1ex;
+    margin-bottom: 1ex;
+    padding-left: 1ex;
+    padding-right: 1ex;
+    padding-top: 1ex;
+    padding-bottom: 0.6ex;
+    border: 1px dashed #2f6fab;
+    background-color: #f9f9f9;
+}
+
+.pnExpression {
+    font-weight: normal;
+    font-size:120%;
+    font-family: monospace;
+}
+
+
+div[class="grammar"] span[class="name"]:before {
+    content: "'";
+}
+
+div[class="grammar"] span[class="name"]:after {
+    content: "'";
+}
+
+
+div[class="grammar"] span[class="optional"]:before {
+    font-weight: normal;
+    font-size:130%;
+    font-family: monospace;
+    content: "(";
+}
+
+div[class="grammar"] span[class="optional"]:after {
+    font-weight: normal;
+    font-size:130%;
+    font-family: monospace;
+    content: ")?";
+}
+
+
+div[class="grammar"] span[class="plus"]:before {
+    font-weight: normal;
+    font-size:130%;
+    font-family: monospace;
+    content: "(";
+}
+
+div[class="grammar"] span[class="plus"]:after {
+    font-weight: normal;
+    font-size:130%;
+    font-family: monospace;
+    content: ")+";
+}
+
+
+div[class="grammar"] span[class="star"]:before {
+    font-weight: normal;
+    font-size:130%;
+    font-family: monospace;
+    content: "(";
+}
+
+div[class="grammar"] span[class="star"]:after {
+    font-weight: normal;
+    font-size:130%;
+    font-family: monospace;
+    content: ")*";
+}
+
+div[class="grammar"] span[class="choice"]:before {
+    font-weight: normal;
+    font-size:130%;
+    font-family: monospace;
+    content: "(";
+}
+
+div[class="grammar"] span[class="choice"]:after {
+    font-weight: normal;
+    font-size:130%;
+    font-family: monospace;
+    content: ")";
+}
+
+div[class="grammar"] span[class="group"]:before {
+    font-weight: normal;
+    font-size:130%;
+    font-family: monospace;
+    content: "(";
+}
+
+div[class="grammar"] span[class="group"]:after {
+    font-weight: normal;
+    font-size:130%;
+    font-family: monospace;
+    content: ")";
+}
+
+table {
+    background-color: #f9f9f9;
+}
+
+.component1-color {
+ background-color: rgba(255,42,42,0.2);
+}
+
+.component2-color {
+ background-color: rgba(0,68,170,0.2);
+}
+
+.component3-color {
+ background-color: rgba(0,170,0,0.2);
+}
+.component4-color {
+ background-color: rgba(204,255,0,0.2);
+}
+
+.component5-color {
+ background-color: rgba(11,40,40,0.2);
+}
+
+.component6-color {
+ background-color: rgba(244,105,14,0.2);
+}
+
+.interpretation-forward::before {
+    content:    "Interpretation: ";
+    font-weight:    bold;
+}
+
+.structural-forward::before {
+    content:    "Structural constraint: ";
+    font-weight:    bold;
+}
+
+
+code {
+    color:  black !important;
+}
+
+.ruleTitle {
+    font-family: sans-serif;
+    font-size: 1.6ex;
+    font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+
+
+
+.remark {
+    padding:    1em;
+    margin: 1em 0em 0em;
+    border: 1px dashed #000;
+    background: #F0F0F0;
+}
+
+.remark::before {
+    content:    "Remark";
+    display:    block;
+    width:  150px;
+    margin: -1.5em 0 0.5em 0;
+    font-weight:    bold;
+    border: 1px solid #000;
+    background: #fff;
+    padding:    3px 1em;
+}
+
+table.thinborder {
+	border-width: 1px;
+	border-spacing: 0px;
+	border-style: none;
+	border-color: gray;
+	border-collapse: collapse;
+}
+table.thinborder th {
+	border-width: 1px;
+	padding: 0px;
+	border-style: solid;
+	border-color: gray;
+}
+table.thinborder td {
+	border-width: 1px;
+	padding: 2px;
+	border-style: solid;
+	border-color: gray;
+}
+
+
+</style>
+  <style>/*****************************************************************
+ * ReSpec 3 CSS
+ * Robin Berjon - http://berjon.com/
+ *****************************************************************/
+
+/* --- INLINES --- */
+em.rfc2119 { 
+    text-transform:     lowercase;
+    font-variant:       small-caps;
+    font-style:         normal;
+    color:              #900;
+}
+
+h1 acronym, h2 acronym, h3 acronym, h4 acronym, h5 acronym, h6 acronym, a acronym,
+h1 abbr, h2 abbr, h3 abbr, h4 abbr, h5 abbr, h6 abbr, a abbr {
+    border: none;
+}
+
+dfn {
+    font-weight:    bold;
+}
+
+a.internalDFN {
+    color:  inherit;
+    border-bottom:  1px solid #99c;
+    text-decoration:    none;
+}
+
+a.externalDFN {
+    color:  inherit;
+    border-bottom:  1px dotted #ccc;
+    text-decoration:    none;
+}
+
+a.bibref {
+    text-decoration:    none;
+}
+
+cite .bibref {
+    font-style: normal;
+}
+
+code {
+    color:  #ff4500;
+}
+
+
+/* --- --- */
+ol.algorithm { counter-reset:numsection; list-style-type: none; }
+ol.algorithm li { margin: 0.5em 0; }
+ol.algorithm li:before { font-weight: bold; counter-increment: numsection; content: counters(numsection, ".") ") "; }
+
+/* --- TOC --- */
+.toc a, .tof a {
+    text-decoration:    none;
+}
+
+a .secno, a .figno {
+    color:  #000;
+}
+
+ul.tof, ol.tof {
+    list-style: none outside none;
+}
+
+.caption {
+    margin-top: 0.5em;
+    font-style:   italic;
+}
+
+/* --- TABLE --- */
+table.simple {
+    border-spacing: 0;
+    border-collapse:    collapse;
+    border-bottom:  3px solid #005a9c;
+}
+
+.simple th {
+    background: #005a9c;
+    color:  #fff;
+    padding:    3px 5px;
+    text-align: left;
+}
+
+.simple th[scope="row"] {
+    background: inherit;
+    color:  inherit;
+    border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
+}
+
+.simple td {
+    padding:    3px 10px;
+    border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
+}
+
+.simple tr:nth-child(even) {
+    background: #f0f6ff;
+}
+
+/* --- DL --- */
+.section dd > p:first-child {
+    margin-top: 0;
+}
+
+.section dd > p:last-child {
+    margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.section dd {
+    margin-bottom:  1em;
+}
+
+.section dl.attrs dd, .section dl.eldef dd {
+    margin-bottom:  0;
+}
+</style><link rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-REC"><!--[if lt IE 9]><script src='http://www.w3.org/2008/site/js/html5shiv.js'></script><![endif]--></head> 
+
+  <body><div class="head">
+  <p>
+    
+      <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img width="72" height="48" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" alt="W3C"></a>
+    
+  </p>
+  <h1 class="title" id="title">PROV-N: The Provenance Notation</h1>
+  
+  <h2 id="w3c-recommendation-30-april-2013"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Recommendation 30 April 2013</h2>
+  <dl>
+    
+      <dt>This version:</dt>
+      <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/</a></dd>
+      <dt>Latest published version:</dt>
+      <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-n/">http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-n/</a></dd>
+    
+    
+    
+    
+      <dt>Implementation report:</dt>
+      <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-implementations-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-implementations-20130430/</a></dd>
+    
+    
+    
+      <dt>Previous version:</dt>
+      <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-n-20130312/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-n-20130312/</a> <a href="diff-n.html">(color-coded diff)</a></dd>
+    
+    
+    <dt>Editors:</dt>
+    <dd><a href="http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~lavm/">Luc Moreau</a>, University of Southampton</dd>
+<dd><a href="http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/Paolo.Missier">Paolo Missier</a>, Newcastle University</dd>
+
+    
+      <dt>Contributors:</dt>
+      <dd><a href="http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/jcheney/">James Cheney</a>, University of Edinburgh</dd>
+<dd><a href="http://soiland-reyes.com/stian/">Stian Soiland-Reyes</a>, University of Manchester</dd>
+
+    
+  </dl>
+  
+    <p>
+      Please refer to the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/errata.html">errata</a> for this document, which may include some normative corrections.
+    </p>
+  
+  
+  
+    <p>
+      The English version of this specification is the only normative version. Non-normative 
+      <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Translation/">translations</a> may also be available.
+    </p>
+  
+  
+    
+      <p class="copyright">
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a> © 
+        2012-2013
+        
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr></a><sup>®</sup> 
+        (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr></a>,
+        <a href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr></a>,
+        <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>, <a href="http://ev.buaa.edu.cn/">Beihang</a>), All Rights Reserved.
+        <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a> and
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document use</a> rules apply.
+      </p>
+    
+  
+  <hr>
+</div> 
+    <section id="abstract" class="introductory"><h2>Abstract</h2>
+
+<p>
+Provenance is information about entities, activities, and people
+involved in producing a piece of data or thing, which can be used
+ to form assessments about its quality, reliability or trustworthiness.
+PROV-DM is the conceptual data model that forms a basis for the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>
+provenance (PROV) family of specifications.
+PROV-DM distinguishes core structures, forming the essence of provenance information, from
+extended structures catering for more specific uses of provenance. 
+PROV-DM is organized in six components, respectively dealing with: 
+(1) entities and activities, and the time at which they were created, used, or ended;
+(2) derivations of entities from entities;
+(3) agents bearing responsibility for entities that were generated and activities that happened;
+(4) a notion of bundle, a mechanism to support provenance of provenance; and,
+(5) properties to link entities that refer to the same thing;
+(6) collections forming a logical structure for its members.
+</p>
+<p>To provide examples of the PROV data model, the PROV notation (PROV-N) is introduced: aimed at human consumption, PROV-N allows serializations of PROV
+instances to be created in a compact manner. PROV-N facilitates the
+mapping of the PROV data model to concrete syntax, and is used as the basis for a
+formal semantics of PROV.  The purpose of this document is to define the PROV-N notation.
+</p>
+
+<p>The <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/">PROV Document Overview</a> describes the overall state of PROV, and should be read before other PROV documents.</p>
+    </section><section id="sotd" class="introductory"><h2>Status of This Document</h2>
+  
+    
+      
+        <p>
+          <em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other
+          documents may supersede this document. A list of current <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> publications and the latest revision
+          of this technical report can be found in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> technical reports
+          index</a> at http://www.w3.org/TR/.</em>
+        </p>
+        
+<h4 id="prov-family-of-documents">PROV Family of Documents</h4>
+This document is part of the PROV family of documents, a set of documents defining various aspects that are necessary to achieve the vision of inter-operable
+interchange of provenance information in heterogeneous environments such as the Web.  These documents are listed below. Please consult the [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-OVERVIEW">PROV-OVERVIEW</a></cite>] for a guide to reading these documents. 
+<ul>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/">PROV-OVERVIEW</a> (Note), an overview of the PROV family of documents [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-OVERVIEW">PROV-OVERVIEW</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/">PROV-PRIMER</a> (Note), a primer for the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-PRIMER">PROV-PRIMER</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/">PROV-O</a> (Recommendation), the PROV ontology, an OWL2 ontology allowing the mapping of the PROV data model to RDF [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-O">PROV-O</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/">PROV-DM</a> (Recommendation), the PROV data model for provenance [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/">PROV-N</a> (Recommendation), a notation for provenance aimed at human consumption (this document);</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a> (Recommendation), a set of constraints applying to the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/">PROV-XML</a> (Note),  an XML schema for the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-XML">PROV-XML</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/">PROV-AQ</a> (Note), mechanisms for accessing and querying provenance [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-AQ">PROV-AQ</a></cite>]; </li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/">PROV-DICTIONARY</a> (Note) introduces a specific type of collection, consisting of key-entity pairs [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DICTIONARY">PROV-DICTIONARY</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/">PROV-DC</a> (Note) provides a mapping between PROV-O and Dublic Core Terms [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DC">PROV-DC</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430/">PROV-SEM</a> (Note), a declarative specification in terms of first-order logic of the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-SEM">PROV-SEM</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/">PROV-LINKS</a> (Note) introduces a mechanism to link across bundles [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-LINKS">PROV-LINKS</a></cite>].</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4 id="endorsed-by-w3c">Endorsed By <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr></h4>
+
+<p>This document has been reviewed by <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Members, by software developers, and by other <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> groups and interested parties, and is endorsed by the Director as a <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Recommendation. It is a stable document and may be used as reference material or cited from another document. <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>'s role in making the Recommendation is to draw attention to the specification and to promote its widespread deployment. This enhances the functionality and interoperability of the Web.</p>
+
+<h4 id="please-send-comments">Please Send Comments</h4>
+
+        <p>
+          This document was published by the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/">Provenance Working Group</a> as a Recommendation.
+          
+          
+          If you wish to make comments regarding this document, please send them to 
+          <a href="mailto:public-prov-comments@w3.org">public-prov-comments@w3.org</a> 
+          (<a href="mailto:public-prov-comments-request@w3.org?subject=subscribe">subscribe</a>,
+          <a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-prov-comments/">archives</a>).
+          
+          
+          
+          
+        All comments are welcome.
+        
+        
+        
+        </p><p>
+          
+            This document was produced by a group operating under the 
+            <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February 2004 <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Patent Policy</a>.
+          
+          
+          
+            
+              <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> maintains a <a href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/46974/status" rel="disclosure">public list of any patent disclosures</a> 
+            
+            made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for 
+            disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains
+            <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential Claim(s)</a> must disclose the
+            information in accordance with <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section
+            6 of the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Patent Policy</a>.
+          
+          
+        </p>
+        
+      
+    
+  
+</section><section id="toc"><h2 class="introductory">Table of Contents</h2><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#introduction" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#purpose" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.1 </span>Purpose of this Document and Target Audience</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#compliance-with-this-document" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.2 </span>Compliance with this Document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#structure-of-this-document" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.3 </span>Structure of this Document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#notational-conventions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.4 </span>Notational Conventions</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#general-conventions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2. </span>General grammar considerations</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#functional-syntax" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.1 </span>Functional-style Syntax</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#grammar-notation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.2 </span>EBNF Grammar</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#main-productions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.3 </span>Main Productions</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#prov-n-optionals" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.4 </span>Optional terms in expressions</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#prov-n-standard-terms" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.5 </span>Identifiers and attributes</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#comments" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.6 </span>Comments</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#prov-n-expressions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3. </span>PROV-N Productions per Component</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#component1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1 </span>Component 1: Entities and Activities</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Entity" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.1 </span>Entity</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Activity" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.2 </span>Activity</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Generation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.3 </span>Generation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Usage" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.4 </span>Usage</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-wasInformedBy" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.5 </span>Communication</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Start" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.6 </span>Start</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-End" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.7 </span>End</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Invalidation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.8 </span>Invalidation</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component2" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2 </span>Component 2: Derivations</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#Derivation-Relation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.1 </span>Derivation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Revision" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.2 </span>Revision</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-quotation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.3 </span>Quotation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-primary-source" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.4 </span>Primary Source</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component3" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3 </span>Component 3: Agents, Responsibility, and Influence</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Agent" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.1 </span>Agent</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-attribution" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.2 </span>Attribution</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Association" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.3 </span>Association</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-delegation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.4 </span>Delegation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-influence" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.5 </span>Influence</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component4" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.4 </span>Component 4: Bundles</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-bundle-constructor" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.4.1 </span>Bundle Constructor</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-bundle-type" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.4.2 </span>Bundle Type</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component5" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.5 </span>Component 5: Alternate Entities</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-alternate" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.5.1 </span>Alternate</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-specialization" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.5.2 </span>Specialization</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component6" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.6 </span>Component 6: Collections</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-collection" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.6.1 </span>Collection</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-collection-membership" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.6.2 </span>Membership</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#subexpressions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7 </span>Further Expressions</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-identifier" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.1 </span>Identifier</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-attribute" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.2 </span>Attribute</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-literal" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.3 </span>Literal</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-types" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.3.1 </span>Reserved Type Values</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Time" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.3.2 </span>Time Values</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-NamespaceDeclaration" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.4 </span>Namespace Declaration</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#semantic-rules-summary" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.5 </span>Summary of additional semantic rules</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#document" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4. </span>Document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#extensibility" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5. </span>Extensibility</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#media-type" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">6. </span>Media Type</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#change-log" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A. </span>Change Log</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#changes-since-proposed-recommendation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A.1 </span>Changes since Proposed Recommendation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#changes-since-candidate-recommendation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A.2 </span>Changes since Candidate Recommendation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#changes-since-last-call" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A.3 </span>Changes since last call</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#acknowledgements" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B. </span>Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">C. </span>References</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#normative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">C.1 </span>Normative references</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#informative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">C.2 </span>Informative references</a></li></ul></li></ul></section> 
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="introduction"> 
+<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</h2>
+
+<p> Provenance is a record that describes the people,
+institutions, entities, and activities, involved in producing,
+influencing, or delivering a piece of data or a thing in the world.  Two
+companion specifications respectively define PROV-DM, a data model for
+provenance, allowing provenance descriptions to be expressed  [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>]  and a set of constraints that provenance descriptions are expected to satisfy   [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>].
+</p>
+
+<section id="purpose"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">1.1 </span>Purpose of this Document and Target Audience</h3>
+
+A key goal of PROV is the specification of a machine-processable data model for provenance. However, communicating provenance between humans is also important when teaching, illustrating, formalizing, and discussing provenance-related issues. 
+
+<!-- As such, representations of PROV-DM are available in RDF and XML. -->
+
+With these two requirements in mind, this document introduces PROV-N, the PROV notation, a syntax designed to  write instances of the PROV data model according to the following design principles:
+<ul>
+<li>Technology independence. PROV-N provides a simple syntax that can be mapped to several technologies.
+
+</li><li>Human readability. PROV-N follows a functional syntax style that is meant to be easily human-readable so it can be used in illustrative examples, such as those presented in the PROV documents suite
+
+</li><li>Formality. PROV-N is defined through a formal grammar amenable to be used with parser generators.
+
+ </li></ul>
+  
+PROV-N has several known uses:
+<ul>
+<li> It is the notation used in the examples found in  [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>], as well as in the definition of PROV constraints [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>]; </li>
+<li>  It is a source language for the encoding of PROV data model instances into a variety of target languages, including amongst others  RDF [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-RDF">PROV-RDF</a></cite>] and XML [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-XML">PROV-XML</a></cite>]; </li>
+<li> It provides the basis for a formal semantics of the PROV data model  [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-SEM">PROV-SEM</a></cite>], in which an interpretation is given to each element of the PROV-N language.
+</li></ul>
+
+<p>This document introduces the PROV-N grammar along with examples of its usage.</p>
+<p>Its target audience is twofold:
+</p><ul>
+<li>Developers of provenance management applications, as well as implementors of new PROV data model encodings, and thus in particular of PROV-N parsers. These readers may be interested in the entire structure of the grammar, starting from the top level nonterminal 
+<code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-document">document</a></code>.</li>
+<li>Readers of the  [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>] and of  [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>] documents, who are interested in the details of the formal language underpinning the notation used in the examples and in the definition of the constraints. Those readers may find the  <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code> nonterminal a useful entry point into the grammar.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="compliance-with-this-document"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">1.2 </span>Compliance with this Document</h3>
+
+
+<p>For the purpose of compliance, all sections of this document are normative, except 
+<a href="#change-log">Appendix A</a>, 
+<a href="#acknowledgements">Appendix B</a>,  and
+<a href="#informative-references">Appendix C.2</a>.
+</p><ul>
+<li> Information in tables is normative. </li>
+<li> Text in boxes labeled "Example" is informative.
+</li><li> Productions (displayed in boxes) are normative, as opposed to the separate <a href="grammar.txt">file</a> grouping  all productions for convenience of programmers, which is informative.
+</li></ul>
+</section>
+
+
+    <section id="structure-of-this-document"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">1.3 </span>Structure of this Document</h3>
+
+<p>This document is structured as follows.
+
+</p><p><a href="#general-conventions">Section 2</a> provides general consideration about the PROV-N grammar.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#prov-n-expressions">Section 3</a> presents the grammar of all expressions of the language grouped according to the PROV data model components.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#document">Section 4</a> defines the grammar of document, a house-keeping construct of PROV-N capable of packaging up PROV-N expressions and namespace declarations.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#extensibility">Section 5</a> defines the extensibility mechanism for the PROV-N notation.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#media-type">Section 6</a> defines media type for the PROV-N notation.</p>
+
+
+    </section> 
+
+
+<section id="notational-conventions">
+ <h3><span class="secno">1.4 </span>Notational Conventions</h3>
+
+
+<p>The key words "<em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="MUST NOT">MUST NOT</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="REQUIRED">REQUIRED</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="SHALL">SHALL</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="SHALL
+      NOT">SHALL
+      NOT</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="SHOULD">SHOULD</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="SHOULD NOT">SHOULD NOT</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="RECOMMENDED">RECOMMENDED</em>",  "<em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em>", and
+      "<em class="rfc2119" title="OPTIONAL">OPTIONAL</em>" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
+      [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC2119">RFC2119</a></cite>].</p>
+
+
+
+
+<p>
+The following namespaces prefixes are used throughout this document.
+
+</p><div style="text-align: left;">
+<table border="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<caption id="namespace-table">Table 1: Prefix and Namespaces used in this specification</caption>
+<tbody><tr><td><b>prefix</b></td><td><b>namespace uri</b></td> <td><b>definition</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td>prov</td><td>http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#</td><td>The PROV namespace (see Section <a href="#expression-NamespaceDeclaration">3.7.4</a>)</td></tr>
+<tr><td>xsd</td><td>http://www.w3.org/2000/10/XMLSchema#</td><td>XML Schema Namespace [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-XMLSCHEMA11-2">XMLSCHEMA11-2</a></cite>]</td></tr>
+<tr><td>(others)</td><td>(various)</td><td>All other namespace prefixes are used in examples only. <br> In particular, URIs starting with "http://example.com" represent<br> some application-dependent URI [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3986">RFC3986</a></cite>]</td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+</section> 
+
+</section> 
+
+<section id="general-conventions">
+<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">2. </span>General grammar considerations</h2>
+
+<p>For convenience, all productions presented in this document have been grouped in a
+separate <a href="grammar.txt">file</a>.</p>
+
+<section id="functional-syntax"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">2.1 </span>Functional-style Syntax</h3>
+
+<p> PROV-N adopts a functional-style syntax consisting of a predicate name and an ordered list of terms.</p>
+
+<p>
+All PROV data model types have an identifier. Furthermore, some expressions also admit additional elements that further characterize it. </p>
+<div class="anexample" id="example_1"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_1">Example 1</a></div>
+<p>The following expression should be read as "entity <span class="name">e1</span>". 
+</p><pre class="codeexample">entity(e1)
+</pre>
+  </div>
+<div class="anexample" id="example_2"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_2">Example 2</a></div>
+<p>The following expression should be read as "activity <span class="name">a2</span>, which occurred
+between <code>2011-11-16T16:00:00</code> and <code>2011-11-16T16:00:01</code>". 
+</p><pre class="codeexample">entity(e1)
+activity(a2, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, 2011-11-16T16:00:01)
+</pre>
+  </div>
+
+<p>
+All PROV data model relations involve two primary elements, the <em>subject</em> and the <em>object</em>, in this order. Furthermore, some expressions also admit additional elements that further characterize it.
+</p><div class="anexample" id="example_3"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_3">Example 3</a></div>
+<p>The following expression should be read as "<span class="name">e2</span> was derived from <span class="name">e1</span>". Here <span class="name">e2</span> is the subject, and  <span class="name">e1</span> is the object.
+</p><pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
+</pre>
+  </div>
+  
+<div class="anexample" id="example_4"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_4">Example 4</a></div>
+<p>The following expression expands the above derivation relation by providing
+additional elements the optional activity <span class="name">a</span>, the generation <span class="name">g2</span>, and the usage <span class="name">u1</span>:
+</p><pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="grammar-notation">
+<h3><span class="secno">2.2 </span>EBNF Grammar</h3>
+
+<p>The grammar is specified using a subset of the Extended Backus-Naur
+Form (EBNF) notation, as defined in Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1
+[<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-XML11">XML11</a></cite>] section <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816/#sec-notation">6
+Notation</a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The text below provides an introduction to the EBNF notation used in
+this document.</p>
+
+
+<p>
+  EBNF specifies a series of production rules (<dfn id="dfn-production">production</dfn>). 
+A production rule in the grammar defines a symbol 
+ <code class="grammarRef">expr</code>  (<dfn id="dfn-nonterminal-symbol">nonterminal symbol</dfn>)
+  using the following form:</p>
+
+
+<div class="grammar">
+ <code class="grammarRef">expr</code> &nbsp;::= <em>term</em>
+</div>
+<p>Symbols are written with an initial capital letter if they are the start symbol of a regular language, otherwise with an initial lowercase letter. 
+A production rule in the grammar defines a symbol 
+ <code class="grammarRef">&lt;TERMINAL&gt;</code>  (<dfn id="dfn-terminal-symbol">terminal symbol</dfn>)
+  using the following form:</p>
+<div class="grammar">
+ <code class="grammarRef">&lt;TERMINAL&gt;</code> &nbsp;::= <em>term</em>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+<p>Within the term on the right-hand side of a rule, the following
+<em>term</em>s are used to match strings of one or more characters:
+</p><ul>
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">expr</code>: matches production for nonterminal symbol <code class="grammarRef">expr</code>
+</li>
+
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">TERMINAL</code>: matches production for terminal symbol <code class="grammarRef">TERMINAL</code>
+</li>
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">"abc"</code>: matches the literal string inside the single quotes.
+</li>
+
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">(term)?</code>: optional, matches <em>term</em> or nothing.
+</li>
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">(term)+</code>: matches one or more occurrences of <em>term</em>.
+</li>
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">(term)*</code>: matches zero or more occurrences of <em>term</em>.
+</li>
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">(term | term)</code>: matches one of the two <em>terms</em>.
+</li>
+
+</ul>
+
+
+<p>Where suitable, the PROV-N grammar reuses production and terminal names of the SPARQL grammar [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF-SPARQL-QUERY">RDF-SPARQL-QUERY</a></cite>].</p>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="main-productions">
+<h3><span class="secno">2.3 </span>Main Productions</h3>
+
+<p>Two productions are entry points to the grammar.</p>
+
+<p>The production <code class="grammarRef"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code>
+provides the structure for the <em>core expressions</em> of PROV-N. 
+
+
+
+
+</p><table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-expression" data-name="prod-expression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">2</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">expression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-activityExpression">activityExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-generationExpression">generationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-usageExpression">usageExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-startExpression">startExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-endExpression">endExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-invalidationExpression">invalidationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-communicationExpression">communicationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agentExpression">agentExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-associationExpression">associationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attributionExpression">attributionExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-delegationExpression">delegationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-derivationExpression">derivationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-influenceExpression">influenceExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-alternateExpression">alternateExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-specializationExpression">specializationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-membershipExpression">membershipExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></span> )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>Each of the symbols included in <code>expression</code> above, i.e., <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></code>,  <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-activityExpression">activityExpression</a></code> etc., corresponds to one concept (e.g., Entity, Activity, etc.) of the PROV data model.</p>
+
+
+<p>Alternatively,  the production rule <code><a href="#prod-document"><span class="grammarRef">document</span></a></code>
+provides the overall structure of PROV-N descriptions.  It is a wrapper  for
+ a set of expressions, such that the text for an element matches the corresponding <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code> production,  and some namespace declarations.</p>
+
+</section>
+
+
+<section id="prov-n-optionals"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">2.4 </span>Optional terms in expressions</h3>
+
+Some terms in an expression may be optional. For example:
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_5"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_5">Example 5</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
+</pre>
+In a derivation expression, the activity, generation, and usage are optional terms. They are specified in the first derivation, but not in the second.
+</div>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_6"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_6">Example 6</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">activity(a2, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, 2011-11-16T16:00:01)
+activity(a1)
+</pre>
+The start and end times for an activity are optional. They are specified in the first expression, but not in the second.
+</div>
+
+<p>The general rule for optionals is that, if <em>none</em> of the optionals are used in the expression, then they are simply omitted, resulting in a simpler expression as in the examples above.</p>
+However, it may be the case that only some of the optional terms are omitted. Because the position of the terms in the expression matters, an additional marker must be used to indicate that a particular term is not available. The symbol  <span class="name">'-'</span> is used for this purpose.
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_7"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_7">Example 7</a></div>
+<p>In the first expression below, all optionals are specified. However in the second and third, only one optional is specified, forcing the use of the marker for the missing terms. 
+
+</p><pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, -, -, u1)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, -, -)
+</pre>
+</div>
+Note that the more succinct form is just shorthand for a complete expression with all the markers specified:
+<div class="anexample" id="example_8"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_8">Example 8</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">activity(a1)
+activity(a1, -, -)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="prov-n-standard-terms"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">2.5 </span>Identifiers and attributes</h3>
+
+<p>Almost all expressions defined in the grammar include an identifier (see <a href="#expression-identifier">Section 3.7.1</a> for the full syntax of identifiers). Most expressions
+can also include a set of attribute-value pairs, delimited by square brackets. Identifiers are optional except for Entities, Activites, and Agents. Identifiers are always the first term in any expression.  <em>Optional</em> identifiers <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be separated using a semi-colon ';', but where the identifiers are required, a regular comma ',' <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be used. This makes it possible to completely omit an optional identifier with no ambiguity arising. Also, if the set of attribute-value pairs is present, it is always the last term in any expression.</p>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_9"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_9">Example 9</a></div>
+<p>Derivation has an optional identifier. In the first expression, the identifier is not available, while it is explicit in the second. The third example shows that one can optionally indicate the missing identifier using the <span class="name">-</span> marker. This is equivalent to the first expression. </p>
+<pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
+wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1)
+wasDerivedFrom(-; e2, e1)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+Lack of attributes can be equivalently expressed by omitting the list, or by using an empty list.
+
+<!-- Expressions with no attributes A distinction is made between expressions with no attributes, and expressions that include an empty list of attributes.  -->
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_10"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_10">Example 10</a></div>
+<p>The first and second activity expressions do not specify any attributes, and are equivalent.
+<!-- does not have any attributes. The second has an empty list of attributes. -->
+The third activity expression specifies two attributes. 
+</p><pre class="codeexample">activity(ex:a1)
+activity(ex:a1, [])
+activity(ex:a1, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="comments">
+<h3><span class="secno">2.6 </span>Comments</h3>
+
+
+Comments in PROV-N take two forms:
+<ul>
+<li> '//'  outside an <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></code> or <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></code>; such comments continue to the end of line (marked by characters U+000D or U+000A) or end of file if there is no end of line after the comment marker. 
+
+</li><li> '/*' ... '*/', outside an <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></code> or <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></code>.
+</li></ul>
+<p>Comments are treated as white space.</p>
+
+</section>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="prov-n-expressions"> 
+<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">3. </span>PROV-N Productions per Component</h2>
+
+<p>This section  introduces grammar productions for each expression, followed by small examples of expressions illustrating the grammar. Strings conforming to the grammar are valid expressions in the PROV-N language.</p>
+
+<section id="component1"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.1 </span>Component 1: Entities and Activities</h3>
+
+<section id="expression-Entity"> 
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.1 </span>Entity</h4>
+
+
+<p>
+
+</p><table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-entityExpression" data-name="prod-entityExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">3</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">entityExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"entity" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs" data-name="prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs"></a>[<span class="prodNo">4</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">optionalAttributeValuePairs</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( "," "[" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attributeValuePairs">attributeValuePairs</a></span> "]" )?</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-attributeValuePairs" data-name="prod-attributeValuePairs"></a>[<span class="prodNo">5</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">attributeValuePairs</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">(  | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attributeValuePair">attributeValuePair</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attributeValuePair">attributeValuePair</a></span> )* )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-attributeValuePair" data-name="prod-attributeValuePair"></a>[<span class="prodNo">6</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">attributeValuePair</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attribute">attribute</a></span> "=" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-literal">literal</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Entity maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-entity">Entity</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#entity.id"><span class="attribute" id="entity.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#entity.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="entity.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_11"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_11">Example 11</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">entity(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, [ prov:type="document" ])
+</pre>
+  Here <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is the entity identifier, and <span class="name">[ prov:type="document" ]</span> groups the optional attributes, only one in this example,  with their values.
+  <pre class="codeexample"><!-- entity(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, [ prov:type="document", ex:version=2 ]) -->
+entity(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215)
+</pre>
+Here, the optional attributes are absent.
+</div>
+
+
+
+</section> 
+<section id="expression-Activity"> 
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.2 </span>Activity</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-activityExpression" data-name="prod-activityExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">7</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">activityExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"activity" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-timeOrMarker" data-name="prod-timeOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">8</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">timeOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-time">time</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Activity maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-activity">Activity</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.id"><span class="attribute" id="activity.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.startTime"><span class="attribute" id="activity.startTime">startTime</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.endTime"><span class="attribute" id="activity.endTime">endTime</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="activity.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_12"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_12">Example 12</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">activity(ex:a10, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, 2011-11-16T16:00:01, [prov:type="createFile"])
+</pre>
+<p>Here <span class="name">ex:a10</span> is the  activity identifier, <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> and <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:01</span> are the optional start and end times for the activity, and <span class="name">[prov:type="createFile"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+<pre class="codeexample">activity(ex:a10)
+activity(ex:a10, -, -)
+activity(ex:a10, -, -, [prov:type="edit"])
+activity(ex:a10, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+activity(ex:a10, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, -)
+activity(ex:a10, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, -, [prov:type="createFile"])
+activity(ex:a10, [prov:type="edit"])
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+<section id="expression-Generation">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.3 </span>Generation</h4>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-generationExpression" data-name="prod-generationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">9</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">generationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasGeneratedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-optionalIdentifier" data-name="prod-optionalIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">10</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">optionalIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifierOrMarker">identifierOrMarker</a></span> ";" )?</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-identifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-identifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">11</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">identifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Generation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasgeneratedby">Generation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.id"><span class="attribute" id="generation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.entity"><span class="attribute" id="generation.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.activity"><span class="attribute" id="generation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.time"><span class="attribute" id="generation.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="generation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_13"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_13">Example 13</a></div>
+
+<pre class="codeexample">wasGeneratedBy(ex:g1; tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00,  [ex:fct="save"])
+</pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">ex:g1</span> is the optional generation identifier, <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is the identifier of the entity being generated,
+  <span class="name">ex:edit1</span> is the optional identifier of the generating activity, <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional generation time, and <span class="name"> [ex:fct="save"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+  
+<pre class="codeexample">wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1, -)
+wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1, -, [ex:fct="save"])     
+wasGeneratedBy(e2, [ex:fct="save"])     
+wasGeneratedBy(ex:g1; e)
+wasGeneratedBy(ex:g1; e, a, tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-generationExpression">generationExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+<!--
+<p><strong>Note:</strong> Even though the production  allows for expressions <span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(e2, -, -)</span>  and <span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(-; e2, -, -)</span>, these expressions are not valid in PROV-N, since at least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.activity"><span class='attribute'>activity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present.</p>
+-->
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-Usage">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.4 </span>Usage</h4>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-usageExpression" data-name="prod-usageExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">12</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">usageExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"used" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Usage maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-used">Usage</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.id"><span class="attribute" id="usage.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.activity"><span class="attribute" id="usage.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.entity"><span class="attribute" id="usage.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.time"><span class="attribute" id="usage.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="usage.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_14"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_14">Example 14</a></div>
+  
+<pre class="codeexample">used(ex:u1; ex:act2, ar3:0111, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:fct="load"])
+ </pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">ex:u1</span> is the optional usage identifier,  <span class="name">ex:act2</span> is the identifier of the using activity,
+  <span class="name">ar3:0111</span> is the identifier of the entity being used,
+ <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional usage time, and <span class="name"> [ex:fct="load"]</span> are optional attributes.</p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+
+  <pre class="codeexample">used(ex:act2)
+used(ex:act2, ar3:0111, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+used(a1,e1, -, [ex:fct="load"])
+used(ex:u1; ex:act2, ar3:0111, -)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-usageExpression">usageExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-wasInformedBy">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.5 </span>Communication</h4>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-communicationExpression" data-name="prod-communicationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">13</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">communicationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasInformedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Communication maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinformedby">Communication</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.id"><span class="attribute" id="communication.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.informed"><span class="attribute" id="communication.informed">informed</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.informant"><span class="attribute" id="communication.informant">informant</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="communication.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_15"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_15">Example 15</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">wasInformedBy(ex:inf1; ex:a1, ex:a2, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+</pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">ex:inf1</span> is the optional communication identifier,  <span class="name">ex:a1</span> is the identifier of the informed activity,
+  <span class="name">ex:a2</span> is the identifier of the informant activity,
+and <span class="name">[ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+
+<pre class="codeexample">wasInformedBy(ex:a1, ex:a2)
+wasInformedBy(ex:a1, ex:a2, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+wasInformedBy(i; ex:a1, ex:a2)
+wasInformedBy(i; ex:a1, ex:a2, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+</pre>
+</div>
+</section>
+
+
+
+<section id="expression-Start">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.6 </span>Start</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-startExpression" data-name="prod-startExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">14</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">startExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasStartedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Start maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasstartedby">Start</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.id"><span class="attribute" id="start.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.activity"><span class="attribute" id="start.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.trigger"><span class="attribute" id="start.trigger">trigger</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.starter"><span class="attribute" id="start.starter">starter</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.time"><span class="attribute" id="start.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="start.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_16"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_16">Example 16</a></div>
+
+  <pre class="codeexample">wasStartedBy(start; ex:act2, ex:trigger, ex:act1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:param="a"])
+  </pre>
+  <p>Here <span class="name">start</span> is the optional start identifier,  <span class="name">ex:act2</span> is the identifier of the started activity,
+  <span class="name">ex:trigger</span> is the optional identifier for the entity that triggered the activity start,
+   <span class="name">ex:act1</span> is the optional identifier for the activity that generated the (possibly unspecified) entity   <span class="name">ex:trigger</span>,
+ <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional start time, and <span class="name"> [ex:param="a"]</span> are optional attributes.</p>
+  The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+  
+  <pre class="codeexample">wasStartedBy(ex:act2, -, ex:act1, -)
+wasStartedBy(ex:act2, -, ex:act1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+wasStartedBy(ex:act2, -, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+wasStartedBy(ex:act2, [ex:param="a"])
+wasStartedBy(start; ex:act2, e, ex:act1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-startExpression">startExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-End">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.7 </span>End</h4>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-endExpression" data-name="prod-endExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">15</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">endExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasEndedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM End maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasendedby">End</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.id"><span class="attribute" id="end.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.activity"><span class="attribute" id="end.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.trigger"><span class="attribute" id="end.trigger">trigger</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.ender"><span class="attribute" id="end.ender">ender</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.time"><span class="attribute" id="end.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="end.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_17"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_17">Example 17</a></div>
+
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasEndedBy(end; ex:act2, ex:trigger, ex:act3,  2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:param="a"])
+  </pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">end</span> is the optional end identifier,  
+<span class="name">ex:act2</span> is the identifier of the ending activity,
+  <span class="name">ex:trigger</span> is the identifier of the entity that triggered the activity end,
+  <span class="name">ex:act3</span> is the optional identifier for the activity that generated the (possibly unspecified) entity   <span class="name">ex:trigger</span>,
+ <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional usage time, and <span class="name"> [ex:param="a"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+
+  
+<pre class="codeexample">wasEndedBy(ex:act2, ex:trigger, -, -)
+wasEndedBy(ex:act2, ex:trigger, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+wasEndedBy(ex:act2, -, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+wasEndedBy(ex:act2, -, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:param="a"])
+wasEndedBy(end; ex:act2)
+wasEndedBy(end; ex:act2, ex:trigger, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-endExpression">endExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+<section id="expression-Invalidation">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.8 </span>Invalidation</h4>
+
+
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-invalidationExpression" data-name="prod-invalidationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">16</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">invalidationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasInvalidatedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Invalidation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinvalidatedby">Invalidation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.id"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.entity"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.activity"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.time"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_18"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_18">Example 18</a></div>
+
+<pre class="codeexample">wasInvalidatedBy(ex:inv; tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00,  [ex:fct="save"])
+</pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">ex:inv</span> is the optional invalidation identifier, <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is the identifier of the entity being invalidated,
+  <span class="name">ex:edit1</span> is the optional identifier of the invalidating activity, <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional invalidation time, and <span class="name"> [ex:fct="save"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+  
+<pre class="codeexample">wasInvalidatedBy(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, -)
+wasInvalidatedBy(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+wasInvalidatedBy(e2, a1, -, [ex:fct="save"])     
+wasInvalidatedBy(e2, -, -, [ex:fct="save"])     
+wasInvalidatedBy(ex:inv; tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, -)
+wasInvalidatedBy(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, -)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-invalidationExpression">invalidationExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="component2"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.2 </span>Component 2: Derivations</h3>
+<section id="Derivation-Relation">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.2.1 </span>Derivation</h4>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-derivationExpression" data-name="prod-derivationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">17</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">derivationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasDerivedFrom" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-gIdentifierOrMarker">gIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-uIdentifierOrMarker">uIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Derivation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasderivedfrom">Derivation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.id"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.generatedEntity"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.generatedEntity">generatedEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.usedEntity"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.usedEntity">usedEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.activity"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.generation"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.generation">generation</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-gIdentifierOrMarker">gIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.usage"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.usage">usage</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-uIdentifierOrMarker">uIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-derivation"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-derivation">Example 19</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1, a, g2, u1, [ex:comment="a righteous derivation"])
+  </pre>
+<p>  Here
+    <span class="name">d</span> is the optional derivation identifier,
+  <span class="name">e2</span> is the identifier for the entity being derived,
+  <span class="name">e1</span> is the  identifier of the entity from which <span class="name">e2</span> is derived,
+  <span class="name">a</span> is the optional identifier of the activity which used/generated the entities,
+  <span class="name">g2</span> is the optional identifier of the generation,
+  <span class="name">u1</span> is the optional identifier of the usage,
+  and <span class="name">[ex:comment="a righteous derivation"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+
+  
+<pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, -, g2, u1)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, -, u1)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, -)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, -, -)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, -, -, u1)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, -, -, -)
+wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+wasDerivedFrom(-; e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+</section>
+<section id="expression-Revision">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.2.2 </span>Revision</h4>
+
+<p id="provn-type-Revision">
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Revision. Instead, a Revision <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as a 
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-derivationExpression">derivationExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Revision'</code>.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_20"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_20">Example 20</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1, a, g2, u1, 
+               [prov:type='prov:Revision', 
+                ex:comment="a righteous derivation"])
+  </pre>
+<p>Here, the derivation from
+<a href="#anexample-derivation" class="anexample-ref"><span>Example 19</span></a>
+is extended with a <span class="name">prov:type</span> attribute and value <span class="name">prov:Revision</span>.  The expression <code>'prov:Revision'</code> is <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-convenienceNotation">convenienceNotation</a></code> to denote a <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> literal (See  <a href="#expression-literal">Section 3.7.3. Literal</a>).
+</p></div>
+
+
+</section>  <!-- end revision -->
+<section id="expression-quotation">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.2.3 </span>Quotation</h4>
+
+<p id="provn-type-Quotation">
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Quotation. Instead, a Quotation <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be  expressed as a 
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-derivationExpression">derivationExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Quotation'</code>.</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_21"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_21">Example 21</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(quoteId1; ex:blockQuote,ex:blog, ex:act1, ex:g, ex:u,
+               [ prov:type='prov:Quotation' ]) 
+ </pre>
+
+<p>Here, the derivation is provided with a <span class="name">prov:type</span> attribute and value <span class="name">prov:Quotation</span>.
+</p></div>
+
+
+</section>  <!-- end quotation -->
+
+
+<section id="expression-primary-source">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.2.4 </span>Primary Source</h4>
+
+
+<p id="provn-type-Primary-Source">
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for PrimarySource. Instead, a PrimarySource <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as a 
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-derivationExpression">derivationExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Primary-Source'</code>.</p>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_22"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_22">Example 22</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(sourceId1;  ex:e1, ex:e2, ex:act, ex:g, ex:u, 
+               [ prov:type='prov:PrimarySource' ])
+</pre>
+<p>Here, the derivation is provided with a <span class="name">prov:type</span> attribute and value <span class="name">prov:PrimarySource</span>.
+  </p>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>  <!-- end primary source -->
+
+</section>
+
+
+<section id="component3"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.3 </span>Component 3: Agents, Responsibility, and Influence</h3>
+<section id="expression-Agent">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.3.1 </span>Agent</h4>
+
+<!--
+<div class='grammar'>
+<span class="nonterminal">agentExpression</span>&nbsp;::= 
+<span class="name">agent</span>
+<span class="name">(</span>
+<span class="nonterminal">identifier</span>
+<span class="nonterminal">optional-attribute-values</span>
+<span class="name">)</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+-->
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-agentExpression" data-name="prod-agentExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">18</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">agentExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"agent" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Agent maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-agent">Agent</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#agent.id"><span class="attribute" id="agent.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#agent.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="agent.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Person, Organization, SoftwareAgent. Instead, a Person, an Organization, or a SoftwareAgent <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as an
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agentExpression">agentExpression</a></code> with attribute 
+<span id="provn-type-Person"><code>prov:type='prov:Person'</code></span>,
+<span id="provn-type-Organization"><code>prov:type='prov:Organization'</code></span>, or
+<span id="provn-type-SoftwareAgent"><code>prov:type='prov:SoftwareAgent'</code></span>, respectively.</p>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_23"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_23">Example 23</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">agent(ag4, [ prov:type='prov:Person', ex:name="David" ])
+</pre>
+<p>Here <span class="name">ag</span> is the agent identifier, and
+   <span class="name">[ prov:type='prov:Person', ex:name="David" ]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+In the next example, the optional attributes are omitted.
+
+<pre class="codeexample">agent(ag4)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+<section id="expression-attribution">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.3.2 </span>Attribution</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-attributionExpression" data-name="prod-attributionExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">19</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">attributionExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasAttributedTo" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Attribution maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasattributedto">Attribution</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.id"><span class="attribute" id="attribution.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.entity"><span class="attribute" id="attribution.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.agent"><span class="attribute" id="attribution.agent">agent</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="attribution.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_24"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_24">Example 24</a></div>
+
+<pre class="codeexample">wasAttributedTo(attr; e, ag, [ex:license='cc:attributionURL' ])
+  </pre>
+<p>    Here <span class="name">attr</span> is the optional attribution identifier,  <span class="name">e</span> is an entity identifier,
+  <span class="name">ag</span> is the identifier of the agent to whom the entity is abscribed, 
+and <span class="name">[ex:license='cc:attributionURL' ]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+
+<pre class="codeexample">wasAttributedTo(e, ag)
+wasAttributedTo(e, ag, [ex:license='cc:attributionURL' ])
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+</section>  <!-- end attribution -->
+
+
+<section id="expression-Association">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.3.3 </span>Association</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-associationExpression" data-name="prod-associationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">20</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">associationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasAssociatedWith" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifierOrMarker">agIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Association maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasassociatedwith">Association</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.id"><span class="attribute" id="association.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.activity"><span class="attribute" id="association.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.agent"><span class="attribute" id="association.agent">agent</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifierOrMarker">agIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.plan"><span class="attribute" id="association.plan">plan</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="association.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<p id="provn-type-Plan">
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Plan. Instead, a Plan <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as an
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Plan'</code>.</p>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_25"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_25">Example 25</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">wasAssociatedWith(ex:assoc; ex:a1, ex:ag1, ex:e1, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+  </pre>
+
+<p>  Here <span class="name">ex:assoc</span> is the optional attribution identifier,
+  <span class="name">ex:a1</span> is an activity identifier,
+  <span class="name">ex:ag1</span> is the optional identifier of the agent associated to the activity,
+  <span class="name">ex:e1</span> is the optional identifier of the plan used by the agent in the context of the activity,
+  and <span class="name"> [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+
+  
+  
+<pre class="codeexample">wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, -, ex:e1)
+wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, ex:ag1)
+wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, ex:ag1, ex:e1)
+wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, ex:ag1, ex:e1, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+wasAssociatedWith(a; ex:a1, -, ex:e1)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-associationExpression">associationExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_26"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_26">Example 26</a></div>
+<p>The  following expression illustrates a plan.
+</p><pre class="codeexample">  entity(ex:pl1,   [ prov:type='prov:Plan' ])
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<!--
+<p><strong>Note:</strong>The production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-associationExpression">associationExpression</a></code> allows for expressions <span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(a, -, -)</span>  and <span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(-; a, -, -)</span>. However, these expressions are not valid in PROV-N, 
+since
+at least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.agent"><span class='attribute'>agent</span></a>,  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.plan"><span class='attribute'>plan</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a>  MUST be present.</p>
+-->
+
+</section>
+<section id="expression-delegation">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.3.4 </span>Delegation</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-delegationExpression" data-name="prod-delegationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">21</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">delegationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"actedOnBehalfOf" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Delegation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-actedonbehalfof">Delegation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.id"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.delegate"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.delegate">delegate</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.responsible"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.responsible">responsible</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.activity"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_27"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_27">Example 27</a></div>
+
+  <pre class="codeexample">actedOnBehalfOf(del1; ag2, ag1, a, [prov:type="contract"])
+  </pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">del1</span> is the optional delegation identifier,
+  <span class="name">ag2</span> is the identifier for the delegate agent,
+  <span class="name">ag1</span> is the  identifier of the responsible agent,
+  <span class="name">a</span> is the optional identifier of the activity for which the delegation link holds,
+  and <span class="name">[prov:type="contract"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+
+
+<pre class="codeexample">actedOnBehalfOf(ag1, ag2)
+actedOnBehalfOf(ag1, ag2, a)
+actedOnBehalfOf(ag1, ag2, -, [prov:type="delegation"])
+actedOnBehalfOf(ag2, ag3, a, [prov:type="contract"])
+actedOnBehalfOf(del1; ag2, ag3, a, [prov:type="contract"])
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-influence">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.3.5 </span>Influence</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-influenceExpression" data-name="prod-influenceExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">22</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">influenceExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasInfluencedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Influence maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinfluencedby">Influence</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.id"><span class="attribute" id="influence.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.influencee"><span class="attribute" id="influence.influencee">influencee</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.influencer"><span class="attribute" id="influence.influencer">influencer</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="influence.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_28"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_28">Example 28</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasInfluencedBy(infl1;e2,e1,[ex:param="a"])
+  </pre>
+<p>  Here,
+    <span class="name">infl1</span> is the optional influence identifier,
+  <span class="name">e2</span> is an entity identifier,
+  <span class="name">e1</span> is the identifier for an ancestor entity that   <span class="name">e2</span> is influenced by,
+  and <span class="name">[ex:param="a"]</span> is the optional set of attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+
+
+  <pre class="codeexample">wasInfluencedBy(e2,e1)
+wasInfluencedBy(e2,e1,[ex:param="a"])
+wasInfluencedBy(infl1; e2,e1)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+</section>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="component4"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.4 </span>Component 4: Bundles</h3>
+
+<section id="expression-bundle-constructor"> 
+<h4><span class="secno">3.4.1 </span>Bundle Constructor</h4>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-bundle" data-name="prod-bundle"></a>[<span class="prodNo">23</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">bundle</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"bundle" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></span>)? (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></span>)* "endBundle"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>Bundles cannot be nested. It is for this reason that  a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code> is not defined as an <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code>,  to prevent the occurrence of a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code> inside another <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code>.</p>
+
+<p>Each identifier occurring in a bundle, including the bundle identifier itself, <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be interpreted with respect to the namespace declarations of that bundle, or if the identifier's prefix is not declared in the bundle, with respect to the namespace declarations in the document. </p>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM bundle maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-bundle-constructor">Bundle</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#bundle.constructor.id"><span class="attribute" id="bundle.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#bundle.constructor.descriptions"><span class="attribute" id="bundle.descriptions">descriptions</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-namespaceDeclaration"><span class="attribute" id="namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-bundle1"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-bundle1">Example 29</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">bundle ex:author-view
+  prefix ex  &lt;http://example.org/&gt;
+  agent(ex:Paolo,   [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
+  agent(ex:Simon,   [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
+  //...
+endBundle
+  </pre>
+<p> Here  <span class="name">ex:author-view</span> is the name of the bundle. 
+</p>
+
+
+
+
+</div>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-bundle-type"> 
+<h4><span class="secno">3.4.2 </span>Bundle Type</h4>
+
+<p id="provn-type-Bundle">
+When described, a Bundle <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as an <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Bundle'</code>.</p>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_30"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_30">Example 30</a></div>
+<p>The bundle of
+<a href="#anexample-bundle1" class="anexample-ref"><span>Example 29</span></a> can be referred to as an an entity, and its provenance described.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  entity(ex:author-view,   [ prov:type='prov:Bundle' ])
+</pre>
+</div>
+</section>
+</section>
+
+<section id="component5"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.5 </span>Component 5: Alternate Entities</h3>
+<section id="expression-alternate">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.5.1 </span>Alternate</h4>
+
+<!--
+<div class='grammar'>
+   <span class="nonterminal">alternateExpression</span>&nbsp;::=
+  <span class="name">alternateOf</span> 
+<span class="name">(</span> 
+<span class="nonterminal">eIdentifier</span> 
+<span class="name">,</span> 
+<span class="nonterminal">eIdentifier</span> 
+<span class="name">)</span>  
+</div>
+-->
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-alternateExpression" data-name="prod-alternateExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">24</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">alternateExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"alternateOf" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Alternate maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-alternateof">Alternate</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#alternate.alternate1"><span class="attribute" id="alternate.alternate1">alternate1</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#alternate.alternate2"><span class="attribute" id="alternate.alternate2">alternate2</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_31"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_31">Example 31</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">alternateOf(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215,ex:alternate-20111215)
+</pre>
+  Here  <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is alternate for   <span class="name">ex:alternate-20111215</span>.
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+<section id="expression-specialization">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.5.2 </span>Specialization</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-specializationExpression" data-name="prod-specializationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">25</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">specializationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"specializationOf" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Specialization maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-specializationof">Specialization</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#specialization.specificEntity"><span class="attribute" id="specialization.specificEntity">specificEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#specialization.generalEntity"><span class="attribute" id="specialization.generalEntity">generalEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_32"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_32">Example 32</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">specializationOf(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215,tr:prov-dm)
+</pre>
+    Here  <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is a specialization of <span class="name">tr:prov-dm</span>.
+</div>
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+<section id="component6"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.6 </span>Component 6: Collections</h3>
+
+
+<section id="expression-collection">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.6.1 </span>Collection</h4>
+
+
+<p>
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Collection and EmptyCollection. Instead, a Collection or an EmptyCollection <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as an
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></code> with attribute 
+<span id="provn-type-Collection"><code>prov:type='prov:Collection'</code></span>, or
+<span id="provn-type-EmptyCollection"><code>prov:type='prov:EmptyCollection'</code></span>, respectively.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_33"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_33">Example 33</a></div>
+<p>The  following two expressions are about a collection and an empty collection, respectively.
+</p><pre class="codeexample">  entity(ex:col1,   [ prov:type='prov:Collection' ])
+  entity(ex:col2,   [ prov:type='prov:EmptyCollection' ])
+</pre>
+</div>
+</section>
+
+
+<section id="expression-collection-membership">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.6.2 </span>Membership</h4>
+
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-membershipExpression" data-name="prod-membershipExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">26</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">membershipExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"hadMember" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-cIdentifier">cIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Membership maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-hadmember">Membership</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#membership.collection"><span class="attribute" id="membership.collection">collection</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-cIdentifier">cIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#membership.entity"><span class="attribute" id="membership.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_34"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_34">Example 34</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">   hadMember(c, e1)   // c contained e1
+   hadMember(c, e2)   // c contained e2 
+  </pre>
+<p>  Here
+  <span class="name">c</span> is the  identifier for the collection whose membership is stated, and 
+  <span class="name">e1</span> and <span class="name">e2</span> are the entities that are members of collection c 
+<!--
+    <span class="name">true</span> is the complete flag indicating that the collection member is believed to be closed,
+    and <span class="name">[prov:label="A beautiful collection"]</span> is the optional set of attributes. </p>  
+-->
+
+</p></div>
+
+</section>
+
+</section>   <!-- end collections-->
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="subexpressions">
+<h3><span class="secno">3.7 </span>Further Expressions</h3>
+
+This section defines further expressions of PROV-N.
+
+
+<section id="expression-identifier">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.7.1 </span>Identifier</h4>
+
+<p>Various kinds of identifiers are used in productions.</p>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-eIdentifier" data-name="prod-eIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">27</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">eIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-aIdentifier" data-name="prod-aIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">28</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">aIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-agIdentifier" data-name="prod-agIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">29</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">agIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-gIdentifier" data-name="prod-gIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">30</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">gIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-uIdentifier" data-name="prod-uIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">31</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">uIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-cIdentifier" data-name="prod-cIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">32</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">cIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-eIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-eIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">33</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">eIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-aIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-aIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">34</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">aIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-agIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-agIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">35</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">agIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-gIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-gIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">36</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">gIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-gIdentifier">gIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-uIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-uIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">37</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">uIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-uIdentifier">uIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-identifier" data-name="prod-identifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">38</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">identifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>
+A <dfn id="dfn-qualifiedName">qualified name</dfn> is a name subject to namespace interpretation. It consists of a namespace, denoted by an optional prefix, and a local name.
+The PROV data model  stipulates that a qualified name can be mapped to an IRI
+ by concatenating the IRI associated with the prefix and the local part.  This section provides the exact details of this procedure for qualified names defined by PROV-N. </p>
+
+<p>A qualified name's prefix is <em class="rfc2119" title="OPTIONAL">OPTIONAL</em>. If a prefix occurs in a
+ qualified name, the prefix <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> refer to a namespace declared in a namespace declaration.  In the absence of prefix, the qualified name 
+ belongs to the default namespace.</p>
+
+<!--
+<div class='grammar'>
+<span class="nonterminal">eIdentifier</span>&nbsp;::=  <span class="nonterminal">identifier</span><br/>
+<span class="nonterminal">aIdentifier</span>&nbsp;::=  <span class="nonterminal">identifier</span><br/>
+<span class="nonterminal">agIdentifier</span>&nbsp;::=  <span class="nonterminal">identifier</span><br/>
+<span class="nonterminal">gIdentifier</span>&nbsp;::=  <span class="nonterminal">identifier</span><br/>
+
+<span class="nonterminal">identifier</span>&nbsp;::=  <span class="nonterminal">QUALIFIED_NAME</span><br/>
+<span class="nonterminal">eIdentifier</span>&nbsp;::=  <span class="nonterminal">identifier</span>  <em>(intended to denote an entity)</em><br/>
+<span class="nonterminal">aIdentifier</span>&nbsp;::=  <span class="nonterminal">identifier</span>  <em>(intended to denote an activity)</em><br/>
+<span class="nonterminal">agIdentifier</span>&nbsp;::=  <span class="nonterminal">identifier</span>  <em>(intended to denote an agent)</em><br/>
+<span class="nonterminal">gIdentifier</span>::=  <span class="nonterminal">identifier</span> <em>(intended to denote a generation)</em><br/>
+<span class="nonterminal">uIdentifier</span>::=  <span class="nonterminal">identifier</span> <em>(intended to denote a usage)</em><br/>
+<span class="nonterminal">nIdentifier</span>::=  <span class="nonterminal">identifier</span> <em>(intended to denote a note)</em><br/>
+<span class="nonterminal">cIdentifier</span>::=  <span class="nonterminal">identifier</span> <em>(intended to denote a collection)</em><br/>
+</div>
+-->
+
+
+<p>A PROV-N qualified name (production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code>) has a more permissive syntax then XML's <code class="content"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/#NT-QName">QName</a></code> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-XML-NAMES">XML-NAMES</a></cite>]
+and SPARQL <code class="content"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115/#rPrefixedName">PrefixedName</a></code> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF-SPARQL-QUERY">RDF-SPARQL-QUERY</a></cite>]. 
+A <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> consists of a prefix and a local part. Prefixes follow the production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code> defined by SPARQL [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF-SPARQL-QUERY">RDF-SPARQL-QUERY</a></cite>]. Local parts have to be conformant with <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code>, which extends the original SPARQL <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code> definition 
+by allowing further characters (see <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</a></code>):</p>
+<ul>
+<li> an extra set of characters commonly encountered in IRIs;
+</li><li> %-escaped characters (see <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PERCENT">PERCENT</a></code>) to be interpreted as per
+ Section 3.1.  Mapping of IRIs to URIs in [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3987">RFC3987</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> and \-escaped characters (see <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_ESC">PN_CHARS_ESC</a></code>).</li>
+</ul>
+
+
+
+<p>Given that 
+'=' (equal),
+''' (single quote),
+'(' (left bracket),
+')' (right bracket),
+',' (comma),
+':' (colon),
+';' (semi-colon),   
+'"' (double quote),  <!-- " -->
+'[' (left square bracket),
+']' (right square bracket) are used by the PROV notation as delimiters, they are not allowed in local parts. 
+Instead, among those characters, those that are permitted in SPARQL
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></code>  are also allowed in <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code> if they are escaped by the '\' (backslash character) as per production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_ESC">PN_CHARS_ESC</a></code>. Furthermore, '.' (dot), ':' (colon), '-' (hyphen) can also be \-escaped.</p>
+
+
+
+<p>A PROV-N qualified name <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> can be mapped to a valid IRI [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3987">RFC3987</a></cite>] by concatenating the namespace denoted  its local name <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code> to the local name <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code>, whose \-escaped characters have been unescaped by dropping the character '\' (backslash).</p>
+
+ 
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME" data-name="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME"></a>[<span class="prodNo">52</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">QUALIFIED_NAME</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></span> ":" )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></span> ":"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-PN_LOCAL" data-name="prod-PN_LOCAL"></a>[<span class="prodNo">53</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">PN_LOCAL</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_CHARS_U">PN_CHARS_U</a></span> | [0-9] | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</a></span> ) ( ( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_CHARS">PN_CHARS</a></span> | "." | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</a></span> )* ( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_CHARS">PN_CHARS</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</a></span> ) )?</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS" data-name="prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS"></a>[<span class="prodNo">54</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"/"<br> | "@"<br> | "~"<br> | "&amp;"<br> | "+"<br> | "*"<br> | "?"<br> | "#"<br> | "$"<br> | "!"<br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PERCENT">PERCENT</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_ESC">PN_CHARS_ESC</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-PN_CHARS_ESC" data-name="prod-PN_CHARS_ESC"></a>[<span class="prodNo">55</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">PN_CHARS_ESC</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"\" ( "=" | "'" | "(" | ")" | "," | "-" | ":" | ";" | "[" | "]" | "." )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-PERCENT" data-name="prod-PERCENT"></a>[<span class="prodNo">56</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">PERCENT</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"%" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-HEX">HEX</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-HEX">HEX</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-HEX" data-name="prod-HEX"></a>[<span class="prodNo">57</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">HEX</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">[0-9]<br> | [A-F]<br> | [a-f]</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-qualified-name"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-qualified-name">Example 35</a></div>
+<p>Examples of articles on the BBC Web site seen as  entities.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
+  prefix bbc &lt;http://www.bbc.co.uk/&gt;
+  prefix bbcNews &lt;http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/&gt;
+
+  entity(bbc:)                          // bbc site itself
+  entity(bbc:news/)                     // bbc news
+  entity(bbc:news/world-asia-17507976)  // a given news article
+
+  entity(bbcNews:)                      // an alternative way of referring to the bbc news site
+
+endDocument
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-qualified-name2"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-qualified-name2">Example 36</a></div>
+<p>Examples of entities with declared and default namespace.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
+  default &lt;http://example.org/2/&gt;
+  prefix ex &lt;http://example.org/1/&gt;
+
+  entity(ex:a)     //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/1/a
+  entity(ex:a/)    //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/1/a/
+  entity(ex:a/b)   //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/1/a/b
+  entity(b)        //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/2/b
+  entity(ex:1234)  //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/1/1234
+  entity(4567)     //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/2/4567
+  entity(c/)       //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/2/c/
+  entity(ex:/)     //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/1//
+endDocument
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-qualified-name3"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-qualified-name3">Example 37</a></div>
+<p>Examples of \-escaped characters.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
+  prefix ex &lt;http://example.org/&gt;
+  default &lt;http://example.org/default&gt;
+
+  entity(ex:foo?a\=1)            // corresponds to IRI http://example.org/foo?a=1
+  entity(ex:\-)                  // corresponds to IRI http://example.org/-
+  entity(ex:?fred\=fish%20soup)  // corresponds to IRI http://example.org/?fred=fish%20soup
+
+  used(-;a1,e1,-)                // identifier not specified for usage  
+  used(\-;a1,e1,-)               // usage identifier corresponds to http://example.org/default-
+endDocument
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<p><b>Note:</b> The productions for the terminals  <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> and  <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code> are conflicting.
+Indeed,  for a tokenizer operating independently of the parse tree, <code>abc</code> matches both 
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> and
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code>.
+  In the context of a <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></code>, a tokenizer should give  preference to the production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code>.
+</p>
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-attribute">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.7.2 </span>Attribute</h4>
+
+<!--
+<div class='grammar'>
+<span class="nonterminal">attribute</span>&nbsp;::=  <span class="nonterminal">qualifiedName</span><br/>
+</div>
+-->
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-attribute" data-name="prod-attribute"></a>[<span class="prodNo">39</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">attribute</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The  reserved attributes in the PROV namespace are the following.
+Their meaning is explained by [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>] (see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute">Section 5.7.2: Attribute</a>).
+</p>
+
+<ol>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-label"><span class="name">prov:label</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-location"><span class="name">prov:location</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-role"><span class="name">prov:role</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-type"><span class="name">prov:type</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-value"><span class="name">prov:value</span></a>
+</li></ol>
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="expression-literal">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.7.3 </span>Literal</h4>
+
+<!--
+<div class='grammar'>
+<span class="nonterminal">Literal</span> &nbsp;::= <span class="nonterminal">typedLiteral</span> | <span class="nonterminal">convenienceNotation</span> <br/>
+<span class="nonterminal">typedLiteral</span> ::= <span class="nonterminal">quotedString</span> <span class="name">%%</span> <span class="nonterminal">datatype</span><br/>
+<span class="nonterminal">datatype</span> ::= <span class="nonterminal">qualifiedName</span> <em> listed in Table <a href="#permitted-datatypes">permitted-datatypes</a></em><br/>
+<span class="nonterminal">convenienceNotation</span> &nbsp;::= <span class="nonterminal">stringLiteral</span> | <span class="nonterminal">intLiteral</span><br/>
+<span class="nonterminal">stringLiteral</span> ::= <span class="nonterminal">quotedString</span><br/>
+<span class="nonterminal">quotedString</span> ::= <em>a finite sequence of characters in which &quot; (#x22) and \ (#x5C) occur only in pairs of the form \&quot; (#x5C, #x22) and \\ (#x5C,
+#x5C), enclosed in a pair of &quot; (#x22) characters</em><br/>
+<span class="nonterminal">intLiteral</span> ::= <em>a finite-length non-empty sequence of decimal digits (#x30-#x39) with an optional leading negative sign (-)</em>
+</div>
+-->
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-literal" data-name="prod-literal"></a>[<span class="prodNo">40</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">literal</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-typedLiteral">typedLiteral</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-convenienceNotation">convenienceNotation</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-typedLiteral" data-name="prod-typedLiteral"></a>[<span class="prodNo">41</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">typedLiteral</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></span> "%%" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-datatype">datatype</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-datatype" data-name="prod-datatype"></a>[<span class="prodNo">42</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">datatype</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-convenienceNotation" data-name="prod-convenienceNotation"></a>[<span class="prodNo">43</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">convenienceNotation</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></span> (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rLANGTAG">LANGTAG</a></span>)?<br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL">QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-STRING_LITERAL" data-name="prod-STRING_LITERAL"></a>[<span class="prodNo">58</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">STRING_LITERAL</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rSTRING_LITERAL2">STRING_LITERAL2</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rSTRING_LITERAL_LONG2">STRING_LITERAL_LONG2</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-INT_LITERAL" data-name="prod-INT_LITERAL"></a>[<span class="prodNo">60</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">INT_LITERAL</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">("-")? (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-DIGIT">DIGIT</a></span>)+</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-DIGIT" data-name="prod-DIGIT"></a>[<span class="prodNo">62</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">DIGIT</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">[0-9]</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL" data-name="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL"></a>[<span class="prodNo">61</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"'" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span> "'"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>In production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-datatype">datatype</a></code>, the <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> is used to denote a <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-value">PROV data type</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>].
+
+
+</p><p>The non terminals
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></code>,
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></code>, and
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL">QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL</a></code>
+are syntactic sugar for quoted strings with datatype 
+<code class="content"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#string"><span class="name">xsd:string</span></a></code>,
+<code class="content"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#int"><span class="name">xsd:int</span></a></code>, and
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">prov:QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code>
+respectively.
+</p>
+
+<p> In particular, a Literal may be an IRI-typed string (with datatype <span class="name">xsd:anyURI</span>);  such IRI has no specific interpretation in the context of PROV.</p>
+
+
+<p><b>Note:</b> The productions for terminals <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> and
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></code> are conflicting.  
+Indeed, for a tokenizer operating independently of the parse tree, <code>1234</code> matches both <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></code> and <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> (local name without prefix). In the context of
+a <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-convenienceNotation">convenienceNotation</a></code>, a tokenizer should give preference to the production
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></code>. 
+</p>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-convenience"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-convenience">Example 38</a></div>
+<p>
+The following examples illustrate convenience notations.</p>
+
+<p>The two following expressions are strings; if <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-datatype">datatype</a></code> is not specified, it is <code>xsd:string</code>.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  "abc" %% xsd:string
+  "abc"
+</pre>
+
+
+<p>The two following expressions are integers. For convenience, numbers, expressed as digits optionally preceded by a minus sign, can occur without quotes.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  "1234" %% xsd:integer
+  1234
+  "-1234" %% xsd:integer
+  -1234
+</pre>
+
+<p>The two following expressions are qualified names. Values of type qualified name can be conveniently expressed within single quotes.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  "ex:value" %% prov:QUALIFIED_NAME
+  'ex:value'
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-value"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-value">Example 39</a></div>
+<p>
+The following examples respectively are the string "abc", the string (in French) "bonjour", the integer number 1, and the IRI "http://example.org/foo".</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  "abc"
+  "bonjour"@fr
+  "1" %% xsd:integer
+  "http://example.org/foo" %% xsd:anyURI
+</pre>
+<p>The following examples respectively are the floating point number 1.01 and the boolean true.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  "1.01" %% xsd:float
+  "true" %% xsd:boolean
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<section id="expression-types">
+<h5><span class="secno">3.7.3.1 </span>Reserved Type Values</h5>
+
+<p>The  reserved type values in the PROV namespace are the following.
+Their meaning is defined [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>] (see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-type">Section 5.7.2.4: prov:type</a>).
+</p>
+
+<ol>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-bundle-entity"><span class="name">prov:Bundle</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-collection"><span class="name">prov:Collection</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-empty-collection"><span class="name">prov:EmptyCollection</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-organization"><span class="name">prov:Organization</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-person"><span class="name">prov:Person</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-plan"><span class="name">prov:Plan</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-primary-source"><span class="name">prov:PrimarySource</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-quotation"><span class="name">prov:Quotation</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-revision"><span class="name">prov:Revision</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-software-agent"><span class="name">prov:SoftwareAgent</span></a>
+</li></ol>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-types"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-types">Example 40</a></div>
+<p>The agent <span class="name">ag</span> is a person (type: <span class="name">prov:Person</span>), whereas the entity 
+<span class="name">pl</span> is a plan (type: <span class="name">prov:Plan</span>).</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">agent(ag,  [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
+entity(pl, [ prov:type='prov:Plan' ])
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-Time">
+<h5><span class="secno">3.7.3.2 </span>Time Values</h5>
+
+<p><dfn id="dfn-time">Time instants</dfn> are defined according to xsd:dateTime [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-XMLSCHEMA11-2">XMLSCHEMA11-2</a></cite>].</p> 
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-time" data-name="prod-time"></a>[<span class="prodNo">44</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">time</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#nt-dateTimeRep">DATETIME</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-time"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-time">Example 41</a></div>
+
+<p>The third argument in the following usage expression is a time instance, namely 4pm on 2011-11-16.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">used(ex:act2, ar3:0111, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="expression-NamespaceDeclaration">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.7.4 </span>Namespace Declaration</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-namespaceDeclarations" data-name="prod-namespaceDeclarations"></a>[<span class="prodNo">45</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">namespaceDeclarations</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-defaultNamespaceDeclaration">defaultNamespaceDeclaration</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></span> ) (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></span>)*</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-namespaceDeclaration" data-name="prod-namespaceDeclaration"></a>[<span class="prodNo">46</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">namespaceDeclaration</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"prefix" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespace">namespace</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-defaultNamespaceDeclaration" data-name="prod-defaultNamespaceDeclaration"></a>[<span class="prodNo">47</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">defaultNamespaceDeclaration</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"default" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-namespace" data-name="prod-namespace"></a>[<span class="prodNo">48</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">namespace</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>A <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></code> consists of a binding between a prefix and a namespace. Every qualified name with this prefix in the scope of this declaration belongs to this namespace. 
+A <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-defaultNamespaceDeclaration">defaultNamespaceDeclaration</a></code> consists of a namespace. Every qualified name without prefix in the scope of this declaration belongs to this namespace. Scope of a prefix-namespace declaration is specified as follows:</p>
+<ul>
+<li> 
+The scope of a prefix-namespace declaration directly occurring in a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code> is the <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code> itself.</li>
+<li>
+The scope of a prefix-namespace declaration directly occurring in a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-document">document</a></code> is the <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-document">document</a></code> including the <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundles</a></code> it contains but excluding those <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundles</a></code> that re-declare this prefix.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>A set of namespace declarations <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST NOT">MUST NOT</em> re-declare the same prefix.</p>
+
+<p>A set of namespace declarations <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code> occurring in a bundle <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> re-declare a prefix declared in a surrounding document.</p>
+
+<p>A namespace declaration <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></code> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST NOT">MUST NOT</em> declare prefixes <span class="name">prov</span> and <span class="name">xsd</span>  (see <a href="#namespace-table">Table 1</a> for their IRI).</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-namespace"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-namespace">Example 42</a></div>
+<p>The following example declares three namespaces, one default, and two with explicit prefixes <span class="name">ex1</span> and <span class="name">ex2</span>.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
+  default &lt;http://example.org/0/&gt;
+  prefix ex1 &lt;http://example.org/1/&gt;
+  prefix ex2 &lt;http://example.org/2/&gt;
+...
+endDocument
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-namespace-scope"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-namespace-scope">Example 43</a></div>
+<p>In the following example, a document declares a default namespace and the occurrence of
+<code>e001</code> directly occurring in the document refers to that namespace.
+A nested bundle also declares a default namespace, but with a different IRI.
+In that  bundle, the occurrences of
+<code>e001</code>, including the bundle name, refer to the latest default namespace.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
+  default &lt;http://example.org/1/&gt;
+  entity(e001)                             // IRI: http://example.org/1/e001
+
+  bundle e001                              // IRI: http://example.org/2/e001
+    default &lt;http://example.org/2/&gt;
+    entity(e001)                           // IRI: http://example.org/2/e001
+  endBundle
+endDocument
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-namespace-scope2"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-namespace-scope2">Example 44</a></div>
+<p>In the following example, a document declares a namespace with prefix <code>ex</code> and the occurrence of
+<code>ex:e001</code> directly occurring in the document refers to that namespace.
+In a nested bundle, the occurrence of
+<code>ex:e001</code> also  refers to the same namespace.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
+  prefix ex &lt;http://example.org/1/&gt;
+  entity(ex:e001)                            // IRI: http://example.org/1/e001
+
+  bundle b
+    entity(ex:001)                           // IRI: http://example.org/1/e001
+  endBundle
+endDocument
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="semantic-rules-summary">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.7.5 </span>Summary of additional semantic rules</h4>
+
+<p>Some of the grammar productions allow for expressions that are syntactically correct, and yet according to [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>] they are not acceptable, because additional semantic rules are defined for those expressions.
+ The following table provides a summary of such expressions along with examples of syntactically correct but unacceptable forms, and the additional semantic rules.</p>
+
+<div style="text-align: left;">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<caption id="validity-rules-table">Table 2: Summary of additional semantic rules for grammar productions</caption>
+<tbody><tr><td><b>Production</b></td>
+     <td><b>Examples of syntactically correct expressions</b></td>
+     <td><b>Additional semantic rule</b></td>
+</tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-generationExpression">Generation expression</a></td>
+    <td><span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(e2, -, -)</span><br><span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(-; e2, -, -)</span></td>
+    <td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.activity"><span class="attribute">activity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present.</td>  
+</tr>
+<tr><td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-usageExpression">Usage expression</a></td>
+<td><span class="name">used(a2, -, -)</span><br><span class="name">used(-; a2, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.entity"><span class="attribute">entity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-startExpression">Start expression</a></td>
+<td> <span class="name">wasStartedBy(e2, -, -, -)</span><br><span class="name">wasStartedBy(-; e2, -, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.trigger"><span class="attribute">trigger</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.starter"><span class="attribute">starter</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-endExpression">End expression</a></td>
+<td><span class="name">wasEndedBy(e2, -, -, -)</span><br><span class="name">wasEndedBy(-; e2, -, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.trigger"><span class="attribute">trigger</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.ender"><span class="attribute">ender</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-invalidationExpression">Invalidation expression</a></td>
+<td><span class="name">wasInvalidatedBy(e2, -, -)</span>  <br><span class="name">wasInvalidatedBy(-; e2, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.activity"><span class="attribute">activity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-associationExpression">Association expression</a></td>
+<td><span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(a, -, -)</span> <br><span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(-; a, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.agent"><span class="attribute">agent</span></a>,  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.plan"><span class="attribute">plan</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a>  <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+</tr>
+
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+</section>
+
+</section>
+
+
+</section>  <!-- end sec 3 -->
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="document">
+<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">4. </span>Document</h2>
+
+<p>A <dfn id="dfn-document">document</dfn> is a house-keeping construct of PROV-N capable of packaging up PROV-N expressions and namespace declarations.  A document forms a self-contained package of provenance descriptions for the purpose of <em>exchanging</em> them.  A document may be used
+ to  package up PROV-N expressions in response to a request for the provenance of something ([<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-AQ">PROV-AQ</a></cite>]).</p>
+
+<p> Given its status of house keeping construct for the purpose of exchanging provenance expressions,  a document is not defined as a PROV-N expression (production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code>).</p> 
+
+
+
+
+
+<p>A document's text matches the <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-document">document</a></code> production.</p>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-document" data-name="prod-document"></a>[<span class="prodNo">1</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">document</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"document" (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></span>)? (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></span>)* (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></span>)* "endDocument"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>A document contains:
+</p><ul>
+<li><em>namespaceDeclarations</em>: a set of namespace declarations <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code>, declaring namespaces and associated prefixes, which can be used in attributes and identifiers occurring inside  <em>expressions</em> or <em>bundles</em>;</li>
+<li><em>expressions</em>:  a set of expressions, each matching <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code>;</li>
+<li><em>bundles</em>:  a  set of expressions, each matching
+<code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code>.</li>
+</ul>
+
+
+<p>Thus, bundles <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> occur inside a document, but do not appear inside other bundles.
+</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_45"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_45">Example 45</a></div>
+<p>
+The following document contains expressions related to the provenance of entity 
+<span class="name">e2</span>.
+</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
+  default &lt;http://anotherexample.org/&gt;
+  prefix ex &lt;http://example.org/&gt;
+
+  entity(e2, [ prov:type="File", ex:path="/shared/crime.txt", ex:creator="Alice", 
+               ex:content="There was a lot of crime in London last month."])
+  activity(a1, 2011-11-16T16:05:00, -, [prov:type="edit"])
+  wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1, -, [ex:fct="save"])     
+  wasAssociatedWith(a1, ag2, -, [prov:role="author"])
+  agent(ag2, [ prov:type='prov:Person', ex:name="Bob" ])
+
+endDocument
+</pre>
+<p>This container could for instance be returned as the result of a query to a provenance store for the provenance of entity <span class="name">e2</span> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-AQ">PROV-AQ</a></cite>].  
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="extensibility">
+<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">5. </span>Extensibility</h2>
+
+<p>The PROV data model is extensible by means of attributes <span class="name">prov:type</span> and <span class="name">prov:role</span> allowing subtyping of expressions.  For some applications, novel  syntax may also be convenient. Hence, the normative requirements are as follow.</p>
+<ul>
+<li> PROV-N compliant parsers <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be able to parse expressions matching the <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></code> production defined below.
+</li><li> As PROV provides no definition for these expressions, PROV compliant implementations 
+ <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> ignore these expressions.</li>
+<li> Extensions to PROV and PROV-N <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> specify more specific productions and interpretations for these expressions, which applications <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> elect to follow. </li>
+</ul>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-extensibilityExpression" data-name="prod-extensibilityExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">49</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">extensibilityExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span> "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> )* <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-extensibilityArgument" data-name="prod-extensibilityArgument"></a>[<span class="prodNo">50</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">extensibilityArgument</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifierOrMarker">identifierOrMarker</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-literal">literal</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-time">time</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityTuple">extensibilityTuple</a></span> )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-extensibilityTuple" data-name="prod-extensibilityTuple"></a>[<span class="prodNo">51</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">extensibilityTuple</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"{" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> )* "}"<br> | "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> )* ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>Expressions compatible with the
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></code> production follow a general form of functional syntax, in which the predicate <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be a
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">qualifiedName</a></code>
+with a non-empty <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">prefix</a></code>.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_46"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_46">Example 46</a></div>
+<p>
+<a href="#component6">Collections</a> are sets of entities, whose membership can be expressed using the <span class="name">hadMember</span> relation.  The following example shows how one can express membership for <em>dictionaries</em>, an illustrative extension of Collections consisting of sets of key-entity pairs, where a key is a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-literal">literal</a></code>. The notation is a variation of that used for Collections membership, allowing multiple member elements to be declared, and in which the elements are pairs. The name of the relation is qualified with the extension-specific namespace <span class="name">http://example.org/dictionaries</span>.
+</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  prefix dictExt &lt;http://example.org/dictionaries#&gt;
+  dictExt:hadMembers(mId; d, {("k1",e1), ("k2",e2), ("k3",e3)}, []) 
+</pre>
+
+Note that the generic <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></code> production  above allows for alternative notations to be used for expressing membership, if the designers of the extensions so desire. Here is an alternate syntax that is consistent with the productions:
+<pre class="codeexample">  prefix dictExt &lt;http://example.org/dictionaries#&gt;
+  dictExt:hadMembers(mid; d, dictExt:set(dictExt:pair("k1",e1), 
+                                         dictExt:pair("k2",e2), 
+                                         dictExt:pair("k3",e3)), 
+                            [dictExt:uniqueKeys="true"]) 
+</pre>
+
+  
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+<section id="media-type">
+<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">6. </span>Media Type</h2>
+
+<p>
+The media type of PROV-N is <span class="name">text/provenance-notation</span>. The content encoding of PROV-N content is UTF-8.
+</p>
+
+
+ <dl> 
+      <dt>Contact:</dt> 
+      <dd>Ivan Herman</dd> 
+      <dt>See also:</dt> 
+      <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/2002/06/registering-mediatype">How to Register a Media Type for a <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Specification</a></dd> 
+      <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/tag/2002/0129-mime">Internet Media Type registration, consistency of use</a><br>TAG Finding 3 June 2002 (Revised 4 September 2002)</dd> 
+    </dl> 
+    <p>The Internet Media Type / MIME Type for PROV-N is "text/provenance-notation".</p> 
+    <p>It is recommended that PROV-N files have the extension ".provn" (all lowercase) on all platforms.</p> 
+    <p>It is recommended that PROV-N files stored on Macintosh HFS file systems be given a file type of "TEXT".</p> 
+    <p>The information that follows has been <a href="https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Member/w3c-archive/2012Nov/0317.html">submitted to the IESG</a> for review, approval, and registration with IANA.</p> 
+    <dl> 
+      <dt>Type name:</dt> 
+      <dd>text</dd> 
+      <dt>Subtype name:</dt> 
+      <dd>provenance-notation</dd> 
+      <dt>Required parameters:</dt> 
+      <dd><kbd>charset</kbd> — the value of <kbd>charset</kbd> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> always be <kbd>UTF-8</kbd>.</dd> 
+      <dt>Optional parameters:</dt> 
+      <dd>None</dd> 
+
+      <dt>Encoding considerations: 8bit</dt> 
+      <dd>The syntax of PROV-N is expressed over code points in Unicode [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-UNICODE">UNICODE</a></cite>]. The encoding is always UTF-8 [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-UTF-8">UTF-8</a></cite>].</dd> 
+      <dd>Unicode code points may also be expressed using an \uXXXX (U+0 to U+FFFF) or \UXXXXXXXX syntax (for U+10000 onwards) where X is a hexadecimal digit [0-9A-F]</dd> 
+      <dt>Security considerations:</dt> 
+      <dd>PROV-N is a general-purpose language for describing the provenance of things; applications may evaluate given data to infer more descriptions or to dereference URIs, invoking the security considerations of the scheme for that URI. Note in particular, the privacy issues in [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3023">RFC3023</a></cite>] section 10 for HTTP URIs. Data obtained from an inaccurate or malicious data source may lead to inaccurate or misleading conclusions, as well as the dereferencing of unintended URIs. Care must be taken to align the trust in consulted resources with the sensitivity of the intended use of the data.</dd> 
+      <dd>PROV-N is used to express the provenance of arbitrary application data; security considerations will vary by domain of use. Security tools and protocols applicable to text (e.g. PGP encryption, MD5 sum validation, password-protected compression) may also be used on PROV-N documents. Security/privacy protocols must be imposed which reflect the sensitivity of the embedded information.  </dd> 
+      <dd>PROV-N can express data which is presented to the user, for example, by means of label attributes. Application rendering strings retrieved from untrusted PROV-N documents must ensure that malignant strings may not be used to mislead the reader. The security considerations in the media type registration for XML ([<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3023">RFC3023</a></cite>] section 10) provide additional guidance around the expression of arbitrary data and markup.</dd> 
+      <dd>PROV-N is a language for describing the provenance of things, and therefore a PROV-N document is metadata for other resources.  Untrusted PROV-N documents may mislead its consumers by indicating that a third-party resource has a reputable lineage, when it has not. Provenance of PROV-N document should be sought. </dd>
+      <dd>PROV-N uses qualified names mappable to IRIs as term identifiers. Applications interpreting data expressed in PROV-N should address the security issues of
+  <a class="norm" href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt">Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs)</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3987">RFC3987</a></cite>] Section 8, as well as
+  <a class="norm" href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt">Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3986">RFC3986</a></cite>] Section 7.</dd> 
+      <dd>Multiple IRIs may have the same appearance. Characters in different scripts may 
+look similar (a Cyrillic "о" may appear similar to a Latin "o"). A character followed 
+by combining characters may have the same visual representation as another character 
+(LATIN SMALL LETTER E followed by COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT has the same visual representation 
+as LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE).
+<!-- (<code>foo:resum&#40751;code> and <code>f&#1086;&#1086;:resume&#769;</code>)--> 
+Any person or application that is writing or interpreting data in PROV-N must take care to use the IRI that matches the intended semantics, and avoid IRIs that make look similar.
+Further information about matching of similar characters can be found 
+in <a class="inform" href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/">Unicode Security 
+Considerations</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-UNISEC">UNISEC</a></cite>] and
+<a class="norm" href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt">Internationalized Resource 
+Identifiers (IRIs)</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3987">RFC3987</a></cite>] Section 8.
+</dd> 
+      <dd>PROV-N offers an extensibility mechanism, which in turn may introduce additional security considerations. For example, predicates in extensibility expressions use qualified names, mappable to IRIs, and appropriate security considerations for IRIs apply too.</dd>
+ 
+      <dt>Interoperability considerations:</dt> 
+      <dd>There are no known interoperability issues.</dd> 
+      <dt>Published specification:</dt> 
+      <dd>PROV-N: The Provenance Notation, Moreau, Missier, (eds), Cheney, Soiland-Reyes
+      <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-n/">http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-n/</a>, 2012.</dd> 
+      <dt>Applications which use this media type:</dt> 
+      <dd>It may be used by any application for publishing provenance information. This format is designed to be a human-readable form of provenance. </dd> 
+      <dt>Additional information:</dt> 
+      <dt>Magic number(s):</dt> 
+      <dd>PROV-N documents may have the strings 'document' near the beginning of the document.</dd> 
+      <dt>File extension(s):</dt> 
+      <dd>".provn"</dd> 
+      <dt>Base URI:</dt> 
+      <dd>There are no constructs in the PROV-N Syntax to change the Base IRI.</dd> 
+      <dt>Macintosh file type code(s):</dt> 
+      <dd>"TEXT"</dd> 
+      <dt>Person &amp; email address to contact for further information:</dt> 
+      <dd>Ivan Herman, ivan@w3.org</dd> 
+      <dt>Intended usage:</dt> 
+      <dd>COMMON</dd> 
+      <dt>Restrictions on usage:</dt> 
+      <dd>None</dd> 
+      <dt>Author/Change controller:</dt> 
+      <dd>The PROV-N specification is the product of the World Wide Web Consortium's Provenance Working Group. The <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> has change control over this specification.</dd> 
+    </dl> 
+ 
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<section class="appendix informative" id="change-log"> 
+      <!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">A. </span>Change Log</h2><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p> 
+
+<section id="changes-since-proposed-recommendation">
+      <h3><span class="secno">A.1 </span>Changes since Proposed Recommendation</h3><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p> 
+<ul>
+<li> Changed the status of this document section.
+</li><li> Changed all URLs to  PROV documents.
+</li></ul>
+
+</section>
+
+
+<section class="appendix informative" id="changes-since-candidate-recommendation">
+      <h3><span class="secno">A.2 </span>Changes since Candidate Recommendation</h3><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p> 
+
+<ul>
+<li> Checked that all fragments resolved.
+</li><li> Changed the status of this document section: added new documents to the PROV Family of Document, and removed the how to read section, referring instead to PROV-OVERVIEW.
+</li><li> Changed all URLs to  PROV documents.
+</li><li> Clarified a sentence about the (non) nesting of bundles.
+</li><li> Added html link to provenance.
+</li><li> Updated security consideration for extensibility feature of PROV-N following IANA feedback.
+</li></ul>
+</section>
+
+
+<section class="appendix informative" id="changes-since-last-call"> 
+      <h3><span class="secno">A.3 </span>Changes since last call</h3><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p> 
+<p> Please see the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ResponsesToPublicComments">Responses to Public Comments on the Last Call Working Draft</a> for more details about the justification of these changes.</p>
+<ul>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/543">ISSUE-543</a>: Uses key-entity pair terminology for example 43.
+</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/538">ISSUE-538</a>: Rephrasing of text in example 10.
+</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/547">ISSUE-547</a>: Aligned terminology and productions with prov-constraints document, renaming 'toplevel bundle' to 'document', and renaming 'named bundle' to 'bundle'.
+</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/496">ISSUE-496</a>: For each prov-n term, added a cross-reference to corresponding prov-dm term (see table following each production). Rephrased text related to scope of a namespace declaration. Added an informative file with all productions.
+</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/573">ISSUE-573</a>: Updated Media Type section. 
+</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/589">ISSUE-589</a>: Updated scoping rule for prefix-namespace declaration. Also refrained from saying bundles are self-contained. 
+</li><li> Moved feature at Risk mention into a separate note.
+</li><li> Editorial's pass pre-publication.
+</li></ul>
+</section>
+</section>
+
+<section class="appendix informative" id="acknowledgements"> 
+      <!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">B. </span>Acknowledgements</h2><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p> 
+      <p> 
+
+This  document has been produced by the Provenance Working Group, and its contents reflect extensive discussion within the Working Group as a whole. The editors extend special thanks to  Sandro Hawke (<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>/<abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr>) and Ivan Herman (<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>/<abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr>), <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> contacts for the Provenance Working Group.
+      </p> 
+
+<p>
+The editors acknowledge valuable contributions from the following:
+Tom Baker,
+David Booth,
+Robert Freimuth,
+Satrajit Ghosh,
+Ralph Hodgson,
+Renato Iannella,
+Jacek Kopecky,
+James Leigh,
+Jacco van Ossenbruggen,
+Alan Ruttenberg,
+Reza Samavi, and
+Antoine Zimmermann.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Members of the Provenance Working Group at the time of publication of this document were:
+
+Ilkay Altintas (Invited expert),
+Reza B'Far (Oracle Corporation),
+Khalid Belhajjame (University of Manchester),
+James Cheney (University of Edinburgh, School of Informatics),
+Tom De Nies (iMinds - Ghent University),
+David Corsar (University of Aberdeen, Computing Science),
+Stephen Cresswell (The National Archives),
+Tom De Nies (iMinds - Ghent University),
+Helena Deus (DERI Galway at the National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland),
+Simon Dobson (Invited expert),
+Martin Doerr (Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas(FORTH)),
+Kai Eckert (Invited expert),
+Jean-Pierre EVAIN (European Broadcasting Union, EBU-UER),
+James Frew (Invited expert),
+Irini Fundulaki (Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas(FORTH)),
+Daniel Garijo (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid),
+Yolanda Gil (Invited expert),
+Ryan Golden (Oracle Corporation),
+Paul Groth (Vrije Universiteit),
+Olaf Hartig (Invited expert),
+David Hau (National Cancer Institute, NCI),
+Sandro Hawke (<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>/<abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr>),
+Jörn Hees (German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) Gmbh),
+Ivan Herman, (<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>/<abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr>),
+Ralph Hodgson (TopQuadrant),
+Hook Hua (Invited expert),
+Trung Dong Huynh (University of Southampton),
+Graham Klyne (University of Oxford),
+Michael Lang (Revelytix, Inc.),
+Timothy Lebo (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute),
+James McCusker (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute),
+Deborah McGuinness (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute),
+Simon Miles (Invited expert),
+Paolo Missier (School of Computing Science, Newcastle university),
+Luc Moreau (University of Southampton),
+James Myers (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute),
+Vinh Nguyen (Wright State University),
+Edoardo Pignotti (University of Aberdeen, Computing Science),
+Paulo da Silva Pinheiro (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute),
+Carl Reed (Open Geospatial Consortium),
+Adam Retter (Invited Expert),
+Christine Runnegar (Invited expert),
+Satya Sahoo (Invited expert),
+David Schaengold (Revelytix, Inc.),
+Daniel Schutzer (FSTC, Financial Services Technology Consortium),
+Yogesh Simmhan (Invited expert),
+Stian Soiland-Reyes (University of Manchester),
+Eric Stephan (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory),
+Linda Stewart (The National Archives),
+Ed Summers (Library of Congress),
+Maria Theodoridou (Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas(FORTH)),
+Ted Thibodeau (OpenLink Software Inc.),
+Curt Tilmes (National Aeronautics and Space Administration),
+Craig Trim (IBM Corporation),
+Stephan Zednik (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute),
+Jun Zhao (University of Oxford),
+Yuting Zhao (University of Aberdeen, Computing Science).
+</p>
+
+    </section> 
+
+
+ 
+<section id="references" class="appendix"><!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">C. </span>References</h2><section id="normative-references"><h3><span class="secno">C.1 </span>Normative references</h3><dl class="bibliography"><dt id="bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">[PROV-CONSTRAINTS]</dt><dd>James Cheney; Paolo Missier; Luc Moreau; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/"><cite>Constraints of the PROV Data Model</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-DM">[PROV-DM]</dt><dd>Luc Moreau; Paolo Missier; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/"><cite>PROV-DM: The PROV Data Model</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-O">[PROV-O]</dt><dd>Timothy Lebo; Satya Sahoo; Deborah McGuinness; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/"><cite>PROV-O: The PROV Ontology</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDF-SPARQL-QUERY">[RDF-SPARQL-QUERY]</dt><dd>Andy Seaborne; Eric Prud'hommeaux. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115"><cite>SPARQL Query Language for RDF</cite></a>. 15 January 2008. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115">http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RFC2119">[RFC2119]</dt><dd>S. Bradner. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt"><cite>Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels.</cite></a> March 1997. Internet RFC 2119.  URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt</a> 
+</dd><dt id="bib-RFC3023">[RFC3023]</dt><dd>M. Murata; S. St.Laurent; D. Kohn. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt"><cite>XML Media Types (RFC 3023)</cite></a>. January 2001. RFC. URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RFC3986">[RFC3986]</dt><dd>T. Berners-Lee; R. Fielding; L. Masinter. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt"><cite>Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax (RFC 3986)</cite></a>. January 2005. RFC. URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RFC3987">[RFC3987]</dt><dd>M. Dürst; M. Suignard. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt"><cite>Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs) (RFC 3987)</cite></a>. January 2005. RFC. URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-UNICODE">[UNICODE]</dt><dd>The Unicode Consortium.  <a href="http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/versions/enumeratedversions.html"><cite>The Unicode Standard.</cite></a>  Defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 6.2.0, (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2012. ISBN 978-1-936213-07-8) , as updated from time to time by the publication of new versions URL: <a href="http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/versions/enumeratedversions.html">http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/versions/enumeratedversions.html</a> 
+</dd><dt id="bib-UTF-8">[UTF-8]</dt><dd>F. Yergeau. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt"><cite>UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646</cite></a>. IETF RFC 3629. November 2003. URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-XML-NAMES">[XML-NAMES]</dt><dd>Richard Tobin et al. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/"><cite>Namespaces in XML 1.0 (Third Edition)</cite></a>. 8 December 2009. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-XML11">[XML11]</dt><dd>Eve Maler et al. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816"><cite>Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1 (Second Edition)</cite></a>. 16 August 2006. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-XMLSCHEMA11-2">[XMLSCHEMA11-2]</dt><dd>Henry S. Thompson et al. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/"><cite>W3C XML Schema Definition Language (XSD) 1.1 Part 2: Datatypes</cite></a>. 5 April 2012. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/</a>
+</dd></dl></section><section id="informative-references"><h3><span class="secno">C.2 </span>Informative references</h3><dl class="bibliography"><dt id="bib-PROV-AQ">[PROV-AQ]</dt><dd>Graham Klyne; Paul Groth; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/"><cite>Provenance Access and Query</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-DC">[PROV-DC]</dt><dd>Daniel Garijo; Kai Eckert; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/"><cite>Dublin Core to PROV Mapping</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-DICTIONARY">[PROV-DICTIONARY]</dt><dd>Tom De Nies; Sam Coppens; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/"><cite>PROV Dictionary</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-LINKS">[PROV-LINKS]</dt><dd>Luc Moreau; Timothy Lebo; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/"><cite>Linking Across Provenance Bundles</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-OVERVIEW">[PROV-OVERVIEW]</dt><dd>Paul Groth; Luc Moreau; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/"><cite>PROV-OVERVIEW: An Overview of the PROV Family of Documents</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-PRIMER">[PROV-PRIMER]</dt><dd>Yolanda Gil; Simon Miles; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/"><cite>PROV Model Primer</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-RDF">[PROV-RDF]</dt><dd>James Cheney <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ProvRDF"><cite>PROV-RDF Mapping </cite></a>2012, Working in Progress. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ProvRDF">http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ProvRDF</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-SEM">[PROV-SEM]</dt><dd>James Cheney; ed. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430"><cite>Semantics of the PROV Data Model</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430</a>.
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-XML">[PROV-XML]</dt><dd>Hook Hua; Curt Tilmes; Stephan Zednik; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/"><cite>PROV-XML: The PROV XML Schema</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-UNISEC">[UNISEC]</dt><dd> Mark Davis; Michel Suignard. <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/"><cite>Unicode Security Considerations<cite></cite></cite></a>.  4 August 2010. URL: <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/</a>
+</dd></dl></section></section></body></html>

--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/model/releases/REC-prov-n-20130430/diff-n.html	Mon Apr 08 22:46:17 2013 +0100
@@ -0,0 +1,3155 @@
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+    background: #F0F0F0;
+}
+
+.remark::before {
+    content:    "Remark";
+    display:    block;
+    width:  150px;
+    margin: -1.5em 0 0.5em 0;
+    font-weight:    bold;
+    border: 1px solid #000;
+    background: #fff;
+    padding:    3px 1em;
+}
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+table.thinborder {
+	border-width: 1px;
+	border-spacing: 0px;
+	border-style: none;
+	border-color: gray;
+	border-collapse: collapse;
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+	border-width: 1px;
+	padding: 0px;
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+table.thinborder td {
+	border-width: 1px;
+	padding: 2px;
+	border-style: solid;
+	border-color: gray;
+}
+
+
+</style>
+  <style>/*****************************************************************
+ * ReSpec 3 CSS
+ * Robin Berjon - http://berjon.com/
+ *****************************************************************/
+
+/* --- INLINES --- */
+em.rfc2119 { 
+    text-transform:     lowercase;
+    font-variant:       small-caps;
+    font-style:         normal;
+    color:              #900;
+}
+
+h1 acronym, h2 acronym, h3 acronym, h4 acronym, h5 acronym, h6 acronym, a acronym,
+h1 abbr, h2 abbr, h3 abbr, h4 abbr, h5 abbr, h6 abbr, a abbr {
+    border: none;
+}
+
+dfn {
+    font-weight:    bold;
+}
+
+a.internalDFN {
+    color:  inherit;
+    border-bottom:  1px solid #99c;
+    text-decoration:    none;
+}
+
+a.externalDFN {
+    color:  inherit;
+    border-bottom:  1px dotted #ccc;
+    text-decoration:    none;
+}
+
+a.bibref {
+    text-decoration:    none;
+}
+
+cite .bibref {
+    font-style: normal;
+}
+
+code {
+    color:  #ff4500;
+}
+
+
+/* --- --- */
+ol.algorithm { counter-reset:numsection; list-style-type: none; }
+ol.algorithm li { margin: 0.5em 0; }
+ol.algorithm li:before { font-weight: bold; counter-increment: numsection; content: counters(numsection, ".") ") "; }
+
+/* --- TOC --- */
+.toc a, .tof a {
+    text-decoration:    none;
+}
+
+a .secno, a .figno {
+    color:  #000;
+}
+
+ul.tof, ol.tof {
+    list-style: none outside none;
+}
+
+.caption {
+    margin-top: 0.5em;
+    font-style:   italic;
+}
+
+/* --- TABLE --- */
+table.simple {
+    border-spacing: 0;
+    border-collapse:    collapse;
+    border-bottom:  3px solid #005a9c;
+}
+
+.simple th {
+    background: #005a9c;
+    color:  #fff;
+    padding:    3px 5px;
+    text-align: left;
+}
+
+.simple th[scope="row"] {
+    background: inherit;
+    color:  inherit;
+    border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
+}
+
+.simple td {
+    padding:    3px 10px;
+    border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
+}
+
+.simple tr:nth-child(even) {
+    background: #f0f6ff;
+}
+
+/* --- DL --- */
+.section dd > p:first-child {
+    margin-top: 0;
+}
+
+.section dd > p:last-child {
+    margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.section dd {
+    margin-bottom:  1em;
+}
+
+.section dl.attrs dd, .section dl.eldef dd {
+    margin-bottom:  0;
+}
+</style><link rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-REC"></head> 
+
+  <body><div class="head">
+  <p>
+    
+      <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img width="72" height="48" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" alt="W3C"></a>
+    
+  </p>
+  <h1 class="title" id="title">PROV-N: The Provenance Notation</h1>
+  
+  <h2 id="w3c-recommendation-30-april-2013"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> <span class="delete">Proposed </span>Recommendation <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013</h2>
+  <dl>
+    
+      <dt>This version:</dt>
+      <dd><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-n-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/</span></a></dd>
+      <dt>Latest published version:</dt>
+      <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-n/">http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-n/</a></dd>
+    
+    
+    
+    
+      <dt>Implementation report:</dt>
+      <dd><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-implementations-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-implementations-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-implementations-20130430/</span></a></dd>
+    
+    
+    
+      <dt>Previous version:</dt>
+      <dd><span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-prov-n-20121211/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-n-20130312/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-n-20130312/</span></a> <a href="diff-n.html">(color-coded diff)</a></dd>
+    
+    
+    <dt>Editors:</dt>
+    <dd><a href="http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~lavm/">Luc Moreau</a>, University of Southampton</dd>
+<dd><a href="http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/Paolo.Missier">Paolo Missier</a>, Newcastle University</dd>
+
+    
+      <dt>Contributors:</dt>
+      <dd><a href="http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/jcheney/">James Cheney</a>, University of Edinburgh</dd>
+<dd><a href="http://soiland-reyes.com/stian/">Stian Soiland-Reyes</a>, University of Manchester</dd>
+
+    
+  </dl>
+  
+  
+  
+  
+    
+      
+  
+    <p><span class="insert">
+      Please refer to the </span><a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/errata.html"><span class="insert">errata</span></a><span class="insert"> for this document, which may include some normative corrections.
+    </span></p>
+  
+  
+  
+    <p><span class="insert">
+      The English version of this specification is the only normative version. Non-normative 
+      </span><a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Translation/"><span class="insert">translations</span></a><span class="insert"> may also be available.
+    </span></p>
+  
+  
+    
+      <p class="copyright">
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a> © 
+        2012-2013
+        
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr></a><sup>®</sup> 
+        (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr></a>,
+        <a href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr></a>,
+        <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>, <a href="http://ev.buaa.edu.cn/">Beihang</a>), All Rights Reserved.
+        <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a> and
+        <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document use</a> rules apply.
+      </p>
+    
+  
+  <hr>
+</div> 
+    <section id="abstract" class="introductory"><h2>Abstract</h2>
+
+<p>
+Provenance is information about entities, activities, and people
+involved in producing a piece of data or thing, which can be used
+ to form assessments about its quality, reliability or trustworthiness.
+PROV-DM is the conceptual data model that forms a basis for the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>
+provenance (PROV) family of specifications.
+PROV-DM distinguishes core structures, forming the essence of provenance information, from
+extended structures catering for more specific uses of provenance. 
+PROV-DM is organized in six components, respectively dealing with: 
+(1) entities and activities, and the time at which they were created, used, or ended;
+(2) derivations of entities from entities;
+(3) agents bearing responsibility for entities that were generated and activities that happened;
+(4) a notion of bundle, a mechanism to support provenance of provenance; and,
+(5) properties to link entities that refer to the same thing;
+(6) collections forming a logical structure for its members.
+</p>
+<p>To provide examples of the PROV data model, the PROV notation (PROV-N) is introduced: aimed at human consumption, PROV-N allows serializations of PROV
+instances to be created in a compact manner. PROV-N facilitates the
+mapping of the PROV data model to concrete syntax, and is used as the basis for a
+formal semantics of PROV.  The purpose of this document is to define the PROV-N notation.
+</p>
+
+<p>The <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/">PROV Document Overview</a> describes the overall state of PROV, and should be read before other PROV documents.</p>
+    </section><section id="sotd" class="introductory"><h2>Status of This Document</h2>
+  
+    
+      
+        <p>
+          <em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other
+          documents may supersede this document. A list of current <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> publications and the latest revision
+          of this technical report can be found in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> technical reports
+          index</a> at http://www.w3.org/TR/.</em>
+        </p>
+        
+<h4 id="prov-family-of-documents">PROV Family of Documents</h4>
+This document is part of the PROV family of documents, a set of documents defining various aspects that are necessary to achieve the vision of inter-operable
+interchange of provenance information in heterogeneous environments such as the Web.  These documents are listed below. Please consult the [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-OVERVIEW">PROV-OVERVIEW</a></cite>] for a guide to reading these documents. 
+<ul>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/">PROV-OVERVIEW</a> <span class="delete">(To be published as Note),</span><span class="insert">(Note),</span> an overview of the PROV family of documents [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-OVERVIEW">PROV-OVERVIEW</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/">PROV-PRIMER</a> <span class="delete">(To be published as Note),</span><span class="insert">(Note),</span> a primer for the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-PRIMER">PROV-PRIMER</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/">PROV-O</a> <span class="delete">(Proposed Recommendation),</span><span class="insert">(Recommendation),</span> the PROV ontology, an OWL2 ontology allowing the mapping of <span class="insert">the </span>PROV<span class="insert"> data model</span> to RDF [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-O">PROV-O</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/">PROV-DM</a> <span class="delete">(Proposed Recommendation),</span><span class="insert">(Recommendation),</span> the PROV data model for provenance [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/">PROV-N</a> <span class="delete">(Proposed Recommendation),</span><span class="insert">(Recommendation),</span> a notation for provenance aimed at human consumption (this document);</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a> <span class="delete">(Proposed Recommendation),</span><span class="insert">(Recommendation),</span> a set of constraints applying to the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/">PROV-XML</a> <span class="delete">(To be published as Note),</span><span class="insert">(Note),</span>  an XML schema for the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-XML">PROV-XML</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/">PROV-AQ</a> <span class="delete">(To be published as Note), the</span><span class="insert">(Note),</span> mechanisms for accessing and querying provenance [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-AQ">PROV-AQ</a></cite>]; </li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/">PROV-DICTIONARY</a> <span class="delete">(To be published as Note)</span><span class="insert">(Note)</span> introduces a specific type of collection, consisting of key-entity pairs [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DICTIONARY">PROV-DICTIONARY</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/">PROV-DC</a> <span class="delete">(To be published as Note)</span><span class="insert">(Note)</span> provides a mapping between <span class="delete">PROV</span><span class="insert">PROV-O</span> and Dublic Core Terms [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DC">PROV-DC</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430/">PROV-SEM</a> <span class="delete">(To be published as Note),</span><span class="insert">(Note),</span> a declarative specification in terms of first-order logic of the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-SEM">PROV-SEM</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/">PROV-LINKS</a> <span class="delete">(To be published as Note)</span><span class="insert">(Note)</span> introduces a mechanism to link across bundles [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-LINKS">PROV-LINKS</a></cite>].</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4 id="endorsed-by-w3c"><span class="insert">Endorsed By </span><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr><span class="delete"> Members Please Review By 09 April 2013</span></h4>
+
+<p><span class="delete">The</span><span class="insert">This document has been reviewed by</span> <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> <span class="delete">Director seeks review</span><span class="insert">Members, by software developers,</span> and <span class="delete">feedback from</span><span class="insert">by other</span> <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> <span class="delete">Advisory Committee representatives</span><span class="insert">groups and interested parties, and is endorsed</span> by <span class="delete">09 April 2013. This will allow </span>the Director<span class="delete"> to assess consensus and determine whether to issue this document</span> as a <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Recommendation.<span class="insert"> It is a stable document and may be used as reference material or cited from another document. </span><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium"><span class="insert">W3C</span></abbr><span class="insert">'s role in making the Recommendation is to draw attention to the specification and to promote its widespread deployment. This enhances the functionality and interoperability of the Web.</span></p>
+
+<h4 id="please-send-comments"><span class="insert">Please Send Comments</span></h4>
+
+        <p><span class="delete">Others are encouraged</span><span class="insert">
+          This document was published</span> by the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/">Provenance Working Group</a><span class="insert"> as a Recommendation.
+          
+          
+          If you wish</span> to <span class="delete">continue</span><span class="insert">make comments regarding this document, please send them</span> to<span class="delete"> send reports of implementation experience, and other feedback, to
+</span> 
+          <a href="mailto:public-prov-comments@w3.org">public-prov-comments@w3.org</a> 
+          (<a href="mailto:public-prov-comments-request@w3.org?subject=subscribe">subscribe</a>,
+          <a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-prov-comments/">archives</a>).<span class="delete"> Open discussion among developers is also welcome at
+</span><span class="delete">public-prov-comments@w3.org</span><span class="delete"> 
+          (</span><span class="delete">subscribe</span><span class="delete">,
+          </span><span class="delete">archives</span><span class="delete">).</span><span class="insert">
+          
+          
+          
+          
+        All comments are welcome.
+        
+        
+        
+        </span></p>
+
+        <span class="delete">
+          This document was published by the </span><span class="delete">Provenance Working Group</span><span class="delete"> as a Proposed Recommendation.
+          
+            This document is intended to become a </span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete"> Recommendation.
+          
+          
+          
+          
+          
+          
+          The </span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete"> Membership and other interested parties are invited
+          to review the document and send comments to
+
+          </span><span class="delete">public-prov-comments@w3.org</span><span class="delete"> 
+          (</span><span class="delete">subscribe</span><span class="delete">,
+          </span><span class="delete">archives</span><span class="delete">)
+          through 09 April 2013.
+          Advisory Committee Representatives should consult their
+          </span><span class="delete">WBS questionnaires</span><span class="delete">. 
+          Note that substantive technical comments were expected during the Last Call review period that ended 18 September 2012.
+        </span>
+        
+        
+        
+          <span class="delete">
+            Publication as a Proposed Recommendation does not imply endorsement by the </span><span class="delete">W3C</span><span class="delete"> Membership.
+            This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other documents at 
+            any time. It is inappropriate to cite this document as other than work in progress.
+          </span>
+        
+        
+        <p>
+          
+            This document was produced by a group operating under the 
+            <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February 2004 <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Patent Policy</a>.
+          
+          
+          
+            
+              <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> maintains a <a href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/46974/status" rel="disclosure">public list of any patent disclosures</a> 
+            
+            made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for 
+            disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains
+            <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential Claim(s)</a> must disclose the
+            information in accordance with <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section
+            6 of the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Patent Policy</a>.
+          
+          
+        </p>
+        
+      
+    
+  
+</section><section id="toc"><h2 class="introductory">Table of Contents</h2><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#introduction" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#purpose" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.1 </span>Purpose of this Document and Target Audience</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#compliance-with-this-document" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.2 </span>Compliance with this Document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#structure-of-this-document" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.3 </span>Structure of this Document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#notational-conventions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.4 </span>Notational Conventions</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#general-conventions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2. </span>General grammar considerations</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#functional-syntax" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.1 </span>Functional-style Syntax</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#grammar-notation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.2 </span>EBNF Grammar</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#main-productions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.3 </span>Main Productions</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#prov-n-optionals" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.4 </span>Optional terms in expressions</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#prov-n-standard-terms" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.5 </span>Identifiers and attributes</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#comments" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.6 </span>Comments</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#prov-n-expressions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3. </span>PROV-N Productions per Component</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#component1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1 </span>Component 1: Entities and Activities</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Entity" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.1 </span>Entity</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Activity" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.2 </span>Activity</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Generation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.3 </span>Generation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Usage" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.4 </span>Usage</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-wasInformedBy" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.5 </span>Communication</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Start" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.6 </span>Start</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-End" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.7 </span>End</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Invalidation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.8 </span>Invalidation</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component2" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2 </span>Component 2: Derivations</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#Derivation-Relation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.1 </span>Derivation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Revision" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.2 </span>Revision</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-quotation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.3 </span>Quotation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-primary-source" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.4 </span>Primary Source</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component3" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3 </span>Component 3: Agents, Responsibility, and Influence</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Agent" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.1 </span>Agent</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-attribution" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.2 </span>Attribution</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Association" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.3 </span>Association</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-delegation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.4 </span>Delegation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-influence" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.5 </span>Influence</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component4" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.4 </span>Component 4: Bundles</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-bundle-constructor" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.4.1 </span>Bundle Constructor</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-bundle-type" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.4.2 </span>Bundle Type</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component5" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.5 </span>Component 5: Alternate Entities</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-alternate" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.5.1 </span>Alternate</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-specialization" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.5.2 </span>Specialization</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component6" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.6 </span>Component 6: Collections</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-collection" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.6.1 </span>Collection</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-collection-membership" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.6.2 </span>Membership</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#subexpressions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7 </span>Further Expressions</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-identifier" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.1 </span>Identifier</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-attribute" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.2 </span>Attribute</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-literal" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.3 </span>Literal</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-types" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.3.1 </span>Reserved Type Values</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Time" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.3.2 </span>Time Values</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-NamespaceDeclaration" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.4 </span>Namespace Declaration</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#semantic-rules-summary" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.5 </span>Summary of additional semantic rules</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#document" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4. </span>Document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#extensibility" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5. </span>Extensibility</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#media-type" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">6. </span>Media Type</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#change-log" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A. </span>Change Log</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#changes-since-proposed-recommendation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno"><span class="insert">A.1 </span></span><span class="insert">Changes since Proposed Recommendation</span></a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#changes-since-candidate-recommendation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno"><span class="delete">A.1</span><span class="insert">A.2</span> </span>Changes since Candidate Recommendation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#changes-since-last-call" class="tocxref"><span class="secno"><span class="delete">A.2</span><span class="insert">A.3</span> </span>Changes since last call</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#acknowledgements" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B. </span>Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">C. </span>References</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#normative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">C.1 </span>Normative references</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#informative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">C.2 </span>Informative references</a></li></ul></li></ul></section> 
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="introduction"> 
+<h2><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</h2>
+
+<p> Provenance is a record that describes the people,
+institutions, entities, and activities, involved in producing,
+influencing, or delivering a piece of data or a thing in the world.  Two
+companion specifications respectively define PROV-DM, a data model for
+provenance, allowing provenance descriptions to be expressed  [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>]  and a set of constraints that provenance descriptions are expected to satisfy   [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>].
+</p>
+
+<section id="purpose"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">1.1 </span>Purpose of this Document and Target Audience</h3>
+
+A key goal of PROV is the specification of a machine-processable data model for provenance. However, communicating provenance between humans is also important when teaching, illustrating, formalizing, and discussing provenance-related issues. 
+
+
+
+With these two requirements in mind, this document introduces PROV-N, the PROV notation, a syntax designed to  write instances of the PROV data model according to the following design principles:
+<ul>
+<li>Technology independence. PROV-N provides a simple syntax that can be mapped to several technologies.
+
+</li><li>Human readability. PROV-N follows a functional syntax style that is meant to be easily human-readable so it can be used in illustrative examples, such as those presented in the PROV documents suite
+
+</li><li>Formality. PROV-N is defined through a formal grammar amenable to be used with parser generators.
+
+ </li></ul>
+  
+PROV-N has several known uses:
+<ul>
+<li> It is the notation used in the examples found in  [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>], as well as in the definition of PROV constraints [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>]; </li>
+<li>  It is a source language for the encoding of PROV data model instances into a variety of target languages, including amongst others  RDF [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-RDF">PROV-RDF</a></cite>] and XML [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-XML">PROV-XML</a></cite>]; </li>
+<li> It provides the basis for a formal semantics of the PROV data model  [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-SEM">PROV-SEM</a></cite>], in which an interpretation is given to each element of the PROV-N language.
+</li></ul>
+
+<p>This document introduces the PROV-N grammar along with examples of its usage.</p>
+<p>Its target audience is twofold:
+</p><ul>
+<li>Developers of provenance management applications, as well as implementors of new PROV data model encodings, and thus in particular of PROV-N parsers. These readers may be interested in the entire structure of the grammar, starting from the top level nonterminal 
+<code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-document">document</a></code>.</li>
+<li>Readers of the  [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>] and of  [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>] documents, who are interested in the details of the formal language underpinning the notation used in the examples and in the definition of the constraints. Those readers may find the  <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code> nonterminal a useful entry point into the grammar.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="compliance-with-this-document"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">1.2 </span>Compliance with this Document</h3>
+
+
+<p>For the purpose of compliance, all sections of this document are normative, except 
+<a href="#change-log">Appendix A</a>, 
+<a href="#acknowledgements">Appendix B</a>,  and
+<a href="#informative-references">Appendix C.2</a>.
+</p><ul>
+<li> Information in tables is normative. </li>
+<li> Text in boxes labeled "Example" is informative.
+</li><li> Productions (displayed in boxes) are normative, as opposed to the separate <a href="grammar.txt">file</a> grouping  all productions for convenience of programmers, which is informative.
+</li></ul>
+</section>
+
+
+    <section id="structure-of-this-document"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">1.3 </span>Structure of this Document</h3>
+
+<p>This document is structured as follows.
+
+</p><p><a href="#general-conventions">Section 2</a> provides general consideration about the PROV-N grammar.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#prov-n-expressions">Section 3</a> presents the grammar of all expressions of the language grouped according to the PROV data model components.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#document">Section 4</a> defines the grammar of document, a house-keeping construct of PROV-N capable of packaging up PROV-N expressions and namespace declarations.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#extensibility">Section 5</a> defines the extensibility mechanism for the PROV-N notation.</p>
+
+<p><a href="#media-type">Section 6</a> defines media type for the PROV-N notation.</p>
+
+
+    </section> 
+
+
+<section id="notational-conventions">
+ <h3><span class="secno">1.4 </span>Notational Conventions</h3>
+
+
+<p>The key words "<em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="MUST NOT">MUST NOT</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="REQUIRED">REQUIRED</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="SHALL">SHALL</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="SHALL
+      NOT">SHALL
+      NOT</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="SHOULD">SHOULD</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="SHOULD NOT">SHOULD NOT</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="RECOMMENDED">RECOMMENDED</em>",  "<em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em>", and
+      "<em class="rfc2119" title="OPTIONAL">OPTIONAL</em>" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
+      [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC2119">RFC2119</a></cite>].</p>
+
+
+
+
+<p>
+The following namespaces prefixes are used throughout this document.
+
+</p><div style="text-align: left;">
+<table border="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<caption id="namespace-table">Table 1: Prefix and Namespaces used in this specification</caption>
+<tbody><tr><td><b>prefix</b></td><td><b>namespace uri</b></td> <td><b>definition</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td>prov</td><td>http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#</td><td>The PROV namespace (see Section <a href="#expression-NamespaceDeclaration">3.7.4</a>)</td></tr>
+<tr><td>xsd</td><td>http://www.w3.org/2000/10/XMLSchema#</td><td>XML Schema Namespace [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-XMLSCHEMA11-2">XMLSCHEMA11-2</a></cite>]</td></tr>
+<tr><td>(others)</td><td>(various)</td><td>All other namespace prefixes are used in examples only. <br> In particular, URIs starting with "http://example.com" represent<br> some application-dependent URI [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3986">RFC3986</a></cite>]</td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+</section> 
+
+</section> 
+
+<section id="general-conventions">
+<h2><span class="secno">2. </span>General grammar considerations</h2>
+
+<p>For convenience, all productions presented in this document have been grouped in a
+separate <a href="grammar.txt">file</a>.</p>
+
+<section id="functional-syntax"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">2.1 </span>Functional-style Syntax</h3>
+
+<p> PROV-N adopts a functional-style syntax consisting of a predicate name and an ordered list of terms.</p>
+
+<p>
+All PROV data model types have an identifier. Furthermore, some expressions also admit additional elements that further characterize it. </p>
+<div class="anexample" id="example_1"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_1">Example 1</a></div>
+<p>The following expression should be read as "entity <span class="name">e1</span>". 
+</p><pre class="codeexample">entity(e1)
+</pre>
+  </div>
+<div class="anexample" id="example_2"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_2">Example 2</a></div>
+<p>The following expression should be read as "activity <span class="name">a2</span>, which occurred
+between <code>2011-11-16T16:00:00</code> and <code>2011-11-16T16:00:01</code>". 
+</p><pre class="codeexample">entity(e1)
+activity(a2, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, 2011-11-16T16:00:01)
+</pre>
+  </div>
+
+<p>
+All PROV data model relations involve two primary elements, the <em>subject</em> and the <em>object</em>, in this order. Furthermore, some expressions also admit additional elements that further characterize it.
+</p><div class="anexample" id="example_3"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_3">Example 3</a></div>
+<p>The following expression should be read as "<span class="name">e2</span> was derived from <span class="name">e1</span>". Here <span class="name">e2</span> is the subject, and  <span class="name">e1</span> is the object.
+</p><pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
+</pre>
+  </div>
+  
+<div class="anexample" id="example_4"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_4">Example 4</a></div>
+<p>The following expression expands the above derivation relation by providing
+additional elements the optional activity <span class="name">a</span>, the generation <span class="name">g2</span>, and the usage <span class="name">u1</span>:
+</p><pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="grammar-notation">
+<h3><span class="secno">2.2 </span>EBNF Grammar</h3>
+
+<p>The grammar is specified using a subset of the Extended Backus-Naur
+Form (EBNF) notation, as defined in Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1
+[<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-XML11">XML11</a></cite>] section <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816/#sec-notation">6
+Notation</a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The text below provides an introduction to the EBNF notation used in
+this document.</p>
+
+
+<p>
+  EBNF specifies a series of production rules (<dfn id="dfn-production">production</dfn>). 
+A production rule in the grammar defines a symbol 
+ <code class="grammarRef">expr</code>  (<dfn id="dfn-nonterminal-symbol">nonterminal symbol</dfn>)
+  using the following form:</p>
+
+
+<div class="grammar">
+ <code class="grammarRef">expr</code> &nbsp;::= <em>term</em>
+</div>
+<p>Symbols are written with an initial capital letter if they are the start symbol of a regular language, otherwise with an initial lowercase letter. 
+A production rule in the grammar defines a symbol 
+ <code class="grammarRef">&lt;TERMINAL&gt;</code>  (<dfn id="dfn-terminal-symbol">terminal symbol</dfn>)
+  using the following form:</p>
+<div class="grammar">
+ <code class="grammarRef">&lt;TERMINAL&gt;</code> &nbsp;::= <em>term</em>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+<p>Within the term on the right-hand side of a rule, the following
+<em>term</em>s are used to match strings of one or more characters:
+</p><ul>
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">expr</code>: matches production for nonterminal symbol <code class="grammarRef">expr</code>
+</li>
+
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">TERMINAL</code>: matches production for terminal symbol <code class="grammarRef">TERMINAL</code>
+</li>
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">"abc"</code>: matches the literal string inside the single quotes.
+</li>
+
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">(term)?</code>: optional, matches <em>term</em> or nothing.
+</li>
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">(term)+</code>: matches one or more occurrences of <em>term</em>.
+</li>
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">(term)*</code>: matches zero or more occurrences of <em>term</em>.
+</li>
+
+<li> 
+ <code class="grammarRef">(term | term)</code>: matches one of the two <em>terms</em>.
+</li>
+
+</ul>
+
+
+<p>Where suitable, the PROV-N grammar reuses production and terminal names of the SPARQL grammar [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF-SPARQL-QUERY">RDF-SPARQL-QUERY</a></cite>].</p>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="main-productions">
+<h3><span class="secno">2.3 </span>Main Productions</h3>
+
+<p>Two productions are entry points to the grammar.</p>
+
+<p>The production <code class="grammarRef"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code>
+provides the structure for the <em>core expressions</em> of PROV-N. 
+
+
+
+
+</p><table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-expression" data-name="prod-expression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">2</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">expression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-activityExpression">activityExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-generationExpression">generationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-usageExpression">usageExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-startExpression">startExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-endExpression">endExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-invalidationExpression">invalidationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-communicationExpression">communicationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agentExpression">agentExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-associationExpression">associationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attributionExpression">attributionExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-delegationExpression">delegationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-derivationExpression">derivationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-influenceExpression">influenceExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-alternateExpression">alternateExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-specializationExpression">specializationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-membershipExpression">membershipExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></span> )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>Each of the symbols included in <code>expression</code> above, i.e., <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></code>,  <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-activityExpression">activityExpression</a></code> etc., corresponds to one concept (e.g., Entity, Activity, etc.) of the PROV data model.</p>
+
+
+<p>Alternatively,  the production rule <code><a href="#prod-document"><span class="grammarRef">document</span></a></code>
+provides the overall structure of PROV-N descriptions.  It is a wrapper  for
+ a set of expressions, such that the text for an element matches the corresponding <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code> production,  and some namespace declarations.</p>
+
+</section>
+
+
+<section id="prov-n-optionals"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">2.4 </span>Optional terms in expressions</h3>
+
+Some terms in an expression may be optional. For example:
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_5"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_5">Example 5</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
+</pre>
+In a derivation expression, the activity, generation, and usage are optional terms. They are specified in the first derivation, but not in the second.
+</div>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_6"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_6">Example 6</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">activity(a2, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, 2011-11-16T16:00:01)
+activity(a1)
+</pre>
+The start and end times for an activity are optional. They are specified in the first expression, but not in the second.
+</div>
+
+<p>The general rule for optionals is that, if <em>none</em> of the optionals are used in the expression, then they are simply omitted, resulting in a simpler expression as in the examples above.</p>
+However, it may be the case that only some of the optional terms are omitted. Because the position of the terms in the expression matters, an additional marker must be used to indicate that a particular term is not available. The symbol  <span class="name">'-'</span> is used for this purpose.
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_7"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_7">Example 7</a></div>
+<p>In the first expression below, all optionals are specified. However in the second and third, only one optional is specified, forcing the use of the marker for the missing terms. 
+
+</p><pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, -, -, u1)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, -, -)
+</pre>
+</div>
+Note that the more succinct form is just shorthand for a complete expression with all the markers specified:
+<div class="anexample" id="example_8"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_8">Example 8</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">activity(a1)
+activity(a1, -, -)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="prov-n-standard-terms"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">2.5 </span>Identifiers and attributes</h3>
+
+<p>Almost all expressions defined in the grammar include an identifier (see <a href="#expression-identifier">Section 3.7.1</a> for the full syntax of identifiers). Most expressions
+can also include a set of attribute-value pairs, delimited by square brackets. Identifiers are optional except for Entities, Activites, and Agents. Identifiers are always the first term in any expression.  <em>Optional</em> identifiers <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be separated using a semi-colon ';', but where the identifiers are required, a regular comma ',' <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be used. This makes it possible to completely omit an optional identifier with no ambiguity arising. Also, if the set of attribute-value pairs is present, it is always the last term in any expression.</p>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_9"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_9">Example 9</a></div>
+<p>Derivation has an optional identifier. In the first expression, the identifier is not available, while it is explicit in the second. The third example shows that one can optionally indicate the missing identifier using the <span class="name">-</span> marker. This is equivalent to the first expression. </p>
+<pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
+wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1)
+wasDerivedFrom(-; e2, e1)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+Lack of attributes can be equivalently expressed by omitting the list, or by using an empty list.
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_10"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_10">Example 10</a></div>
+<p>The first and second activity expressions do not specify any attributes, and are equivalent.
+
+The third activity expression specifies two attributes. 
+</p><pre class="codeexample">activity(ex:a1)
+activity(ex:a1, [])
+activity(ex:a1, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="comments">
+<h3><span class="secno">2.6 </span>Comments</h3>
+
+
+Comments in PROV-N take two forms:
+<ul>
+<li> '//'  outside an <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></code> or <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></code>; such comments continue to the end of line (marked by characters U+000D or U+000A) or end of file if there is no end of line after the comment marker. 
+
+</li><li> '/*' ... '*/', outside an <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></code> or <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></code>.
+</li></ul>
+<p>Comments are treated as white space.</p>
+
+</section>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="prov-n-expressions"> 
+<h2><span class="secno">3. </span>PROV-N Productions per Component</h2>
+
+<p>This section  introduces grammar productions for each expression, followed by small examples of expressions illustrating the grammar. Strings conforming to the grammar are valid expressions in the PROV-N language.</p>
+
+<section id="component1"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.1 </span>Component 1: Entities and Activities</h3>
+
+<section id="expression-Entity"> 
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.1 </span>Entity</h4>
+
+
+<p>
+
+</p><table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-entityExpression" data-name="prod-entityExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">3</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">entityExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"entity" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs" data-name="prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs"></a>[<span class="prodNo">4</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">optionalAttributeValuePairs</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( "," "[" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attributeValuePairs">attributeValuePairs</a></span> "]" )?</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-attributeValuePairs" data-name="prod-attributeValuePairs"></a>[<span class="prodNo">5</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">attributeValuePairs</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">(  | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attributeValuePair">attributeValuePair</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attributeValuePair">attributeValuePair</a></span> )* )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-attributeValuePair" data-name="prod-attributeValuePair"></a>[<span class="prodNo">6</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">attributeValuePair</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attribute">attribute</a></span> "=" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-literal">literal</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Entity maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-entity">Entity</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#entity.id"><span class="attribute" id="entity.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#entity.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="entity.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_11"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_11">Example 11</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">entity(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, [ prov:type="document" ])
+</pre>
+  Here <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is the entity identifier, and <span class="name">[ prov:type="document" ]</span> groups the optional attributes, only one in this example,  with their values.
+  <pre class="codeexample">
+entity(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215)
+</pre>
+Here, the optional attributes are absent.
+</div>
+
+
+
+</section> 
+<section id="expression-Activity"> 
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.2 </span>Activity</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-activityExpression" data-name="prod-activityExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">7</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">activityExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"activity" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-timeOrMarker" data-name="prod-timeOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">8</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">timeOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-time">time</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Activity maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-activity">Activity</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.id"><span class="attribute" id="activity.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.startTime"><span class="attribute" id="activity.startTime">startTime</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.endTime"><span class="attribute" id="activity.endTime">endTime</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="activity.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_12"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_12">Example 12</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">activity(ex:a10, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, 2011-11-16T16:00:01, [prov:type="createFile"])
+</pre>
+<p>Here <span class="name">ex:a10</span> is the  activity identifier, <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> and <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:01</span> are the optional start and end times for the activity, and <span class="name">[prov:type="createFile"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+<pre class="codeexample">activity(ex:a10)
+activity(ex:a10, -, -)
+activity(ex:a10, -, -, [prov:type="edit"])
+activity(ex:a10, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+activity(ex:a10, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, -)
+activity(ex:a10, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, -, [prov:type="createFile"])
+activity(ex:a10, [prov:type="edit"])
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+<section id="expression-Generation">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.3 </span>Generation</h4>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-generationExpression" data-name="prod-generationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">9</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">generationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasGeneratedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-optionalIdentifier" data-name="prod-optionalIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">10</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">optionalIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifierOrMarker">identifierOrMarker</a></span> ";" )?</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-identifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-identifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">11</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">identifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Generation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasgeneratedby">Generation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.id"><span class="attribute" id="generation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.entity"><span class="attribute" id="generation.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.activity"><span class="attribute" id="generation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.time"><span class="attribute" id="generation.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="generation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_13"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_13">Example 13</a></div>
+
+<pre class="codeexample">wasGeneratedBy(ex:g1; tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00,  [ex:fct="save"])
+</pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">ex:g1</span> is the optional generation identifier, <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is the identifier of the entity being generated,
+  <span class="name">ex:edit1</span> is the optional identifier of the generating activity, <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional generation time, and <span class="name"> [ex:fct="save"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+  
+<pre class="codeexample">wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1, -)
+wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1, -, [ex:fct="save"])     
+wasGeneratedBy(e2, [ex:fct="save"])     
+wasGeneratedBy(ex:g1; e)
+wasGeneratedBy(ex:g1; e, a, tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-generationExpression">generationExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-Usage">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.4 </span>Usage</h4>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-usageExpression" data-name="prod-usageExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">12</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">usageExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"used" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Usage maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-used">Usage</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.id"><span class="attribute" id="usage.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.activity"><span class="attribute" id="usage.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.entity"><span class="attribute" id="usage.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.time"><span class="attribute" id="usage.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="usage.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_14"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_14">Example 14</a></div>
+  
+<pre class="codeexample">used(ex:u1; ex:act2, ar3:0111, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:fct="load"])
+ </pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">ex:u1</span> is the optional usage identifier,  <span class="name">ex:act2</span> is the identifier of the using activity,
+  <span class="name">ar3:0111</span> is the identifier of the entity being used,
+ <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional usage time, and <span class="name"> [ex:fct="load"]</span> are optional attributes.</p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+
+  <pre class="codeexample">used(ex:act2)
+used(ex:act2, ar3:0111, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+used(a1,e1, -, [ex:fct="load"])
+used(ex:u1; ex:act2, ar3:0111, -)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-usageExpression">usageExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-wasInformedBy">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.5 </span>Communication</h4>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-communicationExpression" data-name="prod-communicationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">13</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">communicationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasInformedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Communication maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinformedby">Communication</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.id"><span class="attribute" id="communication.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.informed"><span class="attribute" id="communication.informed">informed</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.informant"><span class="attribute" id="communication.informant">informant</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="communication.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_15"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_15">Example 15</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">wasInformedBy(ex:inf1; ex:a1, ex:a2, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+</pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">ex:inf1</span> is the optional communication identifier,  <span class="name">ex:a1</span> is the identifier of the informed activity,
+  <span class="name">ex:a2</span> is the identifier of the informant activity,
+and <span class="name">[ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+
+<pre class="codeexample">wasInformedBy(ex:a1, ex:a2)
+wasInformedBy(ex:a1, ex:a2, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+wasInformedBy(i; ex:a1, ex:a2)
+wasInformedBy(i; ex:a1, ex:a2, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+</pre>
+</div>
+</section>
+
+
+
+<section id="expression-Start">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.6 </span>Start</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-startExpression" data-name="prod-startExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">14</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">startExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasStartedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Start maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasstartedby">Start</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.id"><span class="attribute" id="start.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.activity"><span class="attribute" id="start.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.trigger"><span class="attribute" id="start.trigger">trigger</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.starter"><span class="attribute" id="start.starter">starter</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.time"><span class="attribute" id="start.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="start.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_16"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_16">Example 16</a></div>
+
+  <pre class="codeexample">wasStartedBy(start; ex:act2, ex:trigger, ex:act1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:param="a"])
+  </pre>
+  <p>Here <span class="name">start</span> is the optional start identifier,  <span class="name">ex:act2</span> is the identifier of the started activity,
+  <span class="name">ex:trigger</span> is the optional identifier for the entity that triggered the activity start,
+   <span class="name">ex:act1</span> is the optional identifier for the activity that generated the (possibly unspecified) entity   <span class="name">ex:trigger</span>,
+ <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional start time, and <span class="name"> [ex:param="a"]</span> are optional attributes.</p>
+  The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+  
+  <pre class="codeexample">wasStartedBy(ex:act2, -, ex:act1, -)
+wasStartedBy(ex:act2, -, ex:act1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+wasStartedBy(ex:act2, -, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+wasStartedBy(ex:act2, [ex:param="a"])
+wasStartedBy(start; ex:act2, e, ex:act1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-startExpression">startExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-End">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.7 </span>End</h4>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-endExpression" data-name="prod-endExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">15</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">endExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasEndedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM End maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasendedby">End</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.id"><span class="attribute" id="end.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.activity"><span class="attribute" id="end.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.trigger"><span class="attribute" id="end.trigger">trigger</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.ender"><span class="attribute" id="end.ender">ender</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.time"><span class="attribute" id="end.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="end.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_17"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_17">Example 17</a></div>
+
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasEndedBy(end; ex:act2, ex:trigger, ex:act3,  2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:param="a"])
+  </pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">end</span> is the optional end identifier,  
+<span class="name">ex:act2</span> is the identifier of the ending activity,
+  <span class="name">ex:trigger</span> is the identifier of the entity that triggered the activity end,
+  <span class="name">ex:act3</span> is the optional identifier for the activity that generated the (possibly unspecified) entity   <span class="name">ex:trigger</span>,
+ <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional usage time, and <span class="name"> [ex:param="a"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+
+  
+<pre class="codeexample">wasEndedBy(ex:act2, ex:trigger, -, -)
+wasEndedBy(ex:act2, ex:trigger, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+wasEndedBy(ex:act2, -, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+wasEndedBy(ex:act2, -, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:param="a"])
+wasEndedBy(end; ex:act2)
+wasEndedBy(end; ex:act2, ex:trigger, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-endExpression">endExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+<section id="expression-Invalidation">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.1.8 </span>Invalidation</h4>
+
+
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-invalidationExpression" data-name="prod-invalidationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">16</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">invalidationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasInvalidatedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Invalidation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinvalidatedby">Invalidation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.id"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.entity"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.activity"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.time"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_18"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_18">Example 18</a></div>
+
+<pre class="codeexample">wasInvalidatedBy(ex:inv; tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00,  [ex:fct="save"])
+</pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">ex:inv</span> is the optional invalidation identifier, <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is the identifier of the entity being invalidated,
+  <span class="name">ex:edit1</span> is the optional identifier of the invalidating activity, <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional invalidation time, and <span class="name"> [ex:fct="save"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+  
+<pre class="codeexample">wasInvalidatedBy(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, -)
+wasInvalidatedBy(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+wasInvalidatedBy(e2, a1, -, [ex:fct="save"])     
+wasInvalidatedBy(e2, -, -, [ex:fct="save"])     
+wasInvalidatedBy(ex:inv; tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, -)
+wasInvalidatedBy(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, -)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-invalidationExpression">invalidationExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="component2"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.2 </span>Component 2: Derivations</h3>
+<section id="Derivation-Relation">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.2.1 </span>Derivation</h4>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-derivationExpression" data-name="prod-derivationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">17</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">derivationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasDerivedFrom" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-gIdentifierOrMarker">gIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-uIdentifierOrMarker">uIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Derivation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasderivedfrom">Derivation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.id"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.generatedEntity"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.generatedEntity">generatedEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.usedEntity"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.usedEntity">usedEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.activity"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.generation"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.generation">generation</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-gIdentifierOrMarker">gIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.usage"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.usage">usage</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-uIdentifierOrMarker">uIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-derivation"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-derivation">Example 19</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1, a, g2, u1, [ex:comment="a righteous derivation"])
+  </pre>
+<p>  Here
+    <span class="name">d</span> is the optional derivation identifier,
+  <span class="name">e2</span> is the identifier for the entity being derived,
+  <span class="name">e1</span> is the  identifier of the entity from which <span class="name">e2</span> is derived,
+  <span class="name">a</span> is the optional identifier of the activity which used/generated the entities,
+  <span class="name">g2</span> is the optional identifier of the generation,
+  <span class="name">u1</span> is the optional identifier of the usage,
+  and <span class="name">[ex:comment="a righteous derivation"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+
+  
+<pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, -, g2, u1)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, -, u1)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, -)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, -, -)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, -, -, u1)
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, -, -, -)
+wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+wasDerivedFrom(-; e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+</section>
+<section id="expression-Revision">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.2.2 </span>Revision</h4>
+
+<p id="provn-type-Revision">
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Revision. Instead, a Revision <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as a 
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-derivationExpression">derivationExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Revision'</code>.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_20"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_20">Example 20</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1, a, g2, u1, 
+               [prov:type='prov:Revision', 
+                ex:comment="a righteous derivation"])
+  </pre>
+<p>Here, the derivation from
+<a href="#anexample-derivation" class="anexample-ref"><span>Example 19</span></a>
+is extended with a <span class="name">prov:type</span> attribute and value <span class="name">prov:Revision</span>.  The expression <code>'prov:Revision'</code> is <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-convenienceNotation">convenienceNotation</a></code> to denote a <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> literal (See  <a href="#expression-literal">Section 3.7.3. Literal</a>).
+</p></div>
+
+
+</section>  
+<section id="expression-quotation">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.2.3 </span>Quotation</h4>
+
+<p id="provn-type-Quotation">
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Quotation. Instead, a Quotation <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be  expressed as a 
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-derivationExpression">derivationExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Quotation'</code>.</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_21"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_21">Example 21</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(quoteId1; ex:blockQuote,ex:blog, ex:act1, ex:g, ex:u,
+               [ prov:type='prov:Quotation' ]) 
+ </pre>
+
+<p>Here, the derivation is provided with a <span class="name">prov:type</span> attribute and value <span class="name">prov:Quotation</span>.
+</p></div>
+
+
+</section>  
+
+
+<section id="expression-primary-source">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.2.4 </span>Primary Source</h4>
+
+
+<p id="provn-type-Primary-Source">
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for PrimarySource. Instead, a PrimarySource <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as a 
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-derivationExpression">derivationExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Primary-Source'</code>.</p>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_22"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_22">Example 22</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(sourceId1;  ex:e1, ex:e2, ex:act, ex:g, ex:u, 
+               [ prov:type='prov:PrimarySource' ])
+</pre>
+<p>Here, the derivation is provided with a <span class="name">prov:type</span> attribute and value <span class="name">prov:PrimarySource</span>.
+  </p>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>  
+
+</section>
+
+
+<section id="component3"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.3 </span>Component 3: Agents, Responsibility, and Influence</h3>
+<section id="expression-Agent">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.3.1 </span>Agent</h4>
+
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-agentExpression" data-name="prod-agentExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">18</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">agentExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"agent" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Agent maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-agent">Agent</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#agent.id"><span class="attribute" id="agent.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#agent.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="agent.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Person, Organization, SoftwareAgent. Instead, a Person, an Organization, or a SoftwareAgent <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as an
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agentExpression">agentExpression</a></code> with attribute 
+<span id="provn-type-Person"><code>prov:type='prov:Person'</code></span>,
+<span id="provn-type-Organization"><code>prov:type='prov:Organization'</code></span>, or
+<span id="provn-type-SoftwareAgent"><code>prov:type='prov:SoftwareAgent'</code></span>, respectively.</p>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_23"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_23">Example 23</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">agent(ag4, [ prov:type='prov:Person', ex:name="David" ])
+</pre>
+<p>Here <span class="name">ag</span> is the agent identifier, and
+   <span class="name">[ prov:type='prov:Person', ex:name="David" ]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+In the next example, the optional attributes are omitted.
+
+<pre class="codeexample">agent(ag4)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+<section id="expression-attribution">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.3.2 </span>Attribution</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-attributionExpression" data-name="prod-attributionExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">19</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">attributionExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasAttributedTo" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Attribution maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasattributedto">Attribution</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.id"><span class="attribute" id="attribution.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.entity"><span class="attribute" id="attribution.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.agent"><span class="attribute" id="attribution.agent">agent</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="attribution.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_24"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_24">Example 24</a></div>
+
+<pre class="codeexample">wasAttributedTo(attr; e, ag, [ex:license='cc:attributionURL' ])
+  </pre>
+<p>    Here <span class="name">attr</span> is the optional attribution identifier,  <span class="name">e</span> is an entity identifier,
+  <span class="name">ag</span> is the identifier of the agent to whom the entity is abscribed, 
+and <span class="name">[ex:license='cc:attributionURL' ]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+
+<pre class="codeexample">wasAttributedTo(e, ag)
+wasAttributedTo(e, ag, [ex:license='cc:attributionURL' ])
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+</section>  
+
+
+<section id="expression-Association">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.3.3 </span>Association</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-associationExpression" data-name="prod-associationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">20</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">associationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasAssociatedWith" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifierOrMarker">agIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Association maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasassociatedwith">Association</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.id"><span class="attribute" id="association.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.activity"><span class="attribute" id="association.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.agent"><span class="attribute" id="association.agent">agent</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifierOrMarker">agIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.plan"><span class="attribute" id="association.plan">plan</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="association.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<p id="provn-type-Plan">
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Plan. Instead, a Plan <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as an
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Plan'</code>.</p>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_25"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_25">Example 25</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">wasAssociatedWith(ex:assoc; ex:a1, ex:ag1, ex:e1, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+  </pre>
+
+<p>  Here <span class="name">ex:assoc</span> is the optional attribution identifier,
+  <span class="name">ex:a1</span> is an activity identifier,
+  <span class="name">ex:ag1</span> is the optional identifier of the agent associated to the activity,
+  <span class="name">ex:e1</span> is the optional identifier of the plan used by the agent in the context of the activity,
+  and <span class="name"> [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+
+  
+  
+<pre class="codeexample">wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, -, ex:e1)
+wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, ex:ag1)
+wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, ex:ag1, ex:e1)
+wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, ex:ag1, ex:e1, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+wasAssociatedWith(a; ex:a1, -, ex:e1)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-associationExpression">associationExpression</a></code>.</p>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_26"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_26">Example 26</a></div>
+<p>The  following expression illustrates a plan.
+</p><pre class="codeexample">  entity(ex:pl1,   [ prov:type='prov:Plan' ])
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+<section id="expression-delegation">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.3.4 </span>Delegation</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-delegationExpression" data-name="prod-delegationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">21</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">delegationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"actedOnBehalfOf" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Delegation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-actedonbehalfof">Delegation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.id"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.delegate"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.delegate">delegate</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.responsible"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.responsible">responsible</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.activity"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_27"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_27">Example 27</a></div>
+
+  <pre class="codeexample">actedOnBehalfOf(del1; ag2, ag1, a, [prov:type="contract"])
+  </pre>
+<p>  Here <span class="name">del1</span> is the optional delegation identifier,
+  <span class="name">ag2</span> is the identifier for the delegate agent,
+  <span class="name">ag1</span> is the  identifier of the responsible agent,
+  <span class="name">a</span> is the optional identifier of the activity for which the delegation link holds,
+  and <span class="name">[prov:type="contract"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+
+
+<pre class="codeexample">actedOnBehalfOf(ag1, ag2)
+actedOnBehalfOf(ag1, ag2, a)
+actedOnBehalfOf(ag1, ag2, -, [prov:type="delegation"])
+actedOnBehalfOf(ag2, ag3, a, [prov:type="contract"])
+actedOnBehalfOf(del1; ag2, ag3, a, [prov:type="contract"])
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-influence">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.3.5 </span>Influence</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-influenceExpression" data-name="prod-influenceExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">22</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">influenceExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"wasInfluencedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Influence maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinfluencedby">Influence</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.id"><span class="attribute" id="influence.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.influencee"><span class="attribute" id="influence.influencee">influencee</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.influencer"><span class="attribute" id="influence.influencer">influencer</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="influence.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_28"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_28">Example 28</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">wasInfluencedBy(infl1;e2,e1,[ex:param="a"])
+  </pre>
+<p>  Here,
+    <span class="name">infl1</span> is the optional influence identifier,
+  <span class="name">e2</span> is an entity identifier,
+  <span class="name">e1</span> is the identifier for an ancestor entity that   <span class="name">e2</span> is influenced by,
+  and <span class="name">[ex:param="a"]</span> is the optional set of attributes. </p>
+The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
+
+
+  <pre class="codeexample">wasInfluencedBy(e2,e1)
+wasInfluencedBy(e2,e1,[ex:param="a"])
+wasInfluencedBy(infl1; e2,e1)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+</section>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="component4"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.4 </span>Component 4: Bundles</h3>
+
+<section id="expression-bundle-constructor"> 
+<h4><span class="secno">3.4.1 </span>Bundle Constructor</h4>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-bundle" data-name="prod-bundle"></a>[<span class="prodNo">23</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">bundle</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"bundle" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></span>)? (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></span>)* "endBundle"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>Bundles cannot be nested. It is for this reason that  a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code> is not defined as an <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code>,  to prevent the occurrence of a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code> inside another <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code>.</p>
+
+<p>Each identifier occurring in a bundle, including the bundle identifier itself, <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be interpreted with respect to the namespace declarations of that bundle, or if the identifier's prefix is not declared in the bundle, with respect to the namespace declarations in the document. </p>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM bundle maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-bundle-constructor">Bundle</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#bundle.constructor.id"><span class="attribute" id="bundle.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#bundle.constructor.descriptions"><span class="attribute" id="bundle.descriptions">descriptions</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-namespaceDeclaration"><span class="attribute" id="namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-bundle1"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-bundle1">Example 29</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">bundle ex:author-view
+  prefix ex  &lt;http://example.org/&gt;
+  agent(ex:Paolo,   [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
+  agent(ex:Simon,   [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
+  //...
+endBundle
+  </pre>
+<p> Here  <span class="name">ex:author-view</span> is the name of the bundle. 
+</p>
+
+
+
+
+</div>
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-bundle-type"> 
+<h4><span class="secno">3.4.2 </span>Bundle Type</h4>
+
+<p id="provn-type-Bundle">
+When described, a Bundle <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as an <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Bundle'</code>.</p>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_30"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_30">Example 30</a></div>
+<p>The bundle of
+<a href="#anexample-bundle1" class="anexample-ref"><span>Example 29</span></a> can be referred to as an an entity, and its provenance described.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  entity(ex:author-view,   [ prov:type='prov:Bundle' ])
+</pre>
+</div>
+</section>
+</section>
+
+<section id="component5"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.5 </span>Component 5: Alternate Entities</h3>
+<section id="expression-alternate">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.5.1 </span>Alternate</h4>
+
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-alternateExpression" data-name="prod-alternateExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">24</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">alternateExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"alternateOf" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Alternate maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-alternateof">Alternate</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#alternate.alternate1"><span class="attribute" id="alternate.alternate1">alternate1</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#alternate.alternate2"><span class="attribute" id="alternate.alternate2">alternate2</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_31"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_31">Example 31</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">alternateOf(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215,ex:alternate-20111215)
+</pre>
+  Here  <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is alternate for   <span class="name">ex:alternate-20111215</span>.
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+<section id="expression-specialization">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.5.2 </span>Specialization</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-specializationExpression" data-name="prod-specializationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">25</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">specializationExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"specializationOf" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Specialization maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-specializationof">Specialization</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#specialization.specificEntity"><span class="attribute" id="specialization.specificEntity">specificEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#specialization.generalEntity"><span class="attribute" id="specialization.generalEntity">generalEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_32"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_32">Example 32</a></div>
+<pre class="codeexample">specializationOf(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215,tr:prov-dm)
+</pre>
+    Here  <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is a specialization of <span class="name">tr:prov-dm</span>.
+</div>
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+<section id="component6"> 
+<h3><span class="secno">3.6 </span>Component 6: Collections</h3>
+
+
+<section id="expression-collection">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.6.1 </span>Collection</h4>
+
+
+<p>
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Collection and EmptyCollection. Instead, a Collection or an EmptyCollection <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as an
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></code> with attribute 
+<span id="provn-type-Collection"><code>prov:type='prov:Collection'</code></span>, or
+<span id="provn-type-EmptyCollection"><code>prov:type='prov:EmptyCollection'</code></span>, respectively.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_33"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_33">Example 33</a></div>
+<p>The  following two expressions are about a collection and an empty collection, respectively.
+</p><pre class="codeexample">  entity(ex:col1,   [ prov:type='prov:Collection' ])
+  entity(ex:col2,   [ prov:type='prov:EmptyCollection' ])
+</pre>
+</div>
+</section>
+
+
+<section id="expression-collection-membership">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.6.2 </span>Membership</h4>
+
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-membershipExpression" data-name="prod-membershipExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">26</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">membershipExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"hadMember" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-cIdentifier">cIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Membership maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; ">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-hadmember">Membership</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#membership.collection"><span class="attribute" id="membership.collection">collection</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-cIdentifier">cIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#membership.entity"><span class="attribute" id="membership.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_34"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_34">Example 34</a></div>
+    <pre class="codeexample">   hadMember(c, e1)   // c contained e1
+   hadMember(c, e2)   // c contained e2 
+  </pre>
+<p>  Here
+  <span class="name">c</span> is the  identifier for the collection whose membership is stated, and 
+  <span class="name">e1</span> and <span class="name">e2</span> are the entities that are members of collection c 
+
+
+</p></div>
+
+</section>
+
+</section>   
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="subexpressions">
+<h3><span class="secno">3.7 </span>Further Expressions</h3>
+
+This section defines further expressions of PROV-N.
+
+
+<section id="expression-identifier">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.7.1 </span>Identifier</h4>
+
+<p>Various kinds of identifiers are used in productions.</p>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-eIdentifier" data-name="prod-eIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">27</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">eIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-aIdentifier" data-name="prod-aIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">28</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">aIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-agIdentifier" data-name="prod-agIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">29</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">agIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-gIdentifier" data-name="prod-gIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">30</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">gIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-uIdentifier" data-name="prod-uIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">31</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">uIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-cIdentifier" data-name="prod-cIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">32</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">cIdentifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-eIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-eIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">33</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">eIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-aIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-aIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">34</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">aIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-agIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-agIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">35</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">agIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-gIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-gIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">36</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">gIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-gIdentifier">gIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-uIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-uIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">37</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">uIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-uIdentifier">uIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-identifier" data-name="prod-identifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">38</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">identifier</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>
+A <dfn id="dfn-qualifiedName">qualified name</dfn> is a name subject to namespace interpretation. It consists of a namespace, denoted by an optional prefix, and a local name.
+The PROV data model  stipulates that a qualified name can be mapped to an IRI
+ by concatenating the IRI associated with the prefix and the local part.  This section provides the exact details of this procedure for qualified names defined by PROV-N. </p>
+
+<p>A qualified name's prefix is <em class="rfc2119" title="OPTIONAL">OPTIONAL</em>. If a prefix occurs in a
+ qualified name, the prefix <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> refer to a namespace declared in a namespace declaration.  In the absence of prefix, the qualified name 
+ belongs to the default namespace.</p>
+
+
+
+
+<p>A PROV-N qualified name (production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code>) has a more permissive syntax then XML's <code class="content"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/#NT-QName">QName</a></code> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-XML-NAMES">XML-NAMES</a></cite>]
+and SPARQL <code class="content"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115/#rPrefixedName">PrefixedName</a></code> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF-SPARQL-QUERY">RDF-SPARQL-QUERY</a></cite>]. 
+A <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> consists of a prefix and a local part. Prefixes follow the production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code> defined by SPARQL [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF-SPARQL-QUERY">RDF-SPARQL-QUERY</a></cite>]. Local parts have to be conformant with <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code>, which extends the original SPARQL <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code> definition 
+by allowing further characters (see <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</a></code>):</p>
+<ul>
+<li> an extra set of characters commonly encountered in IRIs;
+</li><li> %-escaped characters (see <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PERCENT">PERCENT</a></code>) to be interpreted as per
+ Section 3.1.  Mapping of IRIs to URIs in [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3987">RFC3987</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> and \-escaped characters (see <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_ESC">PN_CHARS_ESC</a></code>).</li>
+</ul>
+
+
+
+<p>Given that 
+'=' (equal),
+''' (single quote),
+'(' (left bracket),
+')' (right bracket),
+',' (comma),
+':' (colon),
+';' (semi-colon),   
+'"' (double quote),  
+'[' (left square bracket),
+']' (right square bracket) are used by the PROV notation as delimiters, they are not allowed in local parts. 
+Instead, among those characters, those that are permitted in SPARQL
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></code>  are also allowed in <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code> if they are escaped by the '\' (backslash character) as per production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_ESC">PN_CHARS_ESC</a></code>. Furthermore, '.' (dot), ':' (colon), '-' (hyphen) can also be \-escaped.</p>
+
+
+
+<p>A PROV-N qualified name <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> can be mapped to a valid IRI [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3987">RFC3987</a></cite>] by concatenating the namespace denoted  its local name <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code> to the local name <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code>, whose \-escaped characters have been unescaped by dropping the character '\' (backslash).</p>
+
+ 
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME" data-name="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME"></a>[<span class="prodNo">52</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">QUALIFIED_NAME</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></span> ":" )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></span> ":"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-PN_LOCAL" data-name="prod-PN_LOCAL"></a>[<span class="prodNo">53</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">PN_LOCAL</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_CHARS_U">PN_CHARS_U</a></span> | [0-9] | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</a></span> ) ( ( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_CHARS">PN_CHARS</a></span> | "." | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</a></span> )* ( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_CHARS">PN_CHARS</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</a></span> ) )?</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS" data-name="prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS"></a>[<span class="prodNo">54</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"/"<br> | "@"<br> | "~"<br> | "&amp;"<br> | "+"<br> | "*"<br> | "?"<br> | "#"<br> | "$"<br> | "!"<br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PERCENT">PERCENT</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_ESC">PN_CHARS_ESC</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-PN_CHARS_ESC" data-name="prod-PN_CHARS_ESC"></a>[<span class="prodNo">55</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">PN_CHARS_ESC</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"\" ( "=" | "'" | "(" | ")" | "," | "-" | ":" | ";" | "[" | "]" | "." )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-PERCENT" data-name="prod-PERCENT"></a>[<span class="prodNo">56</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">PERCENT</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"%" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-HEX">HEX</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-HEX">HEX</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-HEX" data-name="prod-HEX"></a>[<span class="prodNo">57</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">HEX</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">[0-9]<br> | [A-F]<br> | [a-f]</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-qualified-name"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-qualified-name">Example 35</a></div>
+<p>Examples of articles on the BBC Web site seen as  entities.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
+  prefix bbc &lt;http://www.bbc.co.uk/&gt;
+  prefix bbcNews &lt;http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/&gt;
+
+  entity(bbc:)                          // bbc site itself
+  entity(bbc:news/)                     // bbc news
+  entity(bbc:news/world-asia-17507976)  // a given news article
+
+  entity(bbcNews:)                      // an alternative way of referring to the bbc news site
+
+endDocument
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-qualified-name2"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-qualified-name2">Example 36</a></div>
+<p>Examples of entities with declared and default namespace.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
+  default &lt;http://example.org/2/&gt;
+  prefix ex &lt;http://example.org/1/&gt;
+
+  entity(ex:a)     //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/1/a
+  entity(ex:a/)    //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/1/a/
+  entity(ex:a/b)   //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/1/a/b
+  entity(b)        //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/2/b
+  entity(ex:1234)  //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/1/1234
+  entity(4567)     //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/2/4567
+  entity(c/)       //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/2/c/
+  entity(ex:/)     //  corresponds to IRI http://example.org/1//
+endDocument
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-qualified-name3"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-qualified-name3">Example 37</a></div>
+<p>Examples of \-escaped characters.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
+  prefix ex &lt;http://example.org/&gt;
+  default &lt;http://example.org/default&gt;
+
+  entity(ex:foo?a\=1)            // corresponds to IRI http://example.org/foo?a=1
+  entity(ex:\-)                  // corresponds to IRI http://example.org/-
+  entity(ex:?fred\=fish%20soup)  // corresponds to IRI http://example.org/?fred=fish%20soup
+
+  used(-;a1,e1,-)                // identifier not specified for usage  
+  used(\-;a1,e1,-)               // usage identifier corresponds to http://example.org/default-
+endDocument
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<p><b>Note:</b> The productions for the terminals  <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> and  <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code> are conflicting.
+Indeed,  for a tokenizer operating independently of the parse tree, <code>abc</code> matches both 
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> and
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code>.
+  In the context of a <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></code>, a tokenizer should give  preference to the production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code>.
+</p>
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-attribute">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.7.2 </span>Attribute</h4>
+
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-attribute" data-name="prod-attribute"></a>[<span class="prodNo">39</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">attribute</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>The  reserved attributes in the PROV namespace are the following.
+Their meaning is explained by [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>] (see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute">Section 5.7.2: Attribute</a>).
+</p>
+
+<ol>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-label"><span class="name">prov:label</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-location"><span class="name">prov:location</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-role"><span class="name">prov:role</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-type"><span class="name">prov:type</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-value"><span class="name">prov:value</span></a>
+</li></ol>
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="expression-literal">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.7.3 </span>Literal</h4>
+
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-literal" data-name="prod-literal"></a>[<span class="prodNo">40</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">literal</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-typedLiteral">typedLiteral</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-convenienceNotation">convenienceNotation</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-typedLiteral" data-name="prod-typedLiteral"></a>[<span class="prodNo">41</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">typedLiteral</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></span> "%%" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-datatype">datatype</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-datatype" data-name="prod-datatype"></a>[<span class="prodNo">42</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">datatype</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-convenienceNotation" data-name="prod-convenienceNotation"></a>[<span class="prodNo">43</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">convenienceNotation</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></span> (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rLANGTAG">LANGTAG</a></span>)?<br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL">QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-STRING_LITERAL" data-name="prod-STRING_LITERAL"></a>[<span class="prodNo">58</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">STRING_LITERAL</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rSTRING_LITERAL2">STRING_LITERAL2</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rSTRING_LITERAL_LONG2">STRING_LITERAL_LONG2</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-INT_LITERAL" data-name="prod-INT_LITERAL"></a>[<span class="prodNo">60</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">INT_LITERAL</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">("-")? (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-DIGIT">DIGIT</a></span>)+</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-DIGIT" data-name="prod-DIGIT"></a>[<span class="prodNo">62</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">DIGIT</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">[0-9]</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL" data-name="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL"></a>[<span class="prodNo">61</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td>&lt;<code class="production term">QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL</code>&gt;</td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"'" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span> "'"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>In production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-datatype">datatype</a></code>, the <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> is used to denote a <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-value">PROV data type</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>].
+
+
+</p><p>The non terminals
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></code>,
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></code>, and
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL">QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL</a></code>
+are syntactic sugar for quoted strings with datatype 
+<code class="content"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#string"><span class="name">xsd:string</span></a></code>,
+<code class="content"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#int"><span class="name">xsd:int</span></a></code>, and
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">prov:QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code>
+respectively.
+</p>
+
+<p> In particular, a Literal may be an IRI-typed string (with datatype <span class="name">xsd:anyURI</span>);  such IRI has no specific interpretation in the context of PROV.</p>
+
+
+<p><b>Note:</b> The productions for terminals <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> and
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></code> are conflicting.  
+Indeed, for a tokenizer operating independently of the parse tree, <code>1234</code> matches both <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></code> and <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> (local name without prefix). In the context of
+a <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-convenienceNotation">convenienceNotation</a></code>, a tokenizer should give preference to the production
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></code>. 
+</p>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-convenience"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-convenience">Example 38</a></div>
+<p>
+The following examples illustrate convenience notations.</p>
+
+<p>The two following expressions are strings; if <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-datatype">datatype</a></code> is not specified, it is <code>xsd:string</code>.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  "abc" %% xsd:string
+  "abc"
+</pre>
+
+
+<p>The two following expressions are integers. For convenience, numbers, expressed as digits optionally preceded by a minus sign, can occur without quotes.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  "1234" %% xsd:integer
+  1234
+  "-1234" %% xsd:integer
+  -1234
+</pre>
+
+<p>The two following expressions are qualified names. Values of type qualified name can be conveniently expressed within single quotes.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  "ex:value" %% prov:QUALIFIED_NAME
+  'ex:value'
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-value"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-value">Example 39</a></div>
+<p>
+The following examples respectively are the string "abc", the string (in French) "bonjour", the integer number 1, and the IRI "http://example.org/foo".</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  "abc"
+  "bonjour"@fr
+  "1" %% xsd:integer
+  "http://example.org/foo" %% xsd:anyURI
+</pre>
+<p>The following examples respectively are the floating point number 1.01 and the boolean true.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  "1.01" %% xsd:float
+  "true" %% xsd:boolean
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<section id="expression-types">
+<h5><span class="secno">3.7.3.1 </span>Reserved Type Values</h5>
+
+<p>The  reserved type values in the PROV namespace are the following.
+Their meaning is defined [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>] (see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-type">Section 5.7.2.4: prov:type</a>).
+</p>
+
+<ol>
+<li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-bundle-entity"><span class="name">prov:Bundle</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-collection"><span class="name">prov:Collection</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-empty-collection"><span class="name">prov:EmptyCollection</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-organization"><span class="name">prov:Organization</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-person"><span class="name">prov:Person</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-plan"><span class="name">prov:Plan</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-primary-source"><span class="name">prov:PrimarySource</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-quotation"><span class="name">prov:Quotation</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-revision"><span class="name">prov:Revision</span></a>
+</li><li>  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-software-agent"><span class="name">prov:SoftwareAgent</span></a>
+</li></ol>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-types"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-types">Example 40</a></div>
+<p>The agent <span class="name">ag</span> is a person (type: <span class="name">prov:Person</span>), whereas the entity 
+<span class="name">pl</span> is a plan (type: <span class="name">prov:Plan</span>).</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">agent(ag,  [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
+entity(pl, [ prov:type='prov:Plan' ])
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="expression-Time">
+<h5><span class="secno">3.7.3.2 </span>Time Values</h5>
+
+<p><dfn id="dfn-time">Time instants</dfn> are defined according to xsd:dateTime [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-XMLSCHEMA11-2">XMLSCHEMA11-2</a></cite>].</p> 
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-time" data-name="prod-time"></a>[<span class="prodNo">44</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">time</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#nt-dateTimeRep">DATETIME</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-time"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-time">Example 41</a></div>
+
+<p>The third argument in the following usage expression is a time instance, namely 4pm on 2011-11-16.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">used(ex:act2, ar3:0111, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="expression-NamespaceDeclaration">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.7.4 </span>Namespace Declaration</h4>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-namespaceDeclarations" data-name="prod-namespaceDeclarations"></a>[<span class="prodNo">45</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">namespaceDeclarations</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-defaultNamespaceDeclaration">defaultNamespaceDeclaration</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></span> ) (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></span>)*</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-namespaceDeclaration" data-name="prod-namespaceDeclaration"></a>[<span class="prodNo">46</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">namespaceDeclaration</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"prefix" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespace">namespace</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-defaultNamespaceDeclaration" data-name="prod-defaultNamespaceDeclaration"></a>[<span class="prodNo">47</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">defaultNamespaceDeclaration</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"default" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-namespace" data-name="prod-namespace"></a>[<span class="prodNo">48</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">namespace</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>A <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></code> consists of a binding between a prefix and a namespace. Every qualified name with this prefix in the scope of this declaration belongs to this namespace. 
+A <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-defaultNamespaceDeclaration">defaultNamespaceDeclaration</a></code> consists of a namespace. Every qualified name without prefix in the scope of this declaration belongs to this namespace. Scope of a prefix-namespace declaration is specified as follows:</p>
+<ul>
+<li> 
+The scope of a prefix-namespace declaration directly occurring in a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code> is the <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code> itself.</li>
+<li>
+The scope of a prefix-namespace declaration directly occurring in a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-document">document</a></code> is the <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-document">document</a></code> including the <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundles</a></code> it contains but excluding those <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundles</a></code> that re-declare this prefix.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>A set of namespace declarations <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST NOT">MUST NOT</em> re-declare the same prefix.</p>
+
+<p>A set of namespace declarations <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code> occurring in a bundle <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> re-declare a prefix declared in a surrounding document.</p>
+
+<p>A namespace declaration <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></code> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST NOT">MUST NOT</em> declare prefixes <span class="name">prov</span> and <span class="name">xsd</span>  (see <a href="#namespace-table">Table 1</a> for their IRI).</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-namespace"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-namespace">Example 42</a></div>
+<p>The following example declares three namespaces, one default, and two with explicit prefixes <span class="name">ex1</span> and <span class="name">ex2</span>.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
+  default &lt;http://example.org/0/&gt;
+  prefix ex1 &lt;http://example.org/1/&gt;
+  prefix ex2 &lt;http://example.org/2/&gt;
+...
+endDocument
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-namespace-scope"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-namespace-scope">Example 43</a></div>
+<p>In the following example, a document declares a default namespace and the occurrence of
+<code>e001</code> directly occurring in the document refers to that namespace.
+A nested bundle also declares a default namespace, but with a different IRI.
+In that  bundle, the occurrences of
+<code>e001</code>, including the bundle name, refer to the latest default namespace.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
+  default &lt;http://example.org/1/&gt;
+  entity(e001)                             // IRI: http://example.org/1/e001
+
+  bundle e001                              // IRI: http://example.org/2/e001
+    default &lt;http://example.org/2/&gt;
+    entity(e001)                           // IRI: http://example.org/2/e001
+  endBundle
+endDocument
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-namespace-scope2"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-namespace-scope2">Example 44</a></div>
+<p>In the following example, a document declares a namespace with prefix <code>ex</code> and the occurrence of
+<code>ex:e001</code> directly occurring in the document refers to that namespace.
+In a nested bundle, the occurrence of
+<code>ex:e001</code> also  refers to the same namespace.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
+  prefix ex &lt;http://example.org/1/&gt;
+  entity(ex:e001)                            // IRI: http://example.org/1/e001
+
+  bundle b
+    entity(ex:001)                           // IRI: http://example.org/1/e001
+  endBundle
+endDocument
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="semantic-rules-summary">
+<h4><span class="secno">3.7.5 </span>Summary of additional semantic rules</h4>
+
+<p>Some of the grammar productions allow for expressions that are syntactically correct, and yet according to [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>] they are not acceptable, because additional semantic rules are defined for those expressions.
+ The following table provides a summary of such expressions along with examples of syntactically correct but unacceptable forms, and the additional semantic rules.</p>
+
+<div style="text-align: left;">
+<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
+<caption id="validity-rules-table">Table 2: Summary of additional semantic rules for grammar productions</caption>
+<tbody><tr><td><b>Production</b></td>
+     <td><b>Examples of syntactically correct expressions</b></td>
+     <td><b>Additional semantic rule</b></td>
+</tr>
+<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-generationExpression">Generation expression</a></td>
+    <td><span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(e2, -, -)</span><br><span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(-; e2, -, -)</span></td>
+    <td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.activity"><span class="attribute">activity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present.</td>  
+</tr>
+<tr><td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-usageExpression">Usage expression</a></td>
+<td><span class="name">used(a2, -, -)</span><br><span class="name">used(-; a2, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.entity"><span class="attribute">entity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-startExpression">Start expression</a></td>
+<td> <span class="name">wasStartedBy(e2, -, -, -)</span><br><span class="name">wasStartedBy(-; e2, -, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.trigger"><span class="attribute">trigger</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.starter"><span class="attribute">starter</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-endExpression">End expression</a></td>
+<td><span class="name">wasEndedBy(e2, -, -, -)</span><br><span class="name">wasEndedBy(-; e2, -, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.trigger"><span class="attribute">trigger</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.ender"><span class="attribute">ender</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-invalidationExpression">Invalidation expression</a></td>
+<td><span class="name">wasInvalidatedBy(e2, -, -)</span>  <br><span class="name">wasInvalidatedBy(-; e2, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one  of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.activity"><span class="attribute">activity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-associationExpression">Association expression</a></td>
+<td><span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(a, -, -)</span> <br><span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(-; a, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.agent"><span class="attribute">agent</span></a>,  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.plan"><span class="attribute">plan</span></a>, and  <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a>  <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+</tr>
+
+</tbody></table>
+</div>
+</section>
+
+</section>
+
+
+</section>  
+
+
+
+
+
+<section id="document">
+<h2><span class="secno">4. </span>Document</h2>
+
+<p>A <dfn id="dfn-document">document</dfn> is a house-keeping construct of PROV-N capable of packaging up PROV-N expressions and namespace declarations.  A document forms a self-contained package of provenance descriptions for the purpose of <em>exchanging</em> them.  A document may be used
+ to  package up PROV-N expressions in response to a request for the provenance of something ([<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-AQ">PROV-AQ</a></cite>]).</p>
+
+<p> Given its status of house keeping construct for the purpose of exchanging provenance expressions,  a document is not defined as a PROV-N expression (production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code>).</p> 
+
+
+
+
+
+<p>A document's text matches the <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-document">document</a></code> production.</p>
+
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-document" data-name="prod-document"></a>[<span class="prodNo">1</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">document</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"document" (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></span>)? (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></span>)* (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></span>)* "endDocument"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+</table>
+
+<p>A document contains:
+</p><ul>
+<li><em>namespaceDeclarations</em>: a set of namespace declarations <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code>, declaring namespaces and associated prefixes, which can be used in attributes and identifiers occurring inside  <em>expressions</em> or <em>bundles</em>;</li>
+<li><em>expressions</em>:  a set of expressions, each matching <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code>;</li>
+<li><em>bundles</em>:  a  set of expressions, each matching
+<code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code>.</li>
+</ul>
+
+
+<p>Thus, bundles <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> occur inside a document, but do not appear inside other bundles.
+</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_45"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_45">Example 45</a></div>
+<p>
+The following document contains expressions related to the provenance of entity 
+<span class="name">e2</span>.
+</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">document
+  default &lt;http://anotherexample.org/&gt;
+  prefix ex &lt;http://example.org/&gt;
+
+  entity(e2, [ prov:type="File", ex:path="/shared/crime.txt", ex:creator="Alice", 
+               ex:content="There was a lot of crime in London last month."])
+  activity(a1, 2011-11-16T16:05:00, -, [prov:type="edit"])
+  wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1, -, [ex:fct="save"])     
+  wasAssociatedWith(a1, ag2, -, [prov:role="author"])
+  agent(ag2, [ prov:type='prov:Person', ex:name="Bob" ])
+
+endDocument
+</pre>
+<p>This container could for instance be returned as the result of a query to a provenance store for the provenance of entity <span class="name">e2</span> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-AQ">PROV-AQ</a></cite>].  
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+<section id="extensibility">
+<h2><span class="secno">5. </span>Extensibility</h2>
+
+<p>The PROV data model is extensible by means of attributes <span class="name">prov:type</span> and <span class="name">prov:role</span> allowing subtyping of expressions.  For some applications, novel  syntax may also be convenient. Hence, the normative requirements are as follow.</p>
+<ul>
+<li> PROV-N compliant parsers <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be able to parse expressions matching the <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></code> production defined below.
+</li><li> As PROV provides no definition for these expressions, PROV compliant implementations 
+ <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> ignore these expressions.</li>
+<li> Extensions to PROV and PROV-N <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> specify more specific productions and interpretations for these expressions, which applications <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> elect to follow. </li>
+</ul>
+
+
+<table class="grammar">
+
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-extensibilityExpression" data-name="prod-extensibilityExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">49</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">extensibilityExpression</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span> "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> )* <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-extensibilityArgument" data-name="prod-extensibilityArgument"></a>[<span class="prodNo">50</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">extensibilityArgument</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifierOrMarker">identifierOrMarker</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-literal">literal</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-time">time</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityTuple">extensibilityTuple</a></span> )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-extensibilityTuple" data-name="prod-extensibilityTuple"></a>[<span class="prodNo">51</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="production prod">extensibilityTuple</code></td> <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;::=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> <td><code class="content">"{" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> )* "}"<br> | "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> )* ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>Expressions compatible with the
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></code> production follow a general form of functional syntax, in which the predicate <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be a
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">qualifiedName</a></code>
+with a non-empty <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">prefix</a></code>.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="example_46"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_46">Example 46</a></div>
+<p>
+<a href="#component6">Collections</a> are sets of entities, whose membership can be expressed using the <span class="name">hadMember</span> relation.  The following example shows how one can express membership for <em>dictionaries</em>, an illustrative extension of Collections consisting of sets of key-entity pairs, where a key is a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-literal">literal</a></code>. The notation is a variation of that used for Collections membership, allowing multiple member elements to be declared, and in which the elements are pairs. The name of the relation is qualified with the extension-specific namespace <span class="name">http://example.org/dictionaries</span>.
+</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">  prefix dictExt &lt;http://example.org/dictionaries#&gt;
+  dictExt:hadMembers(mId; d, {("k1",e1), ("k2",e2), ("k3",e3)}, []) 
+</pre>
+
+Note that the generic <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></code> production  above allows for alternative notations to be used for expressing membership, if the designers of the extensions so desire. Here is an alternate syntax that is consistent with the productions:
+<pre class="codeexample">  prefix dictExt &lt;http://example.org/dictionaries#&gt;
+  dictExt:hadMembers(mid; d, dictExt:set(dictExt:pair("k1",e1), 
+                                         dictExt:pair("k2",e2), 
+                                         dictExt:pair("k3",e3)), 
+                            [dictExt:uniqueKeys="true"]) 
+</pre>
+
+  
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+</section>
+
+
+<section id="media-type">
+<h2><span class="secno">6. </span>Media Type</h2>
+
+<p>
+The media type of PROV-N is <span class="name">text/provenance-notation</span>. The content encoding of PROV-N content is UTF-8.
+</p>
+
+
+ <dl> 
+      <dt>Contact:</dt> 
+      <dd>Ivan Herman</dd> 
+      <dt>See also:</dt> 
+      <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/2002/06/registering-mediatype">How to Register a Media Type for a <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Specification</a></dd> 
+      <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/tag/2002/0129-mime">Internet Media Type registration, consistency of use</a><br>TAG Finding 3 June 2002 (Revised 4 September 2002)</dd> 
+    </dl> 
+    <p>The Internet Media Type / MIME Type for PROV-N is "text/provenance-notation".</p> 
+    <p>It is recommended that PROV-N files have the extension ".provn" (all lowercase) on all platforms.</p> 
+    <p>It is recommended that PROV-N files stored on Macintosh HFS file systems be given a file type of "TEXT".</p> 
+    <p>The information that follows has been <a href="https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Member/w3c-archive/2012Nov/0317.html">submitted to the IESG</a> for review, approval, and registration with IANA.</p> 
+    <dl> 
+      <dt>Type name:</dt> 
+      <dd>text</dd> 
+      <dt>Subtype name:</dt> 
+      <dd>provenance-notation</dd> 
+      <dt>Required parameters:</dt> 
+      <dd><kbd>charset</kbd> — the value of <kbd>charset</kbd> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> always be <kbd>UTF-8</kbd>.</dd> 
+      <dt>Optional parameters:</dt> 
+      <dd>None</dd> 
+
+      <dt>Encoding considerations: 8bit</dt> 
+      <dd>The syntax of PROV-N is expressed over code points in Unicode [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-UNICODE">UNICODE</a></cite>]. The encoding is always UTF-8 [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-UTF-8">UTF-8</a></cite>].</dd> 
+      <dd>Unicode code points may also be expressed using an \uXXXX (U+0 to U+FFFF) or \UXXXXXXXX syntax (for U+10000 onwards) where X is a hexadecimal digit [0-9A-F]</dd> 
+      <dt>Security considerations:</dt> 
+      <dd>PROV-N is a general-purpose language for describing the provenance of things; applications may evaluate given data to infer more descriptions or to dereference URIs, invoking the security considerations of the scheme for that URI. Note in particular, the privacy issues in [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3023">RFC3023</a></cite>] section 10 for HTTP URIs. Data obtained from an inaccurate or malicious data source may lead to inaccurate or misleading conclusions, as well as the dereferencing of unintended URIs. Care must be taken to align the trust in consulted resources with the sensitivity of the intended use of the data.</dd> 
+      <dd>PROV-N is used to express the provenance of arbitrary application data; security considerations will vary by domain of use. Security tools and protocols applicable to text (e.g. PGP encryption, MD5 sum validation, password-protected compression) may also be used on PROV-N documents. Security/privacy protocols must be imposed which reflect the sensitivity of the embedded information.  </dd> 
+      <dd>PROV-N can express data which is presented to the user, for example, by means of label attributes. Application rendering strings retrieved from untrusted PROV-N documents must ensure that malignant strings may not be used to mislead the reader. The security considerations in the media type registration for XML ([<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3023">RFC3023</a></cite>] section 10) provide additional guidance around the expression of arbitrary data and markup.</dd> 
+      <dd>PROV-N is a language for describing the provenance of things, and therefore a PROV-N document is metadata for other resources.  Untrusted PROV-N documents may mislead its consumers by indicating that a third-party resource has a reputable lineage, when it has not. Provenance of PROV-N document should be sought. </dd>
+      <dd>PROV-N uses qualified names mappable to IRIs as term identifiers. Applications interpreting data expressed in PROV-N should address the security issues of
+  <a class="norm" href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt">Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs)</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3987">RFC3987</a></cite>] Section 8, as well as
+  <a class="norm" href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt">Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3986">RFC3986</a></cite>] Section 7.</dd> 
+      <dd>Multiple IRIs may have the same appearance. Characters in different scripts may 
+look similar (a Cyrillic "о" may appear similar to a Latin "o"). A character followed 
+by combining characters may have the same visual representation as another character 
+(LATIN SMALL LETTER E followed by COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT has the same visual representation 
+as LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE).
+ 
+Any person or application that is writing or interpreting data in PROV-N must take care to use the IRI that matches the intended semantics, and avoid IRIs that make look similar.
+Further information about matching of similar characters can be found 
+in <a class="inform" href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/">Unicode Security 
+Considerations</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-UNISEC">UNISEC</a></cite>] and
+<a class="norm" href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt">Internationalized Resource 
+Identifiers (IRIs)</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3987">RFC3987</a></cite>] Section 8.
+</dd> 
+      <dd>PROV-N offers an extensibility mechanism, which in turn may introduce additional security considerations. For example, predicates in extensibility expressions use qualified names, mappable to IRIs, and appropriate security considerations for IRIs apply too.</dd>
+ 
+      <dt>Interoperability considerations:</dt> 
+      <dd>There are no known interoperability issues.</dd> 
+      <dt>Published specification:</dt> 
+      <dd>PROV-N: The Provenance Notation, Moreau, Missier, (eds), Cheney, Soiland-Reyes
+      <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-n/">http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-n/</a>, 2012.</dd> 
+      <dt>Applications which use this media type:</dt> 
+      <dd>It may be used by any application for publishing provenance information. This format is designed to be a human-readable form of provenance. </dd> 
+      <dt>Additional information:</dt> 
+      <dt>Magic number(s):</dt> 
+      <dd>PROV-N documents may have the strings 'document' near the beginning of the document.</dd> 
+      <dt>File extension(s):</dt> 
+      <dd>".provn"</dd> 
+      <dt>Base URI:</dt> 
+      <dd>There are no constructs in the PROV-N Syntax to change the Base IRI.</dd> 
+      <dt>Macintosh file type code(s):</dt> 
+      <dd>"TEXT"</dd> 
+      <dt>Person &amp; email address to contact for further information:</dt> 
+      <dd>Ivan Herman, ivan@w3.org</dd> 
+      <dt>Intended usage:</dt> 
+      <dd>COMMON</dd> 
+      <dt>Restrictions on usage:</dt> 
+      <dd>None</dd> 
+      <dt>Author/Change controller:</dt> 
+      <dd>The PROV-N specification is the product of the World Wide Web Consortium's Provenance Working Group. The <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> has change control over this specification.</dd> 
+    </dl> 
+ 
+</section>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<section class="appendix informative" id="change-log"> 
+      <h2><span class="secno">A. </span>Change Log</h2><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p> 
+
+<section id="changes-since-proposed-recommendation">
+      <h3><span class="secno"><span class="insert">A.1 </span></span><span class="insert">Changes since Proposed Recommendation</span></h3><p><em><span class="insert">This section is non-normative.</span></em></p> 
+<ul>
+<li><span class="insert"> Changed the status of this document section.
+</span></li><li><span class="insert"> Changed all URLs to  PROV documents.
+</span></li></ul>
+
+</section>
+
+
+<section class="appendix informative" id="changes-since-candidate-recommendation">
+      <h3><span class="secno"><span class="delete">A.1</span><span class="insert">A.2</span> </span>Changes since Candidate Recommendation</h3><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p> 
+
+<ul>
+<li> Checked that all fragments resolved.
+</li><li> Changed the status of this document section: added new documents to the PROV Family of Document, and removed the how to read section, referring instead to PROV-OVERVIEW.
+</li><li> Changed all URLs to  PROV documents.
+</li><li> Clarified a sentence about the (non) nesting of bundles.
+</li><li> Added html link to provenance.
+</li><li> Updated security consideration for extensibility feature of PROV-N following IANA feedback.
+</li></ul>
+</section>
+
+
+<section class="appendix informative" id="changes-since-last-call"> 
+      <h3><span class="secno"><span class="delete">A.2</span><span class="insert">A.3</span> </span>Changes since last call</h3><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p> 
+<p> Please see the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ResponsesToPublicComments">Responses to Public Comments on the Last Call Working Draft</a> for more details about the justification of these changes.</p>
+<ul>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/543">ISSUE-543</a>: Uses key-entity pair terminology for example 43.
+</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/538">ISSUE-538</a>: Rephrasing of text in example 10.
+</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/547">ISSUE-547</a>: Aligned terminology and productions with prov-constraints document, renaming 'toplevel bundle' to 'document', and renaming 'named bundle' to 'bundle'.
+</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/496">ISSUE-496</a>: For each prov-n term, added a cross-reference to corresponding prov-dm term (see table following each production). Rephrased text related to scope of a namespace declaration. Added an informative file with all productions.
+</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/573">ISSUE-573</a>: Updated Media Type section. 
+</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/589">ISSUE-589</a>: Updated scoping rule for prefix-namespace declaration. Also refrained from saying bundles are self-contained. 
+</li><li> Moved feature at Risk mention into a separate note.
+</li><li> Editorial's pass pre-publication.
+</li></ul>
+</section>
+</section>
+
+<section class="appendix informative" id="acknowledgements"> 
+      <h2><span class="secno">B. </span>Acknowledgements</h2><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p> 
+      <p> 
+
+This  document has been produced by the Provenance Working Group, and its contents reflect extensive discussion within the Working Group as a whole. The editors extend special thanks to  Sandro Hawke (<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>/<abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr>) and Ivan Herman (<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>/<abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr>), <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> contacts for the Provenance Working Group.
+      </p> 
+
+<p>
+The editors acknowledge valuable contributions from the following:
+Tom Baker,
+David Booth,
+Robert Freimuth,
+Satrajit Ghosh,
+Ralph Hodgson,
+Renato Iannella,
+Jacek Kopecky,
+James Leigh,
+Jacco van Ossenbruggen,
+Alan Ruttenberg,
+Reza Samavi, and
+Antoine Zimmermann.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Members of the Provenance Working Group at the time of publication of this document were:
+
+Ilkay Altintas (Invited expert),
+Reza B'Far (Oracle Corporation),
+Khalid Belhajjame (University of Manchester),
+James Cheney (University of Edinburgh, School of Informatics),
+Tom De Nies (iMinds - Ghent University),
+David Corsar (University of Aberdeen, Computing Science),
+Stephen Cresswell (The National Archives),
+Tom De Nies (iMinds - Ghent University),
+Helena Deus (DERI Galway at the National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland),
+Simon Dobson (Invited expert),
+Martin Doerr (Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas(FORTH)),
+Kai Eckert (Invited expert),
+Jean-Pierre EVAIN (European Broadcasting Union, EBU-UER),
+James Frew (Invited expert),
+Irini Fundulaki (Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas(FORTH)),
+Daniel Garijo (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid),
+Yolanda Gil (Invited expert),
+Ryan Golden (Oracle Corporation),
+Paul Groth (Vrije Universiteit),
+Olaf Hartig (Invited expert),
+David Hau (National Cancer Institute, NCI),
+Sandro Hawke (<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>/<abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr>),
+Jörn Hees (German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) Gmbh),
+Ivan Herman, (<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>/<abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr>),
+Ralph Hodgson (TopQuadrant),
+Hook Hua (Invited expert),
+Trung Dong Huynh (University of Southampton),
+Graham Klyne (University of Oxford),
+Michael Lang (Revelytix, Inc.),
+Timothy Lebo (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute),
+James McCusker (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute),
+Deborah McGuinness (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute),
+Simon Miles (Invited expert),
+Paolo Missier (School of Computing Science, Newcastle university),
+Luc Moreau (University of Southampton),
+James Myers (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute),
+Vinh Nguyen (Wright State University),
+Edoardo Pignotti (University of Aberdeen, Computing Science),
+Paulo da Silva Pinheiro (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute),
+Carl Reed (Open Geospatial Consortium),
+Adam Retter (Invited Expert),
+Christine Runnegar (Invited expert),
+Satya Sahoo (Invited expert),
+David Schaengold (Revelytix, Inc.),
+Daniel Schutzer (FSTC, Financial Services Technology Consortium),
+Yogesh Simmhan (Invited expert),
+Stian Soiland-Reyes (University of Manchester),
+Eric Stephan (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory),
+Linda Stewart (The National Archives),
+Ed Summers (Library of Congress),
+Maria Theodoridou (Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas(FORTH)),
+Ted Thibodeau (OpenLink Software Inc.),
+Curt Tilmes (National Aeronautics and Space Administration),
+Craig Trim (IBM Corporation),
+Stephan Zednik (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute),
+Jun Zhao (University of Oxford),
+Yuting Zhao (University of Aberdeen, Computing Science).
+</p>
+
+    </section> 
+
+
+ 
+<section id="references" class="appendix"><h2><span class="secno">C. </span>References</h2><section id="normative-references"><h3><span class="secno">C.1 </span>Normative references</h3><dl class="bibliography"><dt id="bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">[PROV-CONSTRAINTS]</dt><dd>James Cheney; Paolo Missier; Luc Moreau; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/"><cite>Constraints of the PROV Data Model</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, W3C <span class="delete">Proposed </span>Recommendation. URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-constraints-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-DM">[PROV-DM]</dt><dd>Luc Moreau; Paolo Missier; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/"><cite>PROV-DM: The PROV Data Model</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, W3C <span class="delete">Proposed </span>Recommendation. URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-dm-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-O">[PROV-O]</dt><dd>Timothy Lebo; Satya Sahoo; Deborah McGuinness; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/"><cite>PROV-O: The PROV Ontology</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, W3C <span class="delete">Proposed </span>Recommendation. URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-o-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RDF-SPARQL-QUERY">[RDF-SPARQL-QUERY]</dt><dd>Andy Seaborne; Eric Prud'hommeaux. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115"><cite>SPARQL Query Language for RDF</cite></a>. 15 January 2008. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115">http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RFC2119">[RFC2119]</dt><dd>S. Bradner. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt"><cite>Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels.</cite></a> March 1997. Internet RFC 2119.  URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt</a> 
+</dd><dt id="bib-RFC3023">[RFC3023]</dt><dd>M. Murata; S. St.Laurent; D. Kohn. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt"><cite>XML Media Types<span class="insert"> (RFC 3023)</span></cite></a>. January 2001. <span class="delete">RFC 3023.</span><span class="insert">RFC.</span> URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RFC3986">[RFC3986]</dt><dd>T. Berners-Lee; R. Fielding; L. Masinter. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt"><cite>Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax<span class="insert"> (RFC 3986)</span></cite></a>. January 2005. <span class="delete">RFC 3986.</span><span class="insert">RFC.</span> URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-RFC3987">[RFC3987]</dt><dd>M. Dürst; M. Suignard. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt"><cite>Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs)<span class="insert"> (RFC 3987)</span></cite></a>. January 2005. <span class="delete">RFC 3987.</span><span class="insert">RFC.</span> URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-UNICODE">[UNICODE]</dt><dd>The Unicode Consortium.  <a href="http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/versions/enumeratedversions.html"><cite>The Unicode Standard.</cite></a>  Defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 6.2.0, (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2012. ISBN 978-1-936213-07-8) , as updated from time to time by the publication of new versions URL: <a href="http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/versions/enumeratedversions.html">http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/versions/enumeratedversions.html</a> 
+</dd><dt id="bib-UTF-8">[UTF-8]</dt><dd>F. Yergeau. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt"><cite>UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646</cite></a>. IETF RFC 3629. November 2003. URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-XML-NAMES">[XML-NAMES]</dt><dd>Richard Tobin et al. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/"><cite>Namespaces in XML 1.0 (Third Edition)</cite></a>. 8 December 2009. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-XML11">[XML11]</dt><dd>Eve Maler et al. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816"><cite>Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1 (Second Edition)</cite></a>. 16 August 2006. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-XMLSCHEMA11-2">[XMLSCHEMA11-2]</dt><dd>Henry S. Thompson et al. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/"><cite>W3C XML Schema Definition Language (XSD) 1.1 Part 2: Datatypes</cite></a>. 5 April 2012. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/</a>
+</dd></dl></section><section id="informative-references"><h3><span class="secno">C.2 </span>Informative references</h3><dl class="bibliography"><dt id="bib-PROV-AQ">[PROV-AQ]</dt><dd>Graham Klyne; Paul Groth; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/"><cite>Provenance Access and Query</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, <span class="delete">Working Draft.</span><span class="insert">W3C Note.</span> URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-aq-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-DC">[PROV-DC]</dt><dd>Daniel Garijo; Kai Eckert; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/"><cite>Dublin Core to PROV Mapping</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, <span class="delete">Working Draft.</span><span class="insert">W3C Note.</span> URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-dc-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-DICTIONARY">[PROV-DICTIONARY]</dt><dd>Tom De Nies; Sam Coppens; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/"><cite>PROV Dictionary</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, <span class="delete">Working Draft.</span><span class="insert">W3C Note.</span> URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-dictionary-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-LINKS">[PROV-LINKS]</dt><dd>Luc Moreau; Timothy Lebo; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/"><cite>Linking Across Provenance Bundles</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, <span class="delete">Working Draft.</span><span class="insert">W3C Note.</span> URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-links-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-OVERVIEW">[PROV-OVERVIEW]</dt><dd>Paul Groth; Luc Moreau; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/"><cite>PROV-OVERVIEW: An Overview of the PROV Family of Documents</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, <span class="delete">Working Draft.</span><span class="insert">W3C Note.</span> URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-overview-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-PRIMER">[PROV-PRIMER]</dt><dd>Yolanda Gil; Simon Miles; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/"><cite>PROV Model Primer</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, <span class="delete">Working Draft.</span><span class="insert">W3C Note.</span> URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-primer-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-RDF">[PROV-RDF]</dt><dd>James Cheney <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ProvRDF"><cite>PROV-RDF Mapping </cite></a>2012, Working in Progress. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ProvRDF">http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ProvRDF</a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-SEM">[PROV-SEM]</dt><dd>James Cheney; ed. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430"><cite>Semantics of the PROV Data Model</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, <span class="delete">Working Draft.</span><span class="insert">W3C Note.</span> URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-sem-20130312</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430</span></a>.
+</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-XML">[PROV-XML]</dt><dd>Hook Hua; Curt Tilmes; Stephan Zednik; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/"><cite>PROV-XML: The PROV XML Schema</cite></a>. <span class="delete">12 March</span><span class="insert">30 April</span> 2013, <span class="delete">Working Draft.</span><span class="insert">W3C Note.</span> URL: <span class="delete">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-prov-xml-20130312/</span><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/"><span class="insert">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/</span></a>
+</dd><dt id="bib-UNISEC">[UNISEC]</dt><dd> Mark Davis; Michel Suignard. <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/"><cite>Unicode Security Considerations<cite></cite></cite></a>.  4 August 2010. URL: <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/</a>
+</dd></dl></section></section></body></html>
+

--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/model/releases/REC-prov-n-20130430/grammar.txt	Mon Apr 08 22:46:17 2013 +0100
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+
+
+
+
+[1]  document                       ::= "document" (namespaceDeclarations)? (expression)* (bundle)* "endDocument"
+
+[2]  expression                     ::= ( entityExpression | activityExpression | generationExpression | usageExpression | startExpression | endExpression | invalidationExpression | communicationExpression | agentExpression | 
+  associationExpression | attributionExpression | delegationExpression | derivationExpression | influenceExpression | alternateExpression | specializationExpression | membershipExpression | 
+                                       extensibilityExpression )
+[3]  entityExpression               ::= "entity" "(" identifier optionalAttributeValuePairs ")"
+
+[4]  optionalAttributeValuePairs    ::= ( "," "[" attributeValuePairs "]" )?
+
+[5]  attributeValuePairs            ::= ( | attributeValuePair ( "," attributeValuePair )* )
+
+[6]  attributeValuePair             ::= attribute "=" literal
+
+[7]  activityExpression             ::= "activity" "(" identifier ( "," timeOrMarker "," timeOrMarker )? optionalAttributeValuePairs ")"
+
+[8]  timeOrMarker                   ::= ( time | "-" )
+
+[9]  generationExpression           ::= "wasGeneratedBy" "(" optionalIdentifier eIdentifier ( "," aIdentifierOrMarker "," timeOrMarker )? optionalAttributeValuePairs ")"
+
+[10] optionalIdentifier             ::= ( identifierOrMarker ";" )?
+
+[11] identifierOrMarker             ::= ( identifier | "-" )
+
+[12] usageExpression                ::= "used" "(" optionalIdentifier aIdentifier ( "," eIdentifierOrMarker "," timeOrMarker )? optionalAttributeValuePairs ")"
+
+[13] communicationExpression        ::= "wasInformedBy" "(" optionalIdentifier aIdentifier "," aIdentifier optionalAttributeValuePairs ")"
+
+[14] startExpression                ::= "wasStartedBy" "(" optionalIdentifier aIdentifier ( "," eIdentifierOrMarker "," aIdentifierOrMarker "," timeOrMarker )? optionalAttributeValuePairs ")"
+
+[15] endExpression                  ::= "wasEndedBy" "(" optionalIdentifier aIdentifier ( "," eIdentifierOrMarker "," aIdentifierOrMarker "," timeOrMarker )? optionalAttributeValuePairs ")"
+
+[16] invalidationExpression         ::= "wasInvalidatedBy" "(" optionalIdentifier eIdentifier ( "," aIdentifierOrMarker "," timeOrMarker )? optionalAttributeValuePairs ")"
+
+[17] derivationExpression           ::= "wasDerivedFrom" "(" optionalIdentifier eIdentifier "," eIdentifier ( "," aIdentifierOrMarker "," gIdentifierOrMarker "," uIdentifierOrMarker )? optionalAttributeValuePairs ")"
+
+[18] agentExpression                ::= "agent" "(" identifier optionalAttributeValuePairs ")"
+
+[19] attributionExpression          ::= "wasAttributedTo" "(" optionalIdentifier eIdentifier "," agIdentifier optionalAttributeValuePairs ")"
+
+[20] associationExpression          ::= "wasAssociatedWith" "(" optionalIdentifier aIdentifier ( "," agIdentifierOrMarker "," eIdentifierOrMarker )? optionalAttributeValuePairs ")"
+
+[21] delegationExpression           ::= "actedOnBehalfOf" "(" optionalIdentifier agIdentifier "," agIdentifier ( "," aIdentifierOrMarker )? optionalAttributeValuePairs ")"
+
+[22] influenceExpression            ::= "wasInfluencedBy" "(" optionalIdentifier eIdentifier "," eIdentifier optionalAttributeValuePairs ")"
+
+[23] bundle                         ::= "bundle" identifier (namespaceDeclarations)? (expression)* "endBundle"
+
+[24] alternateExpression            ::= "alternateOf" "(" eIdentifier "," eIdentifier ")"
+
+[25] specializationExpression       ::= "specializationOf" "(" eIdentifier "," eIdentifier ")"
+
+[26] membershipExpression           ::= "hadMember" "(" cIdentifier "," eIdentifier ")"
+
+[27] eIdentifier                    ::= identifier
+
+[28] aIdentifier                    ::= identifier
+
+[29] agIdentifier                   ::= identifier
+
+[30] gIdentifier                    ::= identifier
+
+[31] uIdentifier                    ::= identifier
+
+[32] cIdentifier                    ::= identifier
+
+[33] eIdentifierOrMarker            ::= ( eIdentifier | "-" )
+
+[34] aIdentifierOrMarker            ::= ( aIdentifier | "-" )
+
+[35] agIdentifierOrMarker           ::= ( agIdentifier | "-" )
+
+[36] gIdentifierOrMarker            ::= ( gIdentifier | "-" )
+
+[37] uIdentifierOrMarker            ::= ( uIdentifier | "-" )
+
+[38] identifier                     ::= QUALIFIED_NAME
+
+[39] attribute                      ::= QUALIFIED_NAME
+
+[40] literal                        ::= typedLiteral
+  | convenienceNotation
+[41] typedLiteral                   ::= STRING_LITERAL "%%" datatype
+
+[42] datatype                       ::= QUALIFIED_NAME
+
+[43] convenienceNotation            ::= STRING_LITERAL (LANGTAG)?
+  | INT_LITERAL
+                                       | QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL
+[44] time                         ::= DATETIME
+
+[45] namespaceDeclarations          ::= ( defaultNamespaceDeclaration | namespaceDeclaration ) (namespaceDeclaration)*
+
+[46] namespaceDeclaration           ::= "prefix" PN_PREFIX namespace
+
+[47] defaultNamespaceDeclaration    ::= "default" IRI_REF
+
+[48] namespace                      ::= IRI_REF
+
+[49] extensibilityExpression        ::= QUALIFIED_NAME "(" optionalIdentifier extensibilityArgument ( "," extensibilityArgument )* optionalAttributeValuePairs ")"
+
+[50] extensibilityArgument          ::= ( identifierOrMarker | literal | time | extensibilityExpression | extensibilityTuple )
+
+[51] extensibilityTuple             ::= "{" extensibilityArgument ( "," extensibilityArgument )* "}"
+  | "(" extensibilityArgument ( "," extensibilityArgument )* ")"
+[52] <QUALIFIED_NAME>               ::= ( PN_PREFIX ":" )? PN_LOCAL
+  | PN_PREFIX ":"
+[53] <PN_LOCAL>                     ::= ( PN_CHARS_U | [0-9] | PN_CHARS_OTHERS ) ( (( PN_CHARS | "." | PN_CHARS_OTHERS )* ( PN_CHARS | PN_CHARS_OTHERS ) ))?
+
+[54] <PN_CHARS_OTHERS>              ::= "/"
+  | "@"
+                                       | "~"
+                                       | "&"
+                                       | "+"
+                                       | "*"
+                                       | "?"
+                                       | "#"
+                                       | "$"
+                                       | "!"
+                                       | PERCENT
+                                       | PN_CHARS_ESC
+[55] <PN_CHARS_ESC>                 ::= "\\" ( "=" | "'" | "(" | ")" | "," | "-" | ":" | ";" | "[" | "]" | "." )
+
+[56] <PERCENT>                      ::= "%" HEX HEX
+
+[57] <HEX>                          ::= [0-9]
+  | [A-F]
+                                       | [a-f]
+[58] <STRING_LITERAL>               ::= STRING_LITERAL2
+  | STRING_LITERAL_LONG2
+[59] <PREFX>                        ::= PN_PREFIX
+
+[60] <INT_LITERAL>                  ::= ("-")? (DIGIT)+
+
+[61] <QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL>       ::= "'" QUALIFIED_NAME "'"
+
+[62] <DIGIT>                        ::= [0-9]
+
+[63] <DATETIME>                     ::= DIGIT DIGIT DIGIT DIGIT "-" DIGIT DIGIT "-" DIGIT DIGIT "T" DIGIT DIGIT ":" DIGIT DIGIT ":" DIGIT DIGIT ( "." DIGIT (( DIGIT (DIGIT)? )? ))? (( "Z" | TIMEZONEOFFSET ))?
+
+[64] <TIMEZONEOFFSET>               ::= ( "+" | "-" ) DIGIT DIGIT ":" DIGIT DIGIT
+

--- a/model/respec2html.js	Mon Apr 08 22:25:29 2013 +0100
+++ b/model/respec2html.js	Mon Apr 08 22:46:17 2013 +0100
@@ -50,4 +50,4 @@
             }
         }, 1000);
     }
-});
\ No newline at end of file
+});

author	Luc Moreau <l.moreau@ecs.soton.ac.uk>
	Mon, 08 Apr 2013 22:46:17 +0100
changeset 6077	c2142a33726d
parent 6076	dd65ee706f66
child 6078	d714f360621e

model/Makefile
model/diff-n.html
model/prov-n.html
model/releases/REC-prov-n-20130430/Overview.html
model/releases/REC-prov-n-20130430/diff-n.html
model/releases/REC-prov-n-20130430/grammar.txt
model/respec2html.js