--- a/glossary/index.html Thu Feb 28 12:44:13 2013 -0500
+++ b/glossary/index.html Thu Feb 28 16:46:05 2013 -0500
@@ -19,8 +19,7 @@
<section id="abstract">
-<p> This document is a glossary of terms defined and used in the <a href="https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/gld/raw-file/default/bp/index.html">Best Practices for Publishing Linked Data</a> document published by the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/gld/charter">W3C Government Linked Data Working Group</a>. It is intended for use by Linked Data publishers and consumers in order to refer to a common glossary of terms.
-</p>
+<p> This document is a glossary of terms defined and used in the <a href="https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/gld/raw-file/default/bp/index.html">Best Practices for Publishing Linked Data</a> document published by the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/gld/charter">W3C Government Linked Data Working Group</a>. This glossary is intended for publishers new to publishing data using a Linked Data approach, as well as seasoned information professionals publishing to the Web of Data. A Linked Data approach involves explicitly defining relationships between data elements. Linked Data depends on the use of shared or common vocabularies that describe concepts and relationships (also referred to as "terms") to describe and represent a given topic.
</section>
<section id="sotd">
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@
<section class="introductory">
<h2>Scope</h2>
<p>
-This glossary lists terms related to Linked Data. Linked Open Data is a set of techniques for the publication of structured data on the public Web using standard formats and interfaces. Linked Open Data also refers to data that conforms to those techniques. Linked Data is comprised of data described using uniform resource identifiers (URIs), the foundation of the Web. Developers can query Linked Data from multiple sources at once and combine data dynamically on the Web.</p>
+This glossary lists terms related to Linked Data. Linked Open Data is a set of techniques for the publication of structured data on the public Web using standard formats and interfaces. Linked Open Data also refers to data that conforms to those techniques. Linked Data is comprised of data described using HTTP URIs (uniform resource identifiers which are the foundation of the Web. Developers can query Linked Data from multiple sources at once and combine data dynamically on the Web.</p>
</section>
<section>
@@ -38,8 +37,8 @@
</section>
<section>
-<h4>Application Programmer Interface(API)</h4>
-An API (Application Programming Interface) is an abstraction implemented in software that defines how others should make use of a software package such as a library or other reusable program. APIs are used to provide developers access to data and functionality from a given system.
+<h4>API</h4>
+An Application Programming Interface (API) is an abstraction implemented in software that defines how others should make use of a software package such as a library or other reusable program. APIs are used to provide developers access to data and functionality from a given system.
</section>
<section>
@@ -89,7 +88,7 @@
<section>
<h4>D2RQ</h4>
-D2RQ may be used to describe a language definition or an Open Source platform project.
+D2RQ may be used to describe a mapping language definition or an Open Source platform project.
</section>
<section>
@@ -97,6 +96,11 @@
A system for accessing relational databases as virtual, read-only RDF graphs. It offers RDF-based access to the content of relational databases without having to replicate it into an RDF store. The D2RQ Platform allows one to query a non-RDF database using SPARQL, access the content of the database as Linked Data over the Web, create custom dumps in RDF formats for loading into an RDF triplestore, and access information in a non-RDF database using the Apache Jena API. See the <a ref="http://d2rq.org/">D2RQ Open Source Project</a>.
</section>
+<section>
+<h4>D2RQ Mapping Language</h4>
+A declarative lanugage for mapping relational database schemas to RDF vocabularies and OWL ontologies. The language is implmented in the D2RQ Platform. See the <a href="http://d2rq.org/d2rq-language">D2RQ Mapping Language</a> description.
+</section>
+
<section >
<h4>Database to RDF Queueing</h4>
A mechanism to query information in traditional management systems such as relational databases via the SPARQL query language. D2RQ may refer to the language definition or the Open Source Software project.
@@ -138,10 +142,10 @@
A type of resource that bears/carries the description of a Subject.</h4>
</section>
-<section >
-<h4>Directed Acyclic Graph</h4>
-A directed graph (like RDF) with the additional restriction that no loops or cycles are permitted. A cycle is a path from a given node that would allow one to find their way back to the starting node.
-</section >
+<section>
+<h4>DCAT</h4>
+DCAT is an RDF vocabulary designed to facilitate interoperability between data catalogs published on the Web. See <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-dcat/">Data Catalog Vocabulary (DCAT)</a> documentation.
+</section>
<section>
<h4>Directed Graph</h4>
@@ -159,17 +163,22 @@
<section>
<h4>Dublin Core Element Set</h4>
- A vocabulary of fifteen properties for use in resource descriptions, such as may be found in a library card catalog (author, publisher, etc). The most commonly used vocabulary for Semantic Web applications.
+ A vocabulary of fifteen properties for use in resource descriptions, such as may be found in a library card catalog (creator, publisher, etc). The Dublin Core Elecment Set is the most commonly used vocabulary for Linked Data applications. <a href="See http://dublincore.org/documents/dcmi-terms/"> Dublin Core Element Set, Version 1.1 Specification</a>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Dublin Core Metadata Initiative</h4>
-An open international organization engaged in the development of interoperable metadata standards, including the Dublin Core Element Set.
+An open international organization engaged in the development of interoperable metadata standards, including the Dublin Core Element Set. <a href="http://dublincore.org/about-us/">The Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI)</a> supports metadata design and best practices across a broad range of purposes and business models.
</section>
<section>
<h4>Entity</h4>
-Anything that can be named using a URI and serve as the Subject of a description.
+Anything that can be named using an HTTP URL and serve as the Subject of a description.
+</section>
+
+<section>
+<h4>ETL</h4>
+ETL is an abbreviation for extact, transform, load. Used in the Linked Data context to mean pull data from a database (often a relational database), transform to a Linked Data serialization, and load it into an RDF database.
</section>
<section>
@@ -214,12 +223,12 @@
<section>
<h4>JSON</h4>
-JSON has proven to be a highly useful object serialization and messaging format for the Web. In an attempt to harmonize the representation of Linked Data in JSON, a specification outlines a common JSON representation format for expressing directed graphs; mixing both Linked Data and non-Linked Data in a single document is expressed as JSON-LD.
+JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) is syntax for storing and exchanging text based information. JSON has proven to be a highly useful and popular object serialization and messaging format for the Web.
</section>
<section>
<h4>JSON-LD</h4>
-JSON-LD (JavaScript Object Notation for Linking Data) is a lightweight Linked Data format that provides data context. <a href="http://json-ld.org/spec/FCGS/json-ld-syntax/20120626/"> JSON-LD Syntax</a> is easy for humans to read and write as well as, easy for machines to parse and generate. JSON-LD is based on the JSON format and provides a way to allow JSON data interoperate at Web-scale. JSON-LD is an ideal Linked Data interchange language for JavaScript environments, Web service and NoSQL databases.
+JSON-LD (JavaScript Object Notation for Linking Data) is an attempt to harmonize the representation of Linked Data in JSON. JSON-LD is a specification that outlines a common JSON representation format for expressing directed graphs, mixing both Linked Data and non-Linked Data in a single document. JSON-LD is a lightweight Linked Data format that provides data context. <a href="http://json-ld.org/spec/FCGS/json-ld-syntax/20120626/"> JSON-LD Syntax</a> is easy for humans to read and write as well as, easy for machines to parse and generate. JSON-LD is based on the JSON format and provides a way to allow JSON data interoperate at Web-scale. JSON-LD is an appropropriate Linked Data interchange language for JavaScript environments, Web service and NoSQL databases.
</section>
<section>
@@ -233,7 +242,7 @@
</section>
<section>
-<h4>Linked Data Client</h4>
+<h4>Linked Data client</h4>
A client side application that consumes Linked Data using standard Web techniques. A Linked Data Client may resolve URI's to retrieve Linked Data serializations, using appropriate content negotiation, and understands how to make use of those representations once it receives them. A Linked Data client understands standard REST API, for example the Linked Data REST API. There are many examples of Linked Data clients, several include: Tim Berners-Lee's early <a href="http://www.w3.org/2005/ajar/tab.html"> Tabulator browser</a>, <a href="http://www.visualdataweb.org/gfacet.php"> gFacet</a>, and the <a href="http://callimachusproject.org/docs/1.0/articles/callimachus-shell.docbook?view">Callimachus Shell (CaSH)</a>.
</section>
@@ -283,6 +292,16 @@
</section>
<section>
+<h4>Modeling Process</h4>
+To produce high quality Linked Data, subject matter experts often work with developers to capture the context of data and define the relationships of the data. Capturing organizational knowledge about the meaning of the data within the RDF data model means the data is more likely to be reused correctly. Well defined context ensures better understanding, proper reuse, and is critical when establishing linkages to other data sets.
+</section>
+
+<section>
+<h4>N3</h4>
+Abbreviation for Notation3 (N3), a readable RDF syntax used for expressing assertion and logic. N3 is a superset of RDF, extending the RDF model by adding formulae (literals which are graphs themselves), variables, logical implication, and functional predicates.
+</section>
+
+<section>
<h4>Namespace</h4>
A set of names that belongs to a single authority. Namespaces allow different agents to use the same word in different ways.
</section>
@@ -304,6 +323,11 @@
</section>
<section>
+<h4>Open Government Data</h4>
+Open government data broadly refers to content that is published on the public Web in a variety of non-proprietary formats including as XML, CSV and PDF.
+</section>
+
+<section>
<h4>Open World</h4>
The presumption that what is not known to be true may yet be true if additional information is later obtained. The assumption underlying RDF and OWL Full.
</section>
@@ -349,8 +373,8 @@
</section>
<section>
-<h4>RDF (Resource Description Framework)</h4>
- A language for representing information about resources in the World Wide Web. RDF is based on the idea of identifying things using Web identifiers (called Uniform Resource Identifiers, or URIs), and describing resources in terms of simple properties and property values. This enables RDF to represent simple statements about resources as a graph of nodes and arcs representing the resources, and their properties and values [[!RDF-Primer]].
+<h4>RDF</h4>
+Resource Description Framework (RDF), is a general-purpose language for representing information in the Web. RDF is based on the idea of identifying things using Web identifiers or HTTP URIs (Uniform Resource Identifiers), and describing resources in terms of simple properties and property values. This enables RDF to represent simple statements about resources as a graph of nodes and arcs representing the resources, and their properties and values [[!RDF-Primer]].
</section>
<section>
@@ -390,7 +414,12 @@
<section>
<h4>REST</h4>
-REST (Representational State Transfer) is a style of software architecture for distributed systems. REST is the foundation of the World Wide Web and the dominant Web service design model.
+REST (Representational State Transfer) is a style of software architecture for distributed systems that describes six constraints: uniform interface, stateless, cacheable, client-server, layered system, and code on demand (optional). REST is the foundation of the World Wide Web and the dominant Web service design model.
+</section>
+
+<section>
+<h4>REST API</h4>
+An application program interface based on Representational State Transfer (REST).
</section>
<section>
@@ -434,7 +463,7 @@
<section>
<h4>SPARQL</h4>
- Simple Protocol and RDF Query Language (SPARQL) defines a standard query language and data access protocol for use with the Resource Description Framework (RDF) data model.Just as SQL is used to query relational data, SPARQL is used to query graph, or linked, data.
+Simple Protocol and RDF Query Language (SPARQL) defines a standard query language and data access protocol for use with the RDF. Just as SQL is used to query relational data, SPARQL is used to query an RDF database.
</section>
<section>
@@ -489,7 +518,7 @@
<section >
<h4>Turtle</h4>
- An RDF serialization format, designed to be easier to read than others such as RDF/XML. It is also a subset of <a href="#notation-3">N3</a>.
+An RDF serialization format designed to be easier to read than others such as RDF/XML. Turtle allows an RDF graph to be written in a compact and natural text form, with abbreviations for common usage patterns and datatypes. Turtle provides levels of compatibility with the existing N-Triples format as well as, the triple pattern syntax of the SPARQL W3C Recommendation. See W3C <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/turtle/">Terse RDF Triple Language</a> documentation.
</section >
<section >
@@ -532,11 +561,16 @@
<section>
<h4>Web 3.0</h4>
- A colloquial description of the part of the World Wide Web that implements machine-readable data and the ability to perform distributed queries and analysis on that data. Considered synonymous with the phrases "Semantic Web" and "The Web of Data".
-</section >
+A colloquial description of the part of the World Wide Web that implements machine-readable data and the ability to perform distributed queries and analysis on that data. Considered synonymous with the phrases "Semantic Web" and "The Web of Data".
+</section>
<section>
-<h4>Web Ontology Language</h4>
+<h4>Web of Data</h4>
+A phrase to describe publishing data sets using a Linked Data principles thereby making the World Wide Web into a global database.
+</section>
+
+<section>
+<h4>Web Ontology Language (OWL)</h4>
A family of knowledge representation and vocabulary description languages for authoring ontologies, based on RDF and standardized by the W3C. Standardized variants include OWL Full, OWL DL (for "description logic") and OWL Lite.
</section >
@@ -569,7 +603,8 @@
<!-- ACK -->
<section class="appendix">
<h2>Acknowledgments</h2>
-<p>The editors are very thankful for the contributions from David Wood's publication by Springer of Linking Government Data.
+<p>The editors are very thankful for the glossary terms contributed from <a href="http://3roundstones.com/linking-government-data/">Linking Government Data</a> by David Wood, (<a href="http://www.springer.com/computer/database+management+%26+information+retrieval/book/978-1-4614-1766-8">Springer 2011</a>).
+
</p>
</section>
</body>