drafts: css3-animations/Overview.html@07b883120d89 (annotated)

css3-animations/Overview.html@07b883120d89 (annotated)

css3-animations/Overview.html

Wed, 28 Mar 2012 21:59:03 -0700

author: L. David Baron <dbaron@dbaron.org>
date: Wed, 28 Mar 2012 21:59:03 -0700
changeset 5298: 07b883120d89
parent 5294: 7cddcc2eae6e
child 5303: 083f80ca0535
permissions: -rw-r--r--

Add necessary []s to grammar: since juxtaposition binds tighter than |, [] are needed so that the comma needs to separate all the items in the list (rather than requiring a comma to separate values only for the first of the options).

 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
 "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
 <html lang=en>
  <head>
   <title>CSS Animations</title>
   <link href="../default.css" rel=stylesheet type="text/css">
   <link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-ED.css" rel=stylesheet
   type="text/css">
  <body>
   <div class=head> <!--begin-logo-->
    <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt=W3C height=48
     src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width=72></a> <!--end-logo-->
    <h1>CSS Animations</h1>
    <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=longstatus-date>Editor's Draft 29 March 2012</h2>
    <dl>
     <dt>This version:
     <dd><a
      href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/ED-css3-animations-20120329/">http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-animations/</a>
      <!--http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-css3-animations-20120329-->
     <dt>Latest version:
     <dd><a
      href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-animations">http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-animations/</a>
     <dt>Editor's draft:
     <dd><a
      href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-animations/">http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-animations/</a>
     <dt>Previous version:
     <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-css3-animations-20090320/">
      http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-css3-animations-20090320/</a>
     <dt id=editors-list>Editors:
     <dd><a href="mailto:dino@apple.com">Dean Jackson</a> (<a
      href="http://www.apple.com/">Apple Inc</a>)
     <dd><a href="mailto:hyatt@apple.com">David Hyatt</a> (<a
      href="http://www.apple.com/">Apple Inc</a>)
     <dd><a href="mailto:cmarrin@apple.com">Chris Marrin</a> (<a
      href="http://www.apple.com/">Apple Inc</a>)
     <dd><a href="mailto:sylvaing@microsoft.com">Sylvain Galineau</a> (<a
      class=org href="http://www.microsoft.com/">Microsoft</a>)
     <dd class=vcard><a class=fn href="http://dbaron.org/">L. David Baron</a>
      (<a class=org href="http://www.mozilla.org/">Mozilla</a>)
     <dt>Issues list:
     <dd><a
      href="https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/buglist.cgi?query_format=advanced&amp;product=CSS&amp;component=Animations&amp;resolution=---&amp;cmdtype=doit">in
      Bugzilla</a>
     <dt>Discussion:
     <dd><a
      href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/">www-style@w3.org</a>
      with subject line &ldquo;<kbd>[css3-animations] <var>&hellip; message
      topic &hellip;</var></kbd>&rdquo;
     <dt>Test suite:
     <dd>none yet
    </dl>
    <!--begin-copyright-->
    <p class=copyright><a
     href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright"
     rel=license>Copyright</a> &copy; 2012 <a href="http://www.w3.org/"><abbr
     title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr></a><sup>&reg;</sup> (<a
     href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><abbr
     title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr></a>, <a
     href="http://www.ercim.eu/"><abbr
     title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics">ERCIM</abbr></a>,
     <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>), All Rights Reserved. W3C <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
     <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a>
     and <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document
     use</a> rules apply.</p>
    <!--end-copyright-->
    <hr title="Separator for header">
   </div>
   <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=abstract>Abstract</h2>
   <p>This CSS module describes a way for authors to animate the values of CSS
    properties over time, using keyframes. The behavior of these keyframe
    animations can be controlled by specifying their duration, number of
    repeats, and repeating behavior.
   <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=status>Status of this document</h2>
   <!--begin-status-->
   <p>This is a public copy of the editors' draft. It is provided for
    discussion only and may change at any moment. Its publication here does
    not imply endorsement of its contents by W3C. Don't cite this document
    other than as work in progress.
   <p>The (<a
    href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-style/">archived</a>) public
    mailing list <a
    href="mailto:www-style@w3.org?Subject=%5Bcss3-animations%5D%20PUT%20SUBJECT%20HERE">
    www-style@w3.org</a> (see <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/Mail/Request">instructions</a>) is preferred for
    discussion of this specification. When sending e-mail, please put the text
    &#8220;css3-animations&#8221; in the subject, preferably like this:
    &#8220;[<!---->css3-animations<!---->] <em>&hellip;summary of
    comment&hellip;</em>&#8221;
   <p>This document was produced by the <a href="/Style/CSS/members">CSS
    Working Group</a> (part of the <a href="/Style/">Style Activity</a>).
   <p>This document was produced by a group operating under the <a
    href="/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/">5 February 2004 W3C Patent
    Policy</a>. W3C maintains a <a href="/2004/01/pp-impl/32061/status"
    rel=disclosure>public list of any patent disclosures</a> made in
    connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes
    instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual
    knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains <a
    href="/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#def-essential">Essential
    Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with <a
    href="/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/#sec-Disclosure">section 6 of the
    W3C Patent Policy</a>.</p>
   <!--end-status-->
   <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=contents>Table of contents</h2>
   <!--begin-toc-->
   <ul class=toc>
    <li><a href="#introduction"><span class=secno>1. </span>Introduction</a>
    <li><a href="#animations"><span class=secno>2. </span>Animations</a>
    <li><a href="#keyframes"><span class=secno>3. </span>Keyframes</a>
     <ul class=toc>
      <li><a href="#timing-functions-for-keyframes-"><span class=secno>3.1.
       </span> Timing functions for keyframes </a>
      <li><a href="#the-animation-name-property-"><span class=secno>3.2.
       </span> The <code class=property>'animation-name'</code> Property </a>
      <li><a href="#the-animation-duration-property-"><span class=secno>3.3.
       </span> The <code class=property>'animation-duration'</code> Property
       </a>
      <li><a href="#animation-timing-function_tag"><span class=secno>3.4.
       </span> The <code class=property>'animation-timing-function'</code>
       Property </a>
      <li><a href="#the-animation-iteration-count-property-"><span
       class=secno>3.5. </span> The <code
       class=property>'animation-iteration-count'</code> Property </a>
      <li><a href="#the-animation-direction-property-"><span class=secno>3.6.
       </span> The <code class=property>'animation-direction'</code> Property
       </a>
      <li><a href="#the-animation-play-state-property-"><span class=secno>3.7.
       </span> The <code class=property>'animation-play-state'</code> Property
       </a>
      <li><a href="#the-animation-delay-property-"><span class=secno>3.8.
       </span> The <code class=property>'animation-delay'</code> Property </a>
      <li><a href="#the-animation-fill-mode-property-"><span class=secno>3.9.
       </span> The <code class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code> Property
       </a>
      <li><a href="#the-animation-shorthand-property-"><span class=secno>3.10.
       </span> The <code class=property>'animation'</code> Shorthand Property
       </a>
     </ul>
    <li><a href="#animation-events-"><span class=secno>4. </span> Animation
     Events </a>
    <li><a href="#dom-interfaces-"><span class=secno>5. </span> DOM Interfaces
     </a>
    <li><a href="#references"><span class=secno>6. </span>References</a>
     <ul class=toc>
      <li class=no-num><a href="#normative-references">Normative
       references</a>
      <li class=no-num><a href="#other-references">Other references</a>
     </ul>
    <li class=no-num><a href="#property-index">Property index</a>
    <li class=no-num><a href="#index">Index</a>
   </ul>
   <!--end-toc-->
   <h2 id=introduction><span class=secno>1. </span>Introduction</h2>
   <p><em>This section is not normative.</em>
   <p> CSS Transitions <a href="#CSS3-TRANSITIONS"
    rel=biblioentry>[CSS3-TRANSITIONS]<!--{{!CSS3-TRANSITIONS}}--></a> provide
    a way to interpolate CSS property values when they change as a result of
    underlying property changes. This provides an easy way to do simple
    animation, but the start and end states of the animation are controlled by
    the existing property values, and transitions provide little control to
    the author on how the animation progresses.
   <p> This proposal introduces <em>defined animations</em>, in which the
    author can specify the changes in CSS properties over time as a set of
    keyframes. Animations are similar to transitions in that they change the
    presentational value of CSS properties over time. The principal difference
    is that while transitions trigger <i>implicitly</i> when property values
    change, animations are <i>explicitly</i> executed when the animation
    properties are applied. Because of this, animations require explicit
    values for the properties being animated. These values are specified using
    animation keyframes, described below.
   <p> Many aspects of the animation can be controlled, including how many
    times the animation iterates, whether or not it alternates between the
    begin and end values, and whether or not the animation should be running
    or paused. An animation can also delay its start time.
   <h2 id=animations><span class=secno>2. </span>Animations</h2>
   <p> CSS Animations affect computed property values. During the execution of
    an animation, the computed value for a property is controlled by the
    animation. This overrides the value specified in the normal styling
    system.
   <p> In the case of multiple animations specifying behavior for the same
    property, the animation defined last will override the previously defined
    animations.
   <p> An animation does not affect the computed value before the application
    of the animation, before the animation delay has expired, and after the
    end of the animation.
   <div class=figure> <img alt="" src=sandwich.png></div>
   <p class=caption> Computation of animated property values
   <p> The diagram above shows how property values are computed. The intrinsic
    style is shown at the top of the diagram. The computed value is derived
    from intrinsic style at the times when an animation is not running and
    also when an animation is delayed (see below for specification of
    animation delay). During an animation, the computed style is derived from
    the animated value.
   <p> The start time of an animation is the latter of two moments: the time
    at which the style is resolved that specifies the animation, or the time
    the document's load event is fired. Therefore, an animation specified in
    the document style sheet will begin at the document load. An animation
    specified on an element by modifying the style after the document has
    loaded will start when the style is resolved. That may be immediately in
    the case of a pseudo style rule such as hover, or may be when the
    scripting engine returns control to the browser (in the case of style
    applied by script).
   <p> An animation applies to an element if the element has a value for <a
    href="#animation-name"><code class=property>'animation-name'</code></a>
    that references a valid keyframes rule. Once an animation has started it
    continues until it ends or the <a href="#animation-name"><code
    class=property>'animation-name'</code></a> is removed. The values used for
    the keyframes and animation properties are snapshotted at the time the
    animation starts. Changing them during the execution of the animation has
    no effect. Note also, that changing the value of <a
    href="#animation-name"><code class=property>'animation-name'</code></a>
    does not necessarily restart an animation (e.g., if a list of animations
    are applied and one is removed from the list, only that animation will
    stop; The other animations will continue). In order to restart an
    animation, it must be removed then reapplied.
   <p> The end of the animation is defined by the combination of the <a
    href="#animation-duration"><code
    class=property>'animation-duration'</code></a>, <a
    href="#animation-iteration-count"><code
    class=property>'animation-iteration-count'</code></a> and <a
    href="#animation-fill-mode"><code
    class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code></a> properties.
   <div class=example>
    <p style="display:none"> Example(s):</p>
    <pre>
     div {
       animation-name: diagonal-slide;
       animation-duration: 5s;
       animation-iteration-count: 10;
     }
     @keyframes diagonal-slide {
       from {
         left: 0;
         top: 0;
       }
       to {
         left: 100px;
         top: 100px;
       }
     }
     </pre>
    This will produce an animation that moves an element from (0, 0) to
    (100px, 100px) over five seconds and repeats itself nine times (for a
    total of ten iterations).</div>
   <h2 id=keyframes><span class=secno>3. </span>Keyframes</h2>
   <p> Keyframes are used to specify the values for the animating properties
    at various points during the animation. The keyframes specify the behavior
    of one cycle of the animation; the animation may iterate one or more
    times.
   <p> Keyframes are specified using a specialized CSS at-rule. A <code
    class=property>@keyframes</code> rule consists of the keyword
    "@keyframes", followed by an identifier giving a name for the animation
    (which will be referenced using <a href="#animation-name"><code
    class=property>'animation-name'</code></a>), followed by a set of style
    rules (delimited by curly braces).
   <p> The <i>keyframe selector</i> for a keyframe style rule consists of a
    comma-separated list of percentage values or the keywords &lsquo;<code
    class=property>from</code>&rsquo; or &lsquo;<code
    class=property>to</code>&rsquo;. The selector is used to specify the
    percentage along the duration of the animation that the keyframe
    represents. The keyframe itself is specified by the block of property
    values declared on the selector. The keyword &lsquo;<code
    class=property>from</code>&rsquo; is equivalent to the value 0%. The
    keyword &lsquo;<code class=property>to</code>&rsquo; is equivalent to the
    value 100%. Note that the percentage unit specifier must be used on
    percentage values. Therefore, "0" is an invalid keyframe selector.
   <p> If a 0% or "from" keyframe is not specified, then the user agent
    constructs a 0% keyframe using the computed values of the properties being
    animated. If a 100% or "to" keyframe is not specified, then the user agent
    constructs a 100% keyframe using the computed values of the properties
    being animated.
   <p> The <i>keyframe declaration</i> for a keyframe rule consists of
    properties and values. Properties that are unable to be animated are
    ignored in these rules, with the exception of <a
    href="#animation-timing-function"><code
    class=property>'animation-timing-function'</code></a>, the behavior of
    which is described below.
   <p class=note> NOTE: describe what happens if a property is not present in
    all keyframes.
   <p> The @keyframes rule that is used by an animation will be the last one
    encountered in sorted rules order that matches the name of the animation
    specified by the <a href="#animation-name"><code
    class=property>'animation-name'</code></a> property. <code
    class=css>@keyframes</code> rules do not cascade; therefore an animation
    will never derive keyframes from more than one <code
    class=css>@keyframes</code> rule.
   <p> To determine the set of keyframes, all of the values in the selectors
    are sorted in increasing order by time. If there are any duplicates, then
    the last keyframe specified inside the <code class=css>@keyframes</code>
    rule will be used to provide the keyframe information for that time. There
    is no cascading within a <code class=css>@keyframes</code> rule if
    multiple keyframes specify the same keyframe selector values.
   <p> If property is not specified for a keyframe, or is specified but
    invalid, the animation of that property proceeds as if that keyframe did
    not exist. Conceptually, it is as if a set of keyframes is constructed for
    each property that is present in any of the keyframes, and an animation is
    run independently for each property.
   <div class=example>
    <p style="display:none"> Example(s):</p>
    <pre>
   @keyframes wobble {
 % {
       left: 100px;
     }
 % {
       left: 150px;
     }
 % {
       left: 75px;
     }
 % {
       left: 100px;
     }
   }
   </pre>
    Four keyframes are specified for the animation named "wobble". In the
    first keyframe, shown at the beginning of the animation cycle, the
    &lsquo;<code class=property>left</code>&rsquo; value of the animation is
 px. By 40% of the animation duration, &lsquo;<code
    class=property>left</code>&rsquo; value has animated to 150px. At 60% of
    the animation duration, the &lsquo;<code class=property>left</code>&rsquo;
    value has animated back to 75px. At the end of the animation cycle, the
    &lsquo;<code class=property>left</code>&rsquo; value has returned to
 px. The diagram below shows the state of the animation if it were given
    a duration of 10s.
    <div class=figure> <img alt="" src=animation1.png></div>
    <p class=caption> Animations states specified by keyframes</p>
   </div>
   <p> The following is the grammar for the keyframes rule.
   <pre>
         keyframes_rule: KEYFRAMES_SYM S+ IDENT S* '{' S* keyframes_blocks '}' S*;
         keyframes_blocks: [ keyframe_selector '{' S* declaration? [ ';' S* declaration? ]* '}' S* ]* ;
         keyframe_selector: [ FROM_SYM | TO_SYM | PERCENTAGE ] S* [ ',' S* [ FROM_SYM | TO_SYM | PERCENTAGE ] S* ]*;
         @{K}{E}{Y}{F}{R}{A}{M}{E}{S}   {return KEYFRAMES_SYM;}
         {F}{R}{O}{M}                   {return FROM_SYM;}
         {T}{O}                         {return TO_SYM;}
       </pre>
   <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
   <h3 id=timing-functions-for-keyframes-><span class=secno>3.1. </span>
    Timing functions for keyframes</h3>
   <p> A keyframe style rule may also declare the timing function that is to
    be used as the animation moves to the next keyframe.
   <div class=example>
    <p style="display:none"> Example(s):</p>
    <pre>
   @keyframes bounce {
     from {
       top: 100px;
       animation-timing-function: ease-out;
     }
 % {
       top: 50px;
       animation-timing-function: ease-in;
     }
 % {
       top: 100px;
       animation-timing-function: ease-out;
     }
 % {
       top: 75px;
       animation-timing-function: ease-in;
     }
     to {
       top: 100px;
     }
   }
   </pre>
    Five keyframes are specified for the animation named "bounce". Between the
    first and second keyframe (i.e., between 0% and 25%) an "ease-out" timing
    function is used. Between the second and third keyframe (i.e., between 25%
    and 50%) an "ease-in" timing function is used. And so on. The effect will
    appear as an element that moves up the page 50px, slowing down as it
    reaches its highest point then speeding up as it falls back to 100px. The
    second half of the animation behaves in a similar manner, but only moves
    the element 25px units up the page. A timing function specified on the
    "to" or 100% keyframe is ignored</div>
   <p> See <a href="#animation-timing-function_tag">the <code
    class=property>'animation-timing-function'</code> property</a> for more
    information.</p>
   <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
   <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
   <h3 id=the-animation-name-property-><span class=secno>3.2. </span> The <a
    href="#animation-name"><code class=property>'animation-name'</code></a>
    Property</h3>
   <p> The <a href="#animation-name"><code
    class=property>'animation-name'</code></a> property defines a list of
    animations that apply. Each name is used to select the keyframe at-rule
    that provides the property values for the animation. If the name does not
    match any keyframe at-rule, there are no properties to be animated and the
    animation will not execute. Furthermore, if the animation name is
    &lsquo;<code class=property>none</code>&rsquo; then there will be no
    animation. This can be used to override any animations coming from the
    cascade. If animations are attempting to modify the same property, then
    the animation closest to the end of the list of names wins.
   <p> Each animation listed by name should have a corresponding value for the
    other animation properties listed below. In the case where the other
    properties do not have lists of the correct length, their values are
    repeated to form a list with the same number of entries as <a
    href="#animation-name"><code class=property>'animation-name'</code></a>.
   <table class=propdef>
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Name:</em>
      <td> <dfn id=animation-name>animation-name</dfn>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Value:</em>
      <td> none | IDENT [, [ none | IDENT ] ]*
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Initial:</em>
      <td> none
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Applies&nbsp;to:</em>
      <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
      <td> no
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
      <td> N/A
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Media:</em>
      <td> visual
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
      <td> Same as specified value.
   </table>
   <!--
       <p>
         It is possible for elements to have multiple animations running that change the same property or properties. In this case the animations combine in a manner defined by the property. For example, animations on <code class="property">'opacity'</code> will add together and animations on <code class="property">'transform'</code> will have their transformation matrices multiplied.
       </p>
       <div class="example">
         <p style="display:none">
           Example(s):
         </p>
         <pre>
         @keyframes 'border-bloat' {
           from {
             border-width: 0;
           }
           to {
             border-width: 10px;
           }
         }
         @keyframes 'border-diet' {
           from {
             border-width: 4px;
           }
           to {
             border-width: 2px;
           }
         }
         div {
           animation-name: 'border-bloat', 'border-diet';
           animation-duration: 10s, 4s;
         }
       </pre>
       <p>
       The above example has two animations executing on the same property, <code class="property">'border-width'</code>. The animations are additive. That is, the
       resulting value for the property will be the addition of the values from the
       two animations.
       </p>
       <p>
         At time '0s' the element's border will be 4px wide (0px from 'border-bloat' plus 4px from 'border-diet').
         At time '4s' the element's border will be 6px wide (4px from 'border-bloat' plus 2px from 'border-diet').
         At time '10s' the element's border will be 10px wide (10px from 'border-bloat' and no addition from
         'border-diet' as it is no longer executing).
       </p>
     </div>
   -->
   <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
   <h3 id=the-animation-duration-property-><span class=secno>3.3. </span> The
    <a href="#animation-duration"><code
    class=property>'animation-duration'</code></a> Property</h3>
   <p> The <a href="#animation-duration"><code
    class=property>'animation-duration'</code></a> property defines the length
    of time that an animation takes to complete one cycle.
   <table class=propdef>
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Name:</em>
      <td> <dfn id=animation-duration>animation-duration</dfn>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Value:</em>
      <td> &lt;time&gt; [, &lt;time&gt;]*
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Initial:</em>
      <td> 0s
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Applies&nbsp;to:</em>
      <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
      <td> no
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
      <td> N/A
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Media:</em>
      <td> visual
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
      <td> Same as specified value.
   </table>
   <p> By default the value is &lsquo;<code class=css>0s</code>&rsquo;,
    meaning that the animation cycle is immediate. A negative value for <a
    href="#animation-duration"><code
    class=property>'animation-duration'</code></a> is treated as &lsquo;<code
    class=css>0s</code>&rsquo;. In this case <a
    href="#animation-fill-mode"><code
    class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code></a> still applies, so an
    animation that fills backwards will show the value of the 0% keyframe
    during any delay period, and an animation that fill forwards will retain
    the value specified at the 100% keyframe, even if the animation was
    instantaneous. Also, animation events are still fired.</p>
   <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
   <h3 id="animation-timing-function_tag"><span class=secno>3.4. </span> The
    <a href="#animation-timing-function"><code
    class=property>'animation-timing-function'</code></a> Property</h3>
   <p> The <a href="#animation-timing-function"><code
    class=property>'animation-timing-function'</code></a> property describes
    how the animation will progress over one cycle of its duration. See the
    <code class=property>'transition-timing-function'</code> property <a
    href="#CSS3-TRANSITIONS"
    rel=biblioentry>[CSS3-TRANSITIONS]<!--{{!CSS3-TRANSITIONS}}--></a> for a
    complete description of timing function calculation.
   <table class=propdef>
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Name:</em>
      <td> <dfn id=animation-timing-function>animation-timing-function</dfn>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Value:</em>
      <td> ease | linear | ease-in | ease-out | ease-in-out | step-start |
       step-end | steps(&lt;number&gt;[, start | end ]) |
       cubic-bezier(&lt;number&gt;, &lt;number&gt;, &lt;number&gt;,
       &lt;number&gt;) [, [ ease | linear | ease-in | ease-out | ease-in-out |
       step-start | step-end | steps(&lt;number&gt;[, start | end ]) |
       cubic-bezier(&lt;number&gt;, &lt;number&gt;, &lt;number&gt;,
       &lt;number&gt;)] ]*
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Initial:</em>
      <td> ease
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Applies&nbsp;to:</em>
      <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
      <td> no
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
      <td> N/A
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Media:</em>
      <td> visual
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
      <td> Same as specified value.
   </table>
   <p> For a keyframed animation, the <a
    href="#animation-timing-function"><code
    class=property>'animation-timing-function'</code></a> applies between
    keyframes, not over the entire animation. For example, in the case of an
    ease-in-out timing function, an animation will ease in at the start of the
    keyframe and ease out at the end of the keyframe. A <a
    href="#animation-timing-function"><code
    class=property>'animation-timing-function'</code></a> defined within a
    keyframe block applies to that keyframe, otherwise the timing function
    specified for the animation is used.</p>
   <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
   <h3 id=the-animation-iteration-count-property-><span class=secno>3.5.
    </span> The <a href="#animation-iteration-count"><code
    class=property>'animation-iteration-count'</code></a> Property</h3>
   <p> The <a href="#animation-iteration-count"><code
    class=property>'animation-iteration-count'</code></a> property defines the
    number of times an animation cycle is played. The default value is one,
    meaning the animation will play from beginning to end once. A value of
    <code class=css>'infinite'</code> will cause the animation to repeat
    forever. Non-integer numbers will cause the animation to end part-way
    through a cycle. Negative values of <a
    href="#animation-iteration-count"><code
    class=property>'animation-iteration-count'</code></a> are invalid. This
    property is often used with an <a href="#animation-direction"><code
    class=property>'animation-direction'</code></a> value of <code
    class=css>alternate</code>, which will cause the animation to play in
    reverse on alternate cycles.
   <table class=propdef>
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Name:</em>
      <td> <dfn id=animation-iteration-count>animation-iteration-count</dfn>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Value:</em>
      <td> infinite | &lt;number&gt; [, [ infinite | &lt;number&gt; ] ]*
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Initial:</em>
      <td> 1
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Applies&nbsp;to:</em>
      <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
      <td> no
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
      <td> N/A
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Media:</em>
      <td> visual
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
      <td> Same as specified value.
   </table>
   <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
   <h3 id=the-animation-direction-property-><span class=secno>3.6. </span> The
    <a href="#animation-direction"><code
    class=property>'animation-direction'</code></a> Property</h3>
   <p> The <a href="#animation-direction"><code
    class=property>'animation-direction'</code></a> property defines whether
    or not the animation should play in reverse on alternate cycles. If <code
    class=css>alternate</code> is specified, the animation cycle iterations
    that are odd counts are played in the normal direction, and the animation
    cycle iterations that are even counts are played in a reverse direction.
    When an animation is played in reverse the timing functions are also
    reversed. For example, when played in reverse an ease-in animation would
    appear to be an ease-out animation.
   <table class=propdef>
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Name:</em>
      <td> <dfn id=animation-direction>animation-direction</dfn>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Value:</em>
      <td> normal | alternate [, [ normal | alternate ] ]*
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Initial:</em>
      <td> normal
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Applies&nbsp;to:</em>
      <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
      <td> no
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
      <td> N/A
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Media:</em>
      <td> visual
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
      <td> Same as specified value.
   </table>
   <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
   <h3 id=the-animation-play-state-property-><span class=secno>3.7. </span>
    The <a href="#animation-play-state"><code
    class=property>'animation-play-state'</code></a> Property</h3>
   <p> The <a href="#animation-play-state"><code
    class=property>'animation-play-state'</code></a> property defines whether
    the animation is running or paused. A running animation can be paused by
    setting this property to <code class=css>'paused'</code>. To continue
    running a paused animation this property can be set to <code
    class=css>'running'</code>. A paused animation will continue to display
    the current value of the animation in a static state, as if the time of
    the animation is constant. When a paused animation is resumed, it restarts
    from the current value, not necessarily from the beginning of the
    animation.
   <table class=propdef>
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Name:</em>
      <td> <dfn id=animation-play-state>animation-play-state</dfn>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Value:</em>
      <td> running | paused [, [ running | paused ] ]*
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Initial:</em>
      <td> running
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Applies&nbsp;to:</em>
      <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
      <td> no
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
      <td> N/A
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Media:</em>
      <td> visual
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
      <td> Same as specified value.
   </table>
   <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
   <h3 id=the-animation-delay-property-><span class=secno>3.8. </span> The <a
    href="#animation-delay"><code class=property>'animation-delay'</code></a>
    Property</h3>
   <p> The <a href="#animation-delay"><code
    class=property>'animation-delay'</code></a> property defines when the
    animation will start. It allows an animation to begin execution some time
    after it is applied. An <a href="#animation-delay"><code
    class=property>'animation-delay'</code></a> value of &lsquo;<code
    class=css>0s</code>&rsquo; means the animation will execute as soon as it
    is applied. Otherwise, the value specifies an offset from the moment the
    animation is applied, and the animation will delay execution by that
    offset.
   <p> If the value for <a href="#animation-delay"><code
    class=property>'animation-delay'</code></a> is a negative time offset then
    the animation will execute the moment it is applied, but will appear to
    have begun execution at the specified offset. That is, the animation will
    appear to begin part-way through its play cycle. In the case where an
    animation has implied starting values and a negative <a
    href="#animation-delay"><code class=property>'animation-delay'</code></a>,
    the starting values are taken from the moment the animation is applied.
   <table class=propdef>
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Name:</em>
      <td> <dfn id=animation-delay>animation-delay</dfn>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Value:</em>
      <td> &lt;time&gt; [, &lt;time&gt;]*
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Initial:</em>
      <td> 0s
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Applies&nbsp;to:</em>
      <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
      <td> no
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
      <td> N/A
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Media:</em>
      <td> visual
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
      <td> Same as specified value.
   </table>
   <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
   <h3 id=the-animation-fill-mode-property-><span class=secno>3.9. </span> The
    <a href="#animation-fill-mode"><code
    class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code></a> Property</h3>
   <p> The <a href="#animation-fill-mode"><code
    class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code></a> property defines what
    values are applied by the animation outside the time it is executing. By
    default, an animation will not affect property values between the time it
    is applied (the <a href="#animation-name"><code
    class=property>'animation-name'</code></a> property is set on an element)
    and the time it begins execution (which is determined by the <a
    href="#animation-delay"><code class=property>'animation-delay'</code></a>
    property). Also, by default an animation does not affect property values
    after the animation ends (determined by the <a
    href="#animation-duration"><code
    class=property>'animation-duration'</code></a> property). The value of <a
    href="#animation-fill-mode"><code
    class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code></a> can override this
    behavior.
   <p> If the value for <a href="#animation-fill-mode"><code
    class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code></a> is <code
    class=css>'backwards'</code>, then the animation will apply the property
    values defined in its 0% or &lsquo;<code class=property>from</code>&rsquo;
    keyframe as soon as the animation is applied, during the period defined by
    <a href="#animation-delay"><code
    class=property>'animation-delay'</code></a>.
   <p> If the value for <a href="#animation-fill-mode"><code
    class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code></a> is <code
    class=css>'forwards'</code>, then the animation will apply the property
    values defined in its last executing keyframe after the final iteration of
    the animation, until the animation style is removed. The last executing
    keyframe is the &lsquo;<code class=property>to</code>&rsquo; or
    &lsquo;<code class=css>100%</code>&rsquo; keyframe, unless the animation
    has <a href="#animation-direction"><code
    class=property>'animation-direction'</code></a> set to <code
    class=css>'alternate'</code> and both a finite and even iteration count,
    in which case it is the &lsquo;<code class=property>from</code>&rsquo; or
    &lsquo;<code class=css>0%</code>&rsquo; keyframe.
   <p> If the value for <a href="#animation-fill-mode"><code
    class=property>'animation-fill-mode'</code></a> is <code
    class=css>'both'</code>, then the animation will follow the rules for both
    &lsquo;<code class=property>forwards</code>&rsquo; and &lsquo;<code
    class=property>backwards</code>&rsquo;. That is, it will extend the
    animation properties in both directions.
   <table class=propdef>
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Name:</em>
      <td> <dfn id=animation-fill-mode>animation-fill-mode</dfn>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Value:</em>
      <td> none | forwards | backwards | both [, [ none | forwards | backwards
       | both ] ]*
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Initial:</em>
      <td> none
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Applies&nbsp;to:</em>
      <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
      <td> no
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
      <td> N/A
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Media:</em>
      <td> visual
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
      <td> Same as specified value.
   </table>
   <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
   <h3 id=the-animation-shorthand-property-><span class=secno>3.10. </span>
    The <a href="#animation"><code class=property>'animation'</code></a>
    Shorthand Property</h3>
   <p> The <a href="#animation"><code class=property>'animation'</code></a>
    shorthand property combines seven of the animation properties into a
    single property.
   <p> Note that order is important in this property. The first value that can
    be parsed as a time is assigned to the animation-duration. The second
    value that can be parsed as a time is assigned to animation-delay.
   <p class=issue> An alternative proposal is to accept the font shorthand
    approach of using a "/" character between the values of the same type.
    e.g. 2s/4s would mean a duration of 2 seconds and a delay of 4 seconds.
   <table class=propdef>
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Name:</em>
      <td> <dfn id=animation>animation</dfn>
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Value:</em>
      <td> [&lt;animation-name&gt; || &lt;animation-duration&gt; ||
       &lt;animation-timing-function&gt; || &lt;animation-delay&gt; ||
       &lt;animation-iteration-count&gt; || &lt;animation-direction&gt; ||
       &lt;animation-fill-mode&gt;] [, [&lt;animation-name&gt; ||
       &lt;animation-duration&gt; || &lt;animation-timing-function&gt; ||
       &lt;animation-delay&gt; || &lt;animation-iteration-count&gt; ||
       &lt;animation-direction&gt; || &lt;animation-fill-mode&gt;] ]*
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Initial:</em>
      <td> see individual properties
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Applies&nbsp;to:</em>
      <td> all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Inherited:</em>
      <td> no
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Percentages:</em>
      <td> N/A
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Media:</em>
      <td> visual
     <tr>
      <td> <em>Computed value:</em>
      <td> Same as specified value.
   </table>
   <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
   <h2 id=animation-events-><span class=secno>4. </span> Animation Events</h2>
   <p> Several animation related events are available through the <a
    href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Events/events.html">DOM Event
    system</a>. The start and end of an animation, and the end of each
    iteration of an animation all generate DOM events. An element can have
    multiple properties being animated simultaneously. This can occur either
    with a single <a href="#animation-name"><code
    class=property>animation-name</code></a> value with keyframes containing
    multiple properties, or with multiple <a href="#animation-name"><code
    class=property>animation-name</code></a> values. For the purposes of
    events, each <a href="#animation-name"><code
    class=property>animation-name</code></a> specifies a single animation.
    Therefore an event will be generated for each <a
    href="#animation-name"><code class=property>animation-name</code></a>
    value and not necessarily for each property being animated.
   <p> The time the animation has been running is sent with each event
    generated. This allows the event handler to determine the current
    iteration of a looping animation or the current position of an alternating
    animation. This time does not include any time the animation was in the
    <code>paused</code> play state.
   <dl>
    <dt> <b>Interface <i><a id=Events-AnimationEvent
     name=Events-AnimationEvent>AnimationEvent</a></i></b>
    <dd>
     <p> The <code>AnimationEvent</code> interface provides specific
      contextual information associated with Animation events.</p>
     <dl>
      <dt> <br>
       <b>IDL Definition</b>
      <dd>
       <div class=idl-code>
        <pre>
   interface AnimationEvent : Event {
     readonly attribute DOMString          animationName;
     readonly attribute float              elapsedTime;
     void               initAnimationEvent(in DOMString typeArg,
                                           in boolean canBubbleArg,
                                           in boolean cancelableArg,
                                           in DOMString animationNameArg,
                                           in float elapsedTimeArg);
   };
   </pre>
       </div>
      <dt> <b>Attributes</b>
      <dd>
       <dl>
        <dt> <code class=attribute-name><a
         id=Events-AnimationEvent-animationName
         name=Events-AnimationEvent-animationName>animationName</a></code> of
         type <code>DOMString</code>, readonly
        <dd> The value of the <a href="#animation-name"><code
         class=property>animation-name</code></a> property of the animation
         that fired the event.
       </dl>
       <dl>
        <dt> <code class=attribute-name><a
         id=Events-AnimationEvent-elapsedTime
         name=Events-AnimationEvent-elapsedTime>elapsedTime</a></code> of type
         <code>float</code>, readonly
        <dd> The amount of time the animation has been running, in seconds,
         when this event fired, excluding any time the animation was paused.
         For an "animationstart" event, the elapsedTime is zero unless there
         was a negative value for <a href="#animation-delay"><code
         class=property>animation-delay</code></a>, in which case the event
         will be fired with an elapsedTime of (-1 * delay).
       </dl>
      <dt> <b>Methods</b>
      <dd>
       <dl>
        <dt> <code class=method-name><a
         id=Events-AnimationEvent-initAnimationEvent
         name=Events-AnimtionEvent-initAnimationEvent>initAnimationEvent</a></code>
        <dd>
         <div class=method> The <code>initAnimationEvent</code> method is used
          to initialize the value of an <code>AnimationEvent</code> created
          through the <a
          href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Events/events.html#Events-DocumentEvent"><code>DocumentEvent</code></a>
          interface. This method may only be called before the
          <code>AnimationEvent</code> has been dispatched via the
          <code>dispatchEvent</code> method, though it may be called multiple
          times during that phase if necessary. If called multiple times, the
          final invocation takes precedence.
          <div class=parameters> <b>Parameters</b>
           <div class=paramtable>
            <dl>
             <dt> <code class=parameter-name>typeArg</code> of type
              <code>DOMString</code>
             <dd> Specifies the event type.<br>
             <dt> <code class=parameter-name>canBubbleArg</code> of type
              <code>boolean</code>
             <dd> Specifies whether or not the event can bubble.<br>
             <dt> <code class=parameter-name>cancelableArg</code> of type
              <code>boolean</code>
             <dd> Specifies whether or not the event's default action can be
              prevented.
             <dt> <code class=parameter-name>animationNameArg</code> of type
              <code>DOMString</code>
             <dd> Specifies the <a
              href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Events/events.html#Events-Event"><code>Event</code></a>&lsquo;<code
              class=css>s animation name.<br>
              </code>
             <dt> <code class=parameter-name>elapsedTimeArg</code> of type
              <code>float</code>
             <dd> Specifies the amount of time, in seconds, the animation has
              been running at the time of initialization.
            </dl>
           </div>
          </div>
          <!-- parameters -->
          <div> <b>No Return Value</b></div>
          <div> <b>No Exceptions</b></div>
         </div>
         <!-- method -->
       </dl>
     </dl>
   </dl>
   <p> The different types of Animation events that can occur are:
   <dl>
    <dt> <b>animationstart</b>
    <dd> The &rsquo;animationstart' event occurs at the start of the
     animation. If there is an <a href="#animation-delay"><code
     class=property>animation-delay</code></a> then this event will fire once
     the delay period has expired. A negative delay will cause the event to
     fire with an elapsedTime equal to the absolute value of the delay.
     <ul>
      <li>Bubbles: Yes
      <li>Cancelable: No
      <li>Context Info: animationName
     </ul>
    <dt> <b>animationend</b>
    <dd> The &lsquo;<code class=property>animationend</code>&rsquo; event
     occurs when the animation finishes.
     <ul>
      <li>Bubbles: Yes
      <li>Cancelable: No
      <li>Context Info: animationName, elapsedTime
     </ul>
    <dt> <b>animationiteration</b>
    <dd> The &lsquo;<code class=property>animationiteration</code>&rsquo;
     event occurs at the end of each iteration of an animation for which <a
     href="#animation-iteration-count"><code>animation-iteration-count</code></a>
     is greater than one. This event does not occur for animations with an
     iteration count of one.
     <ul>
      <li>Bubbles: Yes
      <li>Cancelable: No
      <li>Context Info: animationName, elapsedTime
     </ul>
   </dl>
   <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
   <h2 id=dom-interfaces-><span class=secno>5. </span> DOM Interfaces</h2>
   <p> CSS animation is exposed to the CSSOM through a pair of new interfaces
    describing the keyframes.
   <dl>
    <dt> <b>Interface <i><a id=DOM-CSSRule
     name=DOM-CSSRule>CSSRule</a></i></b>
    <dd>
     <p> The following 2 rule types are added to the <code>CSSRule</code>
      interface. They provide identification for the new keyframe and
      keyframes rules.</p>
     <dl>
      <dt> <b>IDL Definition</b>
      <dd>
       <div class=idl-code>
        <pre>
     interface CSSRule {
       ...
       const unsigned short KEYFRAMES_RULE = 7;
       const unsigned short KEYFRAME_RULE = 8;
       ...
     };</pre>
       </div>
      </dd>
      <!-- IDL -->
     </dl>
    <dt> <b>Interface <i><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframeRule
     name=DOM-CSSKeyframeRule>CSSKeyframeRule</a></i></b>
    <dd>
     <p> The <code>CSSKeyframeRule</code> interface represents the style rule
      for a single key.</p>
     <dl>
      <dt> <br>
       <b>IDL Definition</b>
      <dd>
       <div class=idl-code>
        <pre>
     interface CSSKeyframeRule : CSSRule {
         attribute DOMString keyText;
         readonly attribute CSSStyleDeclaration style;
     };
     </pre>
       </div>
       <br>
      <dt> <b>Attributes</b>
      <dd>
       <dl>
        <dt> <code class=attribute-name><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframeRule-keyText
         name=DOM-CSSKeyframeRule-keyText>keyText</a></code> of type
         <code>DOMString</code>
        <dd> This attribute represents the key as the string representation of
         a floating point number between 0 and 1. If the value in the CSS
         style is <code>from</code> this value will be 0, and if the value in
         the CSS style is <code>to</code> this value will be 1.<br>
       </dl>
      <dd>
       <dl>
        <dt> <code class=attribute-name><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframeRule-style
         name=DOM-CSSKeyframeRule-style>style</a></code> of type
         <code>CSSStyleDeclaration</code>
        <dd> This attribute represents the style associated with this
         keyframe.<br>
       </dl>
      <dt> <b>No Methods</b>
     </dl>
   </dl>
   <dl>
    <dt> <b>Interface <i><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule
     name=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule>CSSKeyframesRule</a></i></b>
    <dd>
     <p> The <code>CSSKeyframesRule</code> interface represents a complete set
      of keyframes for a single animation.</p>
     <dl>
      <dt> <br>
       <b>IDL Definition</b>
      <dd>
       <div class=idl-code>
        <pre>
     interface CSSKeyframesRule : CSSRule {
         attribute          DOMString   name;
         readonly attribute CSSRuleList cssRules;
         void               appendRule(in DOMString rule);
         void               deleteRule(in DOMString key);
         CSSKeyframeRule    findRule(in DOMString key);
     };
     </pre>
       </div>
       <br>
      <dt> <b>Attributes</b>
      <dd>
       <dl>
        <dt> <code class=attribute-name><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule-name
         name=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule-name>name</a></code> of type
         <code>DOMString</code>
        <dd> This attribute is the name of the keyframes, used by the <a
         href="#animation-name"><code>animation-name</code></a> property.<br>
       </dl>
      <dd>
       <dl>
        <dt> <code class=attribute-name><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframeRules-cssRules
         name=DOM-CSSKeyframeRules-cssRules>cssRules</a></code> of type
         <code>CSSRuleList</code>
        <dd> This attribute gives access to the keyframes in the list.<br>
       </dl>
      <dt> <b>Methods</b>
      <dd>
       <dl><!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
        <dt> <code class=method-name><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule-appendRule
         name=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule-appendRule>appendRule</a></code>
        <dd>
         <div class=method> The <code>appendRule</code> method appends the
          passed CSSKeyframeRule into the list at the passed key.
          <div class=parameters> <b>Parameters</b>
           <div class=paramtable>
            <dl>
             <dt> <code class=parameter-name>rule</code> of type
              <code>DOMString</code>
             <dd> The rule to be appended, expressed in the same syntax as one
              entry in the <code>@keyframes</code> rule.
            </dl>
           </div>
          </div>
          <!-- parameters -->
          <div class=return-value> <b>No Return Value</b></div>
          <div> <b>No Exceptions</b></div>
         </div>
         <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
        <dt> <code class=method-name><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule-deleteRule
         name=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule-deleteRule>deleteRule</a></code>
        <dd>
         <div class=method> The <code>deleteRule</code> method deletes the
          CSSKeyframeRule with the passed key. If a rule with this key does
          not exist, the method does nothing.
          <div class=parameters> <b>Parameters</b>
           <div class=paramtable>
            <dl>
             <dt> <code class=parameter-name>key</code> of type
              <code>DOMString</code>
             <dd> The key which describes the rule to be deleted. The key must
              resolve to a number between 0 and 1, or the rule is ignored.<br>
            </dl>
           </div>
          </div>
          <!-- parameters -->
          <div class=return-value> <b>No Return Value</b></div>
          <div> <b>No Exceptions</b></div>
         </div>
         <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
        <dt> <code class=method-name><a id=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule-findRule
         name=DOM-CSSKeyframesRule-findRule>findRule</a></code>
        <dd>
         <div class=method> The <code>findRule</code> method returns the rule
          with a key matching the passed key. If no such rule exists, a null
          value is returned.
          <div class=parameters> <b>Parameters</b>
           <div class=paramtable>
            <dl>
             <dt> <code class=parameter-name>key</code> of type
              <code>DOMString</code>
             <dd> The key which described the rule to find. The key must
              resolve to a number between 0 and 1, or the rule is ignored.<br>
            </dl>
           </div>
          </div>
          <!-- parameters -->
          <div class=return-value> <b>Return Value</b>
           <div class=returnvalue>
            <dl>
             <dt> <code>CSSKeyframeRule</code>
             <dd> The found rule.<br>
            </dl>
           </div>
          </div>
          <div> <b>No Exceptions</b></div>
         </div>
         <!-- ======================================================================================================= -->
       </dl>
       <!-- method -->
     </dl>
   </dl>
   <h2 id=references><span class=secno>6. </span>References</h2>
   <h3 class=no-num id=normative-references>Normative references</h3>
   <!--begin-normative-->
   <!-- Sorted by label -->
   <dl class=bibliography>
    <dt style="display: none"><!-- keeps the doc valid if the DL is empty -->
     <!---->
    <dt id=CSS3-TRANSITIONS>[CSS3-TRANSITIONS]
    <dd>Dean Jackson; et al. <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-css3-transitions-20091201"><cite>CSS
     Transitions Module Level 3.</cite></a> 1 December 2009. W3C Working
     Draft. (Work in progress.) URL: <a
     href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-css3-transitions-20091201">http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/WD-css3-transitions-20091201</a>
     </dd>
    <!---->
   </dl>
   <!--end-normative-->
   <h3 class=no-num id=other-references>Other references</h3>
   <!--begin-informative-->
   <!-- Sorted by label -->
   <dl class=bibliography>
    <dt style="display: none"><!-- keeps the doc valid if the DL is empty -->
     <!---->
   </dl>
   <!--end-informative-->
   <h2 class=no-num id=property-index>Property index</h2>
   <!--begin-properties-->
   <table class=proptable>
    <thead>
     <tr>
      <th>Property
      <th>Values
      <th>Initial
      <th>Applies&nbsp;to
      <th>Inh.
      <th>Percentages
      <th>Media
    <tbody>
     <tr>
      <th><a class=property href="#animation">animation</a>
      <td>[&lt;animation-name&gt; || &lt;animation-duration&gt; ||
       &lt;animation-timing-function&gt; || &lt;animation-delay&gt; ||
       &lt;animation-iteration-count&gt; || &lt;animation-direction&gt; ||
       &lt;animation-fill-mode&gt;] [, [&lt;animation-name&gt; ||
       &lt;animation-duration&gt; || &lt;animation-timing-function&gt; ||
       &lt;animation-delay&gt; || &lt;animation-iteration-count&gt; ||
       &lt;animation-direction&gt; || &lt;animation-fill-mode&gt;] ]*
      <td>see individual properties
      <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
      <td>no
      <td>N/A
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th><a class=property href="#animation-delay">animation-delay</a>
      <td>&lt;time&gt; [, &lt;time&gt;]*
      <td>0s
      <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
      <td>no
      <td>N/A
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th><a class=property
       href="#animation-direction">animation-direction</a>
      <td>normal | alternate [, [ normal | alternate ] ]*
      <td>normal
      <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
      <td>no
      <td>N/A
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th><a class=property href="#animation-duration">animation-duration</a>
      <td>&lt;time&gt; [, &lt;time&gt;]*
      <td>0s
      <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
      <td>no
      <td>N/A
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th><a class=property
       href="#animation-fill-mode">animation-fill-mode</a>
      <td>none | forwards | backwards | both [, [ none | forwards | backwards
       | both ] ]*
      <td>none
      <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
      <td>no
      <td>N/A
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th><a class=property
       href="#animation-iteration-count">animation-iteration-count</a>
      <td>infinite | &lt;number&gt; [, [ infinite | &lt;number&gt; ] ]*
      <td>1
      <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
      <td>no
      <td>N/A
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th><a class=property href="#animation-name">animation-name</a>
      <td>none | IDENT [, [ none | IDENT ] ]*
      <td>none
      <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
      <td>no
      <td>N/A
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th><a class=property
       href="#animation-play-state">animation-play-state</a>
      <td>running | paused [, [ running | paused ] ]*
      <td>running
      <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
      <td>no
      <td>N/A
      <td>visual
     <tr>
      <th><a class=property
       href="#animation-timing-function">animation-timing-function</a>
      <td>ease | linear | ease-in | ease-out | ease-in-out | step-start |
       step-end | steps(&lt;number&gt;[, start | end ]) |
       cubic-bezier(&lt;number&gt;, &lt;number&gt;, &lt;number&gt;,
       &lt;number&gt;) [, [ ease | linear | ease-in | ease-out | ease-in-out |
       step-start | step-end | steps(&lt;number&gt;[, start | end ]) |
       cubic-bezier(&lt;number&gt;, &lt;number&gt;, &lt;number&gt;,
       &lt;number&gt;)] ]*
      <td>ease
      <td>all elements, :before and :after pseudo elements
      <td>no
      <td>N/A
      <td>visual
   </table>
   <!--end-properties-->
   <h2 class=no-num id=index>Index</h2>
   <!--begin-index-->
   <ul class=indexlist>
    <li>animation, <a href="#animation"
     title=animation><strong>3.10.</strong></a>
    <li>animation-delay, <a href="#animation-delay"
     title=animation-delay><strong>3.8.</strong></a>
    <li>animation-direction, <a href="#animation-direction"
     title=animation-direction><strong>3.6.</strong></a>
    <li>animation-duration, <a href="#animation-duration"
     title=animation-duration><strong>3.3.</strong></a>
    <li>animation-fill-mode, <a href="#animation-fill-mode"
     title=animation-fill-mode><strong>3.9.</strong></a>
    <li>animation-iteration-count, <a href="#animation-iteration-count"
     title=animation-iteration-count><strong>3.5.</strong></a>
    <li>animation-name, <a href="#animation-name"
     title=animation-name><strong>3.2.</strong></a>
    <li>animation-play-state, <a href="#animation-play-state"
     title=animation-play-state><strong>3.7.</strong></a>
    <li>animation-timing-function, <a href="#animation-timing-function"
     title=animation-timing-function><strong>3.4.</strong></a>
   </ul>
   <!--end-index-->
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