Fixed PROV-DM test cases and generated XML and TTL representations
authorT Dong Huynh <tdh@ecs.soton.ac.uk>
Wed, 28 Nov 2012 00:32:29 +0000
changeset 5181 1ebd4dd6f376
parent 5180 54b7b66e90a0
child 5182 1f1ba486b4e5
Fixed PROV-DM test cases and generated XML and TTL representations
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex16_provenance_notation-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex16_provenance_notation-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex16_provenance_notation-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex17_entity-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex17_entity-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex18_acivity-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex18_acivity-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex18_acivity-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex19_generation-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex19_generation-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex19_generation-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex20_generation-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex20_generation-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex20_generation-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex21_usage-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex21_usage-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex21_usage-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex22_communication-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex22_communication-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex22_communication-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex23_start-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex23_start-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex23_start-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex24_start-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex24_start-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex25_start-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex25_start-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex25_start-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex26_end-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex26_end-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex26_end-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex27_invalidation-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex27_invalidation-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex28_invalidation-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex29_invalidation-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex29_invalidation-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex29_invalidation-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex30_derivation-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex30_derivation-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex31_revision-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex31_revision-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex32_quotation-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex32_quotation-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex33_primary_source-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex33_primary_source-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex34_agent-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex34_agent-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex34_agent-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex35_attribution-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex35_attribution-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex36_association-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex36_association-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex37_association-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex37_association-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex38_delegation-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex38_delegation-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex38_delegation-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex39_influence-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex39_influence-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex39_influence-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex40_bundle-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex40_bundle-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex40_bundle-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex41_bundle-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex41_bundle-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex43_specialization-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex43_specialization-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex44_alternate-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex44_alternate-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex45_alternate-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex45_alternate-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex46_collection-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex46_collection-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex47_membership-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex48_label_attribute-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex48_label_attribute-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex49_location_attribute-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex49_location_attribute-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex50_role_attribute-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex50_role_attribute-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex50_role_attribute-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex51_type_attribute-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex51_type_attribute-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex52_value_attribute-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex52_value_attribute-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex52_value_attribute-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex53_value_attribute-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex53_value_attribute-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex53_value_attribute-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex55_value_time_instant-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex55_value_time_instant-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex56_extensibility_points-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex56_extensibility_points-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex56_extensibility_points-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex57_extensibility_points-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex57_extensibility_points-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex57_extensibility_points-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex58_extensibility_points-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex58_extensibility_points-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex58_extensibility_points-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex_author_view-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex_author_view-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex_process_view-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex_process_view-PASS.ttl
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex_provenance_attribution-PASS.provn
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex_provenance_attribution-PASS.provx
testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex_provenance_attribution-PASS.ttl
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex16_provenance_notation-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex16_provenance_notation-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -13,12 +13,12 @@
 
 // The activity a1 used e1, and e2 was generated by a1.
 
-used(a1, e1)
-wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1)
+used(a1, e1, -)
+wasGeneratedBy(e2, a1, -)
 
 // The same descriptions, but with an explicit identifier u1 for the usage, and the syntactic marker '-' to mark the absence of identifier in the generation. Both are followed by ';'.
 
-used(u1; a1, e1)
-wasGeneratedBy(-; e2, a1)
+used(u1; a1, e1, -)
+wasGeneratedBy(-; e2, a1, -)
 
 endDocument
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex16_provenance_notation-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:activity xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:id="a1">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">createFile</prov:type>
+    </prov:activity>
+    <prov:entity xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:id="e1"/>
+    <prov:entity xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:id="e2"/>
+    <prov:used>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="a1"/>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="e1"/>
+    </prov:used>
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="e2"/>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="a1"/>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+    <prov:used xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:id="u1">
+        <prov:activity prov:ref="a1"/>
+        <prov:entity prov:ref="e1"/>
+    </prov:used>
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="e2"/>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="a1"/>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex16_provenance_notation-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ns1:a1 a prov:Activity ;
+	prov:type "createFile"^^xsd:string .
+
+ns1:e1 a prov:Entity .
+
+ns1:e2 a prov:Entity .
+
+ns1:a1 prov:used ns1:e1 .
+
+ns1:e2 prov:wasGeneratedBy ns1:a1 .
+
+ns1:u1 a prov:Usage ;
+	prov:entity ns1:e1 .
+
+ns1:a1 prov:qualifiedUsage ns1:u1 .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex17_entity-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:id="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">document</prov:type>
+        <ex:version xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" xsi:type="xsd:string">2</ex:version>
+    </prov:entity>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex17_entity-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix tr: <http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "document"^^xsd:string ;
+	<http://example.org/version> "2"^^xsd:string .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex18_acivity-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex18_acivity-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 document
 
+default <http://www.example.org/>
 prefix ex <http://example.org/>
-default <http://www.example.org/> 
 
 // The following expression
 
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex18_acivity-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:id="a1">
+        <prov:startTime>2011-11-16T16:05:00.000Z</prov:startTime>
+        <prov:endTime>2011-11-16T16:06:00.000Z</prov:endTime>
+        <prov:type xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" xsi:type="xsd:QName">ex:edit</prov:type>
+        <ex:host xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" xsi:type="xsd:string">server.example.org</ex:host>
+    </prov:activity>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex18_acivity-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://www.example.org/> .
+@prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ns1:a1 a prov:Activity ;
+	prov:startedAtTime "2011-11-16T16:05:00.000Z"^^xsd:dateTime ;
+	prov:endedAtTime "2011-11-16T16:06:00.000Z"^^xsd:dateTime ;
+	prov:type "ex:edit"^^xsd:QName ;
+	ex:host "server.example.org"^^xsd:string .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex19_generation-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex19_generation-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 document
 
+default <http://www.example.org/>
 prefix ex <http://example.org/>
-default <http://www.example.org/> 
+
 //  The following expressions
 
   wasGeneratedBy(e1, a1, 2001-10-26T21:32:52, [ ex:port="p1" ])
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex19_generation-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+        <prov:time>2001-10-26T21:32:52.000+01:00</prov:time>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="e1"/>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="a1"/>
+        <ex:port xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" xsi:type="xsd:string">p1</ex:port>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+        <prov:time>2001-10-26T10:00:00.000+01:00</prov:time>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="e2"/>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="a1"/>
+        <ex:port xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" xsi:type="xsd:string">p2</ex:port>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex19_generation-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://www.example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ns1:e1 a prov:Entity .
+
+ns1:a1 a prov:Activity .
+
+_:node17d26g6j5x1 a prov:Generation ;
+	prov:activity ns1:a1 .
+
+ns1:e1 prov:qualifiedGeneration _:node17d26g6j5x1 .
+
+_:node17d26g6j5x1 prov:atTime "2001-10-26T21:32:52.000+01:00"^^xsd:dateTime ;
+	<http://example.org/port> "p1"^^xsd:string .
+
+ns1:e1 prov:wasGeneratedBy ns1:a1 .
+
+ns1:e2 a prov:Entity .
+
+_:node17d26g6j5x2 a prov:Generation ;
+	prov:activity ns1:a1 .
+
+ns1:e2 prov:qualifiedGeneration _:node17d26g6j5x2 .
+
+_:node17d26g6j5x2 prov:atTime "2001-10-26T10:00:00.000+01:00"^^xsd:dateTime ;
+	<http://example.org/port> "p2"^^xsd:string .
+
+ns1:e2 prov:wasGeneratedBy ns1:a1 .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex20_generation-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex20_generation-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 document
 
 default <http://www.example.org/> 
+
 // In some cases, we may want to record the time at which an entity was generated without having to specify the activity that generated it. 
 // To support this requirement, the activity element in generation is optional. Hence, the following expression indicates the time at which 
 // an entity is generated, without naming the activity that did it.
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex20_generation-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+        <prov:time>2001-10-26T21:32:52.000+01:00</prov:time>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="e"/>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex20_generation-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://www.example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ns1:e a prov:Entity .
+
+_:node17d26g97fx1 a prov:Generation .
+
+ns1:e prov:qualifiedGeneration _:node17d26g97fx1 .
+
+_:node17d26g97fx1 prov:atTime "2001-10-26T21:32:52.000+01:00"^^xsd:dateTime .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex21_usage-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex21_usage-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 document
 
+default <http://www.example.org/>
 prefix ex <http://example.org/>
-default <http://www.example.org/> 
+
 // The following usages
 
   used(a1, e1, 2011-11-16T16:00:00, [ ex:parameter="p1" ])
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex21_usage-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:used>
+        <prov:time>2011-11-16T16:00:00.000Z</prov:time>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="a1"/>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="e1"/>
+        <ex:parameter xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" xsi:type="xsd:string">p1</ex:parameter>
+    </prov:used>
+    <prov:used>
+        <prov:time>2011-11-16T16:00:01.000Z</prov:time>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="a1"/>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="e2"/>
+        <ex:parameter xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" xsi:type="xsd:string">p2</ex:parameter>
+    </prov:used>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex21_usage-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://www.example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ns1:e1 a prov:Entity .
+
+ns1:a1 a prov:Activity .
+
+_:node17d26gbt5x1 a prov:Usage ;
+	prov:entity ns1:e1 .
+
+ns1:a1 prov:qualifiedUsage _:node17d26gbt5x1 .
+
+_:node17d26gbt5x1 prov:atTime "2011-11-16T16:00:00.000Z"^^xsd:dateTime ;
+	<http://example.org/parameter> "p1"^^xsd:string .
+
+ns1:a1 prov:used ns1:e1 .
+
+ns1:e2 a prov:Entity .
+
+_:node17d26gbt5x2 a prov:Usage ;
+	prov:entity ns1:e2 .
+
+ns1:a1 prov:qualifiedUsage _:node17d26gbt5x2 .
+
+_:node17d26gbt5x2 prov:atTime "2011-11-16T16:00:01.000Z"^^xsd:dateTime ;
+	<http://example.org/parameter> "p2"^^xsd:string .
+
+ns1:a1 prov:used ns1:e2 .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex22_communication-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex22_communication-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 document
 
 default <http://www.example.org/> 
+
 // Consider two activities a1 and a2, the former performed by a government agency, and the latter by a driver caught speeding.
 
 activity(a1, [ prov:type="traffic regulations enforcing" ])
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex22_communication-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:id="a1">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">traffic regulations enforcing</prov:type>
+    </prov:activity>
+    <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:id="a2">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">fine paying</prov:type>
+    </prov:activity>
+    <prov:wasInformedBy>
+        <prov:effect xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="a2"/>
+        <prov:cause xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="a1"/>
+    </prov:wasInformedBy>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex22_communication-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://www.example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ns1:a1 a prov:Activity ;
+	prov:type "traffic regulations enforcing"^^xsd:string .
+
+ns1:a2 a prov:Activity ;
+	prov:type "fine paying"^^xsd:string ;
+	prov:wasInformedBy ns1:a1 .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex23_start-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex23_start-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 // Alternatively, one can also describe the activity that generated the email message.
 
 activity(a0, [ prov:type="Write" ])
-wasGeneratedBy(e1, a0)
+wasGeneratedBy(e1, a0, -)
 wasStartedBy(a1, e1, a0, 2011-11-16T16:05:00)
 
 // If e1 is not known, it would also be valid to write:
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex23_start-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:id="e1">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">email message</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:id="a1">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">Discuss</prov:type>
+    </prov:activity>
+    <prov:wasStartedBy>
+        <prov:time>2011-11-16T16:05:00.000Z</prov:time>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="a1"/>
+        <prov:trigger xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="e1"/>
+    </prov:wasStartedBy>
+    <prov:used>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="a1"/>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="e1"/>
+    </prov:used>
+    <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:id="a0">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">Write</prov:type>
+    </prov:activity>
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="e1"/>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="a0"/>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+    <prov:wasStartedBy>
+        <prov:time>2011-11-16T16:05:00.000Z</prov:time>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="a1"/>
+        <prov:trigger xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="e1"/>
+        <prov:starter xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="a0"/>
+    </prov:wasStartedBy>
+    <prov:wasStartedBy>
+        <prov:time>2011-11-16T16:05:00.000Z</prov:time>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="a1"/>
+        <prov:starter xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="a0"/>
+    </prov:wasStartedBy>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex23_start-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://www.example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ns1:e1 a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "email message"^^xsd:string .
+
+ns1:a1 a prov:Activity ;
+	prov:type "Discuss"^^xsd:string .
+
+_:node17d26ghbjx1 a prov:Start ;
+	prov:entity ns1:e1 .
+
+ns1:a1 prov:qualifiedStart _:node17d26ghbjx1 .
+
+_:node17d26ghbjx1 prov:atTime "2011-11-16T16:05:00.000Z"^^xsd:dateTime .
+
+ns1:a1 prov:wasStartedBy ns1:e1 ;
+	prov:used ns1:e1 .
+
+ns1:a0 a prov:Activity ;
+	prov:type "Write"^^xsd:string .
+
+ns1:e1 prov:wasGeneratedBy ns1:a0 .
+
+_:node17d26ghbjx2 a prov:Start ;
+	prov:entity ns1:e1 .
+
+ns1:a1 prov:qualifiedStart _:node17d26ghbjx2 .
+
+_:node17d26ghbjx2 prov:atTime "2011-11-16T16:05:00.000Z"^^xsd:dateTime ;
+	prov:hadActivity ns1:a0 .
+
+_:node17d26ghbjx3 a prov:Start .
+
+ns1:a1 prov:qualifiedStart _:node17d26ghbjx3 .
+
+_:node17d26ghbjx3 prov:atTime "2011-11-16T16:05:00.000Z"^^xsd:dateTime ;
+	prov:hadActivity ns1:a0 .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex24_start-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:foot_race"/>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:bang"/>
+    <prov:wasStartedBy>
+        <prov:time>2012-03-09T13:05:08.000Z</prov:time>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:foot_race"/>
+        <prov:trigger xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:bang"/>
+    </prov:wasStartedBy>
+    <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:Bob"/>
+    <prov:wasAttributedTo>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:bang"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:Bob"/>
+    </prov:wasAttributedTo>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex24_start-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ex:foot_race a prov:Activity .
+
+ex:bang a prov:Entity .
+
+_:node17d26gk1cx1 a prov:Start ;
+	prov:entity ex:bang .
+
+ex:foot_race prov:qualifiedStart _:node17d26gk1cx1 .
+
+_:node17d26gk1cx1 prov:atTime "2012-03-09T13:05:08.000Z"^^xsd:dateTime .
+
+ex:foot_race prov:wasStartedBy ex:bang .
+
+ex:Bob a prov:Agent .
+
+ex:bang prov:wasAttributedTo ex:Bob .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex25_start-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex25_start-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@
 activity(ex:filling-fuel)
 activity(ex:observing-low-fuel)
 
-agent(ex:driver, [ prov:type='prov:Person'  )
-wasAssociatedWith(ex:filling-fuel, ex:driver)
-wasAssociatedWith(ex:observing-low-fuel, ex:driver)
+agent(ex:driver, [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
+wasAssociatedWith(ex:filling-fuel, ex:driver, -)
+wasAssociatedWith(ex:observing-low-fuel, ex:driver, -)
 
 wasStartedBy(ex:filling-fuel, -, ex:observing-low-fuel, -)
 
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex25_start-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:filling-fuel"/>
+    <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:observing-low-fuel"/>
+    <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:driver">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:Person</prov:type>
+    </prov:agent>
+    <prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:filling-fuel"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:driver"/>
+    </prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+    <prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:observing-low-fuel"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:driver"/>
+    </prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+    <prov:wasStartedBy>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:filling-fuel"/>
+        <prov:starter xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:observing-low-fuel"/>
+    </prov:wasStartedBy>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex25_start-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ex:filling-fuel a prov:Activity .
+
+ex:observing-low-fuel a prov:Activity .
+
+ex:driver a prov:Agent ;
+	prov:type "prov:Person"^^xsd:QName .
+
+ex:filling-fuel prov:wasAssociatedWith ex:driver .
+
+ex:observing-low-fuel prov:wasAssociatedWith ex:driver .
+
+_:node17d26gmnax1 a prov:Start .
+
+ex:filling-fuel prov:qualifiedStart _:node17d26gmnax1 .
+
+_:node17d26gmnax1 prov:hadActivity ex:observing-low-fuel .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex26_end-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex26_end-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 document
 
-default ex <http://www.example.org/>
+default <http://www.example.org/>
 
 // The following example is a description of an activity a1 (editing) that was ended following an approval document e1.
 
 entity(e1, [ prov:type="approval document" ])
 activity(a1, [ prov:type="Editing" ])
-wasEndedBy(a1, e1)
+wasEndedBy(a1, e1, -, -)
 
 endDocument
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex26_end-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:id="e1">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">approval document</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:id="a1">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">Editing</prov:type>
+    </prov:activity>
+    <prov:wasEndedBy>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="a1"/>
+        <prov:trigger xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="e1"/>
+    </prov:wasEndedBy>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex26_end-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://www.example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ns1:e1 a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "approval document"^^xsd:string .
+
+ns1:a1 a prov:Activity ;
+	prov:type "Editing"^^xsd:string ;
+	prov:wasEndedBy ns1:e1 .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex27_invalidation-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:The-Painter"/>
+    <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:Picasso"/>
+    <prov:wasAttributedTo>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:The-Painter"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:Picasso"/>
+    </prov:wasAttributedTo>
+    <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:crash"/>
+    <prov:wasInvalidatedBy>
+        <prov:time>1998-09-03T01:31:00.000+01:00</prov:time>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:The-Painter"/>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:crash"/>
+        <ex:circumstances xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" xsi:type="xsd:string">plane accident</ex:circumstances>
+    </prov:wasInvalidatedBy>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex27_invalidation-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ex:The-Painter a prov:Entity .
+
+ex:Picasso a prov:Agent .
+
+ex:The-Painter prov:wasAttributedTo ex:Picasso .
+
+ex:crash a prov:Activity .
+
+_:node17d26grtpx1 a prov:Invalidation ;
+	prov:activity ex:crash .
+
+ex:The-Painter prov:qualifiedInvalidation _:node17d26grtpx1 .
+
+_:node17d26grtpx1 prov:atTime "1998-09-03T01:31:00.000+01:00"^^xsd:dateTime ;
+	ex:circumstances "plane accident"^^xsd:string .
+
+ex:The-Painter prov:wasInvalidatedBy ex:crash .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex28_invalidation-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:bbcNews2012-04-03"/>
+    <prov:hadMember>
+        <prov:collection xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:bbcNews2012-04-03"/>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:bbc="http://www.bbc.co.uk/" prov:ref="bbc:news/uk-17595024"/>
+    </prov:hadMember>
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+        <prov:time>2012-04-03T00:00:01.000+01:00</prov:time>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:bbcNews2012-04-03"/>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+    <prov:wasInvalidatedBy>
+        <prov:time>2012-04-03T23:59:59.000+01:00</prov:time>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:bbcNews2012-04-03"/>
+    </prov:wasInvalidatedBy>
+</prov:document>
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex29_invalidation-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex29_invalidation-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -16,14 +16,14 @@
 activity(redeemOffer)
 entity(twoBeers)
 
-wasAssociatedWith(redeemOffer, bob)
+wasAssociatedWith(redeemOffer, bob, -)
 used(redeemOffer,
      buy_one_beer_get_one_free_offer_during_happy_hour, 
      2012-03-10T17:15:00)
 wasInvalidatedBy(buy_one_beer_get_one_free_offer_during_happy_hour,
                  redeemOffer,
                  2012-03-10T17:15:00)
-wasGeneratedBy(twoBeers,redeemOffer)
+wasGeneratedBy(twoBeers, redeemOffer, -)
 
 // We see that the offer was both used to be converted into twoBeers and invalidated by the redeemOffer activity: 
 // in other words, the combined usage and invalidation indicate consumption of the offer.
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex29_invalidation-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:id="buy_one_beer_get_one_free_offer_during_happy_hour"/>
+    <prov:wasAttributedTo>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="buy_one_beer_get_one_free_offer_during_happy_hour"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="proprietor"/>
+    </prov:wasAttributedTo>
+    <prov:wasInvalidatedBy>
+        <prov:time>2012-03-10T18:00:00.000Z</prov:time>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="buy_one_beer_get_one_free_offer_during_happy_hour"/>
+    </prov:wasInvalidatedBy>
+    <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:id="buy_one_beer_get_one_free_offer_during_happy_hour"/>
+    <prov:wasAttributedTo>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="buy_one_beer_get_one_free_offer_during_happy_hour"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="proprietor"/>
+    </prov:wasAttributedTo>
+    <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:id="redeemOffer"/>
+    <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:id="twoBeers"/>
+    <prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="redeemOffer"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="bob"/>
+    </prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+    <prov:used>
+        <prov:time>2012-03-10T17:15:00.000Z</prov:time>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="redeemOffer"/>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="buy_one_beer_get_one_free_offer_during_happy_hour"/>
+    </prov:used>
+    <prov:wasInvalidatedBy>
+        <prov:time>2012-03-10T17:15:00.000Z</prov:time>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="buy_one_beer_get_one_free_offer_during_happy_hour"/>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="redeemOffer"/>
+    </prov:wasInvalidatedBy>
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="twoBeers"/>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="redeemOffer"/>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex29_invalidation-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://www.example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ns1:buy_one_beer_get_one_free_offer_during_happy_hour a prov:Entity .
+
+ns1:proprietor a prov:Agent .
+
+ns1:buy_one_beer_get_one_free_offer_during_happy_hour prov:wasAttributedTo ns1:proprietor .
+
+_:node17d26h156x1 a prov:Invalidation .
+
+ns1:buy_one_beer_get_one_free_offer_during_happy_hour prov:qualifiedInvalidation _:node17d26h156x1 .
+
+_:node17d26h156x1 prov:atTime "2012-03-10T18:00:00.000Z"^^xsd:dateTime .
+
+ns1:redeemOffer a prov:Activity .
+
+ns1:twoBeers a prov:Entity .
+
+ns1:bob a prov:Agent .
+
+ns1:redeemOffer prov:wasAssociatedWith ns1:bob .
+
+_:node17d26h156x2 a prov:Usage ;
+	prov:entity ns1:buy_one_beer_get_one_free_offer_during_happy_hour .
+
+ns1:redeemOffer prov:qualifiedUsage _:node17d26h156x2 .
+
+_:node17d26h156x2 prov:atTime "2012-03-10T17:15:00.000Z"^^xsd:dateTime .
+
+ns1:redeemOffer prov:used ns1:buy_one_beer_get_one_free_offer_during_happy_hour .
+
+_:node17d26h156x3 a prov:Invalidation ;
+	prov:activity ns1:redeemOffer .
+
+ns1:buy_one_beer_get_one_free_offer_during_happy_hour prov:qualifiedInvalidation _:node17d26h156x3 .
+
+_:node17d26h156x3 prov:atTime "2012-03-10T17:15:00.000Z"^^xsd:dateTime .
+
+ns1:buy_one_beer_get_one_free_offer_during_happy_hour prov:wasInvalidatedBy ns1:redeemOffer .
+
+ns1:twoBeers prov:wasGeneratedBy ns1:redeemOffer .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex30_derivation-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+        <prov:generatedEntity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="e2"/>
+        <prov:usedEntity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="e1"/>
+    </prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+    <prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+        <prov:generatedEntity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="e2"/>
+        <prov:usedEntity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="e1"/>
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">physical transform</prov:type>
+    </prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+    <prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+        <prov:generation xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="g2"/>
+        <prov:usage xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="u1"/>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="a"/>
+        <prov:generatedEntity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="e2"/>
+        <prov:usedEntity xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="e1"/>
+    </prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:id="g2">
+        <prov:entity prov:ref="e2"/>
+        <prov:activity prov:ref="a"/>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+    <prov:used xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:id="u1">
+        <prov:activity prov:ref="a"/>
+        <prov:entity prov:ref="e1"/>
+    </prov:used>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex30_derivation-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://www.example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ns1:e2 a prov:Entity .
+
+ns1:e1 a prov:Entity .
+
+ns1:e2 prov:wasDerivedFrom ns1:e1 .
+
+_:node17d26h46hx1 a prov:Derivation ;
+	prov:entity ns1:e1 .
+
+ns1:e2 prov:qualifiedDerivation _:node17d26h46hx1 .
+
+_:node17d26h46hx1 prov:type "physical transform"^^xsd:string .
+
+_:node17d26h46hx2 a prov:Derivation ;
+	prov:entity ns1:e1 .
+
+ns1:e2 prov:qualifiedDerivation _:node17d26h46hx2 .
+
+ns1:g2 a prov:Generation .
+
+_:node17d26h46hx2 prov:hadGeneration ns1:g2 .
+
+ns1:u1 a prov:Usage .
+
+_:node17d26h46hx2 prov:hadUsage ns1:u1 .
+
+ns1:a a prov:Activity .
+
+_:node17d26h46hx2 prov:hadActivity ns1:a .
+
+ns1:g2 prov:activity ns1:a .
+
+ns1:e2 prov:qualifiedGeneration ns1:g2 .
+
+ns1:u1 prov:entity ns1:e1 .
+
+ns1:a prov:qualifiedUsage ns1:u1 .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex31_revision-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:id="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215">
+        <prov:type xmlns:rec54="http://www.w3.org/2001/02pd/rec54#" xsi:type="xsd:QName">rec54:WD</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:id="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111018">
+        <prov:type xmlns:rec54="http://www.w3.org/2001/02pd/rec54#" xsi:type="xsd:QName">rec54:WD</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+        <prov:generatedEntity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:ref="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215"/>
+        <prov:usedEntity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:ref="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111018"/>
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:Revision</prov:type>
+    </prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex31_revision-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix rec54: <http://www.w3.org/2001/02pd/rec54#> .
+@prefix tr: <http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "rec54:WD"^^xsd:QName .
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111018 a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "rec54:WD"^^xsd:QName .
+
+_:node17d26h71px1 a prov:Derivation ;
+	prov:entity tr:WD-prov-dm-20111018 .
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 prov:qualifiedDerivation _:node17d26h71px1 .
+
+_:node17d26h71px1 prov:type "prov:Revision"^^xsd:QName .
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 prov:wasDerivedFrom tr:WD-prov-dm-20111018 .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex32_quotation-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:wp="http://thinklinks.wordpress.com/" prov:id="wp:thoughts-from-the-dagstuhl-principles-of-provenance-workshop/"/>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:dm="http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#" prov:id="dm:bl-dagstuhl"/>
+    <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org/" prov:id="ex:Luc"/>
+    <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org/" prov:id="ex:Paul"/>
+    <prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+        <prov:generatedEntity xmlns:dm="http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#" prov:ref="dm:bl-dagstuhl"/>
+        <prov:usedEntity xmlns:wp="http://thinklinks.wordpress.com/" prov:ref="wp:thoughts-from-the-dagstuhl-principles-of-provenance-workshop/"/>
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:Quotation</prov:type>
+    </prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+    <prov:wasAttributedTo>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:dm="http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#" prov:ref="dm:bl-dagstuhl"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="ex:Luc"/>
+    </prov:wasAttributedTo>
+    <prov:wasAttributedTo>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:wp="http://thinklinks.wordpress.com/" prov:ref="wp:thoughts-from-the-dagstuhl-principles-of-provenance-workshop/"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org/" prov:ref="ex:Paul"/>
+    </prov:wasAttributedTo>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex32_quotation-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix dm: <http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://www.example.org/> .
+@prefix wp: <http://thinklinks.wordpress.com/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+<http://thinklinks.wordpress.com/thoughts-from-the-dagstuhl-principles-of-provenance-workshop/> a prov:Entity .
+
+dm:bl-dagstuhl a prov:Entity .
+
+ex:Luc a prov:Agent .
+
+ex:Paul a prov:Agent .
+
+_:node17d26h9jfx1 a prov:Derivation ;
+	prov:entity <http://thinklinks.wordpress.com/thoughts-from-the-dagstuhl-principles-of-provenance-workshop/> .
+
+dm:bl-dagstuhl prov:qualifiedDerivation _:node17d26h9jfx1 .
+
+_:node17d26h9jfx1 prov:type "prov:Quotation"^^xsd:QName .
+
+dm:bl-dagstuhl prov:wasDerivedFrom <http://thinklinks.wordpress.com/thoughts-from-the-dagstuhl-principles-of-provenance-workshop/> ;
+	prov:wasAttributedTo ex:Luc .
+
+<http://thinklinks.wordpress.com/thoughts-from-the-dagstuhl-principles-of-provenance-workshop/> prov:wasAttributedTo ex:Paul .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex33_primary_source-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:la-campagne-de-Russie-1812-1813">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">map</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:revue-d-Histoire-de-la-Pharmacie-t-XVIII">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">journal</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+        <prov:generatedEntity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:la-campagne-de-Russie-1812-1813"/>
+        <prov:usedEntity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:revue-d-Histoire-de-la-Pharmacie-t-XVIII"/>
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:PrimarySource</prov:type>
+    </prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex33_primary_source-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ex:la-campagne-de-Russie-1812-1813 a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "map"^^xsd:string .
+
+ex:revue-d-Histoire-de-la-Pharmacie-t-XVIII a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "journal"^^xsd:string .
+
+_:node17d26hc5nx1 a prov:Derivation ;
+	prov:entity ex:revue-d-Histoire-de-la-Pharmacie-t-XVIII .
+
+ex:la-campagne-de-Russie-1812-1813 prov:qualifiedDerivation _:node17d26hc5nx1 .
+
+_:node17d26hc5nx1 prov:type "prov:PrimarySource"^^xsd:QName .
+
+ex:la-campagne-de-Russie-1812-1813 prov:wasDerivedFrom ex:revue-d-Histoire-de-la-Pharmacie-t-XVIII .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex34_agent-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex34_agent-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 document
 
+default <http://www.example.org/>
 prefix ex <http://example.org/>
-default <http://www.example.org/>
 
 // The following expression is about an agent identified by e1, which is a person, named Alice, with employee number 1234.
 
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex34_agent-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:agent xmlns="http://www.example.org/" prov:id="e1">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:Person</prov:type>
+        <ex:employee xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" xsi:type="xsd:string">1234</ex:employee>
+        <ex:name xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" xsi:type="xsd:string">Alice</ex:name>
+    </prov:agent>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex34_agent-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://www.example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ns1:e1 a prov:Agent ;
+	prov:type "prov:Person"^^xsd:QName ;
+	<http://example.org/employee> "1234"^^xsd:string ;
+	<http://example.org/name> "Alice"^^xsd:string .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex35_attribution-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:Paolo">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:Person</prov:type>
+    </prov:agent>
+    <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:Simon">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:Person</prov:type>
+    </prov:agent>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:id="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215">
+        <prov:type xmlns:rec54="http://www.w3.org/2001/02pd/rec54#" xsi:type="xsd:QName">rec54:WD</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:wasAttributedTo>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:ref="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:Paolo"/>
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">editorship</prov:type>
+    </prov:wasAttributedTo>
+    <prov:wasAttributedTo>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:ref="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:Simon"/>
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">authorship</prov:type>
+    </prov:wasAttributedTo>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex35_attribution-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
+@prefix rec54: <http://www.w3.org/2001/02pd/rec54#> .
+@prefix tr: <http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ex:Paolo a prov:Agent ;
+	prov:type "prov:Person"^^xsd:QName .
+
+ex:Simon a prov:Agent ;
+	prov:type "prov:Person"^^xsd:QName .
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "rec54:WD"^^xsd:QName .
+
+_:node17d26hh8hx1 a prov:Attribution ;
+	prov:agent ex:Paolo .
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 prov:qualifiedAttribution _:node17d26hh8hx1 .
+
+_:node17d26hh8hx1 prov:type "editorship"^^xsd:string .
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 prov:wasAttributedTo ex:Paolo .
+
+_:node17d26hh8hx2 a prov:Attribution ;
+	prov:agent ex:Simon .
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 prov:qualifiedAttribution _:node17d26hh8hx2 .
+
+_:node17d26hh8hx2 prov:type "authorship"^^xsd:string .
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 prov:wasAttributedTo ex:Simon .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex36_association-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:a">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">workflow execution</prov:type>
+    </prov:activity>
+    <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:ag1">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">operator</prov:type>
+    </prov:agent>
+    <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:ag2">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">designer</prov:type>
+    </prov:agent>
+    <prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:a"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:ag1"/>
+        <prov:role xsi:type="xsd:string">loggedInUser</prov:role>
+        <ex:how xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" xsi:type="xsd:string">webapp</ex:how>
+    </prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+    <prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:a"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:ag2"/>
+        <prov:plan xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:wf"/>
+        <prov:role xsi:type="xsd:string">designer</prov:role>
+        <ex:context xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" xsi:type="xsd:string">project1</ex:context>
+    </prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:wf">
+        <prov:label>Workflow 1</prov:label>
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:Plan</prov:type>
+        <prov:location xsi:type="xsd:anyURI">http://example.org/workflow1.bpel</prov:location>
+    </prov:entity>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex36_association-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ex:a a prov:Activity ;
+	prov:type "workflow execution"^^xsd:string .
+
+ex:ag1 a prov:Agent ;
+	prov:type "operator"^^xsd:string .
+
+ex:ag2 a prov:Agent ;
+	prov:type "designer"^^xsd:string .
+
+_:node17d26hjs6x1 a prov:Association ;
+	prov:agent ex:ag1 .
+
+ex:a prov:qualifiedAssociation _:node17d26hjs6x1 .
+
+_:node17d26hjs6x1 prov:role "loggedInUser"^^xsd:string ;
+	ex:how "webapp"^^xsd:string .
+
+ex:a prov:wasAssociatedWith ex:ag1 .
+
+_:node17d26hjs6x2 a prov:Association ;
+	prov:agent ex:ag2 .
+
+ex:a prov:qualifiedAssociation _:node17d26hjs6x2 .
+
+_:node17d26hjs6x2 prov:role "designer"^^xsd:string ;
+	ex:context "project1"^^xsd:string .
+
+ex:wf a prov:Plan .
+
+_:node17d26hjs6x2 prov:hadPlan ex:wf .
+
+ex:a prov:wasAssociatedWith ex:ag2 .
+
+ex:wf a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "prov:Plan"^^xsd:QName ;
+	prov:label "Workflow 1" ;
+	prov:location "http://example.org/workflow1.bpel"^^xsd:anyURI .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex37_association-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:a">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">workflow execution</prov:type>
+    </prov:activity>
+    <prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:a"/>
+        <prov:plan xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:wf"/>
+    </prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:wf">
+        <prov:label>Workflow 1</prov:label>
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:Plan</prov:type>
+        <ex:url xsi:type="xsd:anyURI">http://example.org/workflow1.bpel</ex:url>
+    </prov:entity>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex37_association-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ex:a a prov:Activity ;
+	prov:type "workflow execution"^^xsd:string .
+
+_:node17d26hmkvx1 a prov:Association .
+
+ex:a prov:qualifiedAssociation _:node17d26hmkvx1 .
+
+ex:wf a prov:Plan .
+
+_:node17d26hmkvx1 prov:hadPlan ex:wf .
+
+ex:wf a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "prov:Plan"^^xsd:QName ;
+	prov:label "Workflow 1" ;
+	ex:url "http://example.org/workflow1.bpel"^^xsd:anyURI .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex38_delegation-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex38_delegation-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@
 // specified by the researcher; the researcher acts on behalf of the funder, who has a contractual agreement with the researcher. 
 // The terms 'line-management' and 'contract' used in this example are domain specific.
 
-activity(a,[ prov:type="workflow" ])
+activity(a, [ prov:type="workflow" ])
 agent(ag1, [ prov:type="programmer" ])
 agent(ag2, [ prov:type="researcher" ])
 agent(ag3, [ prov:type="funder" ])
-wasAssociatedWith(a, ag1, [ prov:role="loggedInUser" ])
-wasAssociatedWith(a, ag2)
-wasAssociatedWith(a, ag3)
+wasAssociatedWith(a, ag1, -, [ prov:role="loggedInUser" ])
+wasAssociatedWith(a, ag2, -)
+wasAssociatedWith(a, ag3, -)
 actedOnBehalfOf(ag1, ag2, a, [ prov:type="line-management" ])
 actedOnBehalfOf(ag2, ag3, a, [ prov:type="contract" ])
 
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex38_delegation-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:activity xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:id="a">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">workflow</prov:type>
+    </prov:activity>
+    <prov:agent xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:id="ag1">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">programmer</prov:type>
+    </prov:agent>
+    <prov:agent xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:id="ag2">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">researcher</prov:type>
+    </prov:agent>
+    <prov:agent xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:id="ag3">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">funder</prov:type>
+    </prov:agent>
+    <prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="a"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ag1"/>
+        <prov:role xsi:type="xsd:string">loggedInUser</prov:role>
+    </prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+    <prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="a"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ag2"/>
+    </prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+    <prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="a"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ag3"/>
+    </prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+    <prov:actedOnBehalfOf>
+        <prov:subordinate xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ag1"/>
+        <prov:responsible xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ag2"/>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="a"/>
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">line-management</prov:type>
+    </prov:actedOnBehalfOf>
+    <prov:actedOnBehalfOf>
+        <prov:subordinate xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ag2"/>
+        <prov:responsible xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ag3"/>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://example.org/" prov:ref="a"/>
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">contract</prov:type>
+    </prov:actedOnBehalfOf>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex38_delegation-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ns1:a a prov:Activity ;
+	prov:type "workflow"^^xsd:string .
+
+ns1:ag1 a prov:Agent ;
+	prov:type "programmer"^^xsd:string .
+
+ns1:ag2 a prov:Agent ;
+	prov:type "researcher"^^xsd:string .
+
+ns1:ag3 a prov:Agent ;
+	prov:type "funder"^^xsd:string .
+
+_:node17d26hp9hx1 a prov:Association ;
+	prov:agent ns1:ag1 .
+
+ns1:a prov:qualifiedAssociation _:node17d26hp9hx1 .
+
+_:node17d26hp9hx1 prov:role "loggedInUser"^^xsd:string .
+
+ns1:a prov:wasAssociatedWith ns1:ag1 , ns1:ag2 , ns1:ag3 .
+
+_:node17d26hp9hx2 a prov:Delegation ;
+	prov:agent ns1:ag2 .
+
+ns1:ag1 prov:qualifiedDelegation _:node17d26hp9hx2 .
+
+_:node17d26hp9hx2 prov:type "line-management"^^xsd:string ;
+	prov:hadActivity ns1:a .
+
+ns1:ag1 prov:actedOnBehalfOf ns1:ag2 .
+
+_:node17d26hp9hx3 a prov:Delegation ;
+	prov:agent ns1:ag3 .
+
+ns1:ag2 prov:qualifiedDelegation _:node17d26hp9hx3 .
+
+_:node17d26hp9hx3 prov:type "contract"^^xsd:string ;
+	prov:hadActivity ns1:a .
+
+ns1:ag2 prov:actedOnBehalfOf ns1:ag3 .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex39_influence-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex39_influence-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@
 prefix tr  <http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/>
 prefix w3  <http://www.w3.org/>
 
+entity(tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215)
+agent(w3:Consortium)
+
 // We refer to the example of Section 4.2, and specifically to Figure 3. 
 // We could have expressed that the influence of w3:Consortium on tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215.
 
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex39_influence-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:id="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215"/>
+    <prov:agent xmlns:w3="http://www.w3.org/" prov:id="w3:Consortium"/>
+    <prov:wasInfluencedBy>
+        <prov:influencee xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:ref="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215"/>
+        <prov:influencer xmlns:w3="http://www.w3.org/" prov:ref="w3:Consortium"/>
+    </prov:wasInfluencedBy>
+    <prov:wasAttributedTo>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:ref="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:w3="http://www.w3.org/" prov:ref="w3:Consortium"/>
+    </prov:wasAttributedTo>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex39_influence-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix tr: <http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+@prefix w3: <http://www.w3.org/> .
+
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 a prov:Entity .
+
+w3:Consortium a prov:Agent .
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 prov:wasInfluencedBy w3:Consortium ;
+	prov:wasAttributedTo w3:Consortium .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex40_bundle-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex40_bundle-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -5,25 +5,30 @@
 prefix alice <http://example.org/Alice/>
 
 // Let us consider two entities ex:report1 and ex:report2.
-
- 
 entity(ex:report1, [ prov:type="report", ex:version=1 ])
 wasGeneratedBy(ex:report1, -, 2012-05-24T10:00:01)
 entity(ex:report2, [ prov:type="report", ex:version=2])
 wasGeneratedBy(ex:report2, -, 2012-05-25T11:00:01)
 wasDerivedFrom(ex:report2, ex:report1)
 
+// The first bundle contains the descriptions corresponding to Bob observing the creation of ex:report1. 
+// Its provenance can be described as follows.
+entity(bob:bundle1, [ prov:type='prov:Bundle' ])
+wasGeneratedBy(bob:bundle1, -, 2012-05-24T10:30:00)
+wasAttributedTo(bob:bundle1, ex:Bob)
+
+// In contrast, the second bundle is attributed to Alice who observed the derivation of ex:report2 from ex:report1.
+entity(alice:bundle2, [ prov:type='prov:Bundle' ])
+wasGeneratedBy(alice:bundle2, -, 2012-05-25T11:15:00)
+wasAttributedTo(alice:bundle2, ex:Alice)
+
 // Let us assume that Bob observed the creation of ex:report1. A first bundle can be expressed.
-
- 
 bundle bob:bundle1
   entity(ex:report1, [ prov:type="report", ex:version=1 ])
   wasGeneratedBy(ex:report1, -, 2012-05-24T10:00:01)
 endBundle
 
 // In contrast, Alice observed the creation of ex:report2 and its derivation from ex:report1. A separate bundle can also be expressed.
-
- 
 bundle alice:bundle2
   entity(ex:report1)
   entity(ex:report2, [ prov:type="report", ex:version=2 ])
@@ -31,19 +36,4 @@
   wasDerivedFrom(ex:report2, ex:report1)
 endBundle
 
-// The first bundle contains the descriptions corresponding to Bob observing the creation of ex:report1. 
-// Its provenance can be described as follows.
-
- 
-entity(bob:bundle1, [ prov:type='prov:Bundle' ])
-wasGeneratedBy(bob:bundle1, -, 2012-05-24T10:30:00)
-wasAttributedTo(bob:bundle1, ex:Bob)
-
-// In contrast, the second bundle is attributed to Alice who observed the derivation of ex:report2 from ex:report1.
-
- 
-entity(alice:bundle2, [ prov:type='prov:Bundle' ])
-wasGeneratedBy(alice:bundle2, -, 2012-05-25T11:15:00)
-wasAttributedTo(alice:bundle2, ex:Alice)
-
 endDocument
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex40_bundle-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:report1">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">report</prov:type>
+        <ex:version xsi:type="xsd:int">1</ex:version>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+        <prov:time>2012-05-24T10:00:01.000+01:00</prov:time>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:report1"/>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:report2">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">report</prov:type>
+        <ex:version xsi:type="xsd:int">2</ex:version>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+        <prov:time>2012-05-25T11:00:01.000+01:00</prov:time>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:report2"/>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+    <prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+        <prov:generatedEntity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:report2"/>
+        <prov:usedEntity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:report1"/>
+    </prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:bob="http://example.org/Bob/" prov:id="bob:bundle1">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:Bundle</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+        <prov:time>2012-05-24T10:30:00.000+01:00</prov:time>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:bob="http://example.org/Bob/" prov:ref="bob:bundle1"/>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+    <prov:wasAttributedTo>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:bob="http://example.org/Bob/" prov:ref="bob:bundle1"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:Bob"/>
+    </prov:wasAttributedTo>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:alice="http://example.org/Alice/" prov:id="alice:bundle2">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:Bundle</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+        <prov:time>2012-05-25T11:15:00.000+01:00</prov:time>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:alice="http://example.org/Alice/" prov:ref="alice:bundle2"/>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+    <prov:wasAttributedTo>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:alice="http://example.org/Alice/" prov:ref="alice:bundle2"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:Alice"/>
+    </prov:wasAttributedTo>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex40_bundle-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix alice: <http://example.org/Alice/> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
+@prefix bob: <http://example.org/Bob/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ex:report1 a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "report"^^xsd:string ;
+	ex:version "1"^^xsd:int .
+
+_:node17d26hui6x1 a prov:Generation .
+
+ex:report1 prov:qualifiedGeneration _:node17d26hui6x1 .
+
+_:node17d26hui6x1 prov:atTime "2012-05-24T10:00:01.000+01:00"^^xsd:dateTime .
+
+ex:report2 a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "report"^^xsd:string ;
+	ex:version "2"^^xsd:int .
+
+_:node17d26hui6x2 a prov:Generation .
+
+ex:report2 prov:qualifiedGeneration _:node17d26hui6x2 .
+
+_:node17d26hui6x2 prov:atTime "2012-05-25T11:00:01.000+01:00"^^xsd:dateTime .
+
+ex:report2 prov:wasDerivedFrom ex:report1 .
+
+bob:bundle1 a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "prov:Bundle"^^xsd:QName .
+
+_:node17d26hui6x3 a prov:Generation .
+
+bob:bundle1 prov:qualifiedGeneration _:node17d26hui6x3 .
+
+_:node17d26hui6x3 prov:atTime "2012-05-24T10:30:00.000+01:00"^^xsd:dateTime .
+
+ex:Bob a prov:Agent .
+
+bob:bundle1 prov:wasAttributedTo ex:Bob .
+
+alice:bundle2 a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "prov:Bundle"^^xsd:QName .
+
+_:node17d26hui6x4 a prov:Generation .
+
+alice:bundle2 prov:qualifiedGeneration _:node17d26hui6x4 .
+
+_:node17d26hui6x4 prov:atTime "2012-05-25T11:15:00.000+01:00"^^xsd:dateTime .
+
+ex:Alice a prov:Agent .
+
+alice:bundle2 prov:wasAttributedTo ex:Alice .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex41_bundle-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex41_bundle-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -4,8 +4,13 @@
 prefix agg <http://example.org/aggregator>
 
 // A provenance aggregator could merge two bundles, resulting in a novel bundle, whose provenance is described as follows.
+entity(agg:bundle3, [ prov:type='prov:Bundle' ])
+agent(ex:aggregator01, [ prov:type='ex:Aggregator' ])
+wasAttributedTo(agg:bundle3, ex:aggregator01)
+wasDerivedFrom(agg:bundle3, bob:bundle1)
+wasDerivedFrom(agg:bundle3, alice:bundle2)
 
-
+// The new bundle is given a new identifier agg:bundle3 and is attributed to the ex:aggregator01 agent.
 bundle agg:bundle3
   entity(ex:report1, [ prov:type="report", ex:version=1 ])
   wasGeneratedBy(ex:report1, -, 2012-05-24T10:00:01)
@@ -15,12 +20,4 @@
   wasDerivedFrom(ex:report2, ex:report1)
 endBundle
 
-entity(agg:bundle3, [ prov:type='prov:Bundle' ])
-agent(ex:aggregator01, [ prov:type='ex:Aggregator' ])
-wasAttributedTo(agg:bundle3, ex:aggregator01)
-wasDerivedFrom(agg:bundle3, bob:bundle1)
-wasDerivedFrom(agg:bundle3, alice:bundle2)
-
-// The new bundle is given a new identifier agg:bundle3 and is attributed to the ex:aggregator01 agent.
-
 endDocument
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex41_bundle-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:agg="http://example.org/aggregator" prov:id="agg:bundle3">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:Bundle</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:aggregator01">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">ex:Aggregator</prov:type>
+    </prov:agent>
+    <prov:wasAttributedTo>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:agg="http://example.org/aggregator" prov:ref="agg:bundle3"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:aggregator01"/>
+    </prov:wasAttributedTo>
+    <prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+        <prov:generatedEntity xmlns:agg="http://example.org/aggregator" prov:ref="agg:bundle3"/>
+        <prov:usedEntity xmlns="" prov:ref="bundle1"/>
+    </prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+    <prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+        <prov:generatedEntity xmlns:agg="http://example.org/aggregator" prov:ref="agg:bundle3"/>
+        <prov:usedEntity xmlns="" prov:ref="bundle2"/>
+    </prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex43_specialization-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:specializationOf>
+        <prov:specializedEntity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:bbcNews2012-03-23"/>
+        <prov:generalEntity xmlns:bbc="http://www.bbc.co.uk/" prov:ref="bbc:news/"/>
+    </prov:specializationOf>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex43_specialization-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix bbc: <http://www.bbc.co.uk/> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+ex:bbcNews2012-03-23 a prov:Entity .
+
+<http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/> a prov:Entity .
+
+ex:bbcNews2012-03-23 prov:specializationOf <http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/> .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex44_alternate-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:bbc="http://www.bbc.co.uk/" prov:id="bbc:news/science-environment-17526723">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">a news item for desktop</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:bbc="http://www.bbc.co.uk/" prov:id="bbc:news/mobile/science-environment-17526723">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">a news item for mobile devices</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:alternateOf>
+        <prov:entity2 xmlns:bbc="http://www.bbc.co.uk/" prov:ref="bbc:news/science-environment-17526723"/>
+        <prov:entity1 xmlns:bbc="http://www.bbc.co.uk/" prov:ref="bbc:news/mobile/science-environment-17526723"/>
+    </prov:alternateOf>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex44_alternate-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix bbc: <http://www.bbc.co.uk/> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+<http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-17526723> a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "a news item for desktop"^^xsd:string .
+
+<http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/mobile/science-environment-17526723> a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "a news item for mobile devices"^^xsd:string .
+
+<http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-17526723> prov:alternateOf <http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/mobile/science-environment-17526723> .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex45_alternate-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:id="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111018"/>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:id="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215"/>
+    <prov:alternateOf>
+        <prov:entity2 xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:ref="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111018"/>
+        <prov:entity1 xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:ref="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215"/>
+    </prov:alternateOf>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex45_alternate-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix tr: <http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111018 a prov:Entity .
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 a prov:Entity .
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111018 prov:alternateOf tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex46_collection-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:id="c0">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:EmptyCollection</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:id="c1">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:Collection</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex46_collection-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://www.example.org> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+<http://www.example.orgc0> a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "prov:EmptyCollection"^^xsd:QName .
+
+<http://www.example.orgc1> a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "prov:Collection"^^xsd:QName .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex47_membership-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:id="e0"/>
+    <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:id="e1"/>
+    <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:id="e2"/>
+    <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:id="c">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:Collection</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:hadMember>
+        <prov:collection xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="c"/>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="e0"/>
+    </prov:hadMember>
+    <prov:hadMember>
+        <prov:collection xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="c"/>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="e1"/>
+    </prov:hadMember>
+    <prov:hadMember>
+        <prov:collection xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="c"/>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="e2"/>
+    </prov:hadMember>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex48_label_attribute-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:id="ex:e1">
+        <prov:label>This is a human-readable label</prov:label>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:id="ex:car01">
+        <prov:label xml:lang="fr">Voiture 01</prov:label>
+        <prov:label xml:lang="en">Car 01</prov:label>
+    </prov:entity>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex48_label_attribute-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://www.example.org> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+<http://www.example.orge1> a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:label "This is a human-readable label" .
+
+<http://www.example.orgcar01> a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:label "Voiture 01"@fr , "Car 01"@en .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex49_location_attribute-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:id="ex:MonaLisa">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">StillImage</prov:type>
+        <prov:location xsi:type="xsd:string">Le Louvre, Paris</prov:location>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:id="ex:cell">
+        <prov:location xsi:type="xsd:string">(5,5)</prov:location>
+        <prov:value xsi:type="xsd:integer">10</prov:value>
+    </prov:entity>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex49_location_attribute-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://www.example.org> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+<http://www.example.orgMonaLisa> a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "StillImage"^^xsd:string ;
+	prov:location "Le Louvre, Paris"^^xsd:string .
+
+<http://www.example.orgcell> a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:location "(5,5)"^^xsd:string ;
+	prov:value "10"^^prov:unknownLiteral .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex50_role_attribute-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex50_role_attribute-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 document
 
+default <http://www.example.org>
 prefix ex <http://www.example.org>
-default <http://www.example.org>
 
 // The following activity is associated with an agent acting as the operator.
-	wasAssociatedWith(a, ag, [ prov:role="operator" ])
+	wasAssociatedWith(a, ag, -, [ prov:role="operator" ])
 
 // In the following expression, the activity ex:div01 used entity ex:cell in the role of divisor.
-	used(ex:div01, ex:cell, [ prov:role="divisor" ])
+	used(ex:div01, ex:cell, -, [ prov:role="divisor" ])
 
 endDocument
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex50_role_attribute-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="a"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ag"/>
+        <prov:role xsi:type="xsd:string">operator</prov:role>
+    </prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+    <prov:used>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:div01"/>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:cell"/>
+        <prov:role xsi:type="xsd:string">divisor</prov:role>
+    </prov:used>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex50_role_attribute-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://www.example.org> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+<http://www.example.orga> a prov:Activity .
+
+<http://www.example.orgag> a prov:Agent .
+
+_:node17d26iks9x1 a prov:Association ;
+	prov:agent <http://www.example.orgag> .
+
+<http://www.example.orga> prov:qualifiedAssociation _:node17d26iks9x1 .
+
+_:node17d26iks9x1 prov:role "operator"^^xsd:string .
+
+<http://www.example.orga> prov:wasAssociatedWith <http://www.example.orgag> .
+
+<http://www.example.orgcell> a prov:Entity .
+
+<http://www.example.orgdiv01> a prov:Activity .
+
+_:node17d26iks9x2 a prov:Usage ;
+	prov:entity <http://www.example.orgcell> .
+
+<http://www.example.orgdiv01> prov:qualifiedUsage _:node17d26iks9x2 .
+
+_:node17d26iks9x2 prov:role "divisor"^^xsd:string .
+
+<http://www.example.orgdiv01> prov:used <http://www.example.orgcell> .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex51_type_attribute-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:agent xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:id="ag">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:SoftwareAgent</prov:type>
+    </prov:agent>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex51_type_attribute-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://www.example.org> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+<http://www.example.orgag> a prov:Agent ;
+	prov:type "prov:SoftwareAgent"^^xsd:QName .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex52_value_attribute-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex52_value_attribute-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 entity(ex:in, [ prov:value="abcd" ]) 
 entity(ex:out, [ prov:value=4 ]) 
 activity(ex:len, [ prov:type="string-length" ])
-used(ex:len, ex:in)
-wasGeneratedBy(ex:out, ex:len)
+used(ex:len, ex:in, -)
+wasGeneratedBy(ex:out, ex:len, -)
 wasDerivedFrom(ex:out, ex:in)
 
 endDocument
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex52_value_attribute-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:id="ex:in">
+        <prov:value xsi:type="xsd:string">abcd</prov:value>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:id="ex:out">
+        <prov:value xsi:type="xsd:int">4</prov:value>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:id="ex:len">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">string-length</prov:type>
+    </prov:activity>
+    <prov:used>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:len"/>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:in"/>
+    </prov:used>
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:out"/>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:len"/>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+    <prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+        <prov:generatedEntity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:out"/>
+        <prov:usedEntity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:in"/>
+    </prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex52_value_attribute-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://www.example.org> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+<http://www.example.orgin> a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:value "abcd"^^xsd:string .
+
+<http://www.example.orgout> a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:value "4"^^xsd:int .
+
+<http://www.example.orglen> a prov:Activity ;
+	prov:type "string-length"^^xsd:string ;
+	prov:used <http://www.example.orgin> .
+
+<http://www.example.orgout> prov:wasGeneratedBy <http://www.example.orglen> ;
+	prov:wasDerivedFrom <http://www.example.orgin> .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex53_value_attribute-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex53_value_attribute-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 entity(ex:in2, [ prov:value=1 ]) 
 entity(ex:out2, [ prov:value=4 ])      // ex:out2 also has value 4
 activity(ex:add1, [ prov:type="addition" ])
-used(ex:add1, ex:in1)
-used(ex:add1, ex:in2)
-wasGeneratedBy(ex:out2, ex:add1)
+used(ex:add1, ex:in1, -)
+used(ex:add1, ex:in2, -)
+wasGeneratedBy(ex:out2, ex:add1, -)
 
 endDocument
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex53_value_attribute-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:id="ex:in1">
+        <prov:value xsi:type="xsd:int">3</prov:value>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:id="ex:in2">
+        <prov:value xsi:type="xsd:int">1</prov:value>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:id="ex:out2">
+        <prov:value xsi:type="xsd:int">4</prov:value>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:id="ex:add1">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">addition</prov:type>
+    </prov:activity>
+    <prov:used>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:add1"/>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:in1"/>
+    </prov:used>
+    <prov:used>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:add1"/>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:in2"/>
+    </prov:used>
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:out2"/>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:add1"/>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex53_value_attribute-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://www.example.org> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+<http://www.example.orgin1> a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:value "3"^^xsd:int .
+
+<http://www.example.orgin2> a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:value "1"^^xsd:int .
+
+<http://www.example.orgout2> a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:value "4"^^xsd:int .
+
+<http://www.example.orgadd1> a prov:Activity ;
+	prov:type "addition"^^xsd:string ;
+	prov:used <http://www.example.orgin1> , <http://www.example.orgin2> .
+
+<http://www.example.orgout2> prov:wasGeneratedBy <http://www.example.orgadd1> .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex55_value_time_instant-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:id="e1"/>
+    <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:id="a1"/>
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+        <prov:time>2001-10-26T21:32:52.000+01:00</prov:time>
+        <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="e1"/>
+        <prov:activity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="a1"/>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex55_value_time_instant-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://www.example.org> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+<http://www.example.orge1> a prov:Entity .
+
+<http://www.example.orga1> a prov:Activity .
+
+_:node17d26iv8ax1 a prov:Generation ;
+	prov:activity <http://www.example.orga1> .
+
+<http://www.example.orge1> prov:qualifiedGeneration _:node17d26iv8ax1 .
+
+_:node17d26iv8ax1 prov:atTime "2001-10-26T21:32:52.000+01:00"^^xsd:dateTime .
+
+<http://www.example.orge1> prov:wasGeneratedBy <http://www.example.orga1> .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex56_extensibility_points-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex56_extensibility_points-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 document
 
+	default <http://www.example.org>
 	prefix ex <http://www.example.org>
-	default <http://www.example.org>
 	
 	entity(e1)
 	entity(e2)
+
 // In the following example, e2 is a translation of e1, expressed as a sub-type of derivation.
 	wasDerivedFrom(e2,e1, [prov:type='ex:Translation' ])
 
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex56_extensibility_points-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:id="e1"/>
+    <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:id="e2"/>
+    <prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+        <prov:generatedEntity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="e2"/>
+        <prov:usedEntity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="e1"/>
+        <prov:type xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" xsi:type="xsd:QName">ex:Translation</prov:type>
+    </prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex56_extensibility_points-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://www.example.org> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+<http://www.example.orge1> a prov:Entity .
+
+<http://www.example.orge2> a prov:Entity .
+
+_:node17d26j20tx1 a prov:Derivation ;
+	prov:entity <http://www.example.orge1> .
+
+<http://www.example.orge2> prov:qualifiedDerivation _:node17d26j20tx1 .
+
+_:node17d26j20tx1 prov:type "ex:Translation"^^xsd:QName .
+
+<http://www.example.orge2> prov:wasDerivedFrom <http://www.example.orge1> .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex57_extensibility_points-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex57_extensibility_points-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 document
 
-prefix ex <http://www.example.org>
+default <http://www.example.org>
+prefix ex <http://example.org>
 
 // In the following example, e is described as a Car, a type of entity.
 	entity(e, [prov:type='ex:Car' ])
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex57_extensibility_points-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns="http://www.example.org" prov:id="e">
+        <prov:type xmlns:ex="http://example.org" xsi:type="xsd:QName">ex:Car</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex57_extensibility_points-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ns1: <http://www.example.org> .
+@prefix ex: <http://example.org> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+<http://www.example.orge> a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "ex:Car"^^xsd:QName .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex58_extensibility_points-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex58_extensibility_points-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
   activity(ex:work)
   entity(ex:laptop4)
   entity(ex:desktop9)
-  used(ex:work, ex:laptop4,  [prov:role="day-to-day machine"])
-  used(ex:work, ex:desktop9, [prov:role="backup machine"])
+  used(ex:work, ex:laptop4, -,  [prov:role="day-to-day machine"])
+  used(ex:work, ex:desktop9, -, [prov:role="backup machine"])
 
 endDocument
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex58_extensibility_points-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:id="ex:work"/>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:id="ex:laptop4"/>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:id="ex:desktop9"/>
+    <prov:used>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:work"/>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:laptop4"/>
+        <prov:role xsi:type="xsd:string">day-to-day machine</prov:role>
+    </prov:used>
+    <prov:used>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:work"/>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org" prov:ref="ex:desktop9"/>
+        <prov:role xsi:type="xsd:string">backup machine</prov:role>
+    </prov:used>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex58_extensibility_points-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://www.example.org> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+<http://www.example.orgwork> a prov:Activity .
+
+<http://www.example.orglaptop4> a prov:Entity .
+
+<http://www.example.orgdesktop9> a prov:Entity .
+
+_:node17d26j7a5x1 a prov:Usage ;
+	prov:entity <http://www.example.orglaptop4> .
+
+<http://www.example.orgwork> prov:qualifiedUsage _:node17d26j7a5x1 .
+
+_:node17d26j7a5x1 prov:role "day-to-day machine"^^xsd:string .
+
+<http://www.example.orgwork> prov:used <http://www.example.orglaptop4> .
+
+_:node17d26j7a5x2 a prov:Usage ;
+	prov:entity <http://www.example.orgdesktop9> .
+
+<http://www.example.orgwork> prov:qualifiedUsage _:node17d26j7a5x2 .
+
+_:node17d26j7a5x2 prov:role "backup machine"^^xsd:string .
+
+<http://www.example.orgwork> prov:used <http://www.example.orgdesktop9> .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex_author_view-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:id="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">document</prov:type>
+        <ex:version xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" xsi:type="xsd:string">2</ex:version>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:edit1">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">edit</prov:type>
+    </prov:activity>
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:ref="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215"/>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:edit1"/>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+    <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:Paolo">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:Person</prov:type>
+    </prov:agent>
+    <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:Simon">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:Person</prov:type>
+    </prov:agent>
+    <prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:edit1"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:Paolo"/>
+        <prov:role xsi:type="xsd:string">editor</prov:role>
+    </prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+    <prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:edit1"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:Simon"/>
+        <prov:role xsi:type="xsd:string">contributor</prov:role>
+    </prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex_author_view-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
+@prefix tr: <http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "document"^^xsd:string ;
+	ex:version "2"^^xsd:string .
+
+ex:edit1 a prov:Activity ;
+	prov:type "edit"^^xsd:string .
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 prov:wasGeneratedBy ex:edit1 .
+
+ex:Paolo a prov:Agent ;
+	prov:type "prov:Person"^^xsd:QName .
+
+ex:Simon a prov:Agent ;
+	prov:type "prov:Person"^^xsd:QName .
+
+_:node17d26ja3rx1 a prov:Association ;
+	prov:agent ex:Paolo .
+
+ex:edit1 prov:qualifiedAssociation _:node17d26ja3rx1 .
+
+_:node17d26ja3rx1 prov:role "editor"^^xsd:string .
+
+ex:edit1 prov:wasAssociatedWith ex:Paolo .
+
+_:node17d26ja3rx2 a prov:Association ;
+	prov:agent ex:Simon .
+
+ex:edit1 prov:qualifiedAssociation _:node17d26ja3rx2 .
+
+_:node17d26ja3rx2 prov:role "contributor"^^xsd:string .
+
+ex:edit1 prov:wasAssociatedWith ex:Simon .
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex_process_view-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:id="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215">
+        <prov:type xmlns:rec54="http://www.w3.org/2001/02pd/rec54#" xsi:type="xsd:QName">rec54:WD</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:act2">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:string">publish</prov:type>
+    </prov:activity>
+    <prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:ref="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215"/>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:act2"/>
+    </prov:wasGeneratedBy>
+    <prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+        <prov:generatedEntity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:ref="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215"/>
+        <prov:usedEntity xmlns:tr="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/" prov:ref="tr:WD-prov-dm-20111018"/>
+    </prov:wasDerivedFrom>
+    <prov:used>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:act2"/>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:email="https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Member/w3c-archive/" prov:ref="email:2011Dec/0111"/>
+    </prov:used>
+    <prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+        <prov:activity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:act2"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:w3="http://www.w3.org/" prov:ref="w3:Consortium"/>
+        <prov:plan xmlns:process="http://www.w3.org/2005/10/Process-20051014/tr.html#" prov:ref="process:rec-advance"/>
+    </prov:wasAssociatedWith>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex_process_view-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix process: <http://www.w3.org/2005/10/Process-20051014/tr.html#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix w3: <http://www.w3.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix rec54: <http://www.w3.org/2001/02pd/rec54#> .
+@prefix email: <https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Member/w3c-archive/> .
+@prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
+@prefix tr: <http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "rec54:WD"^^xsd:QName .
+
+ex:act2 a prov:Activity ;
+	prov:type "publish"^^xsd:string .
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 prov:wasGeneratedBy ex:act2 .
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111018 a prov:Entity .
+
+tr:WD-prov-dm-20111215 prov:wasDerivedFrom tr:WD-prov-dm-20111018 .
+
+<https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Member/w3c-archive/2011Dec/0111> a prov:Entity .
+
+ex:act2 prov:used <https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Member/w3c-archive/2011Dec/0111> .
+
+w3:Consortium a prov:Agent .
+
+_:node17d26jcvkx1 a prov:Association ;
+	prov:agent w3:Consortium .
+
+ex:act2 prov:qualifiedAssociation _:node17d26jcvkx1 .
+
+process:rec-advance a prov:Plan .
+
+_:node17d26jcvkx1 prov:hadPlan process:rec-advance .
+
+ex:act2 prov:wasAssociatedWith w3:Consortium .
--- a/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex_provenance_attribution-PASS.provn	Tue Nov 27 22:07:01 2012 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex_provenance_attribution-PASS.provn	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -3,34 +3,25 @@
 prefix ex <http://example.org/>
 prefix w3  <http://www.w3.org/>
 
-// PROV-DM offers a construct to name a bundle of provenance descriptions (full details: ex:author-view).
-
-bundle ex:author-view
-
-  agent(ex:Paolo,   [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
-  agent(ex:Simon,   [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
-
-
-// ...
-
-endBundle
-
-// Likewise, the process view can be expressed as a separate named bundle (full details: ex:process-view).
-
-bundle ex:process-view
-
-   agent(w3:Consortium, [ prov:type='prov:Organization' ])
-
-// ...
-
-endBundle
-
 // To express their respective provenance, these bundles must be seen as entities, and all PROV constructs are now available to express their // provenance. In the example below, ex:author-view is attributed to the agent ex:Simon, whereas ex:process-view to w3:Consortium.
-
 entity(ex:author-view, [ prov:type='prov:Bundle' ])
 wasAttributedTo(ex:author-view, ex:Simon)
 
 entity(ex:process-view, [ prov:type='prov:Bundle' ])
 wasAttributedTo(ex:process-view, w3:Consortium)
 
+
+// PROV-DM offers a construct to name a bundle of provenance descriptions (full details: ex:author-view).
+bundle ex:author-view
+  agent(ex:Paolo,   [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
+  agent(ex:Simon,   [ prov:type='prov:Person' ])
+  // ...
+endBundle
+
+// Likewise, the process view can be expressed as a separate named bundle (full details: ex:process-view).
+bundle ex:process-view
+   agent(w3:Consortium, [ prov:type='prov:Organization' ])
+   // ...
+endBundle
+
 endDocument
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex_provenance_attribution-PASS.provx	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<prov:document xmlns:prov="http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#" xmlns:ns2="http://openprovenance.org/collection#" xmlns:ns3="http://openprovenance.org/validation#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:prim="http://openprovenance.org/primitives#" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:pc1="http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/">
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:author-view">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:Bundle</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:wasAttributedTo>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:author-view"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:Simon"/>
+    </prov:wasAttributedTo>
+    <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:id="ex:process-view">
+        <prov:type xsi:type="xsd:QName">prov:Bundle</prov:type>
+    </prov:entity>
+    <prov:wasAttributedTo>
+        <prov:entity xmlns:ex="http://example.org/" prov:ref="ex:process-view"/>
+        <prov:agent xmlns:w3="http://www.w3.org/" prov:ref="w3:Consortium"/>
+    </prov:wasAttributedTo>
+</prov:document>
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/testcases/prov-dm/prov-dm-ex_provenance_attribution-PASS.ttl	Wed Nov 28 00:32:29 2012 +0000
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
+@prefix prim: <http://openprovenance.org/primitives#> .
+@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
+@prefix xsi: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance> .
+@prefix pc1: <http://www.ipaw.info/pc1/> .
+@prefix w3: <http://www.w3.org/> .
+
+
+ex:author-view a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "prov:Bundle"^^xsd:QName .
+
+ex:Simon a prov:Agent .
+
+ex:author-view prov:wasAttributedTo ex:Simon .
+
+ex:process-view a prov:Entity ;
+	prov:type "prov:Bundle"^^xsd:QName .
+
+w3:Consortium a prov:Agent .
+
+ex:process-view prov:wasAttributedTo w3:Consortium .