css3-animations/Overview.html@b531bcdc39f7
css3-animations/Overview.html
Wed, 28 Mar 2012 22:14:48 -0700
- author
- L. David Baron <dbaron@dbaron.org>
- date
- Wed, 28 Mar 2012 22:14:48 -0700
- changeset 5304
- b531bcdc39f7
- parent 5303
- 083f80ca0535
- child 5312
- f2453d922d28
- permissions
- -rw-r--r--
Add two additional values for animation-direction: reverse and alternate-reverse .
This is as proposed in
http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/2011May/0548.html
and resolved in the group's 2012 March 28 teleconference per
http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/2012Mar/0655.html
1 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
2 "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
4 <html lang=en>
5 <head>
6 <title>CSS Animations</title>
7 <link href="../default.css" rel=stylesheet type="text/css">
8 <link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-ED.css" rel=stylesheet
9 type="text/css">
11 <body>
12 <div class=head> <!--begin-logo-->
13 <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt=W3C height=48
14 src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width=72></a> <!--end-logo-->
16 <h1>CSS Animations</h1>
18 <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=longstatus-date>Editor's Draft 29 March 2012</h2>
20 <dl>
21 <dt>This version:
23 <dd><a
24 href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/ED-css3-animations-20120329/">http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-animations/</a>
25 <!--http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-animations-20120329-->
27 <dt>Latest version:
29 <dd><a
30 href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-animations">http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-animations/</a>
33 <dt>Editor's draft:
35 <dd><a
36 href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-animations/">http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-animations/</a>
39 <dt>Previous version:
41 <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-css3-animations-20090320/">
42 http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-css3-animations-20090320/</a>
44 <dt id=editors-list>Editors:
46 <dd><a href="mailto:dino@apple.com">Dean Jackson</a> (<a
47 href="http://www.apple.com/">Apple Inc</a>)
49 <dd><a href="mailto:hyatt@apple.com">David Hyatt</a> (<a
50 href="http://www.apple.com/">Apple Inc</a>)
52 <dd><a href="mailto:cmarrin@apple.com">Chris Marrin</a> (<a
53 href="http://www.apple.com/">Apple Inc</a>)
55 <dd><a href="mailto:sylvaing@microsoft.com">Sylvain Galineau</a> (<a
56 class=org href="http://www.microsoft.com/">Microsoft</a>)
58 <dd class=vcard><a class=fn href="http://dbaron.org/">L. David Baron</a>
59 (<a class=org href="http://www.mozilla.org/">Mozilla</a>)
61 <dt>Issues list:
63 <dd><a
64 href="https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/buglist.cgi?query_format=advanced&product=CSS&component=Animations&resolution=---&cmdtype=doit">in
65 Bugzilla</a>
67 <dt>Discussion:
69 <dd><a
70 href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/">www-style@w3.org</a>
71 with subject line “<kbd>[css3-animations] <var>… message
72 topic …</var></kbd>”
74 <dt>Test suite:
76 <dd>none yet
77 </dl>
78 <!--begin-copyright-->
79 <p class=copyright><a
80 href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright"
81 rel=license>Copyright</a> © 2012 <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><abbr
82 title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr></a><sup>®</sup> (<a
83 href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><abbr
84 title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr></a>, <a
85 href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><abbr
86 title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr></a>,
87 <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>), All Rights Reserved. W3C <a
88 href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
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91 and <a
92 href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document
93 use</a> rules apply.</p>
94 <!--end-copyright-->
95 <hr title="Separator for header">
96 </div>
98 <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=abstract>Abstract</h2>
100 <p>This CSS module describes a way for authors to animate the values of CSS
101 properties over time, using keyframes. The behavior of these keyframe
102 animations can be controlled by specifying their duration, number of
103 repeats, and repeating behavior.
105 <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=status>Status of this document</h2>
106 <!--begin-status-->
108 <p>This is a public copy of the editors' draft. It is provided for
109 discussion only and may change at any moment. Its publication here does
110 not imply endorsement of its contents by W3C. Don't cite this document
111 other than as work in progress.
113 <p>The (<a
114 href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/">archived</a>) public
115 mailing list <a
116 href="mailto:www-style@w3.org?Subject=%5Bcss3-animations%5D%20PUT%20SUBJECT%20HERE">
117 www-style@w3.org</a> (see <a
118 href="http://www.w3.org/Mail/Request">instructions</a>) is preferred for
119 discussion of this specification. When sending e-mail, please put the text
120 “css3-animations” in the subject, preferably like this:
121 “[<!---->css3-animations<!---->] <em>…summary of
122 comment…</em>”
124 <p>This document was produced by the <a href="/Style/CSS/members">CSS
125 Working Group</a> (part of the <a href="/Style/">Style Activity</a>).
127 <p>This document was produced by a group operating under the <a
128 href="/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February 2004 W3C Patent
129 Policy</a>. W3C maintains a <a href="/2004/01/pp-impl/32061/status"
130 rel=disclosure>public list of any patent disclosures</a> made in
131 connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes
132 instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual
133 knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains <a
134 href="/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential
135 Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with <a
136 href="/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section 6 of the
137 W3C Patent Policy</a>.</p>
138 <!--end-status-->
140 <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=contents>Table of contents</h2>
141 <!--begin-toc-->
143 <ul class=toc>
144 <li><a href="#introduction"><span class=secno>1. </span>Introduction</a>
146 <li><a href="#animations"><span class=secno>2. </span>Animations</a>
148 <li><a href="#keyframes"><span class=secno>3. </span>Keyframes</a>
149 <ul class=toc>
150 <li><a href="#timing-functions-for-keyframes-"><span class=secno>3.1.
151 </span> Timing functions for keyframes </a>
153 <li><a href="#the-animation-name-property-"><span class=secno>3.2.
154 </span> The <code class=property>'animation-name'</code> Property </a>
156 <li><a href="#the-animation-duration-property-"><span class=secno>3.3.
157 </span> The <code class=property>'animation-duration'</code> Property
158 </a>
160 <li><a href="#animation-timing-function_tag"><span class=secno>3.4.
161 </span> The <code class=property>'animation-timing-function'</code>
162 Property </a>
164 <li><a href="#the-animation-iteration-count-property-"><span
165 class=secno>3.5. </span> The <code
166 class=property>'animation-iteration-count'</code> Property </a>
168 <li><a href="#the-animation-direction-property-"><span class=secno>3.6.
169 </span> The <code class=property>'animation-direction'</code> Property
170 </a>
172 <li><a href="#the-animation-play-state-property-"><span class=secno>3.7.
173 </span> The <code class=property>'animation-play-state'</code> Property
174 </a>
176 <li><a href="#the-animation-delay-property-"><span class=secno>3.8.
177 </span> The <code class=property>'animation-delay'</code> Property </a>
180 <li><a href="#the-animation-fill-mode-property-"><span class=secno>3.9.
181 </span> The <code class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code> Property
182 </a>
184 <li><a href="#the-animation-shorthand-property-"><span class=secno>3.10.
185 </span> The <code class=property>'animation'</code> Shorthand Property
186 </a>
187 </ul>
189 <li><a href="#animation-events-"><span class=secno>4. </span> Animation
190 Events </a>
192 <li><a href="#dom-interfaces-"><span class=secno>5. </span> DOM Interfaces
193 </a>
195 <li><a href="#acknowledgments"><span class=secno>6.
196 </span>Acknowledgments</a>
198 <li><a href="#references"><span class=secno>7. </span>References</a>
199 <ul class=toc>
200 <li class=no-num><a href="#normative-references">Normative
201 references</a>
203 <li class=no-num><a href="#other-references">Other references</a>
204 </ul>
206 <li class=no-num><a href="#property-index">Property index</a>
208 <li class=no-num><a href="#index">Index</a>
209 </ul>
210 <!--end-toc-->
212 <h2 id=introduction><span class=secno>1. </span>Introduction</h2>
214 <p><em>This section is not normative.</em>
216 <p> CSS Transitions <a href="#CSS3-TRANSITIONS"
217 rel=biblioentry>[CSS3-TRANSITIONS]<!--{{!CSS3-TRANSITIONS}}--></a> provide
218 a way to interpolate CSS property values when they change as a result of
219 underlying property changes. This provides an easy way to do simple
220 animation, but the start and end states of the animation are controlled by
221 the existing property values, and transitions provide little control to
222 the author on how the animation progresses.
224 <p> This proposal introduces <em>defined animations</em>, in which the
225 author can specify the changes in CSS properties over time as a set of
226 keyframes. Animations are similar to transitions in that they change the
227 presentational value of CSS properties over time. The principal difference
228 is that while transitions trigger <i>implicitly</i> when property values
229 change, animations are <i>explicitly</i> executed when the animation
230 properties are applied. Because of this, animations require explicit
231 values for the properties being animated. These values are specified using
232 animation keyframes, described below.
234 <p> Many aspects of the animation can be controlled, including how many
235 times the animation iterates, whether or not it alternates between the
236 begin and end values, and whether or not the animation should be running
237 or paused. An animation can also delay its start time.
239 <h2 id=animations><span class=secno>2. </span>Animations</h2>
241 <p> CSS Animations affect computed property values. During the execution of
242 an animation, the computed value for a property is controlled by the
243 animation. This overrides the value specified in the normal styling
244 system.
246 <p> In the case of multiple animations specifying behavior for the same
247 property, the animation defined last will override the previously defined
248 animations.
250 <p> An animation does not affect the computed value before the application
251 of the animation, before the animation delay has expired, and after the
252 end of the animation.
254 <div class=figure> <img alt="" src=sandwich.png></div>
256 <p class=caption> Computation of animated property values
258 <p> The diagram above shows how property values are computed. The intrinsic
259 style is shown at the top of the diagram. The computed value is derived
260 from intrinsic style at the times when an animation is not running and
261 also when an animation is delayed (see below for specification of
262 animation delay). During an animation, the computed style is derived from
263 the animated value.
265 <p> The start time of an animation is the latter of two moments: the time
266 at which the style is resolved that specifies the animation, or the time
267 the document's load event is fired. Therefore, an animation specified in
268 the document style sheet will begin at the document load. An animation
269 specified on an element by modifying the style after the document has
270 loaded will start when the style is resolved. That may be immediately in
271 the case of a pseudo style rule such as hover, or may be when the
272 scripting engine returns control to the browser (in the case of style
273 applied by script).
275 <p> An animation applies to an element if the element has a value for <a
276 href="#animation-name"><code class=property>'animation-name'</code></a>
277 that references a valid keyframes rule. Once an animation has started it
278 continues until it ends or the <a href="#animation-name"><code
279 class=property>'animation-name'</code></a> is removed. The values used for
280 the keyframes and animation properties are snapshotted at the time the
281 animation starts. Changing them during the execution of the animation has
282 no effect. Note also, that changing the value of <a
283 href="#animation-name"><code class=property>'animation-name'</code></a>
284 does not necessarily restart an animation (e.g., if a list of animations
285 are applied and one is removed from the list, only that animation will
286 stop; The other animations will continue). In order to restart an
287 animation, it must be removed then reapplied.
289 <p> The end of the animation is defined by the combination of the <a
290 href="#animation-duration"><code
291 class=property>'animation-duration'</code></a>, <a
292 href="#animation-iteration-count"><code
293 class=property>'animation-iteration-count'</code></a> and <a
294 href="#animation-fill-mode"><code
295 class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code></a> properties.
297 <div class=example>
298 <p style="display:none"> Example(s):</p>
300 <pre>
301 div {
302 animation-name: diagonal-slide;
303 animation-duration: 5s;
304 animation-iteration-count: 10;
305 }
307 @keyframes diagonal-slide {
309 from {
310 left: 0;
311 top: 0;
312 }
314 to {
315 left: 100px;
316 top: 100px;
317 }
319 }
321 </pre>
322 This will produce an animation that moves an element from (0, 0) to
323 (100px, 100px) over five seconds and repeats itself nine times (for a
324 total of ten iterations).</div>
326 <h2 id=keyframes><span class=secno>3. </span>Keyframes</h2>
328 <p> Keyframes are used to specify the values for the animating properties
329 at various points during the animation. The keyframes specify the behavior
330 of one cycle of the animation; the animation may iterate one or more
331 times.
333 <p> Keyframes are specified using a specialized CSS at-rule. A <code
334 class=property>@keyframes</code> rule consists of the keyword
335 "@keyframes", followed by an identifier giving a name for the animation
336 (which will be referenced using <a href="#animation-name"><code
337 class=property>'animation-name'</code></a>), followed by a set of style
338 rules (delimited by curly braces).
340 <p> The <i>keyframe selector</i> for a keyframe style rule consists of a
341 comma-separated list of percentage values or the keywords ‘<code
342 class=property>from</code>’ or ‘<code
343 class=property>to</code>’. The selector is used to specify the
344 percentage along the duration of the animation that the keyframe
345 represents. The keyframe itself is specified by the block of property
346 values declared on the selector. The keyword ‘<code
347 class=property>from</code>’ is equivalent to the value 0%. The
348 keyword ‘<code class=property>to</code>’ is equivalent to the
349 value 100%. Note that the percentage unit specifier must be used on
350 percentage values. Therefore, "0" is an invalid keyframe selector.
352 <p> If a 0% or "from" keyframe is not specified, then the user agent
353 constructs a 0% keyframe using the computed values of the properties being
354 animated. If a 100% or "to" keyframe is not specified, then the user agent
355 constructs a 100% keyframe using the computed values of the properties
356 being animated.
358 <p> The <i>keyframe declaration</i> for a keyframe rule consists of
359 properties and values. Properties that are unable to be animated are
360 ignored in these rules, with the exception of <a
361 href="#animation-timing-function"><code
362 class=property>'animation-timing-function'</code></a>, the behavior of
363 which is described below.
365 <p class=note> NOTE: describe what happens if a property is not present in
366 all keyframes.
368 <p> The @keyframes rule that is used by an animation will be the last one
369 encountered in sorted rules order that matches the name of the animation
370 specified by the <a href="#animation-name"><code
371 class=property>'animation-name'</code></a> property. <code
372 class=css>@keyframes</code> rules do not cascade; therefore an animation
373 will never derive keyframes from more than one <code
374 class=css>@keyframes</code> rule.
376 <p> To determine the set of keyframes, all of the values in the selectors
377 are sorted in increasing order by time. If there are any duplicates, then
378 the last keyframe specified inside the <code class=css>@keyframes</code>
379 rule will be used to provide the keyframe information for that time. There
380 is no cascading within a <code class=css>@keyframes</code> rule if
381 multiple keyframes specify the same keyframe selector values.
383 <p> If property is not specified for a keyframe, or is specified but
384 invalid, the animation of that property proceeds as if that keyframe did
385 not exist. Conceptually, it is as if a set of keyframes is constructed for
386 each property that is present in any of the keyframes, and an animation is
387 run independently for each property.
389 <div class=example>
390 <p style="display:none"> Example(s):</p>
392 <pre>
393 @keyframes wobble {
394 0% {
395 left: 100px;
396 }
398 40% {
399 left: 150px;
400 }
402 60% {
403 left: 75px;
404 }
406 100% {
407 left: 100px;
408 }
409 }
411 </pre>
412 Four keyframes are specified for the animation named "wobble". In the
413 first keyframe, shown at the beginning of the animation cycle, the
414 ‘<code class=property>left</code>’ value of the animation is
415 100px. By 40% of the animation duration, ‘<code
416 class=property>left</code>’ value has animated to 150px. At 60% of
417 the animation duration, the ‘<code class=property>left</code>’
418 value has animated back to 75px. At the end of the animation cycle, the
419 ‘<code class=property>left</code>’ value has returned to
420 100px. The diagram below shows the state of the animation if it were given
421 a duration of 10s.
422 <div class=figure> <img alt="" src=animation1.png></div>
424 <p class=caption> Animations states specified by keyframes</p>
425 </div>
427 <p> The following is the grammar for the keyframes rule.
429 <pre>
431 keyframes_rule: KEYFRAMES_SYM S+ IDENT S* '{' S* keyframes_blocks '}' S*;
433 keyframes_blocks: [ keyframe_selector '{' S* declaration? [ ';' S* declaration? ]* '}' S* ]* ;
435 keyframe_selector: [ FROM_SYM | TO_SYM | PERCENTAGE ] S* [ ',' S* [ FROM_SYM | TO_SYM | PERCENTAGE ] S* ]*;
437 @{K}{E}{Y}{F}{R}{A}{M}{E}{S} {return KEYFRAMES_SYM;}
438 {F}{R}{O}{M} {return FROM_SYM;}
439 {T}{O} {return TO_SYM;}
440 </pre>
441 <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
443 <h3 id=timing-functions-for-keyframes-><span class=secno>3.1. </span>
444 Timing functions for keyframes</h3>
446 <p> A keyframe style rule may also declare the timing function that is to
447 be used as the animation moves to the next keyframe.
449 <div class=example>
450 <p style="display:none"> Example(s):</p>
452 <pre>
453 @keyframes bounce {
455 from {
456 top: 100px;
457 animation-timing-function: ease-out;
458 }
460 25% {
461 top: 50px;
462 animation-timing-function: ease-in;
463 }
465 50% {
466 top: 100px;
467 animation-timing-function: ease-out;
468 }
470 75% {
471 top: 75px;
472 animation-timing-function: ease-in;
473 }
475 to {
476 top: 100px;
477 }
479 }
481 </pre>
482 Five keyframes are specified for the animation named "bounce". Between the
483 first and second keyframe (i.e., between 0% and 25%) an "ease-out" timing
484 function is used. Between the second and third keyframe (i.e., between 25%
485 and 50%) an "ease-in" timing function is used. And so on. The effect will
486 appear as an element that moves up the page 50px, slowing down as it
487 reaches its highest point then speeding up as it falls back to 100px. The
488 second half of the animation behaves in a similar manner, but only moves
489 the element 25px units up the page. A timing function specified on the
490 "to" or 100% keyframe is ignored</div>
492 <p> See <a href="#animation-timing-function_tag">the <code
493 class=property>'animation-timing-function'</code> property</a> for more
494 information.</p>
495 <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
496 <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
498 <h3 id=the-animation-name-property-><span class=secno>3.2. </span> The <a
499 href="#animation-name"><code class=property>'animation-name'</code></a>
500 Property</h3>
502 <p> The <a href="#animation-name"><code
503 class=property>'animation-name'</code></a> property defines a list of
504 animations that apply. Each name is used to select the keyframe at-rule
505 that provides the property values for the animation. If the name does not
506 match any keyframe at-rule, there are no properties to be animated and the
507 animation will not execute. Furthermore, if the animation name is
508 ‘<code class=property>none</code>’ then there will be no
509 animation. This can be used to override any animations coming from the
510 cascade. If animations are attempting to modify the same property, then
511 the animation closest to the end of the list of names wins.
513 <p> Each animation listed by name should have a corresponding value for the
514 other animation properties listed below. In the case where the other
515 properties do not have lists of the correct length, their values are
516 repeated to form a list with the same number of entries as <a
517 href="#animation-name"><code class=property>'animation-name'</code></a>.
519 <table class=propdef>
520 <tbody>
521 <tr>
522 <td> <em>Name:</em>
524 <td> <dfn id=animation-name>animation-name</dfn>
526 <tr>
527 <td> <em>Value:</em>
529 <td> none | IDENT [, [ none | IDENT ] ]*
531 <tr>
532 <td> <em>Initial:</em>
534 <td> none
536 <tr>
537 <td> <em>Applies to:</em>
539 <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
541 <tr>
542 <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
544 <td> no
546 <tr>
547 <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
549 <td> N/A
551 <tr>
552 <td> <em>Media:</em>
554 <td> visual
556 <tr>
557 <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
559 <td> Same as specified value.
560 </table>
561 <!--
562 <p>
563 It is possible for elements to have multiple animations running that change the same property or properties. In this case the animations combine in a manner defined by the property. For example, animations on <code class="property">'opacity'</code> will add together and animations on <code class="property">'transform'</code> will have their transformation matrices multiplied.
564 </p>
565 <div class="example">
566 <p style="display:none">
567 Example(s):
568 </p>
569 <pre>
570 @keyframes 'border-bloat' {
571 from {
572 border-width: 0;
573 }
574 to {
575 border-width: 10px;
576 }
577 }
579 @keyframes 'border-diet' {
580 from {
581 border-width: 4px;
582 }
583 to {
584 border-width: 2px;
585 }
586 }
588 div {
589 animation-name: 'border-bloat', 'border-diet';
590 animation-duration: 10s, 4s;
591 }
592 </pre>
593 <p>
594 The above example has two animations executing on the same property, <code class="property">'border-width'</code>. The animations are additive. That is, the
595 resulting value for the property will be the addition of the values from the
596 two animations.
597 </p>
598 <p>
599 At time '0s' the element's border will be 4px wide (0px from 'border-bloat' plus 4px from 'border-diet').
600 At time '4s' the element's border will be 6px wide (4px from 'border-bloat' plus 2px from 'border-diet').
601 At time '10s' the element's border will be 10px wide (10px from 'border-bloat' and no addition from
602 'border-diet' as it is no longer executing).
603 </p>
604 </div>
605 -->
606 <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
608 <h3 id=the-animation-duration-property-><span class=secno>3.3. </span> The
609 <a href="#animation-duration"><code
610 class=property>'animation-duration'</code></a> Property</h3>
612 <p> The <a href="#animation-duration"><code
613 class=property>'animation-duration'</code></a> property defines the length
614 of time that an animation takes to complete one cycle.
616 <table class=propdef>
617 <tbody>
618 <tr>
619 <td> <em>Name:</em>
621 <td> <dfn id=animation-duration>animation-duration</dfn>
623 <tr>
624 <td> <em>Value:</em>
626 <td> <time> [, <time>]*
628 <tr>
629 <td> <em>Initial:</em>
631 <td> 0s
633 <tr>
634 <td> <em>Applies to:</em>
636 <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
638 <tr>
639 <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
641 <td> no
643 <tr>
644 <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
646 <td> N/A
648 <tr>
649 <td> <em>Media:</em>
651 <td> visual
653 <tr>
654 <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
656 <td> Same as specified value.
657 </table>
659 <p> By default the value is ‘<code class=css>0s</code>’,
660 meaning that the animation cycle is immediate. A negative value for <a
661 href="#animation-duration"><code
662 class=property>'animation-duration'</code></a> is treated as ‘<code
663 class=css>0s</code>’. In this case <a
664 href="#animation-fill-mode"><code
665 class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code></a> still applies, so an
666 animation that fills backwards will show the value of the 0% keyframe
667 during any delay period, and an animation that fill forwards will retain
668 the value specified at the 100% keyframe, even if the animation was
669 instantaneous. Also, animation events are still fired.</p>
670 <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
672 <h3 id="animation-timing-function_tag"><span class=secno>3.4. </span> The
673 <a href="#animation-timing-function"><code
674 class=property>'animation-timing-function'</code></a> Property</h3>
676 <p> The <a href="#animation-timing-function"><code
677 class=property>'animation-timing-function'</code></a> property describes
678 how the animation will progress over one cycle of its duration. See the
679 <code class=property>'transition-timing-function'</code> property <a
680 href="#CSS3-TRANSITIONS"
681 rel=biblioentry>[CSS3-TRANSITIONS]<!--{{!CSS3-TRANSITIONS}}--></a> for a
682 complete description of timing function calculation.
684 <table class=propdef>
685 <tbody>
686 <tr>
687 <td> <em>Name:</em>
689 <td> <dfn id=animation-timing-function>animation-timing-function</dfn>
691 <tr>
692 <td> <em>Value:</em>
694 <td> ease | linear | ease-in | ease-out | ease-in-out | step-start |
695 step-end | steps(<number>[, [ start | end ] ]?) |
696 cubic-bezier(<number>, <number>, <number>,
697 <number>) [, [ ease | linear | ease-in | ease-out | ease-in-out |
698 step-start | step-end | steps(<number>[, [ start | end ] ]?) |
699 cubic-bezier(<number>, <number>, <number>,
700 <number>)] ]*
702 <tr>
703 <td> <em>Initial:</em>
705 <td> ease
707 <tr>
708 <td> <em>Applies to:</em>
710 <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
712 <tr>
713 <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
715 <td> no
717 <tr>
718 <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
720 <td> N/A
722 <tr>
723 <td> <em>Media:</em>
725 <td> visual
727 <tr>
728 <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
730 <td> Same as specified value.
731 </table>
733 <p> For a keyframed animation, the <a
734 href="#animation-timing-function"><code
735 class=property>'animation-timing-function'</code></a> applies between
736 keyframes, not over the entire animation. For example, in the case of an
737 ease-in-out timing function, an animation will ease in at the start of the
738 keyframe and ease out at the end of the keyframe. A <a
739 href="#animation-timing-function"><code
740 class=property>'animation-timing-function'</code></a> defined within a
741 keyframe block applies to that keyframe, otherwise the timing function
742 specified for the animation is used.</p>
743 <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
745 <h3 id=the-animation-iteration-count-property-><span class=secno>3.5.
746 </span> The <a href="#animation-iteration-count"><code
747 class=property>'animation-iteration-count'</code></a> Property</h3>
749 <p> The <a href="#animation-iteration-count"><code
750 class=property>'animation-iteration-count'</code></a> property defines the
751 number of times an animation cycle is played. The default value is one,
752 meaning the animation will play from beginning to end once. A value of
753 <code class=css>'infinite'</code> will cause the animation to repeat
754 forever. Non-integer numbers will cause the animation to end part-way
755 through a cycle. Negative values of <a
756 href="#animation-iteration-count"><code
757 class=property>'animation-iteration-count'</code></a> are invalid. This
758 property is often used with an <a href="#animation-direction"><code
759 class=property>'animation-direction'</code></a> value of <code
760 class=css>alternate</code>, which will cause the animation to play in
761 reverse on alternate cycles.
763 <table class=propdef>
764 <tbody>
765 <tr>
766 <td> <em>Name:</em>
768 <td> <dfn id=animation-iteration-count>animation-iteration-count</dfn>
770 <tr>
771 <td> <em>Value:</em>
773 <td> infinite | <number> [, [ infinite | <number> ] ]*
775 <tr>
776 <td> <em>Initial:</em>
778 <td> 1
780 <tr>
781 <td> <em>Applies to:</em>
783 <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
785 <tr>
786 <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
788 <td> no
790 <tr>
791 <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
793 <td> N/A
795 <tr>
796 <td> <em>Media:</em>
798 <td> visual
800 <tr>
801 <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
803 <td> Same as specified value.
804 </table>
805 <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
807 <h3 id=the-animation-direction-property-><span class=secno>3.6. </span> The
808 <a href="#animation-direction"><code
809 class=property>'animation-direction'</code></a> Property</h3>
811 <p> The <a href="#animation-direction"><code
812 class=property>'animation-direction'</code></a> property defines whether
813 or not the animation should play in reverse on some or all cycles. When an
814 animation is played in reverse the timing functions are also reversed. For
815 example, when played in reverse an ease-in animation would appear to be an
816 ease-out animation.
818 <table class=propdef>
819 <tbody>
820 <tr>
821 <td> <em>Name:</em>
823 <td> <dfn id=animation-direction>animation-direction</dfn>
825 <tr>
826 <td> <em>Value:</em>
828 <td> normal | reverse | alternate | alternate-reverse [, [ normal |
829 reverse | alternate | alternate-reverse ] ]*
831 <tr>
832 <td> <em>Initial:</em>
834 <td> normal
836 <tr>
837 <td> <em>Applies to:</em>
839 <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
841 <tr>
842 <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
844 <td> no
846 <tr>
847 <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
849 <td> N/A
851 <tr>
852 <td> <em>Media:</em>
854 <td> visual
856 <tr>
857 <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
859 <td> Same as specified value.
860 </table>
862 <dl>
863 <dt>normal
865 <dd>All iterations of the animation are played as specified.
867 <dt>reverse
869 <dd>All iterations of the animation are played in the reverse direction
870 from the way they were specified.
872 <dt>alternate
874 <dd>The animation cycle iterations that are odd counts are played in the
875 normal direction, and the animation cycle iterations that are even counts
876 are played in a reverse direction.
878 <dt>alternate-reverse
880 <dd>The animation cycle iterations that are odd counts are played in the
881 reverse direction, and the animation cycle iterations that are even
882 counts are played in a normal direction.
883 </dl>
884 <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
886 <h3 id=the-animation-play-state-property-><span class=secno>3.7. </span>
887 The <a href="#animation-play-state"><code
888 class=property>'animation-play-state'</code></a> Property</h3>
890 <p> The <a href="#animation-play-state"><code
891 class=property>'animation-play-state'</code></a> property defines whether
892 the animation is running or paused. A running animation can be paused by
893 setting this property to <code class=css>'paused'</code>. To continue
894 running a paused animation this property can be set to <code
895 class=css>'running'</code>. A paused animation will continue to display
896 the current value of the animation in a static state, as if the time of
897 the animation is constant. When a paused animation is resumed, it restarts
898 from the current value, not necessarily from the beginning of the
899 animation.
901 <table class=propdef>
902 <tbody>
903 <tr>
904 <td> <em>Name:</em>
906 <td> <dfn id=animation-play-state>animation-play-state</dfn>
908 <tr>
909 <td> <em>Value:</em>
911 <td> running | paused [, [ running | paused ] ]*
913 <tr>
914 <td> <em>Initial:</em>
916 <td> running
918 <tr>
919 <td> <em>Applies to:</em>
921 <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
923 <tr>
924 <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
926 <td> no
928 <tr>
929 <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
931 <td> N/A
933 <tr>
934 <td> <em>Media:</em>
936 <td> visual
938 <tr>
939 <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
941 <td> Same as specified value.
942 </table>
943 <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
945 <h3 id=the-animation-delay-property-><span class=secno>3.8. </span> The <a
946 href="#animation-delay"><code class=property>'animation-delay'</code></a>
947 Property</h3>
949 <p> The <a href="#animation-delay"><code
950 class=property>'animation-delay'</code></a> property defines when the
951 animation will start. It allows an animation to begin execution some time
952 after it is applied. An <a href="#animation-delay"><code
953 class=property>'animation-delay'</code></a> value of ‘<code
954 class=css>0s</code>’ means the animation will execute as soon as it
955 is applied. Otherwise, the value specifies an offset from the moment the
956 animation is applied, and the animation will delay execution by that
957 offset.
959 <p> If the value for <a href="#animation-delay"><code
960 class=property>'animation-delay'</code></a> is a negative time offset then
961 the animation will execute the moment it is applied, but will appear to
962 have begun execution at the specified offset. That is, the animation will
963 appear to begin part-way through its play cycle. In the case where an
964 animation has implied starting values and a negative <a
965 href="#animation-delay"><code class=property>'animation-delay'</code></a>,
966 the starting values are taken from the moment the animation is applied.
968 <table class=propdef>
969 <tbody>
970 <tr>
971 <td> <em>Name:</em>
973 <td> <dfn id=animation-delay>animation-delay</dfn>
975 <tr>
976 <td> <em>Value:</em>
978 <td> <time> [, <time>]*
980 <tr>
981 <td> <em>Initial:</em>
983 <td> 0s
985 <tr>
986 <td> <em>Applies to:</em>
988 <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
990 <tr>
991 <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
993 <td> no
995 <tr>
996 <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
998 <td> N/A
1000 <tr>
1001 <td> <em>Media:</em>
1003 <td> visual
1005 <tr>
1006 <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
1008 <td> Same as specified value.
1009 </table>
1010 <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
1012 <h3 id=the-animation-fill-mode-property-><span class=secno>3.9. </span> The
1013 <a href="#animation-fill-mode"><code
1014 class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code></a> Property</h3>
1016 <p> The <a href="#animation-fill-mode"><code
1017 class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code></a> property defines what
1018 values are applied by the animation outside the time it is executing. By
1019 default, an animation will not affect property values between the time it
1020 is applied (the <a href="#animation-name"><code
1021 class=property>'animation-name'</code></a> property is set on an element)
1022 and the time it begins execution (which is determined by the <a
1023 href="#animation-delay"><code class=property>'animation-delay'</code></a>
1024 property). Also, by default an animation does not affect property values
1025 after the animation ends (determined by the <a
1026 href="#animation-duration"><code
1027 class=property>'animation-duration'</code></a> property). The value of <a
1028 href="#animation-fill-mode"><code
1029 class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code></a> can override this
1030 behavior.
1032 <p> If the value for <a href="#animation-fill-mode"><code
1033 class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code></a> is <code
1034 class=css>'backwards'</code>, then the animation will apply the property
1035 values defined in its 0% or ‘<code class=property>from</code>’
1036 keyframe as soon as the animation is applied, during the period defined by
1037 <a href="#animation-delay"><code
1038 class=property>'animation-delay'</code></a>.
1040 <p> If the value for <a href="#animation-fill-mode"><code
1041 class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code></a> is <code
1042 class=css>'forwards'</code>, then the animation will apply the property
1043 values defined in its last executing keyframe after the final iteration of
1044 the animation, until the animation style is removed. The last executing
1045 keyframe is the ‘<code class=property>to</code>’ or
1046 ‘<code class=css>100%</code>’ keyframe, unless the animation
1047 has <a href="#animation-direction"><code
1048 class=property>'animation-direction'</code></a> set to <code
1049 class=css>'alternate'</code> and both a finite and even iteration count,
1050 in which case it is the ‘<code class=property>from</code>’ or
1051 ‘<code class=css>0%</code>’ keyframe.
1053 <p> If the value for <a href="#animation-fill-mode"><code
1054 class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code></a> is <code
1055 class=css>'both'</code>, then the animation will follow the rules for both
1056 ‘<code class=property>forwards</code>’ and ‘<code
1057 class=property>backwards</code>’. That is, it will extend the
1058 animation properties in both directions.
1060 <table class=propdef>
1061 <tbody>
1062 <tr>
1063 <td> <em>Name:</em>
1065 <td> <dfn id=animation-fill-mode>animation-fill-mode</dfn>
1067 <tr>
1068 <td> <em>Value:</em>
1070 <td> none | forwards | backwards | both [, [ none | forwards | backwards
1071 | both ] ]*
1073 <tr>
1074 <td> <em>Initial:</em>
1076 <td> none
1078 <tr>
1079 <td> <em>Applies to:</em>
1081 <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
1083 <tr>
1084 <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
1086 <td> no
1088 <tr>
1089 <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
1091 <td> N/A
1093 <tr>
1094 <td> <em>Media:</em>
1096 <td> visual
1098 <tr>
1099 <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
1101 <td> Same as specified value.
1102 </table>
1103 <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
1105 <h3 id=the-animation-shorthand-property-><span class=secno>3.10. </span>
1106 The <a href="#animation"><code class=property>'animation'</code></a>
1107 Shorthand Property</h3>
1109 <p> The <a href="#animation"><code class=property>'animation'</code></a>
1110 shorthand property combines seven of the animation properties into a
1111 single property.
1113 <p> Note that order is important in this property. The first value that can
1114 be parsed as a time is assigned to the animation-duration. The second
1115 value that can be parsed as a time is assigned to animation-delay.
1117 <p class=issue> An alternative proposal is to accept the font shorthand
1118 approach of using a "/" character between the values of the same type.
1119 e.g. 2s/4s would mean a duration of 2 seconds and a delay of 4 seconds.
1121 <table class=propdef>
1122 <tbody>
1123 <tr>
1124 <td> <em>Name:</em>
1126 <td> <dfn id=animation>animation</dfn>
1128 <tr>
1129 <td> <em>Value:</em>
1131 <td> [<animation-name> || <animation-duration> ||
1132 <animation-timing-function> || <animation-delay> ||
1133 <animation-iteration-count> || <animation-direction> ||
1134 <animation-fill-mode>] [, [<animation-name> ||
1135 <animation-duration> || <animation-timing-function> ||
1136 <animation-delay> || <animation-iteration-count> ||
1137 <animation-direction> || <animation-fill-mode>] ]*
1139 <tr>
1140 <td> <em>Initial:</em>
1142 <td> see individual properties
1144 <tr>
1145 <td> <em>Applies to:</em>
1147 <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
1149 <tr>
1150 <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
1152 <td> no
1154 <tr>
1155 <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
1157 <td> N/A
1159 <tr>
1160 <td> <em>Media:</em>
1162 <td> visual
1164 <tr>
1165 <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
1167 <td> Same as specified value.
1168 </table>
1169 <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
1171 <h2 id=animation-events-><span class=secno>4. </span> Animation Events</h2>
1173 <p> Several animation related events are available through the <a
1174 href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Events/events.html">DOM Event
1175 system</a>. The start and end of an animation, and the end of each
1176 iteration of an animation all generate DOM events. An element can have
1177 multiple properties being animated simultaneously. This can occur either
1178 with a single <a href="#animation-name"><code
1179 class=property>animation-name</code></a> value with keyframes containing
1180 multiple properties, or with multiple <a href="#animation-name"><code
1181 class=property>animation-name</code></a> values. For the purposes of
1182 events, each <a href="#animation-name"><code
1183 class=property>animation-name</code></a> specifies a single animation.
1184 Therefore an event will be generated for each <a
1185 href="#animation-name"><code class=property>animation-name</code></a>
1186 value and not necessarily for each property being animated.
1188 <p> The time the animation has been running is sent with each event
1189 generated. This allows the event handler to determine the current
1190 iteration of a looping animation or the current position of an alternating
1191 animation. This time does not include any time the animation was in the
1192 <code>paused</code> play state.
1194 <dl>
1195 <dt> <b>Interface <i><a id=Events-AnimationEvent
1196 name=Events-AnimationEvent>AnimationEvent</a></i></b>
1198 <dd>
1199 <p> The <code>AnimationEvent</code> interface provides specific
1200 contextual information associated with Animation events.</p>
1202 <dl>
1203 <dt> <br>
1204 <b>IDL Definition</b>
1206 <dd>
1207 <div class=idl-code>
1208 <pre>
1209 interface AnimationEvent : Event {
1210 readonly attribute DOMString animationName;
1211 readonly attribute float elapsedTime;
1212 void initAnimationEvent(in DOMString typeArg,
1213 in boolean canBubbleArg,
1214 in boolean cancelableArg,
1215 in DOMString animationNameArg,
1216 in float elapsedTimeArg);
1217 };
1218 </pre>
1219 </div>
1221 <dt> <b>Attributes</b>
1223 <dd>
1224 <dl>
1225 <dt> <code class=attribute-name><a
1226 id=Events-AnimationEvent-animationName
1227 name=Events-AnimationEvent-animationName>animationName</a></code> of
1228 type <code>DOMString</code>, readonly
1230 <dd> The value of the <a href="#animation-name"><code
1231 class=property>animation-name</code></a> property of the animation
1232 that fired the event.
1233 </dl>
1235 <dl>
1236 <dt> <code class=attribute-name><a
1237 id=Events-AnimationEvent-elapsedTime
1238 name=Events-AnimationEvent-elapsedTime>elapsedTime</a></code> of type
1239 <code>float</code>, readonly
1241 <dd> The amount of time the animation has been running, in seconds,
1242 when this event fired, excluding any time the animation was paused.
1243 For an "animationstart" event, the elapsedTime is zero unless there
1244 was a negative value for <a href="#animation-delay"><code
1245 class=property>animation-delay</code></a>, in which case the event
1246 will be fired with an elapsedTime of (-1 * delay).
1247 </dl>
1249 <dt> <b>Methods</b>
1251 <dd>
1252 <dl>
1253 <dt> <code class=method-name><a
1254 id=Events-AnimationEvent-initAnimationEvent
1255 name=Events-AnimtionEvent-initAnimationEvent>initAnimationEvent</a></code>
1258 <dd>
1259 <div class=method> The <code>initAnimationEvent</code> method is used
1260 to initialize the value of an <code>AnimationEvent</code> created
1261 through the <a
1262 href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Events/events.html#Events-DocumentEvent"><code>DocumentEvent</code></a>
1263 interface. This method may only be called before the
1264 <code>AnimationEvent</code> has been dispatched via the
1265 <code>dispatchEvent</code> method, though it may be called multiple
1266 times during that phase if necessary. If called multiple times, the
1267 final invocation takes precedence.
1268 <div class=parameters> <b>Parameters</b>
1269 <div class=paramtable>
1270 <dl>
1271 <dt> <code class=parameter-name>typeArg</code> of type
1272 <code>DOMString</code>
1274 <dd> Specifies the event type.<br>
1276 <dt> <code class=parameter-name>canBubbleArg</code> of type
1277 <code>boolean</code>
1279 <dd> Specifies whether or not the event can bubble.<br>
1281 <dt> <code class=parameter-name>cancelableArg</code> of type
1282 <code>boolean</code>
1284 <dd> Specifies whether or not the event's default action can be
1285 prevented.
1287 <dt> <code class=parameter-name>animationNameArg</code> of type
1288 <code>DOMString</code>
1290 <dd> Specifies the <a
1291 href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Events/events.html#Events-Event"><code>Event</code></a>‘<code
1292 class=css>s animation name.<br>
1293 </code>
1295 <dt> <code class=parameter-name>elapsedTimeArg</code> of type
1296 <code>float</code>
1298 <dd> Specifies the amount of time, in seconds, the animation has
1299 been running at the time of initialization.
1300 </dl>
1301 </div>
1302 </div>
1303 <!-- parameters -->
1304 <div> <b>No Return Value</b></div>
1306 <div> <b>No Exceptions</b></div>
1307 </div>
1308 <!-- method -->
1309 </dl>
1310 </dl>
1311 </dl>
1313 <p> The different types of Animation events that can occur are:
1315 <dl>
1316 <dt> <b>animationstart</b>
1318 <dd> The ’animationstart' event occurs at the start of the
1319 animation. If there is an <a href="#animation-delay"><code
1320 class=property>animation-delay</code></a> then this event will fire once
1321 the delay period has expired. A negative delay will cause the event to
1322 fire with an elapsedTime equal to the absolute value of the delay.
1323 <ul>
1324 <li>Bubbles: Yes
1326 <li>Cancelable: No
1328 <li>Context Info: animationName
1329 </ul>
1331 <dt> <b>animationend</b>
1333 <dd> The ‘<code class=property>animationend</code>’ event
1334 occurs when the animation finishes.
1335 <ul>
1336 <li>Bubbles: Yes
1338 <li>Cancelable: No
1340 <li>Context Info: animationName, elapsedTime
1341 </ul>
1343 <dt> <b>animationiteration</b>
1345 <dd> The ‘<code class=property>animationiteration</code>’
1346 event occurs at the end of each iteration of an animation for which <a
1347 href="#animation-iteration-count"><code>animation-iteration-count</code></a>
1348 is greater than one. This event does not occur for animations with an
1349 iteration count of one.
1350 <ul>
1351 <li>Bubbles: Yes
1353 <li>Cancelable: No
1355 <li>Context Info: animationName, elapsedTime
1356 </ul>
1357 </dl>
1358 <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
1360 <h2 id=dom-interfaces-><span class=secno>5. </span> DOM Interfaces</h2>
1362 <p> CSS animation is exposed to the CSSOM through a pair of new interfaces
1363 describing the keyframes.
1365 <dl>
1366 <dt> <b>Interface <i><a id=DOM-CSSRule
1367 name=DOM-CSSRule>CSSRule</a></i></b>
1369 <dd>
1370 <p> The following 2 rule types are added to the <code>CSSRule</code>
1371 interface. They provide identification for the new keyframe and
1372 keyframes rules.</p>
1374 <dl>
1375 <dt> <b>IDL Definition</b>
1377 <dd>
1378 <div class=idl-code>
1379 <pre>
1380 interface CSSRule {
1381 ...
1382 const unsigned short KEYFRAMES_RULE = 7;
1383 const unsigned short KEYFRAME_RULE = 8;
1384 ...
1385 };</pre>
1386 </div>
1387 </dd>
1388 <!-- IDL -->
1389 </dl>
1391 <dt> <b>Interface <i><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframeRule
1392 name=DOM-CSSKeyframeRule>CSSKeyframeRule</a></i></b>
1394 <dd>
1395 <p> The <code>CSSKeyframeRule</code> interface represents the style rule
1396 for a single key.</p>
1398 <dl>
1399 <dt> <br>
1400 <b>IDL Definition</b>
1402 <dd>
1403 <div class=idl-code>
1404 <pre>
1405 interface CSSKeyframeRule : CSSRule {
1406 attribute DOMString keyText;
1407 readonly attribute CSSStyleDeclaration style;
1408 };
1409 </pre>
1410 </div>
1411 <br>
1413 <dt> <b>Attributes</b>
1415 <dd>
1416 <dl>
1417 <dt> <code class=attribute-name><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframeRule-keyText
1418 name=DOM-CSSKeyframeRule-keyText>keyText</a></code> of type
1419 <code>DOMString</code>
1421 <dd> This attribute represents the key as the string representation of
1422 a floating point number between 0 and 1. If the value in the CSS
1423 style is <code>from</code> this value will be 0, and if the value in
1424 the CSS style is <code>to</code> this value will be 1.<br>
1425 </dl>
1427 <dd>
1428 <dl>
1429 <dt> <code class=attribute-name><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframeRule-style
1430 name=DOM-CSSKeyframeRule-style>style</a></code> of type
1431 <code>CSSStyleDeclaration</code>
1433 <dd> This attribute represents the style associated with this
1434 keyframe.<br>
1435 </dl>
1437 <dt> <b>No Methods</b>
1438 </dl>
1439 </dl>
1441 <dl>
1442 <dt> <b>Interface <i><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule
1443 name=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule>CSSKeyframesRule</a></i></b>
1445 <dd>
1446 <p> The <code>CSSKeyframesRule</code> interface represents a complete set
1447 of keyframes for a single animation.</p>
1449 <dl>
1450 <dt> <br>
1451 <b>IDL Definition</b>
1453 <dd>
1454 <div class=idl-code>
1455 <pre>
1456 interface CSSKeyframesRule : CSSRule {
1457 attribute DOMString name;
1458 readonly attribute CSSRuleList cssRules;
1460 void appendRule(in DOMString rule);
1461 void deleteRule(in DOMString key);
1462 CSSKeyframeRule findRule(in DOMString key);
1463 };
1464 </pre>
1465 </div>
1466 <br>
1468 <dt> <b>Attributes</b>
1470 <dd>
1471 <dl>
1472 <dt> <code class=attribute-name><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule-name
1473 name=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule-name>name</a></code> of type
1474 <code>DOMString</code>
1476 <dd> This attribute is the name of the keyframes, used by the <a
1477 href="#animation-name"><code>animation-name</code></a> property.<br>
1478 </dl>
1480 <dd>
1481 <dl>
1482 <dt> <code class=attribute-name><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframeRules-cssRules
1483 name=DOM-CSSKeyframeRules-cssRules>cssRules</a></code> of type
1484 <code>CSSRuleList</code>
1486 <dd> This attribute gives access to the keyframes in the list.<br>
1487 </dl>
1489 <dt> <b>Methods</b>
1491 <dd>
1492 <dl><!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
1494 <dt> <code class=method-name><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule-appendRule
1495 name=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule-appendRule>appendRule</a></code>
1497 <dd>
1498 <div class=method> The <code>appendRule</code> method appends the
1499 passed CSSKeyframeRule into the list at the passed key.
1500 <div class=parameters> <b>Parameters</b>
1501 <div class=paramtable>
1502 <dl>
1503 <dt> <code class=parameter-name>rule</code> of type
1504 <code>DOMString</code>
1506 <dd> The rule to be appended, expressed in the same syntax as one
1507 entry in the <code>@keyframes</code> rule.
1508 </dl>
1509 </div>
1510 </div>
1511 <!-- parameters -->
1512 <div class=return-value> <b>No Return Value</b></div>
1514 <div> <b>No Exceptions</b></div>
1515 </div>
1516 <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
1519 <dt> <code class=method-name><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule-deleteRule
1520 name=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule-deleteRule>deleteRule</a></code>
1522 <dd>
1523 <div class=method> The <code>deleteRule</code> method deletes the
1524 CSSKeyframeRule with the passed key. If a rule with this key does
1525 not exist, the method does nothing.
1526 <div class=parameters> <b>Parameters</b>
1527 <div class=paramtable>
1528 <dl>
1529 <dt> <code class=parameter-name>key</code> of type
1530 <code>DOMString</code>
1532 <dd> The key which describes the rule to be deleted. The key must
1533 resolve to a number between 0 and 1, or the rule is ignored.<br>
1534 </dl>
1535 </div>
1536 </div>
1537 <!-- parameters -->
1538 <div class=return-value> <b>No Return Value</b></div>
1540 <div> <b>No Exceptions</b></div>
1541 </div>
1542 <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
1545 <dt> <code class=method-name><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule-findRule
1546 name=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule-findRule>findRule</a></code>
1548 <dd>
1549 <div class=method> The <code>findRule</code> method returns the rule
1550 with a key matching the passed key. If no such rule exists, a null
1551 value is returned.
1552 <div class=parameters> <b>Parameters</b>
1553 <div class=paramtable>
1554 <dl>
1555 <dt> <code class=parameter-name>key</code> of type
1556 <code>DOMString</code>
1558 <dd> The key which described the rule to find. The key must
1559 resolve to a number between 0 and 1, or the rule is ignored.<br>
1560 </dl>
1561 </div>
1562 </div>
1563 <!-- parameters -->
1564 <div class=return-value> <b>Return Value</b>
1565 <div class=returnvalue>
1566 <dl>
1567 <dt> <code>CSSKeyframeRule</code>
1569 <dd> The found rule.<br>
1570 </dl>
1571 </div>
1572 </div>
1574 <div> <b>No Exceptions</b></div>
1575 </div>
1576 <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
1578 </dl>
1579 <!-- method -->
1580 </dl>
1581 </dl>
1583 <h2 id=acknowledgments><span class=secno>6. </span>Acknowledgments</h2>
1585 <p>Thanks especially to the feedback from Estelle Weyl and all the rest of
1586 the <a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/">www-style</a>
1587 community.
1589 <h2 id=references><span class=secno>7. </span>References</h2>
1591 <h3 class=no-num id=normative-references>Normative references</h3>
1592 <!--begin-normative-->
1593 <!-- Sorted by label -->
1595 <dl class=bibliography>
1596 <dt style="display: none"><!-- keeps the doc valid if the DL is empty -->
1597 <!---->
1599 <dt id=CSS3-TRANSITIONS>[CSS3-TRANSITIONS]
1601 <dd>Dean Jackson; et al. <a
1602 href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-css3-transitions-20091201"><cite>CSS
1603 Transitions Module Level 3.</cite></a> 1 December 2009. W3C Working
1604 Draft. (Work in progress.) URL: <a
1605 href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-css3-transitions-20091201">http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-css3-transitions-20091201</a>
1606 </dd>
1607 <!---->
1608 </dl>
1609 <!--end-normative-->
1611 <h3 class=no-num id=other-references>Other references</h3>
1612 <!--begin-informative-->
1613 <!-- Sorted by label -->
1615 <dl class=bibliography>
1616 <dt style="display: none"><!-- keeps the doc valid if the DL is empty -->
1617 <!---->
1618 </dl>
1619 <!--end-informative-->
1621 <h2 class=no-num id=property-index>Property index</h2>
1622 <!--begin-properties-->
1624 <table class=proptable>
1625 <thead>
1626 <tr>
1627 <th>Property
1629 <th>Values
1631 <th>Initial
1633 <th>Applies to
1635 <th>Inh.
1637 <th>Percentages
1639 <th>Media
1641 <tbody>
1642 <tr>
1643 <th><a class=property href="#animation">animation</a>
1645 <td>[<animation-name> || <animation-duration> ||
1646 <animation-timing-function> || <animation-delay> ||
1647 <animation-iteration-count> || <animation-direction> ||
1648 <animation-fill-mode>] [, [<animation-name> ||
1649 <animation-duration> || <animation-timing-function> ||
1650 <animation-delay> || <animation-iteration-count> ||
1651 <animation-direction> || <animation-fill-mode>] ]*
1653 <td>see individual properties
1655 <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
1657 <td>no
1659 <td>N/A
1661 <td>visual
1663 <tr>
1664 <th><a class=property href="#animation-delay">animation-delay</a>
1666 <td><time> [, <time>]*
1668 <td>0s
1670 <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
1672 <td>no
1674 <td>N/A
1676 <td>visual
1678 <tr>
1679 <th><a class=property
1680 href="#animation-direction">animation-direction</a>
1682 <td>normal | reverse | alternate | alternate-reverse [, [ normal |
1683 reverse | alternate | alternate-reverse ] ]*
1685 <td>normal
1687 <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
1689 <td>no
1691 <td>N/A
1693 <td>visual
1695 <tr>
1696 <th><a class=property href="#animation-duration">animation-duration</a>
1698 <td><time> [, <time>]*
1700 <td>0s
1702 <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
1704 <td>no
1706 <td>N/A
1708 <td>visual
1710 <tr>
1711 <th><a class=property
1712 href="#animation-fill-mode">animation-fill-mode</a>
1714 <td>none | forwards | backwards | both [, [ none | forwards | backwards
1715 | both ] ]*
1717 <td>none
1719 <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
1721 <td>no
1723 <td>N/A
1725 <td>visual
1727 <tr>
1728 <th><a class=property
1729 href="#animation-iteration-count">animation-iteration-count</a>
1731 <td>infinite | <number> [, [ infinite | <number> ] ]*
1733 <td>1
1735 <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
1737 <td>no
1739 <td>N/A
1741 <td>visual
1743 <tr>
1744 <th><a class=property href="#animation-name">animation-name</a>
1746 <td>none | IDENT [, [ none | IDENT ] ]*
1748 <td>none
1750 <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
1752 <td>no
1754 <td>N/A
1756 <td>visual
1758 <tr>
1759 <th><a class=property
1760 href="#animation-play-state">animation-play-state</a>
1762 <td>running | paused [, [ running | paused ] ]*
1764 <td>running
1766 <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
1768 <td>no
1770 <td>N/A
1772 <td>visual
1774 <tr>
1775 <th><a class=property
1776 href="#animation-timing-function">animation-timing-function</a>
1778 <td>ease | linear | ease-in | ease-out | ease-in-out | step-start |
1779 step-end | steps(<number>[, [ start | end ] ]?) |
1780 cubic-bezier(<number>, <number>, <number>,
1781 <number>) [, [ ease | linear | ease-in | ease-out | ease-in-out |
1782 step-start | step-end | steps(<number>[, [ start | end ] ]?) |
1783 cubic-bezier(<number>, <number>, <number>,
1784 <number>)] ]*
1786 <td>ease
1788 <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
1790 <td>no
1792 <td>N/A
1794 <td>visual
1795 </table>
1796 <!--end-properties-->
1798 <h2 class=no-num id=index>Index</h2>
1799 <!--begin-index-->
1801 <ul class=indexlist>
1802 <li>animation, <a href="#animation"
1803 title=animation><strong>3.10.</strong></a>
1805 <li>animation-delay, <a href="#animation-delay"
1806 title=animation-delay><strong>3.8.</strong></a>
1808 <li>animation-direction, <a href="#animation-direction"
1809 title=animation-direction><strong>3.6.</strong></a>
1811 <li>animation-duration, <a href="#animation-duration"
1812 title=animation-duration><strong>3.3.</strong></a>
1814 <li>animation-fill-mode, <a href="#animation-fill-mode"
1815 title=animation-fill-mode><strong>3.9.</strong></a>
1817 <li>animation-iteration-count, <a href="#animation-iteration-count"
1818 title=animation-iteration-count><strong>3.5.</strong></a>
1820 <li>animation-name, <a href="#animation-name"
1821 title=animation-name><strong>3.2.</strong></a>
1823 <li>animation-play-state, <a href="#animation-play-state"
1824 title=animation-play-state><strong>3.7.</strong></a>
1826 <li>animation-timing-function, <a href="#animation-timing-function"
1827 title=animation-timing-function><strong>3.4.</strong></a>
1828 </ul>
1829 <!--end-index-->
1830 </html>
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