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-</style><link href="./ProvenanceModel_files/W3C-ED" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" charset="utf-8"></head>
- <body style="display: inherit; "><div class="head"><p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img width="72" height="48" src="./ProvenanceModel_files/w3c_home" alt="W3C"></a></p><h1 class="title" id="title">Provenance Model</h1><h2 id="subtitle">Initial draft for internal discussion</h2><h2 id="w3c-editor-s-draft-18-july-2011">W3C Editor's Draft 18 July 2011</h2><dl><dt>This version:</dt><dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/D1--NOT-YET-AVAILABLE">http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/D1--NOT-YET-AVAILABLE</a></dd><dt>Latest published version:</dt><dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/PIL-Model/">http://www.w3.org/TR/PIL-Model/</a></dd><dt>Latest editor's draft:</dt><dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/D1--NOT-YET-AVAILABLE">http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/D1--NOT-YET-AVAILABLE</a></dd><dt>Previous version:</dt><dd>none</dd><dt>Editors:</dt><dd><a href="http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~lavm">Luc Moreau</a>, University of Southampton, UK</dd>
-<dd><a href="http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/Paolo.Missier">Paolo Missier</a>, Newcastle University, UK</dd>
-<dt>Author:</dt><dd><span>TBD</span></dd>
-</dl><p class="copyright"><a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a> © 2011 <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><acronym title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</acronym></a><sup>®</sup> (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><acronym title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</acronym></a>, <a href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><acronym title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</acronym></a>, <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>), All Rights Reserved. W3C <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>, <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a> and <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document use</a> rules apply.</p><hr></div>
- <div id="abstract" class="introductory section"><h2>Abstract</h2>
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+ <section id="abstract">
<p>This document defines a data model for Provenance.</p>
<p>
This is a document for internal discussion, which will ultimately
evolve in the first Public Working Draft of the Conceptual Model.</p>
- </div><div id="sotd" class="introductory section"><h2>Status of This Document</h2><p><em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be found in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/">W3C technical reports index</a> at http://www.w3.org/TR/.</em></p><p>This document was published by the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/Main_Page">Provenance Working Group</a> as an Editor's Draft. If you wish to make comments regarding this document, please send them to <a href="mailto:public-prov-wg@w3.org">public-prov-wg@w3.org</a> (<a href="mailto:public-prov-wg-request@w3.org?subject=subscribe">subscribe</a>, <a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-prov-wg/">archives</a>). All feedback is welcome.</p><p>Publication as a Editor's Draft does not imply endorsement by the W3C Membership. This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this document as other than work in progress.</p><p>This document was produced by a group operating under the <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February 2004 W3C Patent Policy</a>. W3C maintains a <a href="" rel="disclosure">public list of any patent disclosures</a> made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy</a>.</p></div><div id="toc" class="section"><h2 class="introductory">Table of Contents</h2><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#introduction" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction<br>
-</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#motivation-and-requirements" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">2. </span>Motivation and Requirements</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#example" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">3. </span>Example</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#about-the-provenance-language" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">4. </span>About the Provenance Language</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#data-model-concepts" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5. </span>Provenance Data Model</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#bob" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.1 </span>BOB</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#concept-ProcessExecution" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.2 </span>Process Execution</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#concept-Generation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.3 </span>Generation<br>
-</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#concept-Use" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.4 </span>Use</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#concept-Derivation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.5 </span>Derivation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#concept-Agent" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.6 </span>Agent</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#concept-IVPOf" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.7 </span>IVP of</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#concept-Time" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.8 </span>Time</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#concept-RecipeLink" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.9 </span>Recipe Link</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#concept-Role" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.10 </span>Role</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#concept-Location" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.11 </span>Location</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#concept-OrderingOfProcesses" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.12 </span>Ordering of Processes</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#concept-Revision" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.13 </span>Revision</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#concept-Participation" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.14 </span>Participation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#concept-Control" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.15 </span>Control</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#concept-ProvenanceContainer" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.16 </span>Provenance Container</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#concept-ViewsOrAccount" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.17 </span>View Or Account</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#concept-Collection" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">5.18 </span>Collection</a></li></ul></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#acknowledgements" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">A. </span>Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B. </span>References</a><ul class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#normative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B.1 </span>Normative references</a></li><li class="tocline"><a href="file:///tmp/ProvenanceModel.html#informative-references" class="tocxref"><span class="secno">B.2 </span>Informative references</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
+ </section>
- <div id="introduction" class="section">
- <!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">1. </span>Introduction<br>
+ <section>
+ <h2>Introduction<br>
</h2>
<p>
The Provenance language that is being defined by this WG, with name to be determined, is an <em>assertion language</em> which allows asserters to make assertions about <em>Entities</em> and activities in the real world (as they view it) and how such entities and activities influence each other. <br>
-</p><div class="note">PM: propose to add a sentence on annotations to assertions, as follows. This WG does not prescribe the means by which assertions are made, for example on the basis of observations, or inferences, or other means. However, it should be possible for asserters to annotate any assertion with a description of the justification for that assertion, as well as additional meta-information, such as authorship of the assertion.</div>
-<p></p>
- </div>
+<div class="note">PM: propose to add a sentence on annotations to assertions, as follows. This WG does not prescribe the means by which assertions are made, for example on the basis of observations, or inferences, or other means. However, it should be possible for asserters to annotate any assertion with a description of the justification for that assertion, as well as additional meta-information, such as authorship of the assertion.</div>
+</p>
+ </section>
- <div id="motivation-and-requirements" class="section">
-<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">2. </span>Motivation and Requirements</h2>
- </div>
+ <section>
+<h2>Motivation and Requirements</h2>
+ </section>
- <div id="example" class="section">
-<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">3. </span>Example</h2>
- </div>
+ <section>
+<h2>Example</h2>
+ </section>
- <div id="about-the-provenance-language" class="section">
-<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">4. </span>About the Provenance Language</h2>
+ <section >
+<h2>About the Provenance Language</h2>
<p>In the world (whether real or not), there are entities, which can be
physical, digital, conceptual, or otherwise, and activities involving
@@ -545,21 +142,21 @@
<div class="note">I find this a bit too informal. I have proposed a rephrasing above</div>.
- </div>
+ </section>
- <div id="data-model-concepts" class="section">
+ <section id="data-model-concepts">
-<!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">5. </span>Provenance Data Model</h2>
+<h2>Provenance Data Model</h2>
<em>For each construct, I tried to follow the template: short
definition/data structure components/properties/inference. </em>
- <div id="bob" class="section">
+ <section>
-<h3><span class="secno">5.1 </span>BOB</h3>
+<h3>BOB</h3>
<p>A <dfn id="dfn-bob" title="BOB">BOB</dfn> represents an identifiable situated entity.</p>
@@ -569,57 +166,57 @@
It includes a set of characteristics, predicate-value pairs, which hold about the situated entity;
</p>
-<div class="note">"whose state and in the world" is that what you wanted to say?</div>
-<div class="note">PLEASE define (a) variant, (b) invariant. This really trips me up as a reader. I think we have agreed that variance/invariance is relative to a scope (time interval, interval between two events?. In any case, these terms must be defined.</div>
+<div class="note">"whose state and in the world" is that what you wanted to say?</div>
+<div class="note">PLEASE define (a) variant, (b) invariant. This really trips me up as a reader. I think we have agreed that variance/invariance is </em>relative</em> to a scope (time interval, interval between two events?. In any case, these terms must be defined.</div>
<p>A BOB assertion:
-</p><ul>
-<li> <em class="rfc2119" title="may">may</em> contain an identity;</li>
+<ul>
+<li> MAY contain an identity;</li>
<li> contains a set of characteristics, predicate-value pairs.</li>
</ul>
-<p>A situated entity <em class="rfc2119" title="must">must</em> exist instantaneously or for a continuous time interval. If a BOB's characteristics hold over multiple time intervals, then we are dealing with multiple situated entities, each with their respective identity.</p>
+<p>A situated entity MUST exist instantaneously or for a continuous time interval. If a BOB's characteristics hold over multiple time intervals, then we are dealing with multiple situated entities, each with their respective identity.</p>
-<p>Identity in a BOB assertion is <em class="rfc2119" title="optional">optional</em> to allow for a so far unidentified (though still identifiable!) entities.</p><p>
+<p>Identity in a BOB assertion is OPTIONAL to allow for a so far unidentified (though still identifiable!) entities.<p>
-</p><p>There is no assumption that the set of characteristics is complete,
+<p>There is no assumption that the set of characteristics is complete,
that the characteristics are independent/orthogonal of each other, or
that the characteristics hold for a continuous time interval.</p>
- </div>
+ </section>
- <div id="concept-ProcessExecution" class="section">
+ <section id="concept-ProcessExecution">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.2 </span>Process Execution</h3>
+<h3>Process Execution</h3>
<p>A <dfn id="dfn-ProcessExecution">process execution</dfn> represents an identifiable activity that performs a piece of work.
-</p><div class="note">" that performs a piece of work" is redundant as at the top we write that "activity" is a primitive concept to be interpreted in its "informal meaning"</div>
-<p></p>
+<div class="note">" that performs a piece of work" is redundant as at the top we write that "activity" is a primitive concept to be interpreted in its "informal meaning"</div>
+</p>
<p>The activity that a process execution represents has a duration, delimited by its start and its end; hence, it occurs over a continuous time interval.</p>
<p> A process execution assertion:
-</p><ul>
-<li> <em class="rfc2119" title="may">may</em> contain an identity;
-</li><li> <em class="rfc2119" title="may">may</em> contain a recipe link;
+<ul>
+<li> MAY contain an identity;
+<li> MAY contain a recipe link;
<div class="note">NB <em>recipe</em> undefined at this point</div>
-</li><li> <em class="rfc2119" title="may">may</em> contain a start time;
-</li><li> <em class="rfc2119" title="may">may</em> contain an end time.
-</li></ul>
-<p></p>
+<li> MAY contain a start time;
+<li> MAY contain an end time.
+</ul>
+</p>
-<p>Identity in a process execution assertion is <em class="rfc2119" title="optional">optional</em> to allow for
-unidentified (though still identifiable!) process executions.</p><p>
+<p>Identity in a process execution assertion is OPTIONAL to allow for
+unidentified (though still identifiable!) process executions.<p>
-</p><p>From the assertion of a process execution, one can infer that the start precedes the end of the represented activity. </p>
+<p>From the assertion of a process execution, one can infer that the start precedes the end of the represented activity. </p>
-</div>
+</section>
-<div id="concept-Generation" class="section">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.3 </span>Generation<br>
+<section id="concept-Generation">
+<h3>Generation<br>
</h3>
@@ -630,22 +227,22 @@
<p>A Generation assertion:
-</p><ul>
+<ul>
<li> refers to a process execution;
-</li><li> refers to a BOB, which represents the situated entity that is consumed;
+<li> refers to a BOB, which represents the situated entity that is consumed;
<div class="note">Consumed?? </div>
-</li><li> contains a role, distinguishing all possible generations of a same BOB by a same process execution;
+<li> contains a role, distinguishing all possible generations of a same BOB by a same process execution;
<div class="note"> role? bullet item above not clear at all to me. All of a sudden we have multiple possible generations by the same process? this is going to be confusing.</div>
-</li><li> <em class="rfc2119" title="may">may</em> contain a "generation time", the time at which the situated entity was consumed.<p></p>
-</li></ul>
-<p></p>
+<li> MAY contain a "generation time", the time at which the situated entity was consumed.</p>
+</ul>
+</p>
<p>A given BOB can be generated at most by one process execution.</p>
<div class="note"> I hope we can discuss the two statements below. Suddenly we have a relational notation for Generation. For consistency with the list above, I would put pe before x.</div>
-<div class="note"> Also: characteristics -> properties?</div>
+<div class="note"> Also: characteristics -> properties?</div>
<p>Given an assertion <b>Generated(x,pe,r)</b> or <b>Generated(x,pe,r,t)</b>, the
activity denoted by <b>pe</b> and the entities used by <b>pe</b> dermine values of some of <b>x</b>'s characteristics.</p>
@@ -655,23 +252,23 @@
of <b>pe</b> and follows the beginning of <b>pe</b>.
</p>
-</div>
+</section>
-<div id="concept-Use" class="section">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.4 </span>Use</h3>
+<section id="concept-Use">
+<h3>Use</h3>
<p><dfn id="dfn-Use">Use</dfn> represents the consumption of a situated entity by an activity.</p>
<p>A Use assertion:
-</p><ul>
+<ul>
<li> contains a process execution;
-</li><li> contains a BOB, representing the situated entity that is used;
-</li><li> contains a role, distinguishing all possible uses of a same BOB by a same process execution;
-</li><li> <em class="rfc2119" title="may">may</em> contain a "use time", the time at which the situated entity was used.<p></p>
-</li></ul>
-<p></p>
+<li> contains a BOB, representing the situated entity that is used;
+<li> contains a role, distinguishing all possible uses of a same BOB by a same process execution;
+<li> MAY contain a "use time", the time at which the situated entity was used.</p>
+</ul>
+</p>
<p>A given process execution is allowed to use a given BOB multiple
times, but each of those uses must have a different role.</p>
@@ -690,21 +287,21 @@
can infer that the generation of the entity <b>x</b> always precedes
its use. </p>
-</div>
+</section>
-<div id="concept-Derivation" class="section">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.5 </span>Derivation</h3>
+<section id="concept-Derivation">
+<h3>Derivation</h3>
<p><dfn id="dfn-Derivation">Derivation</dfn> expresses that some situated entity is transformed from, created from, or affected by another situated entity. </p>
<p>A Derivation assertion:
-</p><ul>
+<ul>
<li> contains a BOB, denoting the generated situated entity;
-</li><li> contains a BOB, denoting the used situated entity.
-</li></ul>
-<p></p>
+<li> contains a BOB, denoting the used situated entity.
+</ul>
+</p>
@@ -718,10 +315,10 @@
of situated entity denoted by <b>A</b> precedes the generation of
the situated entity denoted by <b>B</b>.
-</p></div>
+</section>
-<div id="concept-Agent" class="section">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.6 </span>Agent</h3>
+<section id="concept-Agent">
+<h3>Agent</h3>
@@ -731,19 +328,19 @@
<p>A situated entity can be asserted to be an agent or can be inferred to be
an agent by involvement in a process execution. </p>
-</div>
+</section>
<div class="note">I would still like to see entities that "play the role of Agent" in the context of a process execution, as opposed to <em>be</em> an agent</div>
-<div id="concept-IVPOf" class="section">
+<section id="concept-IVPOf">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.7 </span>IVP of</h3>
+<h3>IVP of</h3>
<p><dfn id="dfn-IVPof">IVP of</dfn> represents a relationship between two situated entities that are the same entity over some continuous time interval.</p>
<p>An IVP assertion is denoted <b>IVPof(B,A)</b>, where A and B are two BOBs.
-</p><div class="note"> What follows below definitely needs revision</div>
+<div class="note"> What follows below definitely needs revision</div>
<p>Let A and B be two entity states. An assertion "B is an IVP of A"
indicates that, for its asserter, A and B represent the same entity in
@@ -752,26 +349,26 @@
<p>
An assertion "B is an IVP of A" holds, <em>only if</em>:
-</p><ol>
+<ol>
<li>the characteristics A and B share must have equal values
</li><li>something that changed in A has become a characteristics of B
</li></ol>
Furthermore, B has invariant properties that have no correspondent for A
-<p></p>
-</div>
+</p>
+</section>
-<div id="concept-Time" class="section">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.8 </span>Time</h3>
+<section id="concept-Time">
+<h3>Time</h3>
<p><dfn id="dfn-time">Time</dfn> is defined according to ISO 8601.</p>
-<p>It is <em class="rfc2119" title="optional">optional</em> to assert time in use, generation, and process execution.</p>
+<p>It is OPTIONAL to assert time in use, generation, and process execution.</p>
-</div>
+</section>
-<div id="concept-RecipeLink" class="section">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.9 </span>Recipe Link</h3>
+<section id="concept-RecipeLink">
+<h3>Recipe Link</h3>
<div class="note">move this close to Process Execution, as they seem to mutually refer to each other (which is ok but requires explaining)</div>
@@ -779,7 +376,7 @@
</p>
<p>
-It is <em class="rfc2119" title="optional">optional</em> to assert recipe links.
+It is OPTIONAL to assert recipe links.
</p>
@@ -787,17 +384,17 @@
Process specifications, as referred to by recipe links, are out of scope of this specification.
</p>
-</div>
+</section>
-<div id="concept-Role" class="section">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.10 </span>Role</h3>
+<section id="concept-Role">
+<h3>Role</h3>
<div class="note">move above first use. </div>
<p>A <dfn id="dfn-Role">role</dfn> is the function assumed by a BOB or
an agent with respect to a specific process execution.</p>
-<p>Use, Generation, and Control assertions <em class="rfc2119" title="must">must</em> contain a role.</p>
+<p>Use, Generation, and Control assertions MUST contain a role.</p>
<p>There is at most one occurrence of a given role for all Use, Generation and Control assertions for a given process execution.</p>
@@ -810,27 +407,27 @@
-</div>
+</section>
-<div id="concept-Location" class="section">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.11 </span>Location</h3>
+<section id="concept-Location">
+<h3>Location</h3>
<p><dfn id="dfn-Location">Location</dfn> is an identifiable geographic place (ISO 19112). As such, there are numerous ways in which location can be specified, such as by a coordinate, address, landmark, row, column, and so forth.</p>
<p>
-Location is an <em class="rfc2119" title="optional">optional</em> characteristics of
+Location is an OPTIONAL characteristics of
BOB, process execution, and agent.
</p>
-</div>
+</section>
-<div id="concept-OrderingOfProcesses" class="section">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.12 </span>Ordering of Processes</h3>
-</div>
+<section id="concept-OrderingOfProcesses">
+<h3>Ordering of Processes</h3>
+</section>
<p>Various relationships of temporal nature exist between process executions.
<dfn id="ControlOrdering">Control ordering</dfn> means that the end of
@@ -840,77 +437,77 @@
</p>
<p>An assertion isScheduledAfter:
-</p><ul>
+<ul>
<li> contains a process execution;
-</li><li> contains a process execution.
-</li></ul>
-<p></p>
+<li> contains a process execution.
+</ul>
+</p>
<p>An assertion isInformedBy:
-</p><ul>
+<ul>
<li> contains a process execution;
-</li><li> contains a process execution.
-</li></ul>
-<p></p>
+<li> contains a process execution.
+</ul>
+</p>
-<div id="concept-Revision" class="section">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.13 </span>Revision</h3>
+<section id="concept-Revision">
+<h3>Revision</h3>
<p> <dfn id="dfn-Revision">Revision</dfn> represents the creation of a situated entity considered to be a variant of another. </p>
<p>An assertion isRevisionOf:
-</p><ul>
+<ul>
<li> contains a BOB, denoting a older version of an entity;
-</li><li> contains a BOB, denoting a newer version of an entity;
-</li><li> <em class="rfc2119" title="may">may</em> contain a responsible agent.
-</li></ul>
-<p></p>
+<li> contains a BOB, denoting a newer version of an entity;
+<li> MAY contain a responsible agent.
+</ul>
+</p>
<p>
From an assertion <b>isRevisionOf(new,old,ag)</b>, one can infer that:
-</p><ul>
+<ul>
<li> The situated entity denoted by <b>new</b> is derived from the situated entity denoted by <b>old</b>
-</li><li> There exists a BOB <b>X</b>, such that:
+<li> There exists a BOB <b>X</b>, such that:
<ul>
<li> <b>new</b> isIVP of <b>X</b>;
-</li><li> <b>old</b> isIVP of <b>X</b>;
-</li><li> <b>X</b> <em class="rfc2119" title="may">may</em> have been asserted.
-</li></ul>
-</li></ul>
-<p></p>
+<li> <b>old</b> isIVP of <b>X</b>;
+<li> <b>X</b> MAY have been asserted.
+</ul>
+</ul>
+</p>
-</div>
+</section>
-<div id="concept-Participation" class="section">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.14 </span>Participation</h3>
-</div>
+<section id="concept-Participation">
+<h3>Participation</h3>
+</section>
-<div id="concept-Control" class="section">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.15 </span>Control</h3>
+<section id="concept-Control">
+<h3>Control</h3>
<p> <dfn id="dfn-Control">Control</dfn> represents the starting or ending of a process execution by an agent. </p>
<p>An assertion <b>startedBy(pe,ag,r)</b>:
-</p><ul>
+<ul>
<li> contains a process execution;
-</li><li> contains an agent;
-</li><li> contains a role.
-</li></ul>
-<p></p>
+<li> contains an agent;
+<li> contains a role.
+</ul>
+</p>
<p>An assertion <b>endedBy(pe,ag,r)</b>:
-</p><ul>
+<ul>
<li> contains a process execution;
-</li><li> contains an agent;
-</li><li> contains a role.
-</li></ul>
-<p></p>
+<li> contains an agent;
+<li> contains a role.
+</ul>
+</p>
<p>
The convenience assertion <b>controlledBy(pe,ag,r)</b> is
@@ -919,30 +516,29 @@
<p><em> Can multiple agents control a process execution? If so, what does it mean to have a start/end time?</em> </p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="concept-ProvenanceContainer" class="section">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.16 </span>Provenance Container</h3>
-</div>
+</section>
-<div id="concept-ViewsOrAccount" class="section">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.17 </span>View Or Account</h3>
-</div>
+<section id="concept-ProvenanceContainer">
+<h3>Provenance Container</h3>
+</section>
-<div id="concept-Collection" class="section">
-<h3><span class="secno">5.18 </span>Collection</h3>
-</div>
+<section id="concept-ViewsOrAccount">
+<h3>View Or Account</h3>
+</section>
+
+<section id="concept-Collection">
+<h3>Collection</h3>
+</section>
- </div>
+ </section>
-<div class="appendix section" id="acknowledgements">
- <!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">A. </span>Acknowledgements</h2>
+<section class="appendix">
+ <h2>Acknowledgements</h2>
<p>
WG membership to be listed here.
</p>
- </div>
+ </section>
-
-<div id="references" class="appendix section"><!--OddPage--><h2><span class="secno">B. </span>References</h2><div id="normative-references" class="section"><h3><span class="secno">B.1 </span>Normative references</h3><p>No normative references.</p></div><div id="informative-references" class="section"><h3><span class="secno">B.2 </span>Informative references</h3><p>No informative references.</p></div></div></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
+ </body></html>