W3C

Provenance Markup Language (PML 3.0)

W3C Working Draft 17 August 2012

This version:
http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-pml-3-20120817/
Latest published version:
http://www.w3.org/TR/pml-3/
Latest editor's draft:
https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/prov/raw-file/default/pml-3/Overview.html
Previous version:
none
Editors:
Timothy Lebo, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA
Jim McCusker, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA
Authors:
Paulo Pinheiro, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA
Cynthia Chang, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA
Deborah McGuinness, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA

Copyright © 2012-2012 W3C® (MIT, ERCIM, Keio), All Rights Reserved. W3C liability, trademark and document use rules apply.

Abstract

The Provenance Markup Language (PML 3.0) is an OWL ontology that extends W3C's PROV-O with the best parts of PML 2.0.

The namespace for all PROV-O terms is http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#.

The OWL encoding of the PROV Ontology is available here.

Status of This Document

This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be found in the W3C technical reports index at http://www.w3.org/TR/.

This document was published by the Provenance Working Group as a Working Draft. This document is intended to become a W3C Recommendation. If you wish to make comments regarding this document, please send them to public-prov-comments@w3.org (subscribe, archives). All feedback is welcome.

Publication as a Working Draft does not imply endorsement by the W3C Membership. This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this document as other than work in progress.

This document was produced by a group operating under the 5 February 2004 W3C Patent Policy. W3C maintains a public list of any patent disclosures made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains Essential Claim(s) must disclose the information in accordance with section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy.

Table of Contents

1. PML2 provenance ontology

Classes

Predicates

Classes

Class: pml:Author

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Author

SubClass of
prov:Agent
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: pml:Authorship

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Authorship

SubClass of
prov:Attribution blankNode
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: Declarative Rule

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#DeclarativeRule

A declarative inference rule can be fully specified by patterns for premises and its conclusion. For example, Modus Ponens, can be specified by the premise patterns ?A, ?A -> ?B and the conclusion pattern ?B.

SubClass of
prov:Plan
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: Document

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Document

A physical information container that is not actionable. They function like database.

SubClass of
pml:InformationContainer blankNode
SuperClass of
pml:Ontology pml:Webpage
in domain of
in range of

Class: Document Fragment

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#DocumentFragment

When a Document is treated as a one dimensional string, a fragment of the Document may be established with two offsets. The offsets are in units of characters (and not bytes because characters may be multiple bytes).

SubClass of
pml:InformationContainer blankNode blankNode
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: Empty Information

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#EmptyInformation

An instance of information indicating no conclusion has been derived, i.e. empty set of statements. In this case, the rawstring may contain some english message indicating no answer.

SubClass of
pml:Information
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: Format

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Format

A plan for the organization and arrangement of specified information. Examples: binary, text, pdf, etc.

SubClass of
prov:Entity
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: Inference Engine

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#InferenceEngine

An inference engine represents an engine that is able to produce a justification for a conclusion. Note that the phrase "inference engine" applies not only to reasoners but also to other systems like search engines which may justify their answers by direct assertion

SubClass of
prov:SoftwareAgent
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: Information

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Information

A piece of information, e.g. a formula in logic languages, and an utterance/word/phrase/sentence/paragraph/article in natural language. It is used as a range of iw:hasContent. This class and two of its sub-classes enable users to specify four types of semantics (i) Information Annotation - annotate just the format and language used by the content of information; (ii) Information With Content - additionally provide the content of information that is materialized as string without loading a web page; (iii) Information external - additionally provide the URL for fetching the content; and (iv) Information - with every thing including the content string and URL. The second semantics is especially useful when the content is short or mainly used locally. For example, when learning by instruction, the utterances used for learning can be stored within the PML document without being externally stored. By assigning URI reference to information, we can even use owl:sameAs to capture the equivalence of two pieces of information.

SubClass of
prov:Entity blankNode blankNode
SuperClass of
pml:EmptyInformation
in domain of
in range of

Class: Information Container

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#InformationContainer

SubClass of
prov:Entity
SuperClass of
pml:Document pml:DocumentFragment
in domain of
in range of

Class: Language

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Language

The language used to encode the raw string, e.g. English, Knowledge Interchange Format (KIF) , and N3. Languages are in general registered at the core IWRegistry.

SubClass of
prov:Entity
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: Offset Position

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#OffsetPosition

SubClass of
pml:Position blankNode
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: Ontology

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Ontology

An Ontology is a document that describes a vocabulary of terms and their correlations.

SubClass of
pml:Document
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: Ontology

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Ontology

An Ontology is a document that describes a vocabulary of terms and their correlations.

SubClass of
pml:Document
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: Ontology

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Ontology

This is a proper superclass of owl:Ontology, since ontologies may be expressed in formalisms other than OWL.

SubClass of
pml:Document
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: Ontology

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Ontology

This is a proper superclass of owl:Ontology, since ontologies may be expressed in formalisms other than OWL.

SubClass of
pml:Document
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: pml:OwnedEntity

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#OwnedEntity

SubClass of
prov:Entity
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: pml:Owner

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Owner

SubClass of
prov:Agent
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: pml:Ownership

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Ownership

SubClass of
prov:Attribution blankNode blankNode
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: pml:Position

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Position

SubClass of
prov:Location blankNode
SuperClass of
pml:OffsetPosition
in domain of
in range of

Class: Procedural Plan

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#ProceduralPlan

A method inference rule, uses patterns for premises and its conclusions, and additionally contains a method that must be applied. In addition, the conclusion needs to be a valid output of the method, using the premises. For example, procedural attachment is a common encoding form for method rules.

SubClass of
prov:Plan
SuperClass of
pml:TranslationMethod
in domain of
in range of

Class: pml:Publisher

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Publisher

SubClass of
prov:Agent
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: pml:Publishership

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Publishership

SubClass of
prov:Attribution
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: Row Column Location

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#RowColLocation

SubClass of
prov:Location blankNode blankNode blankNode blankNode
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: Sensor

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Sensor

any device that receives a signal or stimulus (as heat or pressure or light or motion etc.) and records it. (WordNet)

SubClass of
prov:Agent
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: Source

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Source

A source refers to the source of information. It is the place where we obtain information.

SubClass of
prov:Entity
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: Translation Method

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#TranslationMethod

Translation rules are special kinds of inference rules which are used to translate expressions from one language to the other.

SubClass of
pml:ProceduralPlan blankNode blankNode
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: Web Service

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#WebService

services implemented by software and available on the Web

SubClass of
prov:SoftwareAgent
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: Website

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#Webpage

Collection of files and related resources accessible through the World Wide Web and organized under a particular domain name. Typical files found at a Web site are HTML documents with their associated graphic image files (GIF, JPEG, etc.), scripted programs (in Perl, CGI, Java, etc.), and similar resources. The site's files are usually accessed through hypertext or hyperlinks embedded in other files. A Web site may consist of a single HTML file, or it may comprise hundreds or thousands of related files. A Web site's usual starting point or opening page, called a home page, usually functions as a table of contents or index, with links to other sections of the site. Web sites are hosted on one or more Web servers, which transfer files to client computers or other servers that request them using the HTTP protocol. Although the term ?ite?implies a single physical location, the files and resources of a Web site may actually be spread among several servers in different geographic locations.(adapted from Britannica Concise Encyclopedia).

SubClass of
pml:Document
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: owl:Thing

IRI: http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Thing

SubClass of
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: prov:Activity

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Activity

SubClass of
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: prov:Agent

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Agent

SubClass of
SuperClass of
pml:Author pml:Owner pml:Sensor pml:Publisher
in domain of
in range of

Class: prov:AgentInfluence

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#AgentInfluence

SubClass of
blankNode
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: prov:Attribution

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Attribution

SubClass of
SuperClass of
pml:Authorship pml:Ownership pml:Publishership
in domain of
in range of

Class: prov:Bundle

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Bundle

SubClass of
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: prov:Collection

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Collection

SubClass of
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: prov:Entity

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Entity

SubClass of
SuperClass of
pml:Information pml:Format pml:Language pml:OwnedEntity pml:InformationContainer pml:Source prov:Plan
in domain of
in range of

Class: prov:Location

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Location

SubClass of
SuperClass of
pml:RowColLocation pml:Position
in domain of
in range of

Class: prov:Plan

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Plan

SubClass of
prov:Entity
SuperClass of
pml:DeclarativeRule pml:ProceduralPlan
in domain of
in range of

Class: prov:Role

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Role

SubClass of
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Class: prov:SoftwareAgent

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#SoftwareAgent

SubClass of
SuperClass of
pml:InferenceEngine pml:WebService
in domain of
in range of

Class: blankNode

IRI: nodeID://b1184340

SubClass of
SuperClass of
in domain of
in range of

Predicates

Predicate:

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#authorOf

SubProperty of
prov:contributed
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate:

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasAuthor

SubProperty of
prov:wasAttributedTo
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: created

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasCreationDateTime

When the artifact has been first created.

SubProperty of
prov:generatedAtTime
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: description

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasDescription

The detailed description of the identified thing, e.g. a web page describing KIF language. An identified thing may have zero to many descriptions that could be written in different languages, format, and etc.

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: encoding

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasEncoding

The content encoding, e.g. "base64". The value of this property helps applications determine the decoder of the raw string.

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: format

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasFormat

it specifies the format of information, e.g. "pdf", "ppt" (Power Point). It is mainly used to determine the appropriate application for process/display purpose.

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: from-column

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasFromCol

The from column of the fragment (inclusive, index based on 1)

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: from-language

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasFromLanguage

language used by the source.

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: from-offset

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasFromOffset

The from offset of the fragment (inclusive, index based on 0).

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: from-row

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasFromRow

The from row of the fragment (inclusive, index based on 1)

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: language

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasLanguage

it specifies the language used to encode information, e.g. "Tony's specialty is shellfish" is encoded in English. This property may also link to a registered formal language such as KIF.

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: last modified

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasModificationDateTime

When the artifact has been modified.

SubProperty of
prov:generatedAtTime
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: owner

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasOwner

the owner of a thing.

SubProperty of
prov:wasAttributedTo
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: published in

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasPublicationDateTime

When the publication is published.

SubProperty of
prov:generatedAtTime
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: publisher

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasPublisher

An agent responsible for making the document publicly available. see also http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/publisher.

SubProperty of
prov:wasAttributedTo
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: to-column

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasToCol

The to column of the fragment (inclusive, index based on 1)

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: to-language

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasToLanguage

language used by the target.

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: to-offset

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasToOffset

The to offset of the fragment (exclusive, index based on 0)

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: to-row

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasToRow

The to row of the fragment (inclusive, index based on 1)

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate: version

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#hasVersion

the version number.

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate:

IRI: http://provenanceweb.org/ontology/pml#qualifiedAuthorship

SubProperty of
prov:qualifiedAttribution
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate:

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/isPartOf

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate:

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#agent

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate:

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#agentOfInfluence

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate:

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate:

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#contributed

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
pml:authorOf
Has domain
Has range

Predicate:

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#entity

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate:

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#generatedAtTime

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
pml:hasCreationDateTime
pml:hasModificationDateTime
pml:hasPublicationDateTime
Has domain
Has range

Predicate:

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#hadRole

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
Has domain
Has range

Predicate:

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedAttribution

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
pml:qualifiedAuthorship
Has domain
Has range

Predicate:

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo

SubProperty of
SuperProperty of
pml:hasAuthor
pml:hasOwner
pml:hasPublisher
Has domain
Has range

Documentation generated using DocuSPeaKr

A. References

A.1 Normative references

No normative references.

A.2 Informative references

No informative references.