drafts: css3-exclusions/Overview.html@f0fc441a0906 (annotated)

css3-exclusions/Overview.html@f0fc441a0906 (annotated)

css3-exclusions/Overview.html

Mon, 21 Jan 2013 17:02:00 -0800

author: Alan Stearns <stearns@adobe.com>
date: Mon, 21 Jan 2013 17:02:00 -0800
changeset 7201: f0fc441a0906
parent 7180: bc6c672f2a33
permissions: -rwxr-xr-x

[css-exclusions] start/end consistency (bug 16437)

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    <h1 id=css-exclusions-module>CSS Exclusions and Shapes Module Level 3</h1>
    <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=longstatus-date>Editor's Draft 22 January
 </h2>
    <dl>
     <dt>This version:
     <dd><a
      href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-exclusions/">http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-exclusions/</a></dd>
     <!--<dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/ED-css3-exclusions-20130122/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/WD-css3-exclusions-20130122/</a></dd>-->
     <dt>Latest version:
     <dd><a
      href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-exclusions/">http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-exclusions/</a>
     <dt>Editor's Draft:
     <dd><a
      href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-exclusions/">http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-exclusions/</a>
     <dt>Previous version:
     <dd>None
     <dt>Editors:
     <dd class=vcard><span class=fn>Vincent Hardy</span>, <span
      class=org>Adobe Systems, Inc.</span>, <span
      class=email>vhardy@adobe.com</span>
     <dd class=vcard><span class=fn>Rossen Atanassov</span>, <span
      class=org>Microsoft Corporation</span>, <span
      class=email>ratan@microsoft.com</span>
     <dd class=vcard><span class=fn>Alan Stearns</span>, <span class=org>Adobe
      Systems, Inc.</span>, <span class=email>stearns@adobe.com</span>
     <dt>Issues List:
     <dd><a
      href="https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/buglist.cgi?query_format=advanced&amp;product=CSS&amp;component=Exclusions&amp;resolution=---&amp;cmdtype=doit">in
      Bugzilla</a>
     <dt>Discussion:
     <dd><a
      href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/">www-style@w3.org</a>
      with subject line "<code>[css3-exclusions] message topic</code>"
    </dl>
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     title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr></a><sup>®</sup> (<a
     href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><abbr
     title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr></a>, <a
     href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><abbr
     title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr></a>,
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   <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=abstract>Abstract</h2>
   <p> CSS Exclusions define arbitrary areas around which <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/visuren.html#inline-boxes">inline
    content</a> (<a href="#CSS21"
    rel=biblioentry>[CSS21]<!--{{!CSS21}}--></a>) content can flow. CSS
    Exclusions can be defined on any CSS block-level elements. CSS Exclusions
    extend the notion of content wrapping previously limited to floats.
   <p>CSS Shapes control the geometric shapes used for wrapping inline flow
    content outside or inside an element. CSS Shapes can be applied to any
    element. A circle shape on a float will cause inline content to wrap
    around the circle shape instead of the float's bounding box.
   <p>Combining CSS Exclusions and CSS Shapes allows sophisticated layouts,
    allowing interactions between shapes in complex positioning schemes.
   <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=status>Status of this document</h2>
   <!--begin-status-->
   <p>This is a public copy of the editors' draft. It is provided for
    discussion only and may change at any moment. Its publication here does
    not imply endorsement of its contents by W3C. Don't cite this document
    other than as work in progress.
   <p>The (<a
    href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/">archived</a>) public
    mailing list <a
    href="mailto:www-style@w3.org?Subject=%5Bcss3-exclusions%5D%20PUT%20SUBJECT%20HERE">
    www-style@w3.org</a> (see <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/Mail/Request">instructions</a>) is preferred for
    discussion of this specification. When sending e-mail, please put the text
    “css3-exclusions” in the subject, preferably like this:
    “[<!---->css3-exclusions<!---->] <em>…summary of comment…</em>”
   <p>This document was produced by the <a href="/Style/CSS/members">CSS
    Working Group</a> (part of the <a href="/Style/">Style Activity</a>).
   <p>This document was produced by a group operating under the <a
    href="/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February 2004 W3C Patent
    Policy</a>. W3C maintains a <a href="/2004/01/pp-impl/32061/status"
    rel=disclosure>public list of any patent disclosures</a> made in
    connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes
    instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual
    knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains <a
    href="/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential
    Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with <a
    href="/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section 6 of the
    W3C Patent Policy</a>.</p>
   <!--end-status-->
   <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=contents>Table of contents</h2>
   <!--begin-toc-->
   <ul class=toc>
    <li><a href="#intro"><span class=secno>1. </span>Introduction</a>
    <li><a href="#definitions"><span class=secno>2. </span>Definitions</a>
    <li><a href="#exclusions"><span class=secno>3. </span>Exclusions</a>
     <ul class=toc>
      <li><a href="#declaring-exclusions"><span class=secno>3.1.
       </span>Declaring exclusions</a>
       <ul class=toc>
        <li><a href="#wrap-flow-property"><span class=secno>3.1.1. </span>The
         ‘<code class=property>wrap-flow</code>’ property</a>
       </ul>
      <li><a href="#scope-and-effect-of-exclusions"><span class=secno>3.2.
       </span>Scope and effect of exclusions</a>
      <li><a href="#propagation-of-exclusions"><span class=secno>3.3.
       </span>Propagation of Exclusions</a>
       <ul class=toc>
        <li><a href="#wrap-through-property"><span class=secno>3.3.1.
         </span>The ‘<code class=property>wrap-through</code>’
         Property</a>
       </ul>
      <li><a href="#exclusions-order"><span class=secno>3.4. </span>Exclusions
       order</a>
      <li><a href="#exclusions-processing-model"><span class=secno>3.5.
       </span>Processing model</a>
       <ul class=toc>
        <li><a href="#exclusions-processing-model-description"><span
         class=secno>3.5.1. </span>Description</a>
        <li><a
         href="#step-1-resolve-exclusion-boxes-belonging-to-each-wrapping-context"><span
         class=secno>3.5.2. </span>Step 1: resolve exclusion boxes belonging
         to each <span>wrapping context</span></a>
        <li><a
         href="#step-2-resolve-wrapping-contexts-layout-containing-blocks"><span
         class=secno>3.5.3. </span>Step 2: resolve wrapping contexts and lay
         out containing blocks</a>
        <li><a href="#step-2-A-resolve-exclusions-position-and-size"><span
         class=secno>3.5.4. </span>Step 2-A: resolve the position and size of
         exclusion boxes</a>
        <li><a
         href="#step-2-B-layout-containing-block-applying-wrapping"><span
         class=secno>3.5.5. </span>Step 2-B: lay out containing block applying
         wrapping</a>
        <li><a href="#exclusions-processing-model-example"><span
         class=secno>3.5.6. </span>Example</a>
         <ul class=toc>
          <li><a href="#step-1-resolve-exclusion-boxes-belonging"><span
           class=secno>3.5.6.1. </span>Step 1: resolve exclusion boxes
           belonging to each <span>wrapping context</span></a>
          <li><a href="#step-2-resolve-wrapping-contexts-and-lay"><span
           class=secno>3.5.6.2. </span>Step 2: resolve wrapping contexts and
           lay out containing blocks</a>
           <ul class=toc>
            <li><a href="#resolving-rwc-1"><span class=secno>3.5.6.2.1.
             </span>Resolving RWC-1</a>
            <li><a href="#resolving-rwc-2"><span class=secno>3.5.6.2.2.
             </span>Resolving RWC-2</a>
           </ul>
         </ul>
       </ul>
      <li><a href="#floats-and-exclusions"><span class=secno>3.6.
       </span>Floats and exclusions</a>
       <ul class=toc>
        <li><a href="#floats-and-exclusions-similarities"><span
         class=secno>3.6.1. </span>Similarities</a>
        <li><a href="#floats-and-exclusions-differences"><span
         class=secno>3.6.2. </span>Differences</a>
        <li><a href="#floats-and-exclusions-interoperability"><span
         class=secno>3.6.3. </span>Interoperability</a>
         <ul class=toc>
          <li><a href="#effect-of-floats-on-exclusions"><span
           class=secno>3.6.3.1. </span>Effect of floats on exclusions</a>
          <li><a href="#effect-of-exclusions-on-floats"><span
           class=secno>3.6.3.2. </span>Effect of exclusions on floats</a>
         </ul>
       </ul>
     </ul>
    <li><a href="#shapes"><span class=secno>4. </span>Shapes</a>
     <ul class=toc>
      <li><a href="#relation-to-box-model-and-float-behavior"><span
       class=secno>4.1. </span>Relation to the box model and float
       behavior</a>
      <li><a href="#basic-shapes-from-svg-syntax"><span class=secno>4.2.
       </span>Basic Shapes</a>
       <ul class=toc>
        <li><a href="#supported-basic-shapes"><span class=secno>4.2.1.
         </span>Supported Shapes</a>
        <li><a href="#referencing-svg-shapes"><span class=secno>4.2.2.
         </span>Referencing SVG shapes</a>
        <li><a href="#basic-shape-interpolation"><span class=secno>4.2.3.
         </span>Interpolation of Basic Shapes</a>
       </ul>
      <li><a href="#shapes-from-image"><span class=secno>4.3. </span>Shapes
       from Image</a>
      <li><a href="#declaring-shapes"><span class=secno>4.4. </span>Declaring
       Shapes</a>
       <ul class=toc>
        <li><a href="#shape-outside-property"><span class=secno>4.4.1.
         </span>The ‘<code class=property>shape-outside</code>’
         Property</a>
        <li><a href="#shape-inside-property"><span class=secno>4.4.2.
         </span>The ‘<code class=property>shape-inside</code>’
         Property</a>
        <li><a href="#shape-image-threshold-property"><span class=secno>4.4.3.
         </span>The ‘<code class=property>shape-image-threshold</code>’
         Property</a>
        <li><a href="#shape-margin-property"><span class=secno>4.4.4.
         </span>The ‘<code class=property>shape-margin</code>’
         property</a>
        <li><a href="#shape-padding-property"><span class=secno>4.4.5.
         </span>The ‘<code class=property>shape-padding</code>’
         Property</a>
       </ul>
     </ul>
    <li><a href="#conformance"><span class=secno>5. </span>Conformance</a>
     <ul class=toc>
      <li><a href="#conventions"><span class=secno>5.1. </span>Document
       Conventions</a>
      <li><a href="#conformance-classes"><span class=secno>5.2.
       </span>Conformance Classes</a>
      <li><a href="#partial"><span class=secno>5.3. </span> Partial
       Implementations</a>
      <li><a href="#experimental"><span class=secno>5.4. </span> Experimental
       Implementations</a>
      <li><a href="#testing"><span class=secno>5.5. </span> Non-Experimental
       Implementations</a>
      <li><a href="#cr-exit-criteria"><span class=secno>5.6. </span> CR Exit
       Criteria</a>
     </ul>
    <li class=no-num><a href="#acknowledgments">Acknowledgments</a>
    <li class=no-num><a href="#references">References</a>
     <ul class=toc>
      <li class=no-num><a href="#normative-references">Normative
       references</a>
      <li class=no-num><a href="#other-references">Other references</a>
     </ul>
    <li class=no-num><a href="#index">Index</a>
    <li class=no-num><a href="#property-index">Property index</a>
    <li class=no-num><a href="#change-log">Change Log</a>
     <ul class=toc>
      <li><a href="#since-may-3rd-2012"><span class=secno>5.7. </span>Since
       May 3rd 2012</a>
      <li><a href="#since-december-13th-2011"><span class=secno>5.8.
       </span>Since December 13th 2011</a>
     </ul>
   </ul>
   <!--end-toc-->
   <h2 id=intro><span class=secno>1. </span>Introduction</h2>
   <p><em>This section is not normative.</em>
   <p> The exclusions section of this specification defines features that
    allow inline flow content to wrap around outside the <a
    href="#exclusion-area">exclusion area</a> of elements.
   <p> The shapes section of the specification defines properties to control
    the geometry of an element's <a href="#exclusion-area">exclusion area</a>
    as well as the geometry used for wrapping an element's inline flow
    content.
   <h2 id=definitions><span class=secno>2. </span>Definitions</h2>
   <p><dfn id=exclusion-box>Exclusion box</dfn>
   <p> A <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-box/">box</a> (<a href="#CSS3BOX"
    rel=biblioentry>[CSS3BOX]<!--{{!CSS3BOX}}--></a>) that defines an <a
    href="#exclusion-area">exclusion area</a> for other boxes. The ‘<a
    href="#wrap-flow"><code class=property>wrap-flow</code></a>’ property is
    used to make an element's generated box an exclusion box. An exclusion box
    contributes its <a href="#exclusion-area">exclusion area</a> to its <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/visudet.html#containing-block-details">
    containing block's</a> <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>.
    An element with a ‘<code class=property>float</code>’ computed value
    other than ‘<code class=property>none</code>’ does not become an
    exclusion.
   <p><dfn id=exclusion-area>Exclusion area</dfn>
   <p> The area used for excluding inline flow content around an exclusion
    box. The <a href="#exclusion-area">exclusion area</a> is equivalent to the
    <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/box.html#box-dimensions"> border
    box</a>. This specification's ‘<a href="#shape-outside"><code
    class=property>shape-outside</code></a>’ property can be used to define
    arbitrary, non-rectangular <a href="#exclusion-area">exclusion areas</a>.
   <p><dfn id=float-area>Float area</dfn>
   <p> The area used for excluding inline flow content around a float element.
    By default, the float area is the float element's <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/box.html#box-dimensions">margin box</a>.
    This specification's ‘<a href="#shape-outside"><code
    class=property>shape-outside</code></a>’ property can be used to define
    arbitrary, non-rectangular float areas.
   <p><dfn id=exclusion-element>Exclusion element</dfn>
   <p>An block-level element which is not a float and generates an <a
    href="#exclusion-box">exclusion box</a>. An element generates an exclusion
    box when its ‘<a href="#wrap-flow"><code
    class=property>wrap-flow</code></a>’ property's computed value is not
    ‘<code class=property>auto</code>’.
   <p><dfn id=wrapping-context>Wrapping context</dfn>
   <div class=issue-marker data-bug_id=15086 data-bug_status=NEW> <a
    href="https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=15086">Issue-15086</a>
    <div class=issue-details>
     <p class=short-desc>should the wrapping context be generic and include
      floats?
    </div>
   </div>
   <p> The <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a> of a box is a
    collection of <a href="#exclusion-area">exclusion areas</a> contributed by
    its associated <a href="#exclusion-box">exclusion boxes</a>. During
    layout, a box wraps its inline flow content in the area that corresponds
    to the subtraction of its <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>
    from its own <a href="#content-area">content area</a>.
   <p> A box inherits its <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/visudet.html#containing-block-details">containing
    block's</a> <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a> unless it
    specifically resets it using the ‘<a href="#wrap-through"><code
    class=property>wrap-through</code></a>’ property.
   <p><dfn id=content-area>Content area</dfn>
   <p> The area used for layout of the inline flow content of a box. By
    default the area is equivalent to the <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/box.html#box-dimensions">content box</a>.
    This specification's ‘<a href="#shape-inside"><code
    class=property>shape-inside</code></a>’ property can define arbitrary,
    non-rectangular content areas.
   <div class=issue-marker data-bug_id=15089 data-bug_status=NEW> <a
    href="https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=15089">Issue-15089</a>
    <div class=issue-details>
     <p class=short-desc>shrink-to-fit circle / shape
    </div>
   </div>
   <p><dfn id=outside-and-inside title=outside-inside>Outside and inside</dfn>
   <p> In this specification, ‘<code class=property>outside</code>’ refers
    to DOM content that is not a descendant of an element while ‘<code
    class=property>inside</code>’ refers to the element's descendants.
   <h2 id=exclusions><span class=secno>3. </span>Exclusions</h2>
   <p> Exclusion elements define <a href="#exclusion-area">exclusion areas</a>
    that contribute to their containing block's <a
    href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>. As a consequence,
    exclusions impact the layout of their containing block's descendants.
   <p>
   <p> Elements layout their inline content in their <a
    href="#content-area">content area</a> and wrap around the <a
    href="#exclusion-area">exclusion areas</a> in their associated <a
    href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>. If the element is itself an
    exclusion, it does not wrap around its own exclusion shape and the impact
    of other exclusions on other exclusions is controlled by the ‘<code
    class=property>z-index</code>’ property as explained in the <a
    href="#exclusions-order">exclusions order</a> section.
   <p> The <a href="#shapes">shape properties</a> can be used to change the
    shape of <a href="#exclusion-area">exclusion areas</a>.
   <h3 id=declaring-exclusions><span class=secno>3.1. </span>Declaring
    exclusions</h3>
   <p> An element becomes an exclusion when its ‘<a href="#wrap-flow"><code
    class=property>wrap-flow</code></a>’ property has a computed value other
    than ‘<code class=property>auto</code>’.
   <h4 id=wrap-flow-property><span class=secno>3.1.1. </span>The ‘<a
    href="#wrap-flow"><code class=property>wrap-flow</code></a>’ property</h4>
   <table class=propdef>
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <th>Name:
      <td><dfn id=wrap-flow title="'wrap-flow'">wrap-flow</dfn>
     <tr>
      <th>Value:
      <td><var>auto</var> | <var>both</var> | <var>start</var> |
       <var>end</var> | <var>minimum</var> | <var>maximum</var> |
       <var>clear</var>
     <tr>
      <th>Initial:
      <td>auto
     <tr>
      <th>Applies to:
      <td>block-level elements.
     <tr>
      <th>Inherited:
      <td>no
     <tr>
      <th>Percentages:
      <td>N/A
     <tr>
      <th>Media:
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th>Computed value:
      <td>as specified except for element's whose ‘<code
       class=property>float</code>’ computed value is not <code
       class=css>none</code>, in which case the computed value is ‘<code
       class=property>auto</code>’.
   </table>
   <p>The values of this property have the following meanings:
   <dl>
    <dt><dfn id=auto title="'wrap-flow'!!'auto'">auto</dfn>
    <dd> No exclusion is created. Inline flow content interacts with the
     element as usual. In particular, if the element is a <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/visuren.html#floats">float</a> (see <a
     href="#CSS21" rel=biblioentry>[CSS21]<!--{{CSS21}}--></a>), the behavior
     is unchanged.
    <dt><dfn id=both title="'wrap-flow'!!'both'">both</dfn>
    <dd> Inline flow content can flow on all sides of the exclusion.
    <dt><dfn id=start title="'wrap-flow'!!'start'">start</dfn>
    <dd> Inline flow content can flow around the start edge of the <a
     href="#exclusion-area">exclusion area</a> but must leave the area next to
     the end edge of the exclusion empty.
    <dt><dfn id=end title="'wrap-flow'!!'end'">end</dfn>
    <dd> Inline flow content can flow around the end edge of the <a
     href="#exclusion-area">exclusion area</a> but must leave the area next to
     the start edge of the exclusion empty.
    <dt><dfn id=minimum title="'wrap-flow'!!'minimum'">minimum</dfn>
    <dd> Inline flow content can flow around the edge of the exclusion with
     the smallest available space within the flow content's containing block,
     and must leave the other edge of the exclusion empty.
    <dt><dfn id=maximum title="'wrap-flow'!!'maximum'">maximum</dfn>
    <dd> Inline flow content can flow around the edge of the exclusion with
     the largest available space within the flow content's containing block,
     and must leave the other edge of the exclusion empty.
    <dt><dfn id=clear title="'wrap-flow'!!'clear'">clear</dfn>
    <dd> Inline flow content can only flow before and after the exclusion in
     the flow content's block direction and must leave the areas next to the
     start and end edges of the exclusion empty.
   </dl>
   <p> If the property's computed value is ‘<code
    class=property>auto</code>’, the element does not become an
    <span>exclusion</span>.
   <p> Otherwise, a computed ‘<a href="#wrap-flow"><code
    class=property>wrap-flow</code></a>’ property value of ‘<code
    class=property>both</code>’, ‘<code class=property>start</code>’,
    ‘<code class=property>end</code>’, ‘<code
    class=property>minimum</code>’, ‘<code
    class=property>maximum</code>’ or ‘<code
    class=property>clear</code>’ on an element makes that element an
    <span>exclusion element. It's <span>exclusion shape</span> is contributed
    to its containing block's <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping
    context</a>, causing the containing block's descendants to wrap around its
    <a href="#exclusion-area">exclusion area</a>. </span>
   <div class=figure> <img
    alt="LTR text wrapping on left edge, RTL text wrapping on right edge, and vertical text wrapping on top edge."
    src="images/exclusion-writing-modes.png" width="70%">
    <p class=caption>Exclusion with ‘<code class=css>wrap-flow:
     start</code>’ interacting with various writing modes.
   </div>
   <p>Determining the relevant edges of the exclusion depends on the <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-writing-modes/#text-flow">writing mode</a>
    <a href="#CSS3-WRITING-MODES"
    rel=biblioentry>[CSS3-WRITING-MODES]<!--{{!CSS3-WRITING-MODES}}--></a> of
    the content wrapping around the <a href="#exclusion-area">exclusion
    area</a>.
   <p>An <a href="#exclusion-element">exclusion element</a> establishes a new
    <a href="">block formatting context</a> (see <a href="#CSS21"
    rel=biblioentry>[CSS21]<!--{{!CSS21}}--></a>) for its content.
   <div class=figure> <img
    alt="General illustration showing how exclusions combine"
    src="images/exclusions-illustration.png" width="70%">
    <p class=caption>Combining exclusions
   </div>
   <p> The above figure illustrates how exclusions are combined. The outermost
    box represents an element's content box. The A, B, C and D darker gray
    boxes represent exclusions in the element's <a
    href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>. A, B, C and D have their
    respective ‘<a href="#wrap-flow"><code
    class=property>wrap-flow</code></a>’ computed to ‘<code
    class=property>both</code>’, ‘<code class=property>start</code>’,
    ‘<code class=property>end</code>’ and ‘<code
    class=property>clear</code>’ respectively. The lighter gray areas show
    the additional areas that are excluded for inline layout as a result of
    the ‘<a href="#wrap-flow"><code
    class=property>wrap-flow</code></a>’value. For example, the area to the
    right of ‘<code class=property>B</code>’ cannot be used for inline
    layout of left-to-right writing mode content because the ‘<a
    href="#wrap-flow"><code class=property>wrap-flow</code></a>’ for
    ‘<code class=property>B</code>’ is ‘<code
    class=property>start</code>’.
   <p> The background ‘<code class=property>blue</code>’ area shows what
    areas are available for a left-to-right writing mode element's inline
    content layout. All areas represented with a light or dark shade of gray
    are not available for (left-to-right writing mode) inline content layout.
   <div class="issue-marker wrapper">
    <div class=issue-marker data-bug_id=15084 data-bug_status=NEW> <a
     href="https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=15084">Issue-15084</a>
     <div class=issue-details>
      <p class=short-desc>Fluidity of the layout with respect to different
       amounts of content
     </div>
    </div>
   </div>
   <div class=example>
    <p> The ‘<a href="#wrap-flow"><code
     class=property>wrap-flow</code></a>’ property values applied to
     exclusions as grid items.</p>
    <code class=html></code>
    <pre>
 &lt;div id="grid"&gt;
     &lt;div id="top-right" class="exclusion"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
     &lt;div id="bottom-left" class="exclusion"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
     &lt;div id="content"&gt;Lorem ipsum…&lt;/div&gt;
 &lt;/div&gt;
 &lt;style type="text/css"&gt;
 #grid {
     width: 30em;
     height: 30em;
     display: grid;
     grid-columns: 25% 25% 25% 25%;
     grid-rows: 25% 25% 25% 25%;
 #top-right {
     grid-column: 3;
     grid-row: 2;
 }
 #bottom-left {
     grid-column: 2;
     grid-row: 3;
 }
 .exclusion {
     wrap-flow: &lt;see below&gt;
 }
 #content {
     grid-row: 1;
     grid-row-span: 4;
     grid-column: 1;
     grid-column-span: 4;
 }
 &lt;/style&gt;
 </pre>
    <p>The following figures illustrate the visual rendering for different
     values of the ‘<a href="#wrap-flow"><code
     class=property>wrap-flow</code></a>’ property. The gray grid lines are
     marking the grid cells. and the blue area is the exclusion box
     (positioned by the grid).
    <table class=example-table>
     <tbody>
      <tr>
       <td><code class=html>.exclusion{ wrap-flow: auto; }</code>
       <td><code class=html>.exclusion{ wrap-flow: both; }</code>
      <tr>
       <td><img alt="Example rendering for wrap-side: auto"
        src="images/exclusion_wrap_side_auto.png">
       <td><img alt="Example rendering for wrap-side: both"
        src="images/exclusion_wrap_side_both.png">
      <tr>
       <td><code class=html>.exclusion{ wrap-flow: start; }</code>
       <td><code class=html>.exclusion{ wrap-flow: end; }</code>
      <tr>
       <td><img alt="Example rendering for wrap-side: start"
        src="images/exclusion_wrap_side_left.png">
       <td><img alt="Example rendering for wrap-side: end"
        src="images/exclusion_wrap_side_right.png">
      <tr>
       <td><code class=html>.exclusion{ wrap-flow: minimum; }</code>
       <td><code class=html>.exclusion{ wrap-flow: maximum; }</code>
      <tr>
       <td><img alt="Example rendering for wrap-side: minimum"
        src="images/exclusion_wrap_side_minimum.png">
       <td><img alt="Example rendering for wrap-side: maximum"
        src="images/exclusion_wrap_side_maximum.png">
      <tr>
       <td><code class=html>.exclusion{ wrap-flow: clear; }</code>
       <td>
      <tr>
       <td><img alt="Example rendering for wrap-side: clear"
        src="images/exclusion_wrap_side_clear.png">
       <td>
    </table>
   </div>
   <!-- End section "wrap-flow Property" -->
   <!-- End section "Declaring Exclusions" -->
   <h3 id=scope-and-effect-of-exclusions><span class=secno>3.2. </span>Scope
    and effect of exclusions</h3>
   <p> An <span>exclusion</span> affects the inline flow content descended
    from the exclusion's containing block (defined in <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/visudet.html#containing-block-details">
    CSS 2.1 10.1</a>) and that of all descendant elements of the same
    containing block. All inline flow content inside the containing block of
    the exclusions is affected. To stop the effect of exclusions defined
    outside an element, the ‘<a href="#wrap-through"><code
    class=property>wrap-through</code></a>’ property can be used (see the <a
    href="#propagation-of-exclusions">propagation of exclusions</a> section
    below).
   <p> As a reminder, for exclusions with ‘<code
    class=css>position:fixed</code>’, the containing block is that of the
    root element.</p>
   <!-- End section "Scope and Effect of Exclusions" -->
   <h3 id=propagation-of-exclusions><span class=secno>3.3. </span>Propagation
    of Exclusions</h3>
   <p> By default, an element inherits its parent <a
    href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>. In other words it is
    subject to the exclusions defined <a href="#outside-and-inside"
    title=outside-inside>outside the element. </a>
   <p>Setting the ‘<a href="#wrap-through"><code
    class=property>wrap-through</code></a>’ property to ‘<code
    class=property>none</code>’ prevents an element from inheriting its
    parent <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>. In other words,
    exclusions defined ‘<code class=property>outside</code>’ the element,
    have not effect on the element's children layout.
   <div class=note> Exclusions defined by an element's descendants still
    contribute to their containing block's <a
    href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>. If that containing block is
    a child of an element with ‘<a href="#wrap-through"><code
    class=property>wrap-through</code></a>’ computes to none, or the element
    itself, then exclusion still have an effect on the children of that
    containing block element.</div>
   <h4 id=wrap-through-property><span class=secno>3.3.1. </span>The ‘<a
    href="#wrap-through"><code class=property>wrap-through</code></a>’
    Property</h4>
   <table class=propdef>
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <th>Name:
      <td><dfn id=wrap-through title="'wrap-through'">wrap-through</dfn>
     <tr>
      <th>Value:
      <td><var>wrap</var> | <var>none</var>
     <tr>
      <th>Initial:
      <td>wrap
     <tr>
      <th>Applies to:
      <td>block-level elements
     <tr>
      <th>Inherited:
      <td>no
     <tr>
      <th>Percentages:
      <td>N/A
     <tr>
      <th>Media:
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th>Computed value:
      <td>as specified
   </table>
   <p>The values of this property have the following meanings:
   <dl>
    <dt><dfn id=wrap title="'wrap-through'!!'wrap'">wrap</dfn>
    <dd> The element inherits its parent node's <a
     href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>. Its descendant inline
     content wraps around exclusions defined <a href="#outside-and-inside"
     title=outside-inside>outside</a> the element.
   </dl>
   <dl>
    <dt><dfn id=none title="'wrap-through'!!'none'">none</dfn>
    <dd> The element does not inherit its parent node's <a
     href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>. Its descendants are only
     subject to exclusion shapes defined <a href="#outside-and-inside"
     title=outside-inside>inside</a> the element.
   </dl>
   <div class=example>
    <p> Using the ‘<a href="#wrap-through"><code
     class=property>wrap-through</code></a>’ property to control the effect
     of exclusions.
    <pre><code class=html>
 &lt;style type="text/css"&gt;
     #grid {
         display: grid;
         grid-columns: 25% 50% 25%;
         grid-rows: 25% 25% 25% 25%;
     }
     #exclusion {
         grid-row: 2;
         grid-row-span: 2;
         grid-column: 2;
         wrap-flow: &lt;see below&gt;
     }
     #rowA, #rowB {
         grid-row-span: 2;
         grid-column: 1;
         grid-column-span: 3;
     }
     #rowA {
         grid-row: 1;
     }
     #rowB {
         grid-row: 3;
     }
     &lt;/style&gt;
 &lt;style type="text/css"&gt;
     .exclusion  {
     	wrap-flow: both;
     	position: absolute;
     	left: 20%;
     	top: 20%;
     	width: 50%;
     	height: 50%;
     	background-color: rgba(220, 230, 242, 0.5);
     }
 &lt;/style&gt;
 &lt;div id="grid"&gt;
     &lt;div class=”exclusion”&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
     &lt;div id="rowA" style=”wrap-through: wrap;”&gt; Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...&lt;/div&gt;
     &lt;div id="rowB" style=”wrap-through: none;”&gt; Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...&lt;/div&gt;
 &lt;/div&gt;
 </code></pre>
    <img alt="Example rendering of wrap-through: wrap | none"
    class=singleImgExample src="images/exclusion_wrap_through.png"
    style="max-width:40%"></div>
   <!-- End section "wrap-through property" -->
   <!-- removed as wrap-margin and wrap-padding changed to shape-margin and shape-padding
     <h4 id="wrap-shorthand-property">The 'wrap' Shorthand Property</h4>
     <table class="propdef">
         <tr>
             <th>Name:</th>
             <td><dfn title="'wrap'">wrap</dfn></td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <th>Value:</th>
             <td><var>&lt;wrap-flow&gt;</var> || <var>&lt;wrap-margin&gt;</var> [ / <var>&lt;wrap-padding&gt;</var>]</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <th>Initial:</th>
             <td>see individual properties</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <th>Applies to:</th>
             <td>block-level elements</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <th>Inherited:</th>
             <td>no</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <th>Percentages:</th>
             <td>N/A</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <th>Media:</th>
             <td>visual</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <th>Computed value:</th>
             <td>see individual properties</td>
         </tr>
     </table>
     <p>
         The 'wrap' property is a shorthand property for setting the exclusions properties
         at the same place in the style sheet.
     </p>
 -->
   <!-- End section "wrap shorthand property" -->
   <!-- End section "Propagation of Exclusions" -->
   <h3 id=exclusions-order><span class=secno>3.4. </span>Exclusions order</h3>
   <p> Exclusions follow the painting order (See <a href="#CSS21"
    rel=biblioentry>[CSS21]<!--{{!CSS21}}--></a> Appendix E). Exclusions are
    applied in reverse to the document order in which they are defined. The
    last exclusion appears on top of all other exclusion, thus it affects the
    inline flow content of all other preceding exclusions or elements
    descendant of the same containing block. The ‘<code
    class=property>z-index</code>’ property can be used to change the
    ordering of <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/visuren.html#choose-position">positioned</a>
    exclusion boxes (see <a href="#CSS21"
    rel=biblioentry>[CSS21]<!--{{!CSS21}}--></a>). Statically positioned
    exclusions are not affected by the ‘<code
    class=property>z-index</code>’ property and thus follow the painting
    order.
   <div class=issue-marker data-bug_id=16474 data-bug_status=NEW> <a
    href="https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=16474">Issue-16474</a>
    <div class=issue-details>
     <p class=short-desc>Improve Example 3 about exclusion order
    </div>
   </div>
   <div class=example>
    <p>Ordering of exclusions.
    <pre><code class=html>
 &lt;style type="text/css"&gt;
     .exclusion  {
     	wrap-flow: both;
     	position: absolute;
     	width: 50%;
     	height: auto;
     }
 &lt;/style&gt;
 &lt;div class=”exclusion” style=”top: 0px; left: 0px;”&gt;
     Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...
 &lt;/div&gt;
 &lt;div id="orderedExclusion" class=”exclusion” style=”top: 25%; left: 25%;”&gt;
     Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...
 &lt;/div&gt;
 &lt;div class=”exclusion” style=”top: 50%; left: 50%;”&gt;
     Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...
 &lt;/div&gt;
 </code></pre>
    <table class=example-table>
     <tbody>
      <tr>
       <td style="width:50%"><code class=html>#orderedExclusion{ z-index:
        auto; }</code>
       <td style="width:50%"><code class=html>#orderedExclusion{ z-index: 1;
        }</code>
      <tr>
       <td><img alt="Example rendering of default exclusion ordering."
        class=singleImgExample src="images/exclusion_ordering.png">
       <td><img alt="Example rendering of default exclusion ordering."
        class=singleImgExample src="images/exclusion_ordering_z_order.png">
    </table>
   </div>
   <!-- End section "Order of Exclusions" -->
   <div class="issue-marker wrapper">
    <div class=issue-marker data-bug_id=15183 data-bug_status=NEW> <a
     href="https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=15183">Issue-15183</a>
     <div class=issue-details>
      <p class=short-desc>Is the CSS exclusions processing model incorrect?
     </div>
    </div>
   </div>
   <div class=issue>
    <p>The current draft provides a model for exclusions without a
     collision-avoidance model. The existing exclusion model in CSS uses
     floats, which have both exclusion and collision-avoidance behavior.
     Concerns have been raised that allowing exclusions without collision
     avoidance could be harmful, particularly with absolutely-positioned
     elements. Three options should be considered:
    <p>
    <ol>
     <li>Allow exclusions in positioning schemes with no collision avoidance.
     <li>Disallow exclusions in positioning schemes with no collision
      avoidance.
     <li>Define collision-avoidance behavior for positioning schemes without
      it, and use this behavior by default with exclusions.
    </ol>
    <ol></ol>
   </div>
   <h3 id=exclusions-processing-model><span class=secno>3.5. </span>Processing
    model</h3>
   <h4 id=exclusions-processing-model-description><span class=secno>3.5.1.
    </span>Description</h4>
   <p>Applying exclusions is a two-step process:
   <ul>
    <li><strong>Step 1</strong>: resolve exclusion boxes belonging to each <a
     href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>
    <li><strong>Step 2</strong>: resolve <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping
     context</a>s and lay out each containing block in turn:
     <ul>
      <li><strong>Step 2-A</strong>: resolve the position and size of
       exclusion boxes
      <li><strong>Step 2-B</strong>: lay out containing block, wrapping around
       <a href="#exclusion-area">exclusion areas</a>
     </ul>
   </ul>
   <h4
    id=step-1-resolve-exclusion-boxes-belonging-to-each-wrapping-context><span
    class=secno>3.5.2. </span>Step 1: resolve exclusion boxes belonging to
    each <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a></h4>
   <p>In this step, the user agent determines which <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/visudet.html#containing-block-details">containing
    block</a> each <a href="#exclusion-area">exclusion area</a> belongs to.
    This is a simple step, based on the definition of containing blocks and
    elements with a computed value for ‘<a href="#wrap-flow"><code
    class=property>wrap-flow</code></a>’ that is not <code
    class=css>auto</code>.
   <h4 id=step-2-resolve-wrapping-contexts-layout-containing-blocks><span
    class=secno>3.5.3. </span>Step 2: resolve wrapping contexts and lay out
    containing blocks</h4>
   <p>In this step, starting from the top of the <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/visuren.html#z-index">rendering tree</a>
    (see <a href="#CSS21" rel=biblioentry>[CSS21]<!--{{!CSS21}}--></a>), the
    the agent processes each containing block in two sub-steps.
   <h4 id=step-2-A-resolve-exclusions-position-and-size><span
    class=secno>3.5.4. </span>Step 2-A: resolve the position and size of
    exclusion boxes</h4>
   <p>Resolving the position and size of <a href="#exclusion-box">exclusion
    boxes</a> in the <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a> may or
    may not require a layout. For example, if an <a
    href="#exclusion-box">exclusion box</a> is absolutely positioned and
    sized, a layout may not be needed to resolve its position and size. In
    other situations, laying out the containing block's content is required.
   <p>When a layout is required, it is carried out without applying any <a
    href="#exclusion-area">exclusion area</a>. In other words, the containing
    block is laid out without a <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping
    context</a>.
   <p>Step 2-A yields a position and size for all <a
    href="#exclusion-box">exclusion boxes</a> in the <a
    href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>. Each exclusion box is
    processed in turn, starting from the top-most, and each <a
    href="#exclusion-area">exclusion area</a> is computed and contributed to
    the <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/visudet.html#containing-block-details">containing
    block's</a> <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>.
   <p>Scrolling is ignored in this step when resolving the position and size
    of ‘<code class=css>position:fixed</code>’ <a
    href="#exclusion-box">exclusion boxes</a>.
   <p>Once the <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/visudet.html#containing-block-details">containing
    block's</a> <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a> is computed,
    all <a href="#exclusion-box">exclusion boxes</a> in that <a
    href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a> are removed from the normal
    flow.
   <h4 id=step-2-B-layout-containing-block-applying-wrapping><span
    class=secno>3.5.5. </span>Step 2-B: lay out containing block applying
    wrapping</h4>
   <p>Finally, the content of the containing block is laid out, with the
    inline content wrapping around the <span>wrapping content</span>‘<code
    class=css>s <a href="#exclusion-area">exclusion areas</a> (which may be
    different from the <a href="#exclusion-box">exclusion box</a> because of
    the </code>’shape-outside' property).
   <p>When the containing block itself is an <a
    href="#exclusion-box">exclusion box</a>, then rules on <a
    href="#exclusions-order">exclusions order</a> define which exclusions
    affect the inline and descendant content of the box.
   <h4 id=exclusions-processing-model-example><span class=secno>3.5.6.
    </span>Example</h4>
   <p>This section illustrates the exclusions processing model with an
    example. It is meant to be simple. Yet, it contains enough complexity to
    address the issues of layout dependencies and re-layout.
   <p>The code snippet in the following example has two exclusions affecting
    the document's inline content.
   <div class=example>
    <pre class=html>&lt;html&gt;
 &lt;style&gt;
 #d1 {
     position:relative;
     height: auto;
     color: #46A4E9;
     border: 1px solid gray;
 }
 #e1 {
     wrap-flow: both;
     position: absolute;
     left: 50%;
     top: 50%;
     width: 40%;
     height: 40%;
     border: 1px solid red;
     margin-left: -20%;
     margin-top: -20%;
 }
 #d2 {
     position: static;
     width: 100%;
     height: auto;
     color: #808080;
 }
 #e2 {
     wrap-flow: both;
     position: absolute;
     right: 5ex;
     top: 1em;
     width: 12ex;
     height: 10em;
     border: 1px solid lime;
 }
 &lt;/style&gt;
 &lt;body&gt;
     &lt;div id="d1"&gt;
         Lorem ipsusm ...
         &lt;p id="e1"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
     &lt;/div&gt;
     &lt;div id="d2"&gt;
         Lorem ipsusm ...
         &lt;p id="e2" &gt;&lt;/p&gt;
     &lt;/div&gt;
 &lt;/body&gt;
 &lt;/html&gt;</pre>
   </div>
   <p>The following figures illustrate:
   <ul>
    <li>the document's DOM tree
    <li>the layout tree of generated block boxes
   </ul>
   <div class=figure> <img alt="DOM tree nodes"
    src="images/processing-model-example-dom.svg" width=200>
    <p class=caption>DOM tree
   </div>
   <div class=figure> <img alt="Layout tree boxes"
    src="images/processing-model-example-layout-tree.svg" width=350>
    <p class=caption>Layout tree of generated block boxes
   </div>
   <h5 id=step-1-resolve-exclusion-boxes-belonging><span class=secno>3.5.6.1.
    </span>Step 1: resolve exclusion boxes belonging to each <a
    href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a></h5>
   <p>The figures illustrate how the boxes corresponding to the element
    sometimes have a different containment hierarchy in the layout tree than
    in the DOM tree. For example, the box generated by <code
    class=idl>e1</code> is positioned in its containing block's box, which is
    the <code class=idl>d1-box</code>, because <code class=idl>e1</code> is
    absolutely positioned and <code class=idl>d1</code> is relatively
    positioned. However, while <code class=idl>e2</code> is also absolutely
    positioned, its containing block is the initial containing block (ICB).
    See the section 10.1 of the CSS 2.1 specification (<a href="#CSS21"
    rel=biblioentry>[CSS21]<!--{{!CSS21}}--></a>) for details.
   <p>As a result of the computation of containing blocks for the tree, the
    boxes belonging to the <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>s
    of all the elements can be determined:
   <ul>
    <li>The <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a> for the html
     element contains the <code class=idl>e2</code> box: WC-1 (Wrapping
     Context 1)
    <li>The <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a> for the body
     element inherits the html element's <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping
     context</a>: WC-1
    <li>The <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a> for <code
     class=idl>d1</code> inherits the body element's <a
     href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a> and adds the <code
     class=idl>e1-box</code> to it. So the wrapping context is made of both
     the <code class=idl>e1-box</code> and the <code class=idl>e2-box</code>:
     WC-2
    <li>The <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a> for <code
     class=idl>d2</code> inherits the body element's <a
     href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>: WC-1
   </ul>
   <h5 id=step-2-resolve-wrapping-contexts-and-lay><span class=secno>3.5.6.2.
    </span>Step 2: resolve wrapping contexts and lay out containing blocks</h5>
   <p>In this step, each containing block is processed in turn. For each
    containing block, we (conceptually) go through two phases:
   <ol>
    <li>resolve the <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>: resolve
     the position and size of its exclusions
    <li>lay out the containing block
   </ol>
   <p>In our example, this breaks down to:
   <ol>
    <li>resolve the position and size of the exclusions belonging to WC-1:
     RWC-1 (Resolved Wrapping Context 1).
    <li>lay out the initial containing block (i.e., lay out its content):
     <ol>
      <li>resolve the html element's <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping
       context</a>: RWC-1
      <li>lay out the html element:
       <ol>
        <li>resolve the body element's <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping
         context</a>: RWC-1
        <li>lay out the body element:
         <ol>
          <li>resolve the <code class=idl>d1</code> element's <a
           href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>: RWC-2
          <li>lay out the <code class=idl>d1</code> element
          <li>resolve the <code class=idl>d2</code> element's <a
           href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>: RWC-1
          <li>lay out the <code class=idl>d2</code> element
         </ol>
       </ol>
     </ol>
   </ol>
   <h6 id=resolving-rwc-1><span class=secno>3.5.6.2.1. </span>Resolving RWC-1</h6>
   <p>The top-most <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a> in the
    layout tree contains the <code class=idl>e2</code> exclusion. Its position
    and size needs to be resolved. In general, computing an exclusion's
    position and size may or may not require laying out other content. In our
    example, no content needs to be laid out to resolve the <code
    class=idl>e2</code> exclusion's position because it is absolutely
    positioned and its size can be resolved without layout either. At this
    point, RWC-1 is resolved and can be used when laying inline content out.
   <h6 id=resolving-rwc-2><span class=secno>3.5.6.2.2. </span>Resolving RWC-2</h6>
   <p>The process is similar: the position of the <code class=idl>e1</code>
    exclusion needs to be resolved. Again, resolving the exclusion's position
    and size may require processing the containing block (d1 here). It is the
    case here because the size and position of <code class=idl>e1</code>
    depend on resolving the percentage lengths. The percentages are relative
    to the size of <code class=idl>d1</code>‘<code class=css>s box. As a
    result, in order to resolve a size for <code
    class=idl>d1</code></code>’s box, a first layout of <code
    class=idl>d1</code> is done without any <a
    href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a> (i.e., no exclusions
    applied). The layout yields a position and size for <code
    class=idl>e1</code>‘<code class=css>s box. </code>
   <p>At this point, RWC-2 is resolved because the position and size of both
    e1 and e2 are resolved.
   <p class=note>The important aspect of the above processing example is that
    once an element’s <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a> is
    resolved (by resolving its exclusions' position and size), the position
    and size of the exclusions are not re-processed if the element's size
    changes between the layout that may be done without considering any <a
    href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a> (as for RWC-2) and the
    layout done with the resolved <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping
    context</a>. This is what breaks the possible circular dependency between
    the resolution of <a href="#wrapping-context">wrapping context</a>s and
    the layout of containing blocks.
   <h3 id=floats-and-exclusions><span class=secno>3.6. </span>Floats and
    exclusions</h3>
   <h4 id=floats-and-exclusions-similarities><span class=secno>3.6.1.
    </span>Similarities</h4>
   <p>There are similarities between floats an exclusions in that inline
    content wraps around floats and also wraps around <a
    href="#exclusion-area">exclusion areas</a>. However, there are very
    significant differences.
   <h4 id=floats-and-exclusions-differences><span class=secno>3.6.2.
    </span>Differences</h4>
   <ul>
    <li><strong>scope</strong>. While floats apply to content that follows in
     the document, exclusions apply to content in their containing block.
    <li><strong>positioning</strong>. Floats are part of the inline flow and
     ‘<code class=property>float</code>’ on the line box. Authors can
     control how the floats move on the line box, to the right or to the left.
     By contrast, exclusions can be positioned using any positioning scheme
     such as grid layout (<a href="#CSS3-GRID-LAYOUT"
     rel=biblioentry>[CSS3-GRID-LAYOUT]<!--{{CSS3-GRID-LAYOUT}}--></a>),
     flexible box (<a href="#CSS3-FLEXBOX"
     rel=biblioentry>[CSS3-FLEXBOX]<!--{{CSS3-FLEXBOX}}--></a>) or any other
     CSS positioning scheme.
    <li><strong>separation of concerns</strong>. Making an element a float
     determines both its positioning scheme and its effect on inline content.
     Making an element an exclusion only determines its impact on inline
     content and does not impose constraints on its positioning method.
   </ul>
   <h4 id=floats-and-exclusions-interoperability><span class=secno>3.6.3.
    </span>Interoperability</h4>
   <h5 id=effect-of-floats-on-exclusions><span class=secno>3.6.3.1.
    </span>Effect of floats on exclusions</h5>
   <p>Floats have an effect on the positioning of exclusions and the layout of
    their inline content. For example, if an exclusion is an inline-box which
    happens to be on the same line as a float, its' position, as computed in
    <a href="#step-2-A-resolve-exclusions-position-and-size">Step 2-A</a> will
    be impacted by the float, as is any other inline content.
   <h5 id=effect-of-exclusions-on-floats><span class=secno>3.6.3.2.
    </span>Effect of exclusions on floats</h5>
   <p>Exclusions have an effect on the positioning of floats as they have an
    effect on inline content. Therefore, in <a
    href="#step-2-B-layout-containing-block-applying-wrapping">Step 2-B</a>,
    floats will avoid <a href="#exclusion-area">exclusion areas</a>.</p>
   <!-- End section "Exclusions" -->
   <h2 id=shapes><span class=secno>4. </span>Shapes</h2>
   <div class="issue-marker wrapper">
    <div class=issue-marker data-bug_id=15091 data-bug_status=NEW> <a
     href="https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=15091">Issue-15091</a><br>
     <div class=issue-details>
      <p class=short-desc>Simplify the syntax for shapes
     </div>
    </div>
    <div class=issue-marker data-bug_id=16716 data-bug_status=NEW> <a
     href="https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=16716">Issue-16716</a>
     <div class=issue-details>
      <p class=short-desc>Handling visible content as a shape for Exclusions
     </div>
    </div>
   </div>
   <p> Shapes define arbitrary geometric contours around which or into which
    inline flow content flows. There are two different types of shapes –
    ‘<code class=property>outside</code>’ and ‘<code
    class=property>inside</code>’. The outside shape defines the <a
    href="#exclusion-area">exclusion area</a> for an <a
    href="#exclusion-element">exclusion element</a> or the <a
    href="#float-area">float area</a> for a float. The inside shape defines an
    element's <span>content shape</span> and the element's inline content will
    flow within that shape.
   <p class=note>It is important to note that while outside shapes only apply
    to <span>exclusions</span> and floats, inside shapes apply to all
    block-level elements.
   <h3 id=relation-to-box-model-and-float-behavior><span class=secno>4.1.
    </span>Relation to the box model and float behavior</h3>
   <p> While the boundaries used for wrapping inline flow content outside and
    inside an element can be defined using shapes, the actual box model does
    not change. If the element has specified margins, borders or paddings they
    will be computed and rendered according to the <a href="#CSS3BOX"
    rel=biblioentry>[CSS3BOX]<!--{{!CSS3BOX}}--></a> module.
   <p> However, floats are an exception. If a float has an outside shape, its
    positioning is resolved as <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/visuren.html#float-position">defined</a>
    in <a href="#CSS21" rel=biblioentry>[CSS21]<!--{{!CSS21}}--></a> but using
    the outside shape's bounding box is used in lieu of the float's margin
    box.
   <div class=example>
    <p>CSS ‘<a href="#shape-outside"><code
     class=property>shape-outside</code></a>’ and CSS box model relation:
     the red box illustrates the exclusion element's content box, which is
     unmodified and subject to normal CSS positioning (here absolute
     positioning).
    <pre><code class=html>
 &lt;style type="text/css"&gt;
     .exclusion  {
     	wrap-flow: both;
     	position: absolute;
     	top: 25%;
     	left: 25%;
     	width: 50%;
     	height: 50%;
     	shape-outside: circle(50%, 50%, 50%);
     	border: 1px solid red;
     }
 &lt;/style&gt;
 &lt;div style=”position: relative;”&gt;
     &lt;div class=”exclusion”&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
     Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...
 &lt;/div&gt;
 </code></pre>
    <img alt="Example rendering of circle shape and box model."
    class=singleImgExample src="images/shapes_CSS2.1_MBP.png"
    style="max-width:40%"></div>
   <div class=example>
    <p>In the following example the left and right floating <code
     class=html>div</code> elements specify a triangular shape using the ‘<a
     href="#shape-outside"><code class=property>shape-outside</code></a>’
     property.
    <pre><code class=html>
 &lt;div style="text-align:center;"&gt;
       &lt;div id="float-left"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
       &lt;div id="float-right"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
       &lt;div&gt;
       Sometimes a web page's text content appears to be
       funneling your attention towards a spot on the page
       to drive you to follow a particular link.  Sometimes
       you don't notice.
       &lt;/div&gt;
 &lt;/div&gt;
 &lt;style type="text/css"&gt;
 #float-left {
       shape-outside: polygon(0,0 100%,100% 0,100%);
       float: left;
       width: 40%;
       height: 12ex;
   }
 #float-right {
       shape-outside: polygon(100%,0 100%,100% 0,100%);
       float: right;
       width: 40%;
       height: 12ex;
   }
   &lt;/style&gt;
 &lt;/div&gt;</code></pre>
    <img alt="Using the shape-outside property with a float"
    class=singleImgExample src="images/float-shape-outside.png"></div>
   <h3 id=basic-shapes-from-svg-syntax><span class=secno>4.2. </span>Basic
    Shapes</h3>
   <p> Shapes can be specified using syntax similar to SVG's <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/shapes.html">basic shapes</a>. The
    definitions use <code><a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-values/#lengths">&lt;length&gt;</a></code>
    type and the <code><a href="">&lt;percentage&gt;</a></code> types (see <a
    href="#CSS3VAL" rel=biblioentry>[CSS3VAL]<!--{{!CSS3VAL}}--></a>).
    Percentages are resolved from the computed value of the <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-ui/#box-sizing">‘<code
    class=property>box-sizing</code>’</a> property <a href="#CSS3UI"
    rel=biblioentry>[CSS3UI]<!--{{!CSS3UI}}--></a> on the element to which the
    property applies. For the radius <code>r</code> of the <a
    href="#circle"><code>circle</code></a> shape, a percentage value is
    resolved as <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/coords.html#Units">specified</a> in the SVG
    recommendation (see <a href="#SVG11"
    rel=biblioentry>[SVG11]<!--{{!SVG11}}--></a>). Path styling like stroking
    is not considered part of the specified shape.
   <h4 id=supported-basic-shapes><span class=secno>4.2.1. </span>Supported
    Shapes</h4>
   <p> The following basic shapes are supported.
   <dl>
    <dt><dfn
     id=rectangle>rectangle</dfn>([&lt;length&gt;|&lt;percentage&gt;]{4} [
     curve [&lt;length&gt;|&lt;percentage&gt;]{1,2} ]? )
    <dd>
     <ul>
      <li> The four values represent <strong>x, y, width</strong> and
       <strong>height</strong>. They define the bounding box of the rectangle.
       Negative values for width and height are invalid.
      <li> The two ‘<code class=property>curve</code>’ values represent
       <strong> rx</strong> and <strong>ry</strong>. For rounded rectangles
       they define the x-axis radius and y-axis radius of the ellipse used to
       round off the corners of the rectangle. Negative values for rx and ry
       are invalid.
     </ul>
    <dt><dfn id=circle>circle</dfn>([&lt;length&gt;|&lt;percentage&gt;]{3})
    <dd>
     <ul>
      <li> The three values values represent <strong>cx</strong>,
       <strong>cy</strong>, and <strong>r</strong>. They define the x-axis and
       y-axis coordinates of the center of the circle and the radius of the
       circle. A negative value for r is invalid.
     </ul>
    <dt><dfn id=ellipse>ellipse</dfn>([&lt;length&gt;|&lt;percentage&gt;]{4})
    <dd>
     <ul>
      <li> The four values represent <strong>cx</strong>, <strong>cy</strong>,
       <strong>rx</strong>, and <strong>ry</strong>. They define the x-axis
       and y-axis coordinates of the center of the ellipse and the x-axis and
       y-axis radius of the ellipse. Negative values for rx and ry are
       invalid.
     </ul>
    <dt><dfn id=polygon>polygon</dfn>([&lt;fill-rule&gt;,]?
     [&lt;length&gt;|&lt;percentage&gt;]{2}#)
    <dd>
     <ul>
      <li><strong>fill-rule</strong> - The filling rule used to determine the
       interior of the polygon. See <a
       href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/painting.html#FillRuleProperty">fill-rule</a>
       property in SVG for details. Possible values are nonzero or evenodd.
       Default value when omitted is nonzero.
      <li> The two length values represent <strong>xi</strong> and
       <strong>yi</strong> - the <strong>x</strong> and <strong>y</strong>
       axis coordinates of the i-th vertex of the polygon.
     </ul>
     <p>The UA will close a polygon by connecting the last vertex with the
      first vertex of the list.</p>
     <br>
   </dl>
   <h4 id=referencing-svg-shapes><span class=secno>4.2.2. </span>Referencing
    SVG shapes</h4>
   <p>An SVG shape can be referenced using the <code>url()</code> syntax. The
    shape can be any of the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/shapes.html">SVG
    basic shapes</a> or a <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/paths.html">path
    element</a>.
   <div class=example>
    <div style="float:right"> <img alt="results of referencing SVG shapes"
     src="images/svg-shape-reference.png"></div>
    <code class=html></code>
    <pre>
 &lt;style&gt;
 div {
     height: 400px;
     width: 400px;
 }
 .in-a-circle {
     shape-inside: url(#circle_shape);
 }
 .in-a-path {
     shape-inside: url(#path-shape);
 }
 &lt;/style&gt;
 &lt;svg ...&gt;
 &lt;circle id="circle_shape" cx="50%" cy="50%" r="50%" /&gt;
 &lt;path id="path-shape" d="M 100 100 L 300 100 L 200 300 z" /&gt;
 &lt;/svg&gt;
 &lt;div class="in-a-circle"&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;
 &lt;div class="in-a-path"&gt;...&lt;/div&gt;
           </pre>
   </div>
   <p> When using the SVG syntax or referencing SVG elements to define shapes,
    the relevant box is determined by the computed value of the <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-ui/#box-sizing">‘<code
    class=property>box-sizing</code>’</a> property. All the lengths
    expressed in percentages are resolved from the relevant box. The
    coordinate system for the shape has its origin on the top-left corner of
    the relevant box with the x-axis running to the right and the y-axis
    running downwards. If the SVG element uses unitless coordinate values,
    they are equivalent to using ‘<code class=property>px</code>’ units.
    If the relevant box of the element is dependent on auto sizing (i.e., the
    element's ‘<code class=property>width</code>’ or ‘<code
    class=property>height</code>’ property is ‘<code
    class=property>auto</code>’), then the percentage values resolve to 0.
   <h4 id=basic-shape-interpolation><span class=secno>4.2.3.
    </span>Interpolation of Basic Shapes</h4>
   <p>For interpolating between one basic shape and a second, the rules
    described below are applied.
   <ul>
    <li>If both basic shapes are of the same type and not of type polygon:
     <ul>
      <li>Interpolate between each value.
     </ul>
    <li>If one basic shape is of type rectangle and the second of type circle
     or ellipse:
     <ul>
      <li>Replace the circle/ellipse with a temporary rectangle of equal
       dimension.
      <li>Set the values for rx and ry on the temporary rectangle to
       ‘50%’.
      <li>Interpolate between the two rectangles as above.
     </ul>
    <li>If both basic shapes are of type polygon and if both polygons have the
     same number of vertices:
     <ul>
      <li>Interpolate between each value.
     </ul>
    <li>In all other cases:
     <ul>
      <li>No interpolation is specified.
     </ul>
   </ul>
   <!-- End section "Shapes from SVG Syntax -->
   <h3 id=shapes-from-image><span class=secno>4.3. </span>Shapes from Image</h3>
   <div class="issue-marker wrapper">
    <div class=issue-marker data-bug_id=15093 data-bug_status=NEW> <a
     href="https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=15093">Issue-15093</a><br>
     <div class=issue-details>
      <p class=short-desc>Do we need to provide properties to repeat exclusion
       images as for the background-image property?
     </div>
    </div>
    <div class=issue-marker data-bug_id=15090 data-bug_status=NEW> <a
     href="https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=15090">Issue-15090</a>
     <div class=issue-details>
      <p class=short-desc>Use the contour keyword in shape-outside property?
     </div>
    </div>
    <div class=issue-marker data-bug_id=15092 data-bug_status=NEW> <a
     href="https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=15092">Issue-15092</a>
     <div class=issue-details>
      <p class=short-desc>Specify what happens with animated images
     </div>
    </div>
    <div class=issue-marker data-bug_id=16112 data-bug_status=NEW> <a
     href="https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=16112">Issue-16112</a>
     <div class=issue-details>
      <p class=short-desc>Address security concern with automatic shape
       extractions for images
     </div>
    </div>
   </div>
   <p> Another way of defining shapes is by specifying a source image whose
    alpha channel is used to compute the inside or outside shape. The shape is
    computed to be the path that encloses the area where the opacity of the
    specified image is greater than the ‘<a
    href="#shape-image-threshold"><code
    class=property>shape-image-threshold</code></a>’ value. If the ‘<a
    href="#shape-image-threshold"><code
    class=property>shape-image-threshold</code></a>’ is not specified, the
    initial value to be considered is 0.5.
   <p class=note> Note, images can define cavities and inline flow content
    should wrap inside them. In order to avoid that, another exclusion element
    can be overlaid.
   <p>For animated raster image formats (such as <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/Graphics/GIF/spec-gif89a.txt">GIF</a>), the first
    frame of the animation sequence is used. For <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-SVG2Reqs-20020422/">SVG</a> images (<a
    href="#SVG11" rel=biblioentry>[SVG11]<!--{{SVG11}}--></a>), the image is
    rendered without animations applied.
   <div class=example>
    <p>An image is floating to the left of a paragraph. The image shows the 3D
     version of the CSS logo over a transparent background. The logo has a
     shadow using an alpha-channel.
    <p>The image defines its <a href="#float-area">float area</a> through the
     ‘<a href="#shape-outside"><code
     class=property>shape-outside</code></a>’ property and specifies a value
     of 35 pixels for the ‘<a href="#shape-margin"><code
     class=property>shape-margin</code></a>’ property.
    <pre><code class=html>
 &lt;p&gt;
   &lt;img id="CSSlogo" src="CSS-logo1s.png"/&gt;
   blah blah blah blah...
 &lt;/p&gt;
 &lt;style&gt;
   #CSSlogo {
     float: left;
     shape-outside: url("CSS-logo1s.png");
     shape-image-threshold: 0.1;
     shape-margin: 35px;
   }
 &lt;/style&gt;</code></pre>
    <p>The image needs two references to the image because this example uses
     the same image
    <ol>
     <li>to render it
     <li>as a shape defining the <a href="#float-area">float area</a> of the
      image
    </ol>
    <p>It is perfectly possible to display an image and use a different image
     for its float area.
    <p>In the figure below, the alpha-channel threshold is represented by the
     dotted line around the CSS logo and the 35px shape-margin is visible
     between that line and the edges of each individual line of the paragraph.
    <p>It's then possible to affect where the lines of the paragraph start in
     three ways:
    <ol>
     <li>Changing the value of the ‘<a href="#shape-margin"><code
      class=property>shape-margin</code></a>’ property
     <li>Changing the value of the ‘<a href="#shape-image-threshold"><code
      class=property>shape-image-threshold</code></a>’ property
     <li>Modifying the alpha channel in the image
    </ol>
    <div class=figure> <img
     alt="A float shape around an image using its alpha-channel with a 35 pixels shape-margin"
     src="images/shape-outside-image.png" width="70%">
     <p class=caption>A float shape around an image using its alpha-channel
      with a 35 pixels shape-margin
    </div>
   </div>
   <!-- End section "Shapes from image" -->
   <h3 id=declaring-shapes><span class=secno>4.4. </span>Declaring Shapes</h3>
   <p> Shapes are declared with the ‘<a href="#shape-outside"><code
    class=property>shape-outside</code></a>’ or ‘<a
    href="#shape-inside"><code class=property>shape-inside</code></a>’
    properties, with possible modifications from the ‘<a
    href="#shape-margin"><code class=property>shape-margin</code></a>’ and
    ‘<a href="#shape-padding"><code
    class=property>shape-padding</code></a>’ properties. The shape defined
    by the ‘<a href="#shape-outside"><code
    class=property>shape-outside</code></a>’ and ‘<a
    href="#shape-margin"><code class=property>shape-margin</code></a>’
    properties changes the geometry of an <a
    href="#exclusion-element">exclusion element</a>‘<code class=css>s <a
    href="#exclusion-area">exclusion area</a> or a float element</code>’s <a
    href="#float-area">float area</a>. If the element is not an <a
    href="#exclusion-element">exclusion element</a> (see the ‘<a
    href="#wrap-flow"><code class=property>wrap-flow</code></a>’ property)
    or a float, then the ‘<a href="#shape-outside"><code
    class=property>shape-outside</code></a>’ property has no effect.
   <p> The shape defined by the ‘<a href="#shape-inside"><code
    class=property>shape-inside</code></a>’ and ‘<a
    href="#shape-padding"><code class=property>shape-padding</code></a>’
    properties defines an element's <a href="#content-area">content area</a>
    and the element's inline flow content wraps into that shape. The ‘<a
    href="#shape-inside"><code class=property>shape-inside</code></a>’
    property applies to all block-level elements.
   <h4 id=shape-outside-property><span class=secno>4.4.1. </span>The ‘<a
    href="#shape-outside"><code class=property>shape-outside</code></a>’
    Property</h4>
   <table class=propdef>
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <th>Name:
      <td><dfn id=shape-outside title="'shape-outside'">shape-outside</dfn>
     <tr>
      <th>Value:
      <td><var>auto</var> | <var>&lt;shape&gt;</var> | <var>&lt;uri&gt;</var>
     <tr>
      <th>Initial:
      <td>auto
     <tr>
      <th>Applies to:
      <td>exclusion elements and floats
     <tr>
      <th>Inherited:
      <td>no
     <tr>
      <th>Percentages:
      <td>N/A
     <tr>
      <th>Media:
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th>Computed value:
      <td>computed lengths for &lt;shape&gt;, the absolute URI for
       &lt;uri&gt;, otherwise as specified
   </table>
   <p>The values of this property have the following meanings:
   <dl>
    <dt><dfn id=auto0 title="'shape-outside'!!'auto'">auto</dfn>
    <dd>The shape is computed based on the border box of the element for
     exclusions, or computed based on the margin box for floats.
   </dl>
   <dl>
    <dt><dfn id=ltshapegt
     title="'shape-outside'!!'&lt;shape&gt;'">&lt;shape&gt;</dfn>
    <dd> The shape is computed based on the values of one of ‘<a
     href="#rectangle"><code class=property>rectangle</code></a>’, ‘<a
     href="#circle"><code class=property>circle</code></a>’, ‘<a
     href="#ellipse"><code class=property>ellipse</code></a>’ or ‘<a
     href="#polygon"><code class=property>polygon</code></a>’.
   </dl>
   <dl>
    <dt><dfn id=lturigt
     title="'shape-outside'!!'&lt;uri&gt;'">&lt;uri&gt;</dfn>
    <dd> If the &lt;uri&gt; references an SVG shape element, that element
     defines the shape. Otherwise, if the &lt;uri&gt; references an image, the
     shape is extracted and computed based on the alpha channel of the
     specified image. If the &lt;uri&gt; does not reference an SVG shape
     element or an image, the effect is as if the value ‘<code
     class=property>auto</code>’ had been specified.
   </dl>
   <div class=figure> <img
    alt="arbitrary shapes for exclusions. Illustrates how content flows around shapes"
    src="images/shapes-exclusions.png" width="70%">
    <p class=caption>Arbitrary shapes for exclusions
   </div>
   <div>
    <p>The above figure shows how ‘<a href="#shape-outside"><code
     class=property>shape-outside</code></a>’ shapes impact the <a
     href="#exclusion-area">exclusion areas</a>. The red box represents an
     element's content box and ‘<code class=property>A</code>’, ‘<code
     class=property>B</code>’, ‘<code class=property>C</code>’ and
     ‘<code class=property>C</code>’ represent exclusions with a complex
     shape and their ‘<a href="#wrap-flow"><code
     class=property>wrap-flow</code></a>’ property computes to ‘<code
     class=property>both</code>’, ‘<code class=property>start</code>’,
     ‘<code class=property>end</code>’ and ‘<code
     class=property>clear</code>’, respectively.
    <p>As illustrated in the picture, when an exclusion allows wrapping on all
     sides, text can flow inside ‘<code class=property>holes</code>’ in
     the exclusion (as for exclusion ‘<code class=property>A</code>’).
     Otherwise, the exclusion clears the area on the side(s) defined by ‘<a
     href="#wrap-flow"><code class=property>wrap-flow</code></a>’, as
     illustrated for ‘<code class=property>B</code>’, ‘<code
     class=property>C</code>’ and ‘<code class=property>D</code>’ above.
   </div>
   <!-- End section "The shape-outside Property" -->
   <h4 id=shape-inside-property><span class=secno>4.4.2. </span>The ‘<a
    href="#shape-inside"><code class=property>shape-inside</code></a>’
    Property</h4>
   <p> The ‘<a href="#shape-inside"><code
    class=property>shape-inside</code></a>’ modifies the shape of the inner
    inline flow content from rectangular content box to an arbitrary geometry.
   <table class=propdef>
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <th>Name:
      <td><dfn id=shape-inside title="'shape-inside'">shape-inside</dfn>
     <tr>
      <th>Value:
      <td><var>outside-shape</var> | <var>auto</var> |
       <var>&lt;shape&gt;</var> | <var>&lt;uri&gt;</var>
     <tr>
      <th>Initial:
      <td>outside-shape
     <tr>
      <th>Applies to:
      <td>block-level elements
     <tr>
      <th>Inherited:
      <td>no
     <tr>
      <th>Percentages:
      <td>N/A
     <tr>
      <th>Media:
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th>Computed value:
      <td>computed lengths for &lt;shape&gt;, the absolute URI for
       &lt;uri&gt;, otherwise as specified
   </table>
   <div class="issue-marker wrapper">
    <div class=issue-marker data-bug_id=16448 data-bug_status=ASSIGNED> <a
     href="https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=16448">Issue-16448</a>
     <div class=issue-details>
      <p class=short-desc>Should we revisit the decision to not allow SVG path
       syntax in the shape-inside, shape-outside properties
     </div>
    </div>
   </div>
   <p>The values of this property have the following meanings:
   <dl>
    <dt><dfn id=outside-shape
     title="'shape-inside'!!'outside-shape'">outside-shape</dfn>
    <dd> The shape is computed based on the computed value of the ‘<a
     href="#shape-outside"><code class=property>shape-outside</code></a>’
     property. E.g., when shape-outside computes to ‘<code
     class=property>auto</code>’, use the meaning of ‘<code
     class=property>auto</code>’ below to compute the shape.
   </dl>
   <dl>
    <dt><dfn id=auto1 title="'shape-inside'!!'auto'">auto</dfn>
    <dd> The shape is computed based on the content box of the element.
   </dl>
   <dl>
    <dt><dfn id=ltshapegt0
     title="'shape-inside'!!'&lt;shape&gt;'">&lt;shape&gt;</dfn>
    <dd> The shape is computed based on the values of one of ‘<a
     href="#rectangle"><code class=property>rectangle</code></a>’, ‘<a
     href="#circle"><code class=property>circle</code></a>’, ‘<a
     href="#ellipse"><code class=property>ellipse</code></a>’ or ‘<a
     href="#polygon"><code class=property>polygon</code></a>’.
   </dl>
   <dl>
    <dt><dfn id=lturigt0
     title="'shape-inside'!!'&lt;uri&gt;'">&lt;uri&gt;</dfn>
    <dd> If the &lt;uri&gt; references an SVG shape element, that element
     defines the shape. Otherwise, if the &lt;uri&gt; references an image, the
     shape is extracted and computed based on the alpha channel of the
     specified image. If the &lt;uri&gt; does not reference an SVG shape
     element or an image, the effect is as if the value ‘<code
     class=property>auto</code>’ had been specified.
   </dl>
   <p>The ‘<a href="#shape-inside"><code
    class=property>shape-inside</code></a>’ property applies to floats.
   <p>The ‘<a href="#shape-inside"><code
    class=property>shape-inside</code></a>’ property may not apply on some
    elements such as elements with a computed ‘<code
    class=property>display</code>’ value of ‘<code
    class=property>table</code>’.
   <div class=figure> <img
    alt="Content flowing with and without a shape-inside"
    src="images/shape-inside-content.png">
    <p class=caption>Effect of shape-inside on inline content.
   </div>
   <p>Overflow content can overlap the after edge of a shape, and overflow
    content can be displayed below the content area defined by shape. When
    content overflows in the block direction, the last line in the content
    area determines its width(s) by finding the minimum shape width(s) in the
    remaining area between the line's before edge and the shape's after edge.
    This can result in the line intersecting the shape's after edge, or a
    zero-width line if (for instance) the shape's after edge is a continuous
    curve. In degenerate cases, there may be no content that fits inside the
    content area defined by the shape. Further overflow is laid out below the
    after edge of the shape's bounding box as if ‘<a
    href="#shape-inside"><code class=property>shape-inside</code></a>’
    computes to ‘<code class=property>auto</code>’.
   <div class=figure> <img alt="Overflow interacting with rounded rect"
    src="images/rounded-rect-overflow.png"
    style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top"> <img
    alt="Overflow interacting with ellipse" src="images/ellipse-overflow.png"
    style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top">
    <p class=caption>Overflow interacting with the after edge of shapes
     defined by ‘<a href="#shape-inside"><code
     class=property>shape-inside</code></a>’ and ‘<a
     href="#shape-padding"><code class=property>shape-padding</code></a>’.
   </div>
   <!-- End section "The shape-inside property" -->
   <h4 id=shape-image-threshold-property><span class=secno>4.4.3. </span>The
    ‘<a href="#shape-image-threshold"><code
    class=property>shape-image-threshold</code></a>’ Property</h4>
   <p> The ‘<a href="#shape-image-threshold"><code
    class=property>shape-image-threshold</code></a>’ defines the alpha
    channel threshold used to extract the shape using an image. A value of 0.5
    means that all the pixels that are more than 50% transparent define the
    path of the exclusion shape. The ‘<a href="#shape-image-threshold"><code
    class=property>shape-image-threshold</code></a>’ applies to both ‘<a
    href="#shape-outside"><code class=property>shape-outside</code></a>’ and
    ‘<a href="#shape-inside"><code
    class=property>shape-inside</code></a>’.
   <p class=note> The specified value of ‘<a
    href="#shape-image-threshold"><code
    class=property>shape-image-threshold</code></a>’ is applied to both
    images used for ‘<a href="#shape-outside"><code
    class=property>shape-outside</code></a>’ and ‘<a
    href="#shape-inside"><code class=property>shape-inside</code></a>’.
   <table class=propdef>
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <th>Name:
      <td><dfn id=shape-image-threshold
       title="'shape-image-threshold'">shape-image-threshold</dfn>
     <tr>
      <th>Value:
      <td><var>&lt;alphavalue&gt;</var>
     <tr>
      <th>Initial:
      <td>0.5
     <tr>
      <th>Applies to:
      <td>block-level elements
     <tr>
      <th>Inherited:
      <td>no
     <tr>
      <th>Percentages:
      <td>alpha channel of the image specified by &lt;uri&gt;
     <tr>
      <th>Media:
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th>Computed value:
      <td>The same as the specified value after clipping the
       &lt;alphavalue&gt; to the range [0.0,1.0].
   </table>
   <p>The values of this property have the following meanings:
   <dl>
    <dt><dfn id=ltalphavaluegt
     title="'shape-image-threshold'!!'&lt;alphavalue&gt;'">&lt;alphavalue&gt;</dfn>
    <dd> A &lt;number&gt; value used to set the threshold used for extracting
     a shape from an image. Any values outside the range 0.0 (fully
     transparent) to 1.0 (fully opaque) will be clamped to this range.
   </dl>
   <!-- End section "The shape-image-threshold property" -->
   <!--
     <h4 id="shape-shorthand-property">The 'shape' Shorthand Property</h4>
     <table class="propdef">
         <tr>
             <th>Name:</th>
             <td><dfn title="'shape'">shape</dfn></td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <th>Value:</th>
             <td><var>&lt;shape-outside&gt;</var> [ / <var>&lt;shape-inside&gt;</var> ] || <var>&lt;shape-image-threshold&gt;</var></td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <th>Initial:</th>
             <td>see individual properties</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <th>Applies to:</th>
             <td>block-level elements</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <th>Inherited:</th>
             <td>no</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <th>Percentages:</th>
             <td>N/A</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <th>Media:</th>
             <td>visual</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <th>Computed value:</th>
             <td>see individual properties</td>
         </tr>
     </table>
     <p>
         The 'shape' property is a shorthand property for setting the individual shape properties
         at the same place in a style sheet.
     </p>
     <div class="example">
         <p>Style declaration using the 'shape' shorthand property.</p>
 <pre><code class="html">
 &lt;style type="text/css"&gt;
     .shape {
         shape: rectangle(50px, 50px, 200px, 100px) / url("shape_image.png")  0.7;
     }
 &lt;/style&gt;
 </code></pre>
     </div>
     <p class="issue">The example above must be finished.</p>
     -->
   <!-- End section "Shape Shorthand property -->
   <!-- End section "Declaring Shapes" -->
   <h4 id=shape-margin-property><span class=secno>4.4.4. </span>The ‘<a
    href="#shape-margin"><code class=property>shape-margin</code></a>’
    property</h4>
   <p> The ‘<a href="#shape-margin"><code
    class=property>shape-margin</code></a>’ property adds a margin to a
    shape-outside. This defines a new shape where every point is the specified
    distance from the shape-outside. This property takes on positive values
    only.
   <table class=propdef>
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <th>Name:
      <td><dfn id=shape-margin title="'shape-margin'">shape-margin</dfn>
     <tr>
      <th>Value:
      <td><var>&lt;length&gt;</var>
     <tr>
      <th>Initial:
      <td>0
     <tr>
      <th>Applies to:
      <td>exclusion elements and floats
     <tr>
      <th>Inherited:
      <td>no
     <tr>
      <th>Percentages:
      <td>N/A
     <tr>
      <th>Media:
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th>Computed value:
      <td>the absolute length
   </table>
   <div class=example>
    <p>A ‘<a href="#shape-margin"><code
     class=property>shape-margin</code></a>’ creating an offset from a
     circlular shape-outside. The blue rectangles represent inline content
     affected by the shape created by the margin.</p>
    <img alt="Example of a shape-margin offset" src="images/wrap-margin.png"></div>
   <!-- End secion "shape-margin property" -->
   <h4 id=shape-padding-property><span class=secno>4.4.5. </span>The ‘<a
    href="#shape-padding"><code class=property>shape-padding</code></a>’
    Property</h4>
   <p> The ‘<a href="#shape-padding"><code
    class=property>shape-padding</code></a>’ property adds padding to a
    shape-inside. This defines a new shape where every point is the specified
    distance from the shape-inside. This property takes on positive values
    only.
   <table class=propdef>
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <th>Name:
      <td><dfn id=shape-padding title="'shape-padding'">shape-padding</dfn>
     <tr>
      <th>Value:
      <td><var>&lt;length&gt;</var>
     <tr>
      <th>Initial:
      <td>0
     <tr>
      <th>Applies to:
      <td>block-level elements
     <tr>
      <th>Inherited:
      <td>no
     <tr>
      <th>Percentages:
      <td>N/A
     <tr>
      <th>Media:
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th>Computed value:
      <td>the absolute length
   </table>
   <div class=example>
    <p>A ‘<a href="#shape-padding"><code
     class=property>shape-padding</code></a>’ creating an offset from a
     circlular shape-inside. The light blue rectangles represent inline
     content affected by the shape created by the padding.</p>
    <img alt="Example of a shape-padding offset"
    src="images/shape-padding.png"></div>
   <!-- End section "shape-padding property" -->
   <div class=note>Note that the ‘<a href="#shape-padding"><code
    class=property>shape-padding</code></a>’ property only affects layout of
    content inside the element it applies to while the ‘<a
    href="#shape-margin"><code class=property>shape-margin</code></a>’
    property only affects layout of content outside the element.</div>
   <!-- End section "Shapes" -->
   <h2 id=conformance><span class=secno>5. </span>Conformance</h2>
   <h3 id=conventions><span class=secno>5.1. </span>Document Conventions</h3>
   <p> Conformance requirements are expressed with a combination of
    descriptive assertions and RFC 2119 terminology. The key words “MUST”,
    “MUST NOT”, “REQUIRED”, “SHALL”, “SHALL NOT”,
    “SHOULD”, “SHOULD NOT”, “RECOMMENDED”, “MAY”, and
    “OPTIONAL” in the normative parts of this document are to be
    interpreted as described in RFC 2119. However, for readability, these
    words do not appear in all uppercase letters in this specification.
   <p> All of the text of this specification is normative except sections
    explicitly marked as non-normative, examples, and notes. <a
    href="#RFC2119" rel=biblioentry>[RFC2119]<!--{{!RFC2119}}--></a>
   <p> Examples in this specification are introduced with the words “for
    example” or are set apart from the normative text with
    <code>class="example"</code>, like this:
   <div class=example>
    <p>This is an example of an informative example.
   </div>
   <p> Informative notes begin with the word “Note” and are set apart from
    the normative text with <code>class="note"</code>, like this:
   <p class=note>Note, this is an informative note.
   <h3 id=conformance-classes><span class=secno>5.2. </span>Conformance
    Classes</h3>
   <p>Conformance to CSS Exclusions and Shapes is defined for three
    conformance classes:
   <dl>
    <dt><dfn id=style-sheet title="style sheet!!as conformance class">style
     sheet</dfn>
    <dd> A <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/conform.html#style-sheet">CSS
     style sheet</a>.
    <dt><dfn id=renderer>renderer</dfn>
    <dd> A <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/conform.html#user-agent">UA</a>
     that interprets the semantics of a style sheet and renders documents that
     use them.
    <dt><dfn id=authoring-tool>authoring tool</dfn>
    <dd> A <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/conform.html#user-agent">UA</a>
     that writes a style sheet.
   </dl>
   <p> A style sheet is conformant to CSS Exclusions and Shapes if all of its
    declarations that use properties defined in this module have values that
    are valid according to the generic CSS grammar and the individual grammars
    of each property as given in this module.
   <p> A renderer is conformant to CSS Exclusions and Shapes if, in addition
    to interpreting the style sheet as defined by the appropriate
    specifications, it supports all the features defined by CSS Exclusions and
    Shapes by parsing them correctly and rendering the document accordingly.
    However, the inability of a UA to correctly render a document due to
    limitations of the device does not make the UA non-conformant. (For
    example, a UA is not required to render color on a monochrome monitor.)
   <p> An authoring tool is conformant to CSS Exclusions and Shapes if it
    writes style sheets that are syntactically correct according to the
    generic CSS grammar and the individual grammars of each feature in this
    module, and meet all other conformance requirements of style sheets as
    described in this module.
   <h3 id=partial><span class=secno>5.3. </span> Partial Implementations</h3>
   <p> So that authors can exploit the forward-compatible parsing rules to
    assign fallback values, CSS renderers <strong>must</strong> treat as
    invalid (and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/conform.html#ignore">
    ignore as appropriate</a>) any at-rules, properties, property values,
    keywords, and other syntactic constructs for which they have no usable
    level of support. In particular, user agents <strong>must not</strong>
    selectively ignore unsupported component values and honor supported values
    in a single multi-value property declaration: if any value is considered
    invalid (as unsupported values must be), CSS requires that the entire
    declaration be ignored.
   <h3 id=experimental><span class=secno>5.4. </span> Experimental
    Implementations</h3>
   <p> To avoid clashes with future CSS features, the CSS2.1 specification
    reserves a <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/syndata.html#vendor-keywords">prefixed
    syntax</a> for proprietary and experimental extensions to CSS.
   <p> Prior to a specification reaching the Candidate Recommendation stage in
    the W3C process, all implementations of a CSS feature are considered
    experimental. The CSS Working Group recommends that implementations use a
    vendor-prefixed syntax for such features, including those in W3C Working
    Drafts. This avoids incompatibilities with future changes in the draft.
   <h3 id=testing><span class=secno>5.5. </span> Non-Experimental
    Implementations</h3>
   <p> Once a specification reaches the Candidate Recommendation stage,
    non-experimental implementations are possible, and implementors should
    release an unprefixed implementation of any CR-level feature they can
    demonstrate to be correctly implemented according to spec.
   <p> To establish and maintain the interoperability of CSS across
    implementations, the CSS Working Group requests that non-experimental CSS
    renderers submit an implementation report (and, if necessary, the
    testcases used for that implementation report) to the W3C before releasing
    an unprefixed implementation of any CSS features. Testcases submitted to
    W3C are subject to review and correction by the CSS Working Group.
   <p> Further information on submitting testcases and implementation reports
    can be found from on the CSS Working Group's website at <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/Style/CSS/Test/">
    http://www.w3.org/Style/CSS/Test/</a>. Questions should be directed to the
    <a href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-css-testsuite">
    public-css-testsuite@w3.org</a> mailing list.
   <h3 id=cr-exit-criteria><span class=secno>5.6. </span> CR Exit Criteria</h3>
   <p> For this specification to be advanced to Proposed Recommendation, there
    must be at least two independent, interoperable implementations of each
    feature. Each feature may be implemented by a different set of products,
    there is no requirement that all features be implemented by a single
    product. For the purposes of this criterion, we define the following
    terms:
   <dl>
    <dt>independent
    <dd> each implementation must be developed by a different party and cannot
     share, reuse, or derive from code used by another qualifying
     implementation. Sections of code that have no bearing on the
     implementation of this specification are exempt from this requirement.
    <dt>interoperable
    <dd> passing the respective test case(s) in the official CSS test suite,
     or, if the implementation is not a Web browser, an equivalent test. Every
     relevant test in the test suite should have an equivalent test created if
     such a user agent (UA) is to be used to claim interoperability. In
     addition if such a UA is to be used to claim interoperability, then there
     must one or more additional UAs which can also pass those equivalent
     tests in the same way for the purpose of interoperability. The equivalent
     tests must be made publicly available for the purposes of peer review.
    <dt>implementation
    <dd> a user agent which:
     <ol class=inline>
      <li>implements the specification.
      <li>is available to the general public. The implementation may be a
       shipping product or other publicly available version (i.e., beta
       version, preview release, or “nightly build”). Non-shipping product
       releases must have implemented the feature(s) for a period of at least
       one month in order to demonstrate stability.
      <li>is not experimental (i.e., a version specifically designed to pass
       the test suite and is not intended for normal usage going forward).
     </ol>
   </dl>
   <p> The specification will remain Candidate Recommendation for at least six
    months.
   <h2 class=no-num id=acknowledgments>Acknowledgments</h2>
   <p>This specification is made possible by input from Andrei Bucur,
    Alexandru Chiculita, Arron Eicholz, Daniel Glazman, Arno Gourdol, Chris
    Jones, Bem Jones-Bey, Marcus Mielke, Alex Mogilevsky, Hans Muller, Mihnea
    Ovidenie, Virgil Palanciuc, Peter Sorotokin, Bear Travis, Eugene Veselov,
    Stephen Zilles and the CSS Working Group members.
   <h2 class=no-num id=references>References</h2>
   <h3 class=no-num id=normative-references>Normative references</h3>
   <!--begin-normative-->
   <!-- Sorted by label -->
   <dl class=bibliography>
    <dt style="display: none"><!-- keeps the doc valid if the DL is empty -->
     <!---->
    <dt id=CSS21>[CSS21]
    <dd>Bert Bos; et al. <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-CSS2-20110607/"><cite>Cascading Style
     Sheets Level 2 Revision 1 (CSS 2.1) Specification.</cite></a> 7 June
 . W3C Recommendation. URL: <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-CSS2-20110607/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-CSS2-20110607/</a>
    </dd>
    <!---->
    <dt id=CSS3-WRITING-MODES>[CSS3-WRITING-MODES]
    <dd>Elika J. Etemad; Koji Ishii. <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-writing-modes-20121115/"><cite>CSS
     Writing Modes Module Level 3.</cite></a> 15 November 2012. W3C Working
     Draft. (Work in progress.) URL: <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-writing-modes-20121115/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-writing-modes-20121115/</a>
    </dd>
    <!---->
    <dt id=CSS3BOX>[CSS3BOX]
    <dd>Bert Bos. <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-css3-box-20070809"><cite>CSS basic box
     model.</cite></a> 9 August 2007. W3C Working Draft. (Work in progress.)
     URL: <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-css3-box-20070809">http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/WD-css3-box-20070809</a>
    </dd>
    <!---->
    <dt id=CSS3UI>[CSS3UI]
    <dd>Tantek Çelik. <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-ui-20120117/"><cite>CSS Basic
     User Interface Module Level 3 (CSS3 UI).</cite></a> 17 January 2012. W3C
     Working Draft. (Work in progress.) URL: <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-ui-20120117/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-ui-20120117/</a>
    </dd>
    <!---->
    <dt id=CSS3VAL>[CSS3VAL]
    <dd>Håkon Wium Lie; Tab Atkins; Elika J. Etemad. <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-css3-values-20120828/"><cite>CSS
     Values and Units Module Level 3.</cite></a> 28 August 2012. W3C Candidate
     Recommendation. (Work in progress.) URL: <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-css3-values-20120828/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-css3-values-20120828/</a>
    </dd>
    <!---->
    <dt id=RFC2119>[RFC2119]
    <dd>S. Bradner. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt"><cite>Key
     words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels.</cite></a> Internet
     RFC 2119. URL: <a
     href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt</a>
    </dd>
    <!---->
    <dt id=SVG11>[SVG11]
    <dd>Erik Dahlström; et al. <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-SVG11-20110816/"><cite>Scalable
     Vector Graphics (SVG) 1.1 (Second Edition).</cite></a> 16 August 2011.
     W3C Recommendation. URL: <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-SVG11-20110816/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-SVG11-20110816/</a>
    </dd>
    <!---->
   </dl>
   <!--end-normative-->
   <h3 class=no-num id=other-references>Other references</h3>
   <!--begin-informative-->
   <!-- Sorted by label -->
   <dl class=bibliography>
    <dt style="display: none"><!-- keeps the doc valid if the DL is empty -->
     <!---->
    <dt id=CSS3-FLEXBOX>[CSS3-FLEXBOX]
    <dd>Tab Atkins Jr.; Elika J. Etemad; Alex Mogilevsky. <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-css3-flexbox-20120918/"><cite>CSS
     Flexible Box Layout Module.</cite></a> 18 September 2012. W3C Candidate
     Recommendation. (Work in progress.) URL: <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-css3-flexbox-20120918/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-css3-flexbox-20120918/</a>
    </dd>
    <!---->
    <dt id=CSS3-GRID-LAYOUT>[CSS3-GRID-LAYOUT]
    <dd>Alex Mogilevsky; et al. <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-grid-layout-20121106/"><cite>CSS
     Grid Layout.</cite></a> 6 November 2012. W3C Working Draft. (Work in
     progress.) URL: <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-grid-layout-20121106/">http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-grid-layout-20121106/</a>
    </dd>
    <!---->
   </dl>
   <!--end-informative-->
   <h2 class=no-num id=index>Index</h2>
   <!--begin-index-->
   <ul class=indexlist>
    <li>authoring tool, <a href="#authoring-tool"
     title="section 5.2."><strong>5.2.</strong></a>
    <li>circle, <a href="#circle"
     title="section 4.2.1."><strong>4.2.1.</strong></a>
    <li>Content area, <a href="#content-area"
     title="section 2."><strong>2.</strong></a>
    <li>ellipse, <a href="#ellipse"
     title="section 4.2.1."><strong>4.2.1.</strong></a>
    <li>Exclusion area, <a href="#exclusion-area"
     title="section 2."><strong>2.</strong></a>
    <li>Exclusion box, <a href="#exclusion-box"
     title="section 2."><strong>2.</strong></a>
    <li>Exclusion element, <a href="#exclusion-element"
     title="section 2."><strong>2.</strong></a>
    <li>Float area, <a href="#float-area"
     title="section 2."><strong>2.</strong></a>
    <li>outside-inside, <a href="#outside-and-inside"
     title="section 2."><strong>2.</strong></a>
    <li>polygon, <a href="#polygon"
     title="section 4.2.1."><strong>4.2.1.</strong></a>
    <li>rectangle, <a href="#rectangle"
     title="section 4.2.1."><strong>4.2.1.</strong></a>
    <li>renderer, <a href="#renderer"
     title="section 5.2."><strong>5.2.</strong></a>
    <li>‘<a href="#shape-image-threshold"><code
     class=property>shape-image-threshold</code></a>’, <a
     href="#shape-image-threshold"
     title="section 4.4.3."><strong>4.4.3.</strong></a>
     <ul>
      <li>‘<code class=css>&lt;alphavalue&gt;</code>’, <a
       href="#ltalphavaluegt"
       title="section 4.4.3."><strong>4.4.3.</strong></a>
     </ul>
    <li>‘<a href="#shape-inside"><code
     class=property>shape-inside</code></a>’, <a href="#shape-inside"
     title="section 4.4.2."><strong>4.4.2.</strong></a>
     <ul>
      <li>‘<code class=property>auto</code>’, <a href="#auto1"
       title="section 4.4.2."><strong>4.4.2.</strong></a>
      <li>‘<code class=property>outside-shape</code>’, <a
       href="#outside-shape"
       title="section 4.4.2."><strong>4.4.2.</strong></a>
      <li>‘<code class=css>&lt;shape&gt;</code>’, <a href="#ltshapegt0"
       title="section 4.4.2."><strong>4.4.2.</strong></a>
      <li>‘<code class=css>&lt;uri&gt;</code>’, <a href="#lturigt0"
       title="section 4.4.2."><strong>4.4.2.</strong></a>
     </ul>
    <li>‘<a href="#shape-margin"><code
     class=property>shape-margin</code></a>’, <a href="#shape-margin"
     title="section 4.4.4."><strong>4.4.4.</strong></a>
    <li>‘<a href="#shape-outside"><code
     class=property>shape-outside</code></a>’, <a href="#shape-outside"
     title="section 4.4.1."><strong>4.4.1.</strong></a>
     <ul>
      <li>‘<code class=property>auto</code>’, <a href="#auto0"
       title="section 4.4.1."><strong>4.4.1.</strong></a>
      <li>‘<code class=css>&lt;shape&gt;</code>’, <a href="#ltshapegt"
       title="section 4.4.1."><strong>4.4.1.</strong></a>
      <li>‘<code class=css>&lt;uri&gt;</code>’, <a href="#lturigt"
       title="section 4.4.1."><strong>4.4.1.</strong></a>
     </ul>
    <li>‘<a href="#shape-padding"><code
     class=property>shape-padding</code></a>’, <a href="#shape-padding"
     title="section 4.4.5."><strong>4.4.5.</strong></a>
    <li>style sheet
     <ul>
      <li>as conformance class, <a href="#style-sheet"
       title="section 5.2."><strong>5.2.</strong></a>
     </ul>
    <li>‘<a href="#wrap-flow"><code class=property>wrap-flow</code></a>’,
     <a href="#wrap-flow" title="section 3.1.1."><strong>3.1.1.</strong></a>
     <ul>
      <li>‘<code class=property>auto</code>’, <a href="#auto"
       title="section 3.1.1."><strong>3.1.1.</strong></a>
      <li>‘<code class=property>both</code>’, <a href="#both"
       title="section 3.1.1."><strong>3.1.1.</strong></a>
      <li>‘<code class=property>clear</code>’, <a href="#clear"
       title="section 3.1.1."><strong>3.1.1.</strong></a>
      <li>‘<code class=property>end</code>’, <a href="#end"
       title="section 3.1.1."><strong>3.1.1.</strong></a>
      <li>‘<code class=property>maximum</code>’, <a href="#maximum"
       title="section 3.1.1."><strong>3.1.1.</strong></a>
      <li>‘<code class=property>minimum</code>’, <a href="#minimum"
       title="section 3.1.1."><strong>3.1.1.</strong></a>
      <li>‘<code class=property>start</code>’, <a href="#start"
       title="section 3.1.1."><strong>3.1.1.</strong></a>
     </ul>
    <li>Wrapping context, <a href="#wrapping-context"
     title="section 2."><strong>2.</strong></a>
    <li>‘<a href="#wrap-through"><code
     class=property>wrap-through</code></a>’, <a href="#wrap-through"
     title="section 3.3.1."><strong>3.3.1.</strong></a>
     <ul>
      <li>‘<code class=property>none</code>’, <a href="#none"
       title="section 3.3.1."><strong>3.3.1.</strong></a>
      <li>‘<code class=property>wrap</code>’, <a href="#wrap"
       title="section 3.3.1."><strong>3.3.1.</strong></a>
     </ul>
   </ul>
   <!--end-index-->
   <h2 class=no-num id=property-index>Property index</h2>
   <!--begin-properties-->
   <table class=proptable>
    <thead>
     <tr>
      <th>Property
      <th>Values
      <th>Initial
      <th>Applies to
      <th>Inh.
      <th>Percentages
      <th>Media
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <th><a class=property
       href="#shape-image-threshold">shape-image-threshold</a>
      <td>&lt;alphavalue&gt;
      <td>0.5
      <td>block-level elements
      <td>no
      <td>alpha channel of the image specified by &lt;uri&gt;
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th><a class=property href="#shape-inside">shape-inside</a>
      <td>outside-shape | auto | &lt;shape&gt; | &lt;uri&gt;
      <td>outside-shape
      <td>block-level elements
      <td>no
      <td>N/A
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th><a class=property href="#shape-margin">shape-margin</a>
      <td>&lt;length&gt;
      <td>0
      <td>exclusion elements and floats
      <td>no
      <td>N/A
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th><a class=property href="#shape-outside">shape-outside</a>
      <td>auto | &lt;shape&gt; | &lt;uri&gt;
      <td>auto
      <td>exclusion elements and floats
      <td>no
      <td>N/A
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th><a class=property href="#shape-padding">shape-padding</a>
      <td>&lt;length&gt;
      <td>0
      <td>block-level elements
      <td>no
      <td>N/A
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th><a class=property href="#wrap-flow">wrap-flow</a>
      <td>auto | both | start | end | minimum | maximum | clear
      <td>auto
      <td>block-level elements.
      <td>no
      <td>N/A
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th><a class=property href="#wrap-through">wrap-through</a>
      <td>wrap | none
      <td>wrap
      <td>block-level elements
      <td>no
      <td>N/A
      <td>visual
   </table>
   <!--end-properties-->
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    data-bug_status="{{bug_status}}"> <a
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     <p class=short-desc>{{short_desc}}
    </div>
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   <script src="../shared/scripts/BugzillaTracker.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
   <script type="text/javascript">
               checkSpecificationIssues(‘</script>
   <p><code class=property>CSS</code>’, ‘<code
    class=property>Exclusions</code>’);
   <h2 class=no-num id=change-log>Change Log</h2>
   <h3 id=since-may-3rd-2012><span class=secno>5.7. </span>Since <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-exclusions-20120503/">May 3rd
 </a></h3>
   <ul>
    <li>Defined exclusion edges relative to wrapping content's writing mode
    <li>Made use of start, end, before and after consistent
    <li>Added interpolation for basic shapes
    <li>Changed basic shapes to depend on box specified with box-sizing
    <li>Added overflow behavior for shape-inside.
    <li>Added wrap-flow:minimum.
    <li>Clarified processing model.
    <li>Changed wrap-margin and wrap-padding to shape-margin and
     shape-padding.
    <li>Removed wrap shorthand.
   </ul>
   <h3 id=since-december-13th-2011><span class=secno>5.8. </span>Since <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-css3-exclusions-20111213/">December
 th 2011</a></h3>
   <ul>
    <li>Clarified processing model.
    <li>Clarified interaction with floats.
    <li>Clarified that an exclusion element establishes a new block formatting
     context.
   </ul>
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