This document report test subject conformance for and related specifications for JSON-LD [[JSON-LD-API]] according to the requirements of the Evaluation and Report Language (EARL) 1.0 Schema [[EARL10-SCHEMA]].

This report is also available in alternate formats: Turtle and JSON-LD

Instructions for submitting implementation reports

Tests should be run using the test manifests defined in the Test Manifests Section.

Each test manifest MAY contain a baseIri property, indicating the base IRI to be used for running each test.

Reports should be submitted in Turtle format to public-rdf-comments@w3.org and include an earl:Assertion for each test, referencing the test resource from the associated manifest and the test subject being reported upon. An example test entry is be the following:

  [ a earl:Assertion;
    earl:assertedBy <http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me>;
    earl:subject <http://rubygems.org/gems/json-ld>;
    earl:test <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/flatten-manifest.jsonld#t0001>;
    earl:result [
      a earl:TestResult;
      earl:outcome earl:passed;
      dc:date "2013-02-22T15:12:30-08:00"^^xsd:dateTime];
    earl:mode earl:automatic ] .

The Test Subject should be defined as a doap:Project, including the name, homepage and developer(s) of the software (see [[DOAP]]). Optionally, including the project description and programming language. An example test subject description is the following:

  <http://rubygems.org/gems/json-ld> a doap:Project, earl:TestSubject, earl:Software ;
    doap:name          "JSON::LD" ;
    doap:homepage      <http://gkellogg.github.com/json-ld> ;
    doap:license       <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/> ;
    doap:description   "JSON::LD parses and serializes JSON-LD into RDF and implements expansion, compaction and framing API interfaces."@en ;
    doap:programming-language "Ruby" ;
    doap:developer     <http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> ;
    dc:title           "JSON::LD" ;
    dc:date            "2011-08-29"^^xsd:date ;
    dc:creator         <http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> ;

The software developer, either an organization or one or more individuals SHOULD be referenced from doap:developer using [[FOAF]]. For example:

  <http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> a foaf:Person, earl:Assertor;
    foaf:name "Gregg Kellogg";
    foaf:title "Implementor";
    foaf:homepage <http://greggkellogg.net/> .

See JSON-LD Test Description for more information.

Test Manifests

Compaction

JSON-LD compaction tests use object comparison.

Test JSON::LD jsonld.js browser jsonld.js node.js php-json-ld PyLD JSONLD-Java JsonLD
Test 0001: drop free-floating nodes PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0002: basic PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0003: drop null and unmapped properties PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0004: optimize @set, keep empty arrays PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0005: @type and prefix compaction PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0006: keep expanded object format if @type doesn't match PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0007: add context PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0008: alias keywords PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0009: compact @id PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0010: array to @graph PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0011: compact date PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0012: native types PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0013: @value with @language PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0014: array to aliased @graph PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0015: best match compaction PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0016: recursive named graphs PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0017: A term mapping to null removes the mapping PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0018: best matching term for lists PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0019: Keep duplicate values in @list and @set PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0020: Compact @id that is a property IRI when @container is @list PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0021: Compact properties and types using @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0022: @list compaction of nested properties PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0023: prefer @vocab over compacted IRIs PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0024: most specific term matching in @list. PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0025: Language maps PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0026: Language map term selection with complications PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0027: @container: @set with multiple values PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0028: Alias keywords and use @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0029: Simple @index map PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0030: non-matching @container: @index PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0031: Compact @reverse PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0032: Compact keys in reverse-maps PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0033: Compact reverse-map to reverse property PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0034: Skip property with @reverse if no match PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0035: Compact @reverse node references using strings PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0036: Compact reverse properties using index containers PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0037: Compact keys in @reverse using @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0038: Index map round-tripping PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0039: @graph is array PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0040: @list is array PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0041: index rejects term having @list PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0042: @list keyword aliasing PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0043: select term over @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0044: @type: @vocab in reverse-map PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0045: @id value uses relative IRI, not term PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0046: multiple objects without @context use @graph PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0047: Round-trip relative URLs PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0048: term with @language: null PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0049: Round tripping of lists that contain just IRIs PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0050: Reverse properties require @type: @id to use string values PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0051: Round tripping @list with scalar PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0052: Round tripping @list with scalar and @graph alias PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0053: Use @type: @vocab if no @type: @id PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0054: Compact to @type: @vocab and compact @id to term PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0055: Round tripping @type: @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0056: Prefer @type: @vocab over @type: @id for terms PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0057: Complex round tripping @type: @vocab and @type: @id PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0058: Prefer @type: @id over @type: @vocab for non-terms PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0059: Term with @type: @vocab if no @type: @id PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0060: Term with @type: @id if no @type: @vocab and term value PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0061: @type: @vocab/@id with values matching either PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0062: @type: @vocab and relative IRIs PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0063: Compact IRI round-tripping with @type: @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0064: Compact language-tagged and indexed strings to index-map PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0065: Language-tagged and indexed strings with language-map PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0066: Relative IRIs PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0067: Reverse properties with blank nodes PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0068: Single value reverse properties PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0069: Single value reverse properties with @set PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0070: compactArrays option PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0071: input has multiple @contexts, output has one PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Percentage passed out of 71 Tests 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Error handling

JSON-LD to Expansion tests use object compare

Test JSON::LD jsonld.js browser jsonld.js node.js php-json-ld PyLD JSONLD-Java JsonLD
Test 0001: Keywords cannot be aliased to other keywords PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0002: A context may not include itself recursively (direct) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0003: A context may not include itself recursively (indirect) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0004: Error dereferencing a remote context PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0005: Invalid remote context PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0006: Invalid local context PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0007: Invalid base IRI PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0008: Invalid vocab mapping PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0009: Invalid default language PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0010: Cyclic IRI mapping PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0011: Invalid term definition PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0012: Invalid type mapping (not a string) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0013: Invalid type mapping (not absolute IRI) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0014: Invalid reverse property (contains @id) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0015: Invalid IRI mapping (@reverse not a string) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0016: Invalid IRI mapping (not an absolute IRI) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0017: Invalid reverse property (invalid @container) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0018: Invalid IRI mapping (@id not a string) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0019: Invalid keyword alias PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0020: Invalid IRI mapping (no vocab mapping) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0021: Invalid container mapping PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0022: Invalid language mapping PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0023: Invalid IRI mapping (relative IRI in @type) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0024: List of lists (from array) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0025: Invalid reverse property map PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0026: Colliding keywords PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0027: Invalid @id value PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0028: Invalid type value PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0029: Invalid value object value PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0030: Invalid language-tagged string PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0031: Invalid @index value PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0032: List of lists (from array) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0033: Invalid @reverse value PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0034: Invalid reverse property value (in @reverse) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0035: Invalid language map value PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0036: Invalid reverse property value (through coercion) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0037: Invalid value object (unexpected keyword) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0038: Invalid value object (@type and @language) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0039: Invalid language-tagged value PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0040: Invalid typed value PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0041: Invalid set or list object PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0042: Compaction to list of lists PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0043: Conflicting indexes PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Percentage passed out of 43 Tests 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Expansion

JSON-LD to Expansion tests use object compare

Test Argo.Core.JsonLd JSON::LD jsonld.js browser jsonld.js node.js php-json-ld PyLD JSONLD-Java JsonLD
Test 0001: drop free-floating nodes PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0002: basic PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0003: drop null and unmapped properties PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0004: optimize @set, keep empty arrays PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0005: do not expand aliased @id/@type PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0006: alias keywords PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0007: date type-coercion PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0008: @value with @language PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0009: @graph with terms PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0010: native types PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0011: coerced @id PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0012: @graph with embed PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0013: expand already expanded PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0014: @set of @value objects with keyword aliases PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0015: collapse set of sets, keep empty lists PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0016: context reset PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0017: @graph and @id aliased PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0018: override default @language PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0019: remove @value = null PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0020: do not remove @graph if not at top-level PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0021: do not remove @graph at top-level if not only property PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0022: expand value with default language PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0023: Expanding list/set with coercion PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0024: Multiple contexts PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0025: Problematic IRI expansion tests PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0026: Term definition with @id: @type PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0027: Duplicate values in @list and @set PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0028: Use @vocab in properties and @type but not in @id PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0029: Relative IRIs PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0030: Language maps PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0031: type-coercion of native types PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0032: Null term and @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0033: Using @vocab with with type-coercion PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0034: Multiple properties expanding to the same IRI PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0035: Language maps with @vocab, default language, and colliding property PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0036: Expanding @index PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0037: Expanding @reverse PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0038: Expanding blank node labels PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0039: Using terms in a reverse-maps PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0040: language and index expansion on non-objects PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0041: @language: null resets the default language PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0042: Reverse properties PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0043: Using reverse properties inside a @reverse-container PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0044: Index maps with language mappings PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0045: Top-level value objects PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0046: Free-floating nodes PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0047: Free-floating values in sets and free-floating lists PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0048: Terms are ignored in @id PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0049: String values of reverse properties PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0050: Term definitions with prefix separate from prefix definitions PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0051: Expansion of keyword aliases in term definitions PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0052: @vocab-relative IRIs in term definitions PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0053: Expand absolute IRI with @type: @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0054: Expand term with @type: @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0055: Expand @vocab-relative term with @type: @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0056: Use terms with @type: @vocab but not with @type: @id PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0057: Expand relative IRI with @type: @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0058: Expand compact IRI with @type: @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0059: Reset @vocab by setting it to null PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0060: Overwrite document base with @base and reset it again PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0061: Coercing native types to arbitrary datatypes PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0062: Various relative IRIs with with @base PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0063: Reverse property and index container PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0064: bnode values of reverse properties PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0065: Drop unmapped keys in reverse map PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0066: Reverse-map keys with @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0067: prefix://suffix not a compact IRI PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0068: _:suffix values are not a compact IRI PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0069: Compact IRI as term with type mapping PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0070: Compact IRI as term defined using equivalent compact IRI PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0071: Redefine terms looking like compact IRIs PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0072: Redefine term using @vocab, not itself PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0073: @context not first property PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0074: @id not first property PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0075: @vocab as blank node identifier PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0076: base option overrides document location PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0077: expandContext option PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Percentage passed out of 77 Tests 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Flattening

JSON-LD flattening tests use object comparison.

Test JSON::LD jsonld.js browser jsonld.js node.js php-json-ld PyLD JSONLD-Java JsonLD
Test 0001: drop free-floating nodes PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0002: basic PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0003: drop null and unmapped properties PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0004: optimize @set, keep empty arrays PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0005: do not expand aliased @id/@type PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0006: alias keywords PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0007: date type-coercion PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0008: @value with @language PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0009: @graph with terms PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0010: native types PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0011: coerced @id PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0012: @graph with embed PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0013: flatten already expanded PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0014: @set of @value objects with keyword aliases PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0015: collapse set of sets, keep empty lists PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0016: context reset PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0017: @graph and @id aliased PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0018: override default @language PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0019: remove @value = null PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0020: do not remove @graph if not at top-level PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0021: do not remove @graph at top-level if not only property PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0022: flatten value with default language PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0023: Flattening list/set with coercion PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0024: Multiple contexts PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0025: Problematic IRI flattening tests PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0026: Term definition with @id: @type PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0027: Duplicate values in @list and @set PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0028: Use @vocab in properties and @type but not in @id PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0029: Relative IRIs PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0030: Language maps PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0031: type-coercion of native types PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0032: Null term and @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0033: Using @vocab with with type-coercion PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0034: Multiple properties expanding to the same IRI PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0035: Language maps with @vocab, default language, and colliding property PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0036: Flattening @index PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0037: Flattening reverse properties PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0038: Flattening blank node labels PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0039: Using terms in a reverse-maps PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0040: language and index expansion on non-objects PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0041: Free-floating sets and lists PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0042: List objects not equivalent PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0043: Sample test manifest extract PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0044: compactArrays option PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0045: Blank nodes with reverse properties PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Percentage passed out of 45 Tests 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Remote document

Tests appropriate document loading behavior as defined in the API

Test JSON::LD jsonld.js browser jsonld.js node.js php-json-ld PyLD JsonLD
Test 0001: load JSON-LD document PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0002: load JSON document PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0003: load JSON document with extension-type PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0004: loading an unknown type raises loading document failed PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0005: Load JSON-LD through 301 redirect PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0006: Load JSON-LD through 303 redirect PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0007: Load JSON-LD through 307 redirect PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0008: Non-existant file (404) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0009: load JSON-LD document with link PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0010: load JSON document with link PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0011: load JSON document with extension-type with link PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0012: Multiple context link headers PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Percentage passed out of 12 Tests 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Transform JSON-LD to RDF

JSON-LD to RDF tests generate N-Quads output and use string comparison.

Test Argo.Core.JsonLd JSON::LD RDFLib-JSONLD jsonld.js browser jsonld.js node.js php-json-ld PyLD JSONLD-Java JsonLD
Test 0001: Plain literal with URIs PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0002: Plain literal with CURIE from default context PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0003: Default subject is BNode PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0004: Literal with language tag PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0005: Extended character set literal PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0006: Typed literal PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0007: Tests 'a' generates rdf:type and object is implicit IRI PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0008: Test prefix defined in @context PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0009: Test using an empty suffix PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0010: Test object processing defines object PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0011: Test object processing defines object with implicit BNode PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0012: Multiple Objects for a Single Property PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0013: Creation of an empty list PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0014: Creation of a list with single element PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0015: Creation of a list with multiple elements PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0016: Empty IRI expands to resource location PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0017: Relative IRI expands relative resource location PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0018: Frag ID expands relative resource location PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0019: Test type coercion to anyURI PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0020: Test type coercion to typed literal PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0022: Test coercion of double value PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0023: Test coercion of integer value PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0024: Test coercion of boolean value PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0025: Test list coercion with single element PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0026: Test creation of multiple types PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0027: Simple named graph (Wikidata) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0028: Simple named graph PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0029: named graph with embedded named graph PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0030: top-level graph with string subject reference PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0031: Reverse property PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0032: @context reordering PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0033: @id reordering PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0034: context properties reordering PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0035: non-fractional numbers converted to xsd:double PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0036: Use nodeMapGeneration bnode labels PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0041: drop free-floating nodes PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0042: basic PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0043: drop null and unmapped properties PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0044: optimize @set, keep empty arrays PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0045: do not expand aliased @id/@type PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0046: alias keywords PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0047: date type-coercion PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0048: @value with @language PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0049: @graph with terms PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0050: native types PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0051: coerced @id PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0052: @graph with embed PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0053: expand already expanded PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0054: @set of @value objects with keyword aliases PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0055: collapse set of sets, keep empty lists PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0056: context reset PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0057: @graph and @id aliased PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0058: override default @language PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0059: remove @value = null PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0060: do not remove @graph if not at top-level PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0061: do not remove @graph at top-level if not only property PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0062: expand value with default language PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0063: Lists and sets of properties with list/set coercion PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0064: Multiple contexts PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0065: Problematic IRI expansion tests PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0066: Expanding term mapping to @type uses @type syntax PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0067: Keep duplicate values in @list and @set PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0068: Use @vocab in properties and @type but not in @id PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0069: Relative IRIs PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0070: Language maps PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0071: type-coercion of native types PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0072: Mapping a term to null decouples it from @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0073: Using @vocab with with type-coercion PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0074: Multiple properties expanding to the same IRI PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0075: Language maps with @vocab, default language, and colliding property PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0076: Expanding @index PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0077: Expanding @reverse PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0078: Drop blank node predicates by default PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0079: Using terms in a reverse-maps PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0080: language and index expansion on non-objects PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0081: Reset the default language PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0082: Expanding reverse properties PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0083: Using reverse properties inside a @reverse-container PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0084: Ensure index maps use language mapping PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0085: Top-level value objects are removed PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0086: Free-floating nodes are removed PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0087: Remove free-floating set values and lists PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0088: Terms are ignored in @id PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0089: Using strings as value of a reverse property PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0090: Term definitions with prefix separate from prefix definitions PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0091: Expansion of keyword aliases in term definitions PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0092: @vocab-relative IRIs in term definitions PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0093: Expand absolute IRI with @type: @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0094: Expand term with @type: @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0095: Expand @vocab-relative term with @type: @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0096: Use terms with @type: @vocab but not with @type: @id PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0097: Expand relative IRI with @type: @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0098: Expand compact IRI with @type: @vocab PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0099: Reset @vocab by setting it to null PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0100: Overwrite document base with @base and reset it again PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0101: Coercing native types to arbitrary datatypes PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0102: Various relative IRIs with with @base PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0103: Expand a reverse property with an index-container PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0104: Expand reverse property whose values are unlabeled blank nodes PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0105: Keys that are not mapped to an IRI in a reverse-map are dropped PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0106: Use @vocab to expand keys in reverse-maps PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0107: prefix:://sufffix not a compact IRI PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0108: _::sufffix not a compact IRI PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0109: Compact IRI as term with type mapping PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0110: Redefine compact IRI with itself PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0111: Redefine terms looking like compact IRIs PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0112: Redefine term using @vocab, not itself PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0113: Dataset with a IRI named graph PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0114: Dataset with a IRI named graph PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0115: Dataset with a default and two named graphs PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0116: Dataset from node with embedded named graph PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0117: Dataset from node with embedded named graph (bnode) PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0118: produce generalized RDF flag PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0119: Blank nodes with reverse properties UNTESTED PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Percentage passed out of 114 Tests 99.1% 100.0% 98.2% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Transform RDF to JSON-LD

Transform RDF to JSON-LD tests take N-Quads input and use object comparison.

Test Argo.Core.JsonLd JSON::LD RDFLib-JSONLD jsonld.js browser jsonld.js node.js php-json-ld PyLD JSONLD-Java JsonLD
Test 0001: Object Lists PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0002: Native Types PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0003: BNodes and references PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0004: Lists PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0005: Document with list PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0006: Two graphs having same subject but different values PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0007: Graph with multiple named graphs PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0008: List conversion PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0009: List conversion with IRI nodes PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0010: List pattern without rdf:nil PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0011: List pattern with extra properties PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0012: List pattern with cycles PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0013: List pattern with multiple values of rdf:first PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0014: List pattern with multiple values of rdf:rest PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0015: List pattern with IRI rdf:rest PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0016: List pattern with type rdf:List PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0017: Remove duplicate triples PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0018: use native types flag set to true PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Test 0019: use rdf:type flag set to false PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
Percentage passed out of 19 Tests 100.0% 100.0% 89.5% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Test Subjects

This report was tested using the following test subjects:

Argo.Core.JsonLd
Description
Argo.Core.JsonLd library for parsing/serializing JSON-LD data in .Net.
Programming Language
C#
Home Page
http://www.argodata.com/
Developer
Test Suite Compliance
Compaction Untested
Error handling Untested
Expansion 77/77 (100.0%)
Flattening Untested
Remote document Untested
Transform JSON-LD to RDF 113/114 (99.1%)
Transform RDF to JSON-LD 19/19 (100.0%)
JSON::LD
Description
RDF.rb plugin for parsing/serializing JSON-LD data.
Home Page
http://github.com/ruby-rdf/json-ld/
Developer
Test Suite Compliance
Compaction 71/71 (100.0%)
Error handling 43/43 (100.0%)
Expansion 77/77 (100.0%)
Flattening 45/45 (100.0%)
Remote document 12/12 (100.0%)
Transform JSON-LD to RDF 114/114 (100.0%)
Transform RDF to JSON-LD 19/19 (100.0%)
RDFLib-JSONLD
Programming Language
Python
Home Page
https://github.com/RDFLib/rdflib-jsonld
Developer
Test Suite Compliance
Compaction Untested
Error handling Untested
Expansion Untested
Flattening Untested
Remote document Untested
Transform JSON-LD to RDF 112/114 (98.2%)
Transform RDF to JSON-LD 17/19 (89.5%)
jsonld.js browser
Description
A JSON-LD processor for JavaScript
Programming Language
JavaScript
Home Page
https://github.com/digitalbazaar/jsonld.js
Developer
Test Suite Compliance
Compaction 71/71 (100.0%)
Error handling 43/43 (100.0%)
Expansion 77/77 (100.0%)
Flattening 45/45 (100.0%)
Remote document 12/12 (100.0%)
Transform JSON-LD to RDF 114/114 (100.0%)
Transform RDF to JSON-LD 19/19 (100.0%)
jsonld.js node.js
Description
A JSON-LD processor for JavaScript
Programming Language
JavaScript
Home Page
https://github.com/digitalbazaar/jsonld.js
Developer
Test Suite Compliance
Compaction 71/71 (100.0%)
Error handling 43/43 (100.0%)
Expansion 77/77 (100.0%)
Flattening 45/45 (100.0%)
Remote document 12/12 (100.0%)
Transform JSON-LD to RDF 114/114 (100.0%)
Transform RDF to JSON-LD 19/19 (100.0%)
php-json-ld
Description
A JSON-LD processor for PHP
Programming Language
PHP
Home Page
https://github.com/digitalbazaar/php-json-ld
Developer
Test Suite Compliance
Compaction 71/71 (100.0%)
Error handling 43/43 (100.0%)
Expansion 77/77 (100.0%)
Flattening 45/45 (100.0%)
Remote document 12/12 (100.0%)
Transform JSON-LD to RDF 114/114 (100.0%)
Transform RDF to JSON-LD 19/19 (100.0%)
PyLD
Description
A JSON-LD processor for Python
Programming Language
Python
Home Page
https://github.com/digitalbazaar/pyld
Developer
Test Suite Compliance
Compaction 71/71 (100.0%)
Error handling 43/43 (100.0%)
Expansion 77/77 (100.0%)
Flattening 45/45 (100.0%)
Remote document 12/12 (100.0%)
Transform JSON-LD to RDF 114/114 (100.0%)
Transform RDF to JSON-LD 19/19 (100.0%)
JSONLD-Java
Description
An Implementation of the JSON-LD Specification for Java
Programming Language
Java
Home Page
http://github.com/jsonld-java/jsonld-java
Developer
Test Suite Compliance
Compaction 71/71 (100.0%)
Error handling 43/43 (100.0%)
Expansion 77/77 (100.0%)
Flattening 45/45 (100.0%)
Remote document Untested
Transform JSON-LD to RDF 114/114 (100.0%)
Transform RDF to JSON-LD 19/19 (100.0%)
JsonLD
Description
JSON-LD processor for PHP
Programming Language
PHP
Home Page
https://github.com/lanthaler/JsonLD
Developer
Test Suite Compliance
Compaction 71/71 (100.0%)
Error handling 43/43 (100.0%)
Expansion 77/77 (100.0%)
Flattening 45/45 (100.0%)
Remote document 12/12 (100.0%)
Transform JSON-LD to RDF 114/114 (100.0%)
Transform RDF to JSON-LD 19/19 (100.0%)

Individual Test Results

Individual test results used to construct this report are available here:

Test Definitions

Test 0001: drop free-floating nodes

Unreferenced nodes not containing properties are dropped

{"@id": "http://example.org/test#example"}
{}
Test 0002: basic

Basic term and value compaction

[{
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "@type": ["http://example.com/t1"],
  "http://example.com/term1": ["v1"],
  "http://example.com/term2": [{"@value": "v2", "@type": "http://example.com/t2"}],
  "http://example.com/term3": [{"@value": "v3", "@language": "en"}],
  "http://example.com/term4": [4],
  "http://example.com/term5": [50, 51]
}]
{
  "@context": {
    "t1": "http://example.com/t1",
    "t2": "http://example.com/t2",
    "term1": "http://example.com/term1",
    "term2": "http://example.com/term2",
    "term3": "http://example.com/term3",
    "term4": "http://example.com/term4",
    "term5": "http://example.com/term5"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "@type": "t1",
  "term1": "v1",
  "term2": {"@value": "v2", "@type": "t2"},
  "term3": {"@value": "v3", "@language": "en"},
  "term4": 4,
  "term5": [50, 51]
}
Test 0003: drop null and unmapped properties

Properties mapped to null or which are never mapped are dropped

{
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "http://example.org/property": null,
  "regularJson": {
    "nonJsonLd": "property",
    "deep": [{
      "foo": "bar"
    }, {
      "bar": "foo"
    }]
  }
}
{}
Test 0004: optimize @set, keep empty arrays

Containers mapped to @set keep empty arrays

{
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "http://example.com/mylist1": {"@list": []},
  "http://example.com/myset2": {"@set": []},
  "http://example.com/myset3": "v1",
  "http://example.org/list1": {"@list": []},
  "http://example.org/list2": {"@list": [null]},
  "http://example.org/set1": {"@set": []},
  "http://example.org/set2": {"@set": [null]},
  "http://example.org/set3": [],
  "http://example.org/set4": [null]
}
{
  "@context": {
    "mylist1": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist1", "@container": "@list"},
    "myset2": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset2", "@container": "@set"},
    "myset3": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset3", "@container": "@set"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "mylist1": [],
  "myset2": [],
  "myset3": ["v1"],
  "http://example.org/list1": {"@list": []},
  "http://example.org/list2": {"@list": []},
  "http://example.org/set1": [],
  "http://example.org/set2": [],
  "http://example.org/set3": [],
  "http://example.org/set4": []
}
Test 0005: @type and prefix compaction

Compact uses prefixes in @type

{
  "@id": "http://example.org/id1",
  "@type": ["http://example.org/Type1", "http://example.org/Type2"],
  "http://example.org/term1": {"@value": "v1", "@type": "http://example.org/datatype"},
  "http://example.org/term2": {"@id": "http://example.org/id2"}
}
{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/",
    "term1": {"@id": "ex:term1", "@type": "ex:datatype"},
    "term2": {"@id": "ex:term2", "@type": "@id"}
  },
  "@id": "ex:id1",
  "@type": ["ex:Type1", "ex:Type2"],
  "term1": "v1",
  "term2": "ex:id2"
}
Test 0006: keep expanded object format if @type doesn't match

Values not matching a coerced @type remain in expanded form

{
  "@id": "http://example.org/id1",
  "@type": ["http://example.org/Type1", "http://example.org/Type2"],
  "http://example.org/term1": {"@value": "v1", "@type": "http://example.org/different-datatype"},
  "http://example.org/term2": {"@id": "http://example.org/id2"}
}
{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/",
    "term1": {
      "@id": "ex:term1",
      "@type": "ex:datatype"
    },
    "term2": "ex:term2"
  },
  "@id": "ex:id1",
  "@type": ["ex:Type1", "ex:Type2"],
  "ex:term1": {"@value": "v1", "@type": "ex:different-datatype"},
  "term2": {"@id": "ex:id2"}
}
Test 0007: add context

External context is added to the compacted document

{
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description": ["Fun"],
      "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": ["Chapter One"]
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
      "http://example.org/vocab#authored": [{"@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"}],
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": ["Jane"]
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": ["John"]
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
      "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [{
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [ "this-is-not-an-IRI" ],
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor": ["Writer"],
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": ["My Book"]
      }]
    }
  ]
}
{
  "@context": {
    "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/",
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "ex:authored": {"@type": "@id"},
    "ex:contains": {"@type": "@id"},
    "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
  },
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "dc:description": "Fun",
      "dc:title": "Chapter One"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
      "ex:authored": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "foaf:name": "Jane"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
      "foaf:name": "John"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
      "ex:contains": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "dc:contributor": "Writer",
        "dc:title": "My Book",
        "http://example.org/vocab#contains": "this-is-not-an-IRI"
      }
    }
  ]
}
Test 0008: alias keywords

Aliases for keywords are used in compacted document

[{
  "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1",
  "http://example.org/test#property1": [{
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#example2",
    "http://example.org/test#property4": ["foo"]
  }],
  "http://example.org/test#property2": [{
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#example3"
  }],
  "http://example.org/test#property3": [{
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#example4"
  }]
}]
{
  "@context": {
    "http://example.org/test#property1": {"@type": "@id"},
    "http://example.org/test#property2": {"@type": "@id"},
    "http://example.org/test#property3": {"@type": "@id"},
    "uri": "@id"
  },
  "http://example.org/test#property1": {
    "http://example.org/test#property4": "foo",
    "uri": "http://example.org/test#example2"
  },
  "http://example.org/test#property2": "http://example.org/test#example3",
  "http://example.org/test#property3": "http://example.org/test#example4",
  "uri": "http://example.org/test#example1"
}
Test 0009: compact @id

Value with @id is compacted to string if property cast to @id

{
  "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
  "http://example.org/vocab#contains": {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
  },
  "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": "Title"
}
{
  "@context": {
    "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/",
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "ex:contains": {"@type": "@id"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
  "dc:title": "Title",
  "ex:contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
}
Test 0010: array to @graph

An array of objects is serialized with @graph

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/john",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage": {
      "@id": "http://john.doe.org/"
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": "John Doe"
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/jane",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": "Jane Doe"
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "homepage": {
      "@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name"
  },
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com/john",
      "homepage": "http://john.doe.org/",
      "name": "John Doe"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com/jane",
      "name": "Jane Doe"
    }
  ]
}
Test 0011: compact date

Expanded value with type xsd:dateTime is represented as string with type coercion

{
  "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1",
  "http://example.org/vocab#date": {
    "@value": "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z",
    "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
  },
  "http://example.org/vocab#embed": {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#example2",
    "http://example.org/vocab#parent": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1"
    }
  }
}
{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "ex:date": {"@type": "xsd:dateTime"},
    "ex:parent": {"@type": "@id"},
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1",
  "ex:date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z",
  "ex:embed": {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#example2",
    "ex:parent": "http://example.org/test#example1"
  }
}
Test 0012: native types

Native values are unmodified during compaction

{
  "@id": "http://example.org/test",
  "http://example.org/vocab#bool": true,
  "http://example.org/vocab#int": 123
}
{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test",
  "ex:bool": true,
  "ex:int": 123
}
Test 0013: @value with @language

Values with @language remain in expended form by default

{
  "@id": "http://example.org/test",
  "http://example.org/vocab#test": {"@value": "test", "@language": "en"}
}
{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test",
  "ex:test": {"@value": "test", "@language": "en"}
}
Test 0014: array to aliased @graph

Aliasing @graph uses alias in compacted document

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/john",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage": {
      "@id": "http://john.doe.org/"
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": "John Doe"
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/jane",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": "Jane Doe"
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "homepage": {
      "@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "data": "@graph"
  },
  "data": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com/john",
      "homepage": "http://john.doe.org/",
      "name": "John Doe"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com/jane",
      "name": "Jane Doe"
    }
  ]
}
Test 0015: best match compaction

Property with values of different types use most appropriate term when compacting

[{
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "@type": ["http://example.com/t1"],
  "http://example.com/term": [
    {"@value": "v1", "@language": "de"},
    {"@value": "v2", "@type": "http://example.com/t2"},
    {"@value": "v3", "@language": "en"},
    {"@list": [1, 2]},
    "v5",
    {"@value": "plain literal"}
  ]
}]
{
  "@context": {
    "t1": "http://example.com/t1",
    "t2": "http://example.com/t2",
    "term1": "http://example.com/term",
    "term2": {"@id": "http://example.com/term", "@type": "t2"},
    "term3": {"@id": "http://example.com/term", "@language": "en"},
    "term4": {"@id": "http://example.com/term", "@container": "@list"},
    "term5": {"@id": "http://example.com/term", "@language": null},
    "@language": "de"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "@type": "t1",
  "term1": "v1",
  "term2": "v2",
  "term3": "v3",
  "term4": [ 1, 2 ],
  "term5": [ "v5", "plain literal" ]
}
Test 0016: recursive named graphs

Compacting a document with multiple embedded uses of @graph

[
  {
    "@id": "http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/Assertions",
    "@type": "http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#SnakSet",
    "http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#assertedBy": [
      { "@value": "Gregg Kellogg" }
    ],
    "@graph": [
      {
        "@id": "http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/BerlinFact",
        "@type": [ "http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#Snak" ],
        "http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#assertedBy": [ { "@value": "Statistik Berlin/Brandenburg" } ],
        "@graph": [
          {
            "@id": "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin",
            "http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#population": [ 3499879 ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "wd": "http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#",
    "ws": "http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/",
    "wp": "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
  },
  "@id": "ws:Assertions",
  "@type": "wd:SnakSet",
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "ws:BerlinFact",
      "@type": "wd:Snak",
      "@graph": [
        {
          "@id": "wp:Berlin",
          "wd:population": 3499879
        }
      ],
      "wd:assertedBy": "Statistik Berlin/Brandenburg"
    }
  ],
  "wd:assertedBy": "Gregg Kellogg"
}
Test 0017: A term mapping to null removes the mapping

Mapping a term to null causes the property and its values to be removed from the compacted document

{
  "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment": [
    { "@value": "Kommentar auf Deutsch.", "@language": "de" },
    { "@value": "Comment in English.", "@language": "en" }
  ]
}
{
  "@context": [
    {
      "comment": { "@id": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment", "@language": "en" }
    },
    {
      "comment": null,
      "comment_en": { "@id": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment", "@language": "en" }
    }
  ],
  "comment_en": "Comment in English.",
  "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment": { "@value": "Kommentar auf Deutsch.", "@language": "de" }
}
Test 0018: best matching term for lists

Lists with values of different types use best term in compacted document

{
  "@context": {
    "type1": "http://example.com/t1",
    "type2": "http://example.com/t2"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "http://example.com/term": [
    {
      "@set": [
        { "@value": "v0.1", "@language": "de" },
        { "@value": "v0.2", "@language": "en" },
        "v0.3",
        4,
        true,
        false
      ]
    },
    {
      "@list": [
        { "@value": "v1.1", "@language": "de" },
        { "@value": "v1.2", "@language": "en" },
        "v1.3",
        14,
        true,
        false
      ]
    },
    {
      "@list": [
        { "@value": "v2.1", "@language": "en" },
        { "@value": "v2.2", "@language": "en" },
        { "@value": "v2.3", "@language": "en" },
        { "@value": "v2.4", "@language": "en" },
        { "@value": "v2.5", "@language": "en" },
        { "@value": "v2.6", "@language": "en" }
      ]
    },
    {
      "@list": [
        "v3.1",
        "v3.2",
        "v3.3",
        "v3.4",
        "v3.5",
        "v3.6"
      ]
    },
    {
      "@list": [
        { "@value": "v4.1", "@type": "type1" },
        { "@value": "v4.2", "@type": "type1" },
        { "@value": "v4.3", "@type": "type1" },
        { "@value": "v4.4", "@type": "type1" },
        { "@value": "v4.5", "@type": "type1" },
        { "@value": "v4.6", "@type": "type1" }
      ]
    },
    {
      "@list": [
        { "@value": "v5.1", "@type": "type2" },
        { "@value": "v5.2", "@type": "type2" },
        { "@value": "v5.3", "@type": "type2" },
        { "@value": "v5.4", "@type": "type2" },
        { "@value": "v5.5", "@type": "type2" },
        { "@value": "v5.6", "@type": "type2" }
      ]
    }
  ]
}
{
  "@context": {
    "type1": "http://example.com/t1",
    "type2": "http://example.com/t2",
    "@language": "de",
    "term": { "@id": "http://example.com/term" },
    "term1": { "@id": "http://example.com/term", "@container": "@list" },
    "term2": { "@id": "http://example.com/term", "@container": "@list", "@language": "en" },
    "term3": { "@id": "http://example.com/term", "@container": "@list", "@language": null },
    "term4": { "@id": "http://example.com/term", "@container": "@list", "@type": "type1" },
    "term5": { "@id": "http://example.com/term", "@container": "@list", "@type": "type2" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "term": [
    "v0.1",
    { "@value": "v0.2", "@language": "en" },
    { "@value": "v0.3" },
    4,
    true,
    false
  ],
  "term1": [
    "v1.1",
    { "@value": "v1.2", "@language": "en" },
    { "@value": "v1.3" },
    14,
    true,
    false
  ],
  "term2": [
    "v2.1",
    "v2.2",
    "v2.3",
    "v2.4",
    "v2.5",
    "v2.6"
  ],
  "term3": [
    "v3.1",
    "v3.2",
    "v3.3",
    "v3.4",
    "v3.5",
    "v3.6"
  ],
  "term4": [
    "v4.1",
    "v4.2",
    "v4.3",
    "v4.4",
    "v4.5",
    "v4.6"
  ],
  "term5": [
    "v5.1",
    "v5.2",
    "v5.3",
    "v5.4",
    "v5.5",
    "v5.6"
  ]
}
Test 0019: Keep duplicate values in @list and @set

Duplicate values in @list or @set are retained in compacted document

[{
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "http://example.com/mylist": [{
    "@list": [
      {"@value": 1},
      {"@value": 2},
      {"@value": 2},
      {"@value": 3}
    ]
  }],
  "http://example.com/myset": [
    {"@value": 1},
    {"@value": 2},
    {"@value": 2},
    {"@value": 3}
  ]
}]
{
  "@context": {
    "mylist": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist", "@container": "@list"},
    "myset": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset", "@container": "@set"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "mylist": [1, 2, 2, 3],
  "myset": [1, 2, 2, 3]
}
Test 0020: Compact @id that is a property IRI when @container is @list

A term with @container: @list is also used as the value of an @id, if appropriate

{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/ns#"
  },
  "@id": "ex:property",
  "ex:property": {
    "@list": [1, 2]
  }
}
{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/ns#",
    "ex:property": {
      "@container": "@list"
    }
  },
  "@id": "ex:property",
  "ex:property": [1, 2]
}
Test 0021: Compact properties and types using @vocab

@vocab is used to create relative properties and types if no other term matches

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/subdir/id/1",
    "@type": [ "http://example.com/subdir/vocab/types/Test" ],
    "http://example.com/subdir/vocab/date": [
      {
        "@value": "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z",
        "@type": "http://example.com/subdir/vocab/types/dateTime"
      }
    ],
    "http://example.com/subdir/vocab/embed": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.com/subdir/id/2",
        "http://example.com/subdir/vocab/expandedDate": [
          {
            "@value": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z",
            "@type": "http://example.com/subdir/vocab/types/dateTime"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.com/subdir/",
    "vocab/date": { "@type": "vocab/types/dateTime" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/subdir/id/1",
  "@type": "vocab/types/Test",
  "vocab/date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z",
  "vocab/embed": {
    "@id": "http://example.com/subdir/id/2",
    "vocab/expandedDate": {
      "@value": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z",
      "@type": "vocab/types/dateTime"
    }
  }
}
Test 0022: @list compaction of nested properties

Compact nested properties using @list containers

[
  {
    "@id": "https://example.org/ns#Game",
    "@type": [
      "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"
    ],
    "https://example.org/ns#properties": [
      {
        "@list": [
          {
            "@id": "https://example.org/ns#title"
          },
          {
            "@id": "https://example.org/ns#slug"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "https://example.org/ns#properties",
    "@type": [
      "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Property"
    ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "https://example.org/ns#slug",
    "@type": [
      "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataProperty",
      "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#FunctionalProperty"
    ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "https://example.org/ns#title",
    "@type": [
      "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DataProperty"
    ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "owl": "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "ex": "https://example.org/ns#",
    "id": "@id",
    "type": "@type",
    "ex:properties": {
        "@container": "@list"
    }
  },
  "@graph": [
    {
      "id": "ex:Game",
      "type": "owl:Class",
      "ex:properties": [
        { "id": "ex:title" },
        { "id": "ex:slug" }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "ex:properties",
      "type": "rdf:Property"
    },
    {
      "id": "ex:slug",
      "type": [ "owl:DataProperty", "owl:FunctionalProperty" ]
    },
    {
      "id": "ex:title",
      "type": "owl:DataProperty"
    }
  ]
}
Test 0023: prefer @vocab over compacted IRIs

@vocab takes precedence over prefixes - even if the result is longer

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/subdir/id/1",
    "@type": [ "http://example.com/subdir/vocab/types/Test" ],
    "http://example.com/subdir/vocab/date": [
      {
        "@value": "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z",
        "@type": "http://example.com/subdir/vocab/types/dateTime"
      }
    ],
    "http://example.com/subdir/vocab/embed": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.com/subdir/id/2",
        "http://example.com/subdir/vocab/expandedDate": [
          {
            "@value": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z",
            "@type": "http://example.com/subdir/vocab/types/dateTime"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.com/",
    "ex": "http://example.com/subdir/",
    "ex:vocab/date": { "@type": "ex:vocab/types/dateTime" }
  },
  "@id": "ex:id/1",
  "@type": "subdir/vocab/types/Test",
  "ex:vocab/date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z",
  "subdir/vocab/embed": {
    "@id": "ex:id/2",
    "subdir/vocab/expandedDate": {
      "@value": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z",
      "@type": "subdir/vocab/types/dateTime"
    }
  }
}
Test 0024: most specific term matching in @list.

The most specific term that matches all of the elements in the list, taking into account the default language, must be selected.

{

  "@context": {
    "type1": "http://example.com/t1",
    "type2": "http://example.com/t2"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "http://example.com/termLanguage": [
    {
      "@list": [
        { "@value": "termLL0.1", "@language": "de" },
        { "@value": "termLL0.2", "@language": "de" }
      ]
    },
    {
      "@list": [
        { "@value": "termLL1.1", "@language": "en" },
        { "@value": "termLL1.2", "@language": "en" }
      ]
    },
    {
      "@list": [
        "termLL2.1",
        "termLL2.2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "http://example.com/termType": [
    {
      "@list": [
        { "@value": "termTL0.1", "@type": "type1" },
        { "@value": "termTL0.2", "@type": "type2" }
      ]
    },
    {
      "@list": [
        { "@value": "termTL1.1", "@type": "type1" },
        { "@value": "termTL1.2", "@type": "type1" }
      ]
    },
    {
      "@list": [
        { "@value": "termTL2.1", "@type": "type2" },
        { "@value": "termTL2.2", "@type": "type2" }
      ]
    }
  ]
}
{
  "@context": {
    "type1": "http://example.com/t1",
    "type2": "http://example.com/t2",
    "@language": "de",
    "termL": { "@id": "http://example.com/termLanguage" },
    "termLL0": { "@id": "http://example.com/termLanguage", "@container": "@list" },
    "termLL1": { "@id": "http://example.com/termLanguage", "@container": "@list", "@language": "en" },
    "termLL2": { "@id": "http://example.com/termLanguage", "@container": "@list", "@language": null },
    "termT": { "@id": "http://example.com/termType" },
    "termTL0": { "@id": "http://example.com/termType", "@container": "@list" },
    "termTL1": { "@id": "http://example.com/termType", "@container": "@list", "@type": "type1" },
    "termTL2": { "@id": "http://example.com/termType", "@container": "@list", "@type": "type2" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "termLL0": [
    "termLL0.1",
    "termLL0.2"
  ],
  "termLL1": [
    "termLL1.1",
    "termLL1.2"
  ],
  "termLL2": [
    "termLL2.1",
    "termLL2.2"
  ],
  "termTL0": [
    {
      "@type": "type1",
      "@value": "termTL0.1"
    },
    {
      "@type": "type2",
      "@value": "termTL0.2"
    }
  ],
  "termTL1": [
    "termTL1.1",
    "termTL1.2"
  ],
  "termTL2": [
    "termTL2.1",
    "termTL2.2"
  ]
}
Test 0025: Language maps

Multiple values with different languages use language maps if property has @container: @language

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
    "http://example.com/vocab/label":
    [
      {
        "@value": "The Queen",
        "@language": "en"
      }, {
        "@value": "Die Königin",
        "@language": "de"
      }, {
        "@value": "Ihre Majestät",
        "@language": "de"
      }
    ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/",
    "label": {
      "@id": "vocab:label",
      "@container": "@language"
    }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
  "label": {
    "en": "The Queen",
    "de": [ "Die Königin", "Ihre Majestät" ]
  }
}
Test 0026: Language map term selection with complications

Test appropriate property use given language maps with @vocab, a default language, and a competing term

[{
   "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
   "http://example.com/vocab/label": [
      {
         "@value": "Il re",
         "@language": "it"
      }, {
         "@value": "The king",
         "@language": "en"
      }, {
         "@value": "The Queen",
         "@language": "en"
      }, {
         "@value": "Die Königin",
         "@language": "de"
      }, {
         "@value": "Ihre Majestät",
         "@language": "de"
      }
   ]
}]
{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/",
    "@language": "it",
    "s": { "@id": "label", "@language": "en" },
    "label": {
      "@container": "@language"
    }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
  "label": {
    "it": "Il re",
    "en": [ "The king", "The Queen" ],
    "de": [ "Die Königin", "Ihre Majestät" ]
  }
}
Test 0027: @container: @set with multiple values

Fall back to term with @set container if term with language map is defined

[{
   "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
   "http://example.com/vocab/label": [
      {
         "@value": "Il re",
         "@language": "it"
      }, {
         "@value": "The king",
         "@language": "en"
      }, {
         "@value": "The Queen",
         "@language": "en"
      }, {
         "@value": "Die Königin",
         "@language": "de"
      }, {
         "@value": "Ihre Majestät",
         "@language": "de"
      }
   ]
}]
{
  "@context": {
    "label": "http://example.com/vocab/label",
    "container": { "@id": "label", "@container": "@set" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
  "container": [
    {
      "@value": "Il re",
      "@language": "it"
    }, {
      "@value": "The king",
      "@language": "en"
    }, {
      "@value": "The Queen",
      "@language": "en"
    }, {
      "@value": "Die Königin",
      "@language": "de"
    }, {
      "@value": "Ihre Majestät",
      "@language": "de"
    }
   ]
}
Test 0028: Alias keywords and use @vocab

Combination of keyword aliases and @vocab

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/",
    "homepage": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "uri": "@id"
  },
  "uri": "http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "homepage": "http://www.markus-lanthaler.com/"
}
{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/",
    "homepage": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "uri": "@id"
  },
  "uri": "http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "homepage": "http://www.markus-lanthaler.com/"
}
Test 0029: Simple @index map

Output uses index mapping if term is defined with @container: @index

[{
   "@id": "http://example.com/article",
   "http://example.com/vocab/author": [{
      "@id": "http://example.org/person/1",
      "@index": "regular"
   }, {
      "@id": "http://example.org/guest/cd24f329aa",
      "@index": "guest"
   }]
}]
{
   "@context": {
      "author": {
         "@id": "http://example.com/vocab/author",
         "@container": "@index"
      }
   },
   "@id": "http://example.com/article",
   "author": {
      "regular": {
         "@id": "http://example.org/person/1"
      },
      "guest": {
         "@id": "http://example.org/guest/cd24f329aa"
      }
   }
}
Test 0030: non-matching @container: @index

Preserve @index tags if not compacted to an index map

[
   {
      "@id": "http://example.org/indexTest",
      "http://example.com/container": [
         {
            "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexA",
            "@index": "A"
         },
         {
            "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexA",
            "@index": "this overrides the 'A' index from the container"
         },
         {
            "@value": 1,
            "@index": "A"
         },
         {
            "@value": true,
            "@index": "A"
         },
         {
            "@value": false,
            "@index": "A"
         },
         {
            "@value": "simple string A",
            "@index": "A"
         },
         {
            "@value": "typed literal A",
            "@type": "http://example.org/type",
            "@index": "A"
         },
         {
            "@value": "language-tagged string A",
            "@language": "en",
            "@index": "A"
         },
         {
            "@value": "simple string B",
            "@index": "B"
         },
         {
            "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexC",
            "@index": "C"
         },
         {
            "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexC",
            "@index": "this overrides the 'C' index from the container"
         },
         {
            "@value": 3,
            "@index": "C"
         },
         {
            "@value": true,
            "@index": "C"
         },
         {
            "@value": false,
            "@index": "C"
         },
         {
            "@value": "simple string C",
            "@index": "C"
         },
         {
            "@value": "typed literal C",
            "@type": "http://example.org/type",
            "@index": "C"
         },
         {
            "@value": "language-tagged string C",
            "@language": "en",
            "@index": "C"
         }
      ],
      "http://example.com/property": [
         {
            "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexProp"
         },
         {
            "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexProp",
            "@index": "prop"
         },
         {
            "@value": 3,
            "@index": "prop"
         },
         {
            "@value": true,
            "@index": "prop"
         },
         {
            "@value": false,
            "@index": "prop"
         },
         {
            "@value": "simple string no index"
         },
         {
            "@value": "typed literal Prop",
            "@type": "http://example.org/type",
            "@index": "prop"
         },
         {
            "@value": "language-tagged string Prop",
            "@language": "en",
            "@index": "prop"
         },
         {
            "@value": "index using an array with just one element (automatic recovery)",
            "@index": "prop"
         }
      ]
   }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "property": "http://example.com/property",
    "indexContainer": { "@id": "http://example.com/container", "@container": "@index" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/indexTest",
  "indexContainer": {
    "A": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexA"
      },
      1,
      true,
      false,
      "simple string A",
      {
        "@value": "typed literal A",
        "@type": "http://example.org/type"
      },
      {
        "@value": "language-tagged string A",
        "@language": "en"
      }
    ],
    "this overrides the 'A' index from the container": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexA"
    },
    "B": "simple string B",
    "C": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexC"
      },
      3,
      true,
      false,
      "simple string C",
      {
        "@value": "typed literal C",
        "@type": "http://example.org/type"
      },
      {
        "@value": "language-tagged string C",
        "@language": "en"
      }
    ],
    "this overrides the 'C' index from the container": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexC"
    }
  },
  "property": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexProp"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexProp",
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": 3,
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": true,
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": false,
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    "simple string no index",
    {
      "@value": "typed literal Prop",
      "@type": "http://example.org/type",
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": "language-tagged string Prop",
      "@language": "en",
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": "index using an array with just one element (automatic recovery)",
      "@index": "prop"
    }
  ]
}
Test 0031: Compact @reverse

Compact traverses through @reverse

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Dave Longley" } ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "@reverse": {
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    }
  }
}
Test 0032: Compact keys in reverse-maps

Compact traverses through @reverse

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Dave Longley" } ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "knows": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "@reverse": {
    "knows": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    }
  }
}
Test 0033: Compact reverse-map to reverse property

A reverse map is replaced with a matching property defined with @reverse

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Dave Longley" } ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "isKnownBy": {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
    "name": "Dave Longley"
  }
}
Test 0034: Skip property with @reverse if no match

Do not use reverse property if no other property matches as normal property

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Dave Longley" } ]
      },
      {
        "@id": "http://example.com/people/gregg",
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Gregg Kellogg" } ]
      }
    ],
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/gregg",
      "name": "Gregg Kellogg"
    }
  ]
}
Test 0035: Compact @reverse node references using strings

Compact node references to strings for reverse properties using @type: @id

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave"
        },
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/gregg"
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows", "@type": "@id" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "isKnownBy": [
    "http://example.com/people/dave",
    "http://example.com/people/gregg"
  ]
}
Test 0036: Compact reverse properties using index containers

Compact using both reverse properties and index containers

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
          "@index": "Dave",
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Dave Longley" } ]
        },
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/gregg",
          "@index": "Gregg",
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Gregg Kellogg" } ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows", "@container": "@index" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "isKnownBy": {
    "Dave": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    },
    "Gregg": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/gregg",
      "name": "Gregg Kellogg"
    }
  }
}
Test 0037: Compact keys in @reverse using @vocab

Compact keys in @reverse using @vocab

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Dave Longley" } ]
        }
      ],
      "http://example.com/vocab/noTerm": [
        {
          "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relative-node",
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Compact keys using @vocab" } ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "knows": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows",
    "@vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "@reverse": {
    "knows": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    },
    "noTerm": {
      "@id": "relative-node",
      "name": "Compact keys using @vocab"
    }
  }
}
Test 0038: Index map round-tripping

Complext round-tripping use case from Drupal

{
  "@context": {
    "site": "http://example.com/",
    "site-cd": "site:site-schema/content-deployment/",
    "title": {
      "@id": "site-cd:node/article/title",
      "@container": "@index"
    },
    "body": {
      "@id": "site-cd:node/article/body",
      "@container": "@index"
    },
    "field_tags": {
      "@id": "site-cd:node/article/field_tags",
      "@container": "@index"
    }
  },
  "@id": "site:node/1",
  "@type": "site-cd:node/article",
  "title": {
    "en": [
      {
        "@context": {
          "value": "site-cd:node/article/title/value"
        },
        "@type": "site-cd:field-types/title_field",
        "value": "This is the English title"
      }
    ],
    "es": [
      {
        "@context": {
          "value": "site-cd:node/article/title/value"
        },
        "@type": "site-cd:field-types/title_field",
        "value": "Este es el t’tulo espa–ol"
      }
    ]
  },
  "body": {
    "en": [
      {
        "@context": {
          "value": "site-cd:node/article/body/value",
          "summary": "site-cd:node/article/body/summary",
          "format": "site-cd:node/article/body/format"
        },
        "@type": "site-cd:field-types/text_with_summary",
        "value": "This is the English body. There is no Spanish body, so this will be displayed for both the English and Spanish versions.",
        "summary": "This is the teaser for the body.",
        "format": "full_html"
      }
    ]
  },
  "field_tags": {
    "en": [
      {
        "@context": {
          "uuid": "site-cd:taxonomy/term/uuid"
        },
        "@type": "site-cd:taxonomy/term",
        "@id": "site:taxonomy/term/1",
        "uuid": "e34b982c-98ac-4862-9b00-fa771a388010"
      }
    ],
    "es": [
      {
        "@context": {
          "uuid": "site-cd:taxonomy/term/uuid"
        },
        "@type": "site-cd:taxonomy/term",
        "@id": "site:taxonomy/term/1",
        "uuid": "e34b982c-98ac-4862-9b00-fa771a388010"
      },
      {
        "@context": {
          "uuid": "site-cd:taxonomy/term/uuid"
        },
        "@type": "site-cd:taxonomy/term",
        "@id": "site:taxonomy/term/2",
        "uuid": "a55b982c-58ac-4862-9b00-aa221a388010"
      }
    ]
  }
}
{
  "@context": {
    "site": "http://example.com/",
    "site-cd": "site:site-schema/content-deployment/",
    "title": {
      "@id": "site-cd:node/article/title",
      "@container": "@index"
    },
    "body": {
      "@id": "site-cd:node/article/body",
      "@container": "@index"
    },
    "field_tags": {
      "@id": "site-cd:node/article/field_tags",
      "@container": "@index"
    }
  },
  "@id": "site:node/1",
  "@type": "site-cd:node/article",
  "title": {
    "en": {
        "@type": "site-cd:field-types/title_field",
        "title:/value": "This is the English title"
    },
    "es": {
      "@type": "site-cd:field-types/title_field",
      "title:/value": "Este es el t’tulo espa–ol"
    }
  },
  "body": {
    "en": {
      "@type": "site-cd:field-types/text_with_summary",
      "body:/value": "This is the English body. There is no Spanish body, so this will be displayed for both the English and Spanish versions.",
      "body:/summary": "This is the teaser for the body.",
      "body:/format": "full_html"
    }
  },
  "field_tags": {
    "en": {
        "@type": "site-cd:taxonomy/term",
        "@id": "site:taxonomy/term/1",
        "site-cd:taxonomy/term/uuid": "e34b982c-98ac-4862-9b00-fa771a388010"
    },
    "es": [
      {
        "@type": "site-cd:taxonomy/term",
        "@id": "site:taxonomy/term/1",
        "site-cd:taxonomy/term/uuid": "e34b982c-98ac-4862-9b00-fa771a388010"
      },
      {
        "@type": "site-cd:taxonomy/term",
        "@id": "site:taxonomy/term/2",
        "site-cd:taxonomy/term/uuid": "a55b982c-58ac-4862-9b00-aa221a388010"
      }
    ]
  }
}
Test 0039: @graph is array

Value of @graph is always an array

[
  {
     "@id": "http://example.com/graph/1",
     "@graph": [
       {
          "@id": "http://example.com/node/1",
          "http://example.com/property": [ { "@value": "property" } ]
       }
     ]
  }
]
{
   "@id": "http://example.com/graph/1",
   "@graph": [
     {
        "@id": "http://example.com/node/1",
        "http://example.com/property": "property"
     }
   ]
}
Test 0040: @list is array

Ensure that value of @list is always an array

[
    {
        "@id": "http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/",
        "http://example.com/list": {
            "@list": [
                "one item"
            ]
        }
    }
]
{
    "@id": "http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/",
    "http://example.com/list": {
        "@list": [
            "one item"
        ]
    }
}
Test 0041: index rejects term having @list

If an index is present, a term having an @list container is not selected

[
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com/node",
      "http://example.com/property": [
          {
            "@index": "an index",
            "@list": [
                {
                  "@value": "one item"
                }
            ]
          }
      ]
    }
]
{
   "@context": {
      "name": { "@id": "http://example.com/property", "@container": "@list" }
   },
   "@id": "http://example.com/node",
   "http://example.com/property": {
      "@list": [
        "one item"
      ],
      "@index": "an index"
   }
}
Test 0042: @list keyword aliasing

Make sure keyword aliasing works if a list can't be compacted

[
   {
    "@id": "http://example.com/node",
    "http://example.com/property": [
       {
        "@list": [
           {
            "@value": "one item"
           }
        ],
        "@index": "an index"
       }
    ]
   }
]
{
    "@context": {
       "listAlias": "@list",
       "indexAlias": "@index"
    },
    "@id": "http://example.com/node",
    "http://example.com/property": {
        "listAlias": [
            "one item"
        ],
        "indexAlias": "an index"
    }
}
Test 0043: select term over @vocab

Ensure that @vocab compaction isn't used if the result collides with a term

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/node",
    "http://example.com/name": [
      { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" }
    ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.com/",
     "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/node",
  "http://example.com/name": "Markus Lanthaler"
}
Test 0044: @type: @vocab in reverse-map

Prefer properties with @type: @vocab in reverse-maps if the value can be compacted to a term

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave"
        },
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/DefinedTerm"
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "knows": { "@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows", "@type": "@id" },
    "knowsVocab": { "@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows", "@type": "@vocab" },
    "DefinedTerm": "http://example.com/people/DefinedTerm"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "@reverse": {
    "knows": "http://example.com/people/dave",
    "knowsVocab": "DefinedTerm"
  }
}
Test 0045: @id value uses relative IRI, not term

Values of @id are transformed to relative IRIs, terms are ignored

[
  {
    "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/term",
    "http://example.com/property": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.com/compact-iris-are-considered",
        "http://example.com/property": [
          { "@value": "@id supports the following values: relative, absolute, and compact IRIs" }
        ]
      },
      {
        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/parent-node",
        "http://example.com/property": [
          { "@value": "relative IRIs get resolved against the document's base IRI" }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "term": "http://example.com/terms-are-not-considered-in-id",
    "compact-iris": "http://example.com/compact-iris-",
    "property": "http://example.com/property",
    "@vocab": "http://example.org/vocab-is-not-considered-for-id"
  },
  "@id": "term",
  "property": [
    {
      "@id": "compact-iris:are-considered",
      "property": "@id supports the following values: relative, absolute, and compact IRIs"
    },
    {
      "@id": "../parent-node",
      "property": "relative IRIs get resolved against the document's base IRI"
    }
  ]
}
Test 0046: multiple objects without @context use @graph

Wrap top-level array into @graph even if no context is passed

[
    {
      "@id": "http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/",
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": "Markus Lanthaler"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": "Gregg Kellogg"
    }
]
{
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/",
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": "Markus Lanthaler"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": "Gregg Kellogg"
    }
  ]
}
Test 0047: Round-trip relative URLs

Relative URLs remain relative after compaction

{
  "@context": {
    "@base": "http://example.com/",
    "link": { "@id": "http://example.com/link", "@type": "@id" }
  },
  "link": "relative-url"
}
{
  "@context": {
    "@base": "http://example.com/",
    "link": { "@id": "http://example.com/link", "@type": "@id" }
  },
  "link": "relative-url"
}
Test 0048: term with @language: null

Prefer terms with a language mapping set to null over terms without language-mapping for non-strings

{
   "http://example.com/propertyA": 5,
   "http://example.com/propertyB": 5
}
{
   "@context": {
      "@language": "de",
      "propertyLanguageNull": {
         "@id": "http://example.com/propertyA",
         "@language": null
      },
      "propertyNoLang": "http://example.com/propertyA",
      "propertyB": "http://example.com/propertyB"
   },
   "propertyLanguageNull": 5,
   "propertyB": 5
}
Test 0049: Round tripping of lists that contain just IRIs

List compaction without @container: @list still uses strings if @type: @id

{
  "@context": {
    "property": { "@id": "http://example.org", "@type": "@id" }
  },
  "property": { "@list": [ "http://example.com/node/a", "http://example.com/node/b", "http://example.com/node/c" ] }
}
{
  "@context": {
    "property": { "@id": "http://example.org", "@type": "@id" }
  },
  "property": { "@list": [ "http://example.com/node/a", "http://example.com/node/b", "http://example.com/node/c" ] }
}
Test 0050: Reverse properties require @type: @id to use string values

Node references in reverse properties are not compacted to strings without explicit type-coercion

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave"
        },
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/gregg"
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "isKnownBy": [
    { "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave" },
    { "@id": "http://example.com/people/gregg" }
  ]
}
Test 0051: Round tripping @list with scalar

Native values survive round-tripping with @list

{
  "http://example.org/term": {
    "@list": [1]
  }
}
{
  "http://example.org/term": {
    "@list": [1]
  }
}
Test 0052: Round tripping @list with scalar and @graph alias

Native values survive round-tripping with @list and @graph alias

{
  "@context": {
    "graph": "@graph",
    "term": "http://example.org/term"
  },
  "graph": [
    {
      "term": {
        "@list": [1]
      }
    },
    {
      "term": {
        "@list": [2]
      }
    }
  ]
}
{
  "@context": {
    "graph": "@graph",
    "term": "http://example.org/term"
  },
  "graph": [
    {
      "term": {
        "@list": [1]
      }
    },
    {
      "term": {
        "@list": [2]
      }
    }
  ]
}
Test 0053: Use @type: @vocab if no @type: @id

Compact to @type: @vocab when no @type: @id term available

[{
  "http://example.org/term": [{"@id": "http://example.org/enum"}]
}]
{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab"}
  },
  "term": "http://example.org/enum"
}
Test 0054: Compact to @type: @vocab and compact @id to term

Compact to @type: @vocab and compact @id to term

[{
  "http://example.org/term": [{"@id": "http://example.org/enum"}]
}]
{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab"},
    "enum": {"@id": "http://example.org/enum"}
  },
  "term": "enum"
}
Test 0055: Round tripping @type: @vocab

Compacting IRI value of property with @type: @vocab can use term

{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab"},
    "enum": {"@id": "http://example.org/enum"}
  },
  "term": "enum"
}
{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab"},
    "enum": {"@id": "http://example.org/enum"}
  },
  "term": "enum"
}
Test 0056: Prefer @type: @vocab over @type: @id for terms

Compacting IRI value of property with @type: @vocab can use term

[{
  "http://example.org/term": [{"@id": "http://example.org/enum"}]
}]
{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab"},
    "doNotSelect": {"@id": "http://example.org/term"},
    "enum": {"@id": "http://example.org/enum"}
  },
  "term": "enum"
}
Test 0057: Complex round tripping @type: @vocab and @type: @id

Compacting IRI value of property with @type: @vocab can use term; more complex

{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "homepageID": { "@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage", "@type": "@id" },
    "homepageV": { "@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage", "@type": "@vocab" },
    "linkID": { "@id": "http://example.com/link", "@type": "@id" },
    "linkV": { "@id": "http://example.com/link", "@type": "@vocab" },
    "MarkusHomepage": "http://www.markus-lanthaler.com/",
    "relative-iri": "http://example.com/error-if-this-is-used-for-link"
  },
  "@id": "http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "homepageV": "MarkusHomepage",
  "linkID": "relative-iri"
}
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "homepageID": { "@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage", "@type": "@id" },
    "homepageV": { "@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage", "@type": "@vocab" },
    "linkID": { "@id": "http://example.com/link", "@type": "@id" },
    "linkV": { "@id": "http://example.com/link", "@type": "@vocab" },
    "MarkusHomepage": "http://www.markus-lanthaler.com/",
    "relative-iri": "http://example.com/error-if-this-is-used-for-link"
  },
  "@id": "http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "homepageV": "MarkusHomepage",
  "linkID": "relative-iri"
}
Test 0058: Prefer @type: @id over @type: @vocab for non-terms

Choose a term having @type: @id over @type: @value if value is not a term

[{
  "http://example.org/term": [{"@id": "http://example.org/enum"}]
}]
{
  "@context": {
    "notChosen": {"@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab"},
    "chosen": {"@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@id"}
  },
  "chosen": "http://example.org/enum"
}
Test 0059: Term with @type: @vocab if no @type: @id

If there's no term with @type: @id, use terms with @type: @vocab for IRIs not mapped to terms

[
  {
    "http://example.com/vocab#foo": [
       { "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#Bar" },
       { "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#Baz" }
    ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "Bar": "http://example.com/vocab#Bar",
    "foo": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#foo",
      "@type": "@vocab"
    }
  },
  "foo": [
    "Bar",
    "http://example.com/vocab#Baz"
  ]
}
Test 0060: Term with @type: @id if no @type: @vocab and term value

If there's no term with @type: @vocab, use terms with @type: @id for IRIs mapped to terms

[
  {
    "http://example.com/vocab#foo": [
       { "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#Bar" },
       { "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#Baz" }
    ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "Bar": "http://example.com/vocab#Bar",
    "foo": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#foo",
      "@type": "@id"
    }
  },
  "foo": [
    "http://example.com/vocab#Bar",
    "http://example.com/vocab#Baz"
  ]
}
Test 0061: @type: @vocab/@id with values matching either

Separate IRIs for the same property to use term with more specific @type (@id vs. @vocab)

[
  {
    "http://example.com/vocab#foo": [
       { "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#Bar" },
       { "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#Baz" }
    ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "Bar": "http://example.com/vocab#Bar",
    "fooI": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#foo",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "fooV": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#foo",
      "@type": "@vocab"
    }
  },
  "fooV": "Bar",
  "fooI": "http://example.com/vocab#Baz"
}
Test 0062: @type: @vocab and relative IRIs

Relative IRIs don't round-trip with @type: @vocab

{
  "@context": {
    "term": { "@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab" }
  },
  "term": "not-a-term-thus-a-relative-IRI"
}
{
  "@context": {
    "term": { "@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab" }
  },
  "term": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/not-a-term-thus-a-relative-IRI"
}
Test 0063: Compact IRI round-tripping with @type: @vocab

Term with @type: @vocab will use compact IRIs

{
  "@context": {
    "term": { "@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab" },
    "prefix": "http://example.com/vocab#"
  },
  "term": "prefix:suffix"
}
{
  "@context": {
    "term": { "@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab" },
    "prefix": "http://example.com/vocab#"
  },
  "term": "prefix:suffix"
}
Test 0064: Compact language-tagged and indexed strings to index-map

Given values with both @index and @language and term index-map term, use index map

[
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com.com/",
      "http://example.com/property": [
          {
            "@value": "Deutsche Zeichenfolge in @index-map",
            "@index": "first",
            "@language": "de"
          },
          {
            "@value": "English string in @index-map",
            "@index": "second",
            "@language": "en"
          }
      ]
    }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "property": { "@id": "http://example.com/property", "@container": "@index" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com.com/",
  "property": {
    "first": {
      "@language": "de",
      "@value": "Deutsche Zeichenfolge in @index-map"
    },
    "second": {
      "@language": "en",
      "@value": "English string in @index-map"
    }
  }
}
Test 0065: Language-tagged and indexed strings with language-map

Language-tagged and indexed strings don't compact to language-map

[
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com.com/",
      "http://example.com/property": [
          {
            "@value": "Deutsche Zeichenfolge in @index-map",
            "@index": "first",
            "@language": "de"
          },
          {
            "@value": "English string in @index-map",
            "@index": "second",
            "@language": "en"
          }
      ]
    }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "property": { "@id": "http://example.com/property", "@container": "@language" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com.com/",
  "http://example.com/property": [
    {
      "@index": "first",
      "@language": "de",
      "@value": "Deutsche Zeichenfolge in @index-map"
    },
    {
      "@index": "second",
      "@language": "en",
      "@value": "English string in @index-map"
    }
  ]
}
Test 0066: Relative IRIs

Complex use cases for relative IRI compaction

[
  {
    "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIris",
    "@type": [
        "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/link",
        "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/compact-0066-in.jsonld#fragment-works",
        "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/compact-0066-in.jsonld?query=works",
        "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/",
        "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/",
        "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/parent",
        "http://json-ld.org/parent-parent-eq-root",
        "http://json-ld.org/still-root",
        "http://json-ld.org/too-many-dots",
        "http://json-ld.org/absolute",
        "http://example.org/scheme-relative"
    ],
    "http://www.example.com/link": [ {
      "@list": [
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/link" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/compact-0066-in.jsonld#fragment-works" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/compact-0066-in.jsonld?query=works" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/parent" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/parent#fragment" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/parent-parent-eq-root" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/still-root" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/too-many-dots" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/absolute" },
        { "@id": "http://example.org/scheme-relative" }
      ]
    } ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "links": { "@id": "http://www.example.com/link", "@type": "@id", "@container": "@list" }
  },
  "@id": "relativeIris",
  "@type": [
      "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/link",
      "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/compact-0066-in.jsonld#fragment-works",
      "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/compact-0066-in.jsonld?query=works",
      "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/",
      "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/",
      "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/parent",
      "http://json-ld.org/parent-parent-eq-root",
      "http://json-ld.org/still-root",
      "http://json-ld.org/too-many-dots",
      "http://json-ld.org/absolute",
      "http://example.org/scheme-relative"
  ],
  "links": [
    "link",
    "#fragment-works",
    "?query=works",
    "./",
    "../",
    "../parent",
    "../parent#fragment",
    "../../parent-parent-eq-root",
    "../../still-root",
    "../../too-many-dots",
    "../../absolute",
    "http://example.org/scheme-relative"
  ]
}
Test 0067: Reverse properties with blank nodes

Compact reverse property whose values are unlabeled blank nodes

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Dave Longley" } ]
        },
        {
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Gregg Kellogg" } ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "isKnownBy": [
    {
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gregg Kellogg"
    }
  ]
}
Test 0068: Single value reverse properties

Single values of reverse properties are compacted as values of ordinary properties

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave"
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows", "@container": "@set" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "isKnownBy": [
    { "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave" }
  ]
}
Test 0069: Single value reverse properties with @set

Single values are kept in array form for reverse properties if the container is to @set

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave"
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows", "@container": "@set" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "isKnownBy": [
    { "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave" }
  ]
}
Test 0070: compactArrays option

Setting compactArrays to false causes single element arrays to be retained

[{
  "@id": "http://example/foo",
  "http://example/term": [{"@value": "value"}]
}]
{
  "@context": {
    "term": "http://example/term"
  },
  "@graph": [{
    "@id": "http://example/foo",
    "term": ["value"]
  }]
}
Test 0071: input has multiple @contexts, output has one

Expanding input with multiple @contexts and compacting with just one doesn't output undefined properties

{
  "@context": [{
    "foo": "http://example.com/foo"
  }, {
    "bar": "http://example.com/bar"
  }],
  "foo": "foo-value",
  "bar": "bar-value"
}
{
  "@context": {
    "foo": "http://example.com/foo"
  },
  "foo": "foo-value",
  "http://example.com/bar": "bar-value"
}
Test 0001: Keywords cannot be aliased to other keywords

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when processing an invalid context aliasing a keyword to another keyword

{
  "@context": {
    "@type": "@id"
  },
  "@type": "http://example.org/type"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/keyword redefinition not loaded
Test 0002: A context may not include itself recursively (direct)

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when processing a context referencing itself

{
  "@context": "error-0002-in.jsonld",
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/recursive context inclusion not loaded
Test 0003: A context may not include itself recursively (indirect)

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when processing a context referencing itself indirectly

{
  "@context": "error-0003-ctx.jsonld",
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/recursive context inclusion not loaded
Test 0004: Error dereferencing a remote context

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a context dereference results in an error

{
  "@context": "tag:non-dereferencable-iri",
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/loading remote context failed not loaded
Test 0005: Invalid remote context

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a remote context is not an object containing @context

[{
  "@context": "error-0005-in.jsonld",
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}]
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid remote context not loaded
Test 0006: Invalid local context

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a context is not a string or object

{
  "@context": true,
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid local context not loaded
Test 0007: Invalid base IRI

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a context contains an invalid @base

{
  "@context": {"@base": true},
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid base IRI not loaded
Test 0008: Invalid vocab mapping

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a context contains an invalid @vocab mapping

{
  "@context": {"@vocab": true},
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid vocab mapping not loaded
Test 0009: Invalid default language

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a context contains an invalid @language

{
  "@context": {"@language": true},
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid default language not loaded
Test 0010: Cyclic IRI mapping

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a cyclic IRI mapping is found

{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": "term:term"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/cyclic IRI mapping not loaded
Test 0011: Invalid term definition

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a invalid term definition is found

{
  "@context": {
    "term": true
  },
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid term definition not loaded
Test 0012: Invalid type mapping (not a string)

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a invalid type mapping is found

{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": "http://example/term", "@type": true}
  },
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid type mapping not loaded
Test 0013: Invalid type mapping (not absolute IRI)

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a invalid type mapping is found

{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": "http://example/term", "@type": "_:not-an-iri"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid type mapping not loaded
Test 0014: Invalid reverse property (contains @id)

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a invalid reverse property is found

{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": "http://example/term", "@reverse": "http://example/reverse"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid reverse property not loaded
Test 0015: Invalid IRI mapping (@reverse not a string)

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a invalid IRI mapping is found

{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@reverse": true}
  },
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid IRI mapping not loaded
Test 0016: Invalid IRI mapping (not an absolute IRI)

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a invalid IRI mapping is found

{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@reverse": "@reverse"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid IRI mapping not loaded
Test 0017: Invalid reverse property (invalid @container)

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a invalid reverse property is found

{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@reverse": "http://example/reverse", "@container": "@list"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid reverse property not loaded
Test 0018: Invalid IRI mapping (@id not a string)

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a invalid IRI mapping is found

{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": true}
  },
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid IRI mapping not loaded
Test 0019: Invalid keyword alias

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a invalid keyword alias is found

{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": "@context"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid keyword alias not loaded
Test 0020: Invalid IRI mapping (no vocab mapping)

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a invalid IRI mapping is found

{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@container": "@set"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid IRI mapping not loaded
Test 0021: Invalid container mapping

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a invalid container mapping is found

{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": "http://example/term", "@container": "@id"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid container mapping not loaded
Test 0022: Invalid language mapping

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a invalid language mapping is found

{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": "http://example/term", "@language": true}
  },
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid language mapping not loaded
Test 0023: Invalid IRI mapping (relative IRI in @type)

Verifies that an exception is raised on expansion when a invalid type mapping is found

{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": "http://example/term", "@type": "relative/iri"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example/test#example"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid type mapping not loaded
Test 0024: List of lists (from array)

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when a list of lists is found

{
  "@context": {"foo": {"@id": "http://example.com/foo", "@container": "@list"}},
  "foo": [{"@list": ["baz"]}]
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/list of lists not loaded
Test 0025: Invalid reverse property map

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when a invalid reverse property map is found

{
  "@id": "http://example/foo",
  "@reverse": {
    "@id": "http://example/bar"
  }
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid reverse property map not loaded
Test 0026: Colliding keywords

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when colliding keywords are found

{
  "@context": {
    "id": "@id",
    "ID": "@id"
  },
  "id": "http://example/foo",
  "ID": "http://example/bar"
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/colliding keywords not loaded
Test 0027: Invalid @id value

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when an invalid @id value is found

{
  "@id": true
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid @id value not loaded
Test 0028: Invalid type value

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when an invalid type value is found

{
  "@type": true
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid type value not loaded
Test 0029: Invalid value object value

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when an invalid value object value is found

{
  "http://example/prop": {"@value": ["foo"]}
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid value object value not loaded
Test 0030: Invalid language-tagged string

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when an invalid language-tagged string value is found

{
  "http://example/prop": {"@value": "foo", "@language": true}
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid language-tagged string not loaded
Test 0031: Invalid @index value

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when an invalid @index value value is found

{
  "http://example.com/vocab/indexMap": {
    "@value": "simple string",
    "@language": "en",
    "@index": true
  }
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid @index value not loaded
Test 0032: List of lists (from array)

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when a list of lists is found

{
  "http://example.com/foo": {"@list": [{"@list": ["baz"]}]}
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/list of lists not loaded
Test 0033: Invalid @reverse value

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when an invalid @reverse value is found

{
  "http://example/prop": {
    "@reverse": true
  }
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid @reverse value not loaded
Test 0034: Invalid reverse property value (in @reverse)

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when an invalid reverse property value is found

{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "@reverse": {
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": "Dave Longley"
  }
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid reverse property value not loaded
Test 0035: Invalid language map value

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when an invalid language map value is found

{
  "@context": {
    "vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/",
    "label": {
      "@id": "vocab:label",
      "@container": "@language"
    }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
  "label": {
    "en": true
  }
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid language map value not loaded
Test 0036: Invalid reverse property value (through coercion)

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when an invalid reverse property value is found

{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@reverse": "http://example/reverse"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example/foo",
  "term": {"@list": ["http://example/bar"]}
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid reverse property value not loaded
Test 0037: Invalid value object (unexpected keyword)

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when an invalid value object is found

{
  "http://example/foo": {"@value": "bar", "@id": "http://example/baz"}
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid value object not loaded
Test 0038: Invalid value object (@type and @language)

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when an invalid value object is found

{
  "http://example/foo": {"@value": "bar", "@language": "en", "@type": "http://example/type"}
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid value object not loaded
Test 0039: Invalid language-tagged value

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when an invalid language-tagged value is found

{
  "http://example/foo": {"@value": true, "@language": "en"}
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid language-tagged value not loaded
Test 0040: Invalid typed value

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when an invalid typed value is found

{
  "http://example/foo": {"@value": "bar", "@type": "_:dt"}
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid typed value not loaded
Test 0041: Invalid set or list object

Verifies that an exception is raised in Expansion when an invalid set or list object is found

{
  "http://example/prop": {"@list": ["foo"], "@id": "http://example/bar"}
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/invalid set or list object not loaded
Test 0042: Compaction to list of lists

Verifies that an exception is raised in Compaction when attempting to compact a list of lists

{
  "http://example/list": [{"@list": ["foo"]}, {"@list": ["bar"]}]
}
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/compaction to list of lists not loaded
Test 0043: Conflicting indexes

Verifies that an exception is raised in Flattening when conflicting indexes are found

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example/foo",
    "@index": "bar"
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example/foo",
    "@index": "baz"
  }
]
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/conflicting indexes not loaded
Test 0001: drop free-floating nodes

Expand drops unreferenced nodes having only @id

{"@id": "http://example.org/test#example"}
[ ]
Test 0002: basic

Expanding terms with different types of values

{
  "@context": {
    "t1": "http://example.com/t1",
    "t2": "http://example.com/t2",
    "term1": "http://example.com/term1",
    "term2": "http://example.com/term2",
    "term3": "http://example.com/term3",
    "term4": "http://example.com/term4",
    "term5": "http://example.com/term5"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "@type": "t1",
  "term1": "v1",
  "term2": {"@value": "v2", "@type": "t2"},
  "term3": {"@value": "v3", "@language": "en"},
  "term4": 4,
  "term5": [50, 51]
}
[{
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "@type": ["http://example.com/t1"],
  "http://example.com/term1": [{"@value": "v1"}],
  "http://example.com/term2": [{"@value": "v2", "@type": "http://example.com/t2"}],
  "http://example.com/term3": [{"@value": "v3", "@language": "en"}],
  "http://example.com/term4": [{"@value": 4}],
  "http://example.com/term5": [{"@value": 50}, {"@value": 51}]
}]
Test 0003: drop null and unmapped properties

Verifies that null values and unmapped properties are removed from expanded output

{
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "http://example.org/property": null,
  "regularJson": {
    "nonJsonLd": "property",
    "deep": [{
      "foo": "bar"
    }, {
      "bar": "foo"
    }]
  }
}
[ ]
Test 0004: optimize @set, keep empty arrays

Uses of @set are removed in expansion; values of @set, or just plain values which are empty arrays are retained

{
  "@context": {
    "mylist1": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist1", "@container": "@list"},
    "mylist2": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist2", "@container": "@list"},
    "myset2": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset2", "@container": "@set"},
    "myset3": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset3", "@container": "@set"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "mylist1": { "@list": [ ] },
  "mylist2": "one item",
  "myset2": { "@set": [ ] },
  "myset3": [ "v1" ],
  "http://example.org/list1": { "@list": [ null ] },
  "http://example.org/list2": { "@list": [ {"@value": null} ] },
  "http://example.org/set1": { "@set": [ ] },
  "http://example.org/set1": { "@set": [ null ] },
  "http://example.org/set3": [ ],
  "http://example.org/set4": [ null ],
  "http://example.org/set5": "one item",
  "http://example.org/property": { "@list": "one item" }
}
[{
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "http://example.com/mylist1": [ { "@list": [ ] } ],
  "http://example.com/mylist2": [ { "@list": [ {"@value": "one item"} ] } ],
  "http://example.com/myset2": [ ],
  "http://example.com/myset3": [ {"@value": "v1"} ],
  "http://example.org/list1": [ { "@list": [ ] } ],
  "http://example.org/list2": [ { "@list": [ ] } ],
  "http://example.org/set1": [ ],
  "http://example.org/set1": [ ],
  "http://example.org/set3": [ ],
  "http://example.org/set4": [ ],
  "http://example.org/set5": [ {"@value": "one item"} ],
  "http://example.org/property": [ { "@list": [ {"@value": "one item"} ] } ]
}]
Test 0005: do not expand aliased @id/@type

If a keyword is aliased, it is not used when expanding

{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "homepage": {
      "@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "know": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows",
    "@iri": "@id"
  },
  "@id": "#me",
  "know": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com/bob#me",
      "name": "Bob",
      "homepage": "http://example.com/bob"
    }, {
      "@id": "http://example.com/alice#me",
      "name": "Alice",
      "homepage": "http://example.com/alice"
    }
  ]
}
[{
  "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/expand-0005-in.jsonld#me",
  "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com/bob#me",
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [{"@value": "Bob"}],
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage": [{
        "@id": "http://example.com/bob"
      }]
    }, {
      "@id": "http://example.com/alice#me",
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [{"@value": "Alice"}],
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage": [{
        "@id": "http://example.com/alice"
      }]
    }
  ]
}]
Test 0006: alias keywords

Aliased keywords expand in resulting document

{
  "@context": {
    "http://example.org/test#property1": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "http://example.org/test#property2": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "uri": "@id"
  },
  "http://example.org/test#property1": {
    "http://example.org/test#property4": "foo",
    "uri": "http://example.org/test#example2"
  },
  "http://example.org/test#property2": "http://example.org/test#example3",
  "http://example.org/test#property3": {
    "uri": "http://example.org/test#example4"
  },
  "uri": "http://example.org/test#example1"
}
[{
  "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1",
  "http://example.org/test#property1": [{
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#example2",
    "http://example.org/test#property4": [{"@value": "foo"}]
  }],
  "http://example.org/test#property2": [{
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#example3"
  }],
  "http://example.org/test#property3": [{
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#example4"
  }]
}]
Test 0007: date type-coercion

Expand strings to expanded value with @type: xsd:dateTime

{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "ex:date": {
      "@type": "xsd:dateTime"
    },
    "ex:parent": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1",
  "ex:date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z",
  "ex:embed": {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#example2",
    "ex:parent": "http://example.org/test#example1"
  }
}
[{
  "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1",
  "http://example.org/vocab#date": [{
    "@value": "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z",
    "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
  }],
  "http://example.org/vocab#embed": [{
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#example2",
    "http://example.org/vocab#parent": [{
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1"
    }]
  }]
}]
Test 0008: @value with @language

Keep expanded values with @language, drop non-conforming value objects containing just @language

{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test",
  "ex:test": { "@value": "test",  "@language": "en" },
  "ex:drop-lang-only": { "@language": "en" },
  "ex:keep-full-value": { "@value": "only value" }
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test",
    "http://example.org/vocab#test": [ { "@value": "test", "@language": "en" } ],
    "http://example.org/vocab#keep-full-value": [ {"@value": "only value"} ]
  }
]
Test 0009: @graph with terms

Use of @graph to contain multiple nodes within array

{
  "@context": {
    "authored": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#authored",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contains": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#contains",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contributor": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor",
    "description": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description",
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "title": {
      "@id": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title"
    }
  },
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "description": "Fun",
      "title": "Chapter One"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
      "authored": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "name": "Jane"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
      "name": "John"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
      "contains": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
        "contributor": "Writer",
        "title": "My Book"
      }
    }
  ]
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
    "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description": [{"@value": "Fun"}],
    "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [{"@value": "Chapter One"}]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
    "http://example.org/vocab#authored": [{
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
    }],
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [{"@value": "Jane"}]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [{"@value": "John"}]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
    "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [{
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
      "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [{
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
      }],
      "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor": [{"@value": "Writer"}],
      "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [{"@value": "My Book"}]
    }]
  }
]
Test 0010: native types

Expanding native scalar retains native scalar within expanded value

{
  "@context": {
    "d": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/",
    "e": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "f": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/",
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test",
  "e:bool": true,
  "e:int": 123
}
[{
  "@id": "http://example.org/test",
  "http://example.org/vocab#bool": [{"@value": true}],
  "http://example.org/vocab#int": [{"@value": 123}]
}]
Test 0011: coerced @id

A value of a property with @type: @id coercion expands to a node reference

{
  "@context": {
    "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/",
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "ex:contains": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
  "dc:title": "Title",
  "ex:contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
}
[{
  "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
  "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [{
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
  }],
  "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [{"@value": "Title"}]
}]
Test 0012: @graph with embed

Use of @graph to contain multiple nodes within array

{
  "@context": {
    "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/",
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "ex:authored": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "ex:contains": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/",
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
  },
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "dc:description": "Fun",
      "dc:title": "Chapter One"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
      "ex:authored": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "foaf:name": "Jane"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
      "foaf:name": "John"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
      "ex:contains": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "dc:contributor": "Writer",
        "dc:title": "My Book",
        "ex:contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
      }
    }
  ]
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
    "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description": [{"@value": "Fun"}],
    "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [{"@value": "Chapter One"}]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
    "http://example.org/vocab#authored": [{
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
    }],
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [{"@value": "Jane"}]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [{"@value": "John"}]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
    "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [{
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
      "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [{
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
      }],
      "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor": [{"@value": "Writer"}],
      "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [{"@value": "My Book"}]
    }]
  }
]
Test 0013: expand already expanded

Expand does not mess up already expanded document

[{
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "@type": ["http://example.com/t1"],
  "http://example.com/term1": ["v1"],
  "http://example.com/term2": [{"@value": "v2", "@type": "http://example.com/t2"}],
  "http://example.com/term3": [{"@value": "v3", "@language": "en"}],
  "http://example.com/term4": [4],
  "http://example.com/term5": [50, 51]
}]
[{
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "@type": ["http://example.com/t1"],
  "http://example.com/term1": [{"@value": "v1"}],
  "http://example.com/term2": [{"@value": "v2", "@type": "http://example.com/t2"}],
  "http://example.com/term3": [{"@value": "v3", "@language": "en"}],
  "http://example.com/term4": [{"@value": 4}],
  "http://example.com/term5": [{"@value": 50}, {"@value": 51}]
}]
Test 0014: @set of @value objects with keyword aliases

Expanding aliased @set and @value

{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/test#",
    "property1": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#property1",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "property2": {
      "@id": "ex:property2",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "uri": "@id",
    "set": "@set",
    "value": "@value",
    "type": "@type",
    "xsd": { "@id": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" }
  },
  "property1": {
    "uri": "ex:example2",
    "http://example.org/test#property4": "foo"
  },
  "property2": "http://example.org/test#example3",
  "http://example.org/test#property3": {
    "uri": "http://example.org/test#example4"
  },
  "ex:property4": {
    "uri": "ex:example4",
    "ex:property5": [
      {
        "set": [
          {
          "value": "2012-03-31",
          "type": "xsd:date"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "ex:property6": [
    {
      "set": [
        {
        "value": null,
        "type": "xsd:date"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "uri": "http://example.org/test#example1"
}
[
  {
    "http://example.org/test#property1": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#example2",
        "http://example.org/test#property4": [
          {"@value": "foo"}
        ]
      }
    ],
    "http://example.org/test#property2": [
      { "@id": "http://example.org/test#example3" }
    ],
    "http://example.org/test#property3": [
      { "@id": "http://example.org/test#example4" }
    ],
    "http://example.org/test#property4": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#example4",
        "http://example.org/test#property5": [
          {
            "@value": "2012-03-31",
            "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "http://example.org/test#property6": [],
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1"
  }
]
Test 0015: collapse set of sets, keep empty lists

An array of multiple @set nodes are collapsed into a single array

{
  "@context": {
    "mylist1": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist1", "@container": "@list"},
    "mylist2": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist2", "@container": "@list"},
    "myset1": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset1", "@container": "@set" },
    "myset2": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset2", "@container": "@set" },
    "myset3": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset3", "@container": "@set" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "mylist1": [],
  "myset1": { "@set": [] },
  "myset2": [ { "@set": [] }, [], { "@set": [ null ] }, [ null ] ],
  "myset3": [ { "@set": [ "hello", "this" ] }, "will", { "@set": [ "be", "collapsed" ] } ]
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/id",
    "http://example.com/mylist1": [ { "@list": [] } ],
    "http://example.com/myset1": [ ],
    "http://example.com/myset2": [ ],
    "http://example.com/myset3": [
      {"@value": "hello"},
      {"@value": "this"},
      {"@value": "will"},
      {"@value": "be"},
      {"@value": "collapsed"} ]
  }
]
Test 0016: context reset

Setting @context to null within an embedded object resets back to initial context state

{
  "@context": {
    "myproperty": { "@id": "http://example.com/myproperty" },
    "mylist1": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist1", "@container": "@list"},
    "mylist2": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist2", "@container": "@list"},
    "myset1": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset1", "@container": "@set" },
    "myset2": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset2", "@container": "@set" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/id1",
  "mylist1": [],
  "mylist2": [ 2, "hi" ],
  "myset1": { "@set": [] },
  "myset2": [ { "@set": [] }, [], { "@set": [ null ] }, [ null ] ],
  "myproperty": {
    "@context": null,
    "@id": "http://example.org/id2",
    "mylist1": [],
    "mylist2": [ 2, "hi" ],
    "myset1": { "@set": [] },
    "myset2": [ { "@set": [] }, [], { "@set": [ null ] }, [ null ] ],
    "http://example.org/myproperty2": "ok"
  },
  "http://example.com/emptyobj": {
    "@context": null,
    "mylist1": [],
    "mylist2": [ 2, "hi" ],
    "myset1": { "@set": [] },
    "myset2": [ { "@set": [] }, [], { "@set": [ null ] }, [ null ] ]
  }
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/id1",
    "http://example.com/mylist1": [ { "@list": [] } ],
    "http://example.com/mylist2": [
      { "@list": [ {"@value": 2}, {"@value": "hi"} ] }
    ],
    "http://example.com/myset1": [ ],
    "http://example.com/myset2": [ ],
    "http://example.com/myproperty": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/id2",
        "http://example.org/myproperty2": [ {"@value": "ok"} ]
      }
    ],
    "http://example.com/emptyobj": [ { } ]
  }
]
Test 0017: @graph and @id aliased

Expanding with @graph and @id aliases

{
  "@context": {
    "authored": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#authored",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contains": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#contains",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contributor": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor",
    "description": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description",
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "title": {
      "@id": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title"
    },
    "id": "@id",
    "data": "@graph"
  },
  "data": [
    {
      "id": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "description": "Fun",
      "title": "Chapter One"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
      "authored": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "name": "Jane"
    },
    {
      "id": "http://example.org/test#john",
      "name": "John"
    },
    {
      "id": "http://example.org/test#library",
      "contains": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
        "contributor": "Writer",
        "title": "My Book"
      }
    }
  ]
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
    "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description": [{"@value": "Fun"}],
    "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [{"@value": "Chapter One"}]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
    "http://example.org/vocab#authored": [{
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
    }],
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [{"@value": "Jane"}]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [{"@value": "John"}]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
    "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [{
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
      "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [{
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
      }],
      "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor": [{"@value": "Writer"}],
      "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [{"@value": "My Book"}]
    }]
  }
]
Test 0018: override default @language

override default @language in terms; only language-tag strings

{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "@language": "en",
    "de": { "@id": "ex:german", "@language": "de" },
    "nolang": { "@id": "ex:nolang", "@language": null }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test",
  "ex:test-default": [
    "hello",
    1,
    true
  ],
  "de": [
    "hallo",
    2,
    true
  ],
  "nolang": [
    "no language",
    3,
    false
  ]
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test",
    "http://example.org/vocab#test-default": [ { "@value": "hello", "@language": "en" }, { "@value": 1 }, { "@value": true } ],
    "http://example.org/vocab#german": [ { "@value": "hallo", "@language": "de" }, { "@value": 2 }, { "@value": true } ],
    "http://example.org/vocab#nolang": [ {"@value": "no language"}, { "@value": 3 }, { "@value": false } ]
  }
]
Test 0019: remove @value = null

Expanding a value of null removes the value

{
  "@context": {
    "myproperty": "http://example.com/myproperty"
  },
  "myproperty": { "@value" : null }
}
[ ]
Test 0020: do not remove @graph if not at top-level

@graph used under a node is retained

{
  "@context": {
    "authored": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#authored",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contains": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#contains",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contributor": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor",
    "description": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description",
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "title": {
      "@id": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title"
    }
  },
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
      "name": "Jane",
      "authored": {
        "@graph": [
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter1",
            "description": "Fun",
            "title": "Chapter One"
          },
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter2",
            "description": "More fun",
            "title": "Chapter Two"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
      "name": "John"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
      "contains": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
        "contributor": "Writer",
        "title": "My Book"
      }
    }
  ]
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ {"@value": "Jane"} ],
    "http://example.org/vocab#authored": [
      {
        "@graph": [
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter1",
            "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description": [ {"@value": "Fun"} ],
            "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [ {"@value": "Chapter One"} ]
          },
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter2",
            "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description": [ {"@value": "More fun"} ],
            "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [ {"@value": "Chapter Two"} ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ {"@value": "John"} ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
    "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [ { "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter" } ],
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor": [ {"@value": "Writer"} ],
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [ {"@value": "My Book"} ]
      }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0021: do not remove @graph at top-level if not only property

@graph used at the top level is retained if there are other properties

{
  "@context": {
    "authored": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#authored",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contains": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#contains",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contributor": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor",
    "description": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description",
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "title": {
      "@id": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title"
    }
  },
  "title": "My first graph",
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
      "name": "Jane",
      "authored": {
        "@graph": [
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter1",
            "description": "Fun",
            "title": "Chapter One"
          },
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter2",
            "description": "More fun",
            "title": "Chapter Two"
          },
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter3",
            "title": "Chapter Three"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
      "name": "John"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
      "contains": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
        "contributor": "Writer",
        "title": "My Book"
      }
    }
  ]
}
[
  {
    "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [ {"@value": "My first graph"} ],
    "@graph": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ {"@value": "Jane"} ],
        "http://example.org/vocab#authored": [
          {
            "@graph": [
              {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter1",
                "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description": [ {"@value": "Fun"} ],
                "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [ {"@value": "Chapter One"} ]
              },
              {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter2",
                "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description": [ {"@value": "More fun"} ],
                "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [ {"@value": "Chapter Two"} ]
              },
              {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter3",
                "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [ {"@value": "Chapter Three"} ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ {"@value": "John"} ]
      },
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
        "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
            "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [ { "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter" } ],
            "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor": [ {"@value": "Writer"} ],
            "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [ {"@value": "My Book"} ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0022: expand value with default language

Expanding with a default language applies that language to string values

{
  "@context": {
    "term": "http://example.com/term",
    "@language": "en"
  },
  "term": "v"
}
[{
  "http://example.com/term": [{"@value": "v", "@language": "en"}]
}]
Test 0023: Expanding list/set with coercion

Expanding lists and sets with properties having coercion coerces list/set values

{
  "@context": {
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#",
    "idlist": {"@id": "http://example.com/idlist", "@container": "@list", "@type": "@id"},
    "datelist": {"@id": "http://example.com/datelist", "@container": "@list", "@type": "xsd:date"},
    "idset": {"@id": "http://example.com/idset", "@container": "@set", "@type": "@id"},
    "dateset": {"@id": "http://example.com/dateset", "@container": "@set", "@type": "xsd:date"},
    "idprop": {"@id": "http://example.com/idprop", "@type": "@id" },
    "dateprop": {"@id": "http://example.com/dateprop", "@type": "xsd:date" },
    "idprop2": {"@id": "http://example.com/idprop2", "@type": "@id" },
    "dateprop2": {"@id": "http://example.com/dateprop2", "@type": "xsd:date" }
  },
  "idlist": ["http://example.org/id"],
  "datelist": ["2012-04-12"],
  "idprop": {"@list": ["http://example.org/id"]},
  "dateprop": {"@list": ["2012-04-12"]},
  "idset": ["http://example.org/id"],
  "dateset": ["2012-04-12"],
  "idprop2": {"@set": ["http://example.org/id"]},
  "dateprop2": {"@set": ["2012-04-12"]}
}
[
  {
    "http://example.com/idlist": [{"@list": [{"@id": "http://example.org/id"}]}],
    "http://example.com/datelist": [{"@list": [{"@value": "2012-04-12","@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date"}]}],
    "http://example.com/idprop": [{"@list": [{"@id": "http://example.org/id"}]}],
    "http://example.com/dateprop": [{"@list": [{"@value": "2012-04-12","@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date"}]}],
    "http://example.com/idset": [{"@id": "http://example.org/id"}],
    "http://example.com/dateset": [{"@value": "2012-04-12","@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date"}],
    "http://example.com/idprop2": [{"@id": "http://example.org/id"}],
    "http://example.com/dateprop2": [{"@value": "2012-04-12","@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date"}]
  }
]
Test 0024: Multiple contexts

Tests that contexts in an array are merged

{
  "@context": [
    {
      "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
      "homepage": {"@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage","@type": "@id"}
    },
    {"ical": "http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/ical#"}
  ],
  "@id": "http://example.com/speakers#Alice",
  "name": "Alice",
  "homepage": "http://xkcd.com/177/",
  "ical:summary": "Alice Talk",
  "ical:location": "Lyon Convention Centre, Lyon, France"
}
[{
  "@id": "http://example.com/speakers#Alice",
  "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [{"@value": "Alice"}],
  "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage": [{"@id": "http://xkcd.com/177/"}],
  "http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/ical#summary": [{"@value": "Alice Talk"}],
  "http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/ical#location": [{"@value": "Lyon Convention Centre, Lyon, France"}]
}]
Test 0025: Problematic IRI expansion tests

Expanding different kinds of terms and Compact IRIs

{
  "@context": {
    "foo": "http://example.com/foo/",
    "foo:bar": "http://example.com/bar",
    "bar": {"@id": "foo:bar", "@type": "@id"},
    "_": "http://example.com/underscore/"
  },
  "@type": [ "foo", "foo:bar", "_" ]
}
[{
  "@type": [
    "http://example.com/foo/",
    "http://example.com/bar",
    "http://example.com/underscore/"
  ]
}]
Test 0026: Term definition with @id: @type

Expanding term mapping to @type uses @type syntax

{
  "@context": {
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type": {"@id": "@type", "@type": "@id"}
  },
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com/a",
      "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type": "http://example.com/b"
    }, {
      "@id": "http://example.com/c",
      "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type": [
        "http://example.com/d",
        "http://example.com/e"
      ]
    }, {
      "@id": "http://example.com/f",
      "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type": "http://example.com/g"
    }
  ]
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/a",
    "@type": [
      "http://example.com/b"
    ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/c",
    "@type": [
      "http://example.com/d",
      "http://example.com/e"
    ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/f",
    "@type": [
      "http://example.com/g"
    ]
  }
]
Test 0027: Duplicate values in @list and @set

Duplicate values in @list and @set are not merged

{
  "@context": {
    "mylist": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist", "@container": "@list"},
    "myset": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset", "@container": "@set"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "mylist": [1, 2, 2, 3],
  "myset": [1, 2, 2, 3]
}
[{
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "http://example.com/mylist": [{
    "@list": [
      {"@value": 1},
      {"@value": 2},
      {"@value": 2},
      {"@value": 3}
    ]
  }],
  "http://example.com/myset": [
    {"@value": 1},
    {"@value": 2},
    {"@value": 2},
    {"@value": 3}
  ]
}]
Test 0028: Use @vocab in properties and @type but not in @id

@vocab is used to compact properties and @type, but is not used for @id

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "date": { "@type": "dateTime" }
  },
  "@id": "example1",
  "@type": "test",
  "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z",
  "embed": {
    "@id": "example2",
    "expandedDate": { "@value": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z", "@type": "dateTime" }
  }
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/example1",
    "@type": [ "http://example.org/vocab#test" ],
    "http://example.org/vocab#date": [
      {
        "@value": "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z",
        "@type": "http://example.org/vocab#dateTime"
      }
    ],
    "http://example.org/vocab#embed": [
      {
        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/example2",
        "http://example.org/vocab#expandedDate": [
          {
            "@value": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z",
            "@type": "http://example.org/vocab#dateTime"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0029: Relative IRIs

@base is used to compact @id; test with different relative IRIs

{
  "@context": {
    "links": { "@id": "http://www.example.com/link", "@type": "@id", "@container": "@list" }
  },
  "@id": "relativeIris",
  "@type": [
    "link",
    "#fragment-works",
    "?query=works",
    "./",
    "../",
    "../parent",
    "../../parent-parent-eq-root",
    "../../../../../still-root",
    "../.././.././../../too-many-dots",
    "/absolute",
    "//example.org/scheme-relative"
  ],
  "links": [
    "link",
    "#fragment-works",
    "?query=works",
    "./",
    "../",
    "../parent",
    "../../parent-parent-eq-root",
    "./../../../useless/../../../still-root",
    "../.././.././../../too-many-dots",
    "/absolute",
    "//example.org/scheme-relative"
  ]
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIris",
    "@type": [
        "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/link",
        "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/expand-0029-in.jsonld#fragment-works",
        "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/expand-0029-in.jsonld?query=works",
        "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/",
        "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/",
        "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/parent",
        "http://json-ld.org/parent-parent-eq-root",
        "http://json-ld.org/still-root",
        "http://json-ld.org/too-many-dots",
        "http://json-ld.org/absolute",
        "http://example.org/scheme-relative"
    ],
    "http://www.example.com/link": [ {
      "@list": [
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/link" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/expand-0029-in.jsonld#fragment-works" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/expand-0029-in.jsonld?query=works" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/parent" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/parent-parent-eq-root" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/still-root" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/too-many-dots" },
        { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/absolute" },
        { "@id": "http://example.org/scheme-relative" }
      ]
    } ]
  }
]
Test 0030: Language maps

Language Maps expand values to include @language

{
  "@context": {
    "vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/",
    "label": {
      "@id": "vocab:label",
      "@container": "@language"
    }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
  "label": {
    "en": "The Queen",
    "de": [ "Die Königin", "Ihre Majestät" ]
  }
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
    "http://example.com/vocab/label":
    [
      {
        "@value": "Die Königin",
        "@language": "de"
      }, {
        "@value": "Ihre Majestät",
        "@language": "de"
      }, {
        "@value": "The Queen",
        "@language": "en"
      }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0031: type-coercion of native types

Expanding native types with type coercion adds the coerced type to an expanded value representation and retains the native value representation

{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#",
    "ex:integer": { "@type": "xsd:integer" },
    "ex:double": { "@type": "xsd:double" },
    "ex:boolean": { "@type": "xsd:boolean" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1",
  "ex:integer": 1,
  "ex:double": 123.45,
  "ex:boolean": true
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1",
    "http://example.org/vocab#integer": [ {
      "@value": 1,
      "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer"
    } ],
    "http://example.org/vocab#double": [ {
      "@value": 123.45,
      "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double"
    } ],
    "http://example.org/vocab#boolean": [ {
      "@value": true,
      "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean"
    } ]
  }
]
Test 0032: Null term and @vocab

Mapping a term to null decouples it from @vocab

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/",
    "from": null,
    "university": { "@id": null }
  },
  "@id": "http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "from": "Italy",
  "university": "TU Graz"
}
[
   {
      "@id": "http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/",
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
         {
            "@value": "Markus Lanthaler"
         }
      ]
   }
]
Test 0033: Using @vocab with with type-coercion

Verifies that terms can be defined using @vocab

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.com/vocab#",
    "homepage": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "created_at": {
      "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date"
    }
  },
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "homepage": "http://www.markus-lanthaler.com/",
  "created_at": "2012-10-28"
}
[{
   "http://example.com/vocab#name": [{
      "@value": "Markus Lanthaler"
   }],
   "http://example.com/vocab#homepage": [{
      "@id": "http://www.markus-lanthaler.com/"
   }],
   "http://example.com/vocab#created_at": [{
      "@value": "2012-10-28",
      "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date"
   }]
}]
Test 0034: Multiple properties expanding to the same IRI

Verifies multiple values from separate terms are deterministically made multiple values of the IRI associated with the terms

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/",
    "colliding": "http://example.com/vocab/collidingTerm"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/IriCollissions",
  "colliding": [
    "value 1",
    2
  ],
  "collidingTerm": [
    3,
    "four"
  ],
  "http://example.com/vocab/collidingTerm": 5
}
[{
   "@id": "http://example.com/IriCollissions",
   "http://example.com/vocab/collidingTerm": [
      {
         "@value": "value 1"
      }, {
         "@value": 2
      }, {
         "@value": 3
      }, {
         "@value": "four"
      },
      {
         "@value": 5
      }
   ]
}]
Test 0035: Language maps with @vocab, default language, and colliding property

Pathological tests of language maps

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/",
    "@language": "it",
    "label": {
      "@container": "@language"
    }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
  "label": {
    "en": "The Queen",
    "de": [ "Die Königin", "Ihre Majestät" ]
  },
  "http://example.com/vocab/label": [
    "Il re",
    { "@value": "The king", "@language": "en" }
  ]
}
[{
   "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
   "http://example.com/vocab/label": [
      {
         "@value": "Il re",
         "@language": "it"
      }, {
         "@value": "The king",
         "@language": "en"
      }, {
         "@value": "Die Königin",
         "@language": "de"
      }, {
         "@value": "Ihre Majestät",
         "@language": "de"
      }, {
         "@value": "The Queen",
         "@language": "en"
      }
   ]
}]
Test 0036: Expanding @index

Expanding index maps for terms defined with @container: @index

{
  "@context": {
    "property": "http://example.com/property",
    "indexContainer": { "@id": "http://example.com/container", "@container": "@index" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/indexTest",
  "indexContainer": {
    "A": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexA"
      },
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexA",
        "@index": "this overrides the 'A' index from the container"
      },
      1,
      true,
      false,
      null,
      "simple string A",
      {
        "@value": "typed literal A",
        "@type": "http://example.org/type"
      },
      {
        "@value": "language-tagged string A",
        "@language": "en"
      }
    ],
    "B": "simple string B",
    "C": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexC"
      },
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexC",
        "@index": "this overrides the 'C' index from the container"
      },
      3,
      true,
      false,
      null,
      "simple string C",
      {
        "@value": "typed literal C",
        "@type": "http://example.org/type"
      },
      {
        "@value": "language-tagged string C",
        "@language": "en"
      }
    ]
  },
  "property": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexProp"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexProp",
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": 3,
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": true,
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": false,
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": null,
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    "simple string no index",
    {
      "@value": "typed literal Prop",
      "@type": "http://example.org/type",
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": "language-tagged string Prop",
      "@language": "en",
      "@index": "prop"
    }
  ]
}
[
   {
      "@id": "http://example.org/indexTest",
      "http://example.com/container": [
         {
            "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexA",
            "@index": "A"
         },
         {
            "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexA",
            "@index": "this overrides the 'A' index from the container"
         },
         {
            "@value": 1,
            "@index": "A"
         },
         {
            "@value": true,
            "@index": "A"
         },
         {
            "@value": false,
            "@index": "A"
         },
         {
            "@value": "simple string A",
            "@index": "A"
         },
         {
            "@value": "typed literal A",
            "@type": "http://example.org/type",
            "@index": "A"
         },
         {
            "@value": "language-tagged string A",
            "@language": "en",
            "@index": "A"
         },
         {
            "@value": "simple string B",
            "@index": "B"
         },
         {
            "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexC",
            "@index": "C"
         },
         {
            "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexC",
            "@index": "this overrides the 'C' index from the container"
         },
         {
            "@value": 3,
            "@index": "C"
         },
         {
            "@value": true,
            "@index": "C"
         },
         {
            "@value": false,
            "@index": "C"
         },
         {
            "@value": "simple string C",
            "@index": "C"
         },
         {
            "@value": "typed literal C",
            "@type": "http://example.org/type",
            "@index": "C"
         },
         {
            "@value": "language-tagged string C",
            "@language": "en",
            "@index": "C"
         }
      ],
      "http://example.com/property": [
         {
            "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexProp"
         },
         {
            "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexProp",
            "@index": "prop"
         },
         {
            "@value": 3,
            "@index": "prop"
         },
         {
            "@value": true,
            "@index": "prop"
         },
         {
            "@value": false,
            "@index": "prop"
         },
         {
            "@value": "simple string no index"
         },
         {
            "@value": "typed literal Prop",
            "@type": "http://example.org/type",
            "@index": "prop"
         },
         {
            "@value": "language-tagged string Prop",
            "@language": "en",
            "@index": "prop"
         }
      ]
   }
]
Test 0037: Expanding @reverse

Expanding @reverse keeps @reverse

{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "@reverse": {
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    }
  }
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Dave Longley" } ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
Test 0038: Expanding blank node labels

Blank nodes are not relabeled during expansion

{
  "@context": {
    "term": "_:term",
    "termId": { "@id": "term", "@type": "@id" }
  },
  "@id": "_:term",
  "@type": "_:term",
  "term": [
    {
      "@id": "_:term",
      "@type": "term"
    },
    {
      "@id": "_:Bx",
      "term": "term"
    },
    "plain value",
    {
      "@id": "_:term"
    }
  ],
  "termId": [
    {
      "@id": "_:term",
      "@type": "term"
    },
    {
      "@id": "_:Cx",
      "term": "termId"
    },
    "term:AppendedToBlankNode",
    "_:termAppendedToBlankNode",
    "relativeIri",
    {
      "@id": "_:term"
    }
  ]
}
[
  {
    "@id": "_:term",
    "@type": [
      "_:term"
    ],
    "_:term": [
      {
        "@id": "_:term",
        "@type": [
          "_:term"
        ]
      },
      {
        "@id": "_:Bx",
        "_:term": [
          {
            "@value": "term"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "@value": "plain value"
      },
      {
        "@id": "_:term"
      },
      {
        "@id": "_:term",
        "@type": [
          "_:term"
        ]
      },
      {
        "@id": "_:Cx",
        "_:term": [
          {
            "@value": "termId"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "@id": "_:termAppendedToBlankNode"
      },
      {
        "@id": "_:termAppendedToBlankNode"
      },
      {
        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIri"
      },
      {
        "@id": "_:term"
      }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0039: Using terms in a reverse-maps

Terms within @reverse are expanded

{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "knows": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "@reverse": {
    "knows": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    }
  }
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Dave Longley" } ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
Test 0040: language and index expansion on non-objects

Only invoke language and index map expansion if the value is a JSON object

{
  "@context": {
    "vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/",
    "label": {
      "@id": "vocab:label",
      "@container": "@language"
    },
    "indexes": {
      "@id": "vocab:index",
      "@container": "@index"
    }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
  "label": [
    "The Queen"
  ],
  "indexes":
  [
    "No",
    "indexes",
    { "@id": "asTheValueIsntAnObject" }
  ]
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
    "http://example.com/vocab/label":
    [
      {
        "@value": "The Queen"
      }
    ],
    "http://example.com/vocab/index":
    [
      {
        "@value": "No"
      },
      {
        "@value": "indexes"
      },
      {
        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/asTheValueIsntAnObject"
      }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0041: @language: null resets the default language 
{
  "@context": {
    "property": "http://example.com/property",
    "nested": "http://example.com/nested",
    "@language": "en"
  },
  "property": "this is English",
  "nested": {
    "@context": {
      "@language": null
    },
    "property": "and this is a plain string"
  }
}
[
  {
    "http://example.com/property": [ { "@value": "this is English", "@language": "en" } ],
    "http://example.com/nested": [
      {
        "http://example.com/property": [ { "@value": "and this is a plain string" } ]
      }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0042: Reverse properties

Expanding terms defined as reverse properties uses @reverse in expanded document

{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "isKnownBy": {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
    "name": "Dave Longley"
  }
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Dave Longley" } ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
Test 0043: Using reverse properties inside a @reverse-container

Expanding a reverse property within a @reverse undoes both reversals

{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "@reverse": {
    "isKnownBy": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
        "name": "Dave Longley"
      },
      {
        "@id": "http://example.com/people/gregg",
        "name": "Gregg Kellogg"
      }
    ]
  }
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Dave Longley" } ]
      },
      {
        "@id": "http://example.com/people/gregg",
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Gregg Kellogg" } ]
      }
    ],
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
Test 0044: Index maps with language mappings

Ensure index maps use language mapping

{
  "@context": {
    "property": { "@id": "http://example.com/vocab/property", "@language": "de" },
    "indexMap": { "@id": "http://example.com/vocab/indexMap", "@language": "en", "@container": "@index" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/node",
  "property": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com/propertyValueNode",
      "indexMap": {
        "expands to english string": "simple string"
      }
    },
    "einfacher String"
  ]
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/node",
    "http://example.com/vocab/property": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.com/propertyValueNode",
        "http://example.com/vocab/indexMap": [
          {
            "@value": "simple string",
            "@language": "en",
            "@index": "expands to english string"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "@value": "einfacher String",
        "@language": "de"
      }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0045: Top-level value objects

Expanding top-level value objects causes them to be removed

{
    "@value": "free-floating value"
}
[ ]
Test 0046: Free-floating nodes

Expanding free-floating nodes causes them to be removed

{
    "@graph": [
        { "@id": "http://example.com/free-floating-node" },
        { "@value": "free-floating value object" },
        { "@value": "free-floating value language-tagged string",  "@language": "en" },
        { "@value": "free-floating value typed value",  "@type": "http://example.com/type" },
        "free-floating plain string",
        true,
        false,
        null,
        1,
        1.5
    ]
}
[ ]
Test 0047: Free-floating values in sets and free-floating lists

Free-floating values in sets are removed, free-floating lists are removed completely

{
    "@context": {
        "property": "http://example.com/property"
    },
    "@graph": [
        {
            "@set": [
                "free-floating strings in set objects are removed",
                {
                    "@id": "http://example.com/free-floating-node"
                },
                {
                    "@id": "http://example.com/node",
                    "property": "nodes with properties are not removed"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "@list": [
                "lists are removed even though they represent an invisible linked structure, they have no real meaning",
                {
                    "@id": "http://example.com/node-in-free-floating-list",
                    "property": "everything inside a free-floating list is removed with the list; also nodes with properties"
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.com/node",
        "http://example.com/property": [
            {
                "@value": "nodes with properties are not removed"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0048: Terms are ignored in @id

Values of @id are not expanded as terms

{
  "@context": {
    "term": "http://example.com/terms-are-not-considered-in-id",
    "compact-iris": "http://example.com/compact-iris-",
    "property": "http://example.com/property",
    "@vocab": "http://example.org/vocab-is-not-considered-for-id"
  },
  "@id": "term",
  "property": [
    {
      "@id": "compact-iris:are-considered",
      "property": "@id supports the following values: relative, absolute, and compact IRIs"
    },
    {
      "@id": "../parent-node",
      "property": "relative IRIs get resolved against the document's base IRI"
    }
  ]
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/term",
    "http://example.com/property": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.com/compact-iris-are-considered",
        "http://example.com/property": [
          { "@value": "@id supports the following values: relative, absolute, and compact IRIs" }
        ]
      },
      {
        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/parent-node",
        "http://example.com/property": [
          { "@value": "relative IRIs get resolved against the document's base IRI" }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0049: String values of reverse properties

String values of a reverse property with @type: @id are treated as IRIs

{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows", "@type": "@id" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "isKnownBy": [
    "http://example.com/people/dave",
    "http://example.com/people/gregg"
  ]
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave"
        },
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/gregg"
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
Test 0050: Term definitions with prefix separate from prefix definitions

Term definitions using compact IRIs don't inherit the definitions of the prefix

{
  "@context": {
    "issue": { "@id": "http://example.com/issue/", "@type": "@id" },
    "issue:raisedBy": { "@container": "@set" }
  },
  "issue": "/issue/1",
  "issue:raisedBy": "Markus"
}
[
  {
    "http://example.com/issue/": [ { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/issue/1" } ],
    "http://example.com/issue/raisedBy": [ { "@value": "Markus" } ]
  }
]
Test 0051: Expansion of keyword aliases in term definitions

Expanding terms which are keyword aliases

{
  "@context": [
    { "id": "@id" },
    { "url": "id" }
  ],
  "url": "/issue/1",
  "http://example.com/property": "ok"
}
[{
   "http://example.com/property": [{
      "@value": "ok"
   }],
   "@id": "http://json-ld.org/issue/1"
}]
Test 0052: @vocab-relative IRIs in term definitions

If @vocab is defined, term definitions are expanded relative to @vocab

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.org/",
    "property": "vocabRelativeProperty"
  },
  "property": "must expand to http://example.org/vocabRelativeProperty",
  "http://example.org/property": "ok"
}
[
  {
    "http://example.org/property": [ { "@value": "ok" } ],
    "http://example.org/vocabRelativeProperty": [ { "@value": "must expand to http://example.org/vocabRelativeProperty" } ]
  }
]
Test 0053: Expand absolute IRI with @type: @vocab

Expanding values of properties of @type: @vocab does not further expand absolute IRIs

{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab"}
  },
  "term": "http://example.org/enum"
}
[{
  "http://example.org/term": [{"@id": "http://example.org/enum"}]
}]
Test 0054: Expand term with @type: @vocab

Expanding values of properties of @type: @vocab does not expand term values

{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab"},
    "enum": {"@id": "http://example.org/enum"}
  },
  "term": "enum"
}
[{
  "http://example.org/term": [{"@id": "http://example.org/enum"}]
}]
Test 0055: Expand @vocab-relative term with @type: @vocab

Expanding values of properties of @type: @vocab expands relative IRIs using @vocab

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.org/",
    "term": {"@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab"}
  },
  "term": "enum"
}
[{
  "http://example.org/term": [{"@id": "http://example.org/enum"}]
}]
Test 0056: Use terms with @type: @vocab but not with @type: @id

Checks that expansion uses appropriate base depending on term definition having @type @id or @vocab

{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "homepage": { "@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage", "@type": "@vocab" },
    "link": { "@id": "http://example.com/link", "@type": "@id" },
    "MarkusHomepage": "http://www.markus-lanthaler.com/",
    "relative-iri": "http://example.com/error-if-this-is-used-for-link"
  },
  "@id": "http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "homepage": "MarkusHomepage",
  "link": "relative-iri"
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage": [ { "@id": "http://www.markus-lanthaler.com/" } ],
    "http://example.com/link": [ {  "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relative-iri" } ],
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
Test 0057: Expand relative IRI with @type: @vocab

Relative values of terms with @type: @vocab expand relative to @vocab

{
  "@context": {
    "term": { "@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab" }
  },
  "term": "not-a-term-thus-a-relative-IRI"
}
[
  {
    "http://example.org/term": [ { "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/not-a-term-thus-a-relative-IRI" } ]
  }
]
Test 0058: Expand compact IRI with @type: @vocab

Compact IRIs are expanded normally even if term has @type: @vocab

{
  "@context": {
    "term": { "@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab" },
    "prefix": "http://example.com/vocab#"
  },
  "term": "prefix:suffix"
}
[
  {
    "http://example.org/term": [ { "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#suffix" } ]
  }
]
Test 0059: Reset @vocab by setting it to null

Setting @vocab to null removes a previous definition

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.org/vocab#"
  },
  "@id": "example-with-vocab",
  "@type": "vocab-prefixed",
  "property": "property expanded using @vocab",
  "embed": {
    "@context": {
      "@vocab": null
    },
    "@id": "example-vocab-reset",
    "@type": "document-relative",
    "property": "@vocab reset, property will be dropped"
  }
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/example-with-vocab",
    "@type": [ "http://example.org/vocab#vocab-prefixed" ],
    "http://example.org/vocab#embed": [
      {
        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/example-vocab-reset",
        "@type": [ "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/document-relative" ]
      }
    ],
    "http://example.org/vocab#property": [ { "@value": "property expanded using @vocab" } ]
  }
]
Test 0060: Overwrite document base with @base and reset it again

Setting @base to an IRI and then resetting it to nil

{
  "@context": {
    "property": "http://example.com/vocab#property"
  },
  "@id": "../document-relative",
  "@type": "#document-relative",
  "property": {
    "@context": {
      "@base": "http://example.org/test/"
    },
    "@id": "../document-base-overwritten",
    "@type": "#document-base-overwritten",
    "property": [
      {
        "@context": null,
        "@id": "../document-relative",
        "@type": "#document-relative",
        "property": "context completely reset, drops property"
      },
      {
        "@context": {
          "@base": null
        },
        "@id": "../document-relative",
        "@type": "#document-relative",
        "property": "only @base is cleared"
      }
    ]
  }
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/document-relative",
    "@type": [ "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/expand-0060-in.jsonld#document-relative" ],
    "http://example.com/vocab#property": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/document-base-overwritten",
        "@type": [ "http://example.org/test/#document-base-overwritten" ],
        "http://example.com/vocab#property": [
          {
            "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/document-relative",
            "@type": [ "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/expand-0060-in.jsonld#document-relative" ]
          },
          {
            "@id": "../document-relative",
            "@type": [ "#document-relative" ],
            "http://example.com/vocab#property": [ { "@value": "only @base is cleared" } ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0061: Coercing native types to arbitrary datatypes

Expanding native types when coercing to arbitrary datatypes

{
  "@context": {
    "property": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/property",
      "@type": "http://example.com/datatype"
    }
  },
  "property": [ 1, true, false, 5.1 ]
}
[
  {
    "http://example.com/property": [
      { "@value": 1, "@type": "http://example.com/datatype" },
      { "@value": true, "@type": "http://example.com/datatype" },
      { "@value": false, "@type": "http://example.com/datatype" },
      { "@value": 5.1, "@type": "http://example.com/datatype" }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0062: Various relative IRIs with with @base

Pathological relative IRIs

{
  "@context": {
    "@base": "http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/file#with-a-fragment",
    "links": { "@id": "http://www.example.com/link", "@type": "@id", "@container": "@list" }
  },
  "@id": "relativeIris",
  "@type": [
    "link",
    "#fragment-works",
    "?query=works",
    "./",
    "../",
    "../parent",
    "../../parent-parent-eq-root",
    "../../../../../still-root",
    "../.././.././../../too-many-dots",
    "/absolute",
    "//example.org/scheme-relative"
  ],
  "links": [
    "link",
    "#fragment-works",
    "?query=works",
    "./",
    "../",
    "../parent",
    "../../parent-parent-eq-root",
    "./../../../../../still-root",
    "../.././.././../../too-many-dots",
    "/absolute",
    "//example.org/scheme-relative",
    "//example.org/../scheme-relative",
    "//example.org/.././useless/../../scheme-relative"
  ]
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/relativeIris",
    "@type": [
        "http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/link",
        "http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/file#fragment-works",
        "http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/file?query=works",
        "http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/",
        "http://example.com/some/deep/directory/",
        "http://example.com/some/deep/directory/parent",
        "http://example.com/some/deep/parent-parent-eq-root",
        "http://example.com/still-root",
        "http://example.com/too-many-dots",
        "http://example.com/absolute",
        "http://example.org/scheme-relative"
    ],
    "http://www.example.com/link": [ {
      "@list": [
        { "@id": "http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/link" },
        { "@id": "http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/file#fragment-works" },
        { "@id": "http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/file?query=works" },
        { "@id": "http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/" },
        { "@id": "http://example.com/some/deep/directory/" },
        { "@id": "http://example.com/some/deep/directory/parent" },
        { "@id": "http://example.com/some/deep/parent-parent-eq-root" },
        { "@id": "http://example.com/still-root" },
        { "@id": "http://example.com/too-many-dots" },
        { "@id": "http://example.com/absolute" },
        { "@id": "http://example.org/scheme-relative" },
        { "@id": "http://example.org/scheme-relative" },
        { "@id": "http://example.org/scheme-relative" }
      ]
    } ]
  }
]
Test 0063: Reverse property and index container

Expaning reverse properties with an index-container

{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows", "@container": "@index" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "isKnownBy": {
    "Dave": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    },
    "Gregg": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/gregg",
      "name": "Gregg Kellogg"
    }
  }
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
          "@index": "Dave",
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Dave Longley" } ]
        },
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/gregg",
          "@index": "Gregg",
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Gregg Kellogg" } ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
Test 0064: bnode values of reverse properties

Expand reverse property whose values are unlabeled blank nodes

{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "isKnownBy": [
    {
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gregg Kellogg"
    }
  ]
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Dave Longley" } ]
        },
        {
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Gregg Kellogg" } ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
Test 0065: Drop unmapped keys in reverse map

Keys that are not mapped to an IRI in a reverse-map are dropped

{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "knows": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "@reverse": {
    "knows": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    },
    "relative-iri": {
      "@id": "relative-node",
      "name": "Keys that are not mapped to an IRI in a reverse-map are dropped"
    }
  }
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Dave Longley" } ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
Test 0066: Reverse-map keys with @vocab

Expand uses @vocab to expand keys in reverse-maps

{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "knows": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows",
    "@vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "@reverse": {
    "knows": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    },
    "noTerm": {
      "@id": "relative-node",
      "name": "Compact keys using @vocab"
    }
  }
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Dave Longley" } ]
        }
      ],
      "http://example.com/vocab/noTerm": [
        {
          "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relative-node",
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Compact keys using @vocab" } ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
Test 0067: prefix://suffix not a compact IRI

prefix:suffix values are not interpreted as compact IRIs if suffix begins with two slashes

{
  "@context": {
    "http": "http://example.com/this-prefix-would-overwrite-all-http-iris"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/node1",
  "@type": "http://example.org/type",
  "http://example.org/property": "all these IRIs remain unchanged because they are interpreted as absolute IRIs"
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/node1",
    "@type": ["http://example.org/type"],
    "http://example.org/property": [
      { "@value": "all these IRIs remain unchanged because they are interpreted as absolute IRIs" }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0068: _:suffix values are not a compact IRI

prefix:suffix values are not interpreted as compact IRIs if prefix is an underscore

{
  "@context": {
    "_": "http://example.com/this-prefix-would-overwrite-all-blank-node-identifiers"
  },
  "@id": "_:node1",
  "@type": "_:type",
  "_:property": "all these IRIs remain unchanged because they are interpreted as blank node identifiers"
}
[
  {
    "@id": "_:node1",
    "@type": [ "_:type" ],
    "_:property": [
      { "@value": "all these IRIs remain unchanged because they are interpreted as blank node identifiers" }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0069: Compact IRI as term with type mapping

Redefine compact IRI to define type mapping using the compact IRI itself as value of @id

{
  "@context": {
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
    "rdfs:subClassOf": { "@id": "rdfs:subClassOf", "@type": "@id" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#class",
  "@type": "rdfs:Class",
  "rdfs:subClassOf": "http://example.com/vocab#someOtherClass"
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#class",
    "@type": [ "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class" ],
    "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf": [
      { "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#someOtherClass"}
    ]
  }
]
Test 0070: Compact IRI as term defined using equivalent compact IRI

Redefine compact IRI to define type mapping using the compact IRI itself as string value

{
  "@context": {
    "prefix": "http://www.example.org/vocab#",
    "prefix:foo": "prefix:foo"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#id",
  "@type": "prefix:Class",
  "prefix:foo": "bar"
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#id",
    "@type": [ "http://www.example.org/vocab#Class" ],
    "http://www.example.org/vocab#foo": [
      { "@value": "bar"}
    ]
  }
]
Test 0071: Redefine terms looking like compact IRIs

Term definitions may look like compact IRIs

{
  "@context": [
    {
      "v": "http://example.com/vocab#",
      "v:term": "v:somethingElse",
      "v:termId": { "@id": "v:somethingElseId" }
    },
    {
      "v:term": "v:term",
      "v:termId": { "@id": "v:termId" }
    }
  ],
  "v:term": "value of v:term",
  "v:termId": "value of v:termId"
}
[
  {
    "http://example.com/vocab#term": [
      { "@value": "value of v:term" }
    ],
    "http://example.com/vocab#termId": [
      { "@value": "value of v:termId" }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0072: Redefine term using @vocab, not itself

Redefining a term as itself when @vocab is defined uses @vocab, not previous term definition

{
  "@context": [
    {
      "v": "http://example.com/vocab#",
      "term": "v:somethingElse"
    },
    {
      "@vocab": "http://example.com/anotherVocab#",
      "term": "term"
    }
  ],
  "term": "value of term"
}
[
  {
    "http://example.com/anotherVocab#term": [
      { "@value": "value of term" }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0073: @context not first property

Objects are unordered, so serialized node definition containing @context may have @context at the end of the node definition

{
  "@id": "ex:node1",
  "owl:sameAs": {
    "@id": "ex:node2",
    "rdfs:label": "Node 2",
    "link": "ex:node3",
    "@context": {
      "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
    }
  },
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/",
    "owl": "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#",
    "link": { "@id": "ex:link", "@type": "@id" }
  }
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/node1",
    "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/node2",
        "http://example.org/link": [
          { "@id": "http://example.org/node3" }
        ],
        "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [ { "@value": "Node 2" } ]
      }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0074: @id not first property

Objects are unordered, so serialized node definition containing @id may have @id at the end of the node definition

{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/",
    "owl": "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#",
    "link": {
      "@id": "ex:link",
      "@type": "@id"
    }
  },
  "owl:sameAs": {
    "@context": {
      "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
    },
    "rdfs:label": "Node 2",
    "link": "ex:node3",
    "@id": "ex:node2"
  },
  "@id": "ex:node1"
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/node1",
    "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/node2",
        "http://example.org/link": [
          { "@id": "http://example.org/node3" }
        ],
        "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [ { "@value": "Node 2" } ]
      }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0075: @vocab as blank node identifier

Use @vocab to map all properties to blank node identifiers

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "_:"
  },
  "@id": "ex:node1",
  "b1": "blank node property 1",
  "b2": "blank node property 1"
}
[
  {
    "@id": "ex:node1",
    "_:b1": [ { "@value": "blank node property 1" } ],
    "_:b2": [ { "@value": "blank node property 1" } ]
  }
]
Test 0076: base option overrides document location

Use of the base option overrides the document location

{
  "@id": "relative-iri",
  "http://prop": "value"
}
[{
  "@id": "http://example/base/relative-iri",
  "http://prop": [{"@value": "value"}]
}]
Test 0077: expandContext option

Use of the expandContext option to expand the input document

{
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "@type": "t1",
  "term1": "v1",
  "term2": {"@value": "v2", "@type": "t2"},
  "term3": {"@value": "v3", "@language": "en"},
  "term4": 4,
  "term5": [50, 51]
}
[{
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "@type": ["http://example.com/t1"],
  "http://example.com/term1": [{"@value": "v1"}],
  "http://example.com/term2": [{"@value": "v2", "@type": "http://example.com/t2"}],
  "http://example.com/term3": [{"@value": "v3", "@language": "en"}],
  "http://example.com/term4": [{"@value": 4}],
  "http://example.com/term5": [{"@value": 50}, {"@value": 51}]
}]
Test 0001: drop free-floating nodes

Flattening drops unreferenced nodes having only @id

{"@id": "http://example.org/test#example"}
[ ]
Test 0002: basic

Flattening terms with different types of values

{
  "@context": {
    "t1": "http://example.com/t1",
    "t2": "http://example.com/t2",
    "term1": "http://example.com/term1",
    "term2": "http://example.com/term2",
    "term3": "http://example.com/term3",
    "term4": "http://example.com/term4",
    "term5": "http://example.com/term5"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "@type": "t1",
  "term1": "v1",
  "term2": {"@value": "v2", "@type": "t2"},
  "term3": {"@value": "v3", "@language": "en"},
  "term4": 4,
  "term5": [50, 51]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
        "@type": [
            "http://example.com/t1"
        ],
        "http://example.com/term1": [
            {
                "@value": "v1"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/term2": [
            {
                "@type": "http://example.com/t2",
                "@value": "v2"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/term3": [
            {
                "@language": "en",
                "@value": "v3"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/term4": [
            {
                "@value": 4
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/term5": [
            {
                "@value": 50
            },
            {
                "@value": 51
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0003: drop null and unmapped properties

Verifies that null values and unmapped properties are removed from expanded output

{
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "http://example.org/property": null,
  "regularJson": {
    "nonJsonLd": "property",
    "deep": [{
      "foo": "bar"
    }, {
      "bar": "foo"
    }]
  }
}
[ ]
Test 0004: optimize @set, keep empty arrays

Uses of @set are removed in expansion; values of @set, or just plain values which are empty arrays are retained

{
  "@context": {
    "mylist1": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist1", "@container": "@list"},
    "mylist2": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist2", "@container": "@list"},
    "myset2": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset2", "@container": "@set"},
    "myset3": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset3", "@container": "@set"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "mylist1": { "@list": [ ] },
  "mylist2": "one item",
  "myset2": { "@set": [ ] },
  "myset3": [ "v1" ],
  "http://example.org/list1": { "@list": [ null ] },
  "http://example.org/list2": { "@list": [ {"@value": null} ] },
  "http://example.org/set1": { "@set": [ ] },
  "http://example.org/set1": { "@set": [ null ] },
  "http://example.org/set3": [ ],
  "http://example.org/set4": [ null ],
  "http://example.org/set5": "one item",
  "http://example.org/property": { "@list": "one item" }
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/id",
        "http://example.com/mylist1": [
            {
                "@list": [

                ]
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/mylist2": [
            {
                "@list": [
                    {
                        "@value": "one item"
                    }
                ]
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/myset2": [

        ],
        "http://example.com/myset3": [
            {
                "@value": "v1"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/list1": [
            {
                "@list": [

                ]
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/list2": [
            {
                "@list": [

                ]
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/property": [
            {
                "@list": [
                    {
                        "@value": "one item"
                    }
                ]
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/set1": [

        ],
        "http://example.org/set3": [

        ],
        "http://example.org/set4": [

        ],
        "http://example.org/set5": [
            {
                "@value": "one item"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0005: do not expand aliased @id/@type

If a keyword is aliased, it is not used when flattening

{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "homepage": {
      "@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "know": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows",
    "@iri": "@id"
  },
  "@id": "#me",
  "know": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com/bob#me",
      "name": "Bob",
      "homepage": "http://example.com/bob"
    }, {
      "@id": "http://example.com/alice#me",
      "name": "Alice",
      "homepage": "http://example.com/alice"
    }
  ]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.com/alice#me",
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.com/alice"
            }
        ],
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
            {
                "@value": "Alice"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.com/bob#me",
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.com/bob"
            }
        ],
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
            {
                "@value": "Bob"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/flatten-0005-in.jsonld#me",
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.com/bob#me"
            },
            {
                "@id": "http://example.com/alice#me"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0006: alias keywords

Aliased keywords expand in resulting document

{
  "@context": {
    "http://example.org/test#property1": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "http://example.org/test#property2": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "uri": "@id"
  },
  "http://example.org/test#property1": {
    "http://example.org/test#property4": "foo",
    "uri": "http://example.org/test#example2"
  },
  "http://example.org/test#property2": "http://example.org/test#example3",
  "http://example.org/test#property3": {
    "uri": "http://example.org/test#example4"
  },
  "uri": "http://example.org/test#example1"
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1",
        "http://example.org/test#property1": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#example2"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/test#property2": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#example3"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/test#property3": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#example4"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#example2",
        "http://example.org/test#property4": [
            {
                "@value": "foo"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0007: date type-coercion

Expand strings to expanded value with @type: xsd:dateTime

{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "ex:date": {
      "@type": "xsd:dateTime"
    },
    "ex:parent": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1",
  "ex:date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z",
  "ex:embed": {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#example2",
    "ex:parent": "http://example.org/test#example1"
  }
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1",
        "http://example.org/vocab#date": [
            {
                "@value": "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z",
                "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/vocab#embed": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#example2"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#example2",
        "http://example.org/vocab#parent": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0008: @value with @language

Keep expanded values with @language, drop non-conforming value objects containing just @language

{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test",
  "ex:test": { "@value": "test",  "@language": "en" },
  "ex:drop-lang-only": { "@language": "en" },
  "ex:keep-full-value": { "@value": "only value" }
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test",
        "http://example.org/vocab#keep-full-value": [
            {
                "@value": "only value"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/vocab#test": [
            {
                "@language": "en",
                "@value": "test"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0009: @graph with terms

Use of @graph to contain multiple nodes within array

{
  "@context": {
    "authored": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#authored",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contains": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#contains",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contributor": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor",
    "description": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description",
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "title": {
      "@id": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title"
    }
  },
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "description": "Fun",
      "title": "Chapter One"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
      "authored": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "name": "Jane"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
      "name": "John"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
      "contains": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
        "contributor": "Writer",
        "title": "My Book"
      }
    }
  ]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
            }
        ],
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor": [
            {
                "@value": "Writer"
            }
        ],
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [
            {
                "@value": "My Book"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description": [
            {
                "@value": "Fun"
            }
        ],
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [
            {
                "@value": "Chapter One"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
        "http://example.org/vocab#authored": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
            }
        ],
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
            {
                "@value": "Jane"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
            {
                "@value": "John"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
        "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#book"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0010: native types

Flattening native scalar retains native scalar within expanded value

{
  "@context": {
    "d": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/",
    "e": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "f": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/",
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test",
  "e:bool": true,
  "e:int": 123
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test",
        "http://example.org/vocab#bool": [
            {
                "@value": true
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/vocab#int": [
            {
                "@value": 123
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0011: coerced @id

A value of a property with @type: @id coercion expands to a node reference

{
  "@context": {
    "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/",
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "ex:contains": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
  "dc:title": "Title",
  "ex:contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
            }
        ],
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [
            {
                "@value": "Title"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0012: @graph with embed

Flattening objects containing chained objects flattens all objects

{
  "@context": {
    "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/",
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "ex:authored": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "ex:contains": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/",
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
  },
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "dc:description": "Fun",
      "dc:title": "Chapter One"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
      "ex:authored": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "foaf:name": "Jane"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
      "foaf:name": "John"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
      "ex:contains": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "dc:contributor": "Writer",
        "dc:title": "My Book",
        "ex:contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
      }
    }
  ]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
            }
        ],
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor": [
            {
                "@value": "Writer"
            }
        ],
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [
            {
                "@value": "My Book"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description": [
            {
                "@value": "Fun"
            }
        ],
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [
            {
                "@value": "Chapter One"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
        "http://example.org/vocab#authored": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
            }
        ],
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
            {
                "@value": "Jane"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
            {
                "@value": "John"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
        "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#book"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0013: flatten already expanded

Flattening an expanded/flattened document maintains input document

[{
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "@type": ["http://example.com/t1"],
  "http://example.com/term1": ["v1"],
  "http://example.com/term2": [{"@value": "v2", "@type": "http://example.com/t2"}],
  "http://example.com/term3": [{"@value": "v3", "@language": "en"}],
  "http://example.com/term4": [4],
  "http://example.com/term5": [50, 51]
}]
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
        "@type": [
            "http://example.com/t1"
        ],
        "http://example.com/term1": [
            {
                "@value": "v1"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/term2": [
            {
                "@type": "http://example.com/t2",
                "@value": "v2"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/term3": [
            {
                "@language": "en",
                "@value": "v3"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/term4": [
            {
                "@value": 4
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/term5": [
            {
                "@value": 50
            },
            {
                "@value": 51
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0014: @set of @value objects with keyword aliases

Flattening aliased @set and @value

{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/test#",
    "property1": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#property1",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "property2": {
      "@id": "ex:property2",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "uri": "@id",
    "set": "@set",
    "value": "@value",
    "type": "@type",
    "xsd": { "@id": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" }
  },
  "property1": {
    "uri": "ex:example2",
    "http://example.org/test#property4": "foo"
  },
  "property2": "http://example.org/test#example3",
  "http://example.org/test#property3": {
    "uri": "http://example.org/test#example4"
  },
  "ex:property4": {
    "uri": "ex:example4",
    "ex:property5": [
      {
        "set": [
          {
          "value": "2012-03-31",
          "type": "xsd:date"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "ex:property6": [
    {
      "set": [
        {
        "value": null,
        "type": "xsd:date"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "uri": "http://example.org/test#example1"
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1",
        "http://example.org/test#property1": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#example2"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/test#property2": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#example3"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/test#property3": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#example4"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/test#property4": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#example4"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/test#property6": [

        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#example2",
        "http://example.org/test#property4": [
            {
                "@value": "foo"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#example4",
        "http://example.org/test#property5": [
            {
                "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date",
                "@value": "2012-03-31"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0015: collapse set of sets, keep empty lists

An array of multiple @set nodes are collapsed into a single array

{
  "@context": {
    "mylist1": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist1", "@container": "@list"},
    "mylist2": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist2", "@container": "@list"},
    "myset1": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset1", "@container": "@set" },
    "myset2": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset2", "@container": "@set" },
    "myset3": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset3", "@container": "@set" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "mylist1": [],
  "myset1": { "@set": [] },
  "myset2": [ { "@set": [] }, [], { "@set": [ null ] }, [ null ] ],
  "myset3": [ { "@set": [ "hello", "this" ] }, "will", { "@set": [ "be", "collapsed" ] } ]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/id",
        "http://example.com/mylist1": [
            {
                "@list": [

                ]
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/myset1": [

        ],
        "http://example.com/myset2": [

        ],
        "http://example.com/myset3": [
            {
                "@value": "hello"
            },
            {
                "@value": "this"
            },
            {
                "@value": "will"
            },
            {
                "@value": "be"
            },
            {
                "@value": "collapsed"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0016: context reset

Setting @context to null within an embedded object resets back to initial context state

{
  "@context": {
    "myproperty": { "@id": "http://example.com/myproperty" },
    "mylist1": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist1", "@container": "@list"},
    "mylist2": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist2", "@container": "@list"},
    "myset1": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset1", "@container": "@set" },
    "myset2": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset2", "@container": "@set" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/id1",
  "mylist1": [],
  "mylist2": [ 2, "hi" ],
  "myset1": { "@set": [] },
  "myset2": [ { "@set": [] }, [], { "@set": [ null ] }, [ null ] ],
  "myproperty": {
    "@context": null,
    "@id": "http://example.org/id2",
    "mylist1": [],
    "mylist2": [ 2, "hi" ],
    "myset1": { "@set": [] },
    "myset2": [ { "@set": [] }, [], { "@set": [ null ] }, [ null ] ],
    "http://example.org/myproperty2": "ok"
  },
  "http://example.com/emptyobj": {
    "@context": null,
    "mylist1": [],
    "mylist2": [ 2, "hi" ],
    "myset1": { "@set": [] },
    "myset2": [ { "@set": [] }, [], { "@set": [ null ] }, [ null ] ]
  }
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/id1",
        "http://example.com/emptyobj": [
            {
                "@id": "_:b0"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/mylist1": [
            {
                "@list": [

                ]
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/mylist2": [
            {
                "@list": [
                    {
                        "@value": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "@value": "hi"
                    }
                ]
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/myproperty": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/id2"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/myset1": [

        ],
        "http://example.com/myset2": [

        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/id2",
        "http://example.org/myproperty2": [
            {
                "@value": "ok"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0017: @graph and @id aliased

Flattening with @graph and @id aliases

{
  "@context": {
    "authored": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#authored",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contains": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#contains",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contributor": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor",
    "description": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description",
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "title": {
      "@id": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title"
    },
    "id": "@id",
    "data": "@graph"
  },
  "data": [
    {
      "id": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "description": "Fun",
      "title": "Chapter One"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
      "authored": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "name": "Jane"
    },
    {
      "id": "http://example.org/test#john",
      "name": "John"
    },
    {
      "id": "http://example.org/test#library",
      "contains": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
        "contributor": "Writer",
        "title": "My Book"
      }
    }
  ]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
            }
        ],
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor": [
            {
                "@value": "Writer"
            }
        ],
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [
            {
                "@value": "My Book"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description": [
            {
                "@value": "Fun"
            }
        ],
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [
            {
                "@value": "Chapter One"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
        "http://example.org/vocab#authored": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
            }
        ],
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
            {
                "@value": "Jane"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
            {
                "@value": "John"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
        "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#book"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0018: override default @language

override default @language in terms; only language-tag strings

{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "@language": "en",
    "de": { "@id": "ex:german", "@language": "de" },
    "nolang": { "@id": "ex:nolang", "@language": null }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test",
  "ex:test-default": [
    "hello",
    1,
    true
  ],
  "de": [
    "hallo",
    2,
    true
  ],
  "nolang": [
    "no language",
    3,
    false
  ]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test",
        "http://example.org/vocab#german": [
            {
                "@value": "hallo",
                "@language": "de"
            },
            {
                "@value": 2
            },
            {
                "@value": true
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/vocab#nolang": [
            {
                "@value": "no language"
            },
            {
                "@value": 3
            },
            {
                "@value": false
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/vocab#test-default": [
            {
                "@value": "hello",
                "@language": "en"
            },
            {
                "@value": 1
            },
            {
                "@value": true
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0019: remove @value = null

Flattening a value of null removes the value

{
  "@context": {
    "myproperty": "http://example.com/myproperty"
  },
  "myproperty": { "@value" : null }
}
[ ]
Test 0020: do not remove @graph if not at top-level

@graph used under a node is retained

{
  "@context": {
    "authored": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#authored",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contains": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#contains",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contributor": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor",
    "description": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description",
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "title": {
      "@id": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title"
    }
  },
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
      "name": "Jane",
      "authored": {
        "@graph": [
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter1",
            "description": "Fun",
            "title": "Chapter One"
          },
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter2",
            "description": "More fun",
            "title": "Chapter Two"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
      "name": "John"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
      "contains": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
        "contributor": "Writer",
        "title": "My Book"
      }
    }
  ]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "_:b0",
        "@graph": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter1",
                "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description": [
                    {
                        "@value": "Fun"
                    }
                ],
                "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [
                    {
                        "@value": "Chapter One"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter2",
                "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description": [
                    {
                        "@value": "More fun"
                    }
                ],
                "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [
                    {
                        "@value": "Chapter Two"
                    }
                ]
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
            }
        ],
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor": [
            {
                "@value": "Writer"
            }
        ],
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [
            {
                "@value": "My Book"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
        "http://example.org/vocab#authored": [
            {
                "@id": "_:b0"
            }
        ],
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
            {
                "@value": "Jane"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
            {
                "@value": "John"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
        "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#book"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0021: do not remove @graph at top-level if not only property

@graph used at the top level is retained if there are other properties

{
  "@context": {
    "authored": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#authored",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contains": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#contains",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contributor": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor",
    "description": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description",
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "title": {
      "@id": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title"
    }
  },
  "title": "My first graph",
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
      "name": "Jane",
      "authored": {
        "@graph": [
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter1",
            "description": "Fun",
            "title": "Chapter One"
          },
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter2",
            "description": "More fun",
            "title": "Chapter Two"
          },
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter3",
            "title": "Chapter Three"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
      "name": "John"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
      "contains": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
        "contributor": "Writer",
        "title": "My Book"
      }
    }
  ]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "_:b0",
        "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [
            {
                "@value": "My first graph"
            }
        ],
        "@graph": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
                "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [
                    {
                        "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
                    }
                ],
                "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor": [
                    {
                        "@value": "Writer"
                    }
                ],
                "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [
                    {
                        "@value": "My Book"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
                "http://example.org/vocab#authored": [
                    {
                        "@id": "_:b1"
                    }
                ],
                "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
                    {
                        "@value": "Jane"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
                "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
                    {
                        "@value": "John"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
                "http://example.org/vocab#contains": [
                    {
                        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book"
                    }
                ]
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "_:b1",
        "@graph": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter1",
                "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description": [
                    {
                        "@value": "Fun"
                    }
                ],
                "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [
                    {
                        "@value": "Chapter One"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter2",
                "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description": [
                    {
                        "@value": "More fun"
                    }
                ],
                "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [
                    {
                        "@value": "Chapter Two"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter3",
                "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title": [
                    {
                        "@value": "Chapter Three"
                    }
                ]
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0022: flatten value with default language

Flattening with a default language applies that language to string values

{
  "@context": {
    "term": "http://example.com/term",
    "@language": "en"
  },
  "term": "v"
}
[
    {
        "@id": "_:b0",
        "http://example.com/term": [
            {
                "@value": "v",
                "@language": "en"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0023: Flattening list/set with coercion

Flattening lists and sets with properties having coercion coerces list/set values

{
  "@context": {
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#",
    "idlist": {"@id": "http://example.com/idlist", "@container": "@list", "@type": "@id"},
    "datelist": {"@id": "http://example.com/datelist", "@container": "@list", "@type": "xsd:date"},
    "idset": {"@id": "http://example.com/idset", "@container": "@set", "@type": "@id"},
    "dateset": {"@id": "http://example.com/dateset", "@container": "@set", "@type": "xsd:date"},
    "idprop": {"@id": "http://example.com/idprop", "@type": "@id" },
    "dateprop": {"@id": "http://example.com/dateprop", "@type": "xsd:date" },
    "idprop2": {"@id": "http://example.com/idprop2", "@type": "@id" },
    "dateprop2": {"@id": "http://example.com/dateprop2", "@type": "xsd:date" }
  },
  "idlist": ["http://example.org/id"],
  "datelist": ["2012-04-12"],
  "idprop": {"@list": ["http://example.org/id"]},
  "dateprop": {"@list": ["2012-04-12"]},
  "idset": ["http://example.org/id"],
  "dateset": ["2012-04-12"],
  "idprop2": {"@set": ["http://example.org/id"]},
  "dateprop2": {"@set": ["2012-04-12"]}
}
[
    {
        "@id": "_:b0",
        "http://example.com/datelist": [
            {
                "@list": [
                    {
                        "@value": "2012-04-12",
                        "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date"
                    }
                ]
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/dateprop": [
            {
                "@list": [
                    {
                        "@value": "2012-04-12",
                        "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date"
                    }
                ]
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/dateprop2": [
            {
                "@value": "2012-04-12",
                "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/dateset": [
            {
                "@value": "2012-04-12",
                "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/idlist": [
            {
                "@list": [
                    {
                        "@id": "http://example.org/id"
                    }
                ]
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/idprop": [
            {
                "@list": [
                    {
                        "@id": "http://example.org/id"
                    }
                ]
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/idprop2": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/id"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/idset": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/id"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0024: Multiple contexts

Tests that contexts in an array are merged

{
  "@context": [
    {
      "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
      "homepage": {"@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage","@type": "@id"}
    },
    {"ical": "http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/ical#"}
  ],
  "@id": "http://example.com/speakers#Alice",
  "name": "Alice",
  "homepage": "http://xkcd.com/177/",
  "ical:summary": "Alice Talk",
  "ical:location": "Lyon Convention Centre, Lyon, France"
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.com/speakers#Alice",
        "http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/ical#location": [
            {
                "@value": "Lyon Convention Centre, Lyon, France"
            }
        ],
        "http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/ical#summary": [
            {
                "@value": "Alice Talk"
            }
        ],
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage": [
            {
                "@id": "http://xkcd.com/177/"
            }
        ],
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
            {
                "@value": "Alice"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0025: Problematic IRI flattening tests

Flattening different kinds of terms and Compact IRIs

{
  "@context": {
    "foo": "http://example.com/foo/",
    "foo:bar": "http://example.com/bar",
    "bar": {"@id": "foo:bar", "@type": "@id"},
    "_": "http://example.com/underscore/"
  },
  "@type": ["foo", "foo:bar", "_"]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "_:b0",
        "@type": [
            "http://example.com/foo/",
            "http://example.com/bar",
            "http://example.com/underscore/"
        ]
    }
]
Test 0026: Term definition with @id: @type

Flattening term mapping to @type uses @type syntax

{
  "@context": {
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type": {"@id": "@type", "@type": "@id"}
  },
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com/a",
      "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type": "http://example.com/b"
    }, {
      "@id": "http://example.com/c",
      "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type": [
        "http://example.com/d",
        "http://example.com/e"
      ]
    }, {
      "@id": "http://example.com/f",
      "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type": "http://example.com/g"
    }
  ]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.com/a",
        "@type": [
            "http://example.com/b"
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.com/c",
        "@type": [
            "http://example.com/d",
            "http://example.com/e"
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.com/f",
        "@type": [
            "http://example.com/g"
        ]
    }
]
Test 0027: Duplicate values in @list and @set

Duplicate values in @list and @set are not merged

{
  "@context": {
    "mylist": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist", "@container": "@list"},
    "myset": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset", "@container": "@set"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "mylist": [1, 2, 2, 3],
  "myset": [1, 2, 2, 3]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/id",
        "http://example.com/mylist": [
            {
                "@list": [
                    {
                        "@value": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "@value": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "@value": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "@value": 3
                    }
                ]
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/myset": [
            {
                "@value": 1
            },
            {
                "@value": 2
            },
            {
                "@value": 3
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0028: Use @vocab in properties and @type but not in @id

@vocab is used to compact properties and @type, but is not used for @id

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "date": { "@type": "dateTime" }
  },
  "@id": "example1",
  "@type": "test",
  "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z",
  "embed": {
    "@id": "example2",
    "expandedDate": { "@value": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z", "@type": "dateTime" }
  }
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/example1",
        "@type": [
            "http://example.org/vocab#test"
        ],
        "http://example.org/vocab#date": [
            {
                "@value": "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z",
                "@type": "http://example.org/vocab#dateTime"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/vocab#embed": [
            {
                "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/example2"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/example2",
        "http://example.org/vocab#expandedDate": [
            {
                "@type": "http://example.org/vocab#dateTime",
                "@value": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0029: Relative IRIs

@base is used to compact @id; test with different relative IRIs

{
  "@context": {
    "links": { "@id": "http://www.example.com/link", "@type": "@id", "@container": "@list" }
  },
  "@id": "relativeIris",
  "@type": [
    "link",
    "#fragment-works",
    "?query=works",
    "./",
    "../",
    "../parent",
    "../../parent-parent-eq-root",
    "../../../../../still-root",
    "../.././.././../../too-many-dots",
    "/absolute",
    "//example.org/scheme-relative"
  ],
  "links": [
    "link",
    "#fragment-works",
    "?query=works",
    "./",
    "../",
    "../parent",
    "../../parent-parent-eq-root",
    "./../../../useless/../../../still-root",
    "../.././.././../../too-many-dots",
    "/absolute",
    "//example.org/scheme-relative"
  ]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIris",
        "@type": [
            "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/link",
            "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/flatten-0029-in.jsonld#fragment-works",
            "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/flatten-0029-in.jsonld?query=works",
            "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/",
            "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/",
            "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/parent",
            "http://json-ld.org/parent-parent-eq-root",
            "http://json-ld.org/still-root",
            "http://json-ld.org/too-many-dots",
            "http://json-ld.org/absolute",
            "http://example.org/scheme-relative"
        ],
        "http://www.example.com/link": [
            {
                "@list": [
                    {
                        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/link"
                    },
                    {
                        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/flatten-0029-in.jsonld#fragment-works"
                    },
                    {
                        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/flatten-0029-in.jsonld?query=works"
                    },
                    {
                        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/"
                    },
                    {
                        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/"
                    },
                    {
                        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/parent"
                    },
                    {
                        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/parent-parent-eq-root"
                    },
                    {
                        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/still-root"
                    },
                    {
                        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/too-many-dots"
                    },
                    {
                        "@id": "http://json-ld.org/absolute"
                    },
                    {
                        "@id": "http://example.org/scheme-relative"
                    }
                ]
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0030: Language maps

Language Maps expand values to include @language

{
  "@context": {
    "vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/",
    "label": {
      "@id": "vocab:label",
      "@container": "@language"
    }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
  "label": {
    "en": "The Queen",
    "de": [ "Die Königin", "Ihre Majestät" ]
  }
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
        "http://example.com/vocab/label": [
            {
                "@value": "Die Königin",
                "@language": "de"
            },
            {
                "@value": "Ihre Majestät",
                "@language": "de"
            },
            {
                "@value": "The Queen",
                "@language": "en"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0031: type-coercion of native types

Flattening native types with type coercion adds the coerced type to an expanded value representation and retains the native value representation

{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#",
    "ex:integer": { "@type": "xsd:integer" },
    "ex:double": { "@type": "xsd:double" },
    "ex:boolean": { "@type": "xsd:boolean" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1",
  "ex:integer": 1,
  "ex:double": 123.45,
  "ex:boolean": true
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1",
        "http://example.org/vocab#boolean": [
            {
                "@value": true,
                "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/vocab#double": [
            {
                "@value": 123.45,
                "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.org/vocab#integer": [
            {
                "@value": 1,
                "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0032: Null term and @vocab

Mapping a term to null decouples it from @vocab

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/",
    "from": null,
    "university": { "@id": null }
  },
  "@id": "http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "from": "Italy",
  "university": "TU Graz"
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/",
        "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
            {
                "@value": "Markus Lanthaler"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0033: Using @vocab with with type-coercion

Verifies that terms can be defined using @vocab

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.com/vocab#",
    "homepage": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "created_at": {
      "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date"
    }
  },
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "homepage": "http://www.markus-lanthaler.com/",
  "created_at": "2012-10-28"
}
[
    {
        "@id": "_:b0",
        "http://example.com/vocab#created_at": [
            {
                "@value": "2012-10-28",
                "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/vocab#homepage": [
            {
                "@id": "http://www.markus-lanthaler.com/"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/vocab#name": [
            {
                "@value": "Markus Lanthaler"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0034: Multiple properties expanding to the same IRI

Verifies multiple values from separate terms are deterministically made multiple values of the IRI associated with the terms

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/",
    "colliding": "http://example.com/vocab/collidingTerm"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/IriCollissions",
  "colliding": [
    "value 1",
    2
  ],
  "collidingTerm": [
    3,
    "four"
  ],
  "http://example.com/vocab/collidingTerm": 5
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.com/IriCollissions",
        "http://example.com/vocab/collidingTerm": [
            {
                "@value": "value 1"
            },
            {
                "@value": 2
            },
            {
                "@value": 3
            },
            {
                "@value": "four"
            },
            {
                "@value": 5
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0035: Language maps with @vocab, default language, and colliding property

Pathological tests of language maps

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/",
    "@language": "it",
    "label": {
      "@container": "@language"
    }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
  "label": {
    "en": "The Queen",
    "de": [ "Die Königin", "Ihre Majestät" ]
  },
  "http://example.com/vocab/label": [
    "Il re",
    { "@value": "The king", "@language": "en" }
  ]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
        "http://example.com/vocab/label": [
            {
                "@value": "Il re",
                "@language": "it"
            },
            {
                "@language": "en",
                "@value": "The king"
            },
            {
                "@value": "Die Königin",
                "@language": "de"
            },
            {
                "@value": "Ihre Majestät",
                "@language": "de"
            },
            {
                "@value": "The Queen",
                "@language": "en"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0036: Flattening @index

Flattening index maps for terms defined with @container: @index

{
  "@context": {
    "property": "http://example.com/property",
    "indexContainer": { "@id": "http://example.com/container", "@container": "@index" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/indexTest",
  "indexContainer": {
    "A": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexA"
      },
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexA",
        "@index": "this overrides the 'A' index from the container"
      },
      1,
      true,
      false,
      null,
      "simple string A",
      {
        "@value": "typed literal A",
        "@type": "http://example.org/type"
      },
      {
        "@value": "language-tagged string A",
        "@language": "en"
      }
    ],
    "B": "simple string B",
    "C": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexC"
      },
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexC",
        "@index": "this overrides the 'C' index from the container"
      },
      3,
      true,
      false,
      null,
      "simple string C",
      {
        "@value": "typed literal C",
        "@type": "http://example.org/type"
      },
      {
        "@value": "language-tagged string C",
        "@language": "en"
      }
    ]
  },
  "property": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexProp"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexProp",
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": 3,
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": true,
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": false,
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": null,
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    "simple string no index",
    {
      "@value": "typed literal Prop",
      "@type": "http://example.org/type",
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": "language-tagged string Prop",
      "@language": "en",
      "@index": "prop"
    }
  ]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/indexTest",
        "http://example.com/container": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexA"
            },
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexA"
            },
            {
                "@value": 1,
                "@index": "A"
            },
            {
                "@value": true,
                "@index": "A"
            },
            {
                "@value": false,
                "@index": "A"
            },
            {
                "@value": "simple string A",
                "@index": "A"
            },
            {
                "@type": "http://example.org/type",
                "@value": "typed literal A",
                "@index": "A"
            },
            {
                "@language": "en",
                "@value": "language-tagged string A",
                "@index": "A"
            },
            {
                "@value": "simple string B",
                "@index": "B"
            },
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexC"
            },
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexC"
            },
            {
                "@value": 3,
                "@index": "C"
            },
            {
                "@value": true,
                "@index": "C"
            },
            {
                "@value": false,
                "@index": "C"
            },
            {
                "@value": "simple string C",
                "@index": "C"
            },
            {
                "@type": "http://example.org/type",
                "@value": "typed literal C",
                "@index": "C"
            },
            {
                "@language": "en",
                "@value": "language-tagged string C",
                "@index": "C"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/property": [
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexProp"
            },
            {
                "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexProp"
            },
            {
                "@index": "prop",
                "@value": 3
            },
            {
                "@index": "prop",
                "@value": true
            },
            {
                "@index": "prop",
                "@value": false
            },
            {
                "@value": "simple string no index"
            },
            {
                "@index": "prop",
                "@type": "http://example.org/type",
                "@value": "typed literal Prop"
            },
            {
                "@index": "prop",
                "@language": "en",
                "@value": "language-tagged string Prop"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexA",
        "@index": "this overrides the 'A' index from the container"
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexC",
        "@index": "this overrides the 'C' index from the container"
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexProp",
        "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexA",
        "@index": "A"
    },
    {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexC",
        "@index": "C"
    }
]
Test 0037: Flattening reverse properties

Flattening @reverse keeps @reverse

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave"
        },
        {
          "@id": "http://example.com/people/gregg"
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [ { "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus" } ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/gregg",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [ { "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus" } ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
Test 0038: Flattening blank node labels

Blank nodes are not relabeled during expansion

{
  "@context": {
    "term": "_:term",
    "termId": { "@id": "term", "@type": "@id" }
  },
  "@id": "_:term",
  "@type": "_:term",
  "term": [
    {
      "@id": "_:term",
      "@type": "term"
    },
    {
      "@id": "_:Bx",
      "term": "term"
    },
    "plain value",
    {
      "@id": "_:term"
    }
  ],
  "termId": [
    {
      "@id": "_:term",
      "@type": "term"
    },
    {
      "@id": "_:Cx",
      "term": "termId"
    },
    "term:AppendedToBlankNode",
    "_:termAppendedToBlankNode",
    "relativeIri",
    {
      "@id": "_:term"
    }
  ]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "_:b0",
        "@type": [
            "_:b0"
        ],
        "_:b0": [
            {
                "@id": "_:b0"
            },
            {
                "@id": "_:b1"
            },
            {
                "@value": "plain value"
            },
            {
                "@id": "_:b2"
            },
            {
                "@id": "_:b3"
            },
            {
                "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIri"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "_:b1",
        "_:b0": [
            {
                "@value": "term"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "@id": "_:b2",
        "_:b0": [
            {
                "@value": "termId"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0039: Using terms in a reverse-maps

Terms within @reverse are expanded

[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "@reverse": {
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [
        {
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": "Dave Longley"
        },
        {
          "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": "Gregg Kellogg"
        }
      ]
    },
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
[
  {
    "@id": "_:b0",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Dave Longley" } ],
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [ { "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus" } ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "_:b1",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Gregg Kellogg" } ],
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": [ { "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus" } ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "@value": "Markus Lanthaler" } ]
  }
]
Test 0040: language and index expansion on non-objects

Only invoke language and index map expansion if the value is a JSON object

{
  "@context": {
    "vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/",
    "label": {
      "@id": "vocab:label",
      "@container": "@language"
    },
    "indexes": {
      "@id": "vocab:index",
      "@container": "@index"
    }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
  "label": [
    "The Queen"
  ],
  "indexes":
  [
    "No",
    "indexes",
    { "@id": "asTheValueIsntAnObject" }
  ]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
        "http://example.com/vocab/index": [
            {
                "@value": "No"
            },
            {
                "@value": "indexes"
            },
            {
                "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/asTheValueIsntAnObject"
            }
        ],
        "http://example.com/vocab/label": [
            {
                "@value": "The Queen"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0041: Free-floating sets and lists

Free-floating values in sets are removed, free-floating lists are removed completely

{
    "@context": {
        "property": "http://example.com/property"
    },
    "@graph": [
        {
            "@set": [
                "free-floating strings in set objects are removed",
                {
                    "@id": "http://example.com/free-floating-node"
                },
                {
                    "@id": "http://example.com/node",
                    "property": "nodes with properties are not removed"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "@list": [
                "lists are removed even though they represent an invisible linked structure, they have no real meaning"
            ]
        }
    ]
}
[
    {
        "@id": "http://example.com/node",
        "http://example.com/property": [
            {
                "@value": "nodes with properties are not removed"
            }
        ]
    }
]
Test 0042: List objects not equivalent

Lists objects are implicit unlabeled blank nodes and thus never equivalent

{
  "@context": {
    "test": "http://example.com/list"
  },
  "@id": "list-equivalence-test",
  "test": [
    { "@list": [ "1", "2" ] },
    { "@list": [ "1", "2" ] }
  ]
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/list-equivalence-test",
    "http://example.com/list": [
      {
        "@list": [ { "@value": "1" }, { "@value": "2" } ]
      },
      {
        "@list": [ { "@value": "1" }, { "@value": "2" } ]
      }
    ]
  }
]
Test 0043: Sample test manifest extract

Flatten a test manifest

{
  "@id": "",
  "http://example/sequence": {"@list": [
    {
      "@id": "#t0001",
      "http://example/name": "Keywords cannot be aliased to other keywords",
      "http://example/input": {"@id": "error-expand-0001-in.jsonld"}
    }
  ]}
}
[
  {
    "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/flatten-0043-in.jsonld",
    "http://example/sequence": [
      {"@list": [{"@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/flatten-0043-in.jsonld#t0001"}]}
    ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/flatten-0043-in.jsonld#t0001",
    "http://example/input": [
      {"@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/error-expand-0001-in.jsonld"}
    ],
    "http://example/name": [
      {"@value": "Keywords cannot be aliased to other keywords"}
    ]
  }
]
Test 0044: compactArrays option

Setting compactArrays to false causes single element arrays to be retained

[{
  "@id": "http://example/foo",
  "http://example/term": [{"@value": "value"}]
}]
{
  "@context": {
    "term": "http://example/term"
  },
  "@graph": [{
    "@id": "http://example/foo",
    "term": ["value"]
  }]
}
Test 0045: Blank nodes with reverse properties

Proper (re-)labeling of blank nodes if used with reverse properties.

{
  "@context": {
    "foo": "http://example.org/foo",
    "bar": { "@reverse": "http://example.org/bar", "@type": "@id" }
  },
  "foo": "Foo",
  "bar": [ "http://example.org/origin", "_:b0" ]
}
[
  {
    "@id": "_:b0",
    "http://example.org/foo": [ { "@value": "Foo" } ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "_:b1",
    "http://example.org/bar": [ { "@id": "_:b0" } ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.org/origin",
    "http://example.org/bar": [ { "@id": "_:b0" } ]
  }
]
Test 0001: load JSON-LD document

Document loader loads a JSON-LD document.

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example/vocab#"
  },
  "@id": "",
  "term": "object"
}
[{
  "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/remote-doc-0001-in.jsonld",
  "http://example/vocab#term": [{"@value": "object"}]
}]
Test 0002: load JSON document

Document loader loads a JSON document.

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example/vocab#"
  },
  "@id": "",
  "term": "object"
}
[{
  "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/remote-doc-0002-in.json",
  "http://example/vocab#term": [{"@value": "object"}]
}]
Test 0003: load JSON document with extension-type

Document loader loads a JSON document having an extension mime-subtype.

{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example/vocab#"
  },
  "@id": "",
  "term": "object"
}
[{
  "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/remote-doc-0003-in.jldt",
  "http://example/vocab#term": [{"@value": "object"}]
}]
Test 0004: loading an unknown type raises loading document failed

Loading a document with a non-JSON mime type raises loading document failed


            
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/loading document failed not loaded

          

          

            Test 0005:
            Load JSON-LD through 301 redirect
          

          

            
Loading a document with a redirect should use the redirected URL as document base

            
{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example/vocab#"
  },
  "@id": "",
  "term": "object"
}

            
[{
  "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/remote-doc-0001-in.jsonld",
  "http://example/vocab#term": [{"@value": "object"}]
}]

          

          

            Test 0006:
            Load JSON-LD through 303 redirect
          

          

            
Loading a document with a redirect should use the redirected URL as document base

            
{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example/vocab#"
  },
  "@id": "",
  "term": "object"
}

            
[{
  "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/remote-doc-0001-in.jsonld",
  "http://example/vocab#term": [{"@value": "object"}]
}]

          

          

            Test 0007:
            Load JSON-LD through 307 redirect
          

          

            
Loading a document with a redirect should use the redirected URL as document base

            
{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example/vocab#"
  },
  "@id": "",
  "term": "object"
}

            
[{
  "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/remote-doc-0001-in.jsonld",
  "http://example/vocab#term": [{"@value": "object"}]
}]

          

          

            Test 0008:
            Non-existant file (404)
          

          

            
Loading a non-existant file raises loading document failed error

            
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/remote-doc-0008-in.jsonld not loaded

            
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/loading document failed not loaded

          

          

            Test 0009:
            load JSON-LD document with link
          

          

            
If a context is specified in a link header, it is not used for JSON-LD.

            
[{
  "@id": "",
  "http://example/0009/term": "value1",
  "term": "value2"
}]

            
[{
  "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/remote-doc-0009-in.jsonld",
  "http://example/0009/term": [{"@value": "value1"}]
}]

          

          

            Test 0010:
            load JSON document with link
          

          

            
If a context is specified in a link header, it is used for JSON.

            
[{
  "@id": "",
  "term": "value"
}]

            
[{
  "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/remote-doc-0010-in.json",
  "http://example/vocab#term": [{"@value": "value"}]
}]

          

          

            Test 0011:
            load JSON document with extension-type with link
          

          

            
If a context is specified in a link header, it is used for a JSON extension type.

            
[{
  "@id": "",
  "term": "value"
}]

            
[{
  "@id": "http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/remote-doc-0011-in.jldt",
  "http://example/vocab#term": [{"@value": "value"}]
}]

          

          

            Test 0012:
            Multiple context link headers
          

          

            
Loading a file when multiple link headers are returned is an error

            
[{
  "@id": "",
  "term": "value"
}]

            
http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/multiple context link headers not loaded

          

        

        

          

            Test 0001:
            Plain literal with URIs
          

          

            
Tests generation of a triple using full URIs and a plain literal.

            
{
  "@id": "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
  "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": "Gregg Kellogg"
}

            
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Gregg Kellogg" .

          

          

            Test 0002:
            Plain literal with CURIE from default context
          

          

            
Tests generation of a triple using a CURIE defined in the default context.

            
{
  "@context": {"foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"},
  "@id": "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
  "foaf:name": "Gregg Kellogg"
}

            
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Gregg Kellogg" .

          

          

            Test 0003:
            Default subject is BNode
          

          

            
Tests that a BNode is created if no explicit subject is set.

            
{
  "@context": {"foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"},
  "@type": "foaf:Person"
}

            
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> .

          

          

            Test 0004:
            Literal with language tag
          

          

            
Tests that a plain literal is created with a language tag.

            
{
  "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": {
    "@value": "A plain literal with a lang tag.",
    "@language": "en-us"
  }
}

            
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "A plain literal with a lang tag."@en-us .

          

          

            Test 0005:
            Extended character set literal
          

          

            
Tests that a literal may be created using extended characters.

            
{
  "@id": "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
  "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": {
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": {"@value": "Herman Iván", "@language": "hu"}
  }
}

            
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> _:b0 .
_:b0 <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Herman Iván"@hu .

          

          

            Test 0006:
            Typed literal
          

          

            
Tests creation of a literal with a datatype.

            
{
  "@id":  "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
  "http://purl.org/dc/terms/created":  {
    "@value": "1957-02-27",
    "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date"
  }
}

            
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/created> "1957-02-27"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date> .

          

          

            Test 0007:
            Tests 'a' generates rdf:type and object is implicit IRI
          

          

            
Verify that 'a' is an alias for rdf:type, and the object is created as an IRI.

            
{
  "@id": "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
  "@type": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person"
}

            
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> .

          

          

            Test 0008:
            Test prefix defined in @context
          

          

            
Generate an IRI using a prefix defined within an @context.

            
{
  "@context": {"d": "http://example.com/default#"},
  "d:foo": "bar"
}

            
_:b0 <http://example.com/default#foo> "bar" .

          

          

            Test 0009:
            Test using an empty suffix
          

          

            
An empty suffix may be used.

            
{
  "@context": {"foo": "http://example.com/default#"},
  "foo:": "bar"
}

            
_:b0 <http://example.com/default#> "bar" .

          

          

            Test 0010:
            Test object processing defines object
          

          

            
A property referencing an associative array gets object from subject of array.

            
{
  "@context": {"foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"},
  "@id": "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
  "foaf:knows": {
    "@id": "http://manu.sporny.org/#me",
    "foaf:name": "Manu Sporny"
  }
}

            
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://manu.sporny.org/#me> .
<http://manu.sporny.org/#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Manu Sporny" .

          

          

            Test 0011:
            Test object processing defines object with implicit BNode
          

          

            
If no @ is specified, a BNode is created, and will be used as the object of an enclosing property.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
  },
  "@id": "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
  "foaf:knows": {
    "foaf:name": "Dave Longley"
  }
}

            
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> _:b0 .
_:b0 <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Dave Longley" .

          

          

            Test 0012:
            Multiple Objects for a Single Property
          

          

            
Tests that Multiple Objects are for a Single Property using array syntax.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
  },
  "@id": "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
  "foaf:knows": ["Manu Sporny", "Dave Longley"]
}

            
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> "Dave Longley" .
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> "Manu Sporny" .

          

          

            Test 0013:
            Creation of an empty list
          

          

            
Tests that @list: [] generates an empty list.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
  },
  "@id": "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
  "foaf:knows": {"@list": []}
}

            
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .

          

          

            Test 0014:
            Creation of a list with single element
          

          

            
Tests that @list generates a list.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
  },
  "@id": "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
  "foaf:knows": {"@list": ["Manu Sporny"]}
}

            
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> _:b0 .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "Manu Sporny" .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .

          

          

            Test 0015:
            Creation of a list with multiple elements
          

          

            
Tests that list with multiple elements.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
  },
  "@id": "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
  "foaf:knows": {"@list": ["Manu Sporny", "Dave Longley"]}
}

            
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> _:b0 .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "Manu Sporny" .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b1 .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "Dave Longley" .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .

          

          

            Test 0016:
            Empty IRI expands to resource location
          

          

            
Expanding an empty IRI uses the test file location.

            
{
  "@id": "",
  "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource"
}

            
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/toRdf-0016-in.jsonld> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource> .

          

          

            Test 0017:
            Relative IRI expands relative resource location
          

          

            
Expanding a relative IRI uses the test file location.

            
{
  "@id": "a/b",
  "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource"
}

            
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/a/b> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource> .

          

          

            Test 0018:
            Frag ID expands relative resource location
          

          

            
Expanding a fragment uses the test file location.

            
{
  "@id": "#frag",
  "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource"
}

            
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/toRdf-0018-in.jsonld#frag> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource> .

          

          

            Test 0019:
            Test type coercion to anyURI
          

          

            
Tests coercion of object to anyURI when specified.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/",
    "knows": {"@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows", "@type": "@id"}
  },
  "@id":    "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
  "knows":  "http://manu.sporny.org/#me"
}

            
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://manu.sporny.org/#me> .

          

          

            Test 0020:
            Test type coercion to typed literal
          

          

            
Tests coercion of object to a typed literal when specified.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#",
    "created": {"@id": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/created", "@type": "xsd:date"}
  },
  "@id":  "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
  "created":  "1957-02-27"
}

            
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/created> "1957-02-27"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date> .

          

          

            Test 0022:
            Test coercion of double value
          

          

            
Tests that a decimal value generates a xsd:double typed literal;.

            
{
  "@context": { "measure": "http://example/measure#"},
  "measure:cups": 5.3
}

            
_:b0 <http://example/measure#cups> "5.3E0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .

          

          

            Test 0023:
            Test coercion of integer value
          

          

            
Tests that a decimal value generates a xsd:integer typed literal.

            
{
  "@context": { "chem": "http://example/chem#"},
  "chem:protons": 12
}

            
_:b0 <http://example/chem#protons> "12"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .

          

          

            Test 0024:
            Test coercion of boolean value
          

          

            
Tests that a decimal value generates a xsd:boolean typed literal.

            
{
  "@context": { "sensor": "http://example/sensor#"},
  "sensor:active": true
}

            
_:b0 <http://example/sensor#active> "true"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean> .

          

          

            Test 0025:
            Test list coercion with single element
          

          

            
Tests that an array with a single element on a property with @list coercion creates an RDF Collection.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "knows": {"@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows", "@container": "@list"}
  },
  "@id": "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
  "knows": ["Manu Sporny"]
}

            
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> _:b0 .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "Manu Sporny" .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .

          

          

            Test 0026:
            Test creation of multiple types
          

          

            
Tests that @type with an array of types creates multiple types.

            
{
  "@context": {"rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"},
  "@type": ["rdfs:Resource", "rdfs:Class"]
}

            
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource> .

          

          

            Test 0027:
            Simple named graph (Wikidata)
          

          

            
Using @graph with other keys places triples in a named graph.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "ex": "http://example.org/",
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#",
    "ex:locatedIn": {"@type": "@id"},
    "ex:hasPopulaton": {"@type": "xsd:integer"},
    "ex:hasReference": {"@type": "@id"}
  },
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/ParisFact1",
      "@type": "rdf:Graph",
      "@graph": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/location/Paris#this",
        "ex:locatedIn": "http://example.org/location/France#this"
      },
      "ex:hasReference": ["http://www.britannica.com/", "http://www.wikipedia.org/", "http://www.brockhaus.de/"]
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/ParisFact2",
      "@type": "rdf:Graph",
      "@graph": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/location/Paris#this",
        "ex:hasPopulation": 7000000
      },
      "ex:hasReference": "http://www.wikipedia.org/"
    }
  ]
}

            
<http://example.org/ParisFact1> <http://example.org/hasReference> <http://www.britannica.com/> .
<http://example.org/ParisFact1> <http://example.org/hasReference> <http://www.brockhaus.de/> .
<http://example.org/ParisFact1> <http://example.org/hasReference> <http://www.wikipedia.org/> .
<http://example.org/ParisFact1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Graph> .
<http://example.org/ParisFact2> <http://example.org/hasReference> <http://www.wikipedia.org/> .
<http://example.org/ParisFact2> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Graph> .
<http://example.org/location/Paris#this> <http://example.org/hasPopulation> "7000000"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> <http://example.org/ParisFact2> .
<http://example.org/location/Paris#this> <http://example.org/locatedIn> <http://example.org/location/France#this> <http://example.org/ParisFact1> .

          

          

            Test 0028:
            Simple named graph
          

          

            
Signing a graph.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "sec": "http://purl.org/security#",
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#",
    "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
    "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/",
    "sec:signer": {"@type": "@id"},
    "dc:created": {"@type": "xsd:dateTime"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/sig1",
  "@type": ["rdf:Graph", "sec:SignedGraph"],
  "dc:created": "2011-09-23T20:21:34Z",
  "sec:signer": "http://payswarm.example.com/i/john/keys/5",
  "sec:signatureValue": "OGQzNGVkMzVm4NTIyZTkZDYMmMzQzNmExMgoYzI43Q3ODIyOWM32NjI=",
  "@graph": {
    "@id": "http://example.org/fact1",
    "dc:title": "Hello World!"
  }
}

            
<http://example.org/fact1> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/title> "Hello World!" <http://example.org/sig1> .
<http://example.org/sig1> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/created> "2011-09-23T20:21:34Z"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime> .
<http://example.org/sig1> <http://purl.org/security#signatureValue> "OGQzNGVkMzVm4NTIyZTkZDYMmMzQzNmExMgoYzI43Q3ODIyOWM32NjI=" .
<http://example.org/sig1> <http://purl.org/security#signer> <http://payswarm.example.com/i/john/keys/5> .
<http://example.org/sig1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://purl.org/security#SignedGraph> .
<http://example.org/sig1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Graph> .

          

          

            Test 0029:
            named graph with embedded named graph
          

          

            
Tests that named graphs containing named graphs flatten to single level of graph naming.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "wd": "http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#",
    "ws": "http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/",
    "wp": "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
  },
  "@id": "ws:Assertions",
  "@type": "wd:SnakSet",
  "@graph": {
    "@id": "ws:BerlinFact",
    "@type": "wd:Snak",
    "@graph": {
      "@id": "wp:Berlin",
      "wd:population": 3499879
    },
    "wd:assertedBy": "http://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/"
  }
}

            
<http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/Assertions> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#SnakSet> .
<http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/BerlinFact> <http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#assertedBy> "http://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/" <http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/Assertions> .
<http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/BerlinFact> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#Snak> <http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/Assertions> .
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin> <http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#population> "3499879"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> <http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/BerlinFact> .

          

          

            Test 0030:
            top-level graph with string subject reference
          

          

            
Tests graphs containing subject references as strings.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#",
    "knows": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows",
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "asOf": "http://example.org/asOf"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/linked-data-graph",
  "asOf": {"@value": "2012-04-09", "@type": "xsd:date"},
  "@graph":
  [
    {
      "@id": "http://manu.sporny.org/i/public",
      "@type": "foaf:Person",
      "name": "Manu Sporny",
      "knows": "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me",
      "@type": "foaf:Person",
      "name": "Gregg Kellogg",
      "knows": "http://manu.sporny.org/i/public"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://www.markus-lanthaler.com/"
    }
  ]
}

            
<http://example.org/linked-data-graph> <http://example.org/asOf> "2012-04-09"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date> .
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <foaf:Person> <http://example.org/linked-data-graph> .
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> "http://manu.sporny.org/i/public" <http://example.org/linked-data-graph> .
<http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Gregg Kellogg" <http://example.org/linked-data-graph> .
<http://manu.sporny.org/i/public> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <foaf:Person> <http://example.org/linked-data-graph> .
<http://manu.sporny.org/i/public> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> "http://greggkellogg.net/foaf#me" <http://example.org/linked-data-graph> .
<http://manu.sporny.org/i/public> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Manu Sporny" <http://example.org/linked-data-graph> .

          

          

            Test 0031:
            Reverse property
          

          

            
Tests conversion of reverse properties.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
    "defines": { "@reverse": "rdfs:definedBy" },
    "label": "rdfs:label"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/vocab",
  "label": "My vocabulary",
  "defines": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#property",
      "label": "A property"
    }
  ]
}

            
<http://example.com/vocab#property> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#definedBy> <http://example.com/vocab> .
<http://example.com/vocab#property> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "A property" .
<http://example.com/vocab> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "My vocabulary" .

          

          

            Test 0032:
            @context reordering
          

          

            
Tests that generated triples do not depend on order of @context.

            
{
  "@id": "ex:node1",
  "owl:sameAs": {
    "@id": "ex:node2",
    "rdfs:label": "Node 2",
    "link": "ex:node3",
    "@context": {
      "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
    }
  },
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/",
    "owl": "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#",
    "link": { "@id": "ex:link", "@type": "@id" }
  }
}

            
<http://example.org/node1> <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs> <http://example.org/node2> .
<http://example.org/node2> <http://example.org/link> <http://example.org/node3> .
<http://example.org/node2> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Node 2" .

          

          

            Test 0033:
            @id reordering
          

          

            
Tests that generated triples do not depend on order of @id.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/",
    "owl": "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#",
    "link": {
      "@id": "ex:link",
      "@type": "@id"
    }
  },
  "owl:sameAs": {
    "@context": {
      "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
    },
    "rdfs:label": "Node 2",
    "link": "ex:node3",
    "@id": "ex:node2"
  },
  "@id": "ex:node1"
}

            
<http://example.org/node1> <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs> <http://example.org/node2> .
<http://example.org/node2> <http://example.org/link> <http://example.org/node3> .
<http://example.org/node2> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Node 2" .

          

          

            Test 0034:
            context properties reordering
          

          

            
Tests that generated triples do not depend on order of properties inside @context.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "link": { "@id": "ex:link", "@type": "@id" },
    "ex": "http://example.org/",
    "owl": "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
  },
  "@id": "ex:node1",
  "owl:sameAs": {
    "@context": {
      "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
    },
    "@id": "ex:node2",
    "rdfs:label": "Node 2",
    "link": "ex:node3"
  }
}

            
<http://example.org/node1> <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs> <http://example.org/node2> .
<http://example.org/node2> <http://example.org/link> <http://example.org/node3> .
<http://example.org/node2> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Node 2" .

          

          

            Test 0035:
            non-fractional numbers converted to xsd:double
          

          

            
xsd:double's canonical lexical is used when converting numbers without fraction that are coerced to xsd:double

            
{
  "@context": {
    "double": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/double",
      "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double"
    },
    "integer": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/integer",
      "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer"
    }
  },
  "double": [1, 2.2 ],
  "integer": [8, 9.9 ]
}

            
_:b0 <http://example.com/double> "1.0E0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .
_:b0 <http://example.com/double> "2.2E0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .
_:b0 <http://example.com/integer> "8"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
_:b0 <http://example.com/integer> "9.9E0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .

          

          

            Test 0036:
            Use nodeMapGeneration bnode labels
          

          

            
The toRDF algorithm does not relabel blank nodes; it reuses the counter from the nodeMapGeneration to generate new ones

            
{
  "@id": "http://example.com/",
  "ex:prop1": {
    "@list": [ { "@id": "_:x1" }, { "@id": "_:x2" } ]
  },
  "ex:prop2": { "@id": "_:x3" }
}

            
<http://example.com/> <ex:prop1> _:b3 .
<http://example.com/> <ex:prop2> _:b2 .
_:b3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> _:b0 .
_:b3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b4 .
_:b4 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> _:b1 .
_:b4 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .

          

          

            Test 0041:
            drop free-floating nodes
          

          

            
Free-floating nodes do not generate RDF triples

            
{"@id": "http://example.org/test#example"}

            

          

          

            Test 0042:
            basic
          

          

            
Basic RDF conversion

            
{
  "@context": {
    "t1": "http://example.com/t1",
    "t2": "http://example.com/t2",
    "term1": "http://example.com/term1",
    "term2": "http://example.com/term2",
    "term3": "http://example.com/term3",
    "term4": "http://example.com/term4",
    "term5": "http://example.com/term5"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "@type": "t1",
  "term1": "v1",
  "term2": {"@value": "v2", "@type": "t2"},
  "term3": {"@value": "v3", "@language": "en"},
  "term4": 4,
  "term5": [50, 51]
}

            
<http://example.com/id1> <http://example.com/term1> "v1" .
<http://example.com/id1> <http://example.com/term2> "v2"^^<http://example.com/t2> .
<http://example.com/id1> <http://example.com/term3> "v3"@en .
<http://example.com/id1> <http://example.com/term4> "4"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.com/id1> <http://example.com/term5> "50"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.com/id1> <http://example.com/term5> "51"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.com/id1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/t1> .

          

          

            Test 0043:
            drop null and unmapped properties
          

          

            
Properties mapped to null or which are never mapped are dropped

            
{
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "http://example.org/property": null,
  "regularJson": {
    "nonJsonLd": "property",
    "deep": [{
      "foo": "bar"
    }, {
      "bar": "foo"
    }]
  }
}

            

          

          

            Test 0044:
            optimize @set, keep empty arrays
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0004

            
{
  "@context": {
    "mylist1": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist1", "@container": "@list"},
    "mylist2": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist2", "@container": "@list"},
    "myset2": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset2", "@container": "@set"},
    "myset3": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset3", "@container": "@set"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "mylist1": { "@list": [ ] },
  "mylist2": "one item",
  "myset2": { "@set": [ ] },
  "myset3": [ "v1" ],
  "http://example.org/list1": { "@list": [ null ] },
  "http://example.org/list2": { "@list": [ {"@value": null} ] },
  "http://example.org/set1": { "@set": [ ] },
  "http://example.org/set1": { "@set": [ null ] },
  "http://example.org/set3": [ ],
  "http://example.org/set4": [ null ],
  "http://example.org/set5": "one item",
  "http://example.org/property": { "@list": "one item" }
}

            
<http://example.org/id> <http://example.com/mylist1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .
<http://example.org/id> <http://example.com/mylist2> _:b0 .
<http://example.org/id> <http://example.com/myset3> "v1" .
<http://example.org/id> <http://example.org/list1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .
<http://example.org/id> <http://example.org/list2> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .
<http://example.org/id> <http://example.org/property> _:b1 .
<http://example.org/id> <http://example.org/set5> "one item" .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "one item" .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "one item" .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .

          

          

            Test 0045:
            do not expand aliased @id/@type
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0005

            
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "homepage": {
      "@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "know": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows",
    "@iri": "@id"
  },
  "@id": "#me",
  "know": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com/bob#me",
      "name": "Bob",
      "homepage": "http://example.com/bob"
    }, {
      "@id": "http://example.com/alice#me",
      "name": "Alice",
      "homepage": "http://example.com/alice"
    }
  ]
}

            
<http://example.com/alice#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage> <http://example.com/alice> .
<http://example.com/alice#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Alice" .
<http://example.com/bob#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage> <http://example.com/bob> .
<http://example.com/bob#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Bob" .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/toRdf-0045-in.jsonld#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://example.com/alice#me> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/toRdf-0045-in.jsonld#me> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://example.com/bob#me> .

          

          

            Test 0046:
            alias keywords
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0006

            
{
  "@context": {
    "http://example.org/test#property1": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "http://example.org/test#property2": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "uri": "@id"
  },
  "http://example.org/test#property1": {
    "http://example.org/test#property4": "foo",
    "uri": "http://example.org/test#example2"
  },
  "http://example.org/test#property2": "http://example.org/test#example3",
  "http://example.org/test#property3": {
    "uri": "http://example.org/test#example4"
  },
  "uri": "http://example.org/test#example1"
}

            
<http://example.org/test#example1> <http://example.org/test#property1> <http://example.org/test#example2> .
<http://example.org/test#example1> <http://example.org/test#property2> <http://example.org/test#example3> .
<http://example.org/test#example1> <http://example.org/test#property3> <http://example.org/test#example4> .
<http://example.org/test#example2> <http://example.org/test#property4> "foo" .

          

          

            Test 0047:
            date type-coercion
          

          

            
Type-coerced dates generate typed literals

            
{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "ex:date": {
      "@type": "xsd:dateTime"
    },
    "ex:parent": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1",
  "ex:date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z",
  "ex:embed": {
    "@id": "http://example.org/test#example2",
    "ex:parent": "http://example.org/test#example1"
  }
}

            
<http://example.org/test#example1> <http://example.org/vocab#date> "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime> .
<http://example.org/test#example1> <http://example.org/vocab#embed> <http://example.org/test#example2> .
<http://example.org/test#example2> <http://example.org/vocab#parent> <http://example.org/test#example1> .

          

          

            Test 0048:
            @value with @language
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0008

            
{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test",
  "ex:test": { "@value": "test",  "@language": "en" },
  "ex:drop-lang-only": { "@language": "en" },
  "ex:keep-full-value": { "@value": "only value" }
}

            
<http://example.org/test> <http://example.org/vocab#keep-full-value> "only value" .
<http://example.org/test> <http://example.org/vocab#test> "test"@en .

          

          

            Test 0049:
            @graph with terms
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0009

            
{
  "@context": {
    "authored": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#authored",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contains": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#contains",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contributor": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor",
    "description": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description",
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "title": {
      "@id": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title"
    }
  },
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "description": "Fun",
      "title": "Chapter One"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
      "authored": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "name": "Jane"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
      "name": "John"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
      "contains": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
        "contributor": "Writer",
        "title": "My Book"
      }
    }
  ]
}

            
<http://example.org/test#book> <http://example.org/vocab#contains> <http://example.org/test#chapter> .
<http://example.org/test#book> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor> "Writer" .
<http://example.org/test#book> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "My Book" .
<http://example.org/test#chapter> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description> "Fun" .
<http://example.org/test#chapter> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "Chapter One" .
<http://example.org/test#jane> <http://example.org/vocab#authored> <http://example.org/test#chapter> .
<http://example.org/test#jane> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Jane" .
<http://example.org/test#john> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "John" .
<http://example.org/test#library> <http://example.org/vocab#contains> <http://example.org/test#book> .

          

          

            Test 0050:
            native types
          

          

            
Native types generate typed literals

            
{
  "@context": {
    "d": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/",
    "e": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "f": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/",
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test",
  "e:bool": true,
  "e:int": 123
}

            
<http://example.org/test> <http://example.org/vocab#bool> "true"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean> .
<http://example.org/test> <http://example.org/vocab#int> "123"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .

          

          

            Test 0051:
            coerced @id
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0011

            
{
  "@context": {
    "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/",
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "ex:contains": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
  "dc:title": "Title",
  "ex:contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
}

            
<http://example.org/test#book> <http://example.org/vocab#contains> <http://example.org/test#chapter> .
<http://example.org/test#book> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "Title" .

          

          

            Test 0052:
            @graph with embed
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0012

            
{
  "@context": {
    "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/",
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "ex:authored": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "ex:contains": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/",
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
  },
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "dc:description": "Fun",
      "dc:title": "Chapter One"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
      "ex:authored": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "foaf:name": "Jane"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
      "foaf:name": "John"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
      "ex:contains": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "dc:contributor": "Writer",
        "dc:title": "My Book",
        "ex:contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter"
      }
    }
  ]
}

            
<http://example.org/test#book> <http://example.org/vocab#contains> <http://example.org/test#chapter> .
<http://example.org/test#book> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor> "Writer" .
<http://example.org/test#book> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "My Book" .
<http://example.org/test#chapter> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description> "Fun" .
<http://example.org/test#chapter> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "Chapter One" .
<http://example.org/test#jane> <http://example.org/vocab#authored> <http://example.org/test#chapter> .
<http://example.org/test#jane> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Jane" .
<http://example.org/test#john> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "John" .
<http://example.org/test#library> <http://example.org/vocab#contains> <http://example.org/test#book> .

          

          

            Test 0053:
            expand already expanded
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0013

            
[{
  "@id": "http://example.com/id1",
  "@type": ["http://example.com/t1"],
  "http://example.com/term1": ["v1"],
  "http://example.com/term2": [{"@value": "v2", "@type": "http://example.com/t2"}],
  "http://example.com/term3": [{"@value": "v3", "@language": "en"}],
  "http://example.com/term4": [4],
  "http://example.com/term5": [50, 51]
}]

            
<http://example.com/id1> <http://example.com/term1> "v1" .
<http://example.com/id1> <http://example.com/term2> "v2"^^<http://example.com/t2> .
<http://example.com/id1> <http://example.com/term3> "v3"@en .
<http://example.com/id1> <http://example.com/term4> "4"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.com/id1> <http://example.com/term5> "50"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.com/id1> <http://example.com/term5> "51"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.com/id1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/t1> .

          

          

            Test 0054:
            @set of @value objects with keyword aliases
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0014

            
{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/test#",
    "property1": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#property1",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "property2": {
      "@id": "ex:property2",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "uri": "@id",
    "set": "@set",
    "value": "@value",
    "type": "@type",
    "xsd": { "@id": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" }
  },
  "property1": {
    "uri": "ex:example2",
    "http://example.org/test#property4": "foo"
  },
  "property2": "http://example.org/test#example3",
  "http://example.org/test#property3": {
    "uri": "http://example.org/test#example4"
  },
  "ex:property4": {
    "uri": "ex:example4",
    "ex:property5": [
      {
        "set": [
          {
          "value": "2012-03-31",
          "type": "xsd:date"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "ex:property6": [
    {
      "set": [
        {
        "value": null,
        "type": "xsd:date"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "uri": "http://example.org/test#example1"
}

            
<http://example.org/test#example1> <http://example.org/test#property1> <http://example.org/test#example2> .
<http://example.org/test#example1> <http://example.org/test#property2> <http://example.org/test#example3> .
<http://example.org/test#example1> <http://example.org/test#property3> <http://example.org/test#example4> .
<http://example.org/test#example1> <http://example.org/test#property4> <http://example.org/test#example4> .
<http://example.org/test#example2> <http://example.org/test#property4> "foo" .
<http://example.org/test#example4> <http://example.org/test#property5> "2012-03-31"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date> .

          

          

            Test 0055:
            collapse set of sets, keep empty lists
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0015

            
{
  "@context": {
    "mylist1": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist1", "@container": "@list"},
    "mylist2": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist2", "@container": "@list"},
    "myset1": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset1", "@container": "@set" },
    "myset2": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset2", "@container": "@set" },
    "myset3": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset3", "@container": "@set" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "mylist1": [],
  "myset1": { "@set": [] },
  "myset2": [ { "@set": [] }, [], { "@set": [ null ] }, [ null ] ],
  "myset3": [ { "@set": [ "hello", "this" ] }, "will", { "@set": [ "be", "collapsed" ] } ]
}

            
<http://example.org/id> <http://example.com/mylist1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .
<http://example.org/id> <http://example.com/myset3> "be" .
<http://example.org/id> <http://example.com/myset3> "collapsed" .
<http://example.org/id> <http://example.com/myset3> "hello" .
<http://example.org/id> <http://example.com/myset3> "this" .
<http://example.org/id> <http://example.com/myset3> "will" .

          

          

            Test 0056:
            context reset
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0016

            
{
  "@context": {
    "myproperty": { "@id": "http://example.com/myproperty" },
    "mylist1": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist1", "@container": "@list"},
    "mylist2": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist2", "@container": "@list"},
    "myset1": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset1", "@container": "@set" },
    "myset2": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset2", "@container": "@set" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/id1",
  "mylist1": [],
  "mylist2": [ 2, "hi" ],
  "myset1": { "@set": [] },
  "myset2": [ { "@set": [] }, [], { "@set": [ null ] }, [ null ] ],
  "myproperty": {
    "@context": null,
    "@id": "http://example.org/id2",
    "mylist1": [],
    "mylist2": [ 2, "hi" ],
    "myset1": { "@set": [] },
    "myset2": [ { "@set": [] }, [], { "@set": [ null ] }, [ null ] ],
    "http://example.org/myproperty2": "ok"
  },
  "http://example.com/emptyobj": {
    "@context": null,
    "mylist1": [],
    "mylist2": [ 2, "hi" ],
    "myset1": { "@set": [] },
    "myset2": [ { "@set": [] }, [], { "@set": [ null ] }, [ null ] ]
  }
}

            
<http://example.org/id1> <http://example.com/emptyobj> _:b0 .
<http://example.org/id1> <http://example.com/mylist1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .
<http://example.org/id1> <http://example.com/mylist2> _:b1 .
<http://example.org/id1> <http://example.com/myproperty> <http://example.org/id2> .
<http://example.org/id2> <http://example.org/myproperty2> "ok" .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "2"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b2 .
_:b2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "hi" .
_:b2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .

          

          

            Test 0057:
            @graph and @id aliased
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0017

            
{
  "@context": {
    "authored": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#authored",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contains": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#contains",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contributor": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor",
    "description": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description",
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "title": {
      "@id": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title"
    },
    "id": "@id",
    "data": "@graph"
  },
  "data": [
    {
      "id": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "description": "Fun",
      "title": "Chapter One"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
      "authored": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
      "name": "Jane"
    },
    {
      "id": "http://example.org/test#john",
      "name": "John"
    },
    {
      "id": "http://example.org/test#library",
      "contains": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
        "contributor": "Writer",
        "title": "My Book"
      }
    }
  ]
}

            
<http://example.org/test#book> <http://example.org/vocab#contains> <http://example.org/test#chapter> .
<http://example.org/test#book> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor> "Writer" .
<http://example.org/test#book> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "My Book" .
<http://example.org/test#chapter> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description> "Fun" .
<http://example.org/test#chapter> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "Chapter One" .
<http://example.org/test#jane> <http://example.org/vocab#authored> <http://example.org/test#chapter> .
<http://example.org/test#jane> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Jane" .
<http://example.org/test#john> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "John" .
<http://example.org/test#library> <http://example.org/vocab#contains> <http://example.org/test#book> .

          

          

            Test 0058:
            override default @language
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0018

            
{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "@language": "en",
    "de": { "@id": "ex:german", "@language": "de" },
    "nolang": { "@id": "ex:nolang", "@language": null }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test",
  "ex:test-default": [
    "hello",
    1,
    true
  ],
  "de": [
    "hallo",
    2,
    true
  ],
  "nolang": [
    "no language",
    3,
    false
  ]
}

            
<http://example.org/test> <http://example.org/vocab#german> "2"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.org/test> <http://example.org/vocab#german> "hallo"@de .
<http://example.org/test> <http://example.org/vocab#german> "true"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean> .
<http://example.org/test> <http://example.org/vocab#nolang> "3"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.org/test> <http://example.org/vocab#nolang> "false"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean> .
<http://example.org/test> <http://example.org/vocab#nolang> "no language" .
<http://example.org/test> <http://example.org/vocab#test-default> "1"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.org/test> <http://example.org/vocab#test-default> "hello"@en .
<http://example.org/test> <http://example.org/vocab#test-default> "true"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean> .

          

          

            Test 0059:
            remove @value = null
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0019

            
{
  "@context": {
    "myproperty": "http://example.com/myproperty"
  },
  "myproperty": { "@value" : null }
}

            

          

          

            Test 0060:
            do not remove @graph if not at top-level
          

          

            
Embedded @graph without @id creates BNode-labeled named graph

            
{
  "@context": {
    "authored": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#authored",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contains": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#contains",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contributor": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor",
    "description": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description",
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "title": {
      "@id": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title"
    }
  },
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
      "name": "Jane",
      "authored": {
        "@graph": [
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter1",
            "description": "Fun",
            "title": "Chapter One"
          },
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter2",
            "description": "More fun",
            "title": "Chapter Two"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
      "name": "John"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
      "contains": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
        "contributor": "Writer",
        "title": "My Book"
      }
    }
  ]
}

            
<http://example.org/test#book> <http://example.org/vocab#contains> <http://example.org/test#chapter> .
<http://example.org/test#book> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor> "Writer" .
<http://example.org/test#book> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "My Book" .
<http://example.org/test#chapter1> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description> "Fun" _:b0 .
<http://example.org/test#chapter1> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "Chapter One" _:b0 .
<http://example.org/test#chapter2> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description> "More fun" _:b0 .
<http://example.org/test#chapter2> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "Chapter Two" _:b0 .
<http://example.org/test#jane> <http://example.org/vocab#authored> _:b0 .
<http://example.org/test#jane> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Jane" .
<http://example.org/test#john> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "John" .
<http://example.org/test#library> <http://example.org/vocab#contains> <http://example.org/test#book> .

          

          

            Test 0061:
            do not remove @graph at top-level if not only property
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0021

            
{
  "@context": {
    "authored": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#authored",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contains": {
      "@id": "http://example.org/vocab#contains",
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "contributor": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor",
    "description": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description",
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "title": {
      "@id": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title"
    }
  },
  "title": "My first graph",
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#jane",
      "name": "Jane",
      "authored": {
        "@graph": [
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter1",
            "description": "Fun",
            "title": "Chapter One"
          },
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter2",
            "description": "More fun",
            "title": "Chapter Two"
          },
          {
            "@id": "http://example.org/test#chapter3",
            "title": "Chapter Three"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#john",
      "name": "John"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/test#library",
      "contains": {
        "@id": "http://example.org/test#book",
        "contains": "http://example.org/test#chapter",
        "contributor": "Writer",
        "title": "My Book"
      }
    }
  ]
}

            
<http://example.org/test#book> <http://example.org/vocab#contains> <http://example.org/test#chapter> _:b0 .
<http://example.org/test#book> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor> "Writer" _:b0 .
<http://example.org/test#book> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "My Book" _:b0 .
<http://example.org/test#chapter1> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description> "Fun" _:b1 .
<http://example.org/test#chapter1> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "Chapter One" _:b1 .
<http://example.org/test#chapter2> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description> "More fun" _:b1 .
<http://example.org/test#chapter2> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "Chapter Two" _:b1 .
<http://example.org/test#chapter3> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "Chapter Three" _:b1 .
<http://example.org/test#jane> <http://example.org/vocab#authored> _:b1 _:b0 .
<http://example.org/test#jane> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Jane" _:b0 .
<http://example.org/test#john> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "John" _:b0 .
<http://example.org/test#library> <http://example.org/vocab#contains> <http://example.org/test#book> _:b0 .
_:b0 <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "My first graph" .

          

          

            Test 0062:
            expand value with default language
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0022

            
{
  "@context": {
    "term": "http://example.com/term",
    "@language": "en"
  },
  "term": "v"
}

            
_:b0 <http://example.com/term> "v"@en .

          

          

            Test 0063:
            Lists and sets of properties with list/set coercion
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0023

            
{
  "@context": {
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#",
    "idlist": {"@id": "http://example.com/idlist", "@container": "@list", "@type": "@id"},
    "datelist": {"@id": "http://example.com/datelist", "@container": "@list", "@type": "xsd:date"},
    "idset": {"@id": "http://example.com/idset", "@container": "@set", "@type": "@id"},
    "dateset": {"@id": "http://example.com/dateset", "@container": "@set", "@type": "xsd:date"},
    "idprop": {"@id": "http://example.com/idprop", "@type": "@id" },
    "dateprop": {"@id": "http://example.com/dateprop", "@type": "xsd:date" },
    "idprop2": {"@id": "http://example.com/idprop2", "@type": "@id" },
    "dateprop2": {"@id": "http://example.com/dateprop2", "@type": "xsd:date" }
  },
  "idlist": ["http://example.org/id"],
  "datelist": ["2012-04-12"],
  "idprop": {"@list": ["http://example.org/id"]},
  "dateprop": {"@list": ["2012-04-12"]},
  "idset": ["http://example.org/id"],
  "dateset": ["2012-04-12"],
  "idprop2": {"@set": ["http://example.org/id"]},
  "dateprop2": {"@set": ["2012-04-12"]}
}

            
_:b0 <http://example.com/datelist> _:b1 .
_:b0 <http://example.com/dateprop2> "2012-04-12"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date> .
_:b0 <http://example.com/dateprop> _:b2 .
_:b0 <http://example.com/dateset> "2012-04-12"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date> .
_:b0 <http://example.com/idlist> _:b3 .
_:b0 <http://example.com/idprop2> <http://example.org/id> .
_:b0 <http://example.com/idprop> _:b4 .
_:b0 <http://example.com/idset> <http://example.org/id> .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "2012-04-12"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date> .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .
_:b2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "2012-04-12"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date> .
_:b2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .
_:b3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.org/id> .
_:b3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .
_:b4 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.org/id> .
_:b4 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .

          

          

            Test 0064:
            Multiple contexts
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0024

            
{
  "@context": [
    {
      "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
      "homepage": {"@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage","@type": "@id"}
    },
    {"ical": "http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/ical#"}
  ],
  "@id": "http://example.com/speakers#Alice",
  "name": "Alice",
  "homepage": "http://xkcd.com/177/",
  "ical:summary": "Alice Talk",
  "ical:location": "Lyon Convention Centre, Lyon, France"
}

            
<http://example.com/speakers#Alice> <http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/ical#location> "Lyon Convention Centre, Lyon, France" .
<http://example.com/speakers#Alice> <http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/ical#summary> "Alice Talk" .
<http://example.com/speakers#Alice> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage> <http://xkcd.com/177/> .
<http://example.com/speakers#Alice> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Alice" .

          

          

            Test 0065:
            Problematic IRI expansion tests
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0025

            
{
  "@context": {
    "foo": "http://example.com/foo/",
    "foo:bar": "http://example.com/bar",
    "bar": {"@id": "foo:bar", "@type": "@id"},
    "_": "http://example.com/underscore/"
  },
  "@type": [ "foo", "foo:bar", "_" ]
}

            
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/bar> .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/foo/> .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/underscore/> .

          

          

            Test 0066:
            Expanding term mapping to @type uses @type syntax
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0026

            
{
  "@context": {
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type": {"@id": "@type", "@type": "@id"}
  },
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com/a",
      "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type": "http://example.com/b"
    }, {
      "@id": "http://example.com/c",
      "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type": [
        "http://example.com/d",
        "http://example.com/e"
      ]
    }, {
      "@id": "http://example.com/f",
      "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type": "http://example.com/g"
    }
  ]
}

            
<http://example.com/a> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/b> .
<http://example.com/c> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/d> .
<http://example.com/c> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/e> .
<http://example.com/f> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/g> .

          

          

            Test 0067:
            Keep duplicate values in @list and @set
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0027

            
{
  "@context": {
    "mylist": {"@id": "http://example.com/mylist", "@container": "@list"},
    "myset": {"@id": "http://example.com/myset", "@container": "@set"}
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/id",
  "mylist": [1, 2, 2, 3],
  "myset": [1, 2, 2, 3]
}

            
<http://example.org/id> <http://example.com/mylist> _:b0 .
<http://example.org/id> <http://example.com/myset> "1"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.org/id> <http://example.com/myset> "2"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.org/id> <http://example.com/myset> "3"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "1"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b1 .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "2"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b2 .
_:b2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "2"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
_:b2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b3 .
_:b3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "3"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
_:b3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .

          

          

            Test 0068:
            Use @vocab in properties and @type but not in @id
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0028

            
{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "date": { "@type": "dateTime" }
  },
  "@id": "example1",
  "@type": "test",
  "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z",
  "embed": {
    "@id": "example2",
    "expandedDate": { "@value": "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z", "@type": "dateTime" }
  }
}

            
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/example1> <http://example.org/vocab#date> "2011-01-25T00:00:00Z"^^<http://example.org/vocab#dateTime> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/example1> <http://example.org/vocab#embed> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/example2> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/example1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.org/vocab#test> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/example2> <http://example.org/vocab#expandedDate> "2012-08-01T00:00:00Z"^^<http://example.org/vocab#dateTime> .

          

          

            Test 0069:
            Relative IRIs
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0029

            
{
  "@context": {
    "links": { "@id": "http://www.example.com/link", "@type": "@id", "@container": "@list" }
  },
  "@id": "relativeIris",
  "@type": [
    "link",
    "#fragment-works",
    "?query=works",
    "./",
    "../",
    "../parent",
    "../../parent-parent-eq-root",
    "../../../../../still-root",
    "../.././.././../../too-many-dots",
    "/absolute",
    "//example.org/scheme-relative"
  ],
  "links": [
    "link",
    "#fragment-works",
    "?query=works",
    "./",
    "../",
    "../parent",
    "../../parent-parent-eq-root",
    "./../../../useless/../../../still-root",
    "../.././.././../../too-many-dots",
    "/absolute",
    "//example.org/scheme-relative"
  ]
}

            
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIris> <http://www.example.com/link> _:b0 .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.org/scheme-relative> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://json-ld.org/absolute> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://json-ld.org/parent-parent-eq-root> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://json-ld.org/still-root> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/parent> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/link> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/toRdf-0069-in.jsonld#fragment-works> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/toRdf-0069-in.jsonld?query=works> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://json-ld.org/too-many-dots> .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/link> .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b1 .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/toRdf-0069-in.jsonld#fragment-works> .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b2 .
_:b10 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.org/scheme-relative> .
_:b10 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .
_:b2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/toRdf-0069-in.jsonld?query=works> .
_:b2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b3 .
_:b3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/> .
_:b3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b4 .
_:b4 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/> .
_:b4 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b5 .
_:b5 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/parent> .
_:b5 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b6 .
_:b6 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://json-ld.org/parent-parent-eq-root> .
_:b6 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b7 .
_:b7 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://json-ld.org/still-root> .
_:b7 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b8 .
_:b8 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://json-ld.org/too-many-dots> .
_:b8 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b9 .
_:b9 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://json-ld.org/absolute> .
_:b9 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b10 .

          

          

            Test 0070:
            Language maps
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0030

            
{
  "@context": {
    "vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/",
    "label": {
      "@id": "vocab:label",
      "@container": "@language"
    }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
  "label": {
    "en": "The Queen",
    "de": [ "Die Königin", "Ihre Majestät" ]
  }
}

            
<http://example.com/queen> <http://example.com/vocab/label> "Die Königin"@de .
<http://example.com/queen> <http://example.com/vocab/label> "Ihre Majestät"@de .
<http://example.com/queen> <http://example.com/vocab/label> "The Queen"@en .

          

          

            Test 0071:
            type-coercion of native types
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0031

            
{
  "@context": {
    "ex": "http://example.org/vocab#",
    "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#",
    "ex:integer": { "@type": "xsd:integer" },
    "ex:double": { "@type": "xsd:double" },
    "ex:boolean": { "@type": "xsd:boolean" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/test#example1",
  "ex:integer": 1,
  "ex:double": 123.45,
  "ex:boolean": true
}

            
<http://example.org/test#example1> <http://example.org/vocab#boolean> "true"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean> .
<http://example.org/test#example1> <http://example.org/vocab#double> "1.2345E2"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .
<http://example.org/test#example1> <http://example.org/vocab#integer> "1"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .

          

          

            Test 0072:
            Mapping a term to null decouples it from @vocab
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0032

            
{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/",
    "from": null,
    "university": { "@id": null }
  },
  "@id": "http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "from": "Italy",
  "university": "TU Graz"
}

            
<http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Markus Lanthaler" .

          

          

            Test 0073:
            Using @vocab with with type-coercion
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0033

            
{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.com/vocab#",
    "homepage": {
      "@type": "@id"
    },
    "created_at": {
      "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date"
    }
  },
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "homepage": "http://www.markus-lanthaler.com/",
  "created_at": "2012-10-28"
}

            
_:b0 <http://example.com/vocab#created_at> "2012-10-28"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date> .
_:b0 <http://example.com/vocab#homepage> <http://www.markus-lanthaler.com/> .
_:b0 <http://example.com/vocab#name> "Markus Lanthaler" .

          

          

            Test 0074:
            Multiple properties expanding to the same IRI
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0034

            
{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/",
    "colliding": "http://example.com/vocab/collidingTerm"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/IriCollissions",
  "colliding": [
    "value 1",
    2
  ],
  "collidingTerm": [
    3,
    "four"
  ],
  "http://example.com/vocab/collidingTerm": 5
}

            
<http://example.com/IriCollissions> <http://example.com/vocab/collidingTerm> "2"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.com/IriCollissions> <http://example.com/vocab/collidingTerm> "3"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.com/IriCollissions> <http://example.com/vocab/collidingTerm> "5"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.com/IriCollissions> <http://example.com/vocab/collidingTerm> "four" .
<http://example.com/IriCollissions> <http://example.com/vocab/collidingTerm> "value 1" .

          

          

            Test 0075:
            Language maps with @vocab, default language, and colliding property
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0035

            
{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/",
    "@language": "it",
    "label": {
      "@container": "@language"
    }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
  "label": {
    "en": "The Queen",
    "de": [ "Die Königin", "Ihre Majestät" ]
  },
  "http://example.com/vocab/label": [
    "Il re",
    { "@value": "The king", "@language": "en" }
  ]
}

            
<http://example.com/queen> <http://example.com/vocab/label> "Die Königin"@de .
<http://example.com/queen> <http://example.com/vocab/label> "Ihre Majestät"@de .
<http://example.com/queen> <http://example.com/vocab/label> "Il re"@it .
<http://example.com/queen> <http://example.com/vocab/label> "The Queen"@en .
<http://example.com/queen> <http://example.com/vocab/label> "The king"@en .

          

          

            Test 0076:
            Expanding @index
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0036

            
{
  "@context": {
    "property": "http://example.com/property",
    "indexContainer": { "@id": "http://example.com/container", "@container": "@index" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/indexTest",
  "indexContainer": {
    "A": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexA"
      },
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexA",
        "@index": "this overrides the 'A' index from the container"
      },
      1,
      true,
      false,
      null,
      "simple string A",
      {
        "@value": "typed literal A",
        "@type": "http://example.org/type"
      },
      {
        "@value": "language-tagged string A",
        "@language": "en"
      }
    ],
    "B": "simple string B",
    "C": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexC"
      },
      {
        "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexC",
        "@index": "this overrides the 'C' index from the container"
      },
      3,
      true,
      false,
      null,
      "simple string C",
      {
        "@value": "typed literal C",
        "@type": "http://example.org/type"
      },
      {
        "@value": "language-tagged string C",
        "@language": "en"
      }
    ]
  },
  "property": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexProp"
    },
    {
      "@id": "http://example.org/nodeWithIndexProp",
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": 3,
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": true,
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": false,
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": null,
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    "simple string no index",
    {
      "@value": "typed literal Prop",
      "@type": "http://example.org/type",
      "@index": "prop"
    },
    {
      "@value": "language-tagged string Prop",
      "@language": "en",
      "@index": "prop"
    }
  ]
}

            
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/container> "1"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/container> "3"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/container> "false"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean> .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/container> "false"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean> .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/container> "language-tagged string A"@en .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/container> "language-tagged string C"@en .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/container> "simple string A" .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/container> "simple string B" .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/container> "simple string C" .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/container> "true"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean> .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/container> "true"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean> .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/container> "typed literal A"^^<http://example.org/type> .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/container> "typed literal C"^^<http://example.org/type> .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/container> <http://example.org/nodeWithIndexA> .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/container> <http://example.org/nodeWithIndexC> .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/container> <http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexA> .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/container> <http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexC> .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/property> "3"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/property> "false"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean> .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/property> "language-tagged string Prop"@en .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/property> "simple string no index" .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/property> "true"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean> .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/property> "typed literal Prop"^^<http://example.org/type> .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/property> <http://example.org/nodeWithIndexProp> .
<http://example.org/indexTest> <http://example.com/property> <http://example.org/nodeWithoutIndexProp> .

          

          

            Test 0077:
            Expanding @reverse
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0037

            
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "@reverse": {
    "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    }
  }
}

            
<http://example.com/people/dave> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://example.com/people/markus> .
<http://example.com/people/dave> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Dave Longley" .
<http://example.com/people/markus> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Markus Lanthaler" .

          

          

            Test 0078:
            Drop blank node predicates by default
          

          

            
Triples with blank node predicates are dropped by default.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "term": "_:term",
    "termId": { "@id": "term", "@type": "@id" }
  },
  "@id": "_:term",
  "@type": "_:term",
  "term": [
    {
      "@id": "_:term",
      "@type": "term"
    },
    {
      "@id": "_:Bx",
      "term": "term"
    },
    "plain value",
    {
      "@id": "_:term"
    }
  ],
  "termId": [
    {
      "@id": "_:term",
      "@type": "term"
    },
    {
      "@id": "_:Cx",
      "term": "termId"
    },
    "term:AppendedToBlankNode",
    "_:termAppendedToBlankNode",
    "relativeIri",
    {
      "@id": "_:term"
    }
  ]
}

            
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> _:b0 .

          

          

            Test 0079:
            Using terms in a reverse-maps
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0039

            
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "knows": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "@reverse": {
    "knows": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    }
  }
}

            
<http://example.com/people/dave> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://example.com/people/markus> .
<http://example.com/people/dave> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Dave Longley" .
<http://example.com/people/markus> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Markus Lanthaler" .

          

          

            Test 0080:
            language and index expansion on non-objects
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0040

            
{
  "@context": {
    "vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/",
    "label": {
      "@id": "vocab:label",
      "@container": "@language"
    },
    "indexes": {
      "@id": "vocab:index",
      "@container": "@index"
    }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/queen",
  "label": [
    "The Queen"
  ],
  "indexes":
  [
    "No",
    "indexes",
    { "@id": "asTheValueIsntAnObject" }
  ]
}

            
<http://example.com/queen> <http://example.com/vocab/index> "No" .
<http://example.com/queen> <http://example.com/vocab/index> "indexes" .
<http://example.com/queen> <http://example.com/vocab/index> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/asTheValueIsntAnObject> .
<http://example.com/queen> <http://example.com/vocab/label> "The Queen" .

          

          

            Test 0081:
            Reset the default language
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0041

            
{
  "@context": {
    "property": "http://example.com/property",
    "nested": "http://example.com/nested",
    "@language": "en"
  },
  "property": "this is English",
  "nested": {
    "@context": {
      "@language": null
    },
    "property": "and this is a plain string"
  }
}

            
_:b0 <http://example.com/nested> _:b1 .
_:b0 <http://example.com/property> "this is English"@en .
_:b1 <http://example.com/property> "and this is a plain string" .

          

          

            Test 0082:
            Expanding reverse properties
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0042

            
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "isKnownBy": {
    "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
    "name": "Dave Longley"
  }
}

            
<http://example.com/people/dave> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://example.com/people/markus> .
<http://example.com/people/dave> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Dave Longley" .
<http://example.com/people/markus> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Markus Lanthaler" .

          

          

            Test 0083:
            Using reverse properties inside a @reverse-container
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0043

            
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "@reverse": {
    "isKnownBy": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
        "name": "Dave Longley"
      },
      {
        "@id": "http://example.com/people/gregg",
        "name": "Gregg Kellogg"
      }
    ]
  }
}

            
<http://example.com/people/dave> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Dave Longley" .
<http://example.com/people/gregg> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Gregg Kellogg" .
<http://example.com/people/markus> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://example.com/people/dave> .
<http://example.com/people/markus> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://example.com/people/gregg> .
<http://example.com/people/markus> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Markus Lanthaler" .

          

          

            Test 0084:
            Ensure index maps use language mapping
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0044

            
{
  "@context": {
    "property": { "@id": "http://example.com/vocab/property", "@language": "de" },
    "indexMap": { "@id": "http://example.com/vocab/indexMap", "@language": "en", "@container": "@index" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/node",
  "property": [
    {
      "@id": "http://example.com/propertyValueNode",
      "indexMap": {
        "expands to english string": "simple string"
      }
    },
    "einfacher String"
  ]
}

            
<http://example.com/node> <http://example.com/vocab/property> "einfacher String"@de .
<http://example.com/node> <http://example.com/vocab/property> <http://example.com/propertyValueNode> .
<http://example.com/propertyValueNode> <http://example.com/vocab/indexMap> "simple string"@en .

          

          

            Test 0085:
            Top-level value objects are removed
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0045

            
{
    "@value": "free-floating value"
}

            

          

          

            Test 0086:
            Free-floating nodes are removed
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0046

            
{
    "@graph": [
        { "@id": "http://example.com/free-floating-node" },
        { "@value": "free-floating value object" },
        { "@value": "free-floating value language-tagged string",  "@language": "en" },
        { "@value": "free-floating value typed value",  "@type": "http://example.com/type" },
        "free-floating plain string",
        true,
        false,
        null,
        1,
        1.5
    ]
}

            

          

          

            Test 0087:
            Remove free-floating set values and lists
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0047

            
{
    "@context": {
        "property": "http://example.com/property"
    },
    "@graph": [
        {
            "@set": [
                "free-floating strings in set objects are removed",
                {
                    "@id": "http://example.com/free-floating-node"
                },
                {
                    "@id": "http://example.com/node",
                    "property": "nodes with properties are not removed"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "@list": [
                "lists are removed even though they represent an invisible linked structure, they have no real meaning",
                {
                    "@id": "http://example.com/node-in-free-floating-list",
                    "property": "everything inside a free-floating list is removed with the list; also nodes with properties"
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

            
<http://example.com/node> <http://example.com/property> "nodes with properties are not removed" .

          

          

            Test 0088:
            Terms are ignored in @id
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0048

            
{
  "@context": {
    "term": "http://example.com/terms-are-not-considered-in-id",
    "compact-iris": "http://example.com/compact-iris-",
    "property": "http://example.com/property",
    "@vocab": "http://example.org/vocab-is-not-considered-for-id"
  },
  "@id": "term",
  "property": [
    {
      "@id": "compact-iris:are-considered",
      "property": "@id supports the following values: relative, absolute, and compact IRIs"
    },
    {
      "@id": "../parent-node",
      "property": "relative IRIs get resolved against the document's base IRI"
    }
  ]
}

            
<http://example.com/compact-iris-are-considered> <http://example.com/property> "@id supports the following values: relative, absolute, and compact IRIs" .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/parent-node> <http://example.com/property> "relative IRIs get resolved against the document's base IRI" .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/term> <http://example.com/property> <http://example.com/compact-iris-are-considered> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/term> <http://example.com/property> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/parent-node> .

          

          

            Test 0089:
            Using strings as value of a reverse property
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0049

            
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows", "@type": "@id" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "isKnownBy": [
    "http://example.com/people/dave",
    "http://example.com/people/gregg"
  ]
}

            
<http://example.com/people/dave> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://example.com/people/markus> .
<http://example.com/people/gregg> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://example.com/people/markus> .
<http://example.com/people/markus> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Markus Lanthaler" .

          

          

            Test 0090:
            Term definitions with prefix separate from prefix definitions
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0050

            
{
  "@context": {
    "issue": { "@id": "http://example.com/issue/", "@type": "@id" },
    "issue:raisedBy": { "@container": "@set" }
  },
  "issue": "/issue/1",
  "issue:raisedBy": "Markus"
}

            
_:b0 <http://example.com/issue/> <http://json-ld.org/issue/1> .
_:b0 <http://example.com/issue/raisedBy> "Markus" .

          

          

            Test 0091:
            Expansion of keyword aliases in term definitions
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0051

            
{
  "@context": [
    { "id": "@id" },
    { "url": "id" }
  ],
  "url": "/issue/1",
  "http://example.com/property": "ok"
}

            
<http://json-ld.org/issue/1> <http://example.com/property> "ok" .

          

          

            Test 0092:
            @vocab-relative IRIs in term definitions
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0052

            
{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.org/",
    "property": "vocabRelativeProperty"
  },
  "property": "must expand to http://example.org/vocabRelativeProperty",
  "http://example.org/property": "ok"
}

            
_:b0 <http://example.org/property> "ok" .
_:b0 <http://example.org/vocabRelativeProperty> "must expand to http://example.org/vocabRelativeProperty" .

          

          

            Test 0093:
            Expand absolute IRI with @type: @vocab
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0053

            
{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab"}
  },
  "term": "http://example.org/enum"
}

            
_:b0 <http://example.org/term> <http://example.org/enum> .

          

          

            Test 0094:
            Expand term with @type: @vocab
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0054

            
{
  "@context": {
    "term": {"@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab"},
    "enum": {"@id": "http://example.org/enum"}
  },
  "term": "enum"
}

            
_:b0 <http://example.org/term> <http://example.org/enum> .

          

          

            Test 0095:
            Expand @vocab-relative term with @type: @vocab
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0055

            
{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.org/",
    "term": {"@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab"}
  },
  "term": "enum"
}

            
_:b0 <http://example.org/term> <http://example.org/enum> .

          

          

            Test 0096:
            Use terms with @type: @vocab but not with @type: @id
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0056

            
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "homepage": { "@id": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage", "@type": "@vocab" },
    "link": { "@id": "http://example.com/link", "@type": "@id" },
    "MarkusHomepage": "http://www.markus-lanthaler.com/",
    "relative-iri": "http://example.com/error-if-this-is-used-for-link"
  },
  "@id": "http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "homepage": "MarkusHomepage",
  "link": "relative-iri"
}

            
<http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/> <http://example.com/link> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relative-iri> .
<http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage> <http://www.markus-lanthaler.com/> .
<http://me.markus-lanthaler.com/> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Markus Lanthaler" .

          

          

            Test 0097:
            Expand relative IRI with @type: @vocab
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0057

            
{
  "@context": {
    "term": { "@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab" }
  },
  "term": "not-a-term-thus-a-relative-IRI"
}

            
_:b0 <http://example.org/term> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/not-a-term-thus-a-relative-IRI> .

          

          

            Test 0098:
            Expand compact IRI with @type: @vocab
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0058

            
{
  "@context": {
    "term": { "@id": "http://example.org/term", "@type": "@vocab" },
    "prefix": "http://example.com/vocab#"
  },
  "term": "prefix:suffix"
}

            
_:b0 <http://example.org/term> <http://example.com/vocab#suffix> .

          

          

            Test 0099:
            Reset @vocab by setting it to null
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0059

            
{
  "@context": {
    "@vocab": "http://example.org/vocab#"
  },
  "@id": "example-with-vocab",
  "@type": "vocab-prefixed",
  "property": "property expanded using @vocab",
  "embed": {
    "@context": {
      "@vocab": null
    },
    "@id": "example-vocab-reset",
    "@type": "document-relative",
    "property": "@vocab reset, property will be dropped"
  }
}

            
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/example-vocab-reset> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/document-relative> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/example-with-vocab> <http://example.org/vocab#embed> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/example-vocab-reset> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/example-with-vocab> <http://example.org/vocab#property> "property expanded using @vocab" .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/example-with-vocab> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.org/vocab#vocab-prefixed> .

          

          

            Test 0100:
            Overwrite document base with @base and reset it again
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0060

            
{
  "@context": {
    "property": "http://example.com/vocab#property"
  },
  "@id": "../document-relative",
  "@type": "#document-relative",
  "property": {
    "@context": {
      "@base": "http://example.org/test/"
    },
    "@id": "../document-base-overwritten",
    "@type": "#document-base-overwritten",
    "property": [
      {
        "@context": null,
        "@id": "../document-relative",
        "@type": "#document-relative",
        "property": "context completely reset, drops property"
      },
      {
        "@context": {
          "@base": null
        },
        "@id": "../document-relative",
        "@type": "#document-relative",
        "property": "@base is set to none"
      }
    ]
  }
}

            
<http://example.org/document-base-overwritten> <http://example.com/vocab#property> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/document-relative> .
<http://example.org/document-base-overwritten> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.org/test/#document-base-overwritten> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/document-relative> <http://example.com/vocab#property> <http://example.org/document-base-overwritten> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/document-relative> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/toRdf-0100-in.jsonld#document-relative> .

          

          

            Test 0101:
            Coercing native types to arbitrary datatypes
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0061

            
{
  "@context": {
    "property": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/property",
      "@type": "http://example.com/datatype"
    }
  },
  "property": [ 1, true, false, 5.1 ]
}

            
_:b0 <http://example.com/property> "1"^^<http://example.com/datatype> .
_:b0 <http://example.com/property> "5.1E0"^^<http://example.com/datatype> .
_:b0 <http://example.com/property> "false"^^<http://example.com/datatype> .
_:b0 <http://example.com/property> "true"^^<http://example.com/datatype> .

          

          

            Test 0102:
            Various relative IRIs with with @base
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0062

            
{
  "@context": {
    "@base": "http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/file#with-a-fragment",
    "links": { "@id": "http://www.example.com/link", "@type": "@id", "@container": "@list" }
  },
  "@id": "relativeIris",
  "@type": [
    "link",
    "#fragment-works",
    "?query=works",
    "./",
    "../",
    "../parent",
    "../../parent-parent-eq-root",
    "../../../../../still-root",
    "../.././.././../../too-many-dots",
    "/absolute",
    "//example.org/scheme-relative"
  ],
  "links": [
    "link",
    "#fragment-works",
    "?query=works",
    "./",
    "../",
    "../parent",
    "../../parent-parent-eq-root",
    "./../../../../../still-root",
    "../.././.././../../too-many-dots",
    "/absolute",
    "//example.org/scheme-relative",
    "//example.org/../scheme-relative",
    "//example.org/.././useless/../../scheme-relative"
  ]
}

            
<http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/relativeIris> <http://www.example.com/link> _:b0 .
<http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/absolute> .
<http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/some/deep/directory/> .
<http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/> .
<http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/file#fragment-works> .
<http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/file?query=works> .
<http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/link> .
<http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/some/deep/directory/parent> .
<http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/some/deep/parent-parent-eq-root> .
<http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/still-root> .
<http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/too-many-dots> .
<http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/relativeIris> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.org/scheme-relative> .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/link> .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b1 .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/file#fragment-works> .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b2 .
_:b10 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.org/scheme-relative> .
_:b10 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b11 .
_:b11 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.org/scheme-relative> .
_:b11 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b12 .
_:b12 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.org/scheme-relative> .
_:b12 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .
_:b2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/file?query=works> .
_:b2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b3 .
_:b3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.com/some/deep/directory/and/> .
_:b3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b4 .
_:b4 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.com/some/deep/directory/> .
_:b4 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b5 .
_:b5 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.com/some/deep/directory/parent> .
_:b5 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b6 .
_:b6 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.com/some/deep/parent-parent-eq-root> .
_:b6 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b7 .
_:b7 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.com/still-root> .
_:b7 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b8 .
_:b8 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.com/too-many-dots> .
_:b8 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b9 .
_:b9 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.com/absolute> .
_:b9 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b10 .

          

          

            Test 0103:
            Expand a reverse property with an index-container
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0063

            
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows", "@container": "@index" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "isKnownBy": {
    "Dave": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    },
    "Gregg": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/gregg",
      "name": "Gregg Kellogg"
    }
  }
}

            
<http://example.com/people/dave> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://example.com/people/markus> .
<http://example.com/people/dave> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Dave Longley" .
<http://example.com/people/gregg> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://example.com/people/markus> .
<http://example.com/people/gregg> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Gregg Kellogg" .
<http://example.com/people/markus> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Markus Lanthaler" .

          

          

            Test 0104:
            Expand reverse property whose values are unlabeled blank nodes
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0064

            
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "isKnownBy": { "@reverse": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "isKnownBy": [
    {
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gregg Kellogg"
    }
  ]
}

            
<http://example.com/people/markus> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Markus Lanthaler" .
_:b0 <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://example.com/people/markus> .
_:b0 <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Dave Longley" .
_:b1 <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://example.com/people/markus> .
_:b1 <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Gregg Kellogg" .

          

          

            Test 0105:
            Keys that are not mapped to an IRI in a reverse-map are dropped
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0065

            
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "knows": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "@reverse": {
    "knows": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    },
    "relative-iri": {
      "@id": "relative-node",
      "name": "Keys that are not mapped to an IRI in a reverse-map are dropped"
    }
  }
}

            
<http://example.com/people/dave> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://example.com/people/markus> .
<http://example.com/people/dave> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Dave Longley" .
<http://example.com/people/markus> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Markus Lanthaler" .

          

          

            Test 0106:
            Use @vocab to expand keys in reverse-maps
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0066

            
{
  "@context": {
    "name": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name",
    "knows": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows",
    "@vocab": "http://example.com/vocab/"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/people/markus",
  "name": "Markus Lanthaler",
  "@reverse": {
    "knows": {
      "@id": "http://example.com/people/dave",
      "name": "Dave Longley"
    },
    "noTerm": {
      "@id": "relative-node",
      "name": "Compact keys using @vocab"
    }
  }
}

            
<http://example.com/people/dave> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows> <http://example.com/people/markus> .
<http://example.com/people/dave> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Dave Longley" .
<http://example.com/people/markus> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Markus Lanthaler" .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relative-node> <http://example.com/vocab/noTerm> <http://example.com/people/markus> .
<http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relative-node> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Compact keys using @vocab" .

          

          

            Test 0107:
            prefix:://sufffix not a compact IRI
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0067

            
{
  "@context": {
    "http": "http://example.com/this-prefix-would-overwrite-all-http-iris"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.org/node1",
  "@type": "http://example.org/type",
  "http://example.org/property": "all these IRIs remain unchanged because they are interpreted as absolute IRIs"
}

            
<http://example.org/node1> <http://example.org/property> "all these IRIs remain unchanged because they are interpreted as absolute IRIs" .
<http://example.org/node1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.org/type> .

          

          

            Test 0108:
            _::sufffix not a compact IRI
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0068

            
{
  "@context": {
    "_": "http://example.com/this-prefix-would-overwrite-all-blank-node-identifiers"
  },
  "@id": "_:node1",
  "@type": "_:type",
  "_:property": "all these IRIs remain unchanged because they are interpreted as blank node identifiers"
}

            
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> _:b0 .

          

          

            Test 0109:
            Compact IRI as term with type mapping
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0069

            
{
  "@context": {
    "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
    "rdfs:subClassOf": { "@id": "rdfs:subClassOf", "@type": "@id" }
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#class",
  "@type": "rdfs:Class",
  "rdfs:subClassOf": "http://example.com/vocab#someOtherClass"
}

            
<http://example.com/vocab#class> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> .
<http://example.com/vocab#class> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.com/vocab#someOtherClass> .

          

          

            Test 0110:
            Redefine compact IRI with itself
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0070

            
{
  "@context": {
    "prefix": "http://www.example.org/vocab#",
    "prefix:foo": "prefix:foo"
  },
  "@id": "http://example.com/vocab#id",
  "@type": "prefix:Class",
  "prefix:foo": "bar"
}

            
<http://example.com/vocab#id> <http://www.example.org/vocab#foo> "bar" .
<http://example.com/vocab#id> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.example.org/vocab#Class> .

          

          

            Test 0111:
            Redefine terms looking like compact IRIs
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0071

            
{
  "@context": [
    {
      "v": "http://example.com/vocab#",
      "v:term": "v:somethingElse",
      "v:termId": { "@id": "v:somethingElseId" }
    },
    {
      "v:term": "v:term",
      "v:termId": { "@id": "v:termId" }
    }
  ],
  "v:term": "value of v:term",
  "v:termId": "value of v:termId"
}

            
_:b0 <http://example.com/vocab#term> "value of v:term" .
_:b0 <http://example.com/vocab#termId> "value of v:termId" .

          

          

            Test 0112:
            Redefine term using @vocab, not itself
          

          

            
RDF version of expand-0072

            
{
  "@context": [
    {
      "v": "http://example.com/vocab#",
      "term": "v:somethingElse"
    },
    {
      "@vocab": "http://example.com/anotherVocab#",
      "term": "term"
    }
  ],
  "term": "value of term"
}

            
_:b0 <http://example.com/anotherVocab#term> "value of term" .

          

          

            Test 0113:
            Dataset with a IRI named graph
          

          

            
Basic use of creating a named graph using an IRI name

            
{
  "@id": "http://example/g",
  "@graph": {
    "@id": "http://example/s",
    "http://example/p": {"@id": "http://example/o"}
  }
}

            
<http://example/s> <http://example/p> <http://example/o> <http://example/g> .

          

          

            Test 0114:
            Dataset with a IRI named graph
          

          

            
Basic use of creating a named graph using a BNode name

            
{
  "@id": "_:g",
  "@graph": {
    "@id": "http://example/s",
    "http://example/p": {"@id": "http://example/o"}
  }
}

            
<http://example/s> <http://example/p> <http://example/o> _:b0 .

          

          

            Test 0115:
            Dataset with a default and two named graphs
          

          

            
Dataset with a default and two named graphs (IRI and BNode)

            
{
  "@graph": [{
    "@id": "http://example/s0",
    "http://example/p0": {"@id": "http://example/o0"}
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example/g",
    "@graph": {
      "@id": "http://example/s1",
      "http://example/p1": {"@id": "http://example/o1"}
    }
  },
  {
    "@id": "_:g",
    "@graph": {
      "@id": "http://example/s2",
      "http://example/p2": {"@id": "http://example/o2"}
    }
  }]
}

            
<http://example/s0> <http://example/p0> <http://example/o0> .
<http://example/s1> <http://example/p1> <http://example/o1> <http://example/g> .
<http://example/s2> <http://example/p2> <http://example/o2> _:b0 .

          

          

            Test 0116:
            Dataset from node with embedded named graph
          

          

            
Embedding @graph in a node creates a named graph

            
{
  "@id": "http://example/s0",
  "http://example/p0": {"@id": "http://example/o0"},
  "@graph": {
    "@id": "http://example/s1",
    "http://example/p1": {"@id": "http://example/o1"}
  }
}

            
<http://example/s0> <http://example/p0> <http://example/o0> .
<http://example/s1> <http://example/p1> <http://example/o1> <http://example/s0> .

          

          

            Test 0117:
            Dataset from node with embedded named graph (bnode)
          

          

            
Embedding @graph in a node creates a named graph. Graph name is created if there is no subject

            
{
  "http://example/p0": {"@id": "http://example/o0"},
  "@graph": {
    "@id": "http://example/s1",
    "http://example/p1": {"@id": "http://example/o1"}
  }
}

            
<http://example/s1> <http://example/p1> <http://example/o1> _:b0 .
_:b0 <http://example/p0> <http://example/o0> .

          

          

            Test 0118:
            produce generalized RDF flag
          

          

            
Triples with blank node predicates are not dropped if the produce generalized RDF flag is true.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "term": "_:term",
    "termId": { "@id": "term", "@type": "@id" }
  },
  "@id": "_:term",
  "@type": "_:term",
  "term": [
    {
      "@id": "_:term",
      "@type": "term"
    },
    {
      "@id": "_:Bx",
      "term": "term"
    },
    "plain value",
    {
      "@id": "_:term"
    }
  ],
  "termId": [
    {
      "@id": "_:term",
      "@type": "term"
    },
    {
      "@id": "_:Cx",
      "term": "termId"
    },
    "term:AppendedToBlankNode",
    "_:termAppendedToBlankNode",
    "relativeIri",
    {
      "@id": "_:term"
    }
  ]
}

            
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> _:b0 .
_:b0 _:b0 "plain value" .
_:b0 _:b0 <http://json-ld.org/test-suite/tests/relativeIri> .
_:b0 _:b0 _:b0 .
_:b0 _:b0 _:b1 .
_:b0 _:b0 _:b2 .
_:b0 _:b0 _:b3 .
_:b1 _:b0 "term" .
_:b2 _:b0 "termId" .

          

          

            Test 0119:
            Blank nodes with reverse properties
          

          

            
Proper (re-)labeling of blank nodes if used with reverse properties.

            
{
  "@context": {
    "foo": "http://example.org/foo",
    "bar": { "@reverse": "http://example.org/bar", "@type": "@id" }
  },
  "foo": "Foo",
  "bar": [ "http://example.org/origin", "_:b0" ]
}

            
<http://example.org/origin> <http://example.org/bar> _:b0 .
_:b0 <http://example.org/foo> "Foo" .
_:b1 <http://example.org/bar> _:b0 .

          

        

        

          

            Test 0001:
            Object Lists
          

          

            
Tests generation using different types of objects.

            
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Type> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop1> <http://example.com/Obj1> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop2> "Plain" .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop2> "2012-05-12"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop2> "English"@en .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/Subj1",
    "@type": ["http://example.com/Type"],
    "http://example.com/prop1": [{"@id": "http://example.com/Obj1"}],
    "http://example.com/prop2": [
      {"@value": "Plain"},
      {"@value": "2012-05-12", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date"},
      {"@value": "English", "@language": "en"}
    ]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0002:
            Native Types
          

          

            
Do not use native datatypes for xsd:boolean, xsd:integer, and xsd:double by default.

            
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop> "true"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop> "false"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop> "1"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop> "1.1"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop> "1.1E-1"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/Subj1",
    "http://example.com/prop": [
      {
        "@value": "true",
        "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean"
      },
      {
        "@value": "false",
        "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean"
      },
      {
        "@value": "1",
        "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer"
      },
      {
        "@value": "1.1",
        "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal"
      },
      {
        "@value": "1.1E-1",
        "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double"
      }
    ]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0003:
            BNodes and references
          

          

            
BNode name generation and references between resources.

            
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Type> .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/SubType> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/ref> _:a .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/ref> <http://example.com/Subj2> .
<http://example.com/Subj2> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Type> .
<http://example.com/Subj2> <http://example.com/ref> <http://example.com/Subj1> .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "_:a",
    "@type": ["http://example.com/SubType"]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/Subj1",
    "@type": ["http://example.com/Type"],
    "http://example.com/ref": [
      {"@id": "_:a"},
      {"@id": "http://example.com/Subj2"}
    ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/Subj2",
    "@type": ["http://example.com/Type"],
    "http://example.com/ref": [{"@id": "http://example.com/Subj1"}]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0004:
            Lists
          

          

            
Multiple lists with different types of element.

            
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Type> .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "apple" .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "bananna" .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/literalList> _:a .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/emptyList> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .
_:c <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> <http://example.com/iri> .
_:c <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/iriList> _:c .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/Subj1",
    "@type": ["http://example.com/Type"],
    "http://example.com/literalList": [{
      "@list": [
        {"@value": "apple"},
        {"@value": "bananna"}
      ]
    }],
    "http://example.com/emptyList": [{
      "@list": []
    }],
    "http://example.com/iriList": [{
      "@list": [{"@id": "http://example.com/iri"}]
    }]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0005:
            Document with list
          

          

            
Uses a named graph containing a list.

            
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Type> <http://example.com/U> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/ref> <http://example.com/U> <http://example.com/U> .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "a" <http://example.com/U> .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b <http://example.com/U> .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "b" <http://example.com/U> .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> <http://example.com/U> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/list> _:a <http://example.com/U> .
<http://example.com/U> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Graph> .
<http://example.com/U> <http://example.com/name> "Graph" .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/U",
    "@graph": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.com/Subj1",
        "@type": ["http://example.com/Type"],
        "http://example.com/ref": [{"@id": "http://example.com/U"}],
        "http://example.com/list": [{
          "@list": [
            {"@value": "a"},
            {"@value": "b"}
          ]
        }]
      }
    ],
    "@type": ["http://example.com/Graph"],
    "http://example.com/name": [{"@value": "Graph"}]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0006:
            Two graphs having same subject but different values
          

          

            
Ensure that properties and list elements aren't confused between graphs.

            
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Type> <http://example.com/U> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/ref> <http://example.com/U> <http://example.com/U> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/list> _:a <http://example.com/U> .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "a" <http://example.com/U> .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b <http://example.com/U> .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "b" <http://example.com/U> .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> <http://example.com/U> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Type2> <http://example.com/V> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/ref> <http://example.com/V> <http://example.com/V> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/list> _:c <http://example.com/V> .
_:c <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "c" <http://example.com/V> .
_:c <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:d <http://example.com/V> .
_:d <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "d" <http://example.com/V> .
_:d <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> <http://example.com/V> .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/U",
    "@graph": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.com/Subj1",
        "@type": ["http://example.com/Type"],
        "http://example.com/ref": [{"@id": "http://example.com/U"}],
        "http://example.com/list": [{
          "@list": [
            {"@value": "a"},
            {"@value": "b"}
          ]
        }]
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/V",
    "@graph": [
      {
        "@id": "http://example.com/Subj1",
        "@type": ["http://example.com/Type2"],
        "http://example.com/ref": [{"@id": "http://example.com/V"}],
        "http://example.com/list": [{
          "@list": [
            {"@value": "c"},
            {"@value": "d"}
          ]
        }]
      }
    ]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0007:
            Graph with multiple named graphs
          

          

            
Testing @graph recursion.

            
<http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/Assertions> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#SnakSet> .
<http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/Assertions> <http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#assertedBy> "http://gregkellogg.net/foaf#me" .
<http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/BerlinFact> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#Snak> <http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/Assertions> .
<http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/BerlinFact> <http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#assertedBy> "http://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/" <http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/Assertions> .
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin> <http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#population> "3499879"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> <http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/BerlinFact> .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/Assertions",
    "@type": ["http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#SnakSet"],
    "http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#assertedBy": [{"@value": "http://gregkellogg.net/foaf#me"}
    ],
    "@graph": [
      {
        "@id": "http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/BerlinFact",
        "@type": ["http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#Snak"],
        "http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#assertedBy": [{"@value": "http://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/"}]
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://data.wikipedia.org/snaks/BerlinFact",
    "@graph": [
      {
        "@id": "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin",
        "http://data.wikipedia.org/vocab#population": [{
          "@value": "3499879",
          "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer"
        }]
      }
    ]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0008:
            List conversion
          

          

            
Conversion of lists of lists (the triples in the input are only partially ordered on purpose

            
<http://example.com> <http://example.com/property> _:outerlist .
_:outerlist <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> _:lista .
_:outerlist <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b0 .

_:lista <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "a1" .
_:lista <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:a2 .
_:a2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "a2" .
_:a2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:a3 .
_:a3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "a3" .
_:a3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .

_:c0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> _:c1 .
_:c0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .
_:c1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "c1" .
_:c1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:c2 .
_:c2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "c2" .
_:c2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:c3 .
_:c3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "c3" .
_:c3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .

_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> _:b1 .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:c0 .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "b1" .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b2 .
_:b2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "b2" .
_:b2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b3 .
_:b3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "b3" .
_:b3 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "_:b1",
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first": [ { "@value": "b1" } ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest": [
      {
        "@list": [
          { "@value": "b2" },
          { "@value": "b3" }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "_:c1",
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first": [ { "@value": "c1" } ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest": [
      {
        "@list": [
          { "@value": "c2" },
          { "@value": "c3" }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "_:lista",
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first": [ { "@value": "a1" } ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest": [
      {
        "@list": [
          { "@value": "a2" },
          { "@value": "a3" }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com",
    "http://example.com/property": [
      {
        "@list": [
          { "@id": "_:lista" },
          { "@id": "_:b1" },
          { "@id": "_:c1" }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0009:
            List conversion with IRI nodes
          

          

            
Preserve IRI list nodes (i.e., not blank nodes) when converting to @list

            
<http://example.com> <http://example.com/property> <http://example.com/list> .
<http://example.com/list> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "a" .
<http://example.com/list> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "b" .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:c .
_:c <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "c" .
_:c <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com",
    "http://example.com/property": [ { "@id": "http://example.com/list" } ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/list",
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first": [ { "@value": "a" } ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest": [
      {
        "@list": [
          { "@value": "b" },
          { "@value": "c" }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0010:
            List pattern without rdf:nil
          

          

            
Do not convert lists that are not terminated by rdf:nil to @list.

            
<http://example.com> <http://example.com/property> _:a .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "a" .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "b" .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:c .
_:c <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "c" .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "_:a",
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first": [ { "@value": "a" } ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest":  [ { "@id": "_:b" } ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "_:b",
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first": [ { "@value": "b" } ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest":  [ { "@id": "_:c" } ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "_:c",
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first": [ { "@value": "c" } ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com",
    "http://example.com/property":  [ { "@id": "_:a" } ]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0011:
            List pattern with extra properties
          

          

            
If additional properties are associated to a list node, the list is only partially converted to @list.

            
<http://example.com> <http://example.com/property> _:a .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "a" .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "b" .
_:b <http://example.com/other-property> "This list node has also properties other than rdf:first and rdf:rest" .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:c .
_:c <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "c" .
_:c <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "_:a",
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first": [ { "@value": "a" } ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest": [ { "@id": "_:b" } ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "_:b",
    "http://example.com/other-property": [
      { "@value": "This list node has also properties other than rdf:first and rdf:rest" }
    ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first": [ { "@value": "b" } ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest": [
      {
        "@list": [
          { "@value": "c" }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com",
    "http://example.com/property": [ { "@id": "_:a" } ]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0012:
            List pattern with cycles
          

          

            
Detect lists containing cycles and do not convert them to @list.

            
<http://example.com> <http://example.com/property> _:a .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "a" .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "b" .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:c .
_:c <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "c" .
_:c <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "_:a",
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first": [ { "@value": "a" } ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest":  [ { "@id": "_:b" } ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "_:b",
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first": [ { "@value": "b" } ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest":  [ { "@id": "_:c" } ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "_:c",
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first": [ { "@value": "c" } ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest":  [ { "@id": "_:b" } ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com",
    "http://example.com/property":  [ { "@id": "_:a" } ]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0013:
            List pattern with multiple values of rdf:first
          

          

            
Do not convert list nodes to @list if nodes contain more than one value for rdf:first.

            
<http://example.com> <http://example.com/property> _:a .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "a" .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "b1" .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "b2" .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:c .
_:c <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "c" .
_:c <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "_:a",
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first": [ { "@value": "a" } ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest": [ { "@id": "_:b" } ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "_:b",
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first": [
      { "@value": "b1" },
      { "@value": "b2" }
    ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest": [
      {
        "@list": [
          {
            "@value": "c"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com",
    "http://example.com/property": [ { "@id": "_:a" } ]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0014:
            List pattern with multiple values of rdf:rest
          

          

            
Do not convert list nodes to @list if nodes contain more than one value for rdf:rest.

            
<http://example.com> <http://example.com/property> _:a .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "a" .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "b" .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:c .
_:b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:d .
_:c <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "c" .
_:c <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .
_:d <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "d" .
_:d <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "_:a",
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first": [ { "@value": "a" } ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest": [ { "@id": "_:b" } ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "_:b",
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first": [ { "@value": "b" } ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest": [
      { "@list": [ { "@value": "c" } ] },
      { "@list": [ { "@value": "d" } ] }
    ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com",
    "http://example.com/property": [ { "@id": "_:a" } ]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0015:
            List pattern with IRI rdf:rest
          

          

            
Do not convert lists to @list if a list node's rdf:rest is an IRI.

            
<http://example.com> <http://example.com/property> _:a .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "a" .
_:a <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> "b" .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "_:a",
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first": [ { "@value": "a" } ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest":  [ { "@value": "b" } ]
  },
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com",
    "http://example.com/property":  [ { "@id": "_:a" } ]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0016:
            List pattern with type rdf:List
          

          

            
List nodes may have a rdf:type rdf:List.

            
<http://example.com/> <http://example.com/list> _:b0 .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#List> .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "A" .
_:b0 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b1 .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "B" .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> _:b2 .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#List> .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#List> .
_:b1 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#List> .
_:b2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first> "C" .
_:b2 <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rest> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil> .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/",
    "http://example.com/list": [
      {
        "@list": [
          {
            "@value": "A"
          },
          {
            "@value": "B"
          },
          {
            "@value": "C"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0017:
            Remove duplicate triples
          

          

            
Equivalent triples are used only once

            
<http://example.com/nodeA> <http://example.com/property> "1" .
<http://example.com/nodeA> <http://example.com/property> "1" .
<http://example.com/nodeA> <http://example.com/property> "2"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.com/nodeA> <http://example.com/property> "2"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.com/nodeA> <http://example.com/property> <http://example.com/nodeB> .
<http://example.com/nodeA> <http://example.com/property> <http://example.com/nodeB> .
<http://example.com/nodeA> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/TypeA> .
<http://example.com/nodeA> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/TypeA> .
<http://example.com/nodeA> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/TypeA> .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/nodeA",
    "http://example.com/property": [
      { "@value": "1" },
      {
        "@value": "2",
        "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer"
      },
      { "@id": "http://example.com/nodeB" }
    ],
    "@type": [ "http://example.com/TypeA" ]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0018:
            use native types flag set to true
          

          

            
Literals with datatype xsd:boolean, xsd:integer, and xsd:double are serialized using native scalar values

            
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop> "true"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop> "false"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop> "1"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop> "1.1"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop> "1.1E-1"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/Subj1",
    "http://example.com/prop": [
      { "@value": true },
      { "@value": false },
      { "@value": 1 },
      { "@value": "1.1", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal"},
      { "@value": 0.11 }
    ]
  }
]

          

          

            Test 0019:
            use rdf:type flag set to false
          

          

            
Setting useRdfType to true causes an rdf:type predicate to be treated like a normal property, not @type

            
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://example.com/Type> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop1> <http://example.com/Obj1> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop2> "Plain" .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop2> "2012-05-12"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date> .
<http://example.com/Subj1> <http://example.com/prop2> "English"@en .

            
[
  {
    "@id": "http://example.com/Subj1",
    "http://example.com/prop1": [{"@id": "http://example.com/Obj1"}],
    "http://example.com/prop2": [
      {"@value": "Plain"},
      {"@value": "2012-05-12", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date"},
      {"@value": "English", "@language": "en"}
    ],
    "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type": [
      {"@id": "http://example.com/Type"}
    ]
  }
]

          

        

      

    

    

      

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        This report generated by
        earl-report
        
        
        version
        
          0.3.1
          
          
        
        an
        Unlicensed
        Ruby
        application. More information is available at
        https://github.com/gkellogg/earl-report
        .
      

      

        This software is provided by
        Gregg Kellogg
        in hopes that it might make the lives of conformance testers easier.