--- a/model/prov-n.html Tue Apr 23 11:29:20 2013 +0100
+++ b/model/prov-n.html Tue Apr 23 12:09:13 2013 +0100
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html lang="en" dir="ltr">
+ <!DOCTYPE html>
+
+<html>
<head>
<title>PROV-N: The Provenance Notation</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
-<link rel="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#has_provenance" href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/provenance/prov-n">
+<link rel="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#has_provenance" href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/provenance/prov-n"/>
<style type="text/css">
.note { font-size:small; margin-left:50px }
@@ -28,22 +29,163 @@
}
</style>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+ <script src="grammar/ll.js" class="remove"></script>
+
+ <script src="https://www.w3.org/Tools/respec/respec-w3c-common" class="remove" async></script>
+
+ <script src="https://www.w3.org/2007/OWL/toggles.js" class="remove"></script>
+
+ <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.1/jquery.min.js" class="remove"></script>
+
+ <script src="prov-magic.js" class="remove"></script>
+
+ <script src="provbib.js" class="remove"></script>
+
+
+ <script class="remove">
+function setColoredDiffs () {
+ setColoredDiffsForFile('diff-n.html');
+}
+
+ $(document).ready(function(){
+ // if grammar is in a string:
+ $('#grammar_div').html(grammar_string);
+ console.log( "updating grammar entries");
+ updateGrammarRefs();
+ updateExamplesWithLinks();
+ updateExamplesRefs();
+
+ if (typeof String.prototype.startsWith != 'function') {
+ String.prototype.startsWith = function (str) {
+ return this.indexOf(str) == 0;
+ };
+ }
+ if (typeof String.prototype.contains != 'function') {
+ String.prototype.contains = function (str) {
+ return this.indexOf(str) >= 0;
+ };
+ }
+
+ });
+
+ </script>
+
+ <script class="remove">
+ var addExtraReferences = function() {
+ for (var k in extraReferences)
+ berjon.biblio[k] = extraReferences[k];
+ };
+ var extraReferences = {
+ "PROV-RDF":
+ "James Cheney "+
+ "<a href=\"http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ProvRDF\"><cite>PROV-RDF Mapping </cite></a>"+
+ "2012, Working in Progress. "+
+ "URL: <a href=\"http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ProvRDF\">http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ProvRDF</a>",
+
+
+ "UNICODE" :
+ "The Unicode Consortium. "+
+ " <a href=\"http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/versions/enumeratedversions.html\"><cite>The Unicode Standard.</cite></a> " +
+ " Defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 6.2.0, (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2012. ISBN 978-1-936213-07-8) , as updated from time to time by the publication of new versions URL: <a href=\"http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/versions/enumeratedversions.html\">http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/versions/enumeratedversions.html</a> ",
+ "UNISEC":
+ " Mark Davis; Michel Suignard. " +
+ "<a href=\"http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/\"><cite>Unicode Security Considerations<cite></a>. " +
+ " 4 August 2010. " +
+ "URL: <a href=\"http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/\">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/</a>",
+ };
+
+ var respecConfig = {
+ // specification status (e.g. WD, LCWD, NOTE, etc.). If in doubt use ED.
+ specStatus: "REC",
+
+ // the specification's short name, as in http://www.w3.org/TR/short-name/
+ shortName: "prov-n",
+
+ // if your specification has a subtitle that goes below the main
+ // formal title, define it here
+ // subtitle : "About-to-be-frozen WD4 (for internal release)",
+ //subtitle : "<a href=\"diff-n.html\">Diffs</a> since LC Release ",
+ //subtitle: "Editor's draft since CR release",
+
+
+
+ // if you wish the publication date to be other than today, set this
+ publishDate: "2013-04-30",
+
+ // if the specification's copyright date is a range of years, specify
+ // the start date here:
+ copyrightStart: "2012",
+
+ errata: "http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/errata.html",
+
+
+ // if there is a previously published draft, uncomment this and set its YYYY-MM-DD date
+ // and its maturity status
+ //previousPublishDate: "2012-12-11",
+ previousPublishDate: "2013-03-12",
+ previousMaturity: "PR",
+
+
+ // if there a publicly available Editor's Draft, this is the link
+ //edDraftURI: "http://dvcs.w3.org/hg/prov/raw-file/default/model/prov-n.html",
+
+ implementationReportURI: "http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-implementations-20130430/",
+
+
+ // if this is a LCWD, uncomment and set the end of its review period
+ prEnd: "2013-04-09",
+ crEnd: "2013-01-31",
+ lcEnd: "2012-09-18",
+
+
+ // if you want to have extra CSS, append them to this list
+ // it is recommended that the respec.css stylesheet be kept
+ //extraCSS: ["http://dev.w3.org/2009/dap/ReSpec.js/css/respec.css"],
+ //noReSpecCSS="true",
+
+ // editors, add as many as you like
+ // only "name" is required
+ editors: [
+ { name: "Luc Moreau", url: "http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~lavm/",
+ company: "University of Southampton" },
+ { name: "Paolo Missier", url: "http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/Paolo.Missier",
+ company: "Newcastle University" },
+ ],
+
+ // authors, add as many as you like.
+ // This is optional, uncomment if you have authors as well as editors.
+ // only "name" is required. Same format as editors.
+
+ authors: [
+ { name: "James Cheney", url: "http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/jcheney/",
+ company: "University of Edinburgh" },
+
+ { name: "Stian Soiland-Reyes", url: "http://soiland-reyes.com/stian/",
+ company: "University of Manchester" }
+ ],
+
+
+ // name of the WG
+ wg: "Provenance Working Group",
+
+ // URI of the public WG page
+ wgURI: "http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/",
+
+ // name (with the @w3c.org) of the public mailing to which comments are due
+ wgPublicList: "public-prov-comments",
+
+ // URI of the patent status for this WG, for Rec-track documents
+ // !!!! IMPORTANT !!!!
+ // This is important for Rec-track documents, do not copy a patent URI from a random
+ // document unless you know what you're doing. If in doubt ask your friendly neighbourhood
+ // Team Contact.
+ wgPatentURI: "http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/46974/status",
+
+ // Add extraReferences to bibliography database
+ preProcess: [addExtraReferences, addProvReferences],
+ postProcess: [checkLinksToW3CReports, setContributors, setColoredDiffs, checkFragments],
+ };
+ </script>
<style type="text/css">
/*****************************************************************
@@ -647,199 +789,16 @@
</style>
- <style>/*****************************************************************
- * ReSpec 3 CSS
- * Robin Berjon - http://berjon.com/
- *****************************************************************/
-
-/* --- INLINES --- */
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- font-weight: bold;
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-ol.algorithm li:before { font-weight: bold; counter-increment: numsection; content: counters(numsection, ".") ") "; }
-
-/* --- TOC --- */
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-a .secno, a .figno {
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-.section dl.attrs dd, .section dl.eldef dd {
- margin-bottom: 0;
-}
-</style><link rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-REC"><!--[if lt IE 9]><script src='http://www.w3.org/2008/site/js/html5shiv.js'></script><![endif]--></head>
-
- <body><div class="head">
- <p>
-
- <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img width="72" height="48" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" alt="W3C"></a>
-
- </p>
- <h1 class="title" id="title">PROV-N: The Provenance Notation</h1>
-
- <h2 id="w3c-recommendation-30-april-2013"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Recommendation 30 April 2013</h2>
- <dl>
-
- <dt>This version:</dt>
- <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/</a></dd>
- <dt>Latest published version:</dt>
- <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-n/">http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-n/</a></dd>
-
-
-
-
- <dt>Implementation report:</dt>
- <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-implementations-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-implementations-20130430/</a></dd>
-
-
-
- <dt>Previous version:</dt>
- <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-n-20130312/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/PR-prov-n-20130312/</a> <a href="diff-n.html">(color-coded diff)</a></dd>
-
-
- <dt>Editors:</dt>
- <dd><a href="http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~lavm/">Luc Moreau</a>, University of Southampton</dd>
-<dd><a href="http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/Paolo.Missier">Paolo Missier</a>, Newcastle University</dd>
-
-
- <dt>Contributors:</dt>
- <dd><a href="http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/jcheney/">James Cheney</a>, University of Edinburgh</dd>
-<dd><a href="http://soiland-reyes.com/stian/">Stian Soiland-Reyes</a>, University of Manchester</dd>
-
-
- </dl>
-
- <p>
- Please refer to the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/errata.html">errata</a> for this document, which may include some normative corrections.
- </p>
-
-
-
- <p>
- The English version of this specification is the only normative version. Non-normative
- <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Translation/">translations</a> may also be available.
- </p>
-
-
-
- <p class="copyright">
- <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a> ©
- 2012-2013
-
- <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr></a><sup>®</sup>
- (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr></a>,
- <a href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr></a>,
- <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>, <a href="http://ev.buaa.edu.cn/">Beihang</a>), All Rights Reserved.
- <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
- <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a> and
- <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document use</a> rules apply.
- </p>
-
-
- <hr>
-</div>
- <section id="abstract" class="introductory"><h2>Abstract</h2>
+ </head>
+
+ <body>
+ <section id="abstract">
<p>
Provenance is information about entities, activities, and people
involved in producing a piece of data or thing, which can be used
to form assessments about its quality, reliability or trustworthiness.
-PROV-DM is the conceptual data model that forms a basis for the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>
+PROV-DM is the conceptual data model that forms a basis for the W3C
provenance (PROV) family of specifications.
PROV-DM distinguishes core structures, forming the essence of provenance information, from
extended structures catering for more specific uses of provenance.
@@ -858,99 +817,50 @@
</p>
<p>The <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/">PROV Document Overview</a> describes the overall state of PROV, and should be read before other PROV documents.</p>
- </section><section id="sotd" class="introductory"><h2>Status of This Document</h2>
-
-
-
- <p>
- <em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other
- documents may supersede this document. A list of current <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> publications and the latest revision
- of this technical report can be found in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> technical reports
- index</a> at http://www.w3.org/TR/.</em>
- </p>
-
-<h4 id="prov-family-of-documents">PROV Family of Documents</h4>
+ </section>
+
+<section id="sotd">
+<h4>PROV Family of Documents</h4>
This document is part of the PROV family of documents, a set of documents defining various aspects that are necessary to achieve the vision of inter-operable
-interchange of provenance information in heterogeneous environments such as the Web. These documents are listed below. Please consult the [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-OVERVIEW">PROV-OVERVIEW</a></cite>] for a guide to reading these documents.
+interchange of provenance information in heterogeneous environments such as the Web. These documents are listed below. Please consult the [[PROV-OVERVIEW]] for a guide to reading these documents.
<ul>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/">PROV-OVERVIEW</a> (Note), an overview of the PROV family of documents [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-OVERVIEW">PROV-OVERVIEW</a></cite>];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/">PROV-PRIMER</a> (Note), a primer for the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-PRIMER">PROV-PRIMER</a></cite>];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/">PROV-O</a> (Recommendation), the PROV ontology, an OWL2 ontology allowing the mapping of the PROV data model to RDF [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-O">PROV-O</a></cite>];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/">PROV-DM</a> (Recommendation), the PROV data model for provenance [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/">PROV-OVERVIEW</a> (Note), an overview of the PROV family of documents [[PROV-OVERVIEW]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/">PROV-PRIMER</a> (Note), a primer for the PROV data model [[PROV-PRIMER]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/">PROV-O</a> (Recommendation), the PROV ontology, an OWL2 ontology allowing the mapping of the PROV data model to RDF [[!PROV-O]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/">PROV-DM</a> (Recommendation), the PROV data model for provenance [[!PROV-DM]];</li>
<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/">PROV-N</a> (Recommendation), a notation for provenance aimed at human consumption (this document);</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a> (Recommendation), a set of constraints applying to the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/">PROV-XML</a> (Note), an XML schema for the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-XML">PROV-XML</a></cite>];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/">PROV-AQ</a> (Note), mechanisms for accessing and querying provenance [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-AQ">PROV-AQ</a></cite>]; </li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/">PROV-DICTIONARY</a> (Note) introduces a specific type of collection, consisting of key-entity pairs [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DICTIONARY">PROV-DICTIONARY</a></cite>];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/">PROV-DC</a> (Note) provides a mapping between PROV-O and Dublin Core Terms [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DC">PROV-DC</a></cite>];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430/">PROV-SEM</a> (Note), a declarative specification in terms of first-order logic of the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-SEM">PROV-SEM</a></cite>];</li>
-<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/">PROV-LINKS</a> (Note) introduces a mechanism to link across bundles [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-LINKS">PROV-LINKS</a></cite>].</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a> (Recommendation), a set of constraints applying to the PROV data model [[!PROV-CONSTRAINTS]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/">PROV-XML</a> (Note), an XML schema for the PROV data model [[PROV-XML]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/">PROV-AQ</a> (Note), mechanisms for accessing and querying provenance [[PROV-AQ]]; </li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/">PROV-DICTIONARY</a> (Note) introduces a specific type of collection, consisting of key-entity pairs [[PROV-DICTIONARY]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/">PROV-DC</a> (Note) provides a mapping between PROV-O and Dublin Core Terms [[PROV-DC]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430/">PROV-SEM</a> (Note), a declarative specification in terms of first-order logic of the PROV data model [[PROV-SEM]];</li>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/">PROV-LINKS</a> (Note) introduces a mechanism to link across bundles [[PROV-LINKS]].</li>
</ul>
-<h4 id="endorsed-by-w3c">Endorsed By <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr></h4>
-
-<p>This document has been reviewed by <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Members, by software developers, and by other <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> groups and interested parties, and is endorsed by the Director as a <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Recommendation. It is a stable document and may be used as reference material or cited from another document. <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>'s role in making the Recommendation is to draw attention to the specification and to promote its widespread deployment. This enhances the functionality and interoperability of the Web.</p>
-
-<h4 id="please-send-comments">Please Send Comments</h4>
-
- <p>
- This document was published by the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/">Provenance Working Group</a> as a Recommendation.
-
-
- If you wish to make comments regarding this document, please send them to
- <a href="mailto:public-prov-comments@w3.org">public-prov-comments@w3.org</a>
- (<a href="mailto:public-prov-comments-request@w3.org?subject=subscribe">subscribe</a>,
- <a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-prov-comments/">archives</a>).
-
-
-
-
- All comments are welcome.
-
-
-
- </p><p>
-
- This document was produced by a group operating under the
- <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February 2004 <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Patent Policy</a>.
-
-
-
-
- <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> maintains a <a href="http://www.w3.org/2004/01/pp-impl/46974/status" rel="disclosure">public list of any patent disclosures</a>
-
- made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for
- disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains
- <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential Claim(s)</a> must disclose the
- information in accordance with <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section
- 6 of the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Patent Policy</a>.
-
-
- </p>
-
-
-
-
-</section><section id="toc"><h2 class="introductory">Table of Contents</h2><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#introduction" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#purpose" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.1 </span>Purpose of this Document and Target Audience</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#compliance-with-this-document" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.2 </span>Compliance with this Document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#structure-of-this-document" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.3 </span>Structure of this Document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#notational-conventions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1.4 </span>Notational Conventions</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#general-conventions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2. </span>General grammar considerations</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#functional-syntax" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.1 </span>Functional-style Syntax</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#grammar-notation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.2 </span>EBNF Grammar</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#main-productions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.3 </span>Main Productions</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#prov-n-optionals" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.4 </span>Optional terms in expressions</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#prov-n-standard-terms" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.5 </span>Identifiers and attributes</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#comments" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2.6 </span>Comments</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#prov-n-expressions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3. </span>PROV-N Productions per Component</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#component1" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1 </span>Component 1: Entities and Activities</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Entity" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.1 </span>Entity</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Activity" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.2 </span>Activity</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Generation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.3 </span>Generation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Usage" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.4 </span>Usage</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-wasInformedBy" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.5 </span>Communication</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Start" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.6 </span>Start</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-End" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.7 </span>End</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Invalidation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.1.8 </span>Invalidation</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component2" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2 </span>Component 2: Derivations</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#Derivation-Relation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.1 </span>Derivation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Revision" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.2 </span>Revision</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-quotation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.3 </span>Quotation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-primary-source" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.2.4 </span>Primary Source</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component3" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3 </span>Component 3: Agents, Responsibility, and Influence</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Agent" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.1 </span>Agent</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-attribution" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.2 </span>Attribution</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Association" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.3 </span>Association</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-delegation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.4 </span>Delegation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-influence" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.3.5 </span>Influence</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component4" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.4 </span>Component 4: Bundles</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-bundle-constructor" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.4.1 </span>Bundle Constructor</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-bundle-type" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.4.2 </span>Bundle Type</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component5" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.5 </span>Component 5: Alternate Entities</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-alternate" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.5.1 </span>Alternate</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-specialization" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.5.2 </span>Specialization</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#component6" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.6 </span>Component 6: Collections</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-collection" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.6.1 </span>Collection</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-collection-membership" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.6.2 </span>Membership</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#subexpressions" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7 </span>Further Expressions</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-identifier" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.1 </span>Identifier</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-attribute" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.2 </span>Attribute</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-literal" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.3 </span>Literal</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-types" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.3.1 </span>Reserved Type Values</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-Time" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.3.2 </span>Time Values</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#expression-NamespaceDeclaration" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.4 </span>Namespace Declaration</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#semantic-rules-summary" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3.7.5 </span>Summary of additional semantic rules</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#document" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4. </span>Document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#extensibility" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5. </span>Extensibility</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#media-type" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">6. </span>Media Type</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#change-log" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A. </span>Change Log</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#changes-since-proposed-recommendation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A.1 </span>Changes since Proposed Recommendation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#changes-since-candidate-recommendation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A.2 </span>Changes since Candidate Recommendation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#changes-since-last-call" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A.3 </span>Changes since last call</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#acknowledgements" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B. </span>Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">C. </span>References</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="#normative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">C.1 </span>Normative references</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="#informative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">C.2 </span>Informative references</a></li></ul></li></ul></section>
-
-
+<h4>Endorsed By W3C</h4>
+
+<p>This document has been reviewed by W3C Members, by software developers, and by other W3C groups and interested parties, and is endorsed by the Director as a W3C Recommendation. It is a stable document and may be used as reference material or cited from another document. W3C's role in making the Recommendation is to draw attention to the specification and to promote its widespread deployment. This enhances the functionality and interoperability of the Web.</p>
+
+<h4>Please Send Comments</h4>
+</section>
<section id="introduction">
-<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction</h2>
+<h2>Introduction</h2>
<p> Provenance is a record that describes the people,
institutions, entities, and activities, involved in producing,
influencing, or delivering a piece of data or a thing in the world. Two
companion specifications respectively define PROV-DM, a data model for
-provenance, allowing provenance descriptions to be expressed [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>] and a set of constraints that provenance descriptions are expected to satisfy [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>].
+provenance, allowing provenance descriptions to be expressed [[!PROV-DM]] and a set of constraints that provenance descriptions are expected to satisfy [[!PROV-CONSTRAINTS]].
</p>
<section id="purpose">
-<h3><span class="secno">1.1 </span>Purpose of this Document and Target Audience</h3>
+<h2>Purpose of this Document and Target Audience</h2>
A key goal of PROV is the specification of a machine-processable data model for provenance. However, communicating provenance between humans is also important when teaching, illustrating, formalizing, and discussing provenance-related issues.
@@ -960,51 +870,51 @@
<ul>
<li>Technology independence. PROV-N provides a simple syntax that can be mapped to several technologies.
-</li><li>Human readability. PROV-N follows a functional syntax style that is meant to be easily human-readable so it can be used in illustrative examples, such as those presented in the PROV documents suite.
-
-</li><li>Formality. PROV-N is defined through a formal grammar amenable to be used with parser generators.
-
- </li></ul>
+<li>Human readability. PROV-N follows a functional syntax style that is meant to be easily human-readable so it can be used in illustrative examples, such as those presented in the PROV documents suite
+
+<li>Formality. PROV-N is defined through a formal grammar amenable to be used with parser generators.
+
+ </ul>
PROV-N has several known uses:
<ul>
-<li> It is the notation used in the examples found in [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>], as well as in the definition of PROV constraints [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>]; </li>
-<li> It is a source language for the encoding of PROV data model instances into a variety of target languages, including amongst others RDF [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-RDF">PROV-RDF</a></cite>] and XML [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-XML">PROV-XML</a></cite>]; </li>
-<li> It provides the basis for a formal semantics of the PROV data model [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-SEM">PROV-SEM</a></cite>], in which an interpretation is given to each element of the PROV-N language.
-</li></ul>
+<li> It is the notation used in the examples found in [[PROV-DM]], as well as in the definition of PROV constraints [[PROV-CONSTRAINTS]]; </li>
+<li> It is a source language for the encoding of PROV data model instances into a variety of target languages, including amongst others RDF [[PROV-RDF]] and XML [[PROV-XML]]; </li>
+<li> It provides the basis for a formal semantics of the PROV data model [[PROV-SEM]], in which an interpretation is given to each element of the PROV-N language.
+</ul>
<p>This document introduces the PROV-N grammar along with examples of its usage.</p>
<p>Its target audience is twofold:
-</p><ul>
+<ul>
<li>Developers of provenance management applications, as well as implementors of new PROV data model encodings, and thus in particular of PROV-N parsers. These readers may be interested in the entire structure of the grammar, starting from the top level nonterminal
<code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-document">document</a></code>.</li>
-<li>Readers of the [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>] and of [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">PROV-CONSTRAINTS</a></cite>] documents, who are interested in the details of the formal language underpinning the notation used in the examples and in the definition of the constraints. Those readers may find the <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code> nonterminal a useful entry point into the grammar.</li>
+<li>Readers of the [[PROV-DM]] and of [[PROV-CONSTRAINTS]] documents, who are interested in the details of the formal language underpinning the notation used in the examples and in the definition of the constraints. Those readers may find the <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code> nonterminal a useful entry point into the grammar.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="compliance-with-this-document">
-<h3><span class="secno">1.2 </span>Compliance with this Document</h3>
+<h3>Compliance with this Document</h3>
<p>For the purpose of compliance, all sections of this document are normative, except
<a href="#change-log">Appendix A</a>,
<a href="#acknowledgements">Appendix B</a>, and
<a href="#informative-references">Appendix C.2</a>.
-</p><ul>
+<ul>
<li> Information in tables is normative. </li>
<li> Text in boxes labeled "Example" is informative.
-</li><li> Productions (displayed in boxes) are normative, as opposed to the separate <a href="grammar.txt">file</a> grouping all productions for convenience of programmers, which is informative.
-</li></ul>
+<li> Productions (displayed in boxes) are normative, as opposed to the separate <a href="grammar.txt">file</a> grouping all productions for convenience of programmers, which is informative.
+</ul>
</section>
<section id="structure-of-this-document">
-<h3><span class="secno">1.3 </span>Structure of this Document</h3>
+<h3>Structure of this Document</h3>
<p>This document is structured as follows.
-</p><p><a href="#general-conventions">Section 2</a> provides general consideration about the PROV-N grammar.</p>
+<p><a href="#general-conventions">Section 2</a> provides general consideration about the PROV-N grammar.</p>
<p><a href="#prov-n-expressions">Section 3</a> presents the grammar of all expressions of the language grouped according to the PROV data model components.</p>
@@ -1019,14 +929,13 @@
<section id="notational-conventions">
- <h3><span class="secno">1.4 </span>Notational Conventions</h3>
-
-
-<p>The key words "<em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="MUST NOT">MUST NOT</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="REQUIRED">REQUIRED</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="SHALL">SHALL</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="SHALL
- NOT">SHALL
- NOT</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="SHOULD">SHOULD</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="SHOULD NOT">SHOULD NOT</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="RECOMMENDED">RECOMMENDED</em>", "<em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em>", and
- "<em class="rfc2119" title="OPTIONAL">OPTIONAL</em>" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
- [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC2119">RFC2119</a></cite>].</p>
+ <h3>Notational Conventions</h3>
+
+
+<p>The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL
+ NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
+ "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
+ [[!RFC2119]].</p>
@@ -1034,14 +943,14 @@
<p>
The following namespaces prefixes are used throughout this document.
-</p><div style="text-align: left;">
+<div style="text-align: left;">
<table border="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
<caption id="namespace-table">Table 1: Prefix and Namespaces used in this specification</caption>
-<tbody><tr><td><b>prefix</b></td><td><b>namespace uri</b></td> <td><b>definition</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>prefix</b></td><td><b>namespace uri</b></td> <td><b>definition</b></td></tr>
<tr><td>prov</td><td>http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#</td><td>The PROV namespace (see Section <a href="#expression-NamespaceDeclaration">3.7.4</a>)</td></tr>
-<tr><td>xsd</td><td>http://www.w3.org/2000/10/XMLSchema#</td><td>XML Schema Namespace [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-XMLSCHEMA11-2">XMLSCHEMA11-2</a></cite>]</td></tr>
-<tr><td>(others)</td><td>(various)</td><td>All other namespace prefixes are used in examples only. <br> In particular, URIs starting with "http://example.com" represent<br> some application-dependent URI [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3986">RFC3986</a></cite>]</td></tr>
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td>xsd</td><td>http://www.w3.org/2000/10/XMLSchema#</td><td>XML Schema Namespace [[!XMLSCHEMA11-2]]</td></tr>
+<tr><td>(others)</td><td>(various)</td><td>All other namespace prefixes are used in examples only. <br/> In particular, URIs starting with "http://example.com" represent<br/> some application-dependent URI [[!RFC3986]]</td></tr>
+</table>
</div>
</section>
@@ -1049,54 +958,59 @@
</section>
<section id="general-conventions">
-<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">2. </span>General grammar considerations</h2>
+<h3>General grammar considerations</h3>
<p>For convenience, all productions presented in this document have been grouped in a
separate <a href="grammar.txt">file</a>.</p>
<section id="functional-syntax">
-<h3><span class="secno">2.1 </span>Functional-style Syntax</h3>
+<h3>Functional-style Syntax</h3>
<p> PROV-N adopts a functional-style syntax consisting of a predicate name and an ordered list of terms.</p>
<p>
All PROV data model types have an identifier. Furthermore, some expressions also admit additional elements that further characterize it. </p>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_1"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_1">Example 1</a></div>
+<div class="anexample">
<p>The following expression should be read as "entity <span class="name">e1</span>".
-</p><pre class="codeexample">entity(e1)
+<pre class="codeexample" >
+entity(e1)
</pre>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_2"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_2">Example 2</a></div>
+<div class="anexample">
<p>The following expression should be read as "activity <span class="name">a2</span>, which occurred
between <code>2011-11-16T16:00:00</code> and <code>2011-11-16T16:00:01</code>".
-</p><pre class="codeexample">entity(e1)
+<pre class="codeexample" >
+entity(e1)
activity(a2, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, 2011-11-16T16:00:01)
</pre>
</div>
<p>
All PROV data model relations involve two primary elements, the <em>subject</em> and the <em>object</em>, in this order. Furthermore, some expressions also admit additional elements that further characterize it.
-</p><div class="anexample" id="example_3"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_3">Example 3</a></div>
+<div class="anexample">
<p>The following expression should be read as "<span class="name">e2</span> was derived from <span class="name">e1</span>". Here <span class="name">e2</span> is the subject, and <span class="name">e1</span> is the object.
-</p><pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
+<pre class="codeexample" >
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
</pre>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_4"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_4">Example 4</a></div>
+<div class="anexample">
<p>The following expression expands the above derivation relation by providing
additional elements the optional activity <span class="name">a</span>, the generation <span class="name">g2</span>, and the usage <span class="name">u1</span>:
-</p><pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+<pre class="codeexample" >
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
</pre>
</div>
</section>
<section id="grammar-notation">
-<h3><span class="secno">2.2 </span>EBNF Grammar</h3>
+<h3>EBNF Grammar</h3>
<p>The grammar is specified using a subset of the Extended Backus-Naur
Form (EBNF) notation, as defined in Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1
-[<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-XML11">XML11</a></cite>] section <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816/#sec-notation">6
+[[!XML11]] section <a
+href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816/#sec-notation">6
Notation</a>.
</p>
@@ -1106,20 +1020,20 @@
<p>
- EBNF specifies a series of production rules (<dfn id="dfn-production">production</dfn>).
+ EBNF specifies a series of production rules (<dfn>production</dfn>).
A production rule in the grammar defines a symbol
- <code class="grammarRef">expr</code> (<dfn id="dfn-nonterminal-symbol">nonterminal symbol</dfn>)
+ <code class="grammarRef">expr</code> (<dfn>nonterminal symbol</dfn>)
using the following form:</p>
-<div class="grammar">
+<div class='grammar'>
<code class="grammarRef">expr</code> ::= <em>term</em>
</div>
<p>Symbols are written with an initial capital letter if they are the start symbol of a regular language, otherwise with an initial lowercase letter.
A production rule in the grammar defines a symbol
- <code class="grammarRef"><TERMINAL></code> (<dfn id="dfn-terminal-symbol">terminal symbol</dfn>)
+ <code class="grammarRef"><TERMINAL></code> (<dfn>terminal symbol</dfn>)
using the following form:</p>
-<div class="grammar">
+<div class='grammar'>
<code class="grammarRef"><TERMINAL></code> ::= <em>term</em>
</div>
@@ -1129,7 +1043,7 @@
<p>Within the term on the right-hand side of a rule, the following
<em>term</em>s are used to match strings of one or more characters:
-</p><ul>
+<ul>
<li>
<code class="grammarRef">expr</code>: matches production for nonterminal symbol <code class="grammarRef">expr</code>
</li>
@@ -1163,12 +1077,12 @@
</ul>
-<p>Where suitable, the PROV-N grammar reuses production and terminal names of the SPARQL grammar [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF-SPARQL-QUERY">RDF-SPARQL-QUERY</a></cite>].</p>
+<p>Where suitable, the PROV-N grammar reuses production and terminal names of the SPARQL grammar [[!RDF-SPARQL-QUERY]].</p>
</section>
<section id="main-productions">
-<h3><span class="secno">2.3 </span>Main Productions</h3>
+<h3>Main Productions</h3>
<p>Two productions are entry points to the grammar.</p>
@@ -1178,8 +1092,8 @@
-</p><table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-expression" data-name="prod-expression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">2</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">expression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-activityExpression">activityExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-generationExpression">generationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-usageExpression">usageExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-startExpression">startExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-endExpression">endExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-invalidationExpression">invalidationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-communicationExpression">communicationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agentExpression">agentExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-associationExpression">associationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attributionExpression">attributionExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-delegationExpression">delegationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-derivationExpression">derivationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-influenceExpression">influenceExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-alternateExpression">alternateExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-specializationExpression">specializationExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-membershipExpression">membershipExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></span> )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-expression"></tbody>
</table>
@@ -1194,19 +1108,21 @@
<section id="prov-n-optionals">
-<h3><span class="secno">2.4 </span>Optional terms in expressions</h3>
+<h3>Optional terms in expressions</h3>
Some terms in an expression may be optional. For example:
-<div class="anexample" id="example_5"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_5">Example 5</a></div>
-<pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+<div class="anexample">
+<pre class="codeexample" >
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
</pre>
In a derivation expression, the activity, generation, and usage are optional terms. They are specified in the first derivation, but not in the second.
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_6"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_6">Example 6</a></div>
-<pre class="codeexample">activity(a2, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, 2011-11-16T16:00:01)
+<div class="anexample">
+<pre class="codeexample" >
+activity(a2, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, 2011-11-16T16:00:01)
activity(a1)
</pre>
The start and end times for an activity are optional. They are specified in the first expression, but not in the second.
@@ -1215,17 +1131,19 @@
<p>The general rule for optionals is that, if <em>none</em> of the optionals are used in the expression, then they are simply omitted, resulting in a simpler expression as in the examples above.</p>
However, it may be the case that only some of the optional terms are omitted. Because the position of the terms in the expression matters, an additional marker must be used to indicate that a particular term is not available. The symbol <span class="name">'-'</span> is used for this purpose.
-<div class="anexample" id="example_7"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_7">Example 7</a></div>
+<div class="anexample">
<p>In the first expression below, all optionals are specified. However in the second and third, only one optional is specified, forcing the use of the marker for the missing terms.
-</p><pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
+<pre class="codeexample" >
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, -, -, u1)
wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, -, -)
</pre>
</div>
Note that the more succinct form is just shorthand for a complete expression with all the markers specified:
-<div class="anexample" id="example_8"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_8">Example 8</a></div>
-<pre class="codeexample">activity(a1)
+<div class="anexample">
+<pre class="codeexample" >
+activity(a1)
activity(a1, -, -)
</pre>
</div>
@@ -1234,14 +1152,15 @@
</section>
<section id="prov-n-standard-terms">
-<h3><span class="secno">2.5 </span>Identifiers and attributes</h3>
+<h3>Identifiers and attributes</h3>
<p>Almost all expressions defined in the grammar include an identifier (see <a href="#expression-identifier">Section 3.7.1</a> for the full syntax of identifiers). Most expressions
-can also include a set of attribute-value pairs, delimited by square brackets. Identifiers are optional except for Entities, Activities, and Agents. Identifiers are always the first term in any expression. <em>Optional</em> identifiers <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be separated using a semi-colon ';', but where the identifiers are required, a regular comma ',' <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be used. This makes it possible to completely omit an optional identifier with no ambiguity arising. Also, if the set of attribute-value pairs is present, it is always the last term in any expression.</p>
-
-<div class="anexample" id="example_9"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_9">Example 9</a></div>
+can also include a set of attribute-value pairs, delimited by square brackets. Identifiers are optional except for Entities, Activites, and Agents. Identifiers are always the first term in any expression. <em>Optional</em> identifiers MUST be separated using a semi-colon ';', but where the identifiers are required, a regular comma ',' MUST be used. This makes it possible to completely omit an optional identifier with no ambiguity arising. Also, if the set of attribute-value pairs is present, it is always the last term in any expression.</p>
+
+<div class="anexample">
<p>Derivation has an optional identifier. In the first expression, the identifier is not available, while it is explicit in the second. The third example shows that one can optionally indicate the missing identifier using the <span class="name">-</span> marker. This is equivalent to the first expression. </p>
-<pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
+<pre class="codeexample" >
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1)
wasDerivedFrom(-; e2, e1)
</pre>
@@ -1251,11 +1170,12 @@
<!-- Expressions with no attributes A distinction is made between expressions with no attributes, and expressions that include an empty list of attributes. -->
-<div class="anexample" id="example_10"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_10">Example 10</a></div>
+<div class="anexample">
<p>The first and second activity expressions do not specify any attributes, and are equivalent.
<!-- does not have any attributes. The second has an empty list of attributes. -->
The third activity expression specifies two attributes.
-</p><pre class="codeexample">activity(ex:a1)
+<pre class="codeexample" >
+activity(ex:a1)
activity(ex:a1, [])
activity(ex:a1, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
</pre>
@@ -1263,16 +1183,16 @@
</section>
-<section id="comments">
-<h3><span class="secno">2.6 </span>Comments</h3>
+<section>
+<h3>Comments</h3>
Comments in PROV-N take two forms:
<ul>
<li> '//' outside an <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></code> or <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></code>; such comments continue to the end of line (marked by characters U+000D or U+000A) or end of file if there is no end of line after the comment marker.
-</li><li> '/*' ... '*/', outside an <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></code> or <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></code>.
-</li></ul>
+<li> '/*' ... '*/', outside an <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></code> or <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></code>.
+</ul>
<p>Comments are treated as white space.</p>
</section>
@@ -1280,44 +1200,46 @@
</section>
<section id="prov-n-expressions">
-<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">3. </span>PROV-N Productions per Component</h2>
+<h2>PROV-N Productions per Component</h2>
<p>This section introduces grammar productions for each expression, followed by small examples of expressions illustrating the grammar. Strings conforming to the grammar are valid expressions in the PROV-N language.</p>
<section id="component1">
-<h3><span class="secno">3.1 </span>Component 1: Entities and Activities</h3>
+<h3>Component 1: Entities and Activities</h3>
<section id="expression-Entity">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.1.1 </span>Entity</h4>
+<h4>Entity</h4>
<p>
-</p><table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-entityExpression" data-name="prod-entityExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">3</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">entityExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"entity" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs" data-name="prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs"></a>[<span class="prodNo">4</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">optionalAttributeValuePairs</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">( "," "[" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attributeValuePairs">attributeValuePairs</a></span> "]" )?</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-attributeValuePairs" data-name="prod-attributeValuePairs"></a>[<span class="prodNo">5</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">attributeValuePairs</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">( | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attributeValuePair">attributeValuePair</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attributeValuePair">attributeValuePair</a></span> )* )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-attributeValuePair" data-name="prod-attributeValuePair"></a>[<span class="prodNo">6</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">attributeValuePair</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-attribute">attribute</a></span> "=" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-literal">literal</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<table class="grammar">
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-entityExpression"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-attributeValuePairs"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-attributeValuePair"></tbody>
</table>
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Entity maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-entity">Entity</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-entity">Entity</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#entity.id"><span class="attribute" id="entity.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#entity.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="entity.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#entity.id"><span class='attribute' id="entity.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#entity.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="entity.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</table>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_11"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_11">Example 11</a></div>
-<pre class="codeexample">entity(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, [ prov:type="document" ])
+<div class="anexample">
+<pre class="codeexample">
+entity(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, [ prov:type="document" ])
</pre>
Here <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is the entity identifier, and <span class="name">[ prov:type="document" ]</span> groups the optional attributes, only one in this example, with their values.
- <pre class="codeexample"><!-- entity(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, [ prov:type="document", ex:version=2 ]) -->
+ <pre class="codeexample">
+<!-- entity(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, [ prov:type="document", ex:version=2 ]) -->
entity(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215)
</pre>
Here, the optional attributes are absent.
@@ -1327,40 +1249,42 @@
</section>
<section id="expression-Activity">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.1.2 </span>Activity</h4>
+<h4>Activity</h4>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-activityExpression" data-name="prod-activityExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">7</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">activityExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"activity" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-timeOrMarker" data-name="prod-timeOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">8</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">timeOrMarker</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-time">time</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-activityExpression"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-timeOrMarker"></tbody>
</table>
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Activity maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-activity">Activity</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-activity">Activity</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.id"><span class="attribute" id="activity.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.startTime"><span class="attribute" id="activity.startTime">startTime</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.endTime"><span class="attribute" id="activity.endTime">endTime</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="activity.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.id"><span class='attribute' id="activity.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.startTime"><span class='attribute' id="activity.startTime">startTime</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.endTime"><span class='attribute' id="activity.endTime">endTime</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#activity.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="activity.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</table>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_12"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_12">Example 12</a></div>
-<pre class="codeexample">activity(ex:a10, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, 2011-11-16T16:00:01, [prov:type="createFile"])
+<div class="anexample">
+<pre class="codeexample">
+activity(ex:a10, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, 2011-11-16T16:00:01, [prov:type="createFile"])
</pre>
<p>Here <span class="name">ex:a10</span> is the activity identifier, <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> and <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:01</span> are the optional start and end times for the activity, and <span class="name">[prov:type="createFile"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
-<pre class="codeexample">activity(ex:a10)
+<pre class="codeexample">
+activity(ex:a10)
activity(ex:a10, -, -)
activity(ex:a10, -, -, [prov:type="edit"])
activity(ex:a10, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
@@ -1373,7 +1297,7 @@
</section>
<section id="expression-Generation">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.1.3 </span>Generation</h4>
+<h4>Generation</h4>
@@ -1382,37 +1306,39 @@
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-generationExpression" data-name="prod-generationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">9</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">generationExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"wasGeneratedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-optionalIdentifier" data-name="prod-optionalIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">10</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">optionalIdentifier</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifierOrMarker">identifierOrMarker</a></span> ";" )?</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-identifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-identifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">11</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">identifierOrMarker</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-generationExpression"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-optionalIdentifier"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-identifierOrMarker"></tbody>
</table>
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Generation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasgeneratedby">Generation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasgeneratedby">Generation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.id"><span class="attribute" id="generation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.entity"><span class="attribute" id="generation.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.activity"><span class="attribute" id="generation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.time"><span class="attribute" id="generation.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="generation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.id"><span class='attribute' id="generation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.entity"><span class='attribute' id="generation.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.activity"><span class='attribute' id="generation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.time"><span class='attribute' id="generation.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="generation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</table>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_13"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_13">Example 13</a></div>
-
-<pre class="codeexample">wasGeneratedBy(ex:g1; tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:fct="save"])
+<div class="anexample">
+
+<pre class="codeexample">
+wasGeneratedBy(ex:g1; tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:fct="save"])
</pre>
<p> Here <span class="name">ex:g1</span> is the optional generation identifier, <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is the identifier of the entity being generated,
<span class="name">ex:edit1</span> is the optional identifier of the generating activity, <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional generation time, and <span class="name"> [ex:fct="save"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
-<pre class="codeexample">wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1, -)
+<pre class="codeexample">
+wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1, -)
wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1, -, [ex:fct="save"])
wasGeneratedBy(e2, [ex:fct="save"])
@@ -1432,39 +1358,41 @@
</section>
<section id="expression-Usage">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.1.4 </span>Usage</h4>
+<h4>Usage</h4>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-usageExpression" data-name="prod-usageExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">12</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">usageExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"used" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-usageExpression"></tbody>
</table>
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Usage maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-used">Usage</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-used">Usage</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.id"><span class="attribute" id="usage.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.activity"><span class="attribute" id="usage.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.entity"><span class="attribute" id="usage.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.time"><span class="attribute" id="usage.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="usage.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.id"><span class='attribute' id="usage.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.activity"><span class='attribute' id="usage.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr><tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.entity"><span class='attribute' id="usage.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.time"><span class='attribute' id="usage.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="usage.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</table>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_14"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_14">Example 14</a></div>
+<div class="anexample">
-<pre class="codeexample">used(ex:u1; ex:act2, ar3:0111, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:fct="load"])
+<pre class="codeexample">
+used(ex:u1; ex:act2, ar3:0111, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:fct="load"])
</pre>
<p> Here <span class="name">ex:u1</span> is the optional usage identifier, <span class="name">ex:act2</span> is the identifier of the using activity,
<span class="name">ar3:0111</span> is the identifier of the entity being used,
<span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional usage time, and <span class="name"> [ex:fct="load"]</span> are optional attributes.</p>
The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
- <pre class="codeexample">used(ex:act2)
+ <pre class="codeexample">
+used(ex:act2)
used(ex:act2, ar3:0111, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
used(a1,e1, -, [ex:fct="load"])
used(ex:u1; ex:act2, ar3:0111, -)
@@ -1478,11 +1406,11 @@
</section>
<section id="expression-wasInformedBy">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.1.5 </span>Communication</h4>
+<h4>Communication</h4>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-communicationExpression" data-name="prod-communicationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">13</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">communicationExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"wasInformedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-communicationExpression"></tbody>
</table>
@@ -1490,29 +1418,31 @@
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Communication maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinformedby">Communication</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinformedby">Communication</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.id"><span class="attribute" id="communication.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.informed"><span class="attribute" id="communication.informed">informed</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.informant"><span class="attribute" id="communication.informant">informant</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="communication.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.id"><span class='attribute' id="communication.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.informed"><span class='attribute' id="communication.informed">informed</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.informant"><span class='attribute' id="communication.informant">informant</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#communication.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="communication.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</table>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_15"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_15">Example 15</a></div>
-<pre class="codeexample">wasInformedBy(ex:inf1; ex:a1, ex:a2, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+<div class="anexample">
+<pre class="codeexample">
+wasInformedBy(ex:inf1; ex:a1, ex:a2, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
</pre>
<p> Here <span class="name">ex:inf1</span> is the optional communication identifier, <span class="name">ex:a1</span> is the identifier of the informed activity,
<span class="name">ex:a2</span> is the identifier of the informant activity,
and <span class="name">[ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
-<pre class="codeexample">wasInformedBy(ex:a1, ex:a2)
+<pre class="codeexample">
+wasInformedBy(ex:a1, ex:a2)
wasInformedBy(ex:a1, ex:a2, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
-wasInformedBy(ex:i; ex:a1, ex:a2)
-wasInformedBy(ex:i; ex:a1, ex:a2, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+wasInformedBy(i; ex:a1, ex:a2)
+wasInformedBy(i; ex:a1, ex:a2, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
</pre>
</div>
</section>
@@ -1520,43 +1450,45 @@
<section id="expression-Start">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.1.6 </span>Start</h4>
+<h4>Start</h4>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-startExpression" data-name="prod-startExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">14</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">startExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"wasStartedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-startExpression"></tbody>
</table>
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Start maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasstartedby">Start</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasstartedby">Start</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.id"><span class="attribute" id="start.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.activity"><span class="attribute" id="start.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.trigger"><span class="attribute" id="start.trigger">trigger</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.starter"><span class="attribute" id="start.starter">starter</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.time"><span class="attribute" id="start.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="start.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.id"><span class='attribute' id="start.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.activity"><span class='attribute' id="start.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.trigger"><span class='attribute' id="start.trigger">trigger</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.starter"><span class='attribute' id="start.starter">starter</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.time"><span class='attribute' id="start.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="start.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</table>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_16"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_16">Example 16</a></div>
-
- <pre class="codeexample">wasStartedBy(start; ex:act2, ex:trigger, ex:act1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:param="a"])
+<div class="anexample">
+
+ <pre class="codeexample">
+wasStartedBy(start; ex:act2, ex:trigger, ex:act1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:param="a"])
</pre>
<p>Here <span class="name">start</span> is the optional start identifier, <span class="name">ex:act2</span> is the identifier of the started activity,
<span class="name">ex:trigger</span> is the optional identifier for the entity that triggered the activity start,
<span class="name">ex:act1</span> is the optional identifier for the activity that generated the (possibly unspecified) entity <span class="name">ex:trigger</span>,
- <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional start time, and <span class="name"> [ex:param="a"]</span> is a list of optional attributes.</p>
+ <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional start time, and <span class="name"> [ex:param="a"]</span> are optional attributes.</p>
The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
- <pre class="codeexample">wasStartedBy(ex:act2, -, ex:act1, -)
+ <pre class="codeexample">
+wasStartedBy(ex:act2, -, ex:act1, -)
wasStartedBy(ex:act2, -, ex:act1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
wasStartedBy(ex:act2, -, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
wasStartedBy(ex:act2, [ex:param="a"])
@@ -1571,44 +1503,46 @@
</section>
<section id="expression-End">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.1.7 </span>End</h4>
+<h4>End</h4>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-endExpression" data-name="prod-endExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">15</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">endExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"wasEndedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-endExpression"></tbody>
</table>
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM End maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasendedby">End</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasendedby">End</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.id"><span class="attribute" id="end.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.activity"><span class="attribute" id="end.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.trigger"><span class="attribute" id="end.trigger">trigger</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.ender"><span class="attribute" id="end.ender">ender</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.time"><span class="attribute" id="end.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="end.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.id"><span class='attribute' id="end.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.activity"><span class='attribute' id="end.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.trigger"><span class='attribute' id="end.trigger">trigger</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.ender"><span class='attribute' id="end.ender">ender</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.time"><span class='attribute' id="end.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="end.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</table>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_17"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_17">Example 17</a></div>
-
- <pre class="codeexample">wasEndedBy(end; ex:act2, ex:trigger, ex:act3, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:param="a"])
+<div class="anexample">
+
+ <pre class="codeexample">
+wasEndedBy(end; ex:act2, ex:trigger, ex:act3, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:param="a"])
</pre>
<p> Here <span class="name">end</span> is the optional end identifier,
<span class="name">ex:act2</span> is the identifier of the ending activity,
<span class="name">ex:trigger</span> is the identifier of the entity that triggered the activity end,
<span class="name">ex:act3</span> is the optional identifier for the activity that generated the (possibly unspecified) entity <span class="name">ex:trigger</span>,
- <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional usage time, and <span class="name"> [ex:param="a"]</span> is a list of optional attributes. </p>
+ <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional usage time, and <span class="name"> [ex:param="a"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
-<pre class="codeexample">wasEndedBy(ex:act2, ex:trigger, -, -)
+<pre class="codeexample">
+wasEndedBy(ex:act2, ex:trigger, -, -)
wasEndedBy(ex:act2, ex:trigger, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
wasEndedBy(ex:act2, -, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
wasEndedBy(ex:act2, -, -, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:param="a"])
@@ -1625,41 +1559,43 @@
<section id="expression-Invalidation">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.1.8 </span>Invalidation</h4>
+<h4>Invalidation</h4>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-invalidationExpression" data-name="prod-invalidationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">16</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">invalidationExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"wasInvalidatedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-invalidationExpression"></tbody>
</table>
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Invalidation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinvalidatedby">Invalidation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinvalidatedby">Invalidation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.id"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.entity"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.activity"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.time"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="invalidation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.id"><span class='attribute' id="invalidation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.entity"><span class='attribute' id="invalidation.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.activity"><span class='attribute' id="invalidation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.time"><span class='attribute' id="invalidation.time">time</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-timeOrMarker">timeOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="invalidation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</table>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_18"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_18">Example 18</a></div>
-
-<pre class="codeexample">wasInvalidatedBy(ex:inv; tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:fct="save"])
+<div class="anexample">
+
+<pre class="codeexample">
+wasInvalidatedBy(ex:inv; tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ex:fct="save"])
</pre>
<p> Here <span class="name">ex:inv</span> is the optional invalidation identifier, <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is the identifier of the entity being invalidated,
- <span class="name">ex:edit1</span> is the optional identifier of the invalidating activity, <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional invalidation time, and <span class="name"> [ex:fct="save"]</span> is a list of optional attributes. </p>
+ <span class="name">ex:edit1</span> is the optional identifier of the invalidating activity, <span class="name">2011-11-16T16:00:00</span> is the optional invalidation time, and <span class="name"> [ex:fct="save"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
-<pre class="codeexample">wasInvalidatedBy(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, -)
+<pre class="codeexample">
+wasInvalidatedBy(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, -)
wasInvalidatedBy(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215, ex:edit1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
wasInvalidatedBy(e2, a1, -, [ex:fct="save"])
wasInvalidatedBy(e2, -, -, [ex:fct="save"])
@@ -1680,45 +1616,46 @@
</section>
<section id="component2">
-<h3><span class="secno">3.2 </span>Component 2: Derivations</h3>
+<h3>Component 2: Derivations</h3>
<section id="Derivation-Relation">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.2.1 </span>Derivation</h4>
+<h4>Derivation</h4>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-derivationExpression" data-name="prod-derivationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">17</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">derivationExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"wasDerivedFrom" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-gIdentifierOrMarker">gIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-uIdentifierOrMarker">uIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-derivationExpression"></tbody>
</table>
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Derivation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasderivedfrom">Derivation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasderivedfrom">Derivation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.id"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.generatedEntity"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.generatedEntity">generatedEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.usedEntity"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.usedEntity">usedEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.activity"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.generation"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.generation">generation</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-gIdentifierOrMarker">gIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.usage"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.usage">usage</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-uIdentifierOrMarker">uIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="derivation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.id"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.generatedEntity"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.generatedEntity">generatedEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.usedEntity"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.usedEntity">usedEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.activity"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.generation"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.generation">generation</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-gIdentifierOrMarker">gIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.usage"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.usage">usage</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-uIdentifierOrMarker">uIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#derivation.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="derivation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</table>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="anexample-derivation"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-derivation">Example 19</a></div>
- <pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1, a, g2, u1, [ex:comment="a righteous derivation"])
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-derivation">
+ <pre class="codeexample">
+wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1, a, g2, u1, [ex:comment="a righteous derivation"])
</pre>
<p> Here
<span class="name">d</span> is the optional derivation identifier,
@@ -1727,11 +1664,12 @@
<span class="name">a</span> is the optional identifier of the activity which used/generated the entities,
<span class="name">g2</span> is the optional identifier of the generation,
<span class="name">u1</span> is the optional identifier of the usage,
- and <span class="name">[ex:comment="a righteous derivation"]</span> is a list of optional attributes. </p>
+ and <span class="name">[ex:comment="a righteous derivation"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
-<pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
+<pre class="codeexample">
+wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1)
wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, g2, u1)
wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, -, g2, u1)
wasDerivedFrom(e2, e1, a, -, u1)
@@ -1746,60 +1684,63 @@
</section>
<section id="expression-Revision">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.2.2 </span>Revision</h4>
+<h4>Revision</h4>
<p id="provn-type-Revision">
-PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Revision. Instead, a Revision <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as a
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Revision. Instead, a Revision MUST be expressed as a
<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-derivationExpression">derivationExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Revision'</code>.</p>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_20"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_20">Example 20</a></div>
- <pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1, a, g2, u1,
+<div class="anexample">
+ <pre class="codeexample">
+wasDerivedFrom(d; e2, e1, a, g2, u1,
[prov:type='prov:Revision',
ex:comment="a righteous derivation"])
</pre>
<p>Here, the derivation from
-<a href="#anexample-derivation" class="anexample-ref"><span>Example 19</span></a>
+<a href="#anexample-derivation" class="anexample-ref"><span>Example REF</span></a>
is extended with a <span class="name">prov:type</span> attribute and value <span class="name">prov:Revision</span>. The expression <code>'prov:Revision'</code> is <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-convenienceNotation">convenienceNotation</a></code> to denote a <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> literal (See <a href="#expression-literal">Section 3.7.3. Literal</a>).
-</p></div>
+</div>
</section> <!-- end revision -->
<section id="expression-quotation">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.2.3 </span>Quotation</h4>
+<h4>Quotation</h4>
<p id="provn-type-Quotation">
-PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Quotation. Instead, a Quotation <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as a
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Quotation. Instead, a Quotation MUST be expressed as a
<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-derivationExpression">derivationExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Quotation'</code>.</p>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_21"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_21">Example 21</a></div>
- <pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(quoteId1; ex:blockQuote,ex:blog, ex:act1, ex:g, ex:u,
+<div class="anexample">
+ <pre class="codeexample">
+wasDerivedFrom(quoteId1; ex:blockQuote,ex:blog, ex:act1, ex:g, ex:u,
[ prov:type='prov:Quotation' ])
</pre>
<p>Here, the derivation is provided with a <span class="name">prov:type</span> attribute and value <span class="name">prov:Quotation</span>.
-</p></div>
+</div>
</section> <!-- end quotation -->
<section id="expression-primary-source">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.2.4 </span>Primary Source</h4>
+<h4>Primary Source</h4>
<p id="provn-type-Primary-Source">
-PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for PrimarySource. Instead, a PrimarySource <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as a
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for PrimarySource. Instead, a PrimarySource MUST be expressed as a
<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-derivationExpression">derivationExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Primary-Source'</code>.</p>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_22"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_22">Example 22</a></div>
- <pre class="codeexample">wasDerivedFrom(sourceId1; ex:e1, ex:e2, ex:act, ex:g, ex:u,
+<div class="anexample">
+ <pre class="codeexample">
+wasDerivedFrom(sourceId1; ex:e1, ex:e2, ex:act, ex:g, ex:u,
[ prov:type='prov:PrimarySource' ])
</pre>
<p>Here, the derivation is provided with a <span class="name">prov:type</span> attribute and value <span class="name">prov:PrimarySource</span>.
@@ -1813,9 +1754,9 @@
<section id="component3">
-<h3><span class="secno">3.3 </span>Component 3: Agents, Responsibility, and Influence</h3>
+<h3>Component 3: Agents, Responsibility, and Influence</h3>
<section id="expression-Agent">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.3.1 </span>Agent</h4>
+<h4>Agent</h4>
<!--
<div class='grammar'>
@@ -1831,48 +1772,50 @@
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-agentExpression" data-name="prod-agentExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">18</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">agentExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"agent" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-agentExpression"></tbody>
</table>
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Agent maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-agent">Agent</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-agent">Agent</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#agent.id"><span class="attribute" id="agent.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#agent.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="agent.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#agent.id"><span class='attribute' id="agent.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#agent.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="agent.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</table>
</div>
<p>
-PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Person, Organization, SoftwareAgent. Instead, a Person, an Organization, or a SoftwareAgent <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as an
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Person, Organization, SoftwareAgent. Instead, a Person, an Organization, or a SoftwareAgent MUST be expressed as an
<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agentExpression">agentExpression</a></code> with attribute
<span id="provn-type-Person"><code>prov:type='prov:Person'</code></span>,
<span id="provn-type-Organization"><code>prov:type='prov:Organization'</code></span>, or
<span id="provn-type-SoftwareAgent"><code>prov:type='prov:SoftwareAgent'</code></span>, respectively.</p>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_23"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_23">Example 23</a></div>
-<pre class="codeexample">agent(ag4, [ prov:type='prov:Person', ex:name="David" ])
+<div class="anexample">
+<pre class="codeexample">
+agent(ag4, [ prov:type='prov:Person', ex:name="David" ])
</pre>
<p>Here <span class="name">ag</span> is the agent identifier, and
- <span class="name">[ prov:type='prov:Person', ex:name="David" ]</span> is a list of optional attributes. </p>
+ <span class="name">[ prov:type='prov:Person', ex:name="David" ]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
In the next example, the optional attributes are omitted.
-<pre class="codeexample">agent(ag4)
+<pre class="codeexample">
+agent(ag4)
</pre>
</div>
</section>
<section id="expression-attribution">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.3.2 </span>Attribution</h4>
+<h4>Attribution</h4>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-attributionExpression" data-name="prod-attributionExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">19</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">attributionExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"wasAttributedTo" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-attributionExpression"></tbody>
</table>
@@ -1880,29 +1823,31 @@
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Attribution maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasattributedto">Attribution</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasattributedto">Attribution</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.id"><span class="attribute" id="attribution.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.entity"><span class="attribute" id="attribution.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.agent"><span class="attribute" id="attribution.agent">agent</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="attribution.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.id"><span class='attribute' id="attribution.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.entity"><span class='attribute' id="attribution.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.agent"><span class='attribute' id="attribution.agent">agent</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#attribution.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="attribution.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</table>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_24"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_24">Example 24</a></div>
-
-<pre class="codeexample">wasAttributedTo(attr; e, ag, [ex:license='cc:attributionURL' ])
+<div class="anexample">
+
+<pre class="codeexample">
+wasAttributedTo(attr; e, ag, [ex:license='cc:attributionURL' ])
</pre>
<p> Here <span class="name">attr</span> is the optional attribution identifier, <span class="name">e</span> is an entity identifier,
- <span class="name">ag</span> is the identifier of the agent to whom the entity is ascribed,
-and <span class="name">[ex:license='cc:attributionURL' ]</span> is a list of optional attributes. </p>
+ <span class="name">ag</span> is the identifier of the agent to whom the entity is abscribed,
+and <span class="name">[ex:license='cc:attributionURL' ]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
-<pre class="codeexample">wasAttributedTo(e, ag)
+<pre class="codeexample">
+wasAttributedTo(e, ag)
wasAttributedTo(e, ag, [ex:license='cc:attributionURL' ])
</pre>
</div>
@@ -1911,12 +1856,12 @@
<section id="expression-Association">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.3.3 </span>Association</h4>
+<h4>Association</h4>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-associationExpression" data-name="prod-associationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">20</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">associationExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"wasAssociatedWith" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifierOrMarker">agIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-associationExpression"></tbody>
</table>
@@ -1924,53 +1869,48 @@
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Association maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasassociatedwith">Association</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasassociatedwith">Association</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.id"><span class="attribute" id="association.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.activity"><span class="attribute" id="association.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.agent"><span class="attribute" id="association.agent">agent</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifierOrMarker">agIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.plan"><span class="attribute" id="association.plan">plan</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="association.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.id"><span class='attribute' id="association.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.activity"><span class='attribute' id="association.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.agent"><span class='attribute' id="association.agent">agent</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifierOrMarker">agIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.plan"><span class='attribute' id="association.plan">plan</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifierOrMarker">eIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="association.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</table>
</div>
<p id="provn-type-Plan">
-PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Plan. Instead, a Plan <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as an
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Plan. Instead, a Plan MUST be expressed as an
<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Plan'</code>.</p>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_25"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_25">Example 25</a></div>
-<p>The following expression illustrates a plan.
-</p><pre class="codeexample"> entity(ex:pl1, [ prov:type='prov:Plan' ])
-</pre>
-</div>
-
-
-<div class="anexample" id="example_26"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_26">Example 26</a></div>
-<pre class="codeexample">wasAssociatedWith(ex:assoc; ex:a1, ex:ag1, ex:pl1, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+<div class="anexample">
+<pre class="codeexample">
+wasAssociatedWith(ex:assoc; ex:a1, ex:ag1, ex:e1, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
</pre>
<p> Here <span class="name">ex:assoc</span> is the optional attribution identifier,
<span class="name">ex:a1</span> is an activity identifier,
<span class="name">ex:ag1</span> is the optional identifier of the agent associated to the activity,
- <span class="name">ex:pl1</span> is the optional identifier of the plan used by the agent in the context of the activity,
- and <span class="name"> [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"]</span> is a list of optional attributes. </p>
+ <span class="name">ex:e1</span> is the optional identifier of the plan used by the agent in the context of the activity,
+ and <span class="name"> [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
-<pre class="codeexample">wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, -, ex:pl1)
+<pre class="codeexample">
+wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, -, ex:e1)
wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, ex:ag1)
-wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, ex:ag1, ex:pl1)
-wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, ex:ag1, ex:pl1, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
-wasAssociatedWith(a; ex:a1, -, ex:pl1)
+wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, ex:ag1, ex:e1)
+wasAssociatedWith(ex:a1, ex:ag1, ex:e1, [ex:param1="a", ex:param2="b"])
+wasAssociatedWith(a; ex:a1, -, ex:e1)
</pre>
</div>
@@ -1978,6 +1918,13 @@
<p>Additional semantic rules (<a href="#semantic-rules-summary">Section 3.7.5</a>) apply to <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-associationExpression">associationExpression</a></code>.</p>
+<div class="anexample">
+<p>The following expression illustrates a plan.
+<pre class="codeexample">
+ entity(ex:pl1, [ prov:type='prov:Plan' ])
+</pre>
+</div>
+
<!--
<p><strong>Note:</strong>The production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-associationExpression">associationExpression</a></code> allows for expressions <span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(a, -, -)</span> and <span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(-; a, -, -)</span>. However, these expressions are not valid in PROV-N,
@@ -1987,50 +1934,52 @@
</section>
<section id="expression-delegation">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.3.4 </span>Delegation</h4>
+<h4>Delegation</h4>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-delegationExpression" data-name="prod-delegationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">21</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">delegationExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"actedOnBehalfOf" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></span> )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-delegationExpression"></tbody>
</table>
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Delegation maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-actedonbehalfof">Delegation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-actedonbehalfof">Delegation</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.id"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.delegate"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.delegate">delegate</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.responsible"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.responsible">responsible</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.activity"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="delegation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.id"><span class='attribute' id="delegation.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.delegate"><span class='attribute' id="delegation.delegate">delegate</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.responsible"><span class='attribute' id="delegation.responsible">responsible</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.activity"><span class='attribute' id="delegation.activity">activity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifierOrMarker">aIdentifierOrMarker</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#delegation.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="delegation.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</table>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_27"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_27">Example 27</a></div>
-
- <pre class="codeexample">actedOnBehalfOf(del1; ag2, ag1, a, [prov:type="contract"])
+<div class="anexample">
+
+ <pre class="codeexample">
+actedOnBehalfOf(del1; ag2, ag1, a, [prov:type="contract"])
</pre>
<p> Here <span class="name">del1</span> is the optional delegation identifier,
<span class="name">ag2</span> is the identifier for the delegate agent,
<span class="name">ag1</span> is the identifier of the responsible agent,
<span class="name">a</span> is the optional identifier of the activity for which the delegation link holds,
- and <span class="name">[prov:type="contract"]</span> is a list of optional attributes. </p>
+ and <span class="name">[prov:type="contract"]</span> are optional attributes. </p>
The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
-<pre class="codeexample">actedOnBehalfOf(ag1, ag2)
+<pre class="codeexample">
+actedOnBehalfOf(ag1, ag2)
actedOnBehalfOf(ag1, ag2, a)
actedOnBehalfOf(ag1, ag2, -, [prov:type="delegation"])
actedOnBehalfOf(ag2, ag3, a, [prov:type="contract"])
@@ -2042,33 +1991,34 @@
</section>
<section id="expression-influence">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.3.5 </span>Influence</h4>
+<h4>Influence</h4>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-influenceExpression" data-name="prod-influenceExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">22</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">influenceExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"wasInfluencedBy" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-influenceExpression"></tbody>
</table>
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Influence maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinfluencedby">Influence</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-wasinfluencedby">Influence</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.id"><span class="attribute" id="influence.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.influencee"><span class="attribute" id="influence.influencee">influencee</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.influencer"><span class="attribute" id="influence.influencer">influencer</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.attributes"><span class="attribute" id="influence.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.id"><span class='attribute' id="influence.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.influencee"><span class='attribute' id="influence.influencee">influencee</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.influencer"><span class='attribute' id="influence.influencer">influencer</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#influence.attributes"><span class='attribute' id="influence.attributes">attributes</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></code></td></tr>
+</table>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_28"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_28">Example 28</a></div>
- <pre class="codeexample">wasInfluencedBy(infl1;e2,e1,[ex:param="a"])
+<div class="anexample">
+ <pre class="codeexample">
+wasInfluencedBy(infl1;e2,e1,[ex:param="a"])
</pre>
<p> Here,
<span class="name">infl1</span> is the optional influence identifier,
@@ -2078,7 +2028,8 @@
The remaining examples show cases where some of the optionals are omitted.
- <pre class="codeexample">wasInfluencedBy(e2,e1)
+ <pre class="codeexample">
+wasInfluencedBy(e2,e1)
wasInfluencedBy(e2,e1,[ex:param="a"])
wasInfluencedBy(infl1; e2,e1)
</pre>
@@ -2089,39 +2040,40 @@
</section>
<section id="component4">
-<h3><span class="secno">3.4 </span>Component 4: Bundles</h3>
+<h3>Component 4: Bundles</h3>
<section id="expression-bundle-constructor">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.4.1 </span>Bundle Constructor</h4>
+<h4>Bundle Constructor</h4>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-bundle" data-name="prod-bundle"></a>[<span class="prodNo">23</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">bundle</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"bundle" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span> (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></span>)? (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></span>)* "endBundle"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-bundle"></tbody>
</table>
<p>Bundles cannot be nested. It is for this reason that a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code> is not defined as an <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code>, to prevent the occurrence of a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code> inside another <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></code>.</p>
-<p>Each identifier occurring in a bundle, including the bundle identifier itself, <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be interpreted with respect to the namespace declarations of that bundle, or if the identifier's prefix is not declared in the bundle, with respect to the namespace declarations in the document. </p>
+<p>Each identifier occurring in a bundle, including the bundle identifier itself, MUST be interpreted with respect to the namespace declarations of that bundle, or if the identifier's prefix is not declared in the bundle, with respect to the namespace declarations in the document. </p>
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM bundle maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-bundle-constructor">Bundle</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-bundle-constructor">Bundle</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#bundle.constructor.id"><span class="attribute" id="bundle.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#bundle.constructor.descriptions"><span class="attribute" id="bundle.descriptions">descriptions</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-namespaceDeclaration"><span class="attribute" id="namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#bundle.constructor.id"><span class='attribute' id="bundle.id">id</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#bundle.constructor.descriptions"><span class='attribute' id="bundle.descriptions">descriptions</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-namespaceDeclaration"><span class='attribute' id="namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+</table>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="anexample-bundle1"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-bundle1">Example 29</a></div>
- <pre class="codeexample">bundle ex:author-view
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-bundle1">
+ <pre class="codeexample">
+bundle ex:author-view
prefix ex <http://example.org/>
agent(ex:Paolo, [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
agent(ex:Simon, [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
@@ -2139,24 +2091,25 @@
</section>
<section id="expression-bundle-type">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.4.2 </span>Bundle Type</h4>
+<h4>Bundle Type</h4>
<p id="provn-type-Bundle">
-When described, a Bundle <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as an <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Bundle'</code>.</p>
-
-<div class="anexample" id="example_30"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_30">Example 30</a></div>
+When described, a Bundle MUST be expressed as an <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></code> with attribute <code>prov:type='prov:Bundle'</code>.</p>
+
+<div class="anexample">
<p>The bundle of
-<a href="#anexample-bundle1" class="anexample-ref"><span>Example 29</span></a> can be referred to as an entity, and its provenance described.</p>
-<pre class="codeexample"> entity(ex:author-view, [ prov:type='prov:Bundle' ])
+<a href="#anexample-bundle1" class="anexample-ref"><span>Example REF</span></a> can be referred to as an an entity, and its provenance described.</p>
+<pre class="codeexample">
+ entity(ex:author-view, [ prov:type='prov:Bundle' ])
</pre>
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section id="component5">
-<h3><span class="secno">3.5 </span>Component 5: Alternate Entities</h3>
+<h3>Component 5: Alternate Entities</h3>
<section id="expression-alternate">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.5.1 </span>Alternate</h4>
+<h4>Alternate</h4>
<!--
<div class='grammar'>
@@ -2172,7 +2125,7 @@
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-alternateExpression" data-name="prod-alternateExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">24</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">alternateExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"alternateOf" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-alternateExpression"></tbody>
</table>
@@ -2180,20 +2133,21 @@
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Alternate maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-alternateof">Alternate</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-alternateof">Alternate</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#alternate.alternate1"><span class="attribute" id="alternate.alternate1">alternate1</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#alternate.alternate2"><span class="attribute" id="alternate.alternate2">alternate2</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#alternate.alternate1"><span class='attribute' id="alternate.alternate1">alternate1</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#alternate.alternate2"><span class='attribute' id="alternate.alternate2">alternate2</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+</table>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_31"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_31">Example 31</a></div>
-<pre class="codeexample">alternateOf(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215,ex:alternate-20111215)
+<div class="anexample">
+<pre class="codeexample">
+alternateOf(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215,ex:alternate-20111215)
</pre>
Here <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is alternate for <span class="name">ex:alternate-20111215</span>.
</div>
@@ -2201,33 +2155,34 @@
</section>
<section id="expression-specialization">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.5.2 </span>Specialization</h4>
+<h4>Specialization</h4>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-specializationExpression" data-name="prod-specializationExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">25</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">specializationExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"specializationOf" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-specializationExpression"></tbody>
</table>
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Specialization maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-specializationof">Specialization</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-specializationof">Specialization</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#specialization.specificEntity"><span class="attribute" id="specialization.specificEntity">specificEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#specialization.generalEntity"><span class="attribute" id="specialization.generalEntity">generalEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#specialization.specificEntity"><span class='attribute' id="specialization.specificEntity">specificEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#specialization.generalEntity"><span class='attribute' id="specialization.generalEntity">generalEntity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+</table>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_32"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_32">Example 32</a></div>
-<pre class="codeexample">specializationOf(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215,tr:prov-dm)
+<div class="anexample">
+<pre class="codeexample">
+specializationOf(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215,tr:prov-dm)
</pre>
Here <span class="name">tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215</span> is a specialization of <span class="name">tr:prov-dm</span>.
</div>
@@ -2245,24 +2200,25 @@
<section id="component6">
-<h3><span class="secno">3.6 </span>Component 6: Collections</h3>
+<h3>Component 6: Collections</h3>
<section id="expression-collection">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.6.1 </span>Collection</h4>
+<h3>Collection</h3>
<p>
-PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Collection and EmptyCollection. Instead, a Collection or an EmptyCollection <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be expressed as an
+PROV-N provides no dedicated syntax for Collection and EmptyCollection. Instead, a Collection or an EmptyCollection MUST be expressed as an
<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-entityExpression">entityExpression</a></code> with attribute
-<span id="provn-type-Collection"><code>prov:type='prov:Collection'</code></span>, or
-<span id="provn-type-EmptyCollection"><code>prov:type='prov:EmptyCollection'</code></span>, respectively.</p>
-
-
-
-<div class="anexample" id="example_33"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_33">Example 33</a></div>
+<span id="provn-type-Collection"><code>prov:type='prov:Collection'</code></span>, or
+<span id="provn-type-EmptyCollection"><code>prov:type='prov:EmptyCollection'</code></span>, respectively.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample">
<p>The following two expressions are about a collection and an empty collection, respectively.
-</p><pre class="codeexample"> entity(ex:col1, [ prov:type='prov:Collection' ])
+<pre class="codeexample">
+ entity(ex:col1, [ prov:type='prov:Collection' ])
entity(ex:col2, [ prov:type='prov:EmptyCollection' ])
</pre>
</div>
@@ -2270,33 +2226,34 @@
<section id="expression-collection-membership">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.6.2 </span>Membership</h4>
+<h3>Membership</h3>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-membershipExpression" data-name="prod-membershipExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">26</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">membershipExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"hadMember" "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-cIdentifier">cIdentifier</a></span> "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-membershipExpression"></tbody>
</table>
<p>The following table summarizes how each constituent of a PROV-DM Membership maps to a PROV-N syntax element.</p>
<div style="text-align: left; ">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<tbody><tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-hadmember">Membership</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-hadmember">Membership</a></b></td><td><b>Non-Terminal</b></td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#membership.collection"><span class="attribute" id="membership.collection">collection</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-cIdentifier">cIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-
-<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#membership.entity"><span class="attribute" id="membership.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
-</tbody></table>
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#membership.collection"><span class='attribute' id="membership.collection">collection</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-cIdentifier">cIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#membership.entity"><span class='attribute' id="membership.entity">entity</span></a></td><td><code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></code></td></tr>
+</table>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_34"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_34">Example 34</a></div>
- <pre class="codeexample"> hadMember(c, e1) // c contained e1
+<div class="anexample">
+ <pre class="codeexample">
+ hadMember(c, e1) // c contained e1
hadMember(c, e2) // c contained e2
</pre>
<p> Here
@@ -2307,7 +2264,7 @@
and <span class="name">[prov:label="A beautiful collection"]</span> is the optional set of attributes. </p>
-->
-</p></div>
+</div>
</section>
@@ -2317,31 +2274,31 @@
-<section id="subexpressions">
-<h3><span class="secno">3.7 </span>Further Expressions</h3>
+<section id="subexpressions">
+<h3>Further Expressions</h3>
This section defines further expressions of PROV-N.
<section id="expression-identifier">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.7.1 </span>Identifier</h4>
+<h4>Identifier</h4>
<p>Various kinds of identifiers are used in productions.</p>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-eIdentifier" data-name="prod-eIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">27</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">eIdentifier</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-aIdentifier" data-name="prod-aIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">28</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">aIdentifier</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-agIdentifier" data-name="prod-agIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">29</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">agIdentifier</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-gIdentifier" data-name="prod-gIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">30</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">gIdentifier</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-uIdentifier" data-name="prod-uIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">31</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">uIdentifier</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-cIdentifier" data-name="prod-cIdentifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">32</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">cIdentifier</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifier">identifier</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-eIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-eIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">33</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">eIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-eIdentifier">eIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-aIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-aIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">34</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">aIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-aIdentifier">aIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-agIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-agIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">35</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">agIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-agIdentifier">agIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-gIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-gIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">36</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">gIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-gIdentifier">gIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-uIdentifierOrMarker" data-name="prod-uIdentifierOrMarker"></a>[<span class="prodNo">37</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">uIdentifierOrMarker</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-uIdentifier">uIdentifier</a></span> | "-" )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-identifier" data-name="prod-identifier"></a>[<span class="prodNo">38</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">identifier</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-eIdentifier"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-aIdentifier"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-agIdentifier"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-gIdentifier"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-uIdentifier"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-cIdentifier"></tbody>
+
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-eIdentifierOrMarker"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-aIdentifierOrMarker"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-agIdentifierOrMarker"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-gIdentifierOrMarker"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-uIdentifierOrMarker"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-identifier"></tbody>
</table>
@@ -2350,8 +2307,8 @@
The PROV data model stipulates that a qualified name can be mapped to an IRI
by concatenating the IRI associated with the prefix and the local part. This section provides the exact details of this procedure for qualified names defined by PROV-N. </p>
-<p>A qualified name's prefix is <em class="rfc2119" title="OPTIONAL">OPTIONAL</em>. If a prefix occurs in a
- qualified name, the prefix <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> refer to a namespace declared in a namespace declaration. In the absence of prefix, the qualified name
+<p>A qualified name's prefix is OPTIONAL. If a prefix occurs in a
+ qualified name, the prefix MUST refer to a namespace declared in a namespace declaration. In the absence of prefix, the qualified name
belongs to the default namespace.</p>
<!--
@@ -2373,14 +2330,14 @@
-->
-<p>A PROV-N qualified name (production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code>) has a more permissive syntax than XML's <code class="content"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/#NT-QName">QName</a></code> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-XML-NAMES">XML-NAMES</a></cite>]
-and SPARQL <code class="content"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115/#rPrefixedName">PrefixedName</a></code> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF-SPARQL-QUERY">RDF-SPARQL-QUERY</a></cite>].
-A <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> consists of a prefix and a local part. Prefixes follow the production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code> defined by SPARQL [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RDF-SPARQL-QUERY">RDF-SPARQL-QUERY</a></cite>]. Local parts have to be conformant with <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code>, which extends the original SPARQL <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code> definition
+<p>A PROV-N qualified name (production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code>) has a more permissive syntax then XML's <code class="content"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/#NT-QName">QName</a></code> [[!XML-NAMES]]
+and SPARQL <code class="content"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115/#rPrefixedName">PrefixedName</a></code> [[!RDF-SPARQL-QUERY]].
+A <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> consists of a prefix and a local part. Prefixes follow the production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code> defined by SPARQL [[!RDF-SPARQL-QUERY]]. Local parts have to be conformant with <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code>, which extends the original SPARQL <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code> definition
by allowing further characters (see <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</a></code>):</p>
<ul>
<li> an extra set of characters commonly encountered in IRIs;
-</li><li> %-escaped characters (see <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PERCENT">PERCENT</a></code>) to be interpreted as per
- Section 3.1. Mapping of IRIs to URIs in [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3987">RFC3987</a></cite>];</li>
+<li> %-escaped characters (see <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PERCENT">PERCENT</a></code>) to be interpreted as per
+ Section 3.1. Mapping of IRIs to URIs in [[!RFC3987]];</li>
<li> and \-escaped characters (see <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_ESC">PN_CHARS_ESC</a></code>).</li>
</ul>
@@ -2402,24 +2359,25 @@
-<p>A PROV-N qualified name <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> can be mapped to a valid IRI [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3987">RFC3987</a></cite>] by concatenating the namespace denoted its local name <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code> to the local name <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code>, whose \-escaped characters have been unescaped by dropping the character '\' (backslash).</p>
+<p>A PROV-N qualified name <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> can be mapped to a valid IRI [[!RFC3987]] by concatenating the namespace denoted its local name <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></code> to the local name <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></code>, whose \-escaped characters have been unescaped by dropping the character '\' (backslash).</p>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME" data-name="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME"></a>[<span class="prodNo">52</span>] </td> <td><<code class="production term">QUALIFIED_NAME</code>></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></span> ":" )? <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_LOCAL">PN_LOCAL</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></span> ":"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-PN_LOCAL" data-name="prod-PN_LOCAL"></a>[<span class="prodNo">53</span>] </td> <td><<code class="production term">PN_LOCAL</code>></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_CHARS_U">PN_CHARS_U</a></span> | [0-9] | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</a></span> ) ( ( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_CHARS">PN_CHARS</a></span> | "." | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</a></span> )* ( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_CHARS">PN_CHARS</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</a></span> ) )?</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS" data-name="prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS"></a>[<span class="prodNo">54</span>] </td> <td><<code class="production term">PN_CHARS_OTHERS</code>></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"/"<br> | "@"<br> | "~"<br> | "&"<br> | "+"<br> | "*"<br> | "?"<br> | "#"<br> | "$"<br> | "!"<br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PERCENT">PERCENT</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-PN_CHARS_ESC">PN_CHARS_ESC</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-PN_CHARS_ESC" data-name="prod-PN_CHARS_ESC"></a>[<span class="prodNo">55</span>] </td> <td><<code class="production term">PN_CHARS_ESC</code>></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"\" ( "=" | "'" | "(" | ")" | "," | "-" | ":" | ";" | "[" | "]" | "." )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-PERCENT" data-name="prod-PERCENT"></a>[<span class="prodNo">56</span>] </td> <td><<code class="production term">PERCENT</code>></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"%" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-HEX">HEX</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-HEX">HEX</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-HEX" data-name="prod-HEX"></a>[<span class="prodNo">57</span>] </td> <td><<code class="production term">HEX</code>></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">[0-9]<br> | [A-F]<br> | [a-f]</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-PN_LOCAL"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-PN_CHARS_OTHERS"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-PN_CHARS_ESC"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-PERCENT"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-HEX"></tbody>
</table>
-<div class="anexample" id="anexample-qualified-name"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-qualified-name">Example 35</a></div>
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-qualified-name">
<p>Examples of articles on the BBC Web site seen as entities.</p>
-<pre class="codeexample">document
+<pre class="codeexample">
+document
prefix bbc <http://www.bbc.co.uk/>
prefix bbcNews <http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/>
@@ -2434,9 +2392,10 @@
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="anexample-qualified-name2"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-qualified-name2">Example 36</a></div>
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-qualified-name2">
<p>Examples of entities with declared and default namespace.</p>
-<pre class="codeexample">document
+<pre class="codeexample">
+document
default <http://example.org/2/>
prefix ex <http://example.org/1/>
@@ -2453,9 +2412,10 @@
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="anexample-qualified-name3"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-qualified-name3">Example 37</a></div>
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-qualified-name3">
<p>Examples of \-escaped characters.</p>
-<pre class="codeexample">document
+<pre class="codeexample">
+document
prefix ex <http://example.org/>
default <http://example.org/default>
@@ -2481,7 +2441,7 @@
</section>
<section id="expression-attribute">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.7.2 </span>Attribute</h4>
+<h4>Attribute</h4>
<!--
<div class='grammar'>
@@ -2490,21 +2450,21 @@
-->
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-attribute" data-name="prod-attribute"></a>[<span class="prodNo">39</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">attribute</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-attribute"></tbody>
</table>
<p>The reserved attributes in the PROV namespace are the following.
-Their meaning is explained by [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>] (see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute">Section 5.7.2: Attribute</a>).
+Their meaning is explained by [[PROV-DM]] (see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute">Section 5.7.2: Attribute</a>).
</p>
<ol>
<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-label"><span class="name">prov:label</span></a>
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-location"><span class="name">prov:location</span></a>
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-role"><span class="name">prov:role</span></a>
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-type"><span class="name">prov:type</span></a>
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-value"><span class="name">prov:value</span></a>
-</li></ol>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-location"><span class="name">prov:location</span></a>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-role"><span class="name">prov:role</span></a>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-type"><span class="name">prov:type</span></a>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-value"><span class="name">prov:value</span></a>
+</ol>
</section>
@@ -2514,7 +2474,7 @@
<section id="expression-literal">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.7.3 </span>Literal</h4>
+<h4>Literal</h4>
<!--
<div class='grammar'>
@@ -2530,20 +2490,20 @@
-->
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-literal" data-name="prod-literal"></a>[<span class="prodNo">40</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">literal</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-typedLiteral">typedLiteral</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-convenienceNotation">convenienceNotation</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-typedLiteral" data-name="prod-typedLiteral"></a>[<span class="prodNo">41</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">typedLiteral</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></span> "%%" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-datatype">datatype</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-datatype" data-name="prod-datatype"></a>[<span class="prodNo">42</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">datatype</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-convenienceNotation" data-name="prod-convenienceNotation"></a>[<span class="prodNo">43</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">convenienceNotation</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></span> (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rLANGTAG">LANGTAG</a></span>)?<br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL">QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-STRING_LITERAL" data-name="prod-STRING_LITERAL"></a>[<span class="prodNo">58</span>] </td> <td><<code class="production term">STRING_LITERAL</code>></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rSTRING_LITERAL2">STRING_LITERAL2</a></span><br> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rSTRING_LITERAL_LONG2">STRING_LITERAL_LONG2</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-INT_LITERAL" data-name="prod-INT_LITERAL"></a>[<span class="prodNo">60</span>] </td> <td><<code class="production term">INT_LITERAL</code>></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">("-")? (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-DIGIT">DIGIT</a></span>)+</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-DIGIT" data-name="prod-DIGIT"></a>[<span class="prodNo">62</span>] </td> <td><<code class="production term">DIGIT</code>></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">[0-9]</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="term"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL" data-name="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL"></a>[<span class="prodNo">61</span>] </td> <td><<code class="production term">QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL</code>></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"'" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span> "'"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-literal"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-typedLiteral"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-datatype"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-convenienceNotation"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-STRING_LITERAL"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-INT_LITERAL"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-DIGIT"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL"></tbody>
</table>
-<p>In production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-datatype">datatype</a></code>, the <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> is used to denote a <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-value">PROV data type</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>].
-
-
-</p><p>The non terminals
+<p>In production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-datatype">datatype</a></code>, the <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></code> is used to denote a <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-value">PROV data type</a> [[PROV-DM]].
+
+
+<p>The non terminals
<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-STRING_LITERAL">STRING_LITERAL</a></code>,
<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></code>, and
<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL">QUALIFIED_NAME_LITERAL</a></code>
@@ -2564,39 +2524,44 @@
<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-INT_LITERAL">INT_LITERAL</a></code>.
</p>
-<div class="anexample" id="anexample-convenience"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-convenience">Example 38</a></div>
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-convenience">
<p>
The following examples illustrate convenience notations.</p>
<p>The two following expressions are strings; if <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-datatype">datatype</a></code> is not specified, it is <code>xsd:string</code>.</p>
-<pre class="codeexample"> "abc" %% xsd:string
+<pre class="codeexample">
+ "abc" %% xsd:string
"abc"
</pre>
<p>The two following expressions are integers. For convenience, numbers, expressed as digits optionally preceded by a minus sign, can occur without quotes.</p>
-<pre class="codeexample"> "1234" %% xsd:integer
+<pre class="codeexample">
+ "1234" %% xsd:integer
1234
"-1234" %% xsd:integer
-1234
</pre>
<p>The two following expressions are qualified names. Values of type qualified name can be conveniently expressed within single quotes.</p>
-<pre class="codeexample"> "ex:value" %% prov:QUALIFIED_NAME
+<pre class="codeexample">
+ "ex:value" %% prov:QUALIFIED_NAME
'ex:value'
</pre>
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="anexample-value"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-value">Example 39</a></div>
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-value">
<p>
The following examples respectively are the string "abc", the string (in French) "bonjour", the integer number 1, and the IRI "http://example.org/foo".</p>
-<pre class="codeexample"> "abc"
+<pre class="codeexample">
+ "abc"
"bonjour"@fr
"1" %% xsd:integer
"http://example.org/foo" %% xsd:anyURI
</pre>
<p>The following examples respectively are the floating point number 1.01 and the boolean true.</p>
-<pre class="codeexample"> "1.01" %% xsd:float
+<pre class="codeexample">
+ "1.01" %% xsd:float
"true" %% xsd:boolean
</pre>
</div>
@@ -2604,29 +2569,30 @@
<section id="expression-types">
-<h5><span class="secno">3.7.3.1 </span>Reserved Type Values</h5>
+<h4>Reserved Type Values</h4>
<p>The reserved type values in the PROV namespace are the following.
-Their meaning is defined [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>] (see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-type">Section 5.7.2.4: prov:type</a>).
+Their meaning is defined [[PROV-DM]] (see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-type">Section 5.7.2.4: prov:type</a>).
</p>
<ol>
<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-bundle-entity"><span class="name">prov:Bundle</span></a>
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-collection"><span class="name">prov:Collection</span></a>
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-empty-collection"><span class="name">prov:EmptyCollection</span></a>
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-organization"><span class="name">prov:Organization</span></a>
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-person"><span class="name">prov:Person</span></a>
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-plan"><span class="name">prov:Plan</span></a>
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-primary-source"><span class="name">prov:PrimarySource</span></a>
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-quotation"><span class="name">prov:Quotation</span></a>
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-revision"><span class="name">prov:Revision</span></a>
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-software-agent"><span class="name">prov:SoftwareAgent</span></a>
-</li></ol>
-
-<div class="anexample" id="anexample-types"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-types">Example 40</a></div>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-collection"><span class="name">prov:Collection</span></a>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-empty-collection"><span class="name">prov:EmptyCollection</span></a>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-organization"><span class="name">prov:Organization</span></a>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-person"><span class="name">prov:Person</span></a>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-plan"><span class="name">prov:Plan</span></a>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-primary-source"><span class="name">prov:PrimarySource</span></a>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-quotation"><span class="name">prov:Quotation</span></a>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#dfn-revision"><span class="name">prov:Revision</span></a>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#concept-software-agent"><span class="name">prov:SoftwareAgent</span></a>
+</ol>
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-types">
<p>The agent <span class="name">ag</span> is a person (type: <span class="name">prov:Person</span>), whereas the entity
<span class="name">pl</span> is a plan (type: <span class="name">prov:Plan</span>).</p>
-<pre class="codeexample">agent(ag, [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
+<pre class="codeexample">
+agent(ag, [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
entity(pl, [ prov:type='prov:Plan' ])
</pre>
</div>
@@ -2635,19 +2601,20 @@
</section>
<section id="expression-Time">
-<h5><span class="secno">3.7.3.2 </span>Time Values</h5>
-
-<p><dfn id="dfn-time">Time instants</dfn> are defined according to xsd:dateTime [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-XMLSCHEMA11-2">XMLSCHEMA11-2</a></cite>].</p>
+<h4>Time Values</h4>
+
+<p><dfn id="dfn-time">Time instants</dfn> are defined according to xsd:dateTime [[!XMLSCHEMA11-2]].</p>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-time" data-name="prod-time"></a>[<span class="prodNo">44</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">time</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#nt-dateTimeRep">DATETIME</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-time"></tbody>
</table>
-<div class="anexample" id="anexample-time"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-time">Example 41</a></div>
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-time">
<p>The third argument in the following usage expression is a time instance, namely 4pm on 2011-11-16.</p>
-<pre class="codeexample">used(ex:act2, ar3:0111, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
+<pre class="codeexample">
+used(ex:act2, ar3:0111, 2011-11-16T16:00:00)
</pre>
</div>
@@ -2664,15 +2631,15 @@
<section id="expression-NamespaceDeclaration">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.7.4 </span>Namespace Declaration</h4>
+<h3>Namespace Declaration</h3>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-namespaceDeclarations" data-name="prod-namespaceDeclarations"></a>[<span class="prodNo">45</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">namespaceDeclarations</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-defaultNamespaceDeclaration">defaultNamespaceDeclaration</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></span> ) (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></span>)*</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-namespaceDeclaration" data-name="prod-namespaceDeclaration"></a>[<span class="prodNo">46</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">namespaceDeclaration</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"prefix" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">PN_PREFIX</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespace">namespace</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-defaultNamespaceDeclaration" data-name="prod-defaultNamespaceDeclaration"></a>[<span class="prodNo">47</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">defaultNamespaceDeclaration</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"default" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-namespace" data-name="prod-namespace"></a>[<span class="prodNo">48</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">namespace</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rIRI_REF">IRI_REF</a></span></code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-namespaceDeclarations"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-namespaceDeclaration"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-defaultNamespaceDeclaration"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-namespace"></tbody>
</table>
@@ -2685,17 +2652,18 @@
The scope of a prefix-namespace declaration directly occurring in a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-document">document</a></code> is the <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-document">document</a></code> including the <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundles</a></code> it contains but excluding those <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundles</a></code> that re-declare this prefix.</li>
</ul>
-<p>A set of namespace declarations <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST NOT">MUST NOT</em> re-declare the same prefix.</p>
-
-<p>A set of namespace declarations <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code> occurring in a bundle <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> re-declare a prefix declared in a surrounding document.</p>
-
-<p>A namespace declaration <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></code> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST NOT">MUST NOT</em> declare prefixes <span class="name">prov</span> and <span class="name">xsd</span> (see <a href="#namespace-table">Table 1</a> for their IRI).</p>
-
-
-
-<div class="anexample" id="anexample-namespace"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-namespace">Example 42</a></div>
+<p>A set of namespace declarations <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code> MUST NOT re-declare the same prefix.</p>
+
+<p>A set of namespace declarations <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code> occurring in a bundle MAY re-declare a prefix declared in a surrounding document.</p>
+
+<p>A namespace declaration <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclaration">namespaceDeclaration</a></code> MUST NOT declare prefixes <span class="name">prov</span> and <span class="name">xsd</span> (see <a href="#namespace-table">Table 1</a> for their IRI).</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-namespace">
<p>The following example declares three namespaces, one default, and two with explicit prefixes <span class="name">ex1</span> and <span class="name">ex2</span>.</p>
-<pre class="codeexample">document
+<pre class="codeexample">
+document
default <http://example.org/0/>
prefix ex1 <http://example.org/1/>
prefix ex2 <http://example.org/2/>
@@ -2705,13 +2673,14 @@
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="anexample-namespace-scope"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-namespace-scope">Example 43</a></div>
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-namespace-scope">
<p>In the following example, a document declares a default namespace and the occurrence of
<code>e001</code> directly occurring in the document refers to that namespace.
A nested bundle also declares a default namespace, but with a different IRI.
In that bundle, the occurrences of
<code>e001</code>, including the bundle name, refer to the latest default namespace.</p>
-<pre class="codeexample">document
+<pre class="codeexample">
+document
default <http://example.org/1/>
entity(e001) // IRI: http://example.org/1/e001
@@ -2724,12 +2693,13 @@
</div>
-<div class="anexample" id="anexample-namespace-scope2"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#anexample-namespace-scope2">Example 44</a></div>
+<div class="anexample" id="anexample-namespace-scope2">
<p>In the following example, a document declares a namespace with prefix <code>ex</code> and the occurrence of
<code>ex:e001</code> directly occurring in the document refers to that namespace.
In a nested bundle, the occurrence of
<code>ex:e001</code> also refers to the same namespace.</p>
-<pre class="codeexample">document
+<pre class="codeexample">
+document
prefix ex <http://example.org/1/>
entity(ex:e001) // IRI: http://example.org/1/e001
@@ -2750,52 +2720,52 @@
<section id="semantic-rules-summary">
-<h4><span class="secno">3.7.5 </span>Summary of additional semantic rules</h4>
-
-<p>Some of the grammar productions allow for expressions that are syntactically correct, and yet according to [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-DM">PROV-DM</a></cite>] they are not acceptable, because additional semantic rules are defined for those expressions.
+<h3>Summary of additional semantic rules</h3>
+
+<p>Some of the grammar productions allow for expressions that are syntactically correct, and yet according to [[PROV-DM]] they are not acceptable, because additional semantic rules are defined for those expressions.
The following table provides a summary of such expressions along with examples of syntactically correct but unacceptable forms, and the additional semantic rules.</p>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<table class="thinborder" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
<caption id="validity-rules-table">Table 2: Summary of additional semantic rules for grammar productions</caption>
-<tbody><tr><td><b>Production</b></td>
+<tr><td><b>Production</b></td>
<td><b>Examples of syntactically correct expressions</b></td>
<td><b>Additional semantic rule</b></td>
</tr>
<tr><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td><td style="border-width: 0px; "></td></tr>
<tr><td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-generationExpression">Generation expression</a></td>
- <td><span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(e2, -, -)</span><br><span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(-; e2, -, -)</span></td>
- <td>At least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.activity"><span class="attribute">activity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present.</td>
+ <td><span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(e2, -, -)</span><br/><span class="name">wasGeneratedBy(-; e2, -, -)</span></td>
+ <td>At least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.activity"><span class='attribute'>activity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#generation.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-usageExpression">Usage expression</a></td>
-<td><span class="name">used(a2, -, -)</span><br><span class="name">used(-; a2, -, -)</span></td>
-<td>At least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.entity"><span class="attribute">entity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+<td><span class="name">used(a2, -, -)</span><br/><span class="name">used(-; a2, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.entity"><span class='attribute'>entity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#usage.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-startExpression">Start expression</a></td>
-<td> <span class="name">wasStartedBy(e2, -, -, -)</span><br><span class="name">wasStartedBy(-; e2, -, -, -)</span></td>
-<td>At least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.trigger"><span class="attribute">trigger</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.starter"><span class="attribute">starter</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+<td> <span class="name">wasStartedBy(e2, -, -, -)</span><br/><span class="name">wasStartedBy(-; e2, -, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.trigger"><span class='attribute'>trigger</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.starter"><span class='attribute'>starter</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#start.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-endExpression">End expression</a></td>
-<td><span class="name">wasEndedBy(e2, -, -, -)</span><br><span class="name">wasEndedBy(-; e2, -, -, -)</span></td>
-<td>At least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.trigger"><span class="attribute">trigger</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.ender"><span class="attribute">ender</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+<td><span class="name">wasEndedBy(e2, -, -, -)</span><br/><span class="name">wasEndedBy(-; e2, -, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.trigger"><span class='attribute'>trigger</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.ender"><span class='attribute'>ender</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#end.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-invalidationExpression">Invalidation expression</a></td>
-<td><span class="name">wasInvalidatedBy(e2, -, -)</span> <br><span class="name">wasInvalidatedBy(-; e2, -, -)</span></td>
-<td>At least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.activity"><span class="attribute">activity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.time"><span class="attribute">time</span></a>, and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+<td><span class="name">wasInvalidatedBy(e2, -, -)</span> <br/><span class="name">wasInvalidatedBy(-; e2, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.activity"><span class='attribute'>activity</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.time"><span class='attribute'>time</span></a>, and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#invalidation.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-associationExpression">Association expression</a></td>
-<td><span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(a, -, -)</span> <br><span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(-; a, -, -)</span></td>
-<td>At least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.id"><span class="attribute">id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.agent"><span class="attribute">agent</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.plan"><span class="attribute">plan</span></a>, and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.attributes"><span class="attribute">attributes</span></a> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be present</td>
+<td><span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(a, -, -)</span> <br/><span class="name">wasAssociatedWith(-; a, -, -)</span></td>
+<td>At least one of <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.id"><span class='attribute'>id</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.agent"><span class='attribute'>agent</span></a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.plan"><span class='attribute'>plan</span></a>, and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#association.attributes"><span class='attribute'>attributes</span></a> MUST be present</td>
</tr>
-</tbody></table>
+</table>
</div>
</section>
@@ -2809,25 +2779,26 @@
<section id="document">
-<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">4. </span>Document</h2>
-
-<p>A <dfn id="dfn-document">document</dfn> is a house-keeping construct of PROV-N capable of packaging up PROV-N expressions and namespace declarations. A document forms a self-contained package of provenance descriptions for the purpose of <em>exchanging</em> them. A document may be used
- to package up PROV-N expressions in response to a request for the provenance of something ([<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-AQ">PROV-AQ</a></cite>]).</p>
-
-<p> Given its status of house-keeping construct for the purpose of exchanging provenance expressions, a document is not defined as a PROV-N expression (production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code>).</p>
-
-
-
-
-
-<p>A document's text matches the <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-document">document</a></code> production.</p>
+<h4>Document</h4>
+
+<p>A <dfn>document</dfn> is a house-keeping construct of PROV-N capable of packaging up PROV-N expressions and namespace declarations. A document forms a self-contained package of provenance descriptions for the purpose of <em>exchanging</em> them. A document may be used
+ to package up PROV-N expressions in response to a request for the provenance of something ([[PROV-AQ]]).</p>
+
+<p> Given its status of house keeping construct for the purpose of exchanging provenance expressions, a document is not defined as a PROV-N expression (production <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code>).</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<p>A document's text matches the <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef"
+ href="#prod-document">document</a></code> production.</p>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-document" data-name="prod-document"></a>[<span class="prodNo">1</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">document</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"document" (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></span>)? (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></span>)* (<span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-bundle">bundle</a></span>)* "endDocument"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-document"></tbody>
</table>
<p>A document contains:
-</p><ul>
+<ul>
<li><em>namespaceDeclarations</em>: a set of namespace declarations <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-namespaceDeclarations">namespaceDeclarations</a></code>, declaring namespaces and associated prefixes, which can be used in attributes and identifiers occurring inside <em>expressions</em> or <em>bundles</em>;</li>
<li><em>expressions</em>: a set of expressions, each matching <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-expression">expression</a></code>;</li>
<li><em>bundles</em>: a set of expressions, each matching
@@ -2835,17 +2806,18 @@
</ul>
-<p>Thus, bundles <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> occur inside a document, but do not appear inside other bundles.
+<p>Thus, bundles MAY occur inside a document, but do not appear inside other bundles.
</p>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_45"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_45">Example 45</a></div>
+<div class="anexample">
<p>
The following document contains expressions related to the provenance of entity
<span class="name">e2</span>.
</p>
-<pre class="codeexample">document
+<pre class="codeexample">
+document
default <http://anotherexample.org/>
prefix ex <http://example.org/>
@@ -2858,7 +2830,7 @@
endDocument
</pre>
-<p>This container could, for instance, be returned as the result of a query to a provenance store for the provenance of entity <span class="name">e2</span> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-PROV-AQ">PROV-AQ</a></cite>].
+<p>This container could for instance be returned as the result of a query to a provenance store for the provenance of entity <span class="name">e2</span> [[PROV-AQ]].
</p>
</div>
@@ -2867,42 +2839,47 @@
</section>
<section id="extensibility">
-<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">5. </span>Extensibility</h2>
+<h4>Extensibility</h4>
<p>The PROV data model is extensible by means of attributes <span class="name">prov:type</span> and <span class="name">prov:role</span> allowing subtyping of expressions. For some applications, novel syntax may also be convenient. Hence, the normative requirements are as follow.</p>
<ul>
-<li> PROV-N compliant parsers <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be able to parse expressions matching the <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></code> production defined below.
-</li><li> As PROV provides no definition for these expressions, PROV compliant implementations
- <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> ignore these expressions.</li>
-<li> Extensions to PROV and PROV-N <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> specify more specific productions and interpretations for these expressions, which applications <em class="rfc2119" title="MAY">MAY</em> elect to follow. </li>
+<li> PROV-N compliant parsers MUST be able to parse expressions matching the <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef"
+ href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></code> production defined below.
+<li> As PROV provides no definition for these expressions, PROV compliant implementations
+ MAY ignore these expressions.</li>
+<li> Extensions to PROV and PROV-N MAY specify more specific productions and interpretations for these expressions, which applications MAY elect to follow. </li>
</ul>
<table class="grammar">
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-extensibilityExpression" data-name="prod-extensibilityExpression"></a>[<span class="prodNo">49</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">extensibilityExpression</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content"><span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">QUALIFIED_NAME</a></span> "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalIdentifier">optionalIdentifier</a></span> <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> )* <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-optionalAttributeValuePairs">optionalAttributeValuePairs</a></span> ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-extensibilityArgument" data-name="prod-extensibilityArgument"></a>[<span class="prodNo">50</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">extensibilityArgument</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">( <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-identifierOrMarker">identifierOrMarker</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-literal">literal</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-time">time</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></span> | <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityTuple">extensibilityTuple</a></span> )</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
-<tbody class="prod"> <tr style="vertical-align: baseline; "> <td><a id="prod-extensibilityTuple" data-name="prod-extensibilityTuple"></a>[<span class="prodNo">51</span>] </td> <td><code class="production prod">extensibilityTuple</code></td> <td> ::= </td> <td><code class="content">"{" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> )* "}"<br> | "(" <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> ( "," <span class="prod"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityArgument">extensibilityArgument</a></span> )* ")"</code></td> </tr> </tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-extensibilityExpression"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-extensibilityArgument"></tbody>
+<tbody class="grammar-ref" data-ref="prod-extensibilityTuple"></tbody>
</table>
<p>Expressions compatible with the
-<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></code> production follow a general form of functional syntax, in which the predicate <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> be a
+<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef"
+ href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></code> production follow a general form of functional syntax, in which the predicate MUST be a
<code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-QUALIFIED_NAME">qualifiedName</a></code>
with a non-empty <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/#rPN_PREFIX">prefix</a></code>.</p>
-<div class="anexample" id="example_46"><div class="anexampleTitle"><a class="internalDFN" href="#example_46">Example 46</a></div>
+<div class="anexample">
<p>
<a href="#component6">Collections</a> are sets of entities, whose membership can be expressed using the <span class="name">hadMember</span> relation. The following example shows how one can express membership for <em>dictionaries</em>, an illustrative extension of Collections consisting of sets of key-entity pairs, where a key is a <code><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-literal">literal</a></code>. The notation is a variation of that used for Collections membership, allowing multiple member elements to be declared, and in which the elements are pairs. The name of the relation is qualified with the extension-specific namespace <span class="name">http://example.org/dictionaries</span>.
</p>
-<pre class="codeexample"> prefix dictExt <http://example.org/dictionaries#>
+<pre class="codeexample">
+ prefix dictExt <http://example.org/dictionaries#>
dictExt:hadMembers(mId; d, {("k1",e1), ("k2",e2), ("k3",e3)}, [])
</pre>
-Note that the generic <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef" href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></code> production above allows for alternative notations to be used for expressing membership, if the designers of the extensions so desire. Here is an alternate syntax that is consistent with the productions:
-<pre class="codeexample"> prefix dictExt <http://example.org/dictionaries#>
+Note that the generic <code class="content"><a class="grammarRef"
+ href="#prod-extensibilityExpression">extensibilityExpression</a></code> production above allows for alternative notations to be used for expressing membership, if the designers of the extensions so desire. Here is an alternate syntax that is consistent with the productions:
+<pre class="codeexample">
+ prefix dictExt <http://example.org/dictionaries#>
dictExt:hadMembers(mid; d, dictExt:set(dictExt:pair("k1",e1),
dictExt:pair("k2",e2),
dictExt:pair("k3",e3)),
@@ -2918,8 +2895,8 @@
</section>
-<section id="media-type">
-<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">6. </span>Media Type</h2>
+<section id="media-type">
+<h3>Media Type</h3>
<p>
The media type of PROV-N is <span class="name">text/provenance-notation</span>. The content encoding of PROV-N content is UTF-8.
@@ -2930,12 +2907,12 @@
<dt>Contact:</dt>
<dd>Ivan Herman</dd>
<dt>See also:</dt>
- <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/2002/06/registering-mediatype">How to Register a Media Type for a <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Specification</a></dd>
- <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/tag/2002/0129-mime">Internet Media Type registration, consistency of use</a><br>TAG Finding 3 June 2002 (Revised 4 September 2002)</dd>
+ <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/2002/06/registering-mediatype">How to Register a Media Type for a W3C Specification</a></dd>
+ <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/tag/2002/0129-mime">Internet Media Type registration, consistency of use</a><br />TAG Finding 3 June 2002 (Revised 4 September 2002)</dd>
</dl>
- <p>The Internet Media Type / MIME Type for PROV-N is "text/provenance-notation".</p>
- <p>It is recommended that PROV-N files have the extension ".provn" (all lowercase) on all platforms.</p>
- <p>It is recommended that PROV-N files stored on Macintosh HFS file systems be given a file type of "TEXT".</p>
+ <p>The Internet Media Type / MIME Type for PROV-N is "text/provenance-notation".</p>
+ <p>It is recommended that PROV-N files have the extension ".provn" (all lowercase) on all platforms.</p>
+ <p>It is recommended that PROV-N files stored on Macintosh HFS file systems be given a file type of "TEXT".</p>
<p>The information that follows has been <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/text/provenance-notation">registered with IANA</a>.</p>
<dl>
<dt>Type name:</dt>
@@ -2943,23 +2920,23 @@
<dt>Subtype name:</dt>
<dd>provenance-notation</dd>
<dt>Required parameters:</dt>
- <dd><kbd>charset</kbd> — the value of <kbd>charset</kbd> <em class="rfc2119" title="MUST">MUST</em> always be <kbd>UTF-8</kbd>.</dd>
+ <dd><kbd>charset</kbd> — the value of <kbd>charset</kbd> MUST always be <kbd>UTF-8</kbd>.</dd>
<dt>Optional parameters:</dt>
<dd>None</dd>
<dt>Encoding considerations: 8bit</dt>
- <dd>The syntax of PROV-N is expressed over code points in Unicode [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-UNICODE">UNICODE</a></cite>]. The encoding is always UTF-8 [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-UTF-8">UTF-8</a></cite>].</dd>
+ <dd>The syntax of PROV-N is expressed over code points in Unicode [[!UNICODE]]. The encoding is always UTF-8 [[!UTF-8]].</dd>
<dd>Unicode code points may also be expressed using an \uXXXX (U+0 to U+FFFF) or \UXXXXXXXX syntax (for U+10000 onwards) where X is a hexadecimal digit [0-9A-F]</dd>
<dt>Security considerations:</dt>
- <dd>PROV-N is a general-purpose language for describing the provenance of things; applications may evaluate given data to infer more descriptions or to dereference URIs, invoking the security considerations of the scheme for that URI. Note in particular, the privacy issues in [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3023">RFC3023</a></cite>] section 10 for HTTP URIs. Data obtained from an inaccurate or malicious data source may lead to inaccurate or misleading conclusions, as well as the dereferencing of unintended URIs. Care must be taken to align the trust in consulted resources with the sensitivity of the intended use of the data.</dd>
+ <dd>PROV-N is a general-purpose language for describing the provenance of things; applications may evaluate given data to infer more descriptions or to dereference URIs, invoking the security considerations of the scheme for that URI. Note in particular, the privacy issues in [[!RFC3023]] section 10 for HTTP URIs. Data obtained from an inaccurate or malicious data source may lead to inaccurate or misleading conclusions, as well as the dereferencing of unintended URIs. Care must be taken to align the trust in consulted resources with the sensitivity of the intended use of the data.</dd>
<dd>PROV-N is used to express the provenance of arbitrary application data; security considerations will vary by domain of use. Security tools and protocols applicable to text (e.g. PGP encryption, MD5 sum validation, password-protected compression) may also be used on PROV-N documents. Security/privacy protocols must be imposed which reflect the sensitivity of the embedded information. </dd>
- <dd>PROV-N can express data which is presented to the user, for example, by means of label attributes. Application rendering strings retrieved from untrusted PROV-N documents must ensure that malignant strings may not be used to mislead the reader. The security considerations in the media type registration for XML ([<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3023">RFC3023</a></cite>] section 10) provide additional guidance around the expression of arbitrary data and markup.</dd>
+ <dd>PROV-N can express data which is presented to the user, for example, by means of label attributes. Application rendering strings retrieved from untrusted PROV-N documents must ensure that malignant strings may not be used to mislead the reader. The security considerations in the media type registration for XML ([[!RFC3023]] section 10) provide additional guidance around the expression of arbitrary data and markup.</dd>
<dd>PROV-N is a language for describing the provenance of things, and therefore a PROV-N document is metadata for other resources. Untrusted PROV-N documents may mislead its consumers by indicating that a third-party resource has a reputable lineage, when it has not. Provenance of PROV-N document should be sought. </dd>
<dd>PROV-N uses qualified names mappable to IRIs as term identifiers. Applications interpreting data expressed in PROV-N should address the security issues of
- <a class="norm" href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt">Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs)</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3987">RFC3987</a></cite>] Section 8, as well as
- <a class="norm" href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt">Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3986">RFC3986</a></cite>] Section 7.</dd>
+ <a class="norm" href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt">Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs)</a> [[!RFC3987]] Section 8, as well as
+ <a class="norm" href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt">Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax</a> [[!RFC3986]] Section 7.</dd>
<dd>Multiple IRIs may have the same appearance. Characters in different scripts may
-look similar (a Cyrillic "о" may appear similar to a Latin "o"). A character followed
+look similar (a Cyrillic "о" may appear similar to a Latin "o"). A character followed
by combining characters may have the same visual representation as another character
(LATIN SMALL LETTER E followed by COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT has the same visual representation
as LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE).
@@ -2967,9 +2944,9 @@
Any person or application that is writing or interpreting data in PROV-N must take care to use the IRI that matches the intended semantics, and avoid IRIs that make look similar.
Further information about matching of similar characters can be found
in <a class="inform" href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/">Unicode Security
-Considerations</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-UNISEC">UNISEC</a></cite>] and
+Considerations</a> [[UNISEC]] and
<a class="norm" href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt">Internationalized Resource
-Identifiers (IRIs)</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" href="#bib-RFC3987">RFC3987</a></cite>] Section 8.
+Identifiers (IRIs)</a> [[!RFC3987]] Section 8.
</dd>
<dd>PROV-N offers an extensibility mechanism, which in turn may introduce additional security considerations. For example, predicates in extensibility expressions use qualified names, mappable to IRIs, and appropriate security considerations for IRIs apply too.</dd>
@@ -2988,7 +2965,7 @@
<dt>Base URI:</dt>
<dd>There are no constructs in the PROV-N Syntax to change the Base IRI.</dd>
<dt>Macintosh file type code(s):</dt>
- <dd>"TEXT"</dd>
+ <dd>"TEXT"</dd>
<dt>Person & email address to contact for further information:</dt>
<dd>Ivan Herman, ivan@w3.org</dd>
<dt>Intended usage:</dt>
@@ -2996,66 +2973,74 @@
<dt>Restrictions on usage:</dt>
<dd>None</dd>
<dt>Author/Change controller:</dt>
- <dd>The PROV-N specification is the product of the World Wide Web Consortium's Provenance Working Group. The <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> has change control over this specification.</dd>
+ <dd>The PROV-N specification is the product of the World Wide Web Consortium's Provenance Working Group. The W3C has change control over this specification.</dd>
</dl>
</section>
-
-
-
-
-
-<section class="appendix informative" id="change-log">
- <!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">A. </span>Change Log</h2><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
-
-<section id="changes-since-proposed-recommendation">
- <h3><span class="secno">A.1 </span>Changes since Proposed Recommendation</h3><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
+<div id="glossary_div" class="remove">
+<!-- glossary loaded from glossary.js will be hooked up here,
+ class remove, will remove this element from the final output.
+-->
+</div>
+
+
+<div id="grammar_div" class="remove" style="display:none; ">
+<!-- grammar loaded from glossary.js will be hooked up here,
+ class remove, will remove this element from the final output.
+-->
+</div>
+
+<section class="appendix informative">
+ <h2>Change Log</h2>
+
+<section>
+ <h2>Changes since Proposed Recommendation</h2>
<ul>
<li> Changed the status of this document section.
-</li><li> Changed all URLs to PROV documents.
-</li><li> Updated URL to IANA registered text/provenance-notation mime type.
-</li></ul>
+<li> Changed all URLs to PROV documents.
+<li> Updated URL to IANA registered text/provenance-notation mime type.
+</ul>
</section>
-<section class="appendix informative" id="changes-since-candidate-recommendation">
- <h3><span class="secno">A.2 </span>Changes since Candidate Recommendation</h3><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
+<section class="appendix informative">
+ <h2>Changes since Candidate Recommendation</h2>
<ul>
<li> Checked that all fragments resolved.
-</li><li> Changed the status of this document section: added new documents to the PROV Family of Document, and removed the how to read section, referring instead to PROV-OVERVIEW.
-</li><li> Changed all URLs to PROV documents.
-</li><li> Clarified a sentence about the (non) nesting of bundles.
-</li><li> Added html link to provenance.
-</li><li> Updated security consideration for extensibility feature of PROV-N following IANA feedback.
-</li></ul>
+<li> Changed the status of this document section: added new documents to the PROV Family of Document, and removed the how to read section, referring instead to PROV-OVERVIEW.
+<li> Changed all URLs to PROV documents.
+<li> Clarified a sentence about the (non) nesting of bundles.
+<li> Added html link to provenance.
+<li> Updated security consideration for extensibility feature of PROV-N following IANA feedback.
+</ul>
</section>
-<section class="appendix informative" id="changes-since-last-call">
- <h3><span class="secno">A.3 </span>Changes since last call</h3><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
+<section class="appendix informative">
+ <h2>Changes since last call</h2>
<p> Please see the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ResponsesToPublicComments">Responses to Public Comments on the Last Call Working Draft</a> for more details about the justification of these changes.</p>
<ul>
<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/543">ISSUE-543</a>: Uses key-entity pair terminology for example 43.
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/538">ISSUE-538</a>: Rephrasing of text in example 10.
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/547">ISSUE-547</a>: Aligned terminology and productions with prov-constraints document, renaming 'toplevel bundle' to 'document', and renaming 'named bundle' to 'bundle'.
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/496">ISSUE-496</a>: For each prov-n term, added a cross-reference to corresponding prov-dm term (see table following each production). Rephrased text related to scope of a namespace declaration. Added an informative file with all productions.
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/573">ISSUE-573</a>: Updated Media Type section.
-</li><li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/589">ISSUE-589</a>: Updated scoping rule for prefix-namespace declaration. Also refrained from saying bundles are self-contained.
-</li><li> Moved feature at Risk mention into a separate note.
-</li><li> Editorial's pass pre-publication.
-</li></ul>
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/538">ISSUE-538</a>: Rephrasing of text in example 10.
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/547">ISSUE-547</a>: Aligned terminology and productions with prov-constraints document, renaming 'toplevel bundle' to 'document', and renaming 'named bundle' to 'bundle'.
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/496">ISSUE-496</a>: For each prov-n term, added a cross-reference to corresponding prov-dm term (see table following each production). Rephrased text related to scope of a namespace declaration. Added an informative file with all productions.
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/573">ISSUE-573</a>: Updated Media Type section.
+<li> <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/track/issues/589">ISSUE-589</a>: Updated scoping rule for prefix-namespace declaration. Also refrained from saying bundles are self-contained.
+<li> Moved feature at Risk mention into a separate note.
+<li> Editorial's pass pre-publication.
+</ul>
</section>
</section>
-<section class="appendix informative" id="acknowledgements">
- <!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">B. </span>Acknowledgements</h2><p><em>This section is non-normative.</em></p>
+<section class="appendix informative">
+ <h2>Acknowledgements</h2>
<p>
-This document has been produced by the Provenance Working Group, and its contents reflect extensive discussion within the Working Group as a whole. The editors extend special thanks to Sandro Hawke (<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>/<abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr>) and Ivan Herman (<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>/<abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr>), <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> contacts for the Provenance Working Group.
+This document has been produced by the Provenance Working Group, and its contents reflect extensive discussion within the Working Group as a whole. The editors extend special thanks to Sandro Hawke (W3C/MIT) and Ivan Herman (W3C/ERCIM), W3C contacts for the Provenance Working Group.
</p>
<p>
@@ -3098,9 +3083,9 @@
Paul Groth (Vrije Universiteit),
Olaf Hartig (Invited expert),
David Hau (National Cancer Institute, NCI),
-Sandro Hawke (<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>/<abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr>),
+Sandro Hawke (W3C/MIT),
Jörn Hees (German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) Gmbh),
-Ivan Herman, (<abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr>/<abbr title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr>),
+Ivan Herman, (W3C/ERCIM),
Ralph Hodgson (TopQuadrant),
Hook Hua (Invited expert),
Trung Dong Huynh (University of Southampton),
@@ -3139,28 +3124,4 @@
</section>
-
-<section id="references" class="appendix"><!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">C. </span>References</h2><section id="normative-references"><h3><span class="secno">C.1 </span>Normative references</h3><dl class="bibliography"><dt id="bib-PROV-CONSTRAINTS">[PROV-CONSTRAINTS]</dt><dd>James Cheney; Paolo Missier; Luc Moreau; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/"><cite>Constraints of the PROV Data Model</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-DM">[PROV-DM]</dt><dd>Luc Moreau; Paolo Missier; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/"><cite>PROV-DM: The PROV Data Model</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-O">[PROV-O]</dt><dd>Timothy Lebo; Satya Sahoo; Deborah McGuinness; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/"><cite>PROV-O: The PROV Ontology</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-o-20130430/</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-RDF-SPARQL-QUERY">[RDF-SPARQL-QUERY]</dt><dd>Andy Seaborne; Eric Prud'hommeaux. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115"><cite>SPARQL Query Language for RDF</cite></a>. 15 January 2008. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115">http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-rdf-sparql-query-20080115</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-RFC2119">[RFC2119]</dt><dd>S. Bradner. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt"><cite>Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels.</cite></a> March 1997. Internet RFC 2119. URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-RFC3023">[RFC3023]</dt><dd>M. Murata; S. St.Laurent; D. Kohn. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt"><cite>XML Media Types (RFC 3023)</cite></a>. January 2001. RFC. URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-RFC3986">[RFC3986]</dt><dd>T. Berners-Lee; R. Fielding; L. Masinter. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt"><cite>Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax (RFC 3986)</cite></a>. January 2005. RFC. URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-RFC3987">[RFC3987]</dt><dd>M. Dürst; M. Suignard. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt"><cite>Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs) (RFC 3987)</cite></a>. January 2005. RFC. URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3987.txt</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-UNICODE">[UNICODE]</dt><dd>The Unicode Consortium. <a href="http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/versions/enumeratedversions.html"><cite>The Unicode Standard.</cite></a> Defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 6.2.0, (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2012. ISBN 978-1-936213-07-8) , as updated from time to time by the publication of new versions URL: <a href="http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/versions/enumeratedversions.html">http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/versions/enumeratedversions.html</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-UTF-8">[UTF-8]</dt><dd>F. Yergeau. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt"><cite>UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646</cite></a>. IETF RFC 3629. November 2003. URL: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3629.txt</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-XML-NAMES">[XML-NAMES]</dt><dd>Richard Tobin et al. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/"><cite>Namespaces in XML 1.0 (Third Edition)</cite></a>. 8 December 2009. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-XML11">[XML11]</dt><dd>Eve Maler et al. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816"><cite>Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1 (Second Edition)</cite></a>. 16 August 2006. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816">http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-XMLSCHEMA11-2">[XMLSCHEMA11-2]</dt><dd>Henry S. Thompson et al. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/"><cite>W3C XML Schema Definition Language (XSD) 1.1 Part 2: Datatypes</cite></a>. 5 April 2012. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-xmlschema11-2-20120405/</a>
-</dd></dl></section><section id="informative-references"><h3><span class="secno">C.2 </span>Informative references</h3><dl class="bibliography"><dt id="bib-PROV-AQ">[PROV-AQ]</dt><dd>Graham Klyne; Paul Groth; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/"><cite>Provenance Access and Query</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-aq-20130430/</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-DC">[PROV-DC]</dt><dd>Daniel Garijo; Kai Eckert; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/"><cite>Dublin Core to PROV Mapping</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dc-20130430/</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-DICTIONARY">[PROV-DICTIONARY]</dt><dd>Tom De Nies; Sam Coppens; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/"><cite>PROV Dictionary</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-dictionary-20130430/</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-LINKS">[PROV-LINKS]</dt><dd>Luc Moreau; Timothy Lebo; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/"><cite>Linking Across Provenance Bundles</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-links-20130430/</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-OVERVIEW">[PROV-OVERVIEW]</dt><dd>Paul Groth; Luc Moreau; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/"><cite>PROV-OVERVIEW: An Overview of the PROV Family of Documents</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-overview-20130430/</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-PRIMER">[PROV-PRIMER]</dt><dd>Yolanda Gil; Simon Miles; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/"><cite>PROV Model Primer</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-primer-20130430/</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-RDF">[PROV-RDF]</dt><dd>James Cheney <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ProvRDF"><cite>PROV-RDF Mapping </cite></a>2012, Working in Progress. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ProvRDF">http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/ProvRDF</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-SEM">[PROV-SEM]</dt><dd>James Cheney; ed. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430"><cite>Semantics of the PROV Data Model</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-sem-20130430</a>.
-</dd><dt id="bib-PROV-XML">[PROV-XML]</dt><dd>Hook Hua; Curt Tilmes; Stephan Zednik; eds. <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/"><cite>PROV-XML: The PROV XML Schema</cite></a>. 30 April 2013, W3C Note. URL: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-prov-xml-20130430/</a>
-</dd><dt id="bib-UNISEC">[UNISEC]</dt><dd> Mark Davis; Michel Suignard. <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/"><cite>Unicode Security Considerations<cite></cite></cite></a>. 4 August 2010. URL: <a href="http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/">http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr36/</a>
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